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Journal ArticleEpilepsia Open · August 6, 2025
The multicenter FEBSTAT study (Consequences of Prolonged Febrile Seizures in Childhood: https://grantome.com/grant/NIH/R37-NS043209-12; PI S. Shinnar) examined the outcome of febrile status epilepticus (FSE) in over 200 prospectively enrolled infants, with ...
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Journal ArticleChilds Nerv Syst · February 18, 2025
The role of connectivity in the function and development of the human brain has been intensely studied over the last two decades. These findings have begun to be translated to the clinical setting, particularly in the context of epilepsy. Determining conne ...
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Journal ArticleBrain Stimul · 2025
BACKGROUND: Writer's cramp (WC) dystonia is an involuntary movement disorder with distributed abnormalities in the brain's motor network. Prior studies established the potential for repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to either premotor cor ...
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Journal ArticleDystonia · January 1, 2025
Background: Writer’s cramp (WC) is an adult-onset focal dystonia that impairs hand and arm movements during writing tasks. Previous studies have identified abnormal resting state connectivity between the basal ganglia and cerebellum in WC. However, the rol ...
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Journal ArticlePsychiatry Res Neuroimaging · August 2024
Schizophrenia is associated with robust white matter (WM) abnormalities but influences of potentially confounding variables and relationships with cognitive performance and symptom severity remain to be fully determined. This study was designed to evaluate ...
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Journal ArticleEpilepsia · June 2024
OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to determine whether hippocampal T2 hyperintensity predicts sequelae of febrile status epilepticus, including hippocampal atrophy, sclerosis, and mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. METHODS: Acute magnetic resonance imaging ...
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Chapter · January 1, 2024
The development of synaptic connections in autonomic ganglia is closely correlated with the development of ganglion cell dendritic geometry. There is now considerable evidence that this correlation is due to preganglionic inputs adjusting their synapses ac ...
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Journal ArticlePsychiatry Res Neuroimaging · October 2023
Individuals with schizophrenia (SZ) show aberrant activations, assessed via functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), during auditory oddball tasks. However, associations with cognitive performance and genetic contributions remain unknown. This study c ...
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Journal ArticleVet J · January 2023
Propofol total intravenous anesthesia is a common choice to anesthetize patients with increased intracranial pressure, reducing cerebral blood flow while maintaining cerebrovascular reactivity to CO2. Propofol and alfaxalone are commonly used for total int ...
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Journal ArticleBiol Psychiatry · October 15, 2021
BACKGROUND: Dysfunctional reward processing is implicated in multiple mental disorders. Novelty seeking (NS) assesses preference for seeking novel experiences, which is linked to sensitivity to reward environmental cues. METHODS: A subset of 14-year-old ad ...
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Journal ArticleJAMA Psychiatry · April 1, 2021
IMPORTANCE: Maturation of white matter fiber systems subserves cognitive, behavioral, emotional, and motor development during adolescence. Hazardous drinking during this active neurodevelopmental period may alter the trajectory of white matter microstructu ...
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Journal ArticleAddict Biol · March 2021
Exogenous causes, such as alcohol use, and endogenous factors, such as temperament and sex, can modulate developmental trajectories of adolescent neurofunctional maturation. We examined how these factors affect sexual dimorphism in brain functional network ...
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ConferenceProceedings IEEE 20th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Bioengineering Bibe 2020 · October 1, 2020
Objective: A graph theoretical approach provides a powerful framework for discovering potential biomarkers of psychotic disorders. Comparing the brain graphs of the control and patient groups can help us to discover changes in mental disorders in a more co ...
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Journal ArticleNat Commun · September 22, 2020
Cortical thickness, surface area and volumes vary with age and cognitive function, and in neurological and psychiatric diseases. Here we report heritability, genetic correlations and genome-wide associations of these cortical measures across the whole cort ...
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Journal ArticleIEEE Trans Biomed Eng · September 2020
OBJECTIVE: Multimodal measurements of the same phenomena provide complementary information and highlight different perspectives, albeit each with their own limitations. A focus on a single modality may lead to incorrect inferences, which is especially impo ...
