Journal ArticleJ Appl Clin Med Phys · December 2025
INTRODUCTION: Previous work has shown that whole brain radiation (WBRT) can lead to acute xerostomia and dry eye from dose delivered to the parotid and lacrimal glands, respectively. We performed a retrospective study to assess whether a previously develop ...
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Journal ArticleJ Appl Clin Med Phys · June 2025
The well-being of medical physicists can impact overall system performance, patient safety, and quality of patient care. There are limited formal assessments of factors contributing to physicists well-being. Nine medical physicists at a US academic medical ...
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ConferenceLecture Notes in Computer Science Including Subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics · January 1, 2023
Academic radiation oncology centers have a long history of developing in-house quality assurance (QA) checklists to promote patient safety. These checklists are designed without utilizing formal human-computer interaction methods and are deployed without r ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys · May 1, 2021
PURPOSE: Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) has become the standard of care for inoperable early-stage non-small cell lung cancer and is often used for recurrent lung cancer and pulmonary metastases. Radiation-induced lung toxicity (RILT), includin ...
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Journal ArticleJ Appl Clin Med Phys · February 2020
PURPOSE: To assess the performance and limitations of contour propagation with three commercial deformable image registration (DIR) algorithms using fractional scans of CT-on-rails (CTOR) and Cone Beam CT (CBCT) in image guided prostate therapy patients tr ...
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Journal ArticlePract Radiat Oncol · November 2019
PURPOSE: Ensuring safety within RT is of paramount importance. To further support and augment patient safety efforts, the purpose of this research was to test and refine a robust methodology for analyzing human errors that defeat individual controls within ...
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Journal ArticleMed Phys · October 2019
The use of positron emission tomography (PET) in radiation therapy (RT) is rapidly increasing in the areas of staging, segmentation, treatment planning, and response assessment. The most common radiotracer is 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose ([18 F]FDG), a glucose ...
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Journal ArticleJ Am Coll Radiol · September 2019
Within artificial intelligence, machine learning (ML) efforts in radiation oncology have augmented the transition from generalized to personalized treatment delivery. Although their impact on quality and safety of radiation therapy has been limited, they a ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys · November 15, 2018
PURPOSE: Imaging parameters from 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG PET) before and after chemoradiation therapy (CRT) for anal canal cancer correlate with clinical outcomes. This prospective, hypothesis-generating pilot study inv ...
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Journal ArticleMed Phys · October 2018
PURPOSE: To estimate the radiobiological parameters of three popular NTCP models, which describe the dose-response relations of carotid blowout syndrome (CBOS) after stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). To evaluate the goodness-of-fit and the correlation ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys · August 1, 2018
PURPOSE: To investigate the degree to which lung ventilation and gas exchange are regionally correlated, using the emerging technology of hyperpolarized (HP)-129Xe magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS AND MATERIALS: Hyperpolarized-129Xe MRI studies we ...
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Journal ArticleMed Phys · July 10, 2018
Derived from 2 yr of deliberations and community engagement, Medical Physics 3.0 (MP3.0) is an effort commissioned by the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) to devise a framework of strategies by which medical physicists can maintain and ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys · June 1, 2018
Radiation oncology is 1 of the most structured disciplines in medicine. It is of a highly technical nature with reliance on robotic systems to deliver intervention, engagement of diverse expertise, and early adoption of digital approaches to optimize and e ...
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Journal ArticleAdvances in Radiation Oncology · April 1, 2018
There is a need to better prepare radiation therapy (RT) providers to safely operate within the health information technology (IT) sociotechnical system. Simulation-based training has been preemptively used to yield meaningful improvements during providers ...
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Journal ArticleRadiat Oncol · February 2, 2018
BACKGROUND: To estimate the radiobiological parameters of three popular normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) models, which describe the dose-response relations of bladder regarding different acute urinary symptoms during post-prostatectomy radioth ...
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Journal ArticlePract Radiat Oncol · 2018
PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to propose a set of innovative principles for the effective design of electronic checklists to enhance safety mindfulness (a specific safety mindful mindset that offers the opportunity to operate more preemptively during r ...
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Journal ArticleSemin Radiat Oncol · October 2017
Noninvasive imaging has and will continue to play a pivotal role in the assessment of radiation-induced normal tissue toxicity. In this review, we will examine key literature regarding the use of anatomic and physiological imaging in relation to radiation- ...
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Journal ArticleJ Appl Clin Med Phys · September 2017
INTRODUCTION: Designing a radiation plan that optimally delivers both target coverage and normal tissue sparing is challenging. There are limited tools to determine what is dosimetrically achievable and frequently the experience of the planner/physician is ...
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Journal ArticleOpt Lett · August 15, 2017
Tumor tissue oxygenation significantly affects the outcome of radiotherapy. Real-time monitoring of tumor hypoxia is highly desirable for effective radiotherapy, and is the basis for improved treatment because hypoxic tumor cells are more resistant to radi ...
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Journal ArticleRadiother Oncol · August 2017
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The aim is to determine the radiobiological parameters of four popular normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) models that describe the dose-response relations of salivary glands and pharyngeal constrictors to the severity of ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys · August 1, 2017
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S): To estimate the association between different dose-volume metrics of the salivary glands and pharyngeal constrictors with patient reported severity of xerostomia/dysphagia in the setting of deintensified chemoradiation therapy (CRT). ...
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Journal ArticleMed Phys · August 2017
PURPOSE: The aim of this paper is to define the requirements and describe the design and implementation of a standard benchmark tool for evaluation and validation of PET-auto-segmentation (PET-AS) algorithms. This work follows the recommendations of Task G ...
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Journal ArticleBreast Cancer Res Treat · July 2017
PURPOSE: Cardiac single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) is often used to identify defects in myocardial perfusion due to atherosclerotic coronary artery disease. It was also used in studies to evaluate radiation therapy (RT)-associated cardiac ...
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Journal ArticleMed Phys · June 2017
PURPOSE: The purpose of this educational report is to provide an overview of the present state-of-the-art PET auto-segmentation (PET-AS) algorithms and their respective validation, with an emphasis on providing the user with help in understanding the chall ...
