Scholars@Duke
Brandon A. Kohrt

Brandon A. Kohrt

Adjunct Professor in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
Psychiatry, Child & Family Mental Health & Community Psychiatry

Selected Publications

Facilitators in treatment pathways for depression or anxiety among adults in Nepal: a qualitative study.

Journal Article BMC Public Health · June 2, 2025 BACKGROUND: Depression and anxiety are prevalent mental health issues globally, yet many individuals in low- and middle-income countries lack access to treatment. Limited research exists on mental health service utilization in these regions. Understanding ... Full text Link to item Cite

Treatment of depression by traditional faith healers in Nepal: A qualitative study

Journal Article Ssm Mental Health · June 1, 2025 This study explored the assessment and treatment practices of traditional faith healers for patients with depression, as well as their beliefs about the causes of depression, in Nepal. In-depth interviews were conducted using a narrative approach to allow ... Full text Cite

Data gaps in prevalence rates of mental health conditions around the world: a retrospective analysis of nationally representative data.

Journal Article Lancet Glob Health · May 2025 BACKGROUND: Mental health conditions contribute substantially to the global burden of disease, affecting quality of life and leading to increased health-care expenses and mortality. Accurate data on the prevalence and correlates of these disorders are cruc ... Full text Link to item Cite

An App-Based WHO Mental Health Guide for Depression Detection: A Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial.

Journal Article JAMA Netw Open · May 1, 2025 IMPORTANCE: Depression detection in primary care remains limited in low- and middle-income countries despite increasing use of the World Health Organization Mental Health Gap Action Programme-Intervention Guide (mhGAP-IG). OBJECTIVE: To test an app version ... Full text Link to item Cite

Improving outcomes for people who are homeless and have severe mental illness in Ethiopia, Ghana and Kenya: overview of the HOPE programme.

Journal Article Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci · April 21, 2025 AIM: HOPE (National Institute for Health and Care Research Global Health Research Group on Homelessness and Mental Health in Africa) aims to develop and evaluate interventions that address the unmet needs of people who are homeless and have severe mental i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Predicting the incidence of depression in adolescence using a sociodemographic risk score: prospective follow-up of the IDEA-RiSCo study.

Journal Article BMJ Ment Health · April 12, 2025 BACKGROUND: Adolescence constitutes a critical window for preventing depression, but efforts have mostly targeted single risk factors. The Identifying Depression Early in Adolescence Risk Score (IDEA-RS) integrates easily obtainable sociodemographic variab ... Full text Link to item Cite

Six-Week Problem Area-Concordant vs 8-Week Problem Area-Discordant Group Interpersonal Psychotherapy: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Journal Article JAMA Netw Open · April 1, 2025 IMPORTANCE: Depression is a prevalent mental health condition contributing to morbidity worldwide. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends group-based interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT-G) for first-line depression treatment in resource-constrained se ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sex-Specific Alterations of the Kynurenine Pathway in Association With Risk for and Remission of Depression in Adolescence.

Journal Article Biol Psychiatry · February 13, 2025 BACKGROUND: The imbalance between neurotoxic and neuroprotective metabolites of the kynurenine pathway has been implicated in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD) in adulthood but has not been fully investigated among adolescents. In this ... Full text Link to item Cite

Feasibility and Applicability of Implementing the Framework for Comprehensive Understanding of Structural Stigma in Mental Healthcare Systems: A Case Example of Nepal.

Journal Article Health Expect · February 2025 INTRODUCTION: Mental health-related structural stigma is a multifaceted issue that significantly impacts access to quality mental healthcare, particularly in low-resource settings like Nepal. Therefore, there is a clear need to understand the complexities ... Full text Link to item Cite

Is there a mental health diagnostic crisis in primary care? Current research practices in global mental health cannot answer that question.

Journal Article Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci · January 30, 2025 In low- and middle-income countries, fewer than 1 in 10 people with mental health conditions are estimated to be accurately diagnosed in primary care. This is despite more than 90 countries providing mental health training for primary healthcare workers in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Competency-based training and supervision: development of the WHO-UNICEF Ensuring Quality in Psychosocial and Mental Health Care (EQUIP) initiative.

Journal Article Lancet Psychiatry · January 2025 Globally, there has not been a standardised approach to ensure that the growing number of people who are not licensed clinicians but are delivering psychological interventions and mental health services have the competencies to deliver those interventions ... Full text Link to item Cite

Data-driven supervision to optimize the effectiveness of proactive case detection for mental health care among children: a proof-of-concept study.

Journal Article Glob Ment Health (Camb) · 2025 This proof-of-concept study evaluated an optimization strategy for the Community Case Detection Tool (CCDT) aimed at improving community-level mental health detection and help-seeking among children aged 6-18 years. The optimization strategy, CCDT+, combin ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cultural adaptation process of six stigma assessment scales among Kannada speaking population in South India.

Journal Article Glob Ment Health (Camb) · 2025 For several years stigma researchers in India have relied on Western instruments or semi-structured stigma scales in their studies. However, these scales have not been rigorously translated and adapted to the local cultural framework. In the current study, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Development of a mental health-related structural stigma measurement framework in the healthcare system setting: A modified Delphi study.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2025 INTRODUCTION: There is a worldwide dearth in literature on the nature, causes, and consequences of structural stigma in mental healthcare. This study aimed to address this gap by exploring key components for measuring structural stigma in healthcare system ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assessment of key interviewing factors for research assistants (AKIRA): development of a novel training and evaluation competency-based tool for mental health data collection in community settings

Other Frontiers in Education · January 1, 2025 Data quality is critical in mental health research, yet there is considerable variability in the training and preparation of those involved in data collection. Individuals with limited research training often play a central role in collecting data and, to ... Full text Cite

Expanding the Non-Clinical Mental Health Workforce: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial of a Psychological Intervention Delivered by Community-Based Organizations in New York City (RECOUP-NY)

Journal Article Psychiatric Research and Clinical Practice · January 1, 2025 Objective: In 2022, half a million residents of New York City reported being unable to access mental health services. One solution to combat this service gap is community-initiated care (CIC), in which staff, who are not mental health specialists, at commu ... Full text Cite

"If I tell you my problems, how will you perceive me?": A qualitative study of mental health knowledge, barriers, and opportunities for care among Kenyan adolescents during COVID-19.

Journal Article PloS one · January 2025 IntroductionThe majority of the world's adolescents live in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). However, there is a dearth of knowledge about adolescents' perspectives on mental health and sources of distress there. Therefore, a qualitative s ... Full text Cite

Addressing "what matters most" to reduce mental health stigma in primary healthcare settings: a qualitative study in Lebanon.

Journal Article BMC Prim Care · December 19, 2024 BACKGROUND: "What matters most" (WMM) is a theoretical framework based on medical anthropology and draws on cultural concepts of values and morals. It has been employed to identify cross-cultural aspects of mental health stigma. This approach assists pract ... Full text Link to item Cite

Engaging husbands in a digital mental health intervention to provide tailored counseling for women experiencing postpartum depression: A mixed methods study in Nepal

Journal Article Ssm Mental Health · December 1, 2024 Background: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common experience among mothers worldwide. Family members, especially husbands, can play an integral role in supporting and helping mothers recover from PPD. However, husbands are typically not included in inter ... Full text Cite

A case study of the development of a valid and pragmatic implementation science measure: the Barriers and Facilitators in Implementation of Task-Sharing Mental Health interventions (BeFITS-MH) measure.

Journal Article BMC Health Serv Res · November 6, 2024 BACKGROUND: Few implementation science (IS) measures have been evaluated for validity, reliability and utility - the latter referring to whether a measure captures meaningful aspects of implementation contexts. We present a real-world case study of rigorou ... Full text Link to item Cite

Data-Driven Cutoff Selection for the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Depression Screening Tool.

Journal Article JAMA Netw Open · November 4, 2024 IMPORTANCE: Test accuracy studies often use small datasets to simultaneously select an optimal cutoff score that maximizes test accuracy and generate accuracy estimates. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the degree to which using data-driven methods to simultaneously ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comparing implementation strategies for training and supervising nonspecialists in Group Problem Management Plus: A hybrid effectiveness-implementation trial in Colombia

Journal Article Global Mental Health · October 22, 2024 Migrants and refugees face elevated risks for mental health problems but have limited access to services. This study compared two strategies for training and supervising nonspecialists to deliver a scalable psychological intervention, Group Problem Managem ... Full text Cite

Systematic Review and Meta-Synthesis: How Is Depression Experienced by Adolescents? A Synthesis of the Qualitative Literature.

Journal Article J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry · October 2024 OBJECTIVE: To systematically investigate how youth with lived experience report their experience of depression in terms of features of depression and in relation to themselves and their environment. METHOD: We conducted a systematic review of qualitative r ... Full text Link to item Cite

A community case detection tool to promote help-seeking for mental health care among children and adolescents in Ugandan refugee settlements: a stepped wedge cluster randomised trial.

Journal Article Lancet Child Adolesc Health · August 2024 BACKGROUND: Strategies to promote mental health care help-seeking among children are needed, especially in low-income and middle-income countries and in complex settings. The aim of this trial was to compare a vignette-based, community-level, proactive cas ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mutual capacity building model for adaptation (MCB-MA): a seven-step procedure bidirectional learning and support during intervention adaptation.

Journal Article Glob Health Res Policy · July 2, 2024 Global health reciprocal innovation emphasizes the movement of technologies or interventions between high- and low-income countries to address a shared public health problem, in contrast to unidirectional models of "development aid" or "reverse innovation" ... Full text Link to item Cite

Translation, cultural adaptation and validation of Patient Health Questionnaire and generalized anxiety disorder among adolescents in Nepal.

Journal Article Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health · June 19, 2024 BACKGROUND: Depression and anxiety are significant contributors to the global burden of disease among young people. Accurate data on the prevalence of these conditions are crucial for the equitable distribution of resources for planning and implementing ef ... Full text Link to item Cite

Integration of passive sensing technology to enhance delivery of psychological interventions for mothers with depression: the StandStrong study.

Journal Article Sci Rep · June 12, 2024 Psychological interventions delivered by non-specialist providers have shown mixed results for treating maternal depression. mHealth solutions hold the possibility for unobtrusive behavioural data collection to identify challenges and reinforce change in p ... Full text Link to item Cite

Perspectives on competency-based feedback for training non-specialists to deliver psychological interventions: multi-site qualitative study of the EQUIP competency-based approach.

Journal Article BJPsych Open · June 3, 2024 BACKGROUND: The use of feedback to address gaps and reinforce skills is a key component of successful competency-based mental health and psychosocial support intervention training approaches. Competency-based feedback during training and supervision for pe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Inflammation and immune system pathways as biological signatures of adolescent depression-the IDEA-RiSCo study.

Journal Article Transl Psychiatry · June 1, 2024 The biological mechanisms underlying the onset of major depressive disorder (MDD) have predominantly been studied in adult populations from high-income countries, despite the onset of depression typically occurring in adolescence and the majority of the wo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prevalence of depression and associated symptoms among patients attending primary healthcare facilities: a cross-sectional study in Nepal.

Journal Article BMC Psychiatry · May 14, 2024 BACKGROUND: Depression is a prevalent mental health condition worldwide but there is limited data on its presentation and associated symptoms in primary care settings in low- and middle-income countries like Nepal. This study aims to assess the prevalence ... Full text Link to item Cite

Understanding mental health stigma and discrimination in Ethiopia: A qualitative study

Journal Article Global Mental Health · April 30, 2024 Background Stigma is significantly impacted by cultural and contextual value systems. People with mental health conditions frequently have to deal with the condition itself and the associated stigma and discrimination. Contextual understanding is essential ... Full text Cite

Self-reported social media use by adolescents in Brazil: a school-based survey.

Journal Article Trends Psychiatry Psychother · 2024 OBJECTIVE: Although there is a general perception that adolescent social media use is a global phenomenon, there is a scarcity of data on patterns and preferences of social media use among youth in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We here describe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cultural adaptation of INDIGO mental health stigma reduction interventions using an ecological validity model in north India

Journal Article Frontiers in Psychiatry · January 1, 2024 Background: The International Study of Discrimination and Stigma Outcomes (INDIGO) Partnership is a multi-country international research program in seven sites across five low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in Africa and Asia to develop, contextually ... Full text Cite

Establishing partnerships with people with lived experience of mental illness for stigma reduction in low- and middle-income settings.

Journal Article Glob Ment Health (Camb) · 2024 Social contact refers to the facilitation of connection and interactions between people with and without mental health conditions. It can be achieved, for example, through people sharing their lived experience of mental health conditions, which is an effec ... Full text Link to item Cite

No prediction without prevention: A global qualitative study of attitudes toward using a prediction tool for risk of developing depression during adolescence.

Journal Article Glob Ment Health (Camb) · 2024 Given the rate of advancement in predictive psychiatry, there is a threat that it outpaces public and professional willingness for use in clinical care and public health. Prediction tools in psychiatry estimate the risk of future development of mental heal ... Full text Link to item Cite

The impact of task-sharing scalable mental health interventions on non-specialist providers: a scoping review.

Journal Article Glob Ment Health (Camb) · 2024 Task-sharing approaches that train non-specialist providers (NSPs), people without specialized clinical training, are increasingly utilized to address the global mental health treatment gap. This review consolidates findings from peer reviewed articles on ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sociocultural Anthropology Models of Mental Function and Behavior

Chapter · January 1, 2024 This chapter provides a historical overview of anthropological research in the field of mental health. The historical legacies of colonialism influenced early perceptioce of mental illness cross-culturally. Understanding this history can be helpful to heed ... Full text Cite

Competency of primary care providers to assess and manage suicide risk in Nepal: The role of emotional validation and invalidation techniques

Journal Article Ssm Mental Health · December 15, 2023 Screening for suicide risk in primary care settings is a recommended strategy worldwide for suicide prevention. However, few studies examine which clinical behaviors on the part of primary care providers are most predictive of competency in suicide risk as ... Full text Cite

Adapting and piloting a social contact-based intervention to reduce mental health stigma among primary care providers: Protocol for a multi-site feasibility study

Journal Article Ssm Mental Health · December 15, 2023 Stigma among primary care providers (PCPs) is a barrier to successful integration of mental health services in primary healthcare settings globally. Therefore, cross-culturally adaptable and feasible strategies are needed to reduce stigma among PCPs. This ... Full text Cite

Experience of primary healthcare workers in using the mobile app-based WHO mhGAP intervention guide in detection and treatment of people with mental disorders: A qualitative study in Nepal.

