Scholars@Duke
Herbert Edgar Fuchs

Herbert Edgar Fuchs

Professor of Neurosurgery
Neurosurgery
fuchs001@mc.duke.edu
Box 3807, Durham, NC 27710
4544 Hospital South, Box 3807, Durham, NC 27710

Selected Publications

Revisiting the Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy Success Score using machine learning: can we do better?

Journal Article J Neurosurg Pediatr · March 1, 2025 OBJECTIVE: The Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy Success Score (ETVSS) is a useful decision-making heuristic when considering the probability of surgical success, defined traditionally as no repeat cerebrospinal fluid diversion surgery needed within 6 month ... Full text Link to item Cite

The role of occipital condyle and atlas anomalies on occipital cervical fusion outcomes in Chiari malformation type I with syringomyelia: a study from the Park-Reeves Syringomyelia Research Consortium.

Journal Article J Neurosurg Pediatr · July 1, 2024 OBJECTIVE: Congenital anomalies of the atlanto-occipital articulation may be present in patients with Chiari malformation type I (CM-I). However, it is unclear how these anomalies affect the biomechanical stability of the craniovertebral junction (CVJ) and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ratios of head circumference to ventricular size vary over time and predict eventual need for CSF diversion in intraventricular hemorrhage of prematurity.

Journal Article Childs Nerv Syst · March 2024 PURPOSE: Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) of prematurity can lead to hydrocephalus, sometimes necessitating permanent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion. We sought to characterize the relationship between head circumference (HC) and ventricular size in I ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Predictors of Blood Transfusion for Endoscopic Assisted Craniosynostosis Surgery.

Journal Article J Craniofac Surg · July 2022 Blood loss is a main cause of morbidity after craniofacial procedures. The purpose of this study is to identify the incidence and predictors for transfusion of blood products in the endoscopic assisted strip craniectomy population. Data was prospectively c ... Full text Link to item Cite

Complications and outcomes of posterior fossa decompression with duraplasty versus without duraplasty for pediatric patients with Chiari malformation type I and syringomyelia: a study from the Park-Reeves Syringomyelia Research Consortium.

Journal Article J Neurosurg Pediatr · July 1, 2022 OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine differences in complications and outcomes between posterior fossa decompression with duraplasty (PFDD) and without duraplasty (PFD) for the treatment of pediatric Chiari malformation type I (CM1) and syring ... Full text Link to item Cite

Socioeconomic and demographic factors in the diagnosis and treatment of Chiari malformation type I and syringomyelia.

Journal Article J Neurosurg Pediatr · March 1, 2022 OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to assess the social determinants that influence access and outcomes for pediatric neurosurgical care for patients with Chiari malformation type I (CM-I) and syringomyelia (SM). METHODS: The authors used retro- and pro ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ventriculomegaly and postoperative lateral/third ventricular blood as predictors of cerebrospinal fluid diversion following posterior fossa tumor resection.

Journal Article J Neurosurg Pediatr · November 1, 2021 OBJECTIVE: Postoperative hydrocephalus occurs in one-third of children after posterior fossa tumor resection. Although models to predict the need for CSF diversion after resection exist for preoperative variables, it is unknown which postoperative variable ... Full text Link to item Cite

Extradural decompression versus duraplasty in Chiari malformation type I with syrinx: outcomes on scoliosis from the Park-Reeves Syringomyelia Research Consortium.

Journal Article J Neurosurg Pediatr · August 1, 2021 OBJECTIVE: Scoliosis is common in patients with Chiari malformation type I (CM-I)-associated syringomyelia. While it is known that treatment with posterior fossa decompression (PFD) may reduce the progression of scoliosis, it is unknown if decompression wi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Image quality of EOS low-dose radiography in comparison with conventional radiography for assessment of ventriculoperitoneal shunt integrity.

Journal Article J Neurosurg Pediatr · April 1, 2021 OBJECTIVE: Patients with shunted hydrocephalus often accumulate high levels of radiation over their lifetimes during evaluation of hardware integrity. Current practice involves the use of a series of conventional radiographs for this purpose. Newer low-dos ... Full text Link to item Cite

Occipital-Cervical Fusion and Ventral Decompression in the Surgical Management of Chiari-1 Malformation and Syringomyelia: Analysis of Data From the Park-Reeves Syringomyelia Research Consortium.

Journal Article Neurosurgery · January 13, 2021 BACKGROUND: Occipital-cervical fusion (OCF) and ventral decompression (VD) may be used in the treatment of pediatric Chiari-1 malformation (CM-1) with syringomyelia (SM) as adjuncts to posterior fossa decompression (PFD) for complex craniovertebral junctio ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cortical stimulation mapping for localization of visual and auditory language in pediatric epilepsy patients.

