Journal ArticleJ Am Coll Radiol · October 2025
OBJECTIVES: Differences in CT-based body composition (BC) have been observed by race. We sought to investigate whether indices reporting census block group-level disadvantage, Area Deprivation Index (ADI) and Social Vulnerability Index (SVI), age, gender, ...
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Journal ArticleMed Phys · September 2025
BACKGROUND: Oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) exhibits varying responses to chemoradiation therapy, making treatment outcome prediction challenging. Traditional imaging-based methods often fail to capture the spatial heterogeneity within tumors, which influences ...
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Journal ArticleKidney Int · August 2025
BACKGROUND: Visual scoring of tubular damage has limitations in capturing the full spectrum of structural changes and prognostic potential. Here, we investigated if computationally quantified tubular features can enhance prognostication and reveal spatial ...
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Journal ArticleRadiol Artif Intell · July 2025
The Duke Lung Cancer Screening (DLCS) Dataset contains is a large collection of lung cancer screening low-dose CT scans for lung nodule classification with annotations performed in a semi-automated manner, requiring substantially reduced radiologist effort ...
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Journal ArticleMed Image Anal · July 2025
Virtual Imaging Trials (VIT) offer a cost-effective and scalable approach for evaluating medical imaging technologies. Computational phantoms, which mimic real patient anatomy and physiology, play a central role in VITs. However, the current libraries of c ...
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Journal ArticleArXiv · April 4, 2025
Clinical imaging trials play a crucial role in advancing medical innovation but are often costly, inefficient, and ethically constrained. Virtual Imaging Trials (VITs) present a solution by simulating clinical trial components in a controlled, risk-free en ...
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ConferenceMed Phys · April 2025
BACKGROUND: Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is widely used for managing brain metastases (BMs), but an adverse effect, radionecrosis, complicates post-SRS management. Differentiating radionecrosis from tumor recurrence non-invasively remains a major clinic ...
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Journal ArticleArtif Intell Med · February 2025
In this paper, we introduce a novel concordance-based predictive uncertainty (CPU)-Index, which integrates insights from subgroup analysis and personalized AI time-to-event models. Through its application in refining lung cancer screening (LCS) predictions ...
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Journal ArticleProc SPIE Int Soc Opt Eng · February 2025
In medical imaging, harmonization plays a crucial role in reducing variability arising from diverse imaging devices and protocols. Patient images obtained under different computed tomography (CT) scan conditions may show varying performance when analyzed u ...
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Journal ArticleNeurogastroenterol Motil · January 2025
BACKGROUND: Patients' report of bowel movement consistency is unreliable. We demonstrate the feasibility of long-term automated stool image data collection using a novel Smart Toilet and evaluate a deterministic computer-vision analytic approach to assess ...
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Journal ArticleFront Oncol · 2025
PURPOSE: This work investigates the use of a spherical projection-based U-Net (SPU-Net) segmentation model to improve meningioma segmentation performance and allow for uncertainty quantification. METHODS: A total of 76 supratentorial meningioma patients tr ...
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Journal ArticleClin J Am Soc Nephrol · December 23, 2024
BACKGROUND: Interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IFTA), and density and shape of peritubular capillaries (PTCs), are independently prognostic of disease progression. This study aimed to identify novel digital biomarkers of disease progression and ass ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys · October 1, 2024
PURPOSE: To develop a novel deep ensemble learning model for accurate prediction of brain metastasis (BM) local control outcomes after stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). METHODS AND MATERIALS: A total of 114 brain metastases (BMs) from 82 patients were evalu ...
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Journal ArticleBiocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering · July 1, 2024
For individuals with Type-1 diabetes mellitus, accurate prediction of future blood glucose values is crucial to aid its regulation with insulin administration, tailored to the individual's specific needs. The authors propose a novel approach for the integr ...
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ConferenceMed Phys · May 2024
BACKGROUND: Delta radiomics is a high-throughput computational technique used to describe quantitative changes in serial, time-series imaging by considering the relative change in radiomic features of images extracted at two distinct time points. Recent wo ...