Journal Article SSM Ment Health · December 15, 2023 This study assessed perception and experience of trained primary health care workers in using a mobile app-based version of the WHO mental health gap action programme (mhGAP) Intervention Guide in the assessment and management of people with mental health ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mental health-related structural stigma and discrimination in health and social policies in Nepal: A scoping review and synthesis.

Journal Article Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci · December 13, 2023 AIMS: National policies can be used to reveal structural stigma and discrimination in relation to mental health. This review assesses how structural stigma and discrimination are manifested in the policies and legislations of Government of Nepal. METHODS: ... Full text Link to item Cite

Practitioners' perspectives on preparing for and delivering remote psychological support in Nepal, Perú and the United States during COVID-19.

Journal Article Psychol Psychother · December 2023 INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic has propelled a global paradigm shift in how psychological support is delivered. Remote delivery, through phone and video calls, is now commonplace around the world. However, most adoption of remote delivery methods is o ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sex-specific inflammatory markers of risk and presence of depression in adolescents.

Journal Article J Affect Disord · December 1, 2023 BACKGROUND: Associations between inflammatory markers and depression are reported among adults; however, less is known in adolescent depression in particular whether these associations are sex-specific. We aimed to identify inflammatory markers of increase ... Full text Link to item Cite

Strengthening self-regulation and reducing poverty to prevent adolescent depression and anxiety: Rationale, approach and methods of the ALIVE interdisciplinary research collaboration in Colombia, Nepal and South Africa.

Journal Article Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · December 2023 AimsDepression and anxiety are the leading contributors to the global burden of disease among young people, accounting for over a third (34.8%) of years lived with disability. Yet there is limited evidence for interventions that prevent adolescent ... Full text Cite

The PhotoVoice method for collaborating with people with lived experience of mental health conditions to strengthen mental health services

Journal Article Global Mental Health · November 20, 2023 There is a growing recognition of the benefits of collaborating with people with lived experience (PWLE) of mental health conditions in mental health research and implementation of services. Such collaboration has been effective in reducing mental health s ... Full text Cite

Global health reciprocal innovation to address mental health and well-being: strategies used and lessons learnt.

Journal Article BMJ Glob Health · November 2023 Over the past two decades there have been major advances in the development of interventions promoting mental health and well-being in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), including delivery of care by non-specialist providers, incorporation of mobile ... Full text Link to item Cite

Protocol for a Randomized Hybrid Type 2 Trial on the Implementation of Group Problem Management Plus (PM+) for Venezuelan Women Refugees and Migrants in Colombia

Journal Article Intervention · October 1, 2023 Background: Task-sharing interventions have shown to be feasible and effective in reducing symptoms of psychological distress. Research is currently needed on how task-shared interventions can be sustained with less-intensive technical support from mental ... Full text Cite

Incremental Cost Analysis of Training of Trainers and Helpers in Problem Management Plus (PM+) Using an Ensuring Quality in Psychological Support (EQUIP) Competency-based Approach in Nepal

Journal Article Intervention · October 1, 2023 We estimated incremental costs of a competency-based Problem Management Plus (PM+) training of trainers (ToT) and training of helpers (TOH), guided by the World Health Organization (WHO)/United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF) Ensur ... Full text Cite

Transforming mental health systems globally: principles and policy recommendations.

Journal Article Lancet · August 19, 2023 A burgeoning mental health crisis is emerging globally, regardless of each country's human resources or spending. We argue that effectively responding to this crisis is impeded by the dominant framing of mental ill health through the prism of diagnostic ca ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assessing Mood With the Identifying Depression Early in Adolescence Chatbot (IDEABot): Development and Implementation Study.

Journal Article JMIR Hum Factors · August 7, 2023 BACKGROUND: Mental health status assessment is mostly limited to clinical or research settings, but recent technological advances provide new opportunities for measurement using more ecological approaches. Leveraging apps already in use by individuals on t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ethnographic Methods for Identifying Cultural Concepts of Distress: Developing Reliable and Valid Measures

Journal Article Field Methods · August 1, 2023 We review ethnographic methods that allow researchers to assess distress in a culturally sensitive manner. We begin with an overview of standardized biomedical and psychological approaches to assessing distress cross-culturally. We then focus on literature ... Full text Cite

Sustainable Partnerships to Ensure Quality in Psychological Support (EQUIP) for Adolescents.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · July 1, 2023 Ensuring that sustainable and effective mental health services are available for children and adolescents is a growing priority for national governments. However, little guidance exists on how to support service implementation. In Kenya, partnerships were ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pretraining Skills as Predictors of Competence of Nonspecialists in Delivery of Mental Health Services.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · June 1, 2023 OBJECTIVE: Task-shared delivery of mental health care, which includes training people who are not mental health specialists to deliver components of care, has been identified as a core strategy for increasing access to mental health care globally. However, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mental health and psychosocial support in humanitarian settings: research priorities for 2021-30.

Journal Article Lancet Glob Health · June 2023 We describe an effort to develop a consensus-based research agenda for mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) interventions in humanitarian settings for 2021-30. By engaging a broad group of stakeholders, we generated research questions through a q ... Full text Link to item Cite

Gone Too Soon: priorities for action to prevent premature mortality associated with mental illness and mental distress.

Journal Article Lancet Psychiatry · June 2023 Globally, too many people die prematurely from suicide and the physical comorbidities associated with mental illness and mental distress. The purpose of this Review is to mobilise the translation of evidence into prioritised actions that reduce this inequi ... Full text Link to item Cite

An MRI-based morphometric and structural covariance network study of Brazilian adolescents stratified by depression risk.

Journal Article Braz J Psychiatry · May 27, 2023 OBJECTIVE: To explore differences in regional cortical morphometric structure between adolescents at risk for depression or with current depression. METHODS: We analyzed cross-sectional structural neuroimaging data from a sample of 150 Brazilian adolescent ... Full text Link to item Cite

Adolescent depression beyond DSM definition: a network analysis.

Journal Article Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry · May 2023 Calls for refining the understanding of depression beyond diagnostic criteria have been growing in recent years. We examined the prevalence and relevance of DSM and non-DSM depressive symptoms in two Brazilian school-based adolescent samples with two commo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mental health related stigma, service provision and utilization in Northern India: situational analysis.

Journal Article Int J Ment Health Syst · April 27, 2023 Stigma, discrimination, poor help seeking, dearth of mental health professionals, inadequate services and facilities all adversely impact the mental health treatment gap. Service utilization by the community is influenced by cultural beliefs and literacy l ... Full text Link to item Cite

Integrating neuroscience in psychiatry: a cultural-ecosocial systemic approach.

Journal Article Lancet Psychiatry · April 2023 Psychiatry has increasingly adopted explanations for psychopathology that are based on neurobiological reductionism. With the recognition of health disparities and the realisation that someone's postcode can be a better predictor of health outcomes than th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Psychosocial Peer Support to Address Mental Health and Burnout of Health Care Workers Affected by COVID-19: A Qualitative Evaluation.

Journal Article Int J Environ Res Public Health · March 3, 2023 Health care workers in the U.S. are experiencing alarming rates of burnout. Furthermore, the COVID-19 pandemic has worsened this issue. Psychosocial peer-support programs that address general distress and are tailored to health care systems are needed. A C ... Full text Link to item Cite

Identifying Core Competencies for Remote Delivery of Psychological Interventions: A Rapid Review.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · March 1, 2023 OBJECTIVE: The COVID-19 pandemic led to a rapid shift toward remote delivery of psychological interventions and transition to voice-only and video communication platforms. However, agreement is lacking on key competencies that are aligned with equitable ap ... Full text Link to item Cite

Toward a multi-level strategy to reduce stigma in global mental health: overview protocol of the Indigo Partnership to develop and test interventions in low- and middle-income countries.

Journal Article Int J Ment Health Syst · February 3, 2023 There is increasing attention to the impacts of stigma and discrimination related to mental health on quality of life and access to and quality of healthcare. Effective strategies for stigma reduction exist, but most evidence comes from high-income setting ... Full text Link to item Cite

Climate-related shocks and other stressors associated with depression and anxiety in Bangladesh: a nationally representative panel study.

Journal Article Lancet Planet Health · February 2023 BACKGROUND: Climate change has major implications for common mental disorders including depression and anxiety in vulnerable nations such as Bangladesh. However, knowledge gaps exist around national estimations of depression and anxiety, and the associatio ... Full text Link to item Cite

Accuracy of a Proactive Case Detection Tool for Internalizing and Externalizing Problems Among Children and Adolescents.

Journal Article J Adolesc Health · January 2023 PURPOSE: Lack of identification and referral of children and adolescents with mental health problems contributes to the treatment gap in low- and middle-income countries, and especially in humanitarian settings. The Community Case Detection Tool (CCDT) is ... Full text Link to item Cite

Psychological and contextual risk factors for first-onset depression among adolescents and young people around the globe: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Journal Article Early Interv Psychiatry · January 2023 AIM: Identifying predictors for future onset of depression is crucial to effectively developing preventive interventions. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify risk factors for first-onset depression among adolescents and young peo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Translation and Adaptation of the Revised Children's Anxiety and Depression Scale: A Qualitative Study in Belize.

Journal Article J Adolesc Health · January 2023 BACKGROUND: Adapting data collection instruments using transcultural translation and adaptation processes is essential to ensure that respondents comprehend the items and the original meaning is retained across languages and contexts. This approach is cent ... Full text Link to item Cite

Detecting Depression and Anxiety Among Adolescents in South Africa: Validity of the isiXhosa Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7.

Journal Article J Adolesc Health · January 2023 PURPOSE: Screening tools such as the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) could potentially be used in resource-limited settings to identify adolescents who need mental health support. We examined the criter ... Full text Link to item Cite

Validation of the Kriol and Belizean English Adaptation of the Revised Children's Anxiety and Depression Scale for Use With Adolescents in Belize.

Journal Article J Adolesc Health · January 2023 PURPOSE: To validate a culturally-adapted Kriol and Belizean English version of the Revised Children's Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS) through comparison with clinical diagnoses made using the Kiddie Schedule of Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Validation of the English and Swahili Adaptation of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 for Use Among Adolescents in Kenya.

Journal Article J Adolesc Health · January 2023 PURPOSE: Our study aimed to validate culturally adapted English and Swahili versions of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) for use with adolescents in Kenya. Criterion validity was determined with clinician-administered diagnostic interviews using ... Full text Link to item Cite

Measurement of Mental Health Among Adolescents at the Population Level: A Multicountry Protocol for Adaptation and Validation of Mental Health Measures.

Journal Article The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · January 2023 PurposeMental disorders are among the leading causes of disability among adolescents aged 10-19 years. However, data on prevalence of mental health conditions are extremely sparse across low- and middle-income countries, even though most adolescen ... Full text Cite

Community Initiated Care: A blue-print for the practical realization of contextual behavioral science

Journal Article Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science · January 1, 2023 There is a vast unmet need for mental health care and support in the United States and globally. Although expanding specialty services is needed, this is neither sufficient nor necessary to comprehensively address the current and future demand. Traditional ... Full text Cite

Identifying Depression Early in Adolescence: assessing the performance of a risk score for future onset of depression in an independent Brazilian sample.

Journal Article Braz J Psychiatry · 2023 OBJECTIVE: The Identifying Depression Early in Adolescence Risk Score (IDEA-RS) was recently developed in Brazil using data from the Pelotas 1993 Birth Cohort to estimate the individualized probability of developing depression in adolescence. This model in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Competency Assessment of Non-Specialists Delivering a Psychological Intervention in Lebanon: A Process Evaluation

Journal Article Intervention · January 1, 2023 There is an increasing need to improve the competency and quality of non-specialists delivering psychological interventions. As part of the Ensuring Quality in Psychological Support (EQUIP) initiative, this study evaluates the process of roleplay-based com ... Full text Cite

Transforming mental healthcare in higher education through scalable mental health interventions.

Journal Article Glob Ment Health (Camb) · 2023 A significant number of young people throughout the world are experiencing mental health concerns. Many young people will develop their first mental health concerns or will be managing their symptoms while enrolled in institutions of higher education. Alth ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mentorship in Global Mental Health

Chapter · January 1, 2023 This chapter advocates for a mentorship framework that is not solely focused on individual self-promotion but is grounded in addressing the global gap in equity for access to and use of quality mental health services. Engaging with this global mission can ... Full text Cite

A mixed methods evaluation of a World Health Organization competency-based training package for foundational helping skills among pre-service and in-service health workers in Nepal, Peru and Uganda.

Journal Article Glob Ment Health (Camb) · 2023 Health systems globally demand more competent workers but lack competency-based training programs to reach their goals. This study evaluates the effectiveness of a competency-based curriculum (EQUIP-FHS) for trainers and supervisors to teach foundational h ... Full text Link to item Cite

Perinatal depression and implementation of the "Thinking Healthy program" support intervention in an impoverished setting of Lima, Peru: Assessment before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Journal Article Glob Ment Health (Camb) · 2023 Socios En Salud (SES) implemented the Thinking Healthy program (THP) to support women with perinatal depression before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Lima Norte. We carried out an analysis of the in-person (5 modules) and remote (1 module) THP interve ... Full text Link to item Cite

Development and functioning of the mobile app-based mh-GAP intervention guide in detection and treatment of people with mental health conditions in primary healthcare settings in Nepal.

Journal Article Glob Ment Health (Camb) · 2023 This paper describes the development process of a mobile app-based version of the World Health Organization mental health Gap Action Programme Intervention Guide, testing of the app prototypes, and its functionality in the assessment and management of peop ... Full text Link to item Cite

Integrating EQUIP competency-based training into a university curriculum: a qualitative inquiry with students and faculty at Makerere University in Uganda

Journal Article Frontiers in Education · January 1, 2023 Introduction: Competency-based training has gained prominence in clinical psychology education, emphasizing practical skills acquisition. The EQUIP competency-based approach, recognized for its effectiveness in in-service training, raises questions about i ... Full text Cite

Detection of risk for future depression among adolescents: Stakeholder views of acceptability and feasibility in the United Kingdom.

