Scholars@Duke
Cynthia Moreton Kuhn

Cynthia Moreton Kuhn

Professor of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology
Pharmacology & Cancer Biology
ckuhn@duke.edu
Duke Box 3813, Durham, NC 27710
308 Research Drive, Durham, NC 27710

Selected Publications

Hair Cortisol Concentrations in the Prediction of Early Substance Use Engagement in Youth.

Journal Article Subst Use Misuse · 2025 OBJECTIVE: Understanding factors associated with early onset of substance use is critical as using alcohol or drugs at a young age is a strong predictor of later substance dependency. Experiencing stressful life events is associated with increased risk for ... Full text Link to item Cite

Applying the Research Domain Criteria to Rodent Studies of Sex Differences in Chronic Stress Susceptibility.

Journal Article Biol Psychiatry · December 1, 2024 Women have a 2-fold increased rate of stress-associated psychiatric disorders such as depression and anxiety, but the mechanisms that underlie this increased susceptibility remain incompletely understood. Historically, female subjects were excluded from pr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Maternal diet disrupts the placenta-brain axis in a sex-specific manner.

Journal Article Nat Metab · December 2022 High maternal weight is associated with detrimental outcomes in offspring, including increased susceptibility to neurological disorders such as anxiety, depression and communicative disorders. Despite widespread acknowledgement of sex biases in the develop ... Full text Link to item Cite

Rapastinel accelerates loss of withdrawal signs after repeated morphine and blunts relapse to conditioned place preference.

Journal Article Pharmacol Biochem Behav · November 2022 The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of rapastinel, an allosteric modulator of NMDA receptor function, to accelerate the loss of opioid withdrawal symptoms and blunt or prevent relapse to morphine conditioned place preference (CPP) ... Full text Link to item Cite

IN MEMORIAM Marc Caron 1946-2022.

Journal Article Neuropsychopharmacology · August 2022 Full text Link to item Cite

Male and female rats exhibit comparable gaping behavior but activate brain regions differently during expression of conditioned nausea.

Journal Article Behav Pharmacol · June 1, 2022 Twenty-five to fifty percent of patients undergoing chemotherapy will develop anticipatory nausea and vomiting (ANV), in which symptoms occur in anticipation of treatment. ANV is triggered by environmental cues and shows little response to traditional anti ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sex and race differences of cerebrospinal fluid metabolites in healthy individuals.

Journal Article Metabolomics · January 18, 2021 INTRODUCTION: Analyses of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) metabolites in large, healthy samples have been limited and potential demographic moderators of brain metabolism are largely unknown. OBJECTIVE: Our objective in this study was to examine sex and race dif ... Full text Link to item Cite

The role of sex in the persistent effects of adolescent alcohol exposure on behavior and neurobiology in rodents.

Chapter · 2021 Alcohol drinking is often initiated during adolescence, and this frequently escalates to binge drinking. As adolescence is also a period of dynamic neurodevelopment, preclinical evidence has highlighted that some of the consequences of binge drinking can b ... Full text Link to item Cite

The effects of peri-adolescent alcohol use on the developing hippocampus.

Chapter · 2021 Adolescence is a period of continued brain development. Regions of the brain, such as the hippocampus, continue to undergo refinement and maturation throughout adolescence and into early adulthood. Adolescence is also a time of heightened sensitivity to no ... Full text Link to item Cite

Behavior and Fos activation reveal that male and female rats differentially assess affective valence during CTA learning and expression.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2021 Females are more affected by psychiatric illnesses including eating disorders, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder than males. However, the neural mechanisms mediating these sex differences are poorly understood. Animal models can be useful in e ... Full text Link to item Cite

Novel mucosal adjuvant, mastoparan-7, improves cocaine vaccine efficacy.

Journal Article NPJ Vaccines · 2020 Cocaine is one of the most potent and addictive psychostimulants known and there are no available pharmacotherapies to treat cocaine addiction. Here we describe a novel cocaine vaccine employing the mucosal adjuvant and mast cell-activating oligopeptide, m ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Sex Differences in Conditioned Taste Aversion

Conference BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY · 2020 Cite

Sex Differences in Conditioned Taste Aversion

Conference NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY · 2020 Cite

Withdrawal from Brief Repeated Alcohol Treatment in Adolescent and Adult Male and Female Rats.

Journal Article Alcohol Clin Exp Res · February 2019 BACKGROUND: Early initiation of alcohol drinking has been associated with increased risk of alcohol dependence in adulthood. Although negative affect mediated in part by corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) is a strong motivator for alcohol consumption in ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Effects of Tryptophan Enhancement and Depletion on Plasma Catecholamine Levels in Healthy Individuals.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · January 2019 OBJECTIVE: Central nervous system (CNS) serotonin (5-HT) exerts both excitatory and inhibitory effects on the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) in animals. In this study, we examine the effects of tryptophan enhancement and depletion on plasma catecholamine ... Full text Link to item Cite

Rapastinel, a Nonopioid Pharmacotherapy for Opioid Dependence?

Conference NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY · December 1, 2018 Link to item Cite

Impact of a Neuroscience-Based Health Education Course on High School Students' Health Knowledge, Beliefs, and Behaviors.

Journal Article J Adolesc Health · October 2018 PURPOSE: The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the potential of an innovative high school neuroscience-based health course for implementation feasibility and impact on student outcomes. METHODS: Thirteen teachers from two high schools participate ... Full text Link to item Cite

Perinatal western-type diet and associated gestational weight gain alter postpartum maternal mood.

Journal Article Brain Behav · October 2017 INTRODUCTION: The role of perinatal diet in postpartum maternal mood disorders, including depression and anxiety, remains unclear. We investigated whether perinatal consumption of a Western-type diet (high in fat and branched-chain amino acids [BCAA]) and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Val66Met polymorphism interacts with gender to influence cortisol responses to mental stress.

Journal Article Psychoneuroendocrinology · May 2017 Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Val66Met polymorphism has been associated with cortisol responses to stress with gender differences reported, although the findings are not entirely consistent. To evaluate the role of Val66Met genotype and gender o ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mental stress-induced left ventricular dysfunction and adverse outcome in ischemic heart disease patients.

Journal Article Eur J Prev Cardiol · April 2017 Aims Mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia (MSIMI) occurs in up to 70% of patients with clinically stable ischemic heart disease and is associated with increased risk of adverse prognosis. We aimed to examine the prognostic value of indices of MSIMI an ... Full text Link to item Cite

Associations between positive emotional well-being and stress-induced myocardial ischemia: Well-being scores predict exercise-induced ischemia.

Journal Article J Psychosom Res · February 2017 OBJECTIVE: Depressive symptoms have been associated with myocardial ischemia induced by mental (MSIMI) and exercise (ESIMI) stress in clinically stable ischemic heart disease (IHD) patients, but the association between positive emotions and inducible ische ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ethanol Withdrawal in Adolescent and Adult Rats

Conference NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY · December 1, 2015 Link to item Cite

Emergence of sex differences in the development of substance use and abuse during adolescence.

Journal Article Pharmacol Ther · September 2015 Substance use and abuse begin during adolescence. Male and female adolescent humans initiate use at comparable rates, but males increase use faster. In adulthood, more men than women use and abuse addictive drugs. However, some women progress more rapidly ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Role of Serotonin (5-HT) in Behavioral Control: Findings from Animal Research and Clinical Implications.

Journal Article Int J Neuropsychopharmacol · May 19, 2015 The neurotransmitters serotonin and dopamine both have a critical role in the underlying neurobiology of different behaviors. With focus on the interplay between dopamine and serotonin, it has been proposed that dopamine biases behavior towards habitual re ... Full text Link to item Cite

Platelet aggregation and mental stress induced myocardial ischemia: Results from the Responses of Myocardial Ischemia to Escitalopram Treatment (REMIT) study.

Journal Article Am Heart J · April 2015 BACKGROUND: Mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia (MSIMI) is common in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) and associated with a poorer cardiovascular prognosis. Platelet hyperactivity is an important factor in acute coronary syndrome. This stud ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Platelet aggregation and mental stress induced myocardial ischemia: Results from the Responses of Myocardial Ischemia to Escitalopram Treatment (REMIT) study

Journal Article American Heart Journal · April 1, 2015 Background Mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia (MSIMI) is common in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) and associated with a poorer cardiovascular prognosis. Platelet hyperactivity is an important factor in acute coronary syndrome. This study ... Full text Cite

Associations between central nervous system serotonin, fasting glucose, and hostility in African American females.

Journal Article Ann Behav Med · February 2015 BACKGROUND: Previous research has shown an association between hostility and fasting glucose in African American women. Central nervous system serotonin activity is implicated both in metabolic processes and in hostility related traits. PURPOSE: The purpos ... Full text Link to item Cite

Association of depressive and anxiety symptoms with 24-hour urinary catecholamines in individuals with untreated high blood pressure.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · 2015 OBJECTIVE: Depression and anxiety are considered risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The explanatory mechanisms, however, are still to be characterized. One proposed pathophysiological pathway is dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system, in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Simplified dietary acute tryptophan depletion: effects of a novel amino acid mixture on the neurochemistry of C57BL/6J mice.

Journal Article Food Nutr Res · 2015 BACKGROUND: Diet and nutrition can impact on the biological processes underpinning neuropsychiatric disorders. Amino acid (AA) mixtures lacking a specific neurotransmitter precursor can change the levels of brain serotonin (5-HT) or dopamine (DA) in the ce ... Full text Link to item Cite

A functional polymorphism in the HTR2C gene associated with stress responses: a validation study.

Journal Article Biol Psychol · December 2014 Previously we have shown that a functional nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs6318 on the HTR2C gene located on the X-chromosome, is associated with hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis response to a laboratory stress recall task. The pre ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ethanol Withdrawal in Adolescent and Adult Rat

Conference NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY · December 1, 2014 Link to item Cite

Sex differences in platelet reactivity and cardiovascular and psychological response to mental stress in patients with stable ischemic heart disease: insights from the REMIT study.

Journal Article J Am Coll Cardiol · October 21, 2014 BACKGROUND: Although emotional stress is associated with ischemic heart disease (IHD) and related clinical events, sex-specific differences in the psychobiological response to mental stress have not been clearly identified. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to study th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pharmacometabolomics reveals that serotonin is implicated in aspirin response variability.

Journal Article CPT Pharmacometrics Syst Pharmacol · July 16, 2014 While aspirin is generally effective for prevention of cardiovascular disease, considerable variation in drug response exists, resulting in some individuals displaying high on-treatment platelet reactivity. We used pharmacometabolomics to define pathways i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of sex on ethanol consumption and conditioned taste aversion in adolescent and adult rats.

Journal Article Psychopharmacology (Berl) · April 2014 RATIONALE: Vulnerability to alcoholism is determined by many factors, including the balance of pleasurable vs. aversive alcohol-induced sensations: pleasurable sensations increase intake, while aversive sensations decrease it. Female sex and adolescent age ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dietary manipulation of serotonergic and dopaminergic function in C57BL/6J mice with amino acid depletion mixtures.

Journal Article J Neural Transm (Vienna) · February 2014 Amino acid (AA) depletion techniques have been used to decrease serotonin (5-HT) and/or dopamine (DA) synthesis after administration of a tryptophan (acute tryptophan depletion, ATD) or phenylalanine/tyrosine-free (phenylalanine-tyrosine depletion, PTD) AA ... Full text Link to item Cite

Use of the light/dark test for anxiety in adult and adolescent male rats.

Journal Article Behav Brain Res · November 1, 2013 The light/dark (LD) test is a commonly used rodent test of unconditioned anxiety-like behavior that is based on an approach/avoidance conflict between the drive to explore novel areas and an aversion to brightly lit, open spaces. We used the LD test to inv ... Full text Link to item Cite

Lower anxiogenic effects of serotonin agonists are associated with lower activation of amygdala and lateral orbital cortex in adolescent male rats.

Journal Article Neuropharmacology · October 2013 There has been controversy over use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) to treat affective disorders in children and adolescents due to clinical reports of increased risk for suicidal ideation and behavior during treatment, and animal studie ... Full text Link to item Cite

Enduring effects of adolescent drug exposure.

Journal Article Biol Psychiatry · October 1, 2013 Full text Link to item Cite

Estradiol replacement enhances cocaine-stimulated locomotion in female C57BL/6 mice through estrogen receptor alpha.

Journal Article Neuropharmacology · September 2013 Psychostimulant effects are enhanced by ovarian hormones in women and female rodents. Estradiol increases behavioral responses to psychostimulants in women and female rats, although the underlying mechanism is unknown. This study utilized mice to investiga ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of escitalopram on mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia: results of the REMIT trial.

Journal Article JAMA · May 22, 2013 IMPORTANCE: Mental stress can induce myocardial ischemia and also has been implicated in triggering cardiac events. However, pharmacological interventions aimed at reducing mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia (MSIMI) have not been well studied. OBJEC ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prevalence and clinical characteristics of mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia in patients with coronary heart disease.

Journal Article J Am Coll Cardiol · February 19, 2013 OBJECTIVES: The goal of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and clinical characteristics of mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia. BACKGROUND: Mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia is prevalent and a risk factor for poor prognosis in patients ... Full text Link to item Cite

Adolescent male rats are less sensitive than adults to the anxiogenic and serotonin-releasing effects of fenfluramine.