Journal Article J Neurosurg Pediatr · February 1, 2020 OBJECTIVE: To determine resection margins near eloquent tissue, electrical cortical stimulation (ECS) mapping is often used with visual naming tasks. In recent years, auditory naming tasks have been found to provide a more comprehensive map. Differences in ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Radiological and clinical predictors of scoliosis in patients with Chiari malformation type I and spinal cord syrinx from the Park-Reeves Syringomyelia Research Consortium.

Journal Article J Neurosurg Pediatr · November 1, 2019 OBJECTIVE: Scoliosis is frequently a presenting sign of Chiari malformation type I (CM-I) with syrinx. The authors' goal was to define scoliosis in this population and describe how radiological characteristics of CM-I and syrinx relate to the presence and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prospective feasibility and safety assessment of surgical biopsy for patients with newly diagnosed diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma.

Journal Article Neuro Oncol · October 9, 2018 BACKGROUND: Diagnosis of diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) has relied on imaging studies, since the appearance is pathognomonic, and surgical risk was felt to be high and unlikely to affect therapy. The DIPG Biology and Treatment Study (DIPG-BATS) re ... Full text Link to item Cite

Novel case of recurrent intraventricular atypical central neurocytoma with prominent gangliogliomatous differentiation in a 10-year-old boy with 10 years of follow up.

Journal Article Neuropathology · October 2018 Central neurocytoma is a rare neuronal tumor that typically occurs in young adults. Infrequently, these tumors exhibit advanced neuronal maturation and glial differentiation, giving rise to a histologically diverse tumor, in contrast to a typical central n ... Full text Link to item Cite

Socioeconomic Factors, Perioperative Complications, and 30-Day Readmission Rates Associated With Delayed Cranial Vault Reconstruction for Craniosynostosis.

Journal Article J Craniofac Surg · October 2018 BACKGROUND: Premature fusion of the cranial sutures can lead to significant neurocognitive, developmental, and esthetic consequences, especially if not corrected within the first year of life. This study aimed to identify the drivers of delayed cranial vau ... Full text Link to item Cite

Multiple Recurrent Fibromatosis With Cranial Fasciitis Characteristics in a Pediatric Patient.

Journal Article J Craniofac Surg · October 2017 Cranial fasciitis is a rare, rapidly growing, but benign fibroblastic tumor of the skull that generally presents in childhood. Local resection or curettage of the affected bone is generally curative and the tumor is thought not to recur. Cranial fasciitis ... Full text Link to item Cite

Endodermal Cyst of the Third Nerve in a Child.

Journal Article J Neuroophthalmol · September 2017 Endodermal cysts, also known as neurogenic, neuroenteric, foregut, bronchogenic, respiratory, epithelial, teratomatous, or gastrocytoma cysts, can be found in the central nervous system, predominantly in the subarachnoid space of the cervical and thoracic ... Full text Link to item Cite

Rhabdomyomatous mesenchymal hamartoma presenting as a sacral skin tag in two neonates with spinal dysraphism.

Journal Article J Cutan Pathol · October 2015 Rhabdomyomatous mesenchymal hamartoma (RMH) is a rare congenital malformation involving the dermis and subcutaneous tissue, of which there were 62 reported cases through 2014. We report RMH in two neonates presenting as a sacral skin tag. In both cases, ma ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ex vivo generation of dendritic cells from cryopreserved, post-induction chemotherapy, mobilized leukapheresis from pediatric patients with medulloblastoma.

Journal Article J Neurooncol · October 2015 Generation of patient-derived, autologous dendritic cells (DCs) is a critical component of cancer immunotherapy with ex vivo-generated, tumor antigen-loaded DCs. An important factor in the ability to generate DCs is the potential impact of prior therapies ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prognostic marker analysis in pediatric intracranial ependymomas.

Journal Article J Neurooncol · April 2015 Histologic grading methods dependent upon H&E staining review have not been shown to reliably predict survival in children with intracranial ependymomas due to the subjectivity of the analytical methods. We hypothesized that the immunohistochemical detecti ... Full text Link to item Cite

Joint eQTL assessment of whole blood and dura mater tissue from individuals with Chiari type I malformation.

Journal Article BMC Genomics · January 22, 2015 BACKGROUND: Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) play an important role in the regulation of gene expression. Gene expression levels and eQTLs are expected to vary from tissue to tissue, and therefore multi-tissue analyses are necessary to fully under ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Congenital neurosurgical problems

Chapter · January 1, 2015 Congenital neurosurgical problems are by definition, present at birth, although they may not become symptomatic, or be detected until sometime later. Pediatric neurosurgeons deal with a variety of congenital problems, including spina bifida, tethered cord, ... Full text Cite

Identification of Chiari Type I Malformation subtypes using whole genome expression profiles and cranial base morphometrics.