Journal Article Early Interv Psychiatry · December 2022 AIM: Depression is one of the most common mental illnesses globally and a leading cause of disability. It is often established by late adolescence and thus identifying which adolescents are most at risk is crucial to enable early intervention to prevent de ... Full text Link to item Cite

Challenges in simultaneous validation of mental health screening tools in multiple languages: Adolescent assessments in Hausa and Pidgin in Nigeria.

Journal Article SSM Ment Health · December 2022 BACKGROUND: With growing global recognition of the need to address mental health, a key challenge is determining who needs mental health services. Most self-report screening tools were developed in English-speaking high-income settings, and this cultural m ... Full text Link to item Cite

Defining culturally compelling mental health interventions: A qualitative study of perspectives on adolescent depression in Lagos, Nigeria

Journal Article Ssm Mental Health · December 1, 2022 There is growing policy, practice, and research interest in reducing the treatment gap for adolescent depression in low- and middle-income countries, where 90% of the world's adolescents live. Despite increased efforts for adolescent depression services in ... Full text Cite

Feasibility and Acceptability of a School-Based Emotion Regulation Prevention Intervention (READY-Nepal) for Secondary School Students in Post-Earthquake Nepal.

Journal Article Int J Environ Res Public Health · November 4, 2022 BACKGROUND: Child and adolescent mental health problems are major contributors to the global burden of disease in low- and middle-income country (LMIC) settings. To advance the evidence base for adolescent mental health interventions in LMICs, we evaluated ... Full text Link to item Cite

Identifying adolescents at risk for depression: Assessment of a global prediction model in the Great Smoky Mountains Study.

Journal Article J Psychiatr Res · November 2022 The Identifying Depression Early in Adolescence Risk Score (IDEA-RS) has been externally assessed in samples from four continents, but North America is lacking. Our aim here was to evaluate the performance of the IDEA-RS in predicting future onset of Major ... Full text Link to item Cite

Improving inter-rater reliability of the enhancing assessment of common therapeutic factors (ENACT) measure through training of raters.

Journal Article J Public Health Afr · September 7, 2022 BACKGROUND: As evidence supports task-shifting approaches to reduce the global mental health treatment gap, counselor competency evaluation measures are critical to ensure evidence-based therapies are administered with quality and fidelity. OBJECTIVE: This ... Full text Link to item Cite

ENhancing Assessment of Common Therapeutic factors (ENACT) tool: Adaptation and psychometric properties in South Africa

Journal Article Global Mental Health · August 12, 2022 Background The ENhancing Assessment of Common Therapeutic factors (ENACT) tool measures a set of therapeutic competencies required for the effective psychological intervention, including delivery by non-specialists. This paper describes the systematic adap ... Full text Cite

Mechanisms of action for stigma reduction among primary care providers following social contact with service users and aspirational figures in Nepal: an explanatory qualitative design.

Journal Article Int J Ment Health Syst · August 11, 2022 BACKGROUND: There are increasing initiatives to reduce mental illness stigma among primary care providers (PCPs) being trained in mental health services. However, there is a gap in understanding how stigma reduction initiatives for PCPs produce changes in ... Full text Link to item Cite

External validation of a shortened screening tool using individual participant data meta-analysis: A case study of the Patient Health Questionnaire-Dep-4.

Journal Article Methods · August 2022 Shortened versions of self-reported questionnaires may be used to reduce respondent burden. When shortened screening tools are used, it is desirable to maintain equivalent diagnostic accuracy to full-length forms. This manuscript presents a case study that ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assessing stigma in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review of scales used with children and adolescents.

Journal Article Soc Sci Med · August 2022 INTRODUCTION: Stigmatization contributes to health inequalities, impacting the wellbeing of children and adolescents negatively. Addressing stigmatization requires adequate measurement. Our systematic review synthesizes the content of scales used with chil ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sleep disturbances, circadian activity, and nocturnal light exposure characterize high risk for and current depression in adolescence.

Journal Article Sleep · July 11, 2022 STUDY OBJECTIVES: Major depressive disorder (MDD) in adolescence is associated with irregularities in circadian rhythms and sleep. The characterization of such impairment may be critical to design effective interventions to prevent development of depressio ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evaluation of competency-driven training for facilitators delivering a psychological intervention for children in Lebanon: a proof-of-concept study.

Journal Article Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci · July 11, 2022 AIMS: The mounting evidence for effective delivery of psychological interventions by non-specialists in low- and middle-income settings has led to a rapid expansion of mental health and psychosocial support trainings globally. As such, there is a demand fo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Using participatory action research to pilot a model of service user and caregiver involvement in mental health system strengthening in Ethiopian primary healthcare: a case study.

Journal Article Int J Ment Health Syst · July 11, 2022 BACKGROUND: Little is known about actual involvement or how to achieve service user and caregiver in mental health systems strengthening in low-and middle-income countries. This study describes the processes and explores involvement experiences of particip ... Full text Link to item Cite

Empowerment training to support service user involvement in mental health system strengthening in rural Ethiopia: a mixed-methods pilot study.

Journal Article BMC Health Serv Res · July 8, 2022 BACKGROUND: Increased service user involvement is recommended to improve weak mental health systems in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). However, involvement is rarely implemented and interventions to support involvement are sparse. In this study we ... Full text Link to item Cite

The History of Coordinated Specialty Care for Early Intervention in Psychosis in the United States: A Review of Effectiveness, Implementation, and Fidelity.

Journal Article Community Ment Health J · July 2022 Coordinated Specialty Care (CSC) is a multidisciplinary team approach to providing care for young and emerging adults having their first episode of psychosis. CSC programs have expanded rapidly throughout the United States going from 12 programs in 2008 to ... Full text Link to item Cite

The experience of receiving a diagnosis of depression in adolescence: A pilot qualitative study in Brazil.

Journal Article Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry · July 2022 Receiving a diagnosis of depression can have an important impact on the lives of adolescents. However, there is limited information about how youth tackle, attribute meaning to and understand mental health diagnoses. The aim of this study was to explore ad ... Full text Link to item Cite

Handling missing data in rest-activity time series measured by actimetry.

Journal Article Chronobiol Int · July 2022 A handling procedure of off-wrist episodes in actimetry time series of motor activity is presented using two records (regular vs. irregular sleep-wake cycle and daytime activity) of 14 consecutive days sampled in 1-minute epochs. We generated single missin ... Full text Link to item Cite

Syndemics and clinical science.

Journal Article Nat Med · July 2022 The theory of syndemics has received increasing attention in clinical medicine since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, due to the synergistic interactions of the disease with pre-existing political, structural, social and health conditions. In simple ter ... Full text Link to item Cite

Adolescent perspectives on depression as a disease of loneliness: a qualitative study with youth and other stakeholders in urban Nepal.

Journal Article Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health · June 23, 2022 BACKGROUND: There is a lack of research on the adolescent experience of depression in low- and middle-income countries. Criteria derived from research conducted primarily among adult Western populations inform current diagnostic standards for depression. T ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mental health stigma and discrimination in Ethiopia: evidence synthesis to inform stigma reduction interventions.

Journal Article Int J Ment Health Syst · June 23, 2022 BACKGROUND: People with mental illnesses are at an increased risk of experiencing human rights violations, stigma and discrimination. Even though mental health stigma and discrimination are universal, there appears to be a higher burden in low- and middle- ... Full text Link to item Cite

Implementation strategy in collaboration with people with lived experience of mental illness to reduce stigma among primary care providers in Nepal (RESHAPE): protocol for a type 3 hybrid implementation effectiveness cluster randomized controlled trial.

Journal Article Implement Sci · June 16, 2022 BACKGROUND: There are increasing efforts for the integration of mental health services into primary care settings in low- and middle-income countries. However, commonly used approaches to train primary care providers (PCPs) may not achieve the expected out ... Full text Link to item Cite

Tension and Other Idioms of Distress Among Slum Dwelling Young Men: A Qualitative Study of Depression in Urban Bangladesh.

Journal Article Cult Med Psychiatry · June 2022 In low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) it is vital to understand acceptable, comprehensive, and culturally appropriate ways of communicating about mental distress. Diagnostic terminology is rarely used, may be stigmatizing, and is subject to misinterpr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mental health stigma at primary health care centres in Lebanon: qualitative study.

Journal Article International journal of mental health systems · May 2022 BackgroundMental health-related stigma is a global public health concern and a major barrier to seeking care. In this study, we explored the role of stigma as a barrier to scaling up mental health services in primary health care (PHC) centres in L ... Full text Cite

Longitudinal associations between adolescents' individualised risk for depression and inflammation in a UK cohort study.

Journal Article Brain Behav Immun · March 2022 Inflammation is associated with poor physical and mental health including major depressive disorder (MDD). Moreover, there is evidence that childhood adversity - a risk factor for MDD - becomes biologically embedded via elevated inflammation. However, the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Context, COVID-19 and comorbidities: exploring emergent directions in syndemics and HIV research.

Journal Article Curr Opin HIV AIDS · March 1, 2022 PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The purpose of this review is to identify themes across articles that aimed to explore HIV-related syndemics in 2020 and 2021 and to discuss their implications for research on syndemics. RECENT FINDINGS: We identified 189 articles on syn ... Full text Link to item Cite

Treatment Preferences for Pharmacological versus Psychological Interventions among Primary Care Providers in Nepal: Mixed Methods Analysis of a Pilot Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial.

Journal Article Int J Environ Res Public Health · February 14, 2022 There is increasing evidence supporting the effectiveness of psychological interventions in low- and middle-income countries. However, primary care providers (PCPs) may prefer treating patients with medication. A secondary exploratory analysis of a pilot c ... Full text Link to item Cite

Syndemic effects in complex humanitarian emergencies: A framework for understanding political violence and improving multi-morbidity health outcomes.

Journal Article Soc Sci Med · February 2022 A hallmark of complex humanitarian emergencies is the collective exposure, often over extended periods of time, to political violence in the forms of war, terrorism, political intimidation, repression, unlawful detention, and forced displacement. Populatio ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cortisol and development of depression in adolescence and young adulthood - a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Journal Article Psychoneuroendocrinology · February 2022 IntroductionDysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis has been implicated in the development of major depressive disorder (MDD) in adulthood. Less work has focused on the role of the HPA axis in depression in adolescence and y ... Full text Cite

Stigma against mental health disorders in Nepal conceptualised with a 'what matters most' framework: a scoping review.

Journal Article Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · January 2022 AimsStigma related to mental disorders is a barrier to quality mental healthcare. This scoping review aimed to synthesise literature on stigma related to mental disorders in Nepal to understand stigma processes. The anthropological concept of 'wha ... Full text Cite

Physical activity and depressive symptoms among adolescents in a school-based sample.

Journal Article Braz J Psychiatry · 2022 OBJECTIVE: To explore associations between self-reported weekly physical activity and depressive symptomatology among adolescents in a school-based sample from Brazil. METHODS: We surveyed 7,405 adolescents aged 14 to 16 years in 101 public schools in Port ... Full text Link to item Cite

Child Maltreatment and Global Health: Biocultural Perspectives

Chapter · January 1, 2022 In this chapter, the challenges of applying cultural, biological, and structural models to child maltreatment are discussed. As a prolegomenon toward more biocultural approaches of conceptualizing maltreatment in the field of global mental health, the rela ... Full text Cite

"Now, I have my baby so I don't go anywhere": A mixed method approach to the 'everyday' and young motherhood integrating qualitative interviews and passive digital data from mobile devices.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2022 The impacts of early pregnancy and young motherhood on everyday life, including interpersonal and individual behavior, are not well-known. Passive digital sensing on mobile technology including smartphones and passive Bluetooth beacons can yield informatio ... Full text Link to item Cite

School-based group interpersonal therapy for adolescents with depression in rural Nepal: a mixed methods study exploring feasibility, acceptability, and cost.

Journal Article Global mental health (Cambridge, England) · January 2022 BackgroundAdolescents with depression need access to culturally relevant psychological treatment. In many low- and middle-income countries treatments are only accessible to a minority. We adapted group interpersonal therapy (IPT) for adolescents t ... Full text Cite

Community perspectives on the implementation of a group psychological intervention for adolescents with depression: A qualitative study in rural Nepal.

Journal Article Front Psychiatry · 2022 Group-based psychological interventions could help to close the treatment gap for depression in low-resource settings, but implementation barriers exist. In Nepal we sought community members' perspectives on how to implement group interpersonal therapy for ... Full text Link to item Cite

Experiences and Perceptions of Telephone-delivery of the Common Elements Treatment Approach for Mental Health Needs Among Young People in Zambia During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Journal Article Front Public Health · 2022 BACKGROUND: Mental and behavioral health needs are immense in low-to-middle income countries (LMIC), particularly for adolescents and young adults (AYA). However, access to mental health services is limited in LMIC due to barriers such as distance to a hea ... Full text Link to item Cite

Competency-based pre-service education for clinical psychology training in low- and middle-income countries: Case study of Makerere University in Uganda.

Journal Article Front Psychol · 2022 Reducing the global treatment gap for mental health conditions in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) requires not only an expansion of clinical psychology training but also assuring that graduates of these programs have the competency to effectively ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cultural and contextual adaptation of mental health measures in Kenya: An adolescent-centered transcultural adaptation of measures study.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2022 INTRODUCTION: There is paucity of culturally adapted tools for assessing depression and anxiety in children and adolescents in low-and middle-income countries. This hinders early detection, provision of appropriate and culturally acceptable interventions. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Social isolation as a core feature of adolescent depression: a qualitative study in Porto Alegre, Brazil.

Journal Article Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being · December 2021 PURPOSE: The goal of this study was to explore the perspectives of different stakeholders regarding the experiences of adolescent depression in Porto Alegre, Brazil. METHODS: We conducted 54 key-informant interviews with adolescents, parents, social worker ... Full text Link to item Cite

Gender inequality in the global mental health research workforce: a research authorship scoping review and qualitative study in Nepal.

Journal Article BMJ Glob Health · December 2021 INTRODUCTION: Although women's health is prioritised in global research, few studies have identified structural barriers and strategies to promote female leadership and gender equality in the global health research workforce, especially in low-income and m ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evidence-based approaches for promoting gender equity in global mental health research: Study protocol for social network analysis of researchers in Nepal.

Journal Article SSM Ment Health · December 2021 There are increasing efforts for capacity building of researchers in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) to foster local ability to conduct high quality research. However, female researchers remain underrepresented in scientific communities, particular ... Full text Link to item Cite

Exploring the role of immune pathways in the risk and development of depression in adolescence: Research protocol of the IDEA-FLAME study.