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Journal ArticlePsychol Med · June 2020
BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia is associated with robust hippocampal volume deficits but subregion volume deficits, their associations with cognition, and contributing genes remain to be determined. METHODS: Hippocampal formation (HF) subregion volumes were obt ...
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Journal ArticleScience · March 20, 2020
The cerebral cortex underlies our complex cognitive capabilities, yet little is known about the specific genetic loci that influence human cortical structure. To identify genetic variants that affect cortical structure, we conducted a genome-wide associati ...
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Journal ArticleHum Brain Mapp · September 2019
There is growing evidence that rather than using a single brain imaging modality to study its association with physiological or symptomatic features, the field is paying more attention to fusion of multimodal information. However, most current multimodal f ...
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Journal ArticleJ Neurosci Methods · July 15, 2019
BACKGROUND: Autocorrelation (AC) in fMRI time-series is a well-known phenomenon, typically attributed to colored noise and therefore removed from the data. We hypothesize that AC reflects systematic and meaningful signal fluctuations that may be tied to ne ...
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Journal ArticleHum Brain Mapp · April 1, 2019
To track iron accumulation and location in the brain across adolescence, we repurposed diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data acquired in 513 adolescents and validated iron estimates with quantitative susceptib ...
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Journal ArticleNeuroimage · January 1, 2019
Multimodal, imaging-genomics techniques offer a platform for understanding genetic influences on brain abnormalities in psychiatric disorders. Such approaches utilize the information available from both imaging and genomics data and identify their associat ...
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Journal ArticlePsychol Med · November 2018
BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia (SZ) is a severe neuropsychiatric disorder associated with disrupted connectivity within the thalamic-cortico-cerebellar network. Resting-state functional connectivity studies have reported thalamic hypoconnectivity with the cereb ...
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Journal ArticleSchizophr Res · November 2018
This study assessed genetic contributions to six cognitive domains, identified by the MATRICS Cognitive Consensus Battery as relevant for schizophrenia, cognition-enhancing, clinical trials. Psychiatric Genomics Consortium Schizophrenia polygenic risk scor ...
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Journal ArticleBiol Psychiatry · November 1, 2018
BACKGROUND: The profile of cortical neuroanatomical abnormalities in schizophrenia is not fully understood, despite hundreds of published structural brain imaging studies. This study presents the first meta-analysis of cortical thickness and surface area a ...
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Journal ArticleNat Commun · August 2, 2018
Cognitive impairment is a feature of many psychiatric diseases, including schizophrenia. Here we aim to identify multimodal biomarkers for quantifying and predicting cognitive performance in individuals with schizophrenia and healthy controls. A supervised ...
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Journal ArticleMol Psychiatry · May 2018
The regional distribution of white matter (WM) abnormalities in schizophrenia remains poorly understood, and reported disease effects on the brain vary widely between studies. In an effort to identify commonalities across studies, we perform what we believ ...
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Journal ArticleCereb Cortex · March 1, 2018
The transition from adolescent to adult cognition and emotional control requires neurodevelopmental maturation likely involving intrinsic functional networks (IFNs). Normal neurodevelopment may be vulnerable to disruption from environmental insult such as ...
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Journal ArticleIEEE Trans Med Imaging · January 2018
By exploiting cross-information among multiple imaging data, multimodal fusion has often been used to better understand brain diseases. However, most current fusion approaches are blind, without adopting any prior information. There is increasing interest ...
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Journal ArticleEpilepsia · June 2017
OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to explore the association between plasma cytokines and febrile status epilepticus (FSE) in children, as well as their potential as biomarkers of acute hippocampal injury. METHODS: Analysis was performed on residual samples of childr ...
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Journal ArticleCereb Cortex · October 2016
Brain structural development continues throughout adolescence, when experimentation with alcohol is often initiated. To parse contributions from biological and environmental factors on neurodevelopment, this study used baseline National Consortium on Alcoh ...