Journal Article Neuropharmacology · February 2013 Risk taking behavior increases during adolescence, which is also a critical period for the onset of drug abuse. The central serotonergic system matures during the adolescent period, and its immaturity during early adolescence may contribute to adolescent r ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sex differences in novelty- and psychostimulant-induced behaviors of C57BL/6 mice.

Journal Article Psychopharmacology (Berl) · February 2013 RATIONALE: Women are more sensitive than men to psychostimulants and progress from initial use to drug addiction more quickly. The mouse has been an under-utilized model to study sex differences in psychostimulant action. Mice could serve as an ideal genet ... Full text Link to item Cite

A functional polymorphism in the 5HTR2C gene associated with stress responses also predicts incident cardiovascular events.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2013 Previously we have shown that a functional nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (rs6318) of the 5HTR2C gene located on the X-chromosome is associated with hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis response to a stress recall task, and with endophenotypes ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Hyperreactive platelet phenotypes: relationship to altered serotonin transporter number, transport kinetics and intrinsic response to adrenergic co-stimulation.

Journal Article Thromb Haemost · January 2013 The mechanism underlying a hyperreactive platelet phenotype remains unknown. Since serotonin has been shown to influence platelet biology and atherothrombosis, we sought to investigate the association of platelet serotonin transporter number, binding affin ... Full text Link to item Cite

Depressive symptoms and mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia in patients with coronary heart disease.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · 2013 OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to examine the associations between depressive symptoms and mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia (MSIMI) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). METHODS: Adult patients with documented CHD were recruited fo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Individual differences in psychostimulant responses of female rats are associated with ovarian hormones and dopamine neuroanatomy.

Journal Article Neuropharmacology · June 2012 Ovarian hormones modulate the pharmacological effects of psychostimulants and may enhance vulnerability to drug addiction. Female rats have more midbrain dopamine neurons than males and greater dopamine uptake and release rates. Cocaine stimulates motor be ... Full text Link to item Cite

Individual differences in psychostimulant responses of female rats are associated with ovarian hormones and dopamine neuroanatomy.

Journal Article Neuropharmacology · June 1, 2012 Ovarian hormones modulate the pharmacological effects of psychostimulants and may enhance vulnerability to drug addiction. Female rats have more midbrain dopamine neurons than males and greater dopamine uptake and release rates. Cocaine stimulates motor be ... Cite

Responses of mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia to escitalopram treatment: background, design, and method for the Responses of Mental Stress Induced Myocardial Ischemia to Escitalopram Treatment trial.

Journal Article Am Heart J · January 2012 BACKGROUND: Mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia (MSIMI) is common in patients with clinically stable coronary heart disease (CHD) and is associated with poor outcomes. Depression is a risk factor of MSIMI. The REMIT trial investigates whether selecti ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cortisol responses to emotional stress in men: association with a functional polymorphism in the 5HTR2C gene.

Journal Article Biol Psychol · January 2012 The serotonin 5HTR2C receptor has been shown to mediate HPA axis activation during stress. We hypothesized that a functional polymorphism (rs6318) of the 5HTR2C gene would be associated with HPA axis response to a laboratory stress protocol. The present sa ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of acute tryptophan depletion on brain serotonin function and concentrations of dopamine and norepinephrine in C57BL/6J and BALB/cJ mice.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2012 Acute tryptophan depletion (ATD) is a method of lowering brain serotonin (5-HT). Administration of large neutral amino acids (LNAA) limits the transport of endogenous tryptophan (TRP) across the blood brain barrier by competition with other LNAAs and subse ... Full text Link to item Cite

Individual differences in cocaine conditioned taste aversion are developmentally stable and independent of locomotor effects of cocaine.

Journal Article Dev Cogn Neurosci · October 2011 Drugs of abuse induce complex motivational states in their users which have been shown to vary developmentally. In addition to developmental variation, interindividual variation in the rewarding and aversive effects of drugs of abuse is an important consid ... Full text Link to item Cite

Alcohol and women: What is the role of biologic factors?

Journal Article Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly · September 30, 2011 Biological factors influence almost every factor that contributes to alcohol consumption: its metabolism by the liver, its neurochemical effects in the brain, and its activation of complex processes like reinforcement and aversion. This article summarizes ... Full text Cite

Blood pressure dipping: ethnicity, sleep quality, and sympathetic nervous system activity.

Journal Article Am J Hypertens · September 2011 BACKGROUND: Blunted blood pressure (BP) dipping is an established predictor of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Although blunted BP dipping is more common in African Americans than whites, the factors contributing to this ethnic difference are not well und ... Full text Link to item Cite

Role of individual and developmental differences in voluntary cocaine intake in rats.

Journal Article Psychopharmacology (Berl) · June 2011 RATIONALE: Early-onset drug taking is associated with increased likelihood of addiction, but it is unclear whether early onset is causal in development of addiction. Many other factors are associated with increased risk of addiction and also promote early ... Full text Link to item Cite

Low- and high-testosterone individuals exhibit decreased aversion to economic risk.

Journal Article Psychol Sci · April 2011 Testosterone is positively associated with risk-taking behavior in social domains (e.g., crime, physical aggression). However, the scant research linking testosterone to economic risk preferences presents inconsistent findings. We examined the relationship ... Full text Link to item Cite

The synthetic cannabinoid WIN 55212-2 differentially modulates thigmotaxis but not spatial learning in adolescent and adult animals.

Journal Article Neurosci Lett · January 10, 2011 Unlike Δ(9)-THC, the synthetic compound WIN 55212-2 (WIN) is a full agonist of endogenous cannabinoid receptors. Previous work has shown Δ(9)-THC to affect adolescent and adult animals differently on numerous behavioral measures of spatial memory, anxiety, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Intravascular food reward.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2011 Consumption of calorie-containing sugars elicits appetitive behavioral responses and dopamine release in the ventral striatum, even in the absence of sweet-taste transduction machinery. However, it is unclear if such reward-related postingestive effects re ... Full text Link to item Cite

Aversive effects of ethanol in adolescent versus adult rats: potential causes and implication for future drinking.

Journal Article Alcohol Clin Exp Res · December 2010 BACKGROUND: Many people experiment with alcohol and other drugs of abuse during their teenage years. Epidemiological evidence suggests that younger initiates into drug taking are more likely to develop problematic drug seeking behavior, including binge and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dopamine attenuates evoked inhibitory synaptic currents in central amygdala neurons.

Journal Article Eur J Neurosci · December 2010 The central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) plays a critical role in regulating the behavioral, autonomic and endocrine response to stress. Dopamine (DA) participates in mediating the stress response and DA release is enhanced in the CeA during stressful eve ... Full text Link to item Cite

Role of cannabinoid receptor type 1 desensitization in greater tetrahydrocannabinol impairment of memory in adolescent rats.

Journal Article J Pharmacol Exp Ther · November 2010 Adolescence is a well defined developmental period during which marijuana use is common. However, little is known about the response to marijuana in adolescents compared with adults. We have shown previously that adolescent rats are more impaired than adul ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dopamine uptake inhibitors but not dopamine releasers induce greater increases in motor behavior and extracellular dopamine in adolescent rats than in adult male rats.

Journal Article J Pharmacol Exp Ther · October 2010 Most life-long drug addiction begins during adolescence. Important structural and functional changes in brain occur during adolescence and developmental differences in forebrain dopamine systems could mediate a biologic vulnerability to drug addiction duri ... Full text Link to item Cite

Central nervous system serotonin and clustering of hostility, psychosocial, metabolic, and cardiovascular endophenotypes in men.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · September 2010 OBJECTIVE: To use measures of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5HIAA) and genotype of a functional polymorphism of the monoamine oxidase A gene promoter (MAOA-uVNTR) to study the role of central nervous system (CNS) serotonin in cluste ... Full text Link to item Cite

Plasma epinephrine predicts fasting glucose in centrally obese African-American women.

Journal Article Obesity (Silver Spring) · September 2010 The high prevalence of diabetes in African-American (AA) women has been widely assumed to be related to the greater prevalence of obesity in this group. Catecholamine release acting on central adipose tissue has been proposed to be a contributing factor. T ... Full text Link to item Cite

Stressful politics: voters' cortisol responses to the outcome of the 2008 United States Presidential election.

Journal Article Psychoneuroendocrinology · June 2010 Social subordination can be biologically stressful; when mammals lose dominance contests they have acute increases in the stress hormone cortisol. However, human studies of the effect of dominance contest outcomes on cortisol changes have had inconsistent ... Full text Link to item Cite

The emergence of gonadal hormone influences on dopaminergic function during puberty.

Journal Article Horm Behav · June 2010 Adolescence is the developmental epoch during which children become adults-intellectually, physically, hormonally and socially. Brain development in critical areas is ongoing. Adolescents are risk-taking and novelty-seeking and they weigh positive experien ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of the dietary approaches to stop hypertension diet alone and in combination with exercise and caloric restriction on insulin sensitivity and lipids.

Journal Article Hypertension · May 2010 This study examined the effects of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet on insulin sensitivity and lipids. In a randomized control trial, 144 overweight (body mass index: 25 to 40) men (n=47) and women (n=97) with high blood pressure (13 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Socioeconomic status moderates associations between CNS serotonin and expression of beta2-integrins CD11b and CD11c.

Journal Article J Psychiatr Res · April 2010 One of the first steps in the development of atherogenesis is adhesion of circulating monocytes to the vascular endothelium that is stimulated by beta(2)-integrins. Stress has been associated with enhanced expression of beta(2)-integrins on monocyte cell s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Androgen decreases dopamine neurone survival in rat midbrain.

Journal Article J Neuroendocrinol · April 2010 Clinical studies show that men are more likely to develop disorders affecting midbrain dopaminergic pathways, such as drug addiction and Parkinson's disease (PD). Although a great deal of focus has been given to the role of oestrogen in the maintenance of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Oestrogen receptors enhance dopamine neurone survival in rat midbrain.

Journal Article J Neuroendocrinol · April 2010 Previous findings in our laboratory and elsewhere have shown that ovariectomy of rats in adulthood attenuates cocaine-stimulated locomotor behaviour. Ovarian hormones enhance both cocaine-stimulated behaviour and increase dopamine overflow after psychomoto ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comorbid depression and anxiety effects on pregnancy and neonatal outcome.

Journal Article Infant Behav Dev · February 2010 The effects of comorbid depression and anxiety were compared to the effects of depression alone and anxiety alone on pregnancy mood states and biochemistry and on neonatal outcomes in a large multi-ethnic sample. At the prenatal period the comorbid and dep ... Full text Link to item Cite

Series Preface

Book · January 1, 2010 Full text Cite

Personality and inflammation: the protective effect of openness to experience.

Journal Article Ethn Dis · 2010 BACKGROUND: Prior research found reduced mortality in coronary heart patients with higher scores on the Openness to Experience domain and its facets. Decreased C-reactive protein level (CRP) levels may be one mechanism by which higher Openness to Experienc ... Link to item Cite

The effect of acute tryptophan depletion on emotional distraction and subsequent memory.

Journal Article Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci · December 2009 Serotonin is a key neurotransmitter involved in emotional regulation and memory. A number of studies using acute tryptophan depletion (ATD) in healthy subjects have shown that a temporary serotonin reduction both induces a negative emotional bias and impai ... Full text Link to item Cite

Serotonin shapes risky decision making in monkeys.

Journal Article Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci · December 2009 Some people love taking risks, while others avoid gambles at all costs. The neural mechanisms underlying individual variation in preference for risky or certain outcomes, however, remain poorly understood. Although behavioral pathologies associated with co ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dominance, politics, and physiology: voters' testosterone changes on the night of the 2008 United States presidential election.

Journal Article PLoS One · October 21, 2009 BACKGROUND: Political elections are dominance competitions. When men win a dominance competition, their testosterone levels rise or remain stable to resist a circadian decline; and when they lose, their testosterone levels fall. However, it is unknown whet ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Are adolescents more vulnerable to drug addiction than adults? Evidence from animal models.

Journal Article Psychopharmacology (Berl) · September 2009 BACKGROUND AND RATIONALE: Epidemiological evidence suggests that people who begin experimenting with drugs of abuse during early adolescence are more likely to develop substance use disorders (SUDs), but this correlation does not guarantee causation. Anima ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hostility and minimal model of glucose kinetics in African American women.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · July 2009 OBJECTIVE: To explore the underlying physiology of hostility (HOST) and to test the hypothesis that HOST has a greater impact on fasting glucose in African American (AA) women than it does on AA men or white men or women, using an intravenous glucose toler ... Full text Link to item Cite

Positive affect is associated with cardiovascular reactivity, norepinephrine level, and morning rise in salivary cortisol.

Journal Article Psychophysiology · July 2009 Positive affect was examined as a predictor of (1) cardiovascular reactivity during a sadness and an anger recall task and recovery following the protocol, (2) epinephrine (EPI) and norepinephrine (NOREPI) reactivity and level during the recall protocol, a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hostility and fasting glucose in African American women.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · July 2009 OBJECTIVE: To examine whether the relationship of hostility (HOST) to fasting glucose indices is moderated by sex and race. HOST has been associated with abnormalities in glucose metabolism. Prior studies suggested that this association may be more prevale ... Full text Link to item Cite

Maturation of coordinated immediate early gene expression by cocaine during adolescence.