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Journal ArticleJ Am Coll Radiol · May 2024
PURPOSE: The aims of this study were to evaluate (1) frequency, type, and lung cancer stage in a clinical lung cancer screening (LCS) population and (2) the association between patient characteristics and Lung CT Screening Reporting & Data System (Lung-RAD ...
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Journal ArticleMed Phys · March 2024
BACKGROUND: Uncertainty quantification in deep learning is an important research topic. For medical image segmentation, the uncertainty measurements are usually reported as the likelihood that each pixel belongs to the predicted segmentation region. In pot ...
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Journal ArticleJ Med Imaging (Bellingham) · March 2024
PURPOSE: We aim to interrogate the role of positron emission tomography (PET) image discretization parameters on the prognostic value of radiomic features in patients with oropharyngeal cancer. APPROACH: A prospective clinical trial (NCT01908504) enrolled ...
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ConferenceProgress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging Proceedings of SPIE · January 1, 2024
Virtual Imaging Trials, known as VITs, provide a computational substitute for clinical trials. These traditional trials tend to be sluggish, costly, and frequently deficient in definitive evidence, all the while subjecting participants to ionizing radiatio ...
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Journal ArticleBMJ Oncol · 2024
Oncology is becoming increasingly personalised through advancements in precision in diagnostics and therapeutics, with more and more data available on both ends to create individualised plans. The depth and breadth of data are outpacing our natural ability ...
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ConferenceProceeding 2024 IEEE Cloud Summit Cloud Summit 2024 · January 1, 2024
We present a model-less, privacy-preserving, low-latency inference framework to satisfy user-defined System-Level Objectives (SLO) for Stable Diffusion as a Service (SDaaS). Developers of Stable Diffusion (SD) models register their trained models on our pr ...
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Journal ArticleFront Immunol · 2024
INTRODUCTION: Immune dysregulation plays a major role in cancer progression. The quantification of lymphocytic spatial inflammation may enable spatial system biology, improve understanding of therapeutic resistance, and contribute to prognostic imaging bio ...
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Conference2024 IEEE 20th International Conference on Body Sensor Networks Bsn 2024 Proceedings · January 1, 2024
For subjects affected with type-1 diabetes mellitus, accurately predicting future blood glucose values helps regulate insulin delivery. This paper introduces a dual Q-network-based neural architecture search approach to develop and train per-sonalized BG p ...
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ConferenceProceedings 2024 International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications Icmla 2024 · January 1, 2024
The deployment of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) as cloud services has accelerated significantly over the years. Training an application-specific DNN for cloud deployment requires substantial computational resources and costs associated with hyper-parameter t ...
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Journal ArticlePhotonix · December 1, 2023
Until recently, conventional biochemical staining had the undisputed status as well-established benchmark for most biomedical problems related to clinical diagnostics, fundamental research and biotechnology. Despite this role as gold-standard, staining pro ...
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Journal ArticleMed Phys · August 2023
PURPOSE: To develop a neural ordinary differential equation (ODE) model for visualizing deep neural network behavior during multi-parametric MRI-based glioma segmentation as a method to enhance deep learning explainability. METHODS: By hypothesizing that d ...
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Journal ArticleJ Magn Reson Imaging · August 2023
BACKGROUND: The T2 w sequence is a standard component of a prostate MRI examination; however, it is time-consuming, requiring multiple signal averages to achieve acceptable image quality. PURPOSE/HYPOTHESIS: To determine whether a denoised, single-average ...
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Journal ArticleEur Radiol · August 2023
OBJECTIVE: To develop and evaluate task-based radiomic features extracted from the mesenteric-portal axis for prediction of survival and response to neoadjuvant therapy in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). METHODS: Consecutive patients ...
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Journal ArticleMed Phys · June 2023
BACKGROUND: Due to intrinsic differences in data formatting, data structure, and underlying semantic information, the integration of imaging data with clinical data can be non-trivial. Optimal integration requires robust data fusion, that is, the process o ...
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Journal ArticleRadiol Artif Intell · May 2023
PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of training data type on generalizability of deep learning liver segmentation models. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act-compliant retrospective study included 860 MRI and CT a ...