Journal Article BMC Med Genomics · June 25, 2014 BACKGROUND: Chiari Type I Malformation (CMI) is characterized by herniation of the cerebellar tonsils through the foramen magnum at the base of the skull, resulting in significant neurologic morbidity. As CMI patients display a high degree of clinical vari ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Genetic evaluation and application of posterior cranial fossa traits as endophenotypes for Chiari type I malformation.

Journal Article Ann Hum Genet · January 2014 Chiari Type I Malformation (CMI) is characterized by herniation of the cerebellar tonsils through the base of the skull. Although cerebellar tonsillar herniation (CTH) is hypothesized to result from an underdeveloped posterior cranial fossa (PF), patients ... Full text Link to item Cite

Stratified whole genome linkage analysis of Chiari type I malformation implicates known Klippel-Feil syndrome genes as putative disease candidates.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2013 Chiari Type I Malformation (CMI) is characterized by displacement of the cerebellar tonsils below the base of the skull, resulting in significant neurologic morbidity. Although multiple lines of evidence support a genetic contribution to disease, no genes ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Inflammatory pseudotumor of the lateral ventricle in a pediatric patient.

Journal Article Pediatr Neurosurg · 2012 Inflammatory pseudotumor (IP) is a benign process that most commonly occurs in the lung and orbit. Extension into the central nervous system is extremely rare, and primary intraventricular lesions of the lateral ventricles are even more infrequent with onl ... Full text Link to item Cite

Complications following decompression of Chiari malformation Type I in children: dural graft or sealant?

Journal Article J Neurosurg Pediatr · August 2011 OBJECT: Posterior fossa decompression with duraplasty for Chiari malformation Type I (CM-I) is a common pediatric neurosurgery procedure. Published series report a complication rate ranging from 3% to 40% for this procedure. Historically, many dural substi ... Full text Link to item Cite

CA-MRSA brain abscess in a healthy infant

Journal Article Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases · April 25, 2011 We report the first case of a previously healthy term 5 week old infant with no known risk factors who developed a frontal lobe abscess from community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA). To date, only 16 cases of invasive CA-MRS ... Full text Cite

Clinical outcome of cerebrospinal fluid shunting for communicating hydrocephalus in mucopolysaccharidoses I, II, and III: a retrospective analysis of 13 patients.

Journal Article Neurosurgery · December 2010 BACKGROUND: Intracranial pathology is a well-documented feature of mucopolysaccharidoses (MPSs), including communicating hydrocephalus (CH). Neither the success nor the complications of cerebrospinal fluid shunting in MPS patients have been well documented ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Endodermal cyst of the oculomotor nerve.

Journal Article Pediatr Neurosurg · August 2010 Full text Link to item Cite

Single-stage bilateral choroid plexectomy for choroid plexus papilloma in a patient presenting with high cerebrospinal fluid output.

Journal Article J Neurosurg Pediatr · April 2010 Cerebrospinal fluid overproduction resulting in communicating hydrocephalus is observed in patients who have choroid plexus papilloma or choroid plexus carcinoma. Less often, patients with these conditions have diffuse villous hyperplasia. Prior studies re ... Full text Link to item Cite

Disappearing bone disease and Chiari I malformation.

Journal Article Pediatr Neurosurg · 2010 Gorham's disease is a rare disorder in which massive osteolysis occurs within bone, and therefore earns its historical name: disappearing bone disease. We describe a case of Chiari I malformation in a patient with this rare disorder, with treatment consist ... Full text Link to item Cite

Spontaneous intrauterine "ping-pong" fracture: review and case illustration.

Journal Article Neuropediatrics · April 2009 We report a case of a closed outer-table parietal "ping-pong" skull fracture occurring in a 4 190-gram female infant born at 39 weeks and 5 days gestation after an uneventful Cesarean section (Apgar scores of 9 and 9 at one and five minutes). There was no ... Full text Link to item Cite

Spontaneous resolution of a 13-mm Chiari malformation Type I in relation to differential growth of the posterior fossa volume.

Journal Article J Neurosurg Pediatr · February 2009 The case of a 3-year-old patient with tuberous sclerosis and a 13-mm Chiari malformation Type I that spontaneously disappeared over the course of 4 years is presented. Using morphometric measurements of the posterior fossa and cerebellum in this patient, t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Few isolated neurons in hypothalamic hamartomas may cause gelastic seizures.

Journal Article Pediatr Neurosurg · 2009 Hypothalamic hamartomas (HHs) are congenital, benign masses in the hypothalamus and tuber cinereum that may cause central precocious puberty and gelastic seizures. Nodules of small neurons are thought to be a universal feature of the microarchitecture of H ... Full text Link to item Cite

Efficacy of high-dose chemotherapy or standard salvage therapy in patients with recurrent medulloblastoma.