Journal Article Neuroscience · April 21, 2009 Adolescence may be a critical period for drug addiction. Young adolescent male rats have greater locomotor responses than adults after acute low dose cocaine administration. Further, repeated cocaine administration produces as much or more conditioned plac ... Full text Link to item Cite

Novelty-induced locomotion is positively associated with cocaine ingestion in adolescent rats; anxiety is correlated in adults.

Journal Article Pharmacol Biochem Behav · January 2009 The present studies assessed the roles of sex, age, novelty-seeking and plus-maze behavior on cocaine drinking in rats. Cocaine/saccharin solution was available in three daily, 5-hour sessions then a saccharin-only solution was also available in following ... Full text Link to item Cite

Depressed pregnant black women have a greater incidence of prematurity and low birthweight outcomes.

Journal Article Infant Behav Dev · January 2009 Pregnant black depressed women were compared to pregnant black non-depressed women on self-report stress measures and cortisol levels at mid and late pregnancy and on neonatal outcomes. The depressed women had higher anxiety, anger, daily hassles, sleep di ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prenatal depression restricts fetal growth.

Journal Article Early Hum Dev · January 2009 OBJECTIVE: To identify whether prenatal depression is a risk factor for fetal growth restriction. METHODS: Midgestation (18-20 weeks GA) estimated fetal weight and urine cortisol and birthweight and gestational age at birth data were collected on a sample ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prenatal dopamine and neonatal behavior and biochemistry.

Journal Article Infant Behav Dev · December 2008 Depressed pregnant women (N=126) were divided into high and low prenatal maternal dopamine (HVA) groups based on a tertile split on their dopamine levels at 20 weeks gestation. The high versus the low dopamine group had lower Center for Epidemiological Stu ... Full text Link to item Cite

Insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 increased in preterm neonates following massage therapy.

Journal Article J Dev Behav Pediatr · December 2008 OBJECTIVE: To determine if massage therapy increased serum insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in preterm neonates. STUDY DESIGN: Forty-two preterm neonates who averaged 34.6 weeks (M = 29.5 wk gestational age; M birth weight = 1237 g) and wer ... Full text Link to item Cite

HPA axis function in male caregivers: effect of the monoamine oxidase-A gene promoter (MAOA-uVNTR).

Journal Article Biol Psychol · October 2008 Caregiving stress is associated with negative health outcomes. Neuroendocrine functioning may be a mediator of such outcomes. The MAOA gene regulates activity of neurotransmitters involved with neuroendocrine responses to stress. Differences in polymorphis ... Full text Link to item Cite

Relationship of the serotonin transporter with prolactin response to meta-chlorophenylpiperazine in cocaine dependence.

Journal Article J Psychiatr Res · October 2008 BACKGROUND: Preclinical evidence indicates that exposure to cocaine influences the activity of the serotonin transporter (5-HTT) as well as several 5-HT receptor subtypes. However, little is known about the relationship between the 5-HTT and 5-HT receptors ... Full text Link to item Cite

5-HTTLPR and gender moderate changes in negative affect responses to tryptophan infusion.

Journal Article Behav Genet · September 2008 Expression of the serotonin transporter is affected by the genotype of the 5-HTTLPR (short and long forms) as well as the genotype of the SNP rs25531 within this region. Based on the combined genotypes for these polymorphisms, we designated each allele as ... Full text Link to item Cite

Lavender bath oil reduces stress and crying and enhances sleep in very young infants.

Journal Article Early Hum Dev · June 2008 Very young infants were given a bath with or without lavender-scented bath oil. The mothers in the lavender bath oil group were more relaxed, smiled and touched their infants more during the bath. Their infants looked at them a greater percentage of the ba ... Full text Link to item Cite

Early ethanol consumption predicts relapse-like behavior in adolescent male rats.

Journal Article Alcohol Clin Exp Res · May 2008 BACKGROUND: Alcohol abuse disorders emerge over time with repeated consumption of ethanol, but not all ethanol drinkers develop these disorders. There are pre-existing characteristics that indicate which drinkers are most likely to abuse alcohol. Adolescen ... Full text Link to item Cite

Associations among central nervous system serotonergic function and neuroticism are moderated by gender.

Journal Article Biol Psychol · May 2008 Serotonergic dysregulation is associated with negative affect. Plasma prolactin responses to a tryptophan enhancement challenge are used as a measure of central nervous system serotonergic activity. We examined prolactin responses to a tryptophan challenge ... Full text Link to item Cite

Gonadal steroids mediate the opposite changes in cocaine-induced locomotion across adolescence in male and female rats.

Journal Article Pharmacol Biochem Behav · May 2008 Evidence from both human studies and animal models indicates that cocaine elicits more behavioral stimulation in females than males. The present study sought to determine whether sex-specific responses to cocaine emerge during adolescence and to determine ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prenatal serotonin and neonatal outcome: brief report.

Journal Article Infant Behav Dev · April 2008 In a study on prenatal dopamine and its association with depression and other neurotransmitters, serotonin was a confounding variable (Field, Diego, Hernandez-Reif, Figueiredo, Deeds et al., 2007). Serotonin has long been associated with depression (Cubala ... Full text Link to item Cite

Childhood socioeconomic status and serotonin transporter gene polymorphism enhance cardiovascular reactivity to mental stress.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · January 2008 OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that low socioeconomic status (SES) and the 5HTTLPR L allele are associated with increased cardiovascular reactivity (CVR) to stress in a larger sample and that SES and 5HTTLPR genotypes interact to enhance CVR to stress. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of environmental stress and gender on associations among symptoms of depression and the serotonin transporter gene linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR).

Journal Article Behav Genet · January 2008 The short (s) variant of the serotonin transporter (5-HTT) gene linked functional polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) is associated with depression. Stressful life events, gender, and race have been shown to moderate this association. We examined the relationshi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cocaine increases stimulated dopamine release more in periadolescent than adult rats.

Journal Article Neurotoxicol Teratol · 2008 The neural mechanisms responsible for the enhanced adolescent vulnerability for initiating drug abuse are unclear. We investigated whether age differences in dopamine neurotransmission could explain cocaine's enhanced psychomotor effects in the periadolesc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prenatal dysthymia versus major depression effects on maternal cortisol and fetal growth.

Journal Article Depress Anxiety · 2008 To determine differences between pregnant women diagnosed with Dysthymia versus Major Depression, depressed pregnant women (N=102) were divided by their diagnosis into Dysthymic (N=48) and Major Depression (N=54) groups and compared on self-report measures ... Full text Link to item Cite

Chronic prenatal depression and neonatal outcome.

Journal Article Int J Neurosci · January 2008 Four hundred and thirty pregnant women were recruited at approximately 22 weeks gestation at prenatal clinics. Of these, 86 (20%) were diagnosed as depressed. The women were seen again at approximately 32 weeks gestation and after delivery. Chronicity of d ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of gamma hydroxybutyric acid on inhibition and excitation in rat neocortex.

Journal Article Neuroscience · November 30, 2007 The mechanism by which the sedative and amnestic recreational drug gamma hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) acts is controversial. Some studies indicate that it acts at its unique receptor, while others demonstrate effects mediated through the GABAB receptor. We ex ... Full text Link to item Cite

Differential sensitivity of GABA A receptor-mediated IPSCs to cannabinoids in hippocampal slices from adolescent and adult rats.

Journal Article J Neurophysiol · September 2007 The impairment of learning and memory is one of the most powerful and least understood effects of marijuana although the hippocampal formation appears to be one CNS region mediating these effects. We have shown that systemic injection of Delta9-tetrahydroc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sex differences in the effects of delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol on spatial learning in adolescent and adult rats.

Journal Article Behav Pharmacol · September 2007 Like other recreational drugs, cannabinoids may produce different effects in men and women. In this study we measured the effects of delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) on spatial learning in two groups that are underrepresented in drug research--females and ... Full text Link to item Cite

A single high dose of cocaine induces differential sensitization to specific behaviors across adolescence.

Journal Article Psychopharmacology (Berl) · August 2007 RATIONALE: Adolescence is a critical period for drug addiction. Acute stimulant exposure elicits different behavioral responses in adolescent and adult rodents. The same biological differences that mediate age-specific behavioral responsiveness to stimulan ... Full text Link to item Cite

Associations of a regulatory polymorphism of monoamine oxidase-A gene promoter (MAOA-uVNTR) with symptoms of depression and sleep quality.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · June 2007 OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationships among the variable number of tandem repeats in the monoamine oxidase-A linked polymorphic region allelic variation (MAOA-uVNTR) and the symptoms of depression and sleep quality. The monoamine oxidase-A (MAOA) gene, w ... Full text Link to item Cite

Differential anxiogenic, aversive, and locomotor effects of THC in adolescent and adult rats.

Journal Article Psychopharmacology (Berl) · May 2007 RATIONALE: Unpleasant side effects of drugs of abuse often limit their repeated use; however, such effects may be attenuated in adolescents compared to adults. OBJECTIVES: We investigated whether the anxiogenic, aversive, or locomotor effects of delta-9-te ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sleep disturbances in depressed pregnant women and their newborns.

Journal Article Infant Behav Dev · February 2007 Pregnant women (N=253) were recruited during their second trimester of pregnancy (M=22.3 weeks gestation) and assigned to depressed (N=83) and non-depressed groups based on a SCID diagnosis of depression. They were then given self-report measures on sleep ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sleep quality varies as a function of 5-HTTLPR genotype and stress.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · 2007 OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that allelic variation in 5HTT gene-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) genotype was associated with sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSQI) as a main effect and as moderated by the chronic stress of caregivi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sex differences in the neurochemical and functional effects of MDMA in Sprague-Dawley rats.

Journal Article Psychopharmacology (Berl) · January 2007 RATIONALE: 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; "Ecstasy") use has been associated with acute toxicities and persistent depletion of the neurotransmitter serotonin (5-HT). OBJECTIVES: This study investigates whether sex differences in the acute and lon ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sex differences in neurochemical effects of dopaminergic drugs in rat striatum.

Journal Article Neuropsychopharmacology · June 2006 Previous data indicate that dopamine neurotransmission is differently regulated in male and female rats. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the dopamine transporter and autoreceptor as potential loci responsible for this sex difference. Fa ... Full text Link to item Cite

Adolescent rats are protected from the conditioned aversive properties of cocaine and lithium chloride.

Journal Article Pharmacol Biochem Behav · June 2006 In humans, most drug use is initiated during adolescence and adolescent users are more likely to become drug-dependent than adult users. Repeated, high levels of use are required for the transition from use to addiction. Individual levels of drug use are t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Stability of mood states and biochemistry across pregnancy.

Journal Article Infant Behav Dev · April 2006 Four hundred and thirty pregnant women were recruited during their second trimester of pregnancy (M=20 weeks). They were designated depressed (N=172) or nondepressed (N=258) on the Structured Clinical Interview of Depression (SCID) and the Center for Epide ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prenatal cortisol, prematurity and low birthweight.

Journal Article Infant Behav Dev · April 2006 Three hundred depressed pregnant women were recruited at approximately 20 weeks gestation. They were then divided by a median split into high and low urinary cortisol level groups. The high cortisol group had higher CES-D depression scores and higher inhib ... Full text Link to item Cite

Differential effects of delta9-THC on learning in adolescent and adult rats.

Journal Article Pharmacol Biochem Behav · March 2006 Marijuana use remains strikingly high among young users in the U.S., and yet few studies have assessed the effects of delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in adolescents compared to adults. This study measured the effects of THC on male adolescent and adult r ... Full text Link to item Cite

Maternal psychological distress, prenatal cortisol, and fetal weight.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · 2006 OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to examine the effects of maternal psychological distress on estimated fetal weight during midgestation and explore the maternal hypothalamic-pituitary axis and sympathoadrenal dysregulation as potential risk fact ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of stress and sex on acquisition and consolidation of human fear conditioning.

Journal Article Learn Mem · 2006 We examined the relationship between stress hormone (cortisol) release and acquisition and consolidation of conditioned fear learning in healthy adults. Participants underwent acquisition of differential fear conditioning, and consolidation was assessed in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Enhanced behavioral response to repeated-dose cocaine in adolescent rats.

Journal Article Psychopharmacology (Berl) · December 2005 Featured Publication RATIONALE: Most lifelong drug addiction in humans originates during adolescence. Important structural and functional changes in the brain occur during adolescence, but there has been little direct study of how this impacts on drug abuse vulnerability. An e ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cortisol decreases and serotonin and dopamine increase following massage therapy.

Journal Article Int J Neurosci · October 2005 In this article the positive effects of massage therapy on biochemistry are reviewed including decreased levels of cortisol and increased levels of serotonin and dopamine. The research reviewed includes studies on depression (including sex abuse and eating ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sex, stress, and fear: individual differences in conditioned learning.

Journal Article Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci · June 2005 It has long been recognized that humans vary in their conditionability, yet the factors that contribute to individual variation in emotional learning remain to be delineated. The goal of the present study was to investigate the relationship among sex, stre ... Full text Link to item Cite

Natural killer cells and lymphocytes increase in women with breast cancer following massage therapy.

Journal Article Int J Neurosci · April 2005 Women diagnosed with breast cancer received massage therapy or practiced progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) for 30-min sessions 3 times a week for 5 weeks or received standard treatment. The massage therapy and relaxation groups reported less depressed mo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Types of addictive drugs

Chapter · December 13, 2004 Cite

Depression and anxiety symptoms are related to increased 24-hour urinary norepinephrine excretion among healthy middle-aged women.

