Scholars@Duke
construction release_alert
Profile editing will be unavailable for Scholars@Duke profiles from June 11-24, 2026 as manual profile data entry transitions to Elements. More information about the transition.
cancel
Paul T. Costa Jr.

Paul T. Costa Jr.

Adjunct Professor in the Department of Medicine
Medicine, Geriatrics and Palliative Care
costa.neo3@gmail.com
Box 3926 Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27710
4567 Clin Res II, Durham, NC 27710

Selected Publications

Stability and change in social network size over four decades: an age-period-cohort analysis.

Journal Article Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol · May 26, 2026 PURPOSE: Interest in social networks has increased in recent decades amid concerns around social isolation and loneliness, despite increased access to social connections via electronics. Prior studies identified predictors and outcomes linked to network si ... Full text Link to item Cite

Associations of personality traits with actigraphic sleep in middle-aged and older adults.

Journal Article Sci Rep · January 9, 2025 Although prior studies have examined associations of personality traits with sleep, most have investigated self-reported sleep, been cross-sectional, and focused on younger and middle-aged adults. We investigated associations of personality with actigraphi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of hormone therapy on personality traits: preliminary evidence in older men and women.

Journal Article Climacteric · December 2024 OBJECTIVE: Findings concerning the effects of hormone therapy (HT) on cognition and dementia are mixed, with some trials suggesting increased harm at older ages. Personality, like cognition, changes with dementia, but no clinical trials to date have examin ... Full text Link to item Cite

Predicting physical activity by the personality styles of the five-factor model.

Journal Article Health Psychol · October 2024 OBJECTIVE: Low neuroticism, high extraversion, and high conscientiousness are related to physical activity (PA). We tested whether the small size and heterogeneity of these relationships result because personality traits influence one another as well as be ... Full text Link to item Cite

Demographic, Clinical, and Psychosocial Predictors of Exercise Adherence: The STRRIDE Trials.

Journal Article Transl J Am Coll Sports Med · 2023 PURPOSE: To identify baseline demographic, clinical, and psychosocial predictors of exercise intervention adherence in the Studies of a Targeted Risk Reduction Intervention through Defined Exercise (STRRIDE) trials. METHODS: A total of 947 adults with dysl ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Race and sex differences in dropout from the STRRIDE trials.

Journal Article Front Sports Act Living · 2023 PURPOSE: To determine if race and sex differences exist in determinants and timing of dropout among individuals enrolled in an exercise and/or caloric restriction intervention. METHODS: A total of 947 adults with dyslipidemia (STRRIDE I, STRRIDE AT/RT) or ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Determinants of Dropout from and Variation in Adherence to an Exercise Intervention: The STRRIDE Randomized Trials.

Journal Article Transl J Am Coll Sports Med · 2022 PURPOSE: This study aimed to characterize the timing and self-reported determinants of exercise dropout among sedentary adults with overweight or obesity. We also sought to explore variations in adherence among individuals who completed a 6- to 8-month str ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Personality and insomnia symptoms in older adults: the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging.

Journal Article Sleep · September 13, 2021 STUDY OBJECTIVE: To examine associations of personality dimensions and facets with insomnia symptoms in a community sample of older adults. METHODS: We studied 1049 participants aged 60-97 years in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. Personality was ... Full text Link to item Cite

Traits and treadmills: Association between personality and perceived fatigability in well-functioning community-dwelling older adults.

Journal Article Psychol Aging · September 2021 Physical fatigability, or susceptibility to physical fatigue, is strongly associated with aging, disease, and disability. Over the lifecourse, personality traits are also connected to numerous age-related vulnerabilities and resistance-yet, their longitudi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Understanding persons: From Stern's personalistics to Five-Factor Theory

Journal Article Personality and Individual Differences · February 1, 2021 William Stern, a founder of differential psychology, was also an early exponent of person-centered approaches to personality. Lamiell (2009) and Block (1961) argued that interactive or ipsative approaches to assessment are more suitable for person-centered ... Full text Cite

Associations of self-reported eating disorder behaviors and personality in a college-educated sample.

Journal Article Appetite · August 1, 2020 OBJECTIVE: In order to better understand factors motivating eating disorder (ED) behaviors and better identify persons at-risk for these behaviors, we sought to identify which personality domains and facets were associated with behaviors for weight control ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Intergenerational effects of childhood maltreatment and malnutrition on personality maladaptivity in a Barbadian longitudinal cohort.