Journal Article Brain Behav Immun Health · December 2021 Extensive research suggests a role for the innate immune system in the pathogenesis of depression, but most of the studies are conducted in adult populations, in high-income countries and mainly focus on the study of inflammatory proteins alone, which prov ... Full text Link to item Cite

Collaboration With People With Lived Experience of Mental Illness to Reduce Stigma and Improve Primary Care Services: A Pilot Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial.

Journal Article JAMA network open · November 2021 ImportanceCollaboration with people with lived experience of mental illness (PWLE), also referred to as service users, is a growing priority to reduce stigma and improve mental health care.ObjectiveTo examine feasibility and acceptability ... Full text Cite

Reporting Cultural Adaptation in Psychological Trials - The RECAPT criteria.

Journal Article Clin Psychol Eur · November 2021 BACKGROUND: There is a lack of empirical evidence on the level of cultural adaptation required for psychological interventions developed in Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic (WEIRD) societies to be effective for the treatment of commo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Proactive detection of people in need of mental healthcare: accuracy of the community case detection tool among children, adolescents and families in Sri Lanka.

Journal Article Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health · October 8, 2021 BACKGROUND: Most children and adolescents in need of mental healthcare remain untreated even when services are available. This study evaluates the accuracy of a new tool, the Community Case Detection Tool (CCDT). The CCDT uses illustrated vignettes, two qu ... Full text Link to item Cite

Measuring mental health in humanitarian crises: a practitioner's guide to validity.

Journal Article Confl Health · September 26, 2021 BACKGROUND: There are ongoing methodological advances in measuring mental health in humanitarian crises. This Special Section describes numerous innovations. Here we take a practitioner's view in understanding the key issues related to assessment of mental ... Full text Link to item Cite

Adaptation of the World Health Organization Electronic Mental Health Gap Action Programme Intervention Guide App for Mobile Devices in Nepal and Nigeria: Protocol for a Feasibility Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial.

Journal Article JMIR Res Protoc · June 15, 2021 BACKGROUND: There is a growing global need for scalable approaches to training and supervising primary care workers (PCWs) to deliver mental health services. Over the past decade, the World Health Organization Mental Health Gap Action Programme Interventio ... Full text Link to item Cite

COVID-19 mental health impact and responses in low-income and middle-income countries: reimagining global mental health.

Journal Article Lancet Psychiatry · June 2021 Most of the global population live in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), which have historically received a small fraction of global resources for mental health. The COVID-19 pandemic has spread rapidly in many of these countries. This Review ... Full text Link to item Cite

Childhood exposure to ambient air pollution and predicting individual risk of depression onset in UK adolescents.

Journal Article J Psychiatr Res · June 2021 Knowledge about early risk factors for major depressive disorder (MDD) is critical to identify those who are at high risk. A multivariable model to predict adolescents' individual risk of future MDD has recently been developed however its performance in a ... Full text Link to item Cite

A systematic review of the association between biological markers and environmental stress risk factors for adolescent depression.

Journal Article J Psychiatr Res · June 2021 INTRODUCTION: Although the aetiology and pathophysiology of depression are multifactorial, to date most studies have examined either biological or environmental mechanisms without looking at the integration of both; with most studies conducted in high-inco ... Full text Link to item Cite

COVID-19 and global mental health.

Journal Article Lancet Psychiatry · June 2021 Full text Link to item Cite

A distress-continuum, disorder-threshold model of depression: a mixed-methods, latent class analysis study of slum-dwelling young men in Bangladesh.

Journal Article BMC psychiatry · June 2021 BackgroundBinary categorical approaches to diagnosing depression have been widely criticized due to clinical limitations and potential negative consequences. In place of such categorical models of depression, a 'staged model' has recently been pro ... Full text Cite

Effectiveness of Group Problem Management Plus, a brief psychological intervention for adults affected by humanitarian disasters in Nepal: A cluster randomized controlled trial.

Journal Article PLoS medicine · June 2021 BackgroundGlobally, 235 million people are impacted by humanitarian emergencies worldwide, presenting increased risk of experiencing a mental disorder. Our objective was to test the effectiveness of a brief group psychological treatment delivered ... Full text Cite

Global mental health ethics

Book · May 22, 2021 This volume addresses gaps in the existing literature of global mental health by focusing on the ethical considerations that are implicit in discussions of health policy. In line with trends in clinical education around the world today, this text is explic ... Full text Cite

Historical origins of global mental health

Chapter · May 22, 2021 This chapter traces the emergence of global mental health as an area for study, research, and practice that places a priority on achieving equity in mental health for all people worldwide. It identifies the shortages of mental health services worldwide and ... Full text Cite

Introduction to collection: confronting the challenges of health research in humanitarian crises.

Journal Article Confl Health · May 14, 2021 BACKGROUND: Humanitarian crises, such as armed conflict, forced displacement, natural disasters, and major disease outbreaks, take a staggering toll on human health, especially in low-resource settings. Yet there is a dearth of robust evidence to inform th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Reassessing the Mental Health Treatment Gap: What Happens if We Include the Impact of Traditional Healing on Mental Illness?

Journal Article Community Ment Health J · May 2021 In this Fresh Focus, we reassess what the mental health treatment gap may mean if we consider the role of traditional healing. Based on systematic reviews, patients can use traditional healers and qualitatively report improvement from general psychological ... Full text Link to item Cite

Implementation and Effectiveness of Nonspecialist-Delivered Interventions for Perinatal Mental Health in High-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Journal Article JAMA Psychiatry · May 1, 2021 IMPORTANCE: Task sharing-or training of nonspecialist providers with no formal training in counseling-is an effective strategy to improve access to evidence-based counseling interventions and has the potential to address the burden of perinatal depression ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mind the brain gap: The worldwide distribution of neuroimaging research on adolescent depression.

Journal Article Neuroimage · May 1, 2021 Adolescents comprise one fourth of the world's population, with about 90% of them living in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The incidence of depression markedly increases during adolescence, making the disorder a leading cause of disease-related ... Full text Link to item Cite

Passive sensing on mobile devices to improve mental health services with adolescent and young mothers in low-resource settings: the role of families in feasibility and acceptability.

Journal Article BMC Med Inform Decis Mak · April 7, 2021 BACKGROUND: Passive sensor data from mobile devices can shed light on daily activities, social behavior, and maternal-child interactions to improve maternal and child health services including mental healthcare. We assessed feasibility and acceptability of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cross-cultural adaptation of motivational interviewing for use in rural Nepal.

Journal Article BMC Psychol · April 1, 2021 BACKGROUND: Motivational Interviewing (MI) has a robust evidence base in facilitating behavior change for several health conditions. MI focuses on the individual and assumes patient autonomy. Cross-cultural adaptation can face several challenges in setting ... Full text Link to item Cite

Drawing open the curtain on home-based interventions

Journal Article Mhealth · April 1, 2021 Full text Cite

Traditional Healers and Mental Health in Nepal: A Scoping Review.

Journal Article Culture, medicine and psychiatry · March 2021 Despite extensive ethnographic and qualitative research on traditional healers in Nepal, the role of traditional healers in relation to mental health has not been synthesized. We focused on the following clinically based research question, "What are the pr ... Full text Cite

Development of a Tool to Assess Competencies of Problem Management plus Facilitators Using Observed Standardised Role Plays: The EQUIP Competency Rating Scale for Problem Management plus

Journal Article Intervention · March 1, 2021 Problem Management Plus (PM+) is used to address mental health needs in humanitarian emergencies, including in response to COVID-19. Because PM+ is designed for non-specialist facilitators, one challenge is ensuring that trainees have the necessary compete ... Full text Cite

Building Mental Health and Psychosocial Support Capacity during a Pandemic: The Process of Adapting Problem Management plus for Remote Training and Implementation during COVID-19 in New York City, Europe and East Africa

Journal Article Intervention · March 1, 2021 On March 11, 2020, COVID-19 was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. In response to the sudden rise in COVID-19-related mental health and psychosocial impacts, we embarked on a digital training (e-learning) and remote delivery adaptation f ... Full text Cite

Impact of Service User Video Presentations on Explicit and Implicit Stigma toward Mental Illness among Medical Students in Nepal: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Journal Article Int J Environ Res Public Health · February 22, 2021 This study evaluated the impact of didactic videos and service user testimonial videos on mental illness stigma among medical students. Two randomized controlled trials were conducted in Nepal. Study 1 examined stigma reduction for depression. Study 2 exam ... Full text Link to item Cite

Predicting the risk of depression among adolescents in Nepal using a model developed in Brazil: the IDEA Project.

Journal Article Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry · February 2021 The burden of adolescent depression is high in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), yet research into prevention is lacking. Development and validation of models to predict individualized risk of depression among adolescents in LMICs is rare but cruci ... Full text Link to item Cite

A cross-cultural interpersonal model of adolescent depression: A qualitative study in rural Nepal.

Journal Article Soc Sci Med · February 2021 Most cross-cultural qualitative research on depression has been descriptive, documenting symptoms and explanatory models. There is a lack of qualitative research testing theoretical models of depression. The interpersonal model conceptualises grief, interp ... Full text Link to item Cite

Perception of healthcare workers on mobile app-based clinical guideline for the detection and treatment of mental health problems in primary care: a qualitative study in Nepal.

Journal Article BMC Med Inform Decis Mak · January 19, 2021 BACKGROUND: In recent years, a significant change has taken place in the health care delivery systems due to the availability of smartphones and mobile software applications. The use of mobile technology can help to reduce a number of barriers for mental h ... Full text Link to item Cite

Identifying risk factors and detection strategies for adolescent depression in diverse global settings: A Delphi consensus study.

Journal Article J Affect Disord · January 15, 2021 BACKGROUND: Adolescence represents a vulnerable period for the onset of depression. Globally, there is a need to better understand risk factors for adolescent depression to inform policies for effective prevention initiatives. METHODS: A Delphi consensus s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Traditional and biomedical care pathways for mental well-being in rural Nepal.

Journal Article Int J Ment Health Syst · January 7, 2021 BACKGROUND: There is increasing access to mental health services in biomedical settings (e.g., primary care and specialty clinics) in low- and middle-income countries. Traditional healing continues to be widely available and used in these settings as well. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Telomere length analysis from minimally-invasively collected samples: Methods development and meta-analysis of the validity of different sampling techniques: American Journal of Human Biology.

Journal Article Am J Hum Biol · January 2021 OBJECTIVES: Telomeres are the protective caps of chromosomes. They shorten with cell replication, age, and possibly environmental stimuli (eg, infection and stress). Short telomere length (TL) predicts subsequent worse health. Although venous whole blood ( ... Full text Link to item Cite

Systematic review of interventions to reduce mental health stigma in India.

Journal Article Asian J Psychiatr · January 2021 BACKGROUND: Stigma is a barrier for help-seeking, mental health service access, and contributes to the mental health treatment gap. Because the mental health treatment gap is greatest in low- and middle-income countries, it is vital to identify effective s ... Full text Link to item Cite

"Like a doctor, like a brother": Achieving competence amongst lay health workers delivering community-based rehabilitation for people with schizophrenia in Ethiopia.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2021 BACKGROUND: There are gaps in our understanding of how non-specialists, such as lay health workers, can achieve core competencies to deliver psychosocial interventions in low- and middle-income countries. METHODS: We conducted a 12-month mixed-methods stud ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assessment of service provider competency for child and adolescent psychological treatments and psychosocial services in global mental health: evaluation of feasibility and reliability of the WeACT tool in Gaza, Palestine.

Journal Article Glob Ment Health (Camb) · 2021 BACKGROUND: There is a scarcity of evaluated tools to assess whether non-specialist providers achieve minimum levels of competency to effectively and safely deliver psychological interventions in low- and middle-income countries. The objective of this stud ... Full text Link to item Cite

Development of the mental health cultural adaptation and contextualization for implementation (mhCACI) procedure: a systematic framework to prepare evidence-based psychological interventions for scaling.

Journal Article Glob Ment Health (Camb) · 2021 BACKGROUND: Because of the high burden of untreated mental illness in humanitarian settings and low- and middle-income countries, scaling-up effective psychological interventions require a cultural adaptation process that is feasible and acceptable. Our ad ... Full text Link to item Cite

What Does Social Support Sound Like? Challenges and Opportunities for Using Passive Episodic Audio Collection to Assess the Social Environment.

Journal Article Front Public Health · 2021 Background: The social environment, comprised of social support, social burden, and quality of interactions, influences a range of health outcomes, including mental health. Passive audio data collection on mobile phones (e.g., episodic recording of the aud ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Identifying Depression Early in Adolescence Risk Stratified Cohort (IDEA-RiSCo): Rationale, Methods, and Baseline Characteristics.

Journal Article Front Psychiatry · 2021 Background: The characterization of adolescents at high risk for developing depression has traditionally relied on the presence or absence of single risk factors. More recently, the use of composite risk scores combining information from multiple variables ... Full text Link to item Cite

Feasibility of implementing a culturally adapted Prolonged Grief Disorder scale in the mental healthcare system in Nepal.

Journal Article Glob Ment Health (Camb) · 2021 BACKGROUND: Nepali widows have a high prevalence of mental disorders, including prolonged grief disorder (PGD). Despite the considerable needs that Nepali widows have for mental health services, resources for mental health in Nepal are limited, amplifying ... Full text Link to item Cite

Perception and Use of Primary Healthcare Services Among People With Cardiometabolic Diseases in Two Resource-Limited Areas in Nepal: A Mixed Methods Study.

Journal Article Front Public Health · 2021 Nepal is a country in south Asia with a high burden of cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs). Strengthening primary healthcare (PHC) is a key strategy to mitigate this increasing burden and achieve universal health coverage. While previous studies in Nepal have ... Full text Link to item Cite

Perspectives of healthcare providers, service users, and family members about mental illness stigma in primary care settings: A multi-site qualitative study of seven countries in Africa, Asia, and Europe.

Journal Article PloS one · January 2021 BackgroundStigma among healthcare providers is a barrier to the effective delivery of mental health services in primary care. Few studies have been conducted in primary care settings comparing the attitudes of healthcare providers and experiences ... Full text Cite

Predicting the risk of future depression among school-attending adolescents in Nigeria using a model developed in Brazil.