Journal Article Neuro Oncol · October 2008 The efficacy of high-dose chemotherapy (HDC) or standard salvage therapy was evaluated in patients with recurrent medulloblastoma (MBL) using retrospective chart review of all patients with recurrent MBL treated at Duke University Medical Center between 19 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Craniosynostosis and rickets.

Journal Article Plast Reconstr Surg · April 2008 Full text Link to item Cite

Development of an acquired Chiari malformation Type I in the setting of an untreated lipomyelomeningocele. Case report.

Journal Article J Neurosurg Pediatr · February 2008 The authors present the case of a child with an untreated lipomyelomeningocele who developed an acquired Chiari malformation Type I (CM-I) with a large syrinx over the course of 3 years. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first report to do ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography of vascular malformations in pediatric patients. Case report.

Journal Article J Neurosurg · September 2007 The authors report the first clinical use of 3-tesla dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) angiography for the diagnosis of a vascular malformation in a pediatric patient. The supply and drainage of an arteriovenous malformation were accurately ... Full text Link to item Cite

Tethered cord due to spina bifida occulta presenting in adulthood: a tricenter review of 61 patients.

Journal Article J Neurosurg Spine · March 2007 OBJECT: Children with spina bifida occulta require early surgery to prevent neurological deficits. The treatment of patients with a congenitally tethered cord who present in adulthood remains controversial. METHODS: The authors studied the medical records ... Full text Link to item Cite

Craniosynostosis Secondary to Rickets: Manifestations on Computed Tomography

Journal Article Radiology Case Reports · January 1, 2007 We present the case of a preterm 6-month-old African American infant who developed craniosynostosis secondary to rickets. This child developed rickets and macrocephaly by the age of 6 months. His head continued to enlarge, and a 3D CT obtained when the chi ... Full text Cite

Chronic subdural hematoma of the neonate: report of two cases and literature review.

Journal Article Pediatr Neurosurg · 2007 We report the cases of 2 infants who were born with macrocephaly and bulging fontanelles and were subsequently found to have chronic subdural hematomas on imaging studies. The etiology of 1 infant was likely due to an inherent coagulopathy, while no etiolo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cerebellopontine angle craniopharyngioma: case report and literature review.

Journal Article Pediatr Neurosurg · 2007 The authors report an unusual case of adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma occurring in isolation in the cerebellopontine angle of a 12-year-old female. The patient presented with a 1-year history of nausea, vomiting, and headache. MRI revealed a left cerebe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Constipation as a reversible cause of ventriculoperitoneal shunt failure. Report of two cases.

Journal Article J Neurosurg · September 2006 Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt failure is a common problem encountered by pediatric neurosurgeons. The majority of such failures are due to obstruction of the device. Conditions in which intraabdominal pressure is chronically elevated, such as pregnancy, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Relationship of cine phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging with outcome after decompression for Chiari I malformations.

Journal Article Neurosurgery · July 2006 OBJECTIVE: Many patients with symptomatic Chiari I malformations experience symptom recurrence after surgical decompression. Identification of predictors of outcome is needed to better select patients most likely to benefit from surgical intervention. We e ... Full text Link to item Cite

Intracranial Ewing sarcoma.

Journal Article Pediatr Blood Cancer · November 2005 The occurrence of primary extraosseous Ewing sarcoma (EES) of the central nervous system (CNS) has only rarely been reported in the literature. It is important to distinguish this entity from the more common central primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) o ... Full text Link to item Cite

The pathology of extracranial scalp and skull masses in young children.

Journal Article Clin Neuropathol · 2004 OBJECTIVE: Extracranial subcutaneous masses involving the scalp and/or skull in young children are uncommon lesions that get excised by the neurosurgeon. Although the most common reported lesion is the dermoid cyst, our experience suggests that the spectru ... Link to item Cite

High-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem-cell rescue in children and adults with newly diagnosed pineoblastomas.

Journal Article J Clin Oncol · June 1, 2003 PURPOSE: We evaluated the usefulness of a treatment regimen that included high-dose chemotherapy (HDC) with autologous stem-cell rescue (ASCR) in patients with newly diagnosed pineoblastoma (PBL). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twelve patients with PBL were initial ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comparison of revision rates following endoscopically versus nonendoscopically placed ventricular shunt catheters.

Journal Article Surg Neurol · May 2003 BACKGROUND: Endoscopic placement of ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt catheters in pediatric patients has been increasingly used in an attempt to minimize the unacceptably high rates of revision. Although this procedure carries an increased expense, there is ... Full text Link to item Cite

Risk factors for pediatric ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection and predictors of infectious pathogens.

Journal Article Clin Infect Dis · April 1, 2003 Identification of risk factors for shunt infection and predictors of infectious pathogens may improve current methods to prevent and treat shunt infections. We reviewed data on 820 consecutive ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt placement procedures in 442 ped ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comparison of total versus partial revision of initial ventriculoperitoneal shunt failures.