Journal Article J Psychosom Res · October 2004 OBJECTIVE: Depression is a risk factor for morbidity and mortality in a variety of populations, and anxiety has also been associated with risk of mortality among cardiac patients. Dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system may be involved in this risk. Th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prenatal maternal biochemistry predicts neonatal biochemistry.

Journal Article Int J Neurosci · August 2004 Depressed (n = 45) and nondepressed (n = 47) mothers were recruited prenatally at an ultrasound clinic. Their urine samples were assayed for cortisol, catecholamines (norepinephrine, epinephrine, dopamine) and serotonin. Their urines were assayed again at ... Full text Link to item Cite

Breast cancer patients have improved immune and neuroendocrine functions following massage therapy.

Journal Article J Psychosom Res · July 2004 OBJECTIVES: Women with breast cancer are at risk for elevated depression, anxiety, and decreased natural killer (NK) cell number. Stress has been linked to increased tumor development by decreasing NK cell activity. The objectives of this study included ex ... Full text Link to item Cite

Massage therapy effects on depressed pregnant women.

Journal Article J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol · June 2004 Eighty-four depressed pregnant women were recruited during the second trimester of pregnancy and randomly assigned to a massage therapy group, a progressive muscle relaxation group or a control group that received standard prenatal care alone. These groups ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ethnicity, gender, and age effects on adrenoceptors and physiological responses to emotional stress.

Journal Article Psychophysiology · May 2004 We examined the unique and joint effects of ethnicity, gender, and age on cardiovascular and catecholamine responses to the anger recall interview, and beta(2)-adrenergic receptor density and function on peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Participants wer ... Full text Link to item Cite

EEG responses to mock facial expressions by infants of depressed mothers

Journal Article Infant Behavior and Development · May 1, 2004 EEG responses to mothers' and strangers' mock facial expressions (happy, surprised and sad) during a peek-a-boo game were recorded in 60, 3- to 6-month-old infants of depressed and non-depressed mothers. The infants of depressed mothers exhibited less posi ... Full text Cite

Hostility is related to blunted beta-adrenergic receptor responsiveness among middle-aged women.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · 2004 OBJECTIVE: Based on previous findings in men, the hypothesis that hostility would be associated with blunted responsiveness of cardiovascular beta-adrenergic receptors was tested in a study sample of middle-aged women. The roles of the sympathetic nervous ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prenatal predictors of maternal and newborn EEG

Journal Article Infant Behavior and Development · January 1, 2004 Ninety-two mothers were recruited at a prenatal ultrasound clinic at which time they were given the CES-D for depression and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and their urines were assayed for cortisol, norepinephrine, epinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin ... Full text Cite

Prepartum, postpartum, and chronic depression effects on newborns.

Journal Article Psychiatry · 2004 In order to assess the effects of the onset and chronicity of maternal depression on neonatal physiology, eighty pregnant women were assessed for depression during mid-pregnancy (M gestational age = 25.9 weeks) and shortly after delivery. The women were cl ... Full text Link to item Cite

Expression of functional estrogen receptor beta in locus coeruleus-derived Cath.a cells.

Journal Article Endocrinology · July 2003 Featured Publication Estrogen may have an important role in the brain beyond the development and regulation of reproductive function. Gender differences in the incidence of depression suggest that regulation of mood represents one such action. The locus coeruleus, a brain stem ... Full text Link to item Cite

Serotonin-related gene polymorphisms and central nervous system serotonin function.

Journal Article Neuropsychopharmacology · March 2003 Featured Publication Central nervous system (CNS) serotonergic function affects a wide range of biological and behavioral functions affecting health and disease. Our objective in this study was to determine whether functional polymorphisms of the genes that encode for the sero ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of maternal smoking on fetal catecholamine concentrations at birth.

Journal Article Pediatr Res · January 2003 The aim of this study was to compare catecholamine concentrations in the fetal umbilical artery cord blood from the offspring of smokers versus the offspring of nonsmokers. Pregnant women who were self-identified as smokers (>/=10 cigarettes per day throug ... Full text Link to item Cite

Depressed mothers who are "good interaction" partners versus those who are withdrawn or intrusive

Journal Article Infant Behavior and Development · January 1, 2003 The interactions of 3-month-old infants and their depressed mothers were classified as intrusive, withdrawn or good interactions. Analyses of retrospective data suggested that all depressed groups scored higher on depression (CES-D) and anxiety (STAI) scal ... Full text Cite

Pregnancy anxiety and comorbid depression and anger: effects on the fetus and neonate.

Journal Article Depress Anxiety · 2003 One hundred sixty-six women were classified as experiencing high or low anxiety during the second trimester of pregnancy. The high anxiety women also had high scores on depression and anger scales. In a follow-up across pregnancy, the fetuses of the high a ... Full text Link to item Cite

The relation of aggression, hostility, and anger to lipopolysaccharide-stimulated tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha by blood monocytes from normal men.

Journal Article Brain Behav Immun · December 2002 Aggression, hostility, and anger significantly predict morbidity and mortality from atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ACVD). ACVD is believed to be an inflammatory disease characterized by increased expression of a number of proinflammatory cytokines ... Full text Link to item Cite

Vaginal lavage attenuates cocaine-stimulated activity and establishes place preference in rats.

Journal Article Pharmacol Biochem Behav · November 2002 Sex and estrous cycle stage affect psychostimulant responses in animals. Cycle stage is typically monitored by vaginal lavage. The present studies tested the hypothesis that vaginal lavage modifies behavioral responses to acute cocaine. Female rats were re ... Full text Link to item Cite

Relative right versus left frontal EEG in neonates.

Journal Article Dev Psychobiol · September 2002 Although infants have been noted to have greater relative right or left frontal EEG as early as the neonatal period, other ways in which these newborns differ have not been reported. In this study, 48 newborns were divided on the basis of greater relative ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prenatal depression effects on the foetus and neonate in different ethnic and socio-economic status groups

Journal Article Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology · August 1, 2002 The questions addressed in this study were whether prenatal depression effects on the foetus and neonate varied by ethnicity and socio-economic status. Eighty-six depressed pregnant women were compared by ethnic group, Hispanic and African-American, and by ... Full text Cite

Concurrent autoreceptor-mediated control of dopamine release and uptake during neurotransmission: an in vivo voltammetric study.

Journal Article J Neurosci · July 15, 2002 Receptor-mediated feedback control plays an important role in dopamine (DA) neurotransmission. Recent evidence suggests that release and uptake, key mechanisms determining brain extracellular levels of the neurotransmitter, are governed by presynaptic auto ... Full text Link to item Cite

Higher levels of CSF homovanillic acid in recently abstinent cocaine-dependent patients.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · June 2002 OBJECTIVE: The authors examined an index of dopaminergic neurotransmission in recently abstinent cocaine-dependent patients. METHOD: CSF concentrations of the dopamine metabolite homovanillic acid (HVA) were determined in 30 recently abstinent cocaine-depe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prenatal anger effects on the fetus and neonate.

Journal Article J Obstet Gynaecol · May 2002 One hundred and sixty-six women were classified as experiencing high or low anger during the second trimester of pregnancy. The high-anger women also had high scores on depression and anxiety scales. In a follow-up across pregnancy, the fetuses of the high ... Full text Link to item Cite

UDP acts as a growth factor for vascular smooth muscle cells by activation of P2Y(6) receptors.

Journal Article Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol · February 2002 Mitogenic effects of the extracellular nucleotides ATP and UTP are mediated by P2Y(1), P2Y(2), and P2Y(4) receptors. However, it has not been possible to examine the highly expressed UDP-sensitive P2Y(6) receptor because of the lack of stable, selective ag ... Full text Link to item Cite

Nighttime blood pressure dipping: the role of the sympathetic nervous system.

Journal Article Am J Hypertens · February 2002 There is a marked diurnal variation in blood pressure (BP), with BP dipping to its lowest levels during nighttime sleep. A day-night dip in systolic BP (SBP) of <10% has been used to characterize individuals as nondippers, and is associated with an increas ... Full text Link to item Cite

Anabolic steroids.

Journal Article Recent Prog Horm Res · 2002 The term "anabolic steroids" refers to testosterone derivatives that are used either clinically or by athletes for their anabolic properties. However, scientists have questioned the anabolic effects of testosterone and its derivatives in normal men for dec ... Full text Link to item Cite

Caffeine affects cardiovascular and neuroendocrine activation at work and home.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · 2002 OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the effects of moderate doses of caffeine on ambulatory blood pressure and heart rate, urinary excretion of epinephrine, norepinephrine, and cortisol, and subjective measures of stress during normal activities at work and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Parkinson's disease symptoms are differentially affected by massage therapy vs. progressive muscle relaxation: A pilot study

Journal Article Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies · January 1, 2002 Sixteen adults diagnosed with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (M age = 58) received 30-min massage therapy or progressive muscle relaxation exercise sessions twice a week for 5 weeks (10 sessions total). Physicians rated participants in the massage therapy ... Full text Cite

Facial expressions and EEG in infants of intrusive and withdrawn mothers with depressive symptoms.

Journal Article Depress Anxiety · 2002 When intrusive and withdrawn mothers with depressive symptoms modeled happy, surprised, and sad expressions, their 3-month-old infants did not differentially respond to these expressions or show EEG changes. When a stranger modeled these expressions, the i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Right frontal EEG and pregnancy/neonatal outcomes.

Journal Article Psychiatry · 2002 Fifty-two pregnant women recruited during their second trimester were given EEGs and divided into greater relative right and left frontal EEG activation groups. The greater relative right frontal EEG women had lower dopamine levels during their second trim ... Full text Link to item Cite

Anorexia nervosa symptoms are reduced by massage therapy

Journal Article Eating Disorders · December 1, 2001 Nineteen women (M age = 26) diagnosed with anorexia nervosa were given standard treatment alone or standard treatment plus massage therapy twice per week for five weeks. The massage group reported lower stress and anxiety levels and had lower cortisol (str ... Full text Cite

Sex differences in cocaine-stimulated motor behavior: disparate effects of gonadectomy.

Journal Article Neuropsychopharmacology · July 2001 Sex differences in biological substrates of drug use and addiction are poorly understood. The present study investigated sexual dimorphisms in motor behavior following acute cocaine administration (10, 20, or 40 mg/kg, i.p.). Cocaine increased stereotypy r ... Full text Link to item Cite

Melanocortin-4 receptor is required for acute homeostatic responses to increased dietary fat.

Journal Article Nat Neurosci · June 2001 In response to moderately increased dietary fat content, melanocortin-4 receptor-null mutant (MC4R-/-) mice exhibit hyperphagia and accelerated weight gain compared to wild-type mice. An increased feed efficiency (weight gain/kcal consumed) argues that mec ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sex, steroids, and stimulant sensitivity.

Journal Article Ann N Y Acad Sci · June 2001 The current study investigated ovarian modulation of the locomotor response to cocaine in rats. Ovariectomy in females lowered the response to cocaine (10 mg/kg i.p.), whereas castration did not change that of males. The locomotor responses of prepubertal ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of ovarian hormones and estrous cycle on stimulation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis by cocaine.

Journal Article J Pharmacol Exp Ther · April 2001 Cocaine is known to exert sexually dimorphic HPA axis effects in rats and to disrupt estrous cyclicity and/or fertility in rats, nonhuman primates, and humans. The present studies investigated the reciprocal interactions between ovarian hormones and HPA ax ... Link to item Cite

Central nervous system serotonin function and cardiovascular responses to stress.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · 2001 OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of indices of central nervous system (CNS) serotonin function on cardiovascular reactivity to mental stress. METHODS: Lumbar puncture was performed on 54 healthy volunteers to obtain cerebro ... Full text Link to item Cite

Depressed withdrawn and intrusive mothers’ effects on their fetuses and neonates

Journal Article Infant Behavior and Development · January 1, 2001 Depressed mothers who could be classified as withdrawn or intrusive were compared with nondepressed mothers on their prenatal cortisol and catecholamine levels and on fetal activity and neonatal outcome variables. The data suggested that the withdrawn moth ... Full text Cite

Opiate withdrawal in the neonatal rat: relationship to duration of treatment and naloxone dose.

Journal Article Psychopharmacology (Berl) · June 2000 RATIONALE: Treatment of developing rat pups with morphine (MOR) causes the development of physical dependence, but the relationship of the withdrawal syndrome to the duration/intensity of treatment has not been described. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the pre ... Full text Link to item Cite

Stress management intervention for primary prevention of hypertension: detailed results from Phase I of Trials of Hypertension Prevention (TOHP-I).

Journal Article Ann Epidemiol · January 2000 PURPOSE: Stress Management Intervention (SMI) was one of seven nonpharmacologic approaches evaluated in Phase I Trials of Hypertension Prevention (TOHP-I) for efficacy in lowering diastolic blood pressure (BP) in healthy men and women aged 30 to 54 years w ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dopamine release and uptake are greater in female than male rat striatum as measured by fast cyclic voltammetry.

Journal Article Neuroscience · 2000 The present studies investigated sexual dimorphisms in dopamine release and uptake using fast-scan cyclic voltammetry in anesthetized rats and in brain slices. Electrical stimulation of the medial forebrain bundle of anesthetized rats at high frequency (60 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Targeting adolescent mothers with depressive symptoms for early intervention.