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Journal ArticleKidney360 · May 1, 2023
KEY POINTS: Computational image analysis allows for the extraction of new information from whole-slide images with potential clinical relevance. Peritubular capillary (PTC) density is decreased in areas of interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy when mea ...
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Journal ArticleJ Magn Reson Imaging · January 2023
BACKGROUND: There is a sparsity of data evaluating outcomes of patients with Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) (LR)-M lesions. PURPOSE: To compare overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) between hepatocellular carcinoma (H ...
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Journal ArticleAbdom Radiol (NY) · January 2023
PURPOSE: Treatment for gastroesophageal adenocarcinomas can result in significant morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study is to supplement methods for choosing treatment strategy by assessing the relationship between CT-derived body composition, ...
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ConferenceConference Proceedings IEEE SOUTHEASTCON · January 1, 2023
Autoencoders are used in a variety of safety-critical applications. Uncertainty quantification is a key component to bolster the trustworthiness of such models. With the growing complexity of the autoencoder design and the dataset they are trained on, ther ...
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ConferenceProgress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging Proceedings of SPIE · January 1, 2023
Deep learning methods have performed superiorly to segment organs of interest from Computed Tomography images than traditional methods. However, the trained models do not generalize well at the inference phase, and manual validation and correction are not ...
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ConferenceProceedings 23rd IEEE ACM International Symposium on Cluster Cloud and Internet Computing Workshops Ccgridw 2023 · January 1, 2023
Machine learning (ML) training jobs are resource intensive. High infrastructure costs of computing clusters encourage multi-tenancy in GPU resources. This invites a scheduling problem in assigning multiple ML training jobs on a single GPU while minimizing ...
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ConferenceProceedings 2023 IEEE Cloud Summit Cloud Summit 2023 · January 1, 2023
Cloud infrastructures encourage the multi-tenancy of hardware resources. User-defined Machine Learning (ML) training jobs are offloaded to the cloud for efficient training. State-of-the-art resource schedulers do not preserve user privacy by accessing sens ...
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Journal ArticleFront Oncol · 2023
OBJECTIVE: To develop a Multi-Feature-Combined (MFC) model for proof-of-concept in predicting local failure (LR) in NSCLC patients after surgery or SBRT using pre-treatment CT images. This MFC model combines handcrafted radiomic features, deep radiomic fea ...
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ConferenceProceedings 2023 IEEE International Conference on Digital Health Icdh 2023 · January 1, 2023
An accurate prediction of blood glucose levels for individuals affected with type-1 diabetes mellitus helps to regulate blood glucose through specific insulin delivery. In our work, we propose the design of a densely-connected encoder-decoder network in co ...
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Journal ArticleMed Phys · November 2022
PURPOSE: To develop a radiomics filtering technique for characterizing spatial-encoded regional pulmonary ventilation information on lung computed tomography (CT). METHODS: The lung volume was segmented on 46 CT images, and a 3D sliding window kernel was i ...
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Journal ArticleCancers (Basel) · October 22, 2022
Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is a standard of care for many patients with brain metastases. To optimize post-SRS surveillance, this study aimed to validate a previously published nomogram predicting post-SRS intracranial progression (IP). We identified ...
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Journal ArticleAbdom Radiol (NY) · September 2022
Radiomics is a high-throughput approach to image phenotyping. It uses computer algorithms to extract and analyze a large number of quantitative features from radiological images. These radiomic features collectively describe unique patterns that can serve ...
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Journal ArticleJ Magn Reson Imaging · August 2022
BACKGROUND: The Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) is widely used for diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), however, with unsatisfactory sensitivity, complex ancillary features, and inadequate integration with gadoxetate disodium (EOB)- ...
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Journal ArticleActa Radiol · June 2022
BACKGROUND: The value of dual-energy computed tomography (DECT)-based radiomics in renal lesions is unknown. PURPOSE: To develop DECT-based radiomic models and assess their incremental values in comparison to conventional measurements for differentiating e ...
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ConferenceMed Phys · May 2022
PURPOSE: To develop a deep learning model design that integrates radiomics analysis for enhanced performance of COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 pneumonia detection using chest x-ray images. METHODS: As a novel radiomics approach, a 2D sliding kernel was implemen ...