Journal Article Pediatr Neurosurg · January 2003 Featured Publication BACKGROUND: Optimal surgical management of patients presenting with shunt failure in the age of neuroendoscopy remains complex. The value of replacing the entire shunt system as opposed to a single shunt component has not been assessed. METHODS: We reviewe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cerebrospinal fluid shunt survival and etiology of failures: a seven-year institutional experience.

Journal Article Pediatr Neurosurg · May 2002 Featured Publication BACKGROUND: Innovations in shunt technology and neuroendoscopy have been increasingly applied to shunt management. However, the relative life span of shunts and the etiology of shunt failure have not been characterized recently. METHODS: We reviewed the re ... Full text Link to item Cite

Clinical outcome differences for lipomyelomeningoceles, intraspinal lipomas, and lipomas of the filum terminale.

Journal Article Neurosurg Rev · December 2001 Failure to differentiate between the different types of lumbosacral lipomas may lead to inaccurate assumptions and inappropriate management of patients. The goal of this study was to determine whether there is a difference in clinical outcome between patie ... Full text Link to item Cite

Acute abdominal symptoms and signs in children and young adults with spina bifida: ten years' experience.

Journal Article J Pediatr Surg · September 2001 Featured Publication BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Diagnosis and management of the acute abdomen in patients with spina bifida (SB) can be problematic. There are at least 4 clinical factors that can predispose to the development of acute abdominal symptoms and signs, and patients with a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pathology of the normal versus the tethered filum terminale.

Conference JOURNAL OF NEUROPATHOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY · May 1, 2001 Link to item Cite

Pathology of the filum terminale in the tethered spinal cord syndrome

Conference LABORATORY INVESTIGATION · January 1, 2001 Link to item Cite

Diagnostic markers in paediatric medulloblastoma: a Paediatric Oncology Group Study.

Journal Article Histopathology · February 1999 AIMS: We have reviewed immunohistochemically 17 paediatric medulloblastomas in order to determine if correlations exist that might be useful in subclassifying these tumours. METHODS AND RESULTS: The patient group included 11 children who had died (mean sur ... Full text Link to item Cite

Intrathecal busulfan treatment of human neoplastic meningitis in athymic nude rats.

Journal Article J Neurooncol · 1999 Featured Publication The current study was designed to evaluate the toxicity and activity of Spartaject Busulfan, a microcrystalline preparation of busulfan, following its intrathecal administration into a nude rat model of human neoplastic meningitis. Animals were treated thr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Analysis of DNA mismatch repair proteins in human medulloblastoma.

Journal Article Clin Cancer Res · June 1998 During replication, the primary function of the eukaryotic DNA mismatch repair (MMR) system is to recognize and correct mismatched base pairs within the DNA helix. Deficiencies in MMR have been reported previously in cases of hereditary nonpolyposis colore ... Link to item Cite

Phase II study of carboplatin (CBDCA) in progressive low-grade gliomas.

Journal Article Neurosurg Focus · April 15, 1998 In this study, the authors sought to investigate the response rate and toxicity of carboplatin in patients with progressive low-grade glioma (LGG). Thirty-two patients with progressive LGG were treated with carboplatin at a dosage of 560 mg/m(2). Treatment ... Full text Link to item Cite

Activity of high-dose cyclophosphamide in the treatment of childhood malignant gliomas.

Journal Article Med Pediatr Oncol · February 1998 Seventeen patients less than or equal to 20 years of age with newly diagnosed (n = 10) or recurrent (n = 7) malignant gliomas (anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma multiforme) were treated with cyclophosphamide in association with hematopoietic cytokine ... Full text Link to item Cite

Solitary fibrous tumor of the meninges occurring after irradiation of a mixed germ cell tumor of the pineal gland.

Journal Article Clin Neuropathol · 1998 Twenty-nine months after surgery, irradiation, and systemic chemotherapy for a pineal mixed germ cell tumor, an 11-year-old Caucasian male developed a 3 cm dural based nodule in the occipital lobe that proved to be a solitary fibrous tumor by immunohistoch ... Link to item Cite

Characterization of a spontaneous murine astrocytoma and abrogation of its tumorigenicity by cytokine secretion.

Journal Article Neurosurgery · December 1997 OBJECTIVE: The promise of immunotherapies developed against brain tumors in animal models has not been realized in human clinical trials. This may be because of the routine use of rodent tumors artificially induced by chemicals or viruses that do not accur ... Full text Link to item Cite

Chromosomal characteristics of childhood brain tumors.