Journal Article Psychiatry Res · December 2020 Depression commonly emerges in adolescence and is a major public health issue in low- and middle-income countries where 90% of the world's adolescents live. Thus efforts to prevent depression onset are crucial in countries like Nigeria, where two-thirds of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Why we heal: The evolution of psychological healing and implications for global mental health.

Journal Article Clin Psychol Rev · December 2020 Why do humans heal one another? Evolutionary psychology has advanced our understanding of why humans suffer psychological distress and mental illness. However, to date, the evolutionary origins of what drives humans to alleviate the suffering of others has ... Full text Link to item Cite

Scaling up mental health care and psychosocial support in low-resource settings: a roadmap to impact.

Journal Article Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci · November 26, 2020 AIMS: Despite recent global attention to mental health and psychosocial support services and a growing body of evidence-support interventions, few mental health services have been established at a regional or national scale in low- and middle-income countr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Using passive sensing data and mobile health to improve psychological treatment for depressed adolescent mothers in rural nepal

Journal Article Clinical Schizophrenia and Related Psychoses · October 15, 2020 Postpartum depression disorder is the most commonly observed mental disorders in the new mothers. Appropriate and differentiating diagnosis is necessary to initiate the correct treatment. The present study uses phone based applications by the mothers for t ... Full text Cite

Impact of integrated district level mental health care on clinical and functioning outcomes of people with depression and alcohol use disorder in Nepal: a non-randomised controlled study.

Journal Article BMC Psychiatry · September 14, 2020 BACKGROUND: Integration of mental health services into primary healthcare is proliferating in low-resource countries. We aimed to evaluate the impact of different compositions of primary care mental health services for depression and alcohol use disorder ( ... Full text Link to item Cite

Common factors in psychological treatments delivered by non-specialists in low- and middle-income countries: Manual review of competencies.

Journal Article J Behav Cogn Ther · September 2020 Delivery of psychological and psychosocial treatments by non-specialists in low-and middle-income countries (LMIC) is a growing strategy to address the global mental health treatment gap. However, little is known about which competencies are essential for ... Full text Link to item Cite

Culturally and developmentally adapting group interpersonal therapy for adolescents with depression in rural Nepal.

Journal Article BMC Psychol · August 12, 2020 BACKGROUND: Evidence-based interventions are needed to reduce depression among adolescents in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). One approach could be cultural adaptation of psychological therapies developed in high-income countries. We aimed to ada ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evaluation of Proactive Community Case Detection to Increase Help Seeking for Mental Health Care: A Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · August 1, 2020 OBJECTIVE: The Community Informant Detection Tool (CIDT) is a vignette- and picture-based method of proactive case detection to promote help seeking for persons with depression, psychosis, alcohol use disorder, and epilepsy. The authors evaluated the effec ... Full text Link to item Cite

Process evaluation of a district mental healthcare plan in Nepal: a mixed-methods case study.

Journal Article BJPsych Open · July 28, 2020 BACKGROUND: The PRogramme for Improving Mental Health carE (PRIME) evaluated the process and outcomes of the implementation of a mental healthcare plan (MHCP) in Chitwan, Nepal. AIMS: To describe the process of implementation, the barriers and facilitating ... Full text Link to item Cite

Detection of risk for depression among adolescents in diverse global settings: protocol for the IDEA qualitative study in Brazil, Nepal, Nigeria and the UK.

Journal Article BMJ Open · July 28, 2020 INTRODUCTION: Globally, depression is a leading cause of disability among adolescents, and suicide rates are increasing among youth. Treatment alone is insufficient to address the issue. Early identification and prevention efforts are necessary to reduce m ... Full text Link to item Cite

Use of role plays to assess therapist competency and its association with client outcomes in psychological interventions: A scoping review and competency research agenda.

Journal Article Behav Res Ther · July 2020 A major challenge in scaling-up psychological interventions worldwide is how to evaluate competency among new workforces engaged in psychological services. One approach to measuring competency is through standardized role plays. Role plays have the benefit ... Full text Link to item Cite

Syndemics of HIV with mental illness and other noncommunicable diseases: a research agenda to address the gap between syndemic theory and current research practice.

Journal Article Curr Opin HIV AIDS · July 2020 PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The aim of this article is to summarize the status of syndemic research on HIV and noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) to identify opportunities for improving research to benefit prevention and treatment of NCDs among persons living with HIV ... Full text Link to item Cite

Lessons learned through piloting a community-based SMS referral system for common mental health disorders used by female community health volunteers in rural Nepal.

Journal Article BMC Res Notes · July 1, 2020 OBJECTIVE: The Community Informant Detection Tool (CIDT) is a paper-based proactive case detection strategy with evidence for improving help-seeking behavior for mental healthcare. Key implementation barriers for the paper-based CIDT include delayed report ... Full text Link to item Cite

Eliciting recovery narratives in global mental health: Benefits and potential harms in service user participation.

Journal Article Psychiatr Rehabil J · June 2020 OBJECTIVE: The engagement of peers and service users is increasingly emphasized in mental health clinical, educational, and research activities. A core means of engagement is via the sharing of recovery narratives, through which service users present their ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Feasibility of Group Problem Management Plus (PM+) to improve mental health and functioning of adults in earthquake-affected communities in Nepal.

Journal Article Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci · May 26, 2020 AIMS: Psychological interventions that are brief, acceptable, effective and can be delivered by non-specialists are especially necessary in low- and middle-income countries, where mental health systems are unable to address the high level of psychosocial n ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effectiveness of Group Problem Management Plus (Group-PM+) for adults affected by humanitarian crises in Nepal: study protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial.

Journal Article Trials · April 19, 2020 BACKGROUND: Globally, the lack of availability of psychological services for people exposed to adversities has led to the development of a range of scalable psychological interventions with features that enable better scale-up. Problem Management Plus (PM+ ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mental health and psychosocial support needs among people displaced by Boko Haram in Nigeria.

Journal Article Glob Public Health · March 2020 Since 2013, the Boko Haram insurgency in Nigeria has left almost 2 million people displaced and 10 million in need of life-saving services. While the humanitarian response has focused on provision of food, shelter, and physical health needs, mental health ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Satisfaction in the Soul: Common Factors Theory Applied to Traditional Healers in Rural Nepal.

Journal Article Ethos · March 2020 To explore the relationship between traditional healers and conventional psychotherapy, we conducted a combined ethnographic study and structured observational rating of healers in the middle hill region of central Nepal. We conducted in-depth interviews a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Reducing mental illness stigma in healthcare settings: Proof of concept for a social contact intervention to address what matters most for primary care providers.

Journal Article Soc Sci Med · February 15, 2020 Initiatives for integration of mental health services into primary care are underway through the World Health Organization's mental health Gap Action Programme (mhGAP) and related endeavors. However, primary healthcare providers' stigma against persons wit ... Full text Link to item Cite

Stigma reduction interventions for children and adolescents in low- and middle-income countries: Systematic review of intervention strategies.

Journal Article Soc Sci Med · February 2020 Stigmatisation and discrimination are common worldwide, and have profound negative impacts on health and quality of life. Research, albeit limited, has focused predominantly on adults. There is a paucity of literature about stigma reduction strategies conc ... Full text Link to item Cite

In-Home Passive Sensor Data Collection and Its Implications for Social Media Research: Perspectives of Community Women in Rural South Africa.

Journal Article J Empir Res Hum Res Ethics · 2020 There has been a recent increase in debates on the ethics of social media research, passive sensor data collection, and big data analytics. However, little evidence exists to describe how people experience and understand these applications of technology. T ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Erratum: Reducing mental health-related stigma in primary health care settings in low- And middle-income countries: A systematic review (Journal of Physical Chemistry (2019) (1-10) DOI: 10.1017/S2045796018000458)

Journal Article Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences · January 1, 2020 In the aforementioned article an incorrect author name was published. The fifth author is G. Thornicroft (and not G. Thronicroft). The authors apologise for this error. ... Full text Cite

Law enforcement and mental health clinician partnerships in global mental health: outcomes for the Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) model adaptation in Liberia, West Africa.

Journal Article Glob Ment Health (Camb) · 2020 BACKGROUND: The Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) model is a law enforcement strategy that aims to build alliances between the law enforcement and mental health communities. Despite its success in the United States, CIT has not been used in low- and middle-in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Emerging Opportunities Provided by Technology to Advance Research in Child Health Globally.

Journal Article Glob Pediatr Health · 2020 Current approaches to longitudinal assessment of children's developmental and psychological well-being, as mandated in the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, are expensive and time consuming. Substantive understanding of global progress toward t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Developing a Theory of Change model of service user and caregiver involvement in mental health system strengthening in primary health care in rural Ethiopia.

Journal Article Int J Ment Health Syst · 2020 BACKGROUND: The involvement of service users and caregivers is recommended as a strategy to strengthen health systems and scale up quality mental healthcare equitably, particularly in low-and-middle-income countries. Service user and caregiver involvement ... Full text Link to item Cite

Justice for George Floyd and a reckoning for global mental health.

Journal Article Glob Ment Health (Camb) · 2020 In the wake of George Floyd's killing by police in Minneapolis and the global response inspired by Black Lives Matter, it is time for the field of global mental health to reexamine how we have acknowledged and addressed racism in our institutions, our rese ... Full text Link to item Cite

Erratum: Justice for George Floyd and a reckoning for global mental health.

Journal Article Global mental health (Cambridge, England) · January 2020 [This corrects the article DOI: 10.1017/gmh.2020.17.]. ... Full text Cite

Utilizing passive sensing data to provide personalized psychological care in low-resource settings.

Journal Article Gates Open Res · 2020 Background: With the growing ubiquity of smartphones and wearable devices, there is an increased potential of collecting passive sensing data in mobile health. Passive data such as physical activity, Global Positioning System (GPS), interpersonal proximity ... Full text Link to item Cite

Social Neuroscience in Global Mental Health Case Study on Stigma Reduction in Nepal

Chapter · January 1, 2020 In low- and middle-income countries, the number of people with mental illness receiving minimally adequate care ranges from 1 out of 25 to 1 out of a 100. Given this major treatment gap, the World Health Organization and other institutions advocate provisi ... Full text Cite

Prevention versus intervention in school mental health.

Journal Article Lancet Psychiatry · December 2019 Full text Link to item Cite

Cultural adaptation of scalable psychological interventions: A new conceptual framework

Journal Article Clinical Psychology in Europe · December 1, 2019 Background: The worldwide mental health treatment gap calls for scaling-up psychological interventions, which requires effective implementation in diverse cultural settings. Evidence from the field of global mental health and cultural clinical psychology i ... Full text Cite

Wearable Digital Sensors to Identify Risks of Postpartum Depression and Personalize Psychological Treatment for Adolescent Mothers: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Exploratory Study in Rural Nepal.

Journal Article JMIR Res Protoc · September 11, 2019 BACKGROUND: There is a high prevalence of untreated postpartum depression among adolescent mothers with the greatest gap in services in low- and middle-income countries. Recent studies have demonstrated the potential of nonspecialists to provide mental hea ... Full text Link to item Cite

Treatment failure in inflammatory arthritis: time to think about syndemics?

Journal Article Rheumatology (Oxford) · September 1, 2019 Social determinants of health play a crucial role in health and disease. In current times, it has become increasingly known that biological and non-biological factors are potentially linked and help to drive disease. For example, links between various como ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cholera control and anti-Haitian stigma in the Dominican Republic: from migration policy to lived experience.

Journal Article Anthropol Med · August 2019 As cholera spread from Haiti to the Dominican Republic, Haitian migrants, a largely undocumented and stigmatized population in Dominican society, became a focus of public health concern. Concurrent to the epidemic, the Dominican legislature enacted new doc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effectiveness of psychological treatments for depression and alcohol use disorder delivered by community-based counsellors: two pragmatic randomised controlled trials within primary healthcare in Nepal.

Journal Article Br J Psychiatry · August 2019 BACKGROUND: Evidence shows benefits of psychological treatments in low-resource countries, yet few government health systems include psychological services.AimEvaluating the clinical value of adding psychological treatments, delivered by community-based co ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Law Enforcement and Clinician Partnerships: Training of Trainers for CIT Teams in Liberia, West Africa.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · August 1, 2019 The crisis intervention team (CIT) model was developed in the United States to align law enforcement goals with those of mental health advocates and service users. Liberia is the first low-income country where CIT has been implemented. After preliminary tr ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Protocol for a systematic review of the development of depression among adolescents and young adults: psychological, biological, and contextual perspectives around the world.

Journal Article Syst Rev · July 20, 2019 BACKGROUND: Depression is a leading contributor to disability-adjusted life-years because of early onset and chronicity throughout the lifecycle. It is crucial to identify early predictors of depression among adolescents and young people to effectively tar ... Full text Link to item Cite

Gender and Child Behavior Problems in Rural Nepal: Differential Expectations and Responses.

Journal Article Sci Rep · May 21, 2019 Whereas epidemiologic studies consistently identify different rates and types of problematic behavior in boys and girls, there has been little research examining the ecocultural context in which these gender differences in child behavior problems develop, ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Identifying depression early in adolescence.

Journal Article Lancet Child Adolesc Health · April 2019 Full text Link to item Cite

Reducing mental health-related stigma among medical and nursing students in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review.

Journal Article Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci · April 1, 2019 AIMS: This systematic review compiled evidence on interventions to reduce mental health-related stigma among medical and nursing students in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Primary outcomes were stigmatising attitudes and discriminatory behaviour ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Out of the silos: identifying cross-cutting features of health-related stigma to advance measurement and intervention.

Journal Article BMC Med · February 15, 2019 BACKGROUND: Many health conditions perceived to be contagious, dangerous or incurable, or resulting in clearly visible signs, share a common attribute - an association with stigma and discrimination. While the etiology of stigma may differ between conditio ... Full text Link to item Cite

Community-, facility-, and individual-level outcomes of a district mental healthcare plan in a low-resource setting in Nepal: A population-based evaluation.

Journal Article PLoS Med · February 2019 BACKGROUND: In low-income countries, care for people with mental, neurological, and substance use (MNS) disorders is largely absent, especially in rural settings. To increase treatment coverage, integration of mental health services into community and prim ... Full text Link to item Cite

Procedures to Select Digital Sensing Technologies for Passive Data Collection With Children and Their Caregivers: Qualitative Cultural Assessment in South Africa and Nepal.