Journal Article Psychiatry Res · August 2020 Childhood adversities are linked with mental health problems throughout the life course, including personality pathology. Less is known about consequences in the next generation, particularly in non-Western populations. In the Barbados Nutrition Study, we ... Full text Link to item Cite

The MMPI factor scales and risk of death in men during 45 years of follow-up: The Western Electric study.

Journal Article Psychol Aging · February 2020 We examined associations between personality traits measured in 1958 and both all-cause and cause-specific mortality assessed 45 years later in 2003. Participants were 1,862 middle-aged men employed by the Western Electric Company. Outcomes were days to de ... Full text Link to item Cite

Personality Across the Life Span.

Journal Article Annu Rev Psychol · January 4, 2019 Trait stability and maturation are fundamental principles of contemporary personality psychology and have been shown to hold across many cultures. However, it has proven difficult to move beyond these general findings to a detailed account of trait develop ... Full text Link to item Cite

Childhood malnutrition and maltreatment are linked with personality disorder symptoms in adulthood: Results from a Barbados lifespan cohort.

Journal Article Psychiatry Res · November 2018 Both childhood malnutrition and maltreatment are associated with mental health problems that can persist into adulthood. Previously we reported that in Barbados, those with a history of infant malnutrition were more likely to report having experienced chil ... Full text Link to item Cite

Teenagers as temporary psychopaths? Stability in normal adolescent personality suggests otherwise

Journal Article Personality and Individual Differences · September 1, 2018 A persistent criticism of assessing psychopathy during adolescence is that it runs the risk of mistaking normal, transient teenage behavior for the enduring characteristics of a future psychopathic adult. If true, early assessments of psychopathy will prod ... Full text Cite

Personality Traits and Adaptive HIV Disease Management: Relationships with Engagement in Care and Condomless Anal Intercourse Among Highly Sexually Active Sexual Minority Men Living with HIV.

Journal Article LGBT Health · 2018 PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify systematic relationships between personality domains and engagement in HIV care and secondary HIV prevention among sexual minority men living with HIV. METHODS: This cross-sectional study examined the rela ... Full text Link to item Cite

Humanism in personology: Allport, maslow, and murray

Book · January 1, 2017 Through analysis of the lives and theories of the three major exponents of humanism, Allport, Maslow, and Murray, the authors have marshaled some compelling arguments for an alternative to the extreme behaviorism of Skinner and the logical positivism of Fr ... Full text Cite

Meta-analysis of Genome-Wide Association Studies for Extraversion: Findings from the Genetics of Personality Consortium.

Journal Article Behav Genet · March 2016 Extraversion is a relatively stable and heritable personality trait associated with numerous psychosocial, lifestyle and health outcomes. Despite its substantial heritability, no genetic variants have been detected in previous genome-wide association (GWA) ... Full text Link to item Cite

Meta-analysis of Genome-wide Association Studies for Neuroticism, and the Polygenic Association With Major Depressive Disorder.

Journal Article JAMA Psychiatry · July 2015 IMPORTANCE: Neuroticism is a pervasive risk factor for psychiatric conditions. It genetically overlaps with major depressive disorder (MDD) and is therefore an important phenotype for psychiatric genetics. The Genetics of Personality Consortium has created ... Full text Link to item Cite

The emergence of sex differences in personality traits in early adolescence: A cross-sectional, cross-cultural study.

Journal Article J Pers Soc Psychol · January 2015 Although large international studies have found consistent patterns of sex differences in personality traits among adults (i.e., women scoring higher on most facets), less is known about cross-cultural sex differences in adolescent personality and the role ... Full text Link to item Cite

Personality Structure Among Centenarians: The Georgia Centenarian Study.

Journal Article Exp Aging Res · 2015 UNLABELLED: BACKGROUND/STUDY CONTEXT: We demonstrate that observer-rated factor structure of personality in centenarians is congruent with the normative structure. Prevalence of cognitive impairment, which has previously been linked to changes in personali ... Full text Link to item Cite

Personality and cognitive decline in the Baltimore Epidemiologic Catchment Area follow-up study.

Journal Article Am J Geriatr Psychiatry · September 2014 OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between personality domains and 11-year cognitive decline in a sample from a population-based study. METHOD: Data from Waves 3 (1993-1996) and 4 (2003-2004) of the Baltimore cohort of the Epidemiologic Catchment Area ... Full text Link to item Cite

DRD2 SNP RS4586205, CHD METABOLIC RISK FACTORS IN NORMALS AND CLINICAL COURSE IN CHD PATIENTS

Conference INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE · August 1, 2014 Link to item Cite

Harmonization of Neuroticism and Extraversion phenotypes across inventories and cohorts in the Genetics of Personality Consortium: an application of Item Response Theory.