Journal Article Cancer Genet Cytogenet · September 1997 In the present cytogenetic analysis of 116 pediatric brain tumors, chromosomal abnormalities were demonstrated in 44 cases, 48 cases revealed only 46,XX or 46,XY cells, and 24 cases were nonproductive. In contrast to studies of adult brain tumors in which ... Full text Link to item Cite

False positive images in the follow-up of patients with brain tumors.

Journal Article Med Pediatr Oncol · February 1997 In recent years, major advances in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with brain tumors have been seen. Today, evaluation of the central nervous system almost always includes magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The appearance of a new lesion on the MRI ... Full text Link to item Cite

Subcutaneous vaccination with irradiated, cytokine-producing tumor cells stimulates CD8+ cell-mediated immunity against tumors located in the "immunologically privileged" central nervous system.

Journal Article Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · September 17, 1996 Vaccination with cytokine-producing tumor cells generates potent immune responses against tumors outside the central nervous system (CNS). The CNS, however, is a barrier to allograft and xenograft rejection, and established tumors within the CNS have faile ... Full text Link to item Cite

Successful treatment of childhood pilocytic astrocytomas metastatic to the leptomeninges with high-dose cyclophosphamide.

Journal Article Med Pediatr Oncol · July 1996 Leptomeningeal dissemination of childhood pilocytic astrocytoma (PA) is a rare event with little information available regarding therapy. We report here four children with disseminated PA whom we treated with high doses of cyclophosphamide with clinical be ... Full text Link to item Cite

Torticollis acquired in late infancy due to a cerebellar gangliocytoma.

Journal Article Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol · June 1996 Torticollis in infancy is a common disorder and is typically benign and self-limiting. However, in some instances it is the presentation of serious disease. A critical distinction is whether the condition is congenital or acquired. We present a case of acq ... Full text Link to item Cite

Treatment of patients with pineoblastoma with high dose cyclophosphamide.

Journal Article Med Pediatr Oncol · June 1996 The outcome for patients with pineoblastoma has historically been very poor, with most patients dying of disseminated disease despite irradiation. Furthermore, the low incidence of this tumor has hindered progress toward defining better treatment strategie ... Full text Link to item Cite

Microsatellite analysis of childhood brain tumors.

Journal Article Genes Chromosomes Cancer · January 1996 Loss of heterozygosity at specific chromosomal locations has been taken as evidence of a tumor suppressor gene located in that area. We performed a genomic allelotyping study on 46 childhood brain tumors of different histopathological types in order to ide ... Full text Link to item Cite

Efficacy of compartmental administration of immunotoxin LMB-1 (B3-LysPE38) in a rat model of carcinomatous meningitis.

Journal Article Clin Cancer Res · December 1995 LMB-1 (B3-LysPE38) is an immunotoxin composed of the tumor-reactive monoclonal antibody B3 and a genetically engineered form of Pseudomonas exotoxin. Monoclonal antibody B3 reacts with a carbohydrate epitope that is found on a number of solid tumors (e.g., ... Link to item Cite

MRI of papillary meningiomas in children.

Journal Article Pediatr Radiol · November 1995 We report two cases of papillary meningioma in children. The MRI appearance of this special type of meningioma is described for the first time. Both lesions were dura based and associated with cystic components. We review the literature pertaining to this ... Link to item Cite

Intraarterial administration of melphalan for treatment of intracranial human glioma xenografts in athymic rats.

Journal Article Cancer Res · September 1, 1995 Malignant gliomas will affect 15,000-17,000 Americans each year and carry a dismal prognosis. Adjuvant chemotherapy is hampered by inadequate drug delivery, systemic toxicity, and a markedly variable biological sensitivity. Intraarterial (i.a.) therapy may ... Link to item Cite

Cyclophosphamide in combination with sargramostim for treatment of recurrent medulloblastoma.

Journal Article Med Pediatr Oncol · September 1995 Thirteen patients with recurrent medulloblastoma were treated with cyclophosphamide in association with Sargramostim. Cyclophosphamide was given at doses ranging between 1.0-2.5 g/m2 daily for two doses. Sargramostim was given at a fixed dose of 250 microg ... Full text Link to item Cite

Chromosome 10 deletion mapping in human gliomas: a common deletion region in 10q25.

Other Oncogene · June 1, 1995 The high incidence of loss of chromosome 10 alleles in glioblastoma multiforme suggests the presence on this chromosome of a tumor suppressor gene that is important in glioma tumorigenesis and progression. Our initial deletion mapping studies using restric ... Link to item Cite

SYNCHRONOUS EPENDYMO-GLIOMAS

Conference Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology · May 1995 Full text Cite

Dose escalation trial of cyclophosphamide with Sargramostim in the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) neoplasms.

Journal Article Med Pediatr Oncol · April 1995 We conducted a dose escalation trial of cyclophosphamide plus Sargramostim in the therapy of patients with newly diagnosed or recurrent central nervous system tumors. Cyclophosphamide was administered at doses ranging between 1.0 and 2.5 g/m2 daily for two ... Full text Link to item Cite

Intrathecal administration of single-chain immunotoxin, LMB-7 [B3(Fv)-PE38], produces cures of carcinomatous meningitis in a rat model.