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Journal ArticleMagn Reson Imaging Clin N Am · May 2017
Hybrid PET/MR imaging is in early development for treatment planning. This article briefly reviews research and clinical applications of PET/MR imaging in radiation oncology. With improvements in workflow, more specific tracers, and fast and robust acquisi ...
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ConferenceInt J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys · April 1, 2017
PURPOSE: To evaluate early cardiac single photon computed tomography (SPECT) findings after left breast/chest wall postoperative radiation therapy (RT) in the setting of deep inspiration breath hold (DIBH). METHODS AND MATERIALS: We performed a prospective ...
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Journal ArticleOncogene · April 2017
Genetic alterations associated with prostate cancer (PCa) may be identified by sequencing metastatic tumour genomes to identify molecular markers at this lethal stage of disease. Previously, we characterized somatic alterations in metastatic tumours in the ...
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Journal ArticleFrontiers in Oncology · January 23, 2017
Introduction: Computed tomography (CT), combined positron emitted tomography and CT (PET/CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are commonly used in head and neck radiation planning. Hybrid PET/MRI has garnered attention for potential added value in can ...
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Journal ArticleIndian J Cancer · 2017
BACKGROUND: Majority of patients of lung cancer present with locally advanced or metastatic disease, where systemic therapy is the treatment of choice. Many of these patients have local symptoms due to thoracic disease, wherein radiotherapy is proven to be ...
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ConferenceInt J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys · August 1, 2016
PURPOSE: To study the risk factors for radiation-induced lung toxicity (RILT) after stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) of the thorax. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Published studies on lung toxicity in patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer ...
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Journal ArticleBreast · August 2016
UNLABELLED: We report our initial clinical experience with using Helical tomotherapy to irradiate the bilateral breasts/chest-wall and regional nodes. METHODS: The records of patients who received bilateral irradiation of the breast/chest-wall and regional ...
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Journal ArticleRadiat Res · May 2016
Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CNPs) have a unique surface regenerative property and can efficiently control reactive oxygen/nitrogen species. To determine whether treatment with CNPs can mitigate the delayed effects of lung injury after acute radiation expos ...
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Chapter · January 1, 2016
The general purpose of technology is to enable the accomplishment of new objectives or make current objectives easier and more attainable. In radiation oncology, the ultimate objective is to maximize tumor control while minimizing normal tissue complicatio ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys · December 1, 2015
PURPOSE: To determine the maximum tolerated dose of radiation therapy (RT) given in an accelerated fashion with concurrent chemotherapy using intensity modulated RT. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Patients with locally advanced lung cancer (non-small cell and smal ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys · November 15, 2015
PURPOSE: To test the effects of a novel Mn porphyrin oxidative stress modifier, Mn(III) meso-tetrakis(N-n-butoxyethylpyridinium-2-yl)porphyrin (MnBuOE), for its radioprotective and radiosensitizing properties in normal tissue versus tumor, respectively. ME ...
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Journal ArticleJ Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci · September 2015
BACKGROUND: Caloric restriction (CR), energy intake reduced below ad libitum (AL) intake, increases life span in many species. The implications for humans can be clarified by randomized controlled trials of CR. METHODS: To determine CR's feasibility, safet ...
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Journal ArticleMed Phys · August 2015
PURPOSE: Prior work by the authors and other groups has studied the creation of automated intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) plans of equivalent quality to those in a patient database of manually created clinical plans; those database plans provided g ...
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Journal ArticleUrology · May 2015
OBJECTIVE: To establish a feasible rat model of radiation-induced erectile dysfunction after targeted prostate irradiation using an image-guided irradiation unit specially designed for small-animal radiation research. METHODS: The X-RAD 225Cx research plat ...
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Journal ArticleJ Clin Invest · August 2014
Cells isolated from patients with ataxia telangiectasia are exquisitely sensitive to ionizing radiation. Kinase inhibitors of ATM, the gene mutated in ataxia telangiectasia, can sensitize tumor cells to radiation therapy, but concern that inhibiting ATM in ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Hyperthermia · May 2014
PURPOSE: The aim of this paper is to report thermal dosimetry characteristics of external deep regional pelvic hyperthermia combined with intravesical mitomycin C (MMC) for treating bladder cancer following transurethral resection of bladder tumour, and to ...
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Journal ArticleJ Nutr · May 2014
The doubly labeled water (DLW) method is considered the reference method for the measurement of energy expenditure under free-living conditions. However, the reproducibility of the DLW method in longitudinal studies is not well documented. This study was d ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys · March 1, 2014
PURPOSE: To develop a mouse model of cardiac injury after partial heart irradiation (PHI) and to test whether dual energy (DE)-microCT and 4-dimensional (4D)-microCT can be used to assess cardiac injury after PHI to complement myocardial perfusion imaging ...
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Journal ArticleAm J Clin Nutr · January 2014
BACKGROUND: The energy intake necessary to maintain weight and body composition is called the energy requirement for weight maintenance and can be determined by using the doubly labeled water (DLW) method. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to determine the ener ...
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Journal ArticlePhys Med Biol · November 7, 2013
There is significant interest in delivering precisely targeted small-volume radiation treatments, in the pre-clinical setting, to study dose-volume relationships with tumour control and normal tissue damage. For these studies it is vital that image guidanc ...
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Journal ArticleAJR Am J Roentgenol · November 2013
OBJECTIVE: Hypoxia is a characteristic of many tumors and portends a worse prognosis in lung, cervical, prostate, and rectal cancers. Unlike the others, lung cancers present a unique challenge in measuring hypoxia, with invasive biopsies and higher rates o ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys · October 1, 2013
PURPOSE: To introduce and evaluate a novel deformable 3-dimensional (3D) dosimetry system (Presage-Def/Optical-CT) and its application toward investigating the accuracy of dose deformation in a commercial deformable image registration (DIR) package. METHOD ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys · September 1, 2013
PURPOSE: Intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) treatment planning can have wide variation among different treatment centers. We propose a system to leverage the IMRT planning experience of larger institutions to automatically create high-quality pla ...
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Journal ArticleRadiol Clin North Am · September 2013
Treatment planning and delivery of radiation therapy has benefited from new technology and techniques. Given the convergence of the improved ability to image active tumor and the delivery of radiation to very specific targets, the implications for a tighte ...