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Journal ArticleTomography · March 10, 2022
The purpose of this study was to investigate if radiomic analysis based on spectral micro-CT with nanoparticle contrast-enhancement can differentiate tumors based on lymphocyte burden. High mutational load transplant soft tissue sarcomas were initiated in ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI · February 2022
BackgroundThe Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) is widely accepted as a reliable diagnostic scheme for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in at-risk patients. However, its application is hampered by substantial complexity and suboptima ...
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Journal ArticleCan J Cardiol · February 2022
Machine learning has seen slow but steady uptake in diagnostic pathology over the past decade to assess digital whole-slide images. Machine learning tools have incredible potential to standardise, and likely even improve, histopathologic diagnoses, but the ...
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Journal ArticleFront Oncol · 2022
PURPOSE: To develop a method of biologically guided deep learning for post-radiation 18FDG-PET image outcome prediction based on pre-radiation images and radiotherapy dose information. METHODS: Based on the classic reaction-diffusion mechanism, a novel bio ...
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ConferenceProgress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging Proceedings of SPIE · January 1, 2022
The purpose of this study was to investigate if radiomic analysis based on spectral micro-CT with nanoparticle contrast-enhancement can differentiate tumors based on tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) burden. High mutational load transplant soft tissue sa ...
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Journal ArticleRadiology · December 2021
Background Current imaging methods for prediction of complete margin resection (R0) in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are not reliable. Purpose To investigate whether tumor-related and perivascular CT radiomic features improve preope ...
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Journal ArticleJ Med Imaging (Bellingham) · November 2021
Purpose: Recent advances in computational image analysis offer the opportunity to develop automatic quantification of histologic parameters as aid tools for practicing pathologists. We aim to develop deep learning (DL) models to quantify nonsclerotic and s ...
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Journal ArticleRadiology · August 2021
Background Pharmacologic treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is long term in nature; thus, early noninvasive treatment response assessment is important for therapeutic decision making. Purpose To investigate potential early predictors of the 1 ...
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Journal ArticleMed Phys · July 2021
PURPOSE: This study investigated the prognostic potential of intra-treatment PET radiomics data in patients undergoing definitive (chemo) radiation therapy for oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) on a prospective clinical trial. We hypothesized that the radiomic ex ...
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Journal ArticlePhys Med Biol · May 31, 2021
Objective. Synthesize realistic and controllable respiratory motions in the extended cardiac-torso (XCAT) phantoms by developing a generative adversarial network (GAN)-based deep learning technique.Methods. A motion generation model was developed using bic ...
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Journal ArticleRadiology. Imaging cancer · April 2021
The radiologic appearance of locally advanced lung cancer may be linked to molecular changes of the disease during treatment, but characteristics of this phenomenon are poorly understood. Radiomics, liquid biopsy of cell-free DNA (cfDNA), and next-generati ...
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Journal ArticleNat Rev Nephrol · November 2020
The emergence of digital pathology - an image-based environment for the acquisition, management and interpretation of pathology information supported by computational techniques for data extraction and analysis - is changing the pathology ecosystem. In par ...
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Journal ArticleQuant Imaging Med Surg · October 2020
BACKGROUND: To develop a high-efficiency pulmonary nodule computer-aided detection (CAD) method for localization and diameter estimation. METHODS: The developed CAD method centralizes a novel convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm, You Only Look Once ...
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Journal ArticlePhys Med Biol · March 19, 2020
Develop a machine learning-based method to generate multi-contrast anatomical textures in the 4D extended cardiac-torso (XCAT) phantom for more realistic imaging simulations. As a pilot study, we synthesize CT and CBCT textures in the chest region. For tra ...
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Journal ArticleBiomed Phys Eng Express · March 2, 2020
PURPOSE: to develop digital phantoms for characterizing inconsistencies among radiomics extraction methods based on three radiomics toolboxes: CERR (Computational Environment for Radiological Research), IBEX (imaging biomarker explorer), and an in-house ra ...