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ConferenceAnnu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · August 2016
Multimodal fusion is an effective approach to better understand brain disease. To date, most current fusion approaches are unsupervised; there is need for a multivariate method that can adopt prior information to guide multimodal fusion. Here we proposed a ...
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Journal ArticleEpilepsia · July 2016
OBJECTIVES: To identify risk and risk factors for developing a subsequent febrile seizure (FS) in children with a first febrile status epilepticus (FSE) compared to a first simple febrile seizure (SFS). To identify home use of rescue medications for subseq ...
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Journal ArticleNeuroimage · April 15, 2016
Neurodevelopment continues through adolescence, with notable maturation of white matter tracts comprising regional fiber systems progressing at different rates. To identify factors that could contribute to regional differences in white matter microstructur ...
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Journal ArticleNeuroimage · January 1, 2016
The Function Biomedical Informatics Research Network (FBIRN) developed methods and tools for conducting multi-scanner functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies. Method and tool development were based on two major goals: 1) to assess the major so ...
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Journal ArticlePsychiatry Res · December 30, 2015
Schizophrenia neurocognitive domain profiles are predominantly based on paper-and-pencil batteries. This study presents the first schizophrenia domain profile based on the Computerized Multiphasic Interactive Neurocognitive System (CMINDS(®)). Neurocogniti ...
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Journal ArticleJ Autism Dev Disord · November 2015
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by high rates of comorbid internalizing and externalizing disorders. One mechanistic account of these comorbidities is that ASD is characterized by impaired emotion regulation (ER) that results in deficits mo ...
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Journal ArticleNeuropsychopharmacology · November 2015
The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) in the blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signal during resting-state fMRI reflects the magnitude of local low-frequency BOLD oscillations, rather than interregional connectivity. ALFF is of interest ...
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Journal ArticleStat Methods Med Res · February 2015
Technological developments and greater rigor in the quantitative measurement of biological features in medical images have given rise to an increased interest in using quantitative imaging biomarkers to measure changes in these features. Critical to the pe ...
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Journal ArticleSchizophr Bull · January 2015
INTRODUCTION: While auditory verbal hallucinations (AH) are a cardinal symptom of schizophrenia, people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia (SZ) may also experience visual hallucinations (VH). In a retrospective analysis of a large sample of SZ and healthy c ...
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Journal ArticleJ Magn Reson Imaging · August 2014
PURPOSE: (i) to validate blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) breathhold cerebrovascular reactivity (BH CVR) mapping as an effective technique for potential detection of neurovascular uncoupling (NVU) in a cohort of patients with perirolandic low grade ...
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Journal ArticlePsychiatry Res · April 30, 2014
Schizophrenia patients show significant subcortical brain abnormalities. We examined these abnormalities using automated image analysis software and provide effect size estimates for prospective multi-scanner schizophrenia studies. Subcortical and intracra ...
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Journal ArticleSchizophr Res · January 2014
The Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS), the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS), and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale for Schizophrenia (PANSS) are the most widely used schizophrenia symptom rating scales, but des ...
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Journal ArticleFront Hum Neurosci · 2014
Language production requires multiple stages of processing (e.g., semantic retrieval, lexical selection), each of which may involve distinct brain regions. Distractor words can be combined with picture naming to examine factors that influence language prod ...
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Journal ArticlePsychiatry Res · June 30, 2013
When using functional brain imaging to study neuropsychiatric patients an important challenge is determining whether the imaging task assesses individual differences with equal precision in healthy control and impaired patient groups. Classical test theory ...
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Journal ArticleBrain Sci · May 28, 2013
BOLD fMRI is often used for the study of human language. However, there are still very few attempts to conduct longitudinal fMRI studies in the study of language acquisition by measuring auditory comprehension and reading. The following paper is the first ...
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Journal ArticleFront Neurosci · 2013
BACKGROUND: This multi-site study compares resting state fMRI amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (ALFF) and fractional ALFF (fALFF) between patients with schizophrenia (SZ) and healthy controls (HC). METHODS: Eyes-closed resting fMRI scans (5:38 min; ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Neurosci · September 2012
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has helped to elucidate the neurobiological bases of psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders by localizing etiologically-relevant aberrations in brain function. Functional MRI also has shown great promise t ...