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Journal ArticleAJNR Am J Neuroradiol · July 2013
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Quantification of both baseline variability and intratreatment change is necessary to optimally incorporate functional imaging into adaptive therapy strategies for HNSCC. Our aim was to define the baseline variability of SUV on FDG- ...
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Journal ArticlePhys Med Biol · June 7, 2013
This study aims to quantify how filter choice affects several fluoro-deoxy-glucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET) segmentation methods and present the use of model fitting via generalized estimating equations (GEEs) to appropriately account for t ...
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Journal ArticleMed Phys · June 2013
PURPOSE: The Dice coefficient (DC) is a common accuracy metric in PET segmentation studies that is a measure of overlap between the segmented volume and ground truth. This work presents a methodology to model DC as a function of object shapes, sizes, contr ...
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Journal ArticleMed Phys · June 2013
PURPOSE: Previous work has demonstrated that Presage-Def, a deformable, polyurethane-based radiochromic 3D dosimeter, has strong potential for validating deformable image registration algorithms by tracking optically measured radiation patterns from the de ...
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Journal ArticleClin Lung Cancer · May 2013
BACKGROUND: The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the association between radiation sensitivity of the lungs and candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in genes implicated in radiation-induced toxicity. METHODS: Patients with lung ca ...
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Journal ArticleMed Phys · April 2013
PURPOSE: Many approaches have been proposed to segment high uptake objects in 18F-fluoro-deoxy-glucose positron emission tomography images but none provides consistent performance across the large variety of imaging situations. This study investigates the ...
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ConferenceMedical Physics · January 1, 2013
Purpose: To examine the effect of PET image reconstruction parameters on baseline and early‐treatment FDG‐PET/CT quantitative imaging. Early‐treatment changes in tumor metabolism in primary tumor and nodes can potentially determine if the patient is respon ...
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ConferenceJ Phys Conf Ser · 2013
Deformable 3D dosimeters have potential applications in validating deformable dose mapping algorithms. This study evaluates a novel deformable PRESAGE® dosimeter and its application toward validating the deformable algorithm employed by VelocityAI. The def ...
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ConferenceJ Phys Conf Ser · 2013
There is significant interest in delivering precisely targeted small-volume radiation treatments, in the pre-clinical setting, to study dose-volume relationships with tumor control and normal tissue damage. In this work we investigate the IGRT targeting ac ...
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Journal ArticleMed Phys · December 2012
PURPOSE: Abnormalities in single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) perfusion within the lung and heart are often detected following radiation for tumors in∕around the thorax (e.g., lung cancer or left-sided breast cancer). The presence of SPECT p ...
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Journal ArticleCancer Res · November 1, 2012
Traditionally, the goal of nanoparticle-based chemotherapy has been to decrease normal tissue toxicity by improving drug specificity to tumors. The enhanced permeability and retention effect can permit passive accumulation into tumor interstitium. However, ...
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Journal ArticleSci Signal · July 24, 2012
Radiation therapy, which is used for the treatment of some cancers, can cause delayed heart damage. In the heart, p53 influences myocardial injury that occurs after multiple types of stress. Here, we demonstrated that p53 functioned in endothelial cells to ...
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Journal ArticleMed Phys · June 2012
PURPOSE: To evaluate and investigate the feasibility of a new method for validating dose tracking algorithms in deforming tissues using a novel deformable 3D dosimeter. METHODS: A novel deformable 3D Presage dosimeter is reported consisting of a stretchy p ...
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Journal ArticleMed Phys · June 2012
PURPOSE: To verify the accuracy of TG-61 based dosimetry with MOSFET technology using a tissue-equivalent mouse phantom. METHODS: Accuracy of mouse dose between a TG-61 based look-up table was verified with MOSFET technology. The look-up table followed a T ...
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Journal ArticleMed Phys · June 2012
PURPOSE: To investigate th applicability of the flattening filter free (FFF) to fractionated radiotherapy of head and neck cancer. METHODS: Twelve patients previously treated with IMRT were selected. A SIB protocol was chosen so that 66/54 Gy were prescrib ...
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ConferenceMed Phys · June 2012
PURPOSE: To verify that a knowledge-based approach to intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) treatment planning can create clinically acceptable plans of higher or comparable dosimetric quality than prior clinically approved plans. METHODS: Each case in a ...
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ConferenceMed Phys · June 2012
PURPOSE: In prostate IMRT treatment planning, the variation in patient anatomy makes it difficult to estimate a priori the potentially achievable extent of dose reduction possible to the rectum and bladder. We developed a mutual information-based framework ...
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Journal ArticleTechnol Cancer Res Treat · June 2012
Involvement of a cranial nerve caries a poor prognosis for many malignancies. Recurrent or residual disease in the trigeminal or facial nerve after primary therapy poses a challenge due to the location of the nerve in the skull base, the proximity to the b ...
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Journal ArticlePhys Med Biol · April 7, 2012
This paper describes a heterogeneous phantom that mimics a human thigh with a deep-seated tumor, for the purpose of studying the performance of radiofrequency (RF) heating equipment and non-invasive temperature monitoring with magnetic resonance imaging (M ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys · April 1, 2012
PURPOSE: To explore an effective and efficient end-to-end patient-specific quality-assurance (QA) protocol for volumetric modulated arc radiotherapy (VMAT) and to evaluate the suitability of a stationary radiotherapy QA device (two-dimensional [2D] ion cha ...
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Journal ArticleMed Phys · March 2012
PURPOSE: A recently completed Phase I clinical trial combined concurrent Mitomycin-C chemotherapy with deep regional heating using BSD-2000 Sigma-Ellipse applicator (BSD Corporation, Salt Lake City, UT, U.S.A.) for the treatment of nonmuscle invasive bladd ...
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Journal ArticleAm J Physiol Endocrinol Metab · February 15, 2012
Calorie restriction (CR) is a component of most weight loss interventions and a potential strategy to slow aging. Accurate determination of energy intake and %CR is critical when interpreting the results of CR interventions; this is most accurately achieve ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys · February 1, 2012
PURPOSE: To evaluate whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1) gene are associated with radiation sensitivity using an objective radiologic endpoint. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Preradiation therapy and serial p ...
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ConferenceMedical Physics · January 1, 2012
Purpose: Gaussian smoothing reduces noise in PET images but blurs edges impacting the achievable accuracy in radiotherapy target segmentation. Bilateral filters both provide smoothing while simultaneously preserving edges. We compared the accuracy of four ...