Journal Article Behav Genet · July 2014 Mega- or meta-analytic studies (e.g. genome-wide association studies) are increasingly used in behavior genetics. An issue in such studies is that phenotypes are often measured by different instruments across study cohorts, requiring harmonization of measu ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Personality facets and all-cause mortality among Medicare patients aged 66 to 102 years: a follow-on study of Weiss and Costa (2005).

Journal Article Psychosom Med · June 2014 OBJECTIVE: To investigate associations between personality facets and survival during an 8-year follow-up. METHODS: In 597 Medicare recipients (age, 66-102 years) followed up for approximately 8 years, personality domains and facets were assessed using the ... Full text Link to item Cite

The NEO inventories

Chapter · April 3, 2014 Full text Cite

Gender Stereotypes of Personality: Universal and Accurate?

Journal Article Journal of Cross Cultural Psychology · January 1, 2014 Numerous studies have documented subtle but consistent sex differences in self-reports and observer-ratings of five-factor personality traits, and such effects were found to show well-defined developmental trajectories and remarkable similarity across nati ... Full text Cite

A putatively functional polymorphism in the HTR2C gene is associated with depressive symptoms in white females reporting significant life stress.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2014 Psychosocial stress is well known to be positively associated with subsequent depressive symptoms. Cortisol response to stress may be one of a number of biological mechanisms that links psychological stress to depressive symptoms, although the precise caus ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Cross-cultural perspectives on adult personality trait development

Chapter · January 1, 2014 Most research on personality and aging has been conducted in the United States, where longitudinal studies can be traced back to the pioneering work of Strong (1951) and Kelly (1955). Major advances occurred in the late 1970s when a series of longitudinal ... Full text Cite

Standardization of the NEO-PI-3 in the Greek general population.

Journal Article Ann Gen Psychiatry · 2014 BACKGROUND: The revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-3) includes 240 items corresponding to the Big Five personality traits (Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism, and Openness to Experience) and subordinate dimensions (facets). ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Contribution of Personality Research to an Understanding of Stress and Aging

Chapter · January 1, 2014 In recent years, a number of investigators with interests in history, society, the family, and aging have begun to define a field of research on aging and the family (Glick, 1977; Hareven, 1978; Neugarten, 1968; Shanas, 1979, 1980; Sussman, 1976). In parti ... Full text Cite

D-cycloserine augmentation of cognitive behavioral group therapy of social anxiety disorder: prognostic and prescriptive variables.

Journal Article J Consult Clin Psychol · December 2013 OBJECTIVE: The aim of the current study was to identify individual characteristics that (a) predict symptom improvement with group cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for social anxiety disorder (SAD; i.e., prognostic variables) or (b) moderate the effects ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Inaccuracy of National Character Stereotypes.

Journal Article J Res Pers · December 1, 2013 Consensual stereotypes of some groups are relatively accurate, whereas others are not. Previous work suggesting that national character stereotypes are inaccurate has been criticized on several grounds. In this article we (a) provide arguments for the vali ... Full text Link to item Cite

Care recipient agreeableness is associated with caregiver subjective physical health status.

Journal Article J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci · November 2013 OBJECTIVES: The emotional and physical health consequences of caring for a family member are well documented. However, although personality has been shown to affect dyadic interactions and been linked with individual outcomes for both care recipients (CRs) ... Full text Link to item Cite

The five factors of personality and regional cortical variability in the Baltimore longitudinal study of aging.

Journal Article Hum Brain Mapp · November 2013 Although personality changes have been associated with brain lesions and atrophy caused by neurodegenerative diseases and aging, neuroanatomical correlates of personality in healthy individuals and their stability over time have received relatively little ... Full text Link to item Cite

Personality assessment in a diverse urban sample.

Journal Article Psychol Assess · September 2013 In the present research, the authors examined the data quality and replicability of the revised NEO personality inventory (NEO-PI-R) factor structure in a sample that varied in ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and literacy. Participants (N = 546), drawn fr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Refining genome-wide linkage intervals using a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies loci influencing personality dimensions.

Journal Article Eur J Hum Genet · August 2013 Personality traits are complex phenotypes related to psychosomatic health. Individually, various gene finding methods have not achieved much success in finding genetic variants associated with personality traits. We performed a meta-analysis of four genome ... Full text Link to item Cite

Malnutrition in the first year of life and personality at age 40.

Journal Article J Child Psychol Psychiatry · August 2013 BACKGROUND: Early childhood malnutrition is associated with cognitive and behavioral impairment during childhood and adolescence, but studies in adulthood are limited. METHODS: Using the NEO-PI-R personality inventory, we compared personality profiles at 3 ... Full text Link to item Cite

I know not to, but i can't help it: weight gain and changes in impulsivity-related personality traits.