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Journal ArticleJ Magn Reson Imaging · September 2012
PURPOSE: To evaluate the reproducibility of presurgical functional MRI (fMRI) language mapping based on test-retest scans, comparing traditional activation t-maps to relative activation maps normalized by activation mapping as percentage of local excitatio ...
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Journal ArticleJ Magn Reson Imaging · July 2012
This report provides practical recommendations for the design and execution of multicenter functional MRI (MC-fMRI) studies based on the collective experience of the Function Biomedical Informatics Research Network (FBIRN). The study was inspired by many r ...
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Journal ArticleJ Psychiatr Res · September 2011
The ability to maintain information over short periods of time (i.e., working memory) is critically important in a variety of cognitive functions including language, planning, and decision-making. Recent functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) researc ...
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Journal ArticleMagn Reson Med · April 2011
A method was developed to quantify the effect of scanner instability on functional MRI data by comparing the instability noise to endogenous noise present when scanning a human. The instability noise was computed from agar phantom data collected with two f ...
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Journal ArticleNeuroimage · February 1, 2011
Investigators perform multi-site functional magnetic resonance imaging studies to increase statistical power, to enhance generalizability, and to improve the likelihood of sampling relevant subgroups. Yet undesired site variation in imaging methods could o ...
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Journal ArticleFront Neuroinform · 2011
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is based on correlating blood oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) signal fluctuations in the brain with other time-varying signals. Although the most common reference for correlation is the timing of a behavioral task ...
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Journal ArticleJ Magn Reson Imaging · April 2009
PURPOSE: To evaluate the performance of a relative activation amplitude algorithm, versus standard t-value thresholding, for reliably establishing the location, amplitude, and spatial extent of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) brain activation ...
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Journal ArticleSchizophr Bull · January 2009
Regional gray matter (GM) abnormalities are well known to exist in patients with chronic schizophrenia. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) has been previously used on structural magnetic resonance images (MRI) data to characterize these abnormalities. Two multi ...
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Journal ArticleSchizophr Bull · January 2009
INTRODUCTION: Auditory hallucinations are a hallmark symptom of schizophrenia. The neural basis of auditory hallucinations was examined using data from a working memory task. Data were acquired within a multisite consortium and this unique dataset provided ...
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Journal ArticleMagn Reson Imaging · November 2006
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) does not typically yield highly reproducible maps of brain activation. Maps can vary significantly even with constant scanning parameters and consistent task performance conditions (Liu et al., Magn. Reson. Med. ...
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Journal ArticleRadiology · September 2006
PURPOSE: To prospectively evaluate the effect of preoperative functional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging localization of language and motor areas on therapeutic decision making in patients with potentially resectable brain tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Th ...
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Journal ArticleCereb Cortex · October 2003
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to compare brain activation to static facial displays versus dynamic changes in facial identity or emotional expression. Static images depicted prototypical fearful, angry and neutral expressions. Ident ...
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Journal ArticleAJNR Am J Neuroradiol · March 2000
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Alzheimer's disease is associated with progressive visuospatial dysfunction. This study used functional MR (fMR) imaging with an eye movement paradigm to investigate differences in visuospatial cognition between patients with probab ...
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Journal ArticleDev Neuropsychol · 2000
The development of neurocognitive networks was examined in 2 cognitive paradigms: auditory sentence comprehension and mental rotation of alphanumeric stimuli. Patterns of brain activation were measured with whole brain echoplanar functional magnetic resona ...
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Journal ArticleNeuroimage · August 1999
This study presents an integrated approach to on-line fMRI data processing that combines real-time paradigm control and real-time MR image statistical analysis with nearly real-time integration of fMRI behavioral and physiological data. The real-time parad ...
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Journal ArticleProg Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry · May 1999
1. Patterns of brain activation were measured with whole brain echo-planar functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) at 3.0 Tesla in healthy children (N = 6) and in one child with a left-hemisphere encephalomalacic lesion as sequellae from early stroke. ...