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ConferenceMedical Physics · January 1, 2012
Purpose: To compare intrinsic, temporal variability of tumor glucose metabolism versus early treatment‐induced change. This assessment is necessary to use changes in imaging parameters during therapy to properly segregate metabolic responders from non‐resp ...
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ConferenceMedical Physics · January 1, 2012
Purpose: To investigate the necessity for adaptive radiation therapy (RT) in lung cancer IMRT treatments by quantifying tumor changes during radiotherapy and the associated impact on target, lung and esophagus. Methods: As part of an IRB‐approved lung dose ...
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Journal ArticleMed Phys · December 2011
PURPOSE: To commission a small-field biological irradiator, the XRad225Cx from Precision x-Ray, Inc., for research use. The system produces a 225 kVp x-ray beam and is equipped with collimating cones that produce both square and circular radiation fields r ...
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Journal ArticleMed Phys · May 2011
PURPOSE: To demonstrate the feasibility of using a knowledge base of prior treatment plans to generate new prostate intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) plans. Each new case would be matched against others in the knowledge base. Once the best match ...
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Journal ArticleSemin Radiat Oncol · April 2011
Functional and molecular imaging techniques are increasingly being developed and used to quantitatively map the spatial distribution of parameters, such as metabolism, proliferation, hypoxia, perfusion, and ventilation, onto anatomically imaged normal orga ...
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Journal ArticleJ Appl Physiol (1985) · April 2011
The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of calorie restriction (CR) on free-living physical activity levels among humans. Data were from three CALERIE phase I site-specific protocols. Participants were nonobese (body mass index = 23.5-29. ...
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ConferenceMedical Physics · January 1, 2011
Purpose: To commission and characterize a novel small animal irradiator, the XRad225cx from Precision X‐Ray Inc. This system is capable of delivering both square and circular fields ranging in size from 1mm to 40mm. The combination of very small field size ...
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ConferenceMedical Physics · January 1, 2011
Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility of using a site‐specific database of prior plans to generate new prostate IMRT plans for cases drawn from an outside institution. Methods: The assembled database consists of 250 retrospective prostate IMRT treatment pla ...
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ConferenceMedical Physics · January 1, 2011
Purpose: To investigate the performance improvement of a novel region growing (SRG) and “segmentation‐by‐consensus” (SBC) technique for delineation of lesions in FDG‐PET. Further, the improvement in lesion segmentation using time‐of‐flight (TOF) PET was in ...
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ConferenceMedical Physics · January 1, 2011
Functional imaging in radiotherapy has great promise to guide radiation delivery as well as to monitor response to treatment. Normal tissues as well as tumor tissues may be imaged with functional imaging. This talk will discuss positron emission tomography ...
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ConferenceMedical Physics · January 1, 2011
Purpose: To assess external validity of a framework, which was previously developed to predict the incidence of radiation‐induced pneumontis in patients following radiotherapy for lung cancer, by testing it on an alternate dataset (other than the one used ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Hyperthermia · 2011
PURPOSE: This article explores the feasibility of using coupled electromagnetic and thermodynamic simulations to improve planning and control of hyperthermia treatments for cancer. The study investigates the usefulness of preplanning to improve heat locali ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys · May 1, 2010
PURPOSE: To assess the correlation of postimplant dosimetric quantifiers with biochemical control of prostate cancer after low-dose rate brachytherapy. METHODS AND MATERIALS: The biologically effective dose (BED), dose in Gray (Gy) to 90% of prostate (D(90 ...
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Journal ArticleMed Phys · March 2010
PURPOSE: A nonlinear system reconstruction can theoretically provide timely system reconstruction when designing a real-time image-guided adaptive control for multisource heating for hyperthermia. This clinical need motivates an analysis of the essential m ...
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Journal ArticleMed Phys · March 2010
PURPOSE: This paper investigates overall theoretical requirements for reducing the times required for the iterative learning of a real-time image-guided adaptive control routine for multiple-source heat applicators, as used in hyperthermia and thermal abla ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys · March 1, 2010
Published data suggest that the risk of moderately severe (>or=Grade 3) radiation-induced acute small-bowel toxicity can be predicted with a threshold model whereby for a given dose level, D, if the volume receiving that dose or greater (VD) exceeds a thre ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys · March 1, 2010
The liver is a critically important organ that has numerous functions including the production of bile, metabolism of ingested nutrients, elimination of many waste products, glycogen storage, and plasma protein synthesis. The liver is often incidentally ir ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys · March 1, 2010
The kidneys are the dose-limiting organs for radiotherapy to upper abdominal cancers and during total body irradiation. The incidence of radiotherapy-associated kidney injury is likely underreported owing to its long latency and because the toxicity is oft ...
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Journal ArticleJ Appl Clin Med Phys · January 28, 2010
Traditional treatment beams for non-small-cell lung cancer are limited to the axial plane. For many tumor geometries, non-axial orientations appear to reduce the dose to normal tissues (e.g. heart, liver). We hypothesize that non-axial beams provide a sign ...
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Journal ArticlePhys Med Biol · January 21, 2010
Macroaggregated albumin single-photon emission computed tomography (MAA-SPECT) provides a map of the spatial distribution of lung perfusion. Our previous work developed a methodology to use SPECT guidance to reduce the dose to the functional lung in IMRT p ...
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Journal ArticlePhys Med Biol · January 7, 2010
The aim of this study was to explore similarities between intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and intensity-modulated arc therapy (IMAT) techniques in the context of the number of multi-leaf collimator (MLC) segments required to achieve plan objectives ...
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ConferenceMedical Physics · January 1, 2010
Purpose: To compare the dosimetric results and treatment efficiency of intensity modulated arc therapy using RapidArc™ to static‐gantry IMRT plans for conventional fractionation treatment of head‐and‐neck cancer. Materials and Methods: This study evaluated ...
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ConferenceMedical Physics · January 1, 2010
Purpose: In prostate IMRT treatment planning, the variation in patient anatomy makes it difficult to a priori estimate the maximum extent of dose reduction possible to rectum and bladder. Such an estimation would greatly aid treatment planning by letting c ...