Journal Article Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · March 28, 1995 LMB-7 [B3(Fv)-PE38] is a single-chain immunotoxin constructed from the murine monoclonal antibody B3 and a truncated from of Pseudomonas exotoxin PE38. Antibody B3 recognizes a carbohydrate epitope found on solid tumors that frequently invade the intrathec ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prognostic implications of chromosome 17p deletions in human medulloblastomas.

Journal Article J Neurooncol · 1995 DNA derived from medulloblastoma biopsies was analyzed to determine if deletions of the 17p region, mutations of the TP53 gene, or amplification of the c-myc, N-myc, EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor), or MDM2 (murine double-minute-2) genes was indica ... Full text Link to item Cite

Post-traumatic epidermoid cyst: CT appearance.

Other J Comput Assist Tomogr · 1995 We report development of an intracranial epidermoid cyst 2 years after a depressed skull fracture. The epidermoid cyst is presumed to be the result of introduction of epidermal elements at the time of trauma. Post-traumatic intracranial epidermoid cysts ar ... Full text Link to item Cite

Diagnosis and management of astrocytomas occurring in the posterior fossa

Journal Article Neurosurgery Quarterly · January 1, 1995 The posterior fossa is a common site of occurrence of astrocytic tumors in the pediatric population. The two distinct subgroups comprising these tumors are cerebellar astrocytomas and brainstem gliomas. The cerebellar astrocytoma commonly presents with sig ... Full text Cite

Intrathecal melphalan therapy of human neoplastic meningitis in athymic nude rats.

Journal Article Cancer Res · September 1, 1994 We report the activity and toxicity of intrathecal melphalan in the treatment of human neoplastic meningitis in the subarachnoid space of athymic nude rats. Animals received injections via chronic indwelling subarachnoid catheters with 5 x 10(5) or 5 x 10( ... Link to item Cite

Surgery, hyperfractionated craniospinal irradiation, and adjuvant chemotherapy in the management of supratentorial embryonal neuroepithelial neoplasms in children.

Journal Article Surg Neurol · October 1993 Supratentorial embryonal neuroepithelial tumors are undifferentiated neoplasms. We have used this term in preference to the controversial classification primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNET). These lesions in children are malignant neoplasms which are us ... Full text Link to item Cite

Intraarterial therapy of human glioma xenografts in athymic rats using 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide.

Journal Article Cancer Res · May 15, 1993 The addition of chemotherapy, notably using nitrosoureas, in the treatment of patients with glioblastoma multiforme has resulted in only modest improvements in long-term patient survival over the use of surgical intervention and irradiation alone. Intraart ... Link to item Cite

NEUROPATHOLOGY OF MULTIPLE VERSUS SINGLE DOSE INTRATHECAL MELPHALAN IN RATS

Conference Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology · May 1993 Full text Cite

MRI of gangliocytoma of cerebellum and spinal cord.

Other J Comput Assist Tomogr · 1993 Gangliocytomas are rare CNS tumors that occur in children and young adults. We present a case of a cerebellar gangliocytoma with invasion of the cervical spinal cord demonstrated on MR. Radiographic differentiation of gangliocytomas from other ganglion cel ... Full text Link to item Cite

Activity of intrathecal 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide in a nude rat model of human neoplastic meningitis.

Journal Article Cancer Res · March 15, 1990 Neoplastic meningitis can result from leptomeningeal dissemination of a variety of cancers. We now report the development of animal models of human neoplastic meningitis and activity of intrathecal 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide (4-HC) against the human rha ... Link to item Cite

A NUDE RAT MODEL OF LEPTOMENINGEAL TUMOR DISSEMINATION (LTD) OF HUMAN MEDULLOBLASTOMA

Conference Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology · May 1989 Full text Cite

Immunology of transplantation in the central nervous system.

Journal Article Appl Neurophysiol · 1988 The brain has long been considered an immunologically privileged site. Tissue transplanted to the central nervous system (CNS) is immunologically better tolerated than grafts to other regions of the body. With improved graft survival, tissue transplantatio ... Full text Link to item Cite

Specificity of alpha 2-macroglobulin covalent cross-linking for the active domain of proteinases.

Journal Article Biol Chem Hoppe Seyler · November 1986 The reaction of alpha 2-macroglobulin (alpha 2M) with the two-chain enzyme plasma kallikrein results in covalent bond formation between the catalytic subunit and the inhibitor. We have recently published a model of alpha 2M which suggests that this phenome ... Full text Link to item Cite

The macrophage-mediated regulation of hepatocyte synthesis of antithrombin III and alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor.