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Journal ArticleHum Brain Mapp · 1999
High-field (3 Tesla) functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to investigate the cortical circuitry subserving pursuit tracking in humans and compare it to that for saccadic eye movements. Pursuit performance, relative to visual fixation, elici ...
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Journal ArticleJ Comp Neurol · January 20, 1997
We previously developed a reaggregate cell culture system (pellet cultures) in which retinal neuroepithelial cells proliferate and give rise to rod photoreceptor cells (rods) in vitro (Watanabe and Raff, 1990, Neuron 4:461-467). In the present study, we an ...
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Journal ArticleNMR Biomed · 1997
Known specialized properties of the human visual cortex have been used to investigate the role of spatial resolution on fMRI using blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) echo-planar MRI at 3.0 tesla. The magnitude of BOLD signal changes has been examined ...
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Journal ArticleInvestigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science · February 15, 1996
Purpose: We previously developed a reaggregate cell culture system (pellet cultures) in which retinal neuroepithelial cells proliferate and give rise to rod photoreceptor cells (rods) in vitro (Watanabe and Raff, Neuron, 4, 461-467, 1990). In the present s ...
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Journal ArticleEur J Neurosci · December 1, 1995
Naturally occurring cell death complicates the analysis of cell lineage studies by making the surviving members of a clone appear more closely related than they actually are. Here we ask how much normal cell death occurs during rat retinal development, and ...
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Journal ArticleJ Cell Biol · May 1993
We have studied the survival requirements of developing lens epithelial cells to test the hypothesis that most cells are programmed to kill themselves unless they are continuously signaled by other cells not to do so. The lens cells survived for weeks in b ...
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Journal ArticleJ Neurobiol · November 1992
We have recently found that about 50% of newly formed oligodendrocytes normally die in the developing rat optic nerve. When purified oligodendrocytes or their precursors are cultured in the absence of serum or added signalling molecules, they die rapidly w ...
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Journal ArticleCell · July 10, 1992
Dead cells are observed in many developing animal tissues, but the causes of these normal cell deaths are mostly unknown. We show that about 50% of oligodendrocytes normally die in the developing rat optic nerve, apparently as a result of a competition for ...
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Journal ArticleNature · November 23, 1989
Axons in vertebrate peripheral nerves are ensheathed by Schwann cells. For some axons, this sheath consists of a single layer of glial cell cytoplasm and plasma membranes; for other axons, Schwann cells form multilayered myelin. Whether or not a Schwann ce ...
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Journal ArticleJ Neurosci · June 1989
Dendritic arborizations of neurons in the adult rat superior cervical ganglion were measured in control ganglia and in ganglia innervating peripheral targets that were relatively larger or smaller than normal. The relative size of the target--the submandib ...
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Journal ArticleNature · November 10, 1988
A remarkable feature of nerve cells is the complex and variable pattern of their axonal and dendritic branches. Quantitative studies of a simple part of the nervous system in mammals provide evidence that neuronal geometry and innervation are regulated by ...
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Journal ArticleScience · November 20, 1987
The distribution of presynaptic endings on the surfaces of autonomic ganglion cells was mapped in living mice after intravenous administration of a styryl pyridinium dye. The staining and imaging techniques did not appear to damage the ganglion cells, or t ...
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Journal ArticleJ Neurosci · March 1987
Intracellular injection of HRP was used to study the postnatal development of dendrites in the rat superior cervical ganglion (SCG). This study had 2 goals: to describe the growth of dendrites during normal development and to determine the influence of pre ...
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Journal ArticleTrends in Neurosciences · January 1, 1987
A variety of technical advances have provided a means of following individual nerve cells and their connections over intervals of weeks or months in living animals. Such observations allow an assessment of the stability of pre- and postsynaptic elements in ...
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Journal ArticleJ Neurosci · April 1986
We describe a means of visualizing the same neuron in the superior cervical ganglion of young adult mice over intervals of up to 3 months. The dendrites of these neurons change during this interval; some branches retract, others elongate, and still others ...
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