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ConferenceMedical Physics · January 1, 2010
Purpose: Gantry‐angle dependence of dose measurement for intensity‐modulated arc therapy (IMAT) quality assurance (QA) using a two‐dimensional ion chamber array may be significant. A new device, the gantry angle sensor, has been provided to compensate for ...
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ConferenceMedical Physics · January 1, 2010
Purpose: Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) may be used to guide thoracic radiation therapy planning by reducing the dose to highly‐perfused (i.e.functional) regions of lung. We herein investigate whether it is possible to a priori predict ...
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ConferenceMedical Physics · January 1, 2010
Purpose: To explore similarities between intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and intensity modulated arc therapy (IMAT) techniques in the context of the number of multi‐leaf collimator (MLC) segments required to achieve plan objectives, the major facto ...
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ConferenceMedical Physics · January 1, 2010
Purpose: To determine which dose and non‐dose features of patients undergoing thoracic radiotherapy best predict the incidence of possible lung pneumonitis and to estimate the corresponding risk of developing pneumonitis. Method and Materials: The study em ...
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ConferenceMedical Physics · January 1, 2010
Purpose: To investigate the potential of utilizing a knowledge‐base of clinically approved plans to develop semi‐automated IMRT treatment plans for prostate cancer. Method and Materials: We assembled a database of 100 prostate IMRT treatment plans and deve ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of Physics Conference Series · January 1, 2010
The purpose of this study was to test a patient-specific quality assurance (QA) protocol for intensity-modulated arc radiotherapy (IMAT), and to evaluate the use of an intensity-modulated stationary radiotherapy QA device (2D ion chamber array). Thirty-nin ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics · January 1, 2010
Traditional treatment beams for non-small-cell lung cancer are limited to the axial plane. For many tumor geometries, non-axial orientations appear to reduce the dose to normal tissues (e.g. heart, liver). We hypothesize that non-axial beams provide a sign ...
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Journal ArticleMed Phys · November 2009
PURPOSE: To establish accuracy of real time noninvasive temperature measurements using magnetic resonance thermal imaging in patients treated for high grade extremity soft tissue sarcomas. METHODS: Protocol patients with advanced extremity sarcomas were tr ...
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Journal ArticleMed Phys · October 2009
PURPOSE: Biological optimization using complication probability models in intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) planning has tremendous potential for reducing radiation-induced toxicity. Nevertheless, biological optimization is almost never clinically ut ...
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Journal ArticlePhys Med Biol · September 7, 2009
This study investigated the integration of the Calypso real-time tracking system, based on implanted ferromagnetic transponders and a detector array, into the current process for image-guided radiation treatment (IGRT) of prostate cancer at our institution ...
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Journal ArticleMed Phys · May 2009
The IMRT treatment planning process typically follows a path that is based on the manner in which the planner interactively adjusts the target and organ-at-risk (OAR) constraints and priorities. The time-intensive nature of this process restricts the plann ...
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Journal ArticlePhys Med Biol · April 7, 2009
In large multi-antenna systems, adaptive controllers can aid in steering the heat focus toward the tumor. However, the large number of sources can greatly increase the steering time. Additionally, controller performance can be degraded due to changes in ti ...
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Journal ArticlePhys Med Biol · April 7, 2009
Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is promising for monitoring and guiding hyperthermia treatments. The goal of this work is to investigate the stability of an algorithm for online MR thermal image guided steering and focusing of heat into the target volume. ...
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Journal ArticleMed Phys · April 2009
This work proposes to use the radiation from brachytherapy sources to track their dwell positions in three-dimensional (3D) space. The prototype device uses a single flat panel detector and a BB tray. The BBs are arranged in a defined pattern. The shadow o ...
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Journal ArticleMed Phys · March 2009
Treatment planners frequently modify beam arrangements and use IMRT to improve target dose coverage while satisfying dose constraints on normal tissues. The authors herein analyze the limitations of these strategies and quantitatively assess the extent to ...
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Journal ArticleProc SPIE Int Soc Opt Eng · February 25, 2009
A critical need has emerged for volumetric thermometry to visualize 3D temperature distributions in real time during deep hyperthermia treatments used as an adjuvant to radiation or chemotherapy for cancer. For the current effort, magnetic resonance therma ...
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Journal ArticleProc SPIE Int Soc Opt Eng · February 12, 2009
PURPOSE: Blood perfusion is a well-known factor that complicates accurate control of heating during hyperthermia treatments of cancer. Since blood perfusion varies as a function of time, temperature and location, determination of appropriate power depositi ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys · February 1, 2009
PURPOSE: To quantitatively assess the relationship between intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT)-driven sparing of dose to normal tissues located "within" concave targets with heterogeneity in dose delivered to the target and redistribution of dose to no ...
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ConferenceMedical Physics · January 1, 2009
Purpose: Binary outcomes (toxicity=1, no‐toxicity=0) are frequently used as inputs to fit parametric models. However, in reality, outcomes span the range in‐between these extremes; binary values are used for lack of more precise quantification. We propose ...
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ConferenceMedical Physics · January 1, 2009
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare RapidArc plans and conventional IMRT plans for head‐and‐neck cancer treatment involving bilateral nodes. Methods and Materials: This study included 10 locally advanced head‐and‐neck cancer patients. The plan ...
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ConferenceMedical Physics · January 1, 2009
Purpose: To develop a patient‐specific quality assurance protocol for RapidArc™ radiotherapy. Method and Materials: Following the commissioning of RapidArc™ treatment delivery, we tested several methods of patient‐specific quality assurance (QA). Ion chamb ...
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ConferenceMedical Physics · January 1, 2009
Purpose: To investigate how a real‐time tracking technique, based on implanted transponders, could be effectively integrated into the current process for image‐guided radiation treatment of prostate cancer. Method and Materials: Current prostate IGRT proce ...
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ConferenceMedical Physics · January 1, 2009
Purpose: Biological optimization for IMRT planning is typically not clinically utilized, perhaps due to uncertainties associated with normal tissue complication models. Clinically, IMRT planning still relies heavily on dose‐volume constraints. We propose a ...