Journal Article JMIR Pediatr Parent · January 16, 2019 BACKGROUND: Populations in low-resource settings with high childhood morbidity and mortality increasingly are being selected as beneficiaries for interventions using passive sensing data collection through digital technologies. However, these populations o ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Adapting culturally appropriate mental health screening tools for use among conflict-affected and other vulnerable adolescents in Nigeria.

Journal Article Glob Ment Health (Camb) · 2019 BACKGROUND: The Boko Haram insurgency has brought turmoil and instability to Nigeria, generating a large number of internally displaced people and adding to the country's 17.5 million orphans and vulnerable children. Recently, steps have been taken to impr ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Health research in humanitarian crises: an urgent global imperative.

Journal Article BMJ Glob Health · 2019 Globally, humanitarian crises-such as armed conflict, forced displacement, natural disasters and major disease outbreaks-affect more people today than at any point in recorded history. These crises have immense acute and long-term health impacts on hundred ... Full text Link to item Cite

Feasibility assessment of invigorating grassrooTs primary healthcare for prevention and management of cardiometabolic diseases in resource-limited settings in China, Kenya, Nepal, Vietnam (the FAITH study): rationale and design.

Journal Article Glob Health Res Policy · 2019 BACKGROUND: Cardiometabolic diseases are the leading cause of death and disability in many low- and middle-income countries. As the already severe burden from these conditions continues to increase in low- and middle-income countries, cardiometabolic disea ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Training and supervision

Chapter · January 1, 2019 In this chapter, we discuss key considerations and best practices for training and supervision for psychological interventions in low-resource settings. First, we discuss what aspects of training and supervision require special consideration in the context ... Full text Cite

Caring for Families Separated by Changing Immigration Policies and Enforcement: A Cultural Psychiatry Perspective.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · December 1, 2018 Recent changes in U.S. immigration policies and enforcement have precipitated a 300% rise in arrests and planned deportations. Although some family members face deportation, other family members may have state-sanctioned status. Such mixed status puts hund ... Full text Link to item Cite

How competent are non-specialists trained to integrate mental health services in primary care? Global health perspectives from Uganda, Liberia, and Nepal.

Journal Article Int Rev Psychiatry · December 2018 Evaluations to objectively assess minimum competency are not routinely implemented for training and supervision in global mental health. Addressing this gap in competency assessment is crucial for safe and effective mental health service integration in pri ... Full text Link to item Cite

Validation of a cross-cultural instrument for child behavior problems: the Disruptive Behavior International Scale - Nepal version.

Journal Article BMC Psychol · November 3, 2018 BACKGROUND: Obtaining accurate and valid measurements of disruptive behavior disorders remains a challenge in non-Western settings due to variability in societal norms for child behavior and a lack of tools developed outside of Western contexts. This paper ... Full text Link to item Cite

Psychological treatments delivered by community health workers in low-resource government health systems: effectiveness of group interpersonal psychotherapy for caregivers of children affected by nodding syndrome in Uganda.

Journal Article Psychol Med · November 2018 BACKGROUND: Despite increasing evidence for the benefits of psychological treatments (PTs) in low- and middle-income countries, few national health systems have adopted PTs as standard care. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a group interpersonal p ... Full text Link to item Cite

Reducing mental health-related stigma in primary health care settings in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review.

Journal Article Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci · September 4, 2018 AIMS: This systematic review compiled evidence on interventions to reduce mental health-related stigma in primary health care (PHC) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Studies targeting PHC staff (including non-professionals) were included. Primar ... Full text Link to item Cite

Psychosocial interventions for disruptive behaviour problems in children in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Journal Article J Child Psychol Psychiatry · September 2018 BACKGROUND: Most of the evidence for psychosocial interventions for disruptive behaviour problems comes from Western, high-income countries. The transferability of this evidence to culturally diverse, low-resource settings with few mental health specialist ... Full text Link to item Cite

Suicide in Nepal: Qualitative Findings from a Modified Case-Series Psychological Autopsy Investigation of Suicide Deaths.

Journal Article Cult Med Psychiatry · September 2018 South Asia accounts for the majority of the world's suicide deaths, but typical psychiatric or surveillance-based research approaches are limited due to incomplete vital surveillance. Despite rich anthropological scholarship in the region, such work has no ... Full text Link to item Cite

Chronic pain and mental health: integrated solutions for global problems.

Journal Article Pain · September 2018 Chronic pain is the leading cause of years lived with disability globally. Populations in low- and middle-income countries bear a disproportionate burden of chronic pain because of greater exposure to road injuries, interpersonal and political violence, un ... Full text Link to item Cite

Suicidal ideation and behaviour among community and health care seeking populations in five low- and middle-income countries: a cross-sectional study.

Journal Article Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci · August 2018 UNLABELLED: AimsSuicidal behaviour is an under-reported and hidden cause of death in most low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) due to lack of national systematic reporting for cause-specific mortality, high levels of stigma and religious or cultural san ... Full text Link to item Cite

A dialectical behavior therapy skills intervention for women with suicidal behaviors in rural Nepal: A single-case experimental design series.

Journal Article J Clin Psychol · July 2018 BACKGROUND: Suicide in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) accounts for 75% of the world's burden of suicide mortality and is the leading single cause of death among Nepali reproductive age women. To advance treatment for suicidal behaviors in LMICs, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Contextualization of psychological treatments for government health systems in low-resource settings: group interpersonal psychotherapy for caregivers of children with nodding syndrome in Uganda.

Journal Article Implement Sci · June 28, 2018 BACKGROUND: Evidence for the effectiveness of psychological treatments in low- and middle-income countries is increasing. However, there is a lack of systematic approaches to guide implementation in government health systems. The objective of this study wa ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Role of Communities in Mental Health Care in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Meta-Review of Components and Competencies.

Journal Article Int J Environ Res Public Health · June 16, 2018 Community-based mental health services are emphasized in the World Health Organization’s Mental Health Action Plan, the World Bank’s Disease Control Priorities, and the Action Plan of the World Psychiatric Association. There is increasing evide ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mental health and psychosocial problems in the aftermath of the Nepal earthquakes: findings from a representative cluster sample survey.

Journal Article Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci · June 2018 AIMS: Two large earthquakes in 2015 caused widespread destruction in Nepal. This study aimed to examine frequency of common mental health and psychosocial problems and their correlates following the earthquakes. METHODS: A stratified multi-stage cluster sa ... Full text Link to item Cite

A service user co-facilitated intervention to reduce mental illness stigma among primary healthcare workers: Utilizing perspectives of family members and caregivers.

Journal Article Fam Syst Health · June 2018 INTRODUCTION: Service users' involvement as cofacilitators of mental health trainings is a nascent endeavor in low- and middle-income countries, and the role of families on service user participation in trainings has received limited attention. This study ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prevalence and correlates of depression and alcohol use disorder among adults attending primary health care services in Nepal: a cross sectional study.

Journal Article BMC Health Serv Res · March 27, 2018 BACKGROUND: Although depression and alcohol use disorder (AUD) are expected to be common among patients presenting to primary health care setting, there is limited research on prevalence of depression and AUD among people attending primary health care serv ... Full text Link to item Cite

Maternal mental health priorities, help-seeking behaviors, and resources in post-conflict settings: a qualitative study in eastern Uganda.

Journal Article BMC Psychiatry · February 7, 2018 BACKGROUND: Limited knowledge exists to inform the selection and introduction of locally relevant, feasible, and effective mental health interventions in diverse socio-cultural contexts and health systems. We examined stakeholders' perspectives on mental h ... Full text Link to item Cite

Income inequality and depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the association and a scoping review of mechanisms.

Journal Article World Psychiatry · February 2018 Most countries have witnessed a dramatic increase of income inequality in the past three decades. This paper addresses the question of whether income inequality is associated with the population prevalence of depression and, if so, the potential mechanisms ... Full text Link to item Cite

Reducing stigma among healthcare providers to improve mental health services (RESHAPE): protocol for a pilot cluster randomized controlled trial of a stigma reduction intervention for training primary healthcare workers in Nepal.

Journal Article Pilot Feasibility Stud · 2018 BACKGROUND: Non-specialist healthcare providers, including primary and community healthcare workers, in low- and middle-income countries can effectively treat mental illness. However, scaling-up mental health services within existing health systems has bee ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Interpersonal violence and suicidality among former child soldiers and war-exposed civilian children in Nepal.

Journal Article Glob Ment Health (Camb) · 2018 BACKGROUND: Suicide risk reduction is crucial for 15-29-year-old youth, who account for 46% of suicide deaths in low- and middle-income countries. Suicide predictors in high-resource settings, specifically depression, do not adequately predict suicidality ... Full text Link to item Cite

Feasibility study of a family- and school-based intervention for child behavior problems in Nepal.

Journal Article Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health · 2018 BACKGROUND: This study evaluates the feasibility, acceptability, and outcomes of a combined school- and family-based intervention, delivered by psychosocial counselors, for children with behavior problems in rural Nepal. METHODS: Forty-one children partici ... Full text Link to item Cite

Protocol for a feasibility study of group-based focused psychosocial support to improve the psychosocial well-being and functioning of adults affected by humanitarian crises in Nepal: Group Problem Management Plus (PM+).

Journal Article Pilot Feasibility Stud · 2018 BACKGROUND: The prevalence of common mental disorders increases in humanitarian emergencies while access to services to address them decreases. Problem Management Plus (PM+) is a brief five-session trans-diagnostic psychological WHO intervention employing ... Full text Link to item Cite

Suicide in Nepal: a modified psychological autopsy investigation from randomly selected police cases between 2013 and 2015.

Journal Article Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol · December 2017 PURPOSE: Yearly, 600,000 people complete suicide in low- and middle-income countries, accounting for 75% of the world's burden of suicide mortality. The highest regional rates are in South and East Asia. Nepal has one of the highest suicide rates in the wo ... Full text Link to item Cite

A Cultural Adaptation of Dialectical Behavior Therapy in Nepal.

Journal Article Cogn Behav Pract · November 2017 Growing evidence exists on the potential for adapting evidence-based interventions for low- and-middle-income countries (LMIC). One opportunity that has received limited attention is the adaptation of psychotherapies developed in high-income countries (HIC ... Full text Link to item Cite

Translating mental health diagnostic and symptom terminology to train health workers and engage patients in cross-cultural, non-English speaking populations

Journal Article International Journal of Mental Health Systems · October 3, 2017 Although there are guidelines for transcultural adaptation and validation of psychometric tools, similar resources do not exist for translation of diagnostic and symptom terminology used by health professionals to communicate with one another, their patien ... Full text Cite

Health system preparedness for integration of mental health services in rural Liberia.

Journal Article BMC Health Serv Res · July 27, 2017 BACKGROUND: There are increasing efforts and attention focused on the delivery of mental health services in primary care in low resource settings (e.g., mental health Gap Action Programme, mhGAP). However, less attention is devoted to systematic approaches ... Full text Link to item Cite

Proactive community case-finding to facilitate treatment seeking for mental disorders, Nepal.

Journal Article Bull World Health Organ · July 1, 2017 PROBLEM: Underutilization of mental health services is a major barrier to reducing the burden of disease attributable to mental, neurological and substance-use disorders. Primary care-based screening to detect people with mental disorders misses people not ... Full text Link to item Cite

Depression, suicidality, and alcohol use disorder among people living with HIV/AIDS in Nigeria.

Journal Article BMC Public Health · June 2, 2017 BACKGROUND: People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) face various day-to-day and long-term personal, interpersonal, social, physical and psychological challenges as a result of, and in addition to the health conditions they are susceptible to due to their HIV s ... Full text Link to item Cite

How is depression experienced around the world? A systematic review of qualitative literature.

Journal Article Soc Sci Med · June 2017 To date global research on depression has used assessment tools based on research and clinical experience drawn from Western populations (i.e., in North American, European and Australian). There may be features of depression in non-Western populations whic ... Full text Link to item Cite

Psychological Treatments for the World: Lessons from Low- and Middle-Income Countries.

Journal Article Annu Rev Clin Psychol · May 8, 2017 Common mental disorders, including depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress, are leading causes of disability worldwide. Treatment for these disorders is limited in low- and middle-income countries. This systematic review synthesizes the implementatio ... Full text Link to item Cite

Non-communicable disease syndemics: poverty, depression, and diabetes among low-income populations.

Journal Article Lancet · March 4, 2017 The co-occurrence of health burdens in transitioning populations, particularly in specific socioeconomic and cultural contexts, calls for conceptual frameworks to improve understanding of risk factors, so as to better design and implement prevention and in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Partnerships in mental healthcare service delivery in low-resource settings: developing an innovative network in rural Nepal.

Journal Article Global Health · January 13, 2017 BACKGROUND: Mental illnesses are the largest contributors to the global burden of non-communicable diseases. However, there is extremely limited access to high quality, culturally-sensitive, and contextually-appropriate mental healthcare services. This sit ... Full text Link to item Cite

Treatment gap and barriers for mental health care: A cross-sectional community survey in Nepal.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2017 CONTEXT: There is limited research on the gap between the burden of mental disorders and treatment use in low- and middle-income countries. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the treatment gap among adults with depressive disorder (DD) and alc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Situational analysis to inform development of primary care and community-based mental health services for severe mental disorders in Nepal.

Journal Article Int J Ment Health Syst · 2017 BACKGROUND: Nepal is representative of Low and Middle Income Countries (LMIC) with limited availability of mental health services in rural areas, in which the majority of the population resides. METHODS: This formative qualitative study explores resources, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Addressing culture and context in humanitarian response: preparing desk reviews to inform mental health and psychosocial support.

Journal Article Confl Health · 2017 Delivery of effective mental health and psychosocial support programs requires knowledge of existing health systems and socio-cultural context. To respond rapidly to humanitarian emergencies, international organizations often seek to design programs accord ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evaluation of outcomes for psychosis and epilepsy treatment delivered by primary health care workers in Nepal: a cohort study.

Journal Article Int J Ment Health Syst · 2017 BACKGROUND: Most evaluations of task-shifting have focused on common mental disorders. Much less work has been done on severe mental neurological and substance use (MNS) disorders, such as chronic psychosis and epilepsy. Given the high burden associated wi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Improving detection of mental health problems in community settings in Nepal: development and pilot testing of the community informant detection tool.