Journal Article Adolescence · 2000 Infants of mothers with depressive symptoms show developmental delays if symptoms persist over the first 6 months of the infant's life, thus highlighting the importance of identifying those mothers for early intervention. In Study 1, mothers with depressiv ... Link to item Cite

Physiological stress response of the neuroendocrine system during outdoor adventure tasks

Journal Article Journal of Leisure Research · January 1, 2000 Outdoor adventure tasks involve a composite stress of both physical and psychosocial demands. Such compound stressors are not often studied, yet this is the type of stress most often associated with active leisure experiences. The purpose of this study was ... Full text Cite

Massage Therapy and Relaxation Effects on University Dance Students

Journal Article Journal of Dance Medicine and Science · September 1, 1999 Thirty female university dancers were randomly assigned to a massage therapy or relaxation therapy group. The therapies consisted of 30-minute sessions twice a week for five weeks. Both groups reported less depressed mood and lowered anxiety levels. Howeve ... Full text Cite

Effects of sex and gonadectomy on cocaine metabolism in the rat.

Journal Article J Pharmacol Exp Ther · September 1999 The purpose of the current study is to determine whether sex differences in metabolism of cocaine (COC) exist that could contribute to the greater behavioral sensitivity of females to COC administration. To investigate this question, concentrations of COC ... Link to item Cite

Pregnant women benefit from massage therapy.

Journal Article J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol · March 1999 Twenty-six pregnant women were assigned to a massage therapy or a relaxation therapy group for 5 weeks. The therapies consisted of 20-min sessions twice a week. Both groups reported feeling less anxious after the first session and less leg pain after the f ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prenatal depression effects on neonates

Journal Article Infant Behavior and Development · January 1, 1999 Sixty-three pregnant women (36 with depression symptoms) were recruited during their last trimester of pregnancy. The depressed mothers had higher cortisol and norepinephrine levels and lower dopamine levels. Their infants subsequently had higher cortisol ... Full text Cite

Aromatherapy positively affects mood, EEG patterns of alertness and math computations.

Journal Article Int J Neurosci · December 1998 EEG activity, alertness, and mood were assessed in 40 adults given 3 minutes of aromatherapy using two aromas, lavender (considered a relaxing odor) or rosemary (considered a stimulating odor). Participants were also given simple math computations before a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Acute depression of myocardial beta-adrenergic receptor signaling during cardiopulmonary bypass: impairment of the adenylyl cyclase moiety. Duke Heart Center Perioperative Desensitization Group.

Journal Article Anesthesiology · September 1998 BACKGROUND: Previously the authors showed that myocardial beta-adrenergic (betaAR) function is reduced after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in a canine model Whether CPB results in similar effects on betaAR function in adult humans is not known. Therefore th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Children with asthma have improved pulmonary functions after massage therapy.

Journal Article J Pediatr · May 1998 Thirty-two children with asthma (16 4- to 8-year-olds and 16 9- to 14-year-olds) were randomly assigned to receive either massage therapy or relaxation therapy. The children's parents were taught to provide one therapy or the other for 20 minutes before be ... Full text Link to item Cite

Responses to maternal separation: mechanisms and mediators.

Journal Article Int J Dev Neurosci · 1998 Clinical studies indicate the predominance of psychosocial factors (nurturing environment) in the genesis of the Maternal Deprivation Syndrome. Consequences of disrupting mother-infant interactions range from marked suppression of certain neuroendocrine an ... Full text Link to item Cite

Neuroendocrine, cardiovascular, and emotional responses of hostile men: the role of interpersonal challenge.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · 1998 OBJECTIVE: We examined the effects of hostility and harassment on neuroendocrine, cardiovascular, and emotional responses in 52 healthy white men. METHODS: Subjects were preselected on the basis of scores in the top and bottom quartiles (above 23 and below ... Full text Link to item Cite

Bulimic adolescents benefit from massage therapy.

Journal Article Adolescence · 1998 Twenty-four female adolescent bulimic inpatients were randomly assigned to a massage therapy or a standard treatment (control) group. Results indicated that the massaged patients showed immediate reductions (both self-report and behavior observation) in an ... Link to item Cite

Burn injuries benefit from massage therapy.

Journal Article J Burn Care Rehabil · 1998 Twenty-eight adult patients with burns were randomly assigned before debridement to either a massage therapy group or a standard treatment control group. State anxiety and cortisol levels decreased, and behavior ratings of state, activity, vocalizations, a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Elder retired volunteers benefit from giving massage therapy to infants

Journal Article Journal of Applied Gerontology · January 1, 1998 This exploratory within-subjects study compared the effects of elder reared volunteers giving massage to infants with receiving massage themselves. Three times a week for 3 weeks, 10 elder volunteers (8 females, mean age = 70 years) received Swedish massag ... Full text Cite

Polydrug-using adolescent mothers and their infants receiving early intervention.

Journal Article Adolescence · 1998 This study investigated the effects of an intervention for polydrug-using adolescent mothers. The program included educational, vocational, and parenting classes; social and drug rehab; and day care for their infants while they attended school half-day. Th ... Link to item Cite

Massage therapy effects on depression and somatic symptoms in chronic fatigue syndrome

Journal Article Journal of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome · October 20, 1997 Full text Cite

Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis: benefits from massage therapy.

Journal Article J Pediatr Psychol · October 1997 Studied children with mild to moderate juvenile rheumatoid arthritis who were massaged by their parents 15 minutes a day for 30 days (and a control group engaged in relaxation therapy). The children's anxiety and stress hormone (cortisol) levels were immed ... Full text Link to item Cite

Differential effects of naltrindole on morphine-induced tolerance and physical dependence in rats.

Journal Article J Pharmacol Exp Ther · June 1997 This study investigated the effect of delta opioid receptor blockade by naltrindole on the development of physical dependence and tolerance to the antinociceptive and respiratory depressive effects of morphine in rats. Chronic morphine was delivered either ... Link to item Cite

Immediate early gene expression to examine neuronal activity following acute and chronic stressors in rat pups: examination of neurophysiological alterations underlying behavioral consequences of prenatal cocaine exposure.

Journal Article Physiol Behav · June 1997 Altered behavioral responses to stressors have been observed in animals exposed to cocaine prenatally. In the present study, both behavioral and physiological responses to repeated and single stressor exposure were measured in animals prenatally exposed to ... Full text Link to item Cite

Gender difference in cocaine-induced HPA axis activation.

Journal Article Neuropsychopharmacology · June 1997 The study investigates the influence of gender on the activation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis by cocaine and other monamine uptake inhibitors. Drug-induced secretion of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) was used to pursue this question ... Full text Link to item Cite

Differential responsivity of monocyte cytokine and adhesion proteins in high- and low-hostile humans.

Journal Article Int J Behav Med · 1997 This study tested the general hypothesis that high- and low-hostile respondents would show different patterns of change in monocyte cytokine and adhesion protein (MCAP) expression in response to pharmacologically induced alterations in sympathetic nervous ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ontogeny of the behavioral response to dopamine agonists after chronic cocaine.

Journal Article Psychopharmacology (Berl) · January 1997 The behavioral response to separate and combined administration of dopamine D1 and D2 receptor agonists was assessed acutely and after chronic cocaine exposure (30 mg/kg s.c. b.i.d. for 5 days) in infant (PND11) and weanling (PND20) rats. In infants, quinp ... Full text Link to item Cite

The relationship between hostility and beta-adrenergic receptor physiology in health young males.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · 1997 OBJECTIVE: We examined the relationship between hostility and mononuclear leukocyte (MNL) beta-adrenergic receptor function in a sample of young healthy males. METHOD: Thirty subjects were selected for having scored above 20 (N = 11) and below 14 (N = 19) ... Full text Link to item Cite

Relation of mood ratings and neurohormonal responses during daily life in employed women.

Journal Article Int J Behav Med · 1997 Diurnal variations in urinary norepinephrine, epinephrine, cortisol, and self-reported mood states were examined in 101 employed women. Urine was collected on 2 consecutive workdays at 3 time periods: (1) overnight, (2) daytime, and (3) evening. Self-repor ... Full text Link to item Cite

Stress in employed women: impact of marital status and children at home on neurohormone output and home strain.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · 1997 OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the biological and psychological effects of role overload, we examined the effects of marital (or partnership) status and parental status (defined as having children at home) on daily excretion of urinary catecholamines and cortisol ... Full text Link to item Cite

Infants of intrusive and withdrawn mothers

Journal Article Infant Behavior and Development · January 1, 1997 Two styles of mother-infant interactions have been observed in depressed mothers, including an intrusive style (overstimulating behavior) and a withdrawn style (understimulating behavior). To examine how these styles affect infants, we assessed 87 infants ... Full text Cite

Effects of sexual abuse are lessened by massage therapy

Journal Article Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies · January 1, 1997 Women (mean age = 35 years) who had experienced sexual abuse, were given a 30-minute massage twice a week for 1 month. Immediately after the massage the women reported being less depressed and less anxious and their salivary cortisol levels decreased follo ... Full text Cite

The influence of dietary cholesterol on cardiac and hepatic Beta-adrenergic receptors in egyptian sand rats.

Journal Article Int J Behav Med · 1997 We examined the effects of dietary cholesterol on cardiac and hepatic beta-adrenergic receptor functioning. Age-matched adult desert rodents (Psammomys obesus) were randomized to either a 5% cholesterol diet (CD, n = 20), or normal rabbit chow (RC, n = 18) ... Full text Link to item Cite

Differential effects of ethanol in adolescent and adult rats.

Journal Article Alcohol Clin Exp Res · November 1996 Alcohol use in children and adolescents is widespread. However, very little is known about the effects of alcohol exposure during this period of postnatal development. The goal of the present study was to compare the relative sensitivity to the sedative ef ... Full text Link to item Cite

Age-related differences in the chronic and acute response to cocaine in the rat.

Journal Article Dev Psychobiol · November 1996 Behavioral sensitization is known to occur in adult animals after the chronic intermittent administration of cocaine. Dopaminergic pathways in the brain, such as the nigrostriatal and mesoaccumbens projections play a vital role in this phenomenon. These pa ... Full text Link to item Cite

Massage therapy reduces anxiety and enhances EEG pattern of alertness and math computations.

Journal Article Int J Neurosci · September 1996 Twenty-six adults were given a chair massage and 24 control group adults were asked to relax in the massage chair for 15 minutes, two times per week for five weeks. On the first and last days of the study they were monitored for EEG, before, during and aft ... Full text Link to item Cite

mu-Opioid agonists stimulate growth hormone secretion in immature rats.

Journal Article Neuroendocrinology · June 1996 The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the opioid receptor subtype mediating opioid modulation of growth hormone (GH) secretion during ontogeny. The mu-agonist morphine and the kappa agonist U50,488 caused a stimulation and inhibition of GH secre ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cocaine-exposed preterm neonates show behavioral and hormonal differences.

Journal Article Pediatrics · June 1996 OBJECTIVE: Prematurity has been associated with prenatal cocaine exposure, but most studies on the behavioral effects of prenatal cocaine exposure have been restricted to full-term infant samples. The current study focused on behavioral and hormonal respon ... Link to item Cite

Role of noradrenergic hyperactivity in neonatal opiate abstinence.

Journal Article Drug Alcohol Depend · May 1996 Despite the existence of a well-defined abstinence syndrome in offspring of opiate-dependent mothers, the mechanisms involved in neonatal abstinence remain unclear. The goal of the present study was to determine the contribution of noradrenergic neurons in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Role of leptin in fat regulation.

Journal Article Nature · April 25, 1996 Full text Link to item Cite

Inhibition of GH in maternal separation may be mediated through altered serotonergic activity at 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptors.

Journal Article Psychoneuroendocrinology · February 1996 The hyposecretion of growth hormone (GH) in maternal separation (MS) of rat pups is remarkably similar to the specific suppression of GH secretion to evocative tests in infants diagnosed with Reactive Attachment Disorder of Infancy (RADI). Growth hormone-r ... Full text Link to item Cite

Fibromyalgia benefits from massage therapy and transcutaneous electrical stimulation.

Journal Article J Clin Rheumatol · February 1996 Thirty adult fibromyalgia syndrome subjects were randomly assigned to a massage therapy, a transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TENS), or a transcutaneous electrical stimulation no-current group (Sham TENS) for 30-minute treatment sessions two times per ... Full text Link to item Cite

Massage therapy for infants of depressed mothers

Journal Article Infant Behavior and Development · January 1, 1996 Forty full-term 1-to 3-month-old infants born to depressed adolescent mothers who were low socioeconomic status (SES) and single parents were given 15 min of either massage (n = 20) or rocking for 2 days per week for a 6-week period. The infants who experi ... Full text Cite

Ontogenetic studies of tolerance development: effects of chronic morphine on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.

Journal Article Psychopharmacology (Berl) · November 1995 Endogenous opiates are important regulators of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in rats. Tolerance clearly develops to morphine-induced stimulation of the HPA axis in adult rats (Ignar and Kuhn 1990). The goal of the present study was to deter ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cocaine sensitization in periadolescent and adult rats.

Journal Article J Pharmacol Exp Ther · October 1995 Periadolescent rats have been reported to be affected differentially by catecholaminergic agents when compared with younger or adult animals. The present study evaluated the behavioral responsivity of periadolescent (34- to 39-day-old) and adult (60- to 70 ... Link to item Cite

Increased sensitivity to mu opiate antinociception in the neonatal rat despite weaker receptor-guanyl nucleotide binding protein coupling.