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Journal ArticleMed Dosim · 2009
Adjuvant radiotherapy for locally advanced prostate cancer improves biochemical and clinical disease-free survival. While comparisons in intact prostate cancer show a benefit for intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) over 3D conformal planning, this ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys · January 1, 2009
PURPOSE: To evaluate on-board digital tomosynthesis (DTS) for patient positioning vs. two-dimensional (2D) radiography and three-dimensional cone beam (CBCT). METHODS AND MATERIALS: A total of 92 image sessions from 9 prostate cancer patients were analyzed ...
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Journal ArticleProceedings 7th International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications Icmla 2008 · December 1, 2008
Combining different machine learning models (decision fusion) has been shown to be an effective method for estimating the underlying physical mechanism by allowing the models to reinforce each other when consensus exists, or, conversely, negate each other ...
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Journal ArticleMed Phys · December 2008
A given outcome of radiotherapy treatment can be modeled by analyzing its correlation with a combination of dosimetric, physiological, biological, and clinical factors, through a logistic regression fit of a large patient population. The quality of the fit ...
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Journal ArticleMed Phys · November 2008
The fusion of predictions from disparate models has been used in several fields to obtain a more realistic and robust estimate of the "ground truth" by allowing the models to reinforce each other when consensus exists, or, conversely, negate each other whe ...
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Journal ArticlePhys Med Biol · March 21, 2008
The goal of this work is to build the foundation for facilitating real-time magnetic resonance image guided patient treatment for heating systems with a large number of physical sources (e.g. antennas). Achieving this goal requires knowledge of how the tem ...
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Journal ArticlePhys Med Biol · January 7, 2008
This work investigates the use of the self-organizing map (SOM) technique for predicting lung radiation pneumonitis (RP) risk. SOM is an effective method for projecting and visualizing high-dimensional data in a low-dimensional space (map). By projecting p ...
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ConferenceMedical Physics · January 1, 2008
Purpose: Combining the results of methodologically different models (decision fusion) has been shown to yield a fused result that more truthfully represents the underlying phenomenon, compared to the individual models. In this work, we study the effect of ...
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ConferenceMedical Physics · January 1, 2008
Purpose: To predict radiation‐induced cardiac perfusion defects using a fusion model that combines the results of four separate models: feed‐forward neural networks (NNET), self‐organizing maps (SOM), support vector machines (SVM), and multivariate adaptiv ...
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ConferenceMedical Physics · January 1, 2008
Purpose: Though hyperthermia shows promising features being used with radiation and chemotherapy, it requires accurate spatial power focusing, which leads a workload proportional to square of number of antennas in an applicator. This motivates this investi ...
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ConferenceMedical Physics · January 1, 2008
Purpose: The IMRT treatment planning optimization process typically follows one, somewhat arbitrary, path, based on the manner in which the planner changes the optimization constraints/weights during planning. Thus, the planner usually never fully understa ...
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ConferenceMedical Physics · January 1, 2008
Purpose: Using an on‐board cone‐beam CT (CBCT) based statistical margin model to determine whether a prostate center‐of‐mass (COM) based translation correction procedure can significantly reduce the CTV‐to‐PTV margin required for prostate patients who were ...
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ConferenceMedical Physics · January 1, 2008
Purpose: To quantitatively assess the relationship between intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT)‐driven sparing of dose to normal tissues located “within” concave targets with (1) heterogeneity in dose delivered to the target and (2) redistribution of do ...
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ConferenceMedical Physics · January 1, 2008
Purpose: Cancerous cells are infiltrative and can invade neighborhood and/or distant body. While hyperthermia shows promising synergistic effects being used with radiation and/or chemotherapy, current microwave/radiofrequency power focusing techniques only ...
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ConferenceMedical Physics · January 1, 2008
Purpose: Hyperthermia is an effective adjuvant modality for treatment of locally advanced cancer. However, focusing heat in the tumor using an external microwave applicator can be difficult, due to electromagnetic wave reflections at tissue interfaces. We ...
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Journal ArticleBrachytherapy · 2008
PURPOSE: To assess the correlation of postimplant dosimetric quantifiers with biochemical control of prostate cancer after low-dose-rate brachytherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Generalized equivalent uniform dose (EUD), dose in Gy to 90% of the prostate glan ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Hyperthermia · November 2007
PURPOSE: Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is increasingly being utilized to visualize the 3D temperature distribution in patients during treatment with hyperthermia or thermal ablation therapy. The goal of this work is to lay the foundation for improving th ...
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Journal ArticleMed Phys · October 2007
The purpose of this study is to build and test a support vector machine (SVM) model to predict for the occurrence of lung radiation-induced Grade 2+ pneumonitis. SVM is a sophisticated statistical technique capable of separating the two categories of patie ...
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Journal ArticleMed Phys · September 2007
A feed-forward neural network was investigated to predict the occurrence of lung radiation-induced Grade 2+ pneumonitis. The database consisted of 235 patients with lung cancer treated using radiotherapy, of whom 34 were diagnosed with Grade 2+ pneumonitis ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys · July 15, 2007
PURPOSE: To develop and test a model to predict for lung radiation-induced Grade 2+ pneumonitis. METHODS AND MATERIALS: The model was built from a database of 234 lung cancer patients treated with radiotherapy (RT), of whom 43 were diagnosed with pneumonit ...
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Journal ArticleMed Phys · July 2007
Traditional methods to compute the tumor control probability (TCP) or normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) typically require a heterogeneous radiation dose distribution to be converted into a simple uniform dose distribution with an equivalent bio ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys · March 1, 2007
PURPOSE: To assess the utility of the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) as a predictor of symptomatic radiation-induced pneumonitis (RP). METHODS: As part of a prospective trial to study radiation-induced lung injury, 53 patients receiving thoracic radiotherapy (R ...
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Journal ArticleMedical Physics · January 1, 2007
Purpose: To build and test a Support Vector Machine (SVM) model to predict the occurrence of lung radiation‐induced Grade 2+ pneumonitis. SVM is a sophisticated statistical technique that is capable of using complex hypersurfaces to separate the cases with ...
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Journal ArticleMedical Physics · January 1, 2007
Purpose: To determine the geometric and dosimetric accuracy of MRI‐based IMRT treatment plan for patients with prostate, brain, and head and neck cancers. Methods and Material: CT simulation images were obtained for prostate, brain and head and neck cancer ...