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ConferenceFrontiers in oncology · January 2020
Purpose To develop a deep learning-based AI agent, DDD-PIOP (Dose-Distribution-Driven PET Image Outcome Prediction), for predicting 18FDG-PET image outcomes of oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) in response to intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). Methods ...
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Journal ArticleFront Oncol · 2020
PURPOSE: To develop a deep learning-based AI agent, DDD-PIOP (Dose-Distribution-Driven PET Image Outcome Prediction), for predicting 18FDG-PET image outcomes of oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) in response to intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). METHODS ...
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Journal ArticleSci Rep · August 8, 2019
Contemporary medical imaging is becoming increasingly more quantitative. The emerging field of radiomics is a leading example. By translating unstructured data (i.e., images) into structured data (i.e., imaging features), radiomics can potentially characte ...
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Journal ArticlePhys Med Biol · January 8, 2019
The purpose of this work was to investigate the potential relationship between radiomic features extracted from pre-treatment x-ray CT images and clinical outcomes following stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). ...
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Journal ArticleQuarterly of Applied Mathematics · January 1, 2019
This paper introduces a novel data clustering algorithm based on Langevin dynamics, where the associated potential is constructed directly from the data. To introduce a self-consistent potential, we adopt the potential model from the established Quantum Cl ...
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Journal ArticleAdv Radiat Oncol · 2019
PURPOSE: Concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CRT) is the principal treatment modality for locally advanced lung cancer. Cell death due to CRT leads to the release of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) into the bloodstream, but the kinet ...
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Journal ArticlePLoS One · 2019
PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of using delta-radiomics to predict overall survival (OS) for patients with recurrent malignant gliomas treated by concurrent stereotactic radiosurgery and bevacizumab, and to investigate the effec ...
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Journal ArticlePhys Med Biol · November 8, 2018
The purpose of this research was to study the sensitivity of Computed Tomography (CT) radiomic features to motion blurring and signal-to-noise ratios (SNR), and investigate its downstream effect regarding the classification of non-small cell lung cancer (N ...
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Journal ArticleLung Cancer · November 2018
PURPOSE: To compare sublobar resection and stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in patients with stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS: Patients undergoing sublobar resection or SBRT for stage I NSCLC from 2007 to 2014 at Duke Universit ...
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ConferenceMed Phys · June 2016
PURPOSE: To develop a data-mining methodology based on quantum clustering and machine learning to predict expected dosimetric endpoints for lung SBRT applications based on patient-specific anatomic features. METHODS: Ninety-three patients who received lung ...
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ConferenceMed Phys · June 2016
PURPOSE: To develop a methodology based on digitally-reconstructed-fluoroscopy (DRF) to quantitatively assess target localization accuracy of lung SBRT, and to evaluate using both a dynamic digital phantom and a patient dataset. METHODS: For each treatment ...
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ConferenceMed Phys · June 2016
PURPOSE: To validate the use of a PRESAGE dosimeter as a method to quantitatively measure dose distributions of injectable brachytherapy based on elastin-like polypeptide (ELP) nanoparticles. PRESAGE is a solid, transparent polyurethane-based dosimeter who ...
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ConferenceMed Phys · June 2015
PURPOSE: To develop, validate, and evaluate a methodology for determining dosimetry for intratumoral injections of elastin-like-polypeptide (ELP) brachytherapy nanoparticles. These organic-polymer-based nanoparticles are injectable, biodegradable, and gene ...
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Journal ArticleJ Contemp Brachytherapy · October 2014
PURPOSE: Nomograms once had a vital role in prostate brachytherapy practice. Although some of their functions have been assumed by computerized dosimetry, many programs still find them useful to determine the number and strength of seeds to be ordered in a ...
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ConferenceMed Phys · June 2014
PURPOSE: To investigate the accuracy of 4D-MRI in determining the Internal Target Volume (ITV) used in radiation oncology treatment planning of liver cancers. Cine MRI is used as the standard baseline in establishing the feasibility and accuracy of 4D-MRI ...
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Journal ArticleRadiother Oncol · May 2011
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Identify the incidence of early pulmonary toxicity in a cohort of patients treated with lung stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) on consecutive treatment days. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 88 lesions in 84 patients were t ...
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