Journal Article J Pharmacol Exp Ther · June 1995 The developmental changes in mu opiate receptor-mediated antinociception and coupling to guanyl nucleotide binding proteins were studied in the rat. ED50 values for morphine- and sufentanil-induced antinociception were determined in the paw-lift assay on d ... Link to item Cite

The ontogeny of mu opiate tolerance and dependence in the rat: antinociceptive and biochemical studies.

Journal Article J Pharmacol Exp Ther · June 1995 The ontogeny of tolerance to mu opiate antinociception and the behavioral and endocrine profiles of the opiate withdrawal syndrome were studied in rats. Animals were treated with saline or an increasing dose regimen of morphine for 5 days (5-25 mg/kg b.i.d ... Link to item Cite

Impaired second phase insulin response of diabetes-prone C57BL/6J mouse islets.

Journal Article Physiol Behav · June 1995 The C57BL/6J mouse develops obesity and diabetes in response to a high-fat, high-simple carbohydrate diet. To determine the dynamics of glucose-induced insulin release in this animal model of NIDDM, we studied the acute insulin response to glucose of perif ... Full text Link to item Cite

Differential effects of fat and sucrose on the development of obesity and diabetes in C57BL/6J and A/J mice.

Journal Article Metabolism · May 1995 We have previously demonstrated that the C57BL/6J (B/6J) mouse will develop severe obesity, hyperglycemia, and hyperinsulinemia if weaned onto a high-fat, high-sucrose (HH) diet. In the present study, we compared the effects of fat and sucrose separately a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of prenatal cocaine exposure on haloperidol-induced increases in prolactin release and dopamine turnover in weanling, periadolescent, and adult offspring.

Journal Article Neurotoxicol Teratol · 1995 Offspring of dams given 40 mg/kg cocaine SC on gestational days (GD) 8-20 (E8-20) (C40), dams given 0.9% saline SC on E8-20 that were pair fed and watered to C40 dams (PF), and untreated control dams given ad lib access to food and water (LC) were challeng ... Full text Link to item Cite

Glipizide stimulates sympathetic outflow in diabetes-prone mice.

Journal Article Life Sci · 1995 The purpose of the present study was to determine if the oral hypoglycemic agent glipizide influenced sympathetic outflow in diabetes-prone mice. C57BL/6 (diabetes-prone) and diabetes-resistant (A/J) were treated with saline or glipizide, and sympathetic o ... Full text Link to item Cite

Glycemic response to stress is altered in euglycemic Pima Indians.

Journal Article Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord · November 1994 The aim of this work was to study the effects of a computer-driven mental arithmetic task on blood glucose in a group of four male and four female euglycemic Caucasians and a group of seven male and six female euglycemic Pima Indians. Approximately 60% of ... Link to item Cite

Glycogen synthase: a putative locus for diet-induced hyperglycemia.

Journal Article J Clin Invest · July 1994 Inbred mouse strains fed a diabetogenic diet have different propensities to develop features analogous to type 2 diabetes mellitus. To define chromosomal locations that control these characteristics, recombinant inbred strains from diabetes-prone C57BL/6J ... Full text Link to item Cite

Regional fat distribution and metabolism in a new mouse model (C57BL/6J) of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Journal Article Metabolism · November 1993 It has been suggested that a genetic predisposition and an increased total fat mass, particularly a specific increase in visceral fat, contribute to the metabolic aberrations associated with human non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). In this st ... Full text Link to item Cite

GBR12909 stimulates hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal activity by inhibition of uptake at hypothalamic dopamine neurons.

Journal Article Brain Res · June 11, 1993 We have previously demonstrated that the inhibition of neurotransmitter uptake at dopamine (DA) terminals stimulates the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis. In the present study we investigated the role of central DA neuronal systems in the regulation of t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Maternal separation in neonatal rats elicits activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis: a putative role for corticotropin-releasing factor.

Journal Article Psychoneuroendocrinology · 1993 Stress elicits activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis. Hypothalamic neurohormones, including corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), control and promote ACTH secretion and subsequent glucocorticoid synthesis and release. The neona ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hypertension in CB57BL/6J mouse model of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Journal Article Am J Physiol · January 1993 The C57BL/6J (BL/6) mouse develops non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) when fed a high fat-high simple carbohydrate (HFHSC) diet, whereas A/J mice do not. The purpose of the study was to determine whether hypertension occurred with NIDDM and wh ... Full text Link to item Cite

Necessity of 5-HT in opiate-induced prolactin secretion

Journal Article NIDA Research Monograph Series · January 1, 1993 Cite

Dopamine efflux during withdrawal from continuous or intermittent cocaine.

Journal Article Psychopharmacology (Berl) · 1993 Daily, intermittent, subcutaneous cocaine injections produce sensitization, while the continuous administration of cocaine produces tolerance to the behavioral effects of subsequent cocaine injections. The present experiments examined whether these behavio ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mu- and kappa-opiate receptor control of prolactin secretion in rats: ontogeny and interaction with serotonin.

Journal Article Endocrinology · December 1992 The present study explores developmental changes in mu- and kappa-opiate receptor control of PRL secretion. The ontogeny of mu- and kappa-receptor function was determined by assessing the PRL response to the mu-agonist sufentanil (SUF) and the kappa-agonis ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of ether stress on growth hormone during development in the neonatal rat.

Journal Article Neuroendocrinology · November 1992 Stress in adult rats causes an inhibition of growth hormone (GH) secretion which might be mediated by corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF). The response of neonates to stress differs from that observed in adults, including changes in GH secretion that are ... Full text Link to item Cite

Selective activation of mesoamygdaloid dopamine neurons by conditioned stress: attenuation by diazepam.

Journal Article Brain Res · September 11, 1992 Populations of dopamine (DA) neurons in the rat brain are selectively activated by stress, and the response is attenuated by the administration of anxiolytics. Given the role of the component nuclei of the amygdaloid complex in conditioned associations, st ... Full text Link to item Cite

Intermittent and continuous cocaine administration: residual behavioral states during withdrawal.

Journal Article Pharmacol Biochem Behav · September 1992 Rats were pretreated with 40 mg/kg/day cocaine for 14 days by either subcutaneous injections or osmotic minipumps. Rats were then withdrawn from the pretreatment regime for 1 or 7 days and given a 20-mg/kg IP cocaine challenge (day 1) or a 0-, 10-, 20-, or ... Full text Link to item Cite

The effects of liver denervation on the regulation of hepatic biliary secretion.

Journal Article Transplantation · July 1992 Effects of liver denervation on bile formation were studied in eight dogs prepared with chronic biliary fistulas. The animals were studied in the basal state, after feeding, and during infusion of glucagon 50 ng/kg/min, secretin 2 U/kg/hr, or somatostatin ... Full text Link to item Cite

D1 and D2 dopamine receptors stimulate hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal activity in rats.

Journal Article Neuropharmacology · July 1992 A stimulatory role for endogenous dopamine (DA) in the regulation of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal activity has previously been demonstrated. In the present study, the roles of D1 and D2 subtypes of DA receptors in the regulation of activity of the hypotha ... Full text Link to item Cite

Accentuated vagal antagonism of beta-adrenergic effects on ventricular repolarization. Evidence of weaker antagonism in hostile type A men.

Journal Article Circulation · June 1992 BACKGROUND: Prior research has suggested a weaker parasympathetic antagonism of sympathetic effects on the heart in type A (coronary-prone) men. To confirm this phenomenon and extend our understanding of it, we investigated the effects of prior muscarinic ... Full text Link to item Cite

Chronic administration of U50,488H fails to produce hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis tolerance in neonatal rats.

Journal Article Neuropharmacology · February 1992 The present study investigated the effect of chronic administration of a kappa opioid receptor agonist on the function of kappa and mu opioid, serotonergic and cholinergic regulation of secretion from the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis in neonatal rats ... Full text Link to item Cite

Corticosterone hypersecretion in preweanling rats exposed neonatally to trimethyltin.

Journal Article Neurotoxicology · 1992 Developmental neurotoxicity may be influenced by effects of a compound on endocrine function. Here we report that developmental exposure to TMT increases the corticosterone (CS) response to stress in developing rat pups. Long-Evans rat pups were injected i ... Link to item Cite

Menstrual cycle effects on caffeine elimination in the human female.

Journal Article Eur J Clin Pharmacol · 1992 Increases in the levels of sex steroids due to pregnancy or oral contraceptive steroid use are known to decrease significantly the rate at which caffeine is eliminated from the body. An investigation has now been made into whether the changes in sex steroi ... Full text Link to item Cite

D1 and D2 dopamine receptors stimulate hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal activity in rats

Journal Article Neuropharmacology · 1992 A stimulatory role for endogenous dopamine (DA) in the regulation of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal activity has previously been demonstrated. In the present study, the roles of D1 and D2 subtypes of DA receptors in the regulation of activity of the hypotha ... Cite

Massage reduces anxiety in child and adolescent psychiatric patients.

Journal Article J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry · January 1992 A 30-minute back massage was given daily for a 5-day period to 52 hospitalized depressed and adjustment disorder children and adolescents. Compared with a control group who viewed relaxing videotapes, the massaged subjects were less depressed and anxious a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Relaxation therapy reduces anxiety in child and adolescent psychiatric patients.

Journal Article Acta Paedopsychiatr · 1992 The immediate effects of relaxation therapy (RT) were assessed in 40 hospitalized children and adolescents with diagnoses of adjustment disorder and depression. These effects were assessed using a within subjects pre-test/post-test design and by comparison ... Link to item Cite

Tactile-kinesthetic stimulation effects on sympathetic and adrenocortical function in preterm infants.

Journal Article J Pediatr · September 1991 The purpose of our study was to investigate the neuroendocrine response in preterm infants to a pattern of tactile-kinesthetic stimulation that facilitates their growth and development. Preterm infants (mean gestational age 30 weeks, mean birth weight 1176 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ontogeny of mu- and kappa-opiate receptor control of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis in rats.

Journal Article Endocrinology · August 1991 The purpose of the present study was to determine the relative ontogeny of mu- and kappa-opiate receptor control of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in rats. The ability of the mu-agonist morphine and the kappa-agonist U-50,488 to stimulate the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Chronic cocaine administration sensitizes behavioral but not neuroendocrine responses.

Journal Article Brain Res · March 15, 1991 Many behavioral responses to cocaine become progressively exaggerated with chronic treatment. Most studies have focused on cocaine-induced locomotor stimulation and changes in the dopamine projection systems which mediate these actions. However, it is not ... Full text Link to item Cite

Biobehavioral basis of coronary-prone behavior in middle-age men. Part II: Serum cholesterol, the Type A behavior pattern, and hostility as interactive modulators of physiological reactivity.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · 1991 Prior research suggests that the Type A behavior pattern, Cook and Medley Hostility (Ho) scores, and Total Serum Cholesterol (TSC) are positively associated with physiological changes to behavioral stressors. The objective of the present study was to deter ... Full text Link to item Cite

Biobehavioral basis of coronary-prone behavior in middle-aged men. Part I: Evidence for chronic SNS activation in Type As.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · 1991 In previous research using young male subjects, the Type A behavior pattern was linked with cardiovascular and neurohormonal hyperresponsivity to laboratory stressors. The main objective of the present study was to determine whether the positive associatio ... Full text Link to item Cite

Monoamine mediation of cocaine-induced hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal activation.

Journal Article J Pharmacol Exp Ther · January 1991 The acute administration of cocaine (5-20 mg/kg) to rats produced a dose-dependent elevation in both serum corticosterone and plasma adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH). These elevations were maximal at 30 min and returned to basal values by 60 min. The do ... Link to item Cite

Stress reactivity and exercise training in premenopausal and postmenopausal women.

Journal Article Health Psychol · 1991 Examined the influence of ovarian function on psychophysiological stress responses and determined if aerobic exercise reduced stress reactivity. Fifty premenopausal and postmenopausal women initially were subjected to a public speaking task and an ice-on-t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Corticotropin releasing factor stimulates growth hormone secretion in neonatal rats.

Journal Article Life Sci · 1991 Corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) both stimulates ACTH secretion from the pituitary and inhibits secretion of growth hormone (GH) in adult rats through actions in the CNS. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate these pituitary and central acti ... Full text Link to item Cite

Endocrine function as a target of perinatal drug effects: methodologic issues.

Journal Article NIDA Res Monogr · 1991 The goal of this chapter is to indicate potential endocrine targets of perinatal drug exposure, to describe the methodologic issues involved in detecting changes in hormone secretion, and to provide examples of several endocrine systems in which exposure t ... Link to item Cite

Control of expression of insulin resistance and hyperglycemia by different genetic factors in diabetic C57BL/6J mice.

Journal Article Diabetes · January 1991 The inheritance of the tendency to develop diet-induced non-insulin-dependent (type II) diabetes was analyzed in crosses between diabetes-prone C57BL/6J (BL/6) mice and diabetes-resistant A/J mice. The effects of a diabetogenic diet on blood glucose and in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of specific mu and kappa opiate tolerance and abstinence on hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis secretion in the rat.

Journal Article J Pharmacol Exp Ther · December 1990 Chronic administration of opiates to rats results in HPA axis tolerance and abstinence-induced hypersecretion. The effects of specific mu and kappa tolerance and withdrawal on the functional secretion of the HPA axis were evaluated in this study. Adult mal ... Link to item Cite

Evaluation of selective liver denervation methods.