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ConferenceMedical Physics · January 1, 2007
Purpose: To evaluate the dosimetric improvement of IMRT treatment plans generated with patient‐specific margins compared to uniform margins for prostate cancer patients. Methods and Materials: For 13 prostate cancer patients who underwent IMRT treatment, d ...
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ConferenceMedical Physics · January 1, 2007
Purpose: Develop a model that augments the dose‐based parametric Lyman NTCP formulation using non‐parametric decision trees that can additionally account for the influence of non‐dose variables. Apply and test the model to predict Grade 2+ lung radiotherap ...
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ConferenceMedical Physics · January 1, 2007
Purpose: Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) provides a spatial distribution map of lung perfusion. Previously, an algorithmic methodology was developed using IMRT and SPECT guidance to deliberately divert dose away from higher functioning ( ...
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ConferenceMedical Physics · January 1, 2007
Objective: The true dose distribution is subject to change due to organ shifts and also deformations. The goal of this work is to estimate the effect of the elastic organ deformations on the dose distribution for the average prostate IMRT treatment. Method ...
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ConferenceMedical Physics · January 1, 2007
Purpose: To build and test a feed‐forward neural network model to predict the occurrence of lung radiation‐induced Grade 2+ pneumonitis. Method and Materials: The database comprised 235 patients with lung cancer treated using radiotherapy (34 diagnosed wit ...
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ConferenceMedical Physics · January 1, 2007
Purpose: Radiation pneumonitis (RP) is a major concern for patients receiving radiotherapy for lung cancer. The present study assesses the possibility of using multiple dose‐volume‐histogram (DVH) based metrics to predict the likelihood of grade ⩾ 2 RP. MA ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys · December 1, 2006
PURPOSE: Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) provides a map of the spatial distribution of lung perfusion. Thus, SPECT guidance can be used to divert dose away from higher-functioning lung, potentially reducing lung toxicity. We present a me ...
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Journal ArticleSemin Radiat Oncol · April 2006
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Oligometastases refer to metastases that are limited in number and location and are amenable to regional treatment. The majority of these metastases appear in the brain, lung, liver, and bone. Although the focus of interest in the past within radiation onc ...
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ConferenceMedical Physics · January 1, 2006
Purpose: Since radiotherapy treatments only utilize a limited number of beams, it is important that these beams be carefully selected to extract maximum benefit. Here we propose a novel, fast, scheme that selects beam number and orientations for IMRT with ...
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ConferenceMedical Physics · January 1, 2006
Purpose: To evaluate the dosimetric consequence of 3D positioning verification for prostate IMRT treatment using CBCT. Method and Materials: Patients in this study were repositioned using 2D orthogonal radiographic images, taken prior to treatment to match ...
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ConferenceMedical Physics · January 1, 2006
Purpose: A novel imaging based model is proposed to describe the stochastic nature of the shape and location of a volume of interest (VOI). Based on the VOIs in sequential patient images, the model can predict the probability that a specific point will bel ...
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ConferenceMedical Physics · January 1, 2006
Purpose: To implement a clinical tool for off‐line review of Cone‐Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) based 3D target verification and localization. Methods and Materials: An in‐house 3D target localization and verification tool is being developed to allow phy ...
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ConferenceMedical Physics · January 1, 2006
Purpose: Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) provides a map of the spatial distribution of lung perfusion. Thus, SPECT guidance can be used to deliberately divert dose away from higher functioning lung, thereby potentially reducing lung toxi ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Hyperthermia · November 2005
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Effective thermal therapy for cancer is dependent on adequate tumor heating. Adequate heating, in turn, is dependent on reliable volumetric measurement of temperature to guide heating. Proton resonance frequency shift (PRFS) magnetic resonance imaging is f ...
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Journal ArticleMedical Physics · January 1, 2005
Purpose: To develop a clinical tool that incorporates novel strategies to optimize all involved parameters in IMRT treatment planning: (a) the number of beams, (b) beam orientations, and (c) fluence maps. Method and Materials: An IMRT planning tool was dev ...
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Journal ArticleMed Phys · January 2005
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The purpose of this work is to compare the efficacy of mathematical models in predicting the occurrence of radiotherapy-induced left ventricular perfusion defects assessed using single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). The basis of this study is ...
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ConferenceMedical Physics · January 1, 2005
Purpose: To quantify the degree of normal organ motion due to the respiratory and cardiac cycles. Better definition of such motion may be useful in defining field margins and in assessing the utility of gating technologies. Method and Materials: Four healt ...
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Journal ArticleMed Phys · September 2004
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The generalized equivalent uniform dose (GEUD) model uses a power-law formalism, where the outcome is related to the dose via a power law. We herein investigate the mathematical compatibility between this GEUD model and the Poisson statistics based tumor c ...
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Journal ArticleMed Phys · August 2004
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A novel iterative penalized likelihood algorithm with evolutionary components for the optimization of beamlet fluences for intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) is presented. This algorithm is designed to be flexible in terms of the objective functi ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys · June 1, 2004
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PURPOSE: To develop an algorithm for optimal beam arrangement selection in intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) of mixed photon and electron beams. To apply this algorithm to study the utility of modulated electron beams in the context of IMRT planning. ...
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Journal ArticleMed Phys · June 2004
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The information provided by functional images may be used to guide radiotherapy planning by identifying regions that require higher radiation dose. In this work we investigate the dosimetric feasibility of delivering dose to lung tumors in proportion to th ...
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Journal ArticlePhys Med Biol · May 7, 2004
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Advances in the fields of IMRT and functional imaging have greatly increased the prospect of escalating the dose to highly active or hypoxic tumour sub-volumes and steering the dose away from highly functional critical structure regions. However, current c ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics American College of Medical Physics · January 1, 2004
External beam radiotherapy is commonly used for patients with cancer. While tumor shrinkage and palliation are frequently achieved, local control and cure remain elusive for many cancers. With regard to local control, the fundamental problem is that radiot ...
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Journal ArticleJ Appl Clin Med Phys · 2004
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External beam radiotherapy is commonly used for patients with cancer. While tumor shrinkage and palliation are frequently achieved, local control and cure remain elusive for many cancers. With regard to local control, the fundamental problem is that radiot ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys · January 1, 2003
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PURPOSE: To develop an automated beam-orientation selection procedure for intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), and to determine if a small number of beams picked by this automated procedure can yield results comparable to a large number of manually pla ...