Journal Article Confl Health · 2017 BACKGROUND: Despite increasing efforts to expand availability of mental health services throughout the world, there continues to be limited utilization of these services by persons with mental illness and their families. Community-based detection that faci ... Full text Link to item Cite

Elucidating adolescent aspirational models for the design of public mental health interventions: a mixed-method study in rural Nepal.

Journal Article Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health · 2017 BACKGROUND: Adolescent aspirational models are sets of preferences for an idealized self. Aspirational models influence behavior and exposure to risk factors that shape adult mental and physical health. Cross-cultural understandings of adolescent aspiratio ... Full text Link to item Cite

Utilization of Standardized Mental Health Assessments in Anthropological Research: Possibilities and Pitfalls.

Journal Article Cult Med Psychiatry · December 2016 In the past decade anthropologists working the boundary of culture, medicine, and psychiatry have drawn from ethnographic and epidemiological methods to interdigitate data and provide more depth in understanding critical health problems. But rarely do thes ... Full text Link to item Cite

Culture and Comorbidity: Intimate Partner Violence as a Common Risk Factor for Maternal Mental Illness and Reproductive Health Problems among Former Child Soldiers in Nepal.

Journal Article Med Anthropol Q · December 2016 Our objective was to elucidate how culture influences internal (psychological), external (social), institutional (structural), and health care (medical) processes, which, taken together, create differential risk of comorbidity across contexts. To develop a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Promises and pitfalls of data sharing in qualitative research.

Journal Article Soc Sci Med · November 2016 The movement for research transparency has gained irresistible momentum over the past decade. Although qualitative research is rarely published in the high-impact journals that have adopted, or are most likely to adopt, data sharing policies, qualitative r ... Full text Link to item Cite

Global Mental Health: Five Areas for Value-Driven Training Innovation.

Journal Article Acad Psychiatry · August 2016 OBJECTIVE: In the field of global mental health, there is a need for identifying core values and competencies to guide training programs in professional practice as well as in academia. This paper presents the results of interdisciplinary discussions foste ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Recruitment of child soldiers in Nepal: Mental health status and risk factors for voluntary participation of youth in armed groups.

Journal Article Peace Confl · August 2016 Preventing involuntary conscription and voluntary recruitment of youth into armed groups are global human rights priorities. Pathways for self-reported voluntary recruitment and the impact of voluntary recruitment on mental health have received limited att ... Full text Link to item Cite

Psychological resilience and the gene regulatory impact of posttraumatic stress in Nepali child soldiers.

Journal Article Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · July 19, 2016 Adverse social conditions in early life have been linked to increased expression of proinflammatory genes and reduced expression of antiviral genes in circulating immune cells-the conserved transcriptional response to adversity (CTRA). However, it remains ... Full text Link to item Cite

People, praxis, and power in global mental health: Anthropology and the experience gap

Chapter · July 1, 2016 REVEREND BILL JALLAH, A LIBERIAN religious leader and agricultural social entrepreneur in his late fifties, and I, an American anthropologist and psychiatrist, stood in front of a room of 34 community health volunteers, nurses, midwives, and persons living ... Full text Cite

Global mental health: Anthropological perspectives

Book · July 1, 2016 While there is increasing political interest in research and policy-making for global mental health, there remain major gaps in the education of students in health fields for understanding the complexities of diverse mental health conditions. Drawing on th ... Full text Cite

Anthropological methods in global mental health research

Chapter · July 1, 2016 The author uses the story of one Nicaraguan family to show how pensando mucho and other embodied idioms are meaningful ways for family members to express their emotional responses to transnational life across generations and even across national borders. L ... Full text Cite

Historical background: Medical anthropology and global mental health

Chapter · July 1, 2016 Juana entered secondary school in the 1990s. Juana’s peers all had either experienced or witnessed significant domestic violence in some way, a phenomenon disturbingly common in recently post-colonial contexts. Juana and her cohort managed awful experience ... Full text Cite

Introduction: Anthropological perspectives on global mental health

Book · July 1, 2016 This chapter argues that unemployed young men have difficulty constructing narratives in which they are progressing toward a desirable future. It based on intermittent ethnographic research in Jimma, Ethiopia, from 2003 to 2012. Jimma is located in a lush, ... Full text Cite

Outpatient Mental Health Services in Mozambique: Use and Treatments.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · June 1, 2016 To describe current outpatient mental health service use and treatments in Mozambique, the authors reviewed registry entries for 2,071 outpatient psychiatric visits at the Beira Central Hospital in Sofala Province from January 2012 to September 2014. Servi ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

The ecocultural context and child behavior problems: A qualitative analysis in rural Nepal.

Journal Article Soc Sci Med · June 2016 Commonly used paradigms for studying child psychopathology emphasize individual-level factors and often neglect the role of context in shaping risk and protective factors among children, families, and communities. To address this gap, we evaluated influenc ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Managing Stigma Effectively: What Social Psychology and Social Neuroscience Can Teach Us.

Journal Article Acad Psychiatry · April 2016 Psychiatric education is confronted with three barriers to managing stigma associated with mental health treatment. First, there are limited evidence-based practices for stigma reduction, and interventions to deal with stigma against mental health care pro ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Detection of depression in low resource settings: validation of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and cultural concepts of distress in Nepal.

Journal Article BMC Psychiatry · March 8, 2016 BACKGROUND: Despite recognition of the burden of disease due to mood disorders in low- and middle-income countries, there is a lack of consensus on best practices for detecting depression. Self-report screening tools, such as the Patient Health Questionnai ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Suicide surveillance and health systems in Nepal: a qualitative and social network analysis.

Journal Article Int J Ment Health Syst · 2016 BACKGROUND: Despite increasing recognition of the high burden of suicide deaths in low- and middle-income countries, there is wide variability in the type and quality of data collected and reported for suspected suicide deaths. Suicide data are filtered th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Development process of an assessment tool for disruptive behavior problems in cross-cultural settings: the Disruptive Behavior International Scale - Nepal version (DBIS-N).

Journal Article Int J Cult Ment Health · 2016 Systematic processes are needed to develop valid measurement instruments for disruptive behavior disorders (DBDs) in cross-cultural settings. We employed a four-step process in Nepal to identify and select items for a culturally valid assessment instrument ... Full text Link to item Cite

Accuracy of proactive case finding for mental disorders by community informants in Nepal.

Journal Article Br J Psychiatry · December 2015 BACKGROUND: Accurate detection of persons in need of mental healthcare is crucial to reduce the treatment gap between psychiatric burden and service use in low- and middle-income (LAMI) countries. AIMS: To evaluate the accuracy of a community-based proacti ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

"Thinking too much": A systematic review of a common idiom of distress.

Journal Article Soc Sci Med · December 2015 Idioms of distress communicate suffering via reference to shared ethnopsychologies, and better understanding of idioms of distress can contribute to effective clinical and public health communication. This systematic review is a qualitative synthesis of "t ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Scale properties of the Kreyòl Distress Idioms (KDI) screener: association of an ethnographically-developed instrument with depression, anxiety, and sociocultural risk factors in rural Haiti

Journal Article International Journal of Culture and Mental Health · October 2, 2015 Psychiatric instruments have limitations cross-culturally due to variations in conceptualizations and communication of mental distress. We evaluated a locally-developed screening tool for measuring mental distress in rural Haiti. We employed mixed methods ... Full text Cite

Social stressors, social support, and mental health among Haitian migrants in the Dominican Republic.

Journal Article Rev Panam Salud Publica · August 2015 This mixed-method study explored the social world of Haitian migrants, examining forms of social support and social stress, as well as their relationship to mental health. Among six Haitian migrant communities in the Cibao Valley of the Dominican Republic, ... Link to item Cite

A public health approach to address the mental health burden of youth in situations of political violence and humanitarian emergencies.

Journal Article Curr Psychiatry Rep · July 2015 This paper describes how socio-ecological theory and a syndemic health systems and public health approach may help address the plight of youth in situations of political violence and humanitarian emergencies. We describe the treatment gap caused by discrep ... Full text Link to item Cite

Task sharing in rural Haiti: Qualitative assessment of a brief, structured training with and without apprenticeship supervision for community health workers.

Journal Article Intervention (Amstelveen) · July 2015 Despite growing support for supervision after task sharing trainings in humanitarian settings, there is limited research on the experience of trainees in apprenticeship and other supervision approaches. Studying apprenticeships from trainees' perspectives ... Full text Link to item Cite

Therapist competence in global mental health: Development of the ENhancing Assessment of Common Therapeutic factors (ENACT) rating scale.

Journal Article Behav Res Ther · June 2015 Lack of reliable and valid measures of therapist competence is a barrier to dissemination and implementation of psychological treatments in global mental health. We developed the ENhancing Assessment of Common Therapeutic factors (ENACT) rating scale for t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Psychosocial interventions for disruptive behavioural problems in children living in low- and middle-income countries: study protocol of a systematic review.

Journal Article BMJ Open · May 20, 2015 INTRODUCTION: Disruptive behaviour disorders (DBDs) are among the most common forms of child psychopathology and have serious long-term academic, social, and mental health consequences worldwide. Psychosocial treatments are the first line of evidence-based ... Full text Link to item Cite

Corrigendum

Journal Article Ethnicity & Health · May 4, 2015 Full text Cite

Implications of participatory methods to address mental health needs associated with climate change: 'photovoice' in Nepal.

Journal Article BJPsych Int · May 2015 'Photovoice', a community-based participatory research methodology, uses images as a tool to deconstruct problems by posing meaningful questions in a community to find actionable solutions. This community-enhancing technique was used to elicit experiences ... Full text Link to item Cite

Child Soldiers

Chapter · March 26, 2015 Child soldiers can be any person under 18 associated with an armed group and fulfilling many roles that may or may not involve combat. An estimated 300. 000 children across the globe are members of state militaries and other armed groups. Although armed gr ... Full text Cite

Child abuse, disruptive behavior disorders, depression, and salivary cortisol levels among institutionalized and community-residing boys in Mongolia.

Journal Article Asia Pac Psychiatry · March 2015 INTRODUCTION: Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity is related to childhood disruptive behavior disorders and to exposure to abuse and neglect. This study explores the relationship of diurnal salivary cortisol levels with oppositional defiant ... Full text Link to item Cite

Adapting the Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) model of police-mental health collaboration in a low-income, post-conflict country: curriculum development in Liberia, West Africa.

Journal Article Am J Public Health · March 2015 OBJECTIVES: We sought to develop a curriculum and collaboration model for law enforcement and mental health services in Liberia, West Africa. METHODS: In 2013 we conducted key informant interviews with law enforcement officers, mental health clinicians, an ... Full text Link to item Cite

Perceived discrimination, humiliation, and mental health: a mixed-methods study among Haitian migrants in the Dominican Republic.

Journal Article Ethn Health · 2015 OBJECTIVE: Many Haitian migrants live and work as undocumented laborers in the Dominican Republic. This study examines the legacy of anti-Haitian discrimination in the Dominican Republic and association of discrimination with mental health among Haitian mi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Designing mental health interventions informed by child development and human biology theory: a social ecology intervention for child soldiers in Nepal.

Journal Article Am J Hum Biol · 2015 The anthropological study of human biology, health, and child development provides a model with potential to address the gap in population-wide mental health interventions. Four key concepts from human biology can inform public mental health interventions: ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prevalence of undiagnosed depression among persons with hypertension and associated risk factors: a cross-sectional study in urban Nepal.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2015 BACKGROUND: Despite an increasing number of studies exploring prevalence of depression among hypertensive patients in high income countries, limited data is available from low and middle income countries, particularly Nepal. Our aim was to investigate the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cross-cultural gene- environment interactions in depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, and the cortisol awakening response: FKBP5 polymorphisms and childhood trauma in South Asia.

Journal Article Int Rev Psychiatry · 2015 Despite increased attention to global mental health, psychiatric genetic research has been dominated by studies in high-income countries, especially with populations of European descent. The objective of this study was to assess single nucleotide polymorph ... Full text Link to item Cite

Perceived behavioral problems of school aged children in rural Nepal: a qualitative study.

Journal Article Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health · 2015 BACKGROUND: Studies on child behavioral problems from low and middle income countries are scarce, even more so in Nepal. This paper explores parents', family members' and teachers' perceptions of child behavioral problems, strategies used and recommendatio ... Full text Link to item Cite

Perceived behavioral problems of school aged children in rural Nepal: A qualitative study

Journal Article Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health · 2015 © 2015 Adhikari et al.Background: Studies on child behavioral problems from low and middle income countries are scarce, even more so in Nepal. This paper explores parents', family members' and teachers' perceptions of child behavioral problems, strategies ... Full text Cite

Global mental health praxis: Perspectives from cultural psychiatry on research and intervention

Chapter · January 1, 2015 Introduction As psychiatric discourse continues to spread throughout the world, there is a need to ask how psychiatric knowledge is generated, what forms of psychiatric knowledge hold power in different settings, and what determines how knowledge is transf ... Full text Cite

Alternative approaches for studying humanitarian interventions: propensity score methods to evaluate reintegration packages impact on depression, PTSD, and function impairment among child soldiers in Nepal.

Journal Article Glob Ment Health (Camb) · 2015 BACKGROUND: Ethical, logistical, and funding approaches preclude conducting randomized control trials (RCTs) in some humanitarian crises. A lack of RCTs and other intervention research has contributed to a limited evidence-base for mental health and psycho ... Full text Link to item Cite

Development of a scoring system for non-specialist ratings of clinical competence in global mental health: a qualitative process evaluation of the Enhancing Assessment of Common Therapeutic Factors (ENACT) scale.

Journal Article Glob Ment Health (Camb) · 2015 Task-sharing is the involvement of non-specialist providers to deliver mental health services. A challenge for task-sharing programs is to achieve and maintain clinical competence of non-specialists, including primary care workers, paraprofessionals, and l ... Full text Link to item Cite

Noninfectious disease among the Bhutanese refugee population at a United States urban clinic.

Journal Article J Immigr Minor Health · October 2014 A large number of Bhutanese are currently being resettled to the United States. A high prevalence of noninfectious diseases has been noted in some refugee groups, but data on the Bhutanese refugee population are lacking. A retrospective, chart review study ... Full text Link to item Cite

Reflechi twòp--thinking too much: description of a cultural syndrome in Haiti's Central Plateau.