Journal Article Thromb Res · March 1, 1986 Antithrombin III (ATIII) is an anticoagulant protein which binds and inactivates thrombin and other serine proteinases. Little is known about regulation of its synthesis. We confirm that ATIII is synthesized by isolated rat hepatocytes, and that its synthe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Releasable vascular plasminogen activator and thrombotic strokes.

Journal Article Am J Med · October 1985 Releasable vascular plasminogen activator was measured in 28 patients (14 males and 14 females) with a history of thrombotic strokes documented by computed tomographic scanning. Levels were compared with those in a control population of 126 healthy subject ... Full text Link to item Cite

Catabolism of human tissue plasminogen activator in mice.

Journal Article Blood · March 1985 The catabolism of human tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) was studied in mice. The clearance of t-PA labeled with iodine 125 was rapid (t1/2). The clearance of phenylmethylsulfonyl-125I-t-PA, which is active site-inhibited, was identical to the active en ... Link to item Cite

Regulation of factor IXa in vitro in human and mouse plasma and in vivo in the mouse. Role of the endothelium and the plasma proteinase inhibitors.

Journal Article J Clin Invest · June 1984 The regulation of human Factor IXa was studied in vitro in human and mouse plasma and in vivo in the mouse. In human plasma, approximately 60% of the 125I-Factor IXa was bound to antithrombin III (ATIII) by 2 h, with no binding to alpha 2-macroglobulin or ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hepatocyte uptake of alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor-trypsin complexes in vitro: evidence for a shared uptake mechanism for proteinase complexes of alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor and antithrombin III.

Journal Article J Cell Biochem · 1984 In vivo clearance studies have indicated that the clearance of proteinase complexes of the homologous serine proteinase inhibitors alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor and antithrombin III occurs via a specific and saturable pathway located on hepatocytes. In vitr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hepatocyte receptors for antithrombin III-proteinase complexes.

Journal Article J Cell Biochem · 1984 The in vivo clearance of antithrombin III-proteinase complexes occurs via a specific and saturable pathway located on hepatocytes. We now report studies of the catabolism of antithrombin III-proteinase complexes in vitro using rat hepatocytes in primary cu ... Full text Link to item Cite

SYNTHESIS OF ANTITHROMBIN-III BY CULTURED RAT HEPATOCYTES

Conference LABORATORY INVESTIGATION · January 1, 1984 Link to item Cite

Regulation of factor Xa in vitro in human and mouse plasma and in vivo in mouse. Role of the endothelium and plasma proteinase inhibitors.

Journal Article J Clin Invest · December 1983 The regulation of human Factor Xa was studied in vitro in human and mouse plasma, and in vivo in mouse. In human plasma, 125I-Factor Xa bound to alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor, antithrombin III, and alpha 2-macroglobulin in a ratio of 4.9:1.9:1 as determined ... Full text Link to item Cite

THE CATABOLISM OF HUMAN FACTOR-XA IN A MOUSE MODEL

Conference FEDERATION PROCEEDINGS · January 1, 1983 Link to item Cite

A unique pathway for the plasma elimination of alpha 2-antiplasmin-protease complexes in mice.

Journal Article Thromb Haemost · October 29, 1982 Radiolabeled alpha 2-antiplasmin cleared slowly from the circulation of mice. Complex formation with either plasmin or trypsin resulted in a significant increase in the plasma elimination rate of the protease inhibitor. Approximately 20 min and 14 min were ... Link to item Cite

In vivo catabolism of alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor-trypsin, antithrombin III-thrombin and alpha 2-macroglobulin-methylamine.

Journal Article Biochim Biophys Acta · May 27, 1982 The clearances of 125I-labeled alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor-trypsin, antithrombin III-thrombin and alpha 2-macroglobulin-methylamine (CH3NH2) were compared in our previously described mouse model. alpha 1-Proteinase inhibitor-trypsin cleared with a t 1/2 o ... Full text Link to item Cite

Three-dimensional structures of C-phycocyanin and B-phycoerythrin at 5-A resolution.

Journal Article J Biol Chem · June 10, 1980 Single crystal x-ray diffraction studies are proceeding on two phycobiliproteins: C-Phycocyanin from Anabaena variabilis and B-Phycoerythrin from Porphyridium cruentum. C-Phycocyanin consists of six alpha and six beta subunits. A three-dimensional x-ray di ... Link to item Cite

Preliminary crystallographic investigations of two phycobiliproteins.

Journal Article J Biol Chem · November 25, 1977 Single crystal x-ray diffraction investigations are in progress on two phycobiliproteins. C-phycocyanin from Anabaena variabilis crystallizes in space group P63 with a = b = 154 A and c = 40 A. The crystallographic asymmetric unit is (alphabeta)2 with a to ... Link to item Cite