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Journal ArticleMed Phys · December 2002
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A steepest-descent gradient algorithm is developed to optimize the stepping of a 90Sr/90Y radiation source train (RST) for intravascular brachytherapy (IVB). The objective function is to deliver a uniform dose in a coronary target vessel and minimize the d ...
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Journal ArticleASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition Proceedings · January 1, 2002
Thermal modeling for hyperthermia breast patients can provide relevant information to better understand the temperatures achieved during treatment. However, human breast is much perfiased, making knowledge of the perfusion crucial to the accuracy of the te ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys · November 1, 2001
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PURPOSE: To relate lung dose-volume histogram-based factors to symptomatic radiation pneumonitis (RP) in patients with lung cancer undergoing 3-dimensional (3D) radiotherapy planning. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Between 1991 and 1999, 318 patients with lung can ...
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Journal ArticleMed Phys · November 2001
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The success of hyperthermia treatments is dependent on thermal dose distribution. However, the three-dimensional temperature distribution remains largely unknown. Without this knowledge, the relationship between thermal dose and outcome is noisy, and thera ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys · July 15, 2001
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PURPOSE: To examine the acute urinary toxicity following transperineal prostate implant using a modified Quimby loading method with regard to time course, severity, and factors that may be associated with a higher incidence of morbidity. METHODS AND MATERI ...
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Journal ArticleIEEE Trans Biomed Eng · April 2001
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It has been shown that the perfusion of blood in tumor tissue can be approximated using the relative perfusion index determined from dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DE-MRI) of the tumor blood pool. Also, it was concluded in a previous ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Hyperthermia · 2001
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is an attractive method of temperature monitoring in vivo due to its non-invasive nature. The natural extension of this temperature monitoring is to implement temperature control. This work outlines a method of MRI-based th ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Hyperthermia · 2001
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Essential to the success of optimized thermal treatment during hyperthermia is accurate modelling. Advection of energy due to blood perfusion significantly affects the temperature. Without accurate estimates of the magnitude of the local tissue blood perfu ...
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Journal ArticleAmerican Society of Mechanical Engineers Heat Transfer Division Publication HTD · January 1, 2001
One of the most important technical aspects in clinical hyperthermia is the ability to measure and/or simulate the 3D temperature fields. Related to that, an essential part is the way in which the complex heat transfer related to vasculature is described. ...
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Journal ArticleAnnual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Proceedings · December 1, 2000
Fractal interpolation functions (FIFs) were used to reconstruct the 3D tumor perfusion data from 2D slices obtained using DE-MRI, as an alternative to the classical interpolation means. Two FIFs techniques were used: the piece-wise self-affine fractal inte ...
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ConferenceASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition Proceedings Imece · January 1, 2000
Essential to the success of optimized thermal treatment duringhyperthermia is accurate modeling. Advection of energy due to bloodperfusion significantly perturbs the temperature and without accurateestimates of the magnitude of the local tissue blood perfu ...
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Journal ArticleAmerican Society of Mechanical Engineers Bioengineering Division Publication BED · December 1, 1999
It has been shown that the fractal dimension of 2D microvascular networks can discriminate between normal vs. tumor tissue (Gazit et al., 1995, 1997). We have determined the fractal characteristics of five 3D microvascular networks and conclude on the corr ...
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Journal ArticleJ Biomech Eng · October 1999
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Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DE-MRI) of the tumor blood pool is used to study tumor tissue perfusion. The results are then analyzed using percolation models. Percolation cluster geometry is depicted using the wash-in component of M ...
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Journal ArticleMed Phys · February 1999
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Hyperthermia temperature optimization involves arriving at a temperature distribution which minimizes a stated goal function, the goal function having a biological basis in maximizing tumor cell kill while not exceeding normal tissue toxicity. This involve ...
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ConferenceASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition Proceedings Imece · January 1, 1999
It has been shown that the fractal dimension of 2D microvascular networks can discriminate between normal vs. tumor tissue (Gazit et al., 1995, 1997). We have determined the fractal characteristics of five 3D microvascular networks and conclude on the corr ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Hyperthermia · 1999
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The optimization of power deposition for electromagnetic (EM) thermal therapy is investigated. Several goal or objective functions are examined using a generalized mathematical formulation. These include maximization of: (1) target power absorption, (2) th ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys · June 1, 1997
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PURPOSE: The design of an appropriate set of multiple fixed fields to achieve a steep dose gradient at the tumor edge, with minimal normal tissue exposure, is a very difficult problem, since a virtually infinite number of possible beam orientations exists. ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Hyperthermia · 1996
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While a great deal of effort has been applied toward solving the technical problems associated with modelling clinical hyperthermia treatments, much of that effort has focused on only estimating the power deposition. Little effort has been applied toward u ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys · December 1, 1995
PURPOSE: Three-dimensional (3D) geometric conformation of the therapeutic dose volume to the shape of a target tissue volume is the motivation for both conformal radiotherapy and radiosurgery. Although noncoplanar arcs have a clear physical and geometric a ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Hyperthermia · 1995
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Simulation of hyperthermia induced power and temperature distributions is becoming generally accepted and finding its way into clinical hyperthermia treatments. Such simulations provide a means for understanding the complete three-dimensional temperature d ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Hyperthermia · 1995
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A finite element gridding method for simulating electromagnetically (EM) induced hyperthermia is presented. The method uses patient CT data as its primary input, with critical structures manually outlined (on a graphics workstation) for explicit demarcatio ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Hyperthermia · 1994
Two areas of technical progress related to hyperthermic oncology are presented: (1) numerical modelling of absorbed power and temperature distributions; and (2) non-invasive thermometry using magnetic resonance imaging. The results represent achievements m ...
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Journal ArticleJ Microw Power Electromagn Energy · 1994
Multiple door interlock switches in commercial microwave ovens are designed to prevent accidental exposure and injury. We report a) heating rate (degree/sec) measurements in a phantom of the human upper extremity in a 2450 MHz microwave oven having interlo ...
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Journal ArticleComputational Mechanics · July 1, 1989
If and when the time variation of optimal controls of a linear system subject to known forces is required, they can be obtained by the computationally advantageous open loop Volterra formulation (as opposed to the costlier Riccati formulation). For the com ...
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