Journal Article Am J Physiol · November 1990 This study compares four methods of hepatic denervation and defines the rate and physiological significance of reinnervation. Five groups of rats were prepared: 10 underwent orthotopic liver transplantation. In nine rats a 90% aqueous phenol solution was a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Endocrine responses to mother-infant separation in developing rats.

Journal Article Dev Psychobiol · July 1990 Separation of neonatal rat pups from the dam have been reported to elicit two endocrine responses in the pup: a fall in growth hormone secretion and a rise in corticosterone secretion. However, the temporal, ontogenetic, and behavioral determinants of thes ... Full text Link to item Cite

Neural adaptation in imipramine-treated rats processed in forced swim test: assessment of time course, handling, rat strain and amine uptake.

Journal Article J Pharmacol Exp Ther · March 1990 The intent of the present series of experiments was to better understand the events that produce a rapid adaptation of beta adrenergic and serotonin-2 (5-HT2) receptors when imipramine treatment and forced swim are combined in Sprague-Dawley rats. Beta adr ... Link to item Cite

Caffeine effects on cardiovascular and neuroendocrine responses to acute psychosocial stress and their relationship to level of habitual caffeine consumption.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · 1990 The effects of a moderate dose of caffeine on cardiovascular and neuroendocrine stress reactivity were examined in 25 healthy male subjects selected as habitual or light consumers of caffeine. Measurements were taken under resting conditions before and aft ... Full text Link to item Cite

Aerobic exercise reduces levels of cardiovascular and sympathoadrenal responses to mental stress in subjects without prior evidence of myocardial ischemia.

Journal Article Am J Cardiol · January 1, 1990 Thirty-seven healthy type A men (mean age 42 years) were randomly assigned to either an aerobic exercise training group or to a strength and flexibility training group. Before exercise, subjects underwent comprehensive physiologic and behavioral assessment ... Full text Link to item Cite

Massage stimulates growth in preterm infants: A replication

Journal Article Infant Behavior and Development · January 1, 1990 Forty preterm infants (M gestational age = 30 weeks; M birth weight = 1176 gms; M duration ICU care = 14 days) were assigned to treatment and control groups once they were considered medically stable. Assignments were based on a random stratification of ge ... Full text Cite

Muscarinic stimulation and antagonism and glucoregulation in nondiabetic and obese hyperglycemic mice.

Journal Article Diabetes · November 1989 Plasma glucose and insulin responses to a muscarinic agonist (bethanechol chloride) and a muscarinic antagonist (atropine) were evaluated in obese C57BL/6J ob/ob mice and in lean C57BL/6J + /? mice. In lean +/? mice, plasma glucose decreased in response to ... Full text Link to item Cite

Anterior and posterior, but not cheek, intraoral cannulation procedures elevate serum corticosterone levels in neonatal rat pups.

Journal Article Dev Psychobiol · May 1989 Implantation of intraoral cannulas is a procedure that has been typically assumed to be relatively unstressful in neonatal rat pups. To test this assumption, endocrine responses to such implantations were compared with those of other standard procedures. I ... Full text Link to item Cite

Abnormalities in the response of plasma arginine vasopressin during hypertonic saline infusion in patients with eating disorders.

Journal Article Biol Psychiatry · May 1989 We examined the response of plasma arginine vasopressin (pAVP) to intravenous 5% hypertonic saline in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN). Patients did not differ from controls in their subjective response for the onset of thirst; ... Full text Link to item Cite

Differential sensitivity to dexamethasone suppression in an animal model of the DST.

Journal Article Biol Psychiatry · May 1989 The present study reports the feedback suppression of basal and stimulated corticosterone secretion in rats by low doses of dexamethasone (DEX). DEX suppression of basal secretion 6 hr after administration was observed with doses as low as 0.005 mg/kg. The ... Full text Link to item Cite

Opiate antagonist treatment reinstates estrous cycles in middle-aged persistent-estrous rats.

Journal Article Biol Reprod · April 1989 Middle-aged female rats display luteinizing hormone (LH) surge deficits and cycle irregularity followed by the onset of persistent estrus (PE). The central nervous system has been identified as a primary locus of failure in PE rats, but the particular neur ... Full text Link to item Cite

Differential glycemic effects of morphine in diabetic and normal mice.

Journal Article Metabolism · March 1989 C57BL/6J ob/ob mice, C57BL/6J+/? lean mice and A/J mice were given injections of 10 mg/kg of morphine or an equal volume of saline, and then blood was sampled by retroorbital sinus puncture. In addition, animals from each strain were exposed to a brief exp ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hormonal effects of early rearing conditions in the infant rhesus monkey

Journal Article American Journal of Primatology · January 1, 1989 Mother‐reared and nursery‐reared rhesus monkeys were evaluated during the first month of life to assess the effects of early rearing on endocrine status in infancy. Plasma cortisol and growth hormone (GH) levels were measured in two conditions: (1) basal a ... Full text Cite

Naltrexone potentiates glycemic responses during stress and epinephrine challenge in genetically obese mice.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · 1989 The genetically obese mouse (C57BL/6J ob/ob) is a commonly used animal model of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. These mice show exaggerated glycemic responses during behavioral stress and adrenergic stimulation, but the precise glucoregulatory mec ... Full text Link to item Cite

Delayed suppression of serum luteinizing hormone after naloxone treatment in neonatal female rats.

Journal Article Life Sci · 1989 In female neonatal rats, opiate receptor blockade markedly raises serum luteinizing hormone (LH) levels. The LH effect of acute treatment with opiate antagonists is apparently brief in older rats; however, age-related differences in antagonist pharmacokine ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of propranolol on cardiovascular and neuroendocrine responses to mental arithmetic in type A men.

Journal Article Neuropsychopharmacology · December 1988 beta-Adrenergic hyperreactivity has been proposed as a pathogenic mechanism of increased coronary risk in Type A individuals. This study compared the effects of propranolol, diazepam, and placebo on cardiovascular and neuroendocrine responses to a stressfu ... Link to item Cite

Infants of depressed mothers show "depressed" behavior even with nondepressed adults.

Journal Article Child Dev · December 1988 To determine whether the "depressed" behavior (e.g., less positive affect and lower activity level) of infants noted during interactions with their "depressed" mothers generalizes to their interactions with nondepressed adults, 74 3-6-month-old infants of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Opioid inhibition of luteinizing hormone release declines with age and acyclicity in female rats.

Journal Article Endocrinology · December 1988 The current study assesses changes in opioid inhibition of LH secretion with age in female rats. We administered naloxone (NAL; 2 mg/kg, iv) to regularly cycling estrous rats of three age groups and measured serum LH in serial samples drawn from intraatria ... Full text Link to item Cite

Diet-induced type II diabetes in C57BL/6J mice.

Journal Article Diabetes · September 1988 We investigated the effects of diet-induced obesity on glucose metabolism in two strains of mice, C57BL/6J and A/J. Twenty animals from each strain received ad libitum exposure to a high-fat high-simple-carbohydrate diet or standard Purina Rodent Chow for ... Full text Link to item Cite

Relative ontogeny of opioid and catecholaminergic regulation of thyrotropin secretion in the rat.

Journal Article Endocrinology · July 1988 In order to study the ontogeny of TSH regulation in the rat, we have compared TSH secretion in neonatal and adult rats after treatment with morphine, TRH and apomorphine, clonidine, and exposure to cold. Apomorphine attenuated exogenous TRH-induced TSH rel ... Full text Link to item Cite

Classically conditioned enhancement of hyperinsulinemia in the ob/ob mouse.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · 1988 The obese (C57BL/6J ob/ob) mouse is a commonly used animal model of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Recent experiments have shown that stress hyperglycemia can be classically conditioned in the obese but not in the lean mouse. In the present study ... Full text Link to item Cite

Physiological responses to catecholamine infusions in type A and type B men.

Journal Article Health Psychol · 1988 To determine whether there are basic biological differences between Type A and Type B men, we compared hemodynamic, electrophysiologic and neuroendocrine responses to equipotent doses of isoproterenol (ISO) and norepinephrine (NE) in 10 Type A and 10 Type ... Link to item Cite

Exercise training in healthy type A middle-aged men: effects on behavioral and cardiovascular responses.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · 1988 Thirty-six healthy Type A men (means = 44.4 years) were randomly assigned to either an aerobic exercise training group or a strength and flexibility training group. Subjects completed a comprehensive psychological assessment battery before and after the ex ... Full text Link to item Cite

Early ontogeny of kappa-opioid receptor regulation of prolactin secretion in the rat.

Journal Article Brain Res · December 15, 1987 Although both mu- and kappa-opioid components of prolactin (PRL) secretion have been identified in the adult rat, the neural pathways through which these multiple receptor subtypes modulate PRL secretion have not been thoroughly investigated. The present s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Perinatal effects of drugs of abuse.

Journal Article Fed Proc · May 15, 1987 Link to item Cite

Exaggerated peripheral responses to catecholamines contributes to stress-induced hyperglycemia in the ob/ob mouse.

Journal Article Pharmacol Biochem Behav · March 1987 The present study investigated the contribution of altered sympathetic reactivity to the stress-induced hyperglycemia observed in the c57BL/6J (ob/ob) mouse, an animal model of type II diabetes. Blood glucose and insulin responses to sympathetic agonist an ... Full text Link to item Cite

Role of serotonin in opiate-induced prolactin secretion and antinociception in the developing rat.

Journal Article J Pharmacol Exp Ther · March 1987 Our laboratory has demonstrated previously that the ability of opiates to stimulate prolactin (PRL) release during ontogeny precedes the appearance of a PRL response to serotonergic drugs. The present study tests the hypothesis that opiates stimulate PRL s ... Link to item Cite

Differential ontogeny of opioid, dopaminergic and serotonergic regulation of prolactin secretion.

Journal Article J Pharmacol Exp Ther · March 1987 The goal of this study was to determine if the opioid system which is stimulatory to prolactin (PRL) secretion develops before the serotonergic system which regulates PRL release. The opioid and serotonergic systems were chosen for comparison because evide ... Link to item Cite

Alpha 1-adrenergic effects and liver regeneration.

Journal Article Hepatology · 1987 The effects of several treatments involving alpha-adrenergic mechanisms upon the early stages of rat liver regeneration were examined. Catecholamine concentrations in rat plasma were measured at various times after hepatectomy and were found to be elevated ... Full text Link to item Cite

α1-Adrenergic effects and liver regeneration

Journal Article Hepatology · 1987 The effects of several treatments involving α-adrenergic mechanisms upon the early stages of rat liver regeneration were examined. Catecholamine concentrations in rat plasma were measured at various times after hepatectomy and were found to be elevated rel ... Cite

Endocrine consequences of perinatal methadone exposure.

Journal Article NIDA Res Monogr · 1987 In summary, we have shown that marked acute responses as well as persistent changes in hypothalamopituitary responsivity to opiate challenge result from perinatal opioid addiction. We have also shown that different endocrine systems and opioid receptor sub ... Link to item Cite

Positive effects of tactile versus kinesthetic or vestibular stimulation on neuroendocrine and ODC activity in maternally-deprived rat pups.

Journal Article Life Sci · December 1, 1986 Previous studies in our laboratory have shown that even short-term separation of preweanling rat pups from the mother produces adverse effects in the pup. These include alterations in ornithine decarboxylase activity and in the secretion of growth hormone ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of beta-endorphin on ornithine decarboxylase in tissues of developing rats: a potential role for this endogenous neuropeptide in the modulation of tissue growth.

Journal Article Life Sci · June 23, 1986 Ornithine decarboxlyase (ODC) catalyzes the initial step in the bio-synthesis of the polyamines spermidine and spermine, which are key regulators of cell growth, proliferation and differentiation. Intracisternal administration of beta-endorphin (1 microgra ... Full text Link to item Cite

Tactile/kinesthetic stimulation effects on preterm neonates.

Journal Article Pediatrics · May 1986 Tactile/kinesthetic stimulation was given to 20 preterm neonates (mean gestational age, 31 weeks; mean birth weight, 1,280 g; mean time in neonatal intensive care unit, 20 days) during transitional ("grower") nursery care, and their growth, sleep-wake beha ... Link to item Cite

Catecholaminergic regulation of opiate-stimulated growth hormone secretion in the developing rat.

Journal Article J Pharmacol Exp Ther · April 1986 In adult rats, the noradrenergic system plays a role in pulsatile and opiate-stimulated growth hormone (GH) secretion through stimulation of alpha-2 adrenergic receptors. The present studies examine catecholaminergic mechanisms which might regulate GH rele ... Link to item Cite

Alprazolam reduces stress hyperglycemia in ob/ob mice.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · 1986 We have shown that the C57BL/6J ob/ob (obese) mouse, a commonly used model of type II diabetes mellitus, is not in fact consistently hyperglycemic except when exposed to environmental stress. In an attempt to modify stress hyperglycemia in this animal, we ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of tactile/kinesthetic stimulation on the clinical course and sleep/wake behavior of preterm neonates

Journal Article Infant Behavior and Development · January 1, 1986 Forty preterm neonates treated in an intensive care nursery (M gestational age= 31 weeks, M birthweight=1274 gms) were randomly assigned to a treatment or control group. The treatment infants received tactile/kinesthetic stimulation (body massage and passi ... Full text Cite

Pharmacologic evaluation of dopaminergic receptor blockade by metoclopramide.