Journal Article Cult Med Psychiatry · September 2014 A rich Haitian ethnopsychology has been described, detailing concepts of personhood, explanatory models of illness, and links between mind and body. However, little research has engaged explicitly with mental illness, and that which does focuses on the Kre ... Full text Link to item Cite

Barriers to sexual and reproductive health care among widows in Nepal.

Journal Article Int J Gynaecol Obstet · May 2014 OBJECTIVE: To investigate how the social status of high-caste Nepali widows of reproductive age impacts their sexual and reproductive health care. METHODS: Twenty-one in-depth interviews and 1 focus group (n=6) were conducted between September and November ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cultural concepts of distress and psychiatric disorders: literature review and research recommendations for global mental health epidemiology.

Journal Article Int J Epidemiol · April 2014 BACKGROUND: Burgeoning global mental health endeavors have renewed debates about cultural applicability of psychiatric categories. This study's goal is to review strengths and limitations of literature comparing psychiatric categories with cultural concept ... Full text Link to item Cite

Authorship in global mental health research: recommendations for collaborative approaches to writing and publishing.

Journal Article Ann Glob Health · 2014 BACKGROUND: Collaborations among researchers, clinicians, and individuals with mental illness from high-income countries (HICs) and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are crucial to produce research, interventions, and policies that are relevant, fea ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Role of traditional rituals for reintegration andpsychosocial well-being of child soldiers in Nepal

Chapter · January 1, 2014 Raj became a soldier in the Maoist People’s Liberation Army when he was fourteen years old. He joined after Maoist youth threatened to kill his father. Raj deserted hisbattalion after two years in the Maoist army. Maoists and the Nepal government signed pe ... Full text Cite

Child Maltreatment and Global Health: Biocultural Perspectives

Chapter · January 1, 2014 In this chapter, the challenges of applying cultural, biological, and structural models to child maltreatment are discussed. As a prolegomenon toward more biocultural approaches of conceptualizing maltreatment in the field of global mental health, the rela ... Full text Cite

Medical diplomacy and global mental health: from community and national institutions to regional centers of excellence.

Journal Article Community Ment Health J · December 2013 We explore how regional medical diplomacy can increase funding for global mental health initiatives. Interventions for infectious diseases have dominated medical diplomacy by focusing on security concerns. The global mental health movement has adopted simi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prevalence of depression and associated risk factors among persons with type-2 diabetes mellitus without a prior psychiatric history: a cross-sectional study in clinical settings in urban Nepal.

Journal Article BMC Psychiatry · November 15, 2013 BACKGROUND: Diabetes is a growing health problem in South Asia. Despite an increasing number of studies exploring causal pathways between diabetes and depression in high-income countries (HIC), the pathway between the two disorders has received limited att ... Full text Link to item Cite

Social ecology interventions for post-traumatic stress disorder: what can we learn from child soldiers?

Journal Article Br J Psychiatry · September 2013 Research with child soldiers is crucial to improving mental health services after war. This research also can illuminate innovative approaches to treating post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among adult soldiers, veterans and other trauma survivors in hi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Strategies for assessing mental health in Haiti: local instrument development and transcultural translation.

Journal Article Transcult Psychiatry · August 2013 The lack of culturally appropriate mental health assessment instruments is a major barrier to screening and evaluating efficacy of interventions. Simple translation of questionnaires produces misleading and inaccurate conclusions. Multiple alternate approa ... Full text Link to item Cite

Impact of peer support on PTSD, Hope, and functional impairment: A mixed-methods study of child soldiers in Nepal

Journal Article Journal of Aggression Maltreatment and Trauma · August 1, 2013 The experience of child soldiers during postwar civilian reintegration is recognized as a major contributor to mental health. For some children, postwar social relations may be more important than war trauma in determining psychosocial well-being. Mixed me ... Full text Cite

Determinants of care seeking for mental health problems in rural Haiti: culture, cost, or competency.

Journal Article Psychiatr Serv · April 1, 2013 OBJECTIVE: This study examined patterns, determinants, and costs of seeking care for mild to moderate psychiatric distress in order to determine optimal approaches for expanding mental health care in rural Haiti. METHODS: A cross-sectional, zone-stratified ... Full text Link to item Cite

Suicide in rural Haiti: clinical and community perceptions of prevalence, etiology, and prevention.

Journal Article Soc Sci Med · April 2013 Suicide is a complex global public health problem, yet few studies have examined local socio-cultural explanatory models and other contextual factors surrounding suicide in low-and-middle-income countries. Such research is critical, as suicide frequency an ... Full text Link to item Cite

Conflict and mental health: a cross-sectional epidemiological study in Nepal.

Journal Article Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol · February 2013 PURPOSE: The aim of this epidemiological study was to identify prevalence rates of mental health problems, factors associated with poor mental health and protective and risk factors in a post-conflict situation in Nepal. METHODS: This cross-sectional study ... Full text Link to item Cite

Psychosocial adjustment and mental health in former child soldiers--systematic review of the literature and recommendations for future research.

Journal Article J Child Psychol Psychiatry · January 2013 AIMS AND SCOPE: This article reviews the available quantitative research on psychosocial adjustment and mental health among children (age <18 years) associated with armed forces and armed groups (CAAFAG)--commonly referred to as child soldiers. METHODS: PR ... Full text Link to item Cite

Reintegration of child soldiers in Burundi: a tracer study.

Journal Article BMC Public Health · October 25, 2012 BACKGROUND: Substantial attention and resources are aimed at the reintegration of child soldiers, yet rigorous evaluations are rare. METHODS: This tracer study was conducted among former child soldiers (N=452) and never-recruited peers (N=191) who particip ... Full text Link to item Cite

Political violence and mental health in Nepal: prospective study.

Journal Article Br J Psychiatry · October 2012 BACKGROUND: Post-conflict mental health studies in low-income countries have lacked pre-conflict data to evaluate changes in psychiatric morbidity resulting from political violence. AIMS: This prospective study compares mental health before and after expos ... Full text Link to item Cite

Depression, suicidal ideation, and associated factors: a cross-sectional study in rural Haiti.

Journal Article BMC Psychiatry · September 19, 2012 BACKGROUND: Since the 2010 earthquake in Haiti, there has been increased international attention to mental health needs throughout the country. The present study represents one of the first epidemiologic studies of depression symptomatology, suicidal ideat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Children in Global Adversity: Physical, Mental, Behavioral, and Symbolic Dimensions of Health

Chapter · September 18, 2012 Early childhood experiences are known to influence key biological systems such as brain development, cell growth, hormonal, and immune development, a process known as "biological embedding" that reflects close associations between the social and the develo ... Full text Cite

Explanatory models and mental health treatment: is vodou an obstacle to psychiatric treatment in rural Haiti?

Journal Article Cult Med Psychiatry · September 2012 Vodou as an explanatory framework for illness has been considered an impediment to biomedical psychiatric treatment in rural Haiti by some scholars and Haitian professionals. According to this perspective, attribution of mental illness to supernatural poss ... Full text Link to item Cite

Idioms of distress, ethnopsychology, and the clinical encounter in Haiti's Central Plateau.

Journal Article Soc Sci Med · August 2012 Haiti's 2010 earthquake mobilized mental health and psychosocial interventions from across the globe. However, failure to understand how psychological distress is communicated between lay persons and health workers in rural clinics, where most Haitians acc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Applying nepali ethnopsychology to psychotherapy for the treatment of mental illness and prevention of suicide among bhutanese refugees

Journal Article Annals of Anthropological Practice · May 1, 2012 Addressing mental health needs of 100,000 ethnic Nepali Bhutanese refugees relocated from Nepal is a new challenge for mental health clinicians in the receiving countries. A limitation of current services is the lack of knowledge about cultural understandi ... Full text Cite

Hemicrania Continua Headache in a Veteran with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder without Traumatic Brain Injury.

Journal Article Case Rep Psychiatry · 2012 Hemicrania continua is a headache characterized by chronic unremitting unilateral pain associated with ipsilateral autonomic findings. This type of headache responds to high-flow oxygen and indomethacin. This case report describes a male veteran with postt ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cognitive behavioral therapy and cancer

Journal Article Psychiatric Annals · September 1, 2011 Full text Cite

Validation of cross-cultural child mental health and psychosocial research instruments: adapting the Depression Self-Rating Scale and Child PTSD Symptom Scale in Nepal.

Journal Article BMC Psychiatry · August 4, 2011 BACKGROUND: The lack of culturally adapted and validated instruments for child mental health and psychosocial support in low and middle-income countries is a barrier to assessing prevalence of mental health problems, evaluating interventions, and determini ... Full text Link to item Cite

Social ecology of child soldiers: child, family, and community determinants of mental health, psychosocial well-being, and reintegration in Nepal.

Journal Article Transcult Psychiatry · November 2010 This study employed a social ecology framework to evaluate psychosocial well-being in a cross-sectional sample of 142 former child soldiers in Nepal. Outcome measures included the Depression Self Rating Scale (DSRS), Child Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Sym ... Full text Link to item Cite

Four principles of mental health research and psychosocial intervention for child soldiers: lessons learned in Nepal.

Journal Article Int Psychiatry · July 2010 Child soldiers represent a challenging population for mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS), as we have little evidence regarding their needs or the efficacy of interventions. Despite an increasing breadth of MHPSS interventions for children affec ... Open Access Link to item Cite

Evaluation of a classroom-based psychosocial intervention in conflict-affected Nepal: a cluster randomized controlled trial.

Journal Article J Child Psychol Psychiatry · July 2010 BACKGROUND: In situations of ongoing violence, childhood psychosocial and mental health problems require care. However, resources and evidence for adequate interventions are scarce for children in low- and middle-income countries. This study evaluated a sc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Nepali concepts of psychological trauma: the role of idioms of distress, ethnopsychology and ethnophysiology in alleviating suffering and preventing stigma.

Journal Article Cult Med Psychiatry · June 2010 In the aftermath of a decade-long Maoist civil war in Nepal and the recent relocation of thousands of Bhutanese refugees from Nepal to Western countries, there has been rapid growth of mental health and psychosocial support programs, including posttraumati ... Full text Link to item Cite

Political violence and mental health: a multi-disciplinary review of the literature on Nepal.

Journal Article Soc Sci Med · January 2010 Implementation of current international consensus guidelines regarding mental health and psychosocial support in emergencies requires the consideration of findings from both the medical and social sciences. This paper presents a multi-disciplinary review o ... Full text Link to item Cite

Culture in psychiatric epidemiology: using ethnography and multiple mediator models to assess the relationship of caste with depression and anxiety in Nepal.

Journal Article Ann Hum Biol · 2009 BACKGROUND: The causes of ethnic and caste-based disparities in mental health are poorly understood. AIM: The study aimed to identify mediators underlying caste-based disparities in mental health in Nepal. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A mixed methods ethnographic ... Full text Link to item Cite

Gender and anxiety in Nepal: the role of social support, stressful life events, and structural violence.

Journal Article CNS Neurosci Ther · 2009 INTRODUCTION: Throughout the world, anxiety disorders are 1.5-2 times more prevalent among women than men but the reasons for this gender disparity remain elusive. Despite frequent attribution to cultural roles of men and women, data regarding gendered ris ... Full text Link to item Cite

Measuring mental health in child soldiers.

Journal Article JAMA · December 17, 2008 Full text Link to item Cite

Navigating diagnoses: understanding mind-body relations, mental health, and stigma in Nepal.

Journal Article Cult Med Psychiatry · December 2008 Anthropologists and psychiatrists traditionally have used the salience of a mind-body dichotomy to distinguish Western from non-Western ethnopsychologies. However, despite claims of mind-body holism in non-Western cultures, mind-body divisions are prominen ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comparison of mental health between former child soldiers and children never conscripted by armed groups in Nepal.

Journal Article JAMA · August 13, 2008 CONTEXT: Former child soldiers are considered in need of special mental health interventions. However, there is a lack of studies investigating the mental health of child soldiers compared with civilian children in armed conflicts. OBJECTIVE: To compare th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Estimating between- and within-individual variation in cortisol levels using multilevel models.

Journal Article Psychoneuroendocrinology · August 2005 Cortisol measures often are used to examine variation in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) activity as well as broader patterns of differential health. However, substantial within-individual variation renders single cortisol measurements unreliable ... Full text Link to item Cite

Receding horizons of health: biocultural approaches to public health paradoxes.

Journal Article Soc Sci Med · August 2005 Worldwide challenges to health reflect a "paradox of success," whereby both the strengths and the weaknesses of current approaches in public health, epidemiology, and biomedicine have determined the nature of the health problems we now face. In detail, we ... Full text Link to item Cite

"Somatization" and "comorbidity": A study of jhum-jhum and depression in rural Nepal

Journal Article Ethos · March 1, 2005 Research on depression in non-Western settings has focused on "somatization," defined as recurrent bodily complaints among persons with psychological distress. Such studies have often recorded higher rates of somatization in non-Western groups compared to ... Full text Cite

Distribution of distress in post-socialist Mongolia: a cultural epidemiology of yadargaa.

Journal Article Soc Sci Med · February 2004 This study discusses quality of life in post-socialist Mongolia. Yadargaa, a fatigue-related illness in traditional Mongolian medicine, results from lifestyle imbalance. We examine the distribution of yadargaa and its association to socioeconomic changes u ... Full text Link to item Cite

An ecological-transactional model of significant risk factors for child psychopathology in outer mongolia.

Journal Article Child Psychiatry Hum Dev · 2004 The present study examined significant risk factors, including child maltreatment, for child psychopathology in a cross-cultural setting. Ninety-nine Mongolian boys, ages 3-10 years, were assessed. Primary caregivers (PCG) completed structured interviews i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Jhum-jhum: Depression, somatization and comorbidity in Nepal

Journal Article PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE · January 1, 2002 Link to item Cite

Vulnerability and stress in Mongolia: the adaptive significance of yadargaa.

Journal Article AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY · January 1, 2001 Link to item Cite

Yadargaa: a culturally and biologically bound illness in Mongolia.

Journal Article AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN BIOLOGY · January 1, 2001 Link to item Cite

Neuropsychological functioning as a moderator of the relationship between psychosocial functioning and the subjective experience of self and life in schizophrenia.

Journal Article Schizophr Bull · 2001 Psychosocial interventions and models of quality of life in schizophrenia are based on the notion that increases in psychosocial functioning will be related to improvements in subjective experience outcomes such as self-esteem and satisfaction with life. H ... Full text Link to item Cite