Journal Article Clin Neuropharmacol · 1986 The occurrence of adverse extrapyramidal effects following metoclopramide (MCP) therapy has been well documented in humans. In rats, MCP produced catalepsy and inhibited apomorphine-induced stereotypy, locomotor activity, and rotational behavior. MCP also ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ontogeny of food deprivation effects on ornithine decarboxylase: ornithine decarboxylase induction by alpha and beta agonists.

Journal Article J Pharmacol Exp Ther · November 1985 Short-term food deprivation (FD) of preweanling rat pups causes a marked and specific suppression of liver ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) induction by alpha and beta adrenergic agonists that is mediated by postreceptor mechanisms. In the present study, we d ... Link to item Cite

Effect of chronic methadone administration on neuroendocrine function in young adult rats.

Journal Article J Pharmacol Exp Ther · July 1985 This study reports the endocrine effects of chronic methadone (METH) administration. Two treatment regimens were tested: a constant (5 mg/kg/day, CD) or increasing dose (5 mg/kg twice daily, increasing 1 mg/kg/day, ID). Basal hormone levels and endocrine r ... Link to item Cite

Hepatic cyclic AMP generation and ornithine decarboxylase induction by glucagon and beta adrenergic agonists.

Journal Article Life Sci · May 27, 1985 The relationship of hepatic ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity to cyclic AMP levels and nutritional status was studied in the pre-weanling rat. Previous studies demonstrated that 2 hr without food causes a loss of hepatic ODC induction after glucagon o ... Full text Link to item Cite

Intrahepatic glucose: a requirement for neonatal ODC induction by specific hormones.

Journal Article Am J Physiol · August 1984 We have shown previously that short-term nutritional deprivation causes a tissue-specific loss of liver ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) induction after isoproterenol, phenylephrine, or glucagon administration in rat pups. To examine the role of nutrition in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Behavioral manipulation of the diabetic phenotype in ob/ob mice.

Journal Article Diabetes · July 1984 The genetically obese mouse (C57BL/6J ob/ob) is a commonly used model of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. However, our studies demonstrate that, while the animal is significantly hyperinsulinemic, it in fact does not show consistent hyperglycemia i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Intrahepatic glucose: A requirement for neonatal ODC induction by specific hormones

Journal Article American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism · January 1, 1984 We have shown previously that short-term nutritional deprivation causes a tissue-specific loss of liver ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) induction after isoproterenol, phenylephrine, or glucagon administration in rat pups. To examine the role of nutrition in ... Cite

Effect of chronic methadone administration on neuroendocrine function in developing rats.

Journal Article Dev Pharmacol Ther · 1984 This paper reports the effects of chronic postnatal methadone administration on basal hormone levels and on the endocrine response to methadone. Chronic postnatal methadone administration delayed normal developmental increases in serum T4 (decrease on day ... Full text Link to item Cite

Endocrine effects of methadone in rats; acute effects in adults.

Journal Article Eur J Pharmacol · November 25, 1983 The effects of methadone (METH) on serum levels of prolactin (PRL), growth hormone (GH), corticosterone (CS), TSH and T4 were determined in male and female rats. METH initially (15-45 min after injection) decreased TSH and increased PRL, GH and CS in both ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ontogeny of rat hepatic adrenoceptors.

Journal Article J Pharmacol Exp Ther · October 1983 Hepatic alpha-1, alpha-2 and beta-2 adrenoceptors were characterized during development of the rat through Scatchard analysis of [3H]prazosin, [3H]rauwolscine and [125I]pindolol binding to liver membrane preparations. Major changes in adrenoceptor numbers ... Link to item Cite

Hypertension and cardiovascular hypertrophy during chronic catecholamine infusion in rats.

Journal Article Life Sci · July 11, 1983 Chronic continuous infusion of norepinephrine (NE) or epinephrine (Epi) subcutaneously in rats resulted in rapid elevation of systolic blood pressure (SBP) by 40 mm Hg. Pressure remained high for the duration of the infusion but rapidly returned to control ... Full text Link to item Cite

Tetrabenazine, an amine-depleting drug, also blocks dopamine receptors in rat brain.

Journal Article J Pharmacol Exp Ther · June 1983 Tetrabenazine (TBZ) is used in the treatment of hyperkinetic movement disorders. Its effect is thought to be mediated by depletion of dopamine (DA) stores. We studied other possible mechanisms of action of this drug. TBZ decreased DA concentration in rat s ... Link to item Cite

Differentiation of hemodynamic, humoral and metabolic responses to beta 1- and beta 2-adrenergic stimulation in man using atenolol and propranolol.

Journal Article Circulation · May 1983 The respective contributions of beta-adrenoceptor subtypes to the hemodynamic, humoral and metabolic consequences of adrenergic stimulation during graded exercise in man were investigated using nonselective beta-adrenoceptor blockade with propranolol and b ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ontogeny of stress effects on ornithine decarboxylase activity in rats.

Journal Article Pharmacol Biochem Behav · May 1983 This study demonstrates that "stress" elicits a specific pattern of organ response in developing rats that is determined by the particular "stress" and by the age of the animal. Maternal deprivation (MD) of preweanling rat pups decreases ornithine decarbox ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ontogeny of endocrine responses to methadone in rats.

Journal Article Life Sci · April 25, 1983 The effects of methadone (METH) on serum levels of prolactin (PRL), growth hormone (GH), corticosterone (CS) and TSH were determined in developing rats. METH increased PRL, GH and CS and decreased TSH at all ages tested, but the time course and magnitude o ... Full text Link to item Cite

Selective loss of ornithine decarboxylase response to adrenergic agonists and glucagon during food deprivation of neonatal rats.

Journal Article J Pharmacol Exp Ther · April 1983 We have previously reported that maternal deprivation of rat pups causes a decrease in tissue responsiveness to growth hormone that is mediated by the loss of maternal tactile stimulation. We now report that liver responses to alpha and beta adrenergic ago ... Link to item Cite

Neuroendocrine response to cold in Raynaud's syndrome.

Journal Article Life Sci · February 28, 1983 Eleven patients with Raynaud's syndrome accompanied by monospecific IgG ANA, nine patients with Raynaud's syndrome in the absence of ANA, and nine normal volunteers were exposed to an ambient cold challenge during which time venous blood was continuously s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Lack of potency of metoclopramide's metabolites in various dopaminergic models.

Journal Article Pharmacol Biochem Behav · February 1983 The dopaminergic properties of metoclopramide and four of its metabolites were determined in a series of in vivo and in vitro tests. In vivo measures included changes in dopamine turnover, serum prolactin levels and antagonism of apomorphine-induced stereo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Modulating role of lithium on dopamine turnover, prolactin release, and behavioral supersensitivity following haloperidol and reserpine.

Journal Article Psychopharmacology (Berl) · 1983 The effects of haloperidol, reserpine, and concomitant lithium were evaluated in biochemical, endocrine, and behavioral studies in the rat. Concomitant administration of a chronic regimen of haloperidol and lithium did not prevent the development of tolera ... Full text Link to item Cite

Lack of potency of metoclopramide's metabolites in various dopaminergic models

Journal Article Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior · 1983 The dopaminergic properties of metoclopramide and four of its metabolites were determined in a series of in vivo and in vitro tests. In vivo measures included changes in dopamine turnover, serum prolactin levels and antagonism of apomorphine-induced stereo ... Cite

Norepinephrine content of the rat kidney during development: alterations induced by perinatal methadone.

Journal Article Life Sci · December 27, 1982 The concentration and the total content of norepinephrine (NE) in the kidney were measured in Sprague-Dawley rats from 3 to 120 days after birth. Renal NE concentration was relatively low until the end of the second week, when it rose abruptly to adult lev ... Full text Link to item Cite

Type A behavior and elevated physiological and neuroendocrine responses to cognitive tasks.

Journal Article Science · October 29, 1982 Qualitatively distinct patterns of cardiovascular and neuroendocrine responses were observed in male college students during mental work and during sensory intake task performance. During mental work, Type A (coronary-prone) subjects showed greater muscle ... Full text Link to item Cite

Maturation of growth hormone stimulation of kidney ornithine decarboxylase in the rat.

Journal Article Life Sci · January 25, 1982 The effect of ovine growth hormone (GH) on kidney ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) was studied in newborn, preweanling and young adult rats. Basal kidney ODC activity was very low from 4 to 22 days after birth but rose 20-fold by day 25; it remained elevated ... Full text Link to item Cite

Heterogeneity in the response pattern of organ systems to stress: Mediators and mechanisms

Journal Article Psychopharmacology Bulletin · January 1, 1982 Cite

Tetrabenazine blocks dopaminergic receptors in rat brain

Journal Article Annals of Neurology · January 1, 1982 Cite

Maturation of central nervous system control of growth hormone secretion in rats.

Journal Article J Pharmacol Exp Ther · April 1981 The concentration of growth hormone (GH) in serum of neonatal rats was determined by radioimmunoassay after administration of various drugs that after serum GH in adult rats. Administration of the serotonin precursor 5-hydroxytryptophan or morphine increas ... Link to item Cite

Phenylephrine insensitivity in liver after food deprivation in rat pups

Journal Article Pharmacologist · January 1, 1981 Cite

Effect of 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine on serotonergic control of prolactin secretion and behavior in rats.

Journal Article Psychopharmacology (Berl) · 1981 The intracisternal administration of 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine (5,7-DHT) to rats resulted in a potentiated response to 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) when the animals were tested 30 days later. The 5-HTP-induced changes include elevation of serum prolactin, dec ... Full text Link to item Cite

Synaptic development in brains of rats exposed perinatally to ethanol.

Journal Article Experientia · August 15, 1980 Development of brain synaptosomal uptakes of 3H-norepinephrine and 3H-dopamine in pups whose mothers received ethanol were nearly normal. However, development of synaptosomal uptake of 3H-serotonin was significantly lower than in controls, while uptake of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Experimental dystonia induced by quaternary-chlorpromazine.

Journal Article Neurology · August 1980 When quaternary-chlorpromazine (Q-CPZ) was administered intraventricularly (ICV) to rats, it induced a lateralized dystonic reaction, which progressed to head-to-tail barrel rolling. The syndrome persisted for approximately 10 minutes, was not antagonized ... Full text Link to item Cite

Attenuation of the effects of punishment by ethanol: comparisons with chlordiazepoxide.

Journal Article Psychopharmacology (Berl) · 1980 Ethanol (ETOH), like chlordiazepoxide (CDZ), significantly attenuated the suppressive effect of punishment on licking behavior in water-deprived rats and mice. In rats, the greatest effects of ETOH (1.5 g/kg) were observed between 30 and 60 min following I ... Full text Link to item Cite

Atypical antidopaminergic properties of CI-686: a potential antipsychotic agent.

Journal Article Psychopharmacology (Berl) · 1979 The effects of the antipsychotic/antidepressant drug CI-686 on apomorphine- and amphetamine-induced stereotypies, dopamine metabolism, neuroleptic binding, and serum prolactin levels were determined. CI-686 displayed profiles of activity in each of these s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Metabolism of amphetamine after acute and chronic administration to the rat.

Journal Article J Pharmacol Exp Ther · November 1978 The distribution of amphetamine (AMPH) and its hydroxylated metabolites p-hydroxyamphetamine (POHA), p-hydroxynorephedrine (POHNOR) and p-hydroxyamphetamine glucuronide (POHAG) in various tissues was studied after acute and chronic administration of AMPH t ... Link to item Cite

Behavioral and prolactin responses to 5-hydroxytryptophan in rats treated during development with 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine.

Journal Article Brain Res · October 27, 1978 The serotonin precursor, 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), can induce a behavioral syndrome characterized by rigidity, splayed feet, tremor, head weaving, salivation and forepaw treading. This response to 5-HTP was markedly potentiated in adult rats treated int ... Full text Link to item Cite

Selective depression of serum growth hormone during maternal deprivation in rat pups.

Journal Article Science · September 15, 1978 Maternal deprivation was associated with a decline in immunoreactive growth hormone in the serum of rat pups. Pups that were returned to the mother showed a rapid reversal in this deprivation-induced decrease. The change in growth hormone concentration was ... Full text Link to item Cite

Metabolism of amphetamine by rat brain tissue.

Journal Article Biochem Pharmacol · February 1, 1978 Full text Link to item Cite

An inhibitory role for brain serotonin-containing systems in the locomotor effects of d-amphetamine.

Journal Article J Pharmacol Exp Ther · July 1976 Locomotor activity induced by d-amphetamine was found to be potentiated by food deprivation, a tryptophan-free diet, p-chlorophenylalanine and drugs proposed to antagonize serotonin receptors in brain. Administration of L-tryptophan 1 hour prior to d-amphe ... Link to item Cite

An inhibitory role for brain serotonin containing systems in the locomotor effects of d amphetamine

Journal Article Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics · 1976 Locomotor activity induced by d amphetamine was found to be potentiated by food deprivation, a tryptophan free diet, p chlorophenylalanine and drugs proposed to antagonize serotonin receptors in brain. Administration of L tryptophan 1 hour prior to d amphe ... Cite

Metabolism of D amphetamine by rat brain in vivo and in vitro

Journal Article Pharmacologist · January 1, 1974 Cite