Journal Article Psychol Sci · July 1, 2013 Reciprocal relations between weight and psychological factors suggest that there are deep connections between mind and body. Personality traits are linked to weight gain; weight gain may likewise be associated with personality change. Using data from two d ... Full text Link to item Cite

Basic traits predict the prevalence of personality disorder across the life span: the example of psychopathy.

Journal Article Psychol Sci · May 2013 Personality disorders (PDs) may be better understood in terms of dimensions of general personality functioning rather than as discrete categorical conditions. Personality-trait descriptions of PDs are robust across methods and settings, and PD assessments ... Full text Link to item Cite

Erratum

Journal Article Journal of Personality · April 2013 Full text Cite

MATERNAL DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS IN CHILDHOOD AND OPENNESS TO EXPERIENCE IN ADULTHOOD.

Journal Article Imagin Cogn Pers · 2013 We examined the role of maternal depressive symptoms reported during childhood as a predictor of an important personality trait, Openness to Experience (O), in middle adulthood. Participants were 95 adults (38 previously malnourished, 57 control, mean age ... Full text Link to item Cite

Stability and change in personality assessment: The revised NEO personality inventory in the year 2000

Chapter · January 1, 2013 The Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI- R) consists of 30 facet scales that define the broad domains of the Five-Factor Model of personality. No major revisions of the basic model are anticipated in the near future. Despite their popularity, social ... Full text Cite

Personality and personality disorders

Chapter · January 1, 2013 The mental disorders that most clearly relate to personality are the personality disorders. The purpose of this article is to review the support for the hypothesis that the personality disorders of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ... Cite

The five-factor model of personality and its relevance to personality disorders

Chapter · January 1, 2013 The five-factor model Is a dimensional representation of personality structure that has recently gained widespread acceptance among personality psychologists. This article describes the five factors (Neuroticism. Extraversion. Openness. Agreeableness. and ... Cite

Stereotypes of age differences in personality traits: universal and accurate?

Journal Article J Pers Soc Psychol · December 2012 Age trajectories for personality traits are known to be similar across cultures. To address whether stereotypes of age groups reflect these age-related changes in personality, we asked participants in 26 countries (N = 3,323) to rate typical adolescents, a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Integrating normal and abnormal personality structure: the Five-Factor Model.

Journal Article J Pers · December 2012 It is evident that the conceptualization, diagnosis, and classification of personality disorder (PD) is shifting toward a dimensional model. The purpose of this special issue of Journal of Personality is to indicate how the Five-Factor Model (FFM) can prov ... Full text Link to item Cite

Personality and reduced incidence of walking limitation in late life: findings from the Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study.

Journal Article J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci · November 2012 OBJECTIVES: To examine the association between openness to experience and conscientiousness and incident reported walking limitation. METHOD: The study population consisted of 786 men and women aged 71-81 years (M = 75 years, SD = 2.7) participating in the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Associations of openness and conscientiousness with walking speed decline: findings from the Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study.

Journal Article J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci · November 2012 OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to explore the associations between openness to experience and conscientiousness, two dimensions of the five-factor model of personality, and usual gait speed and gait speed decline. METHOD: Baseline analyses wer ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Five-Factor Model and the NEO Inventories

Chapter · September 18, 2012 Personality traits provide distal explanations for behavior and are compatible with personality development, useful in clinical applications, and intrinsically interesting. They must, however, be understood in the context of a broader system of personality ... Full text Cite

Associations between personality traits, physical activity level, and muscle strength.

Journal Article J Res Pers · June 2012 Associations among personality as measured by the Five Factor Model, physical activity, and muscle strength were assessed using data from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (N = 1220, age: mean = 58, SD = 16). General linear modeling with adjustment ... Full text Link to item Cite

Five-factor personality traits and age trajectories of self-rated health: the role of question framing.

Journal Article J Pers · April 2012 We examined the influence of personality traits on mean levels and age trends in 4 single-item measures of self-rated health: general rating, comparison to age peers, comparison to past health, and expectations for future health. Community-dwelling partici ... Full text Link to item Cite

Relationship between personality disorder dimensions and verbal memory functioning in a community population.

Journal Article Psychiatry Res · March 30, 2012 Based on the Baltimore Epidemiologic Catchment Area (ECA) follow-up survey, we examined relationships between dimensions of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) personality disorders and both subjective and objective memory functi ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Five-Factor Model, Five-Factor Theory, and Interpersonal Psychology

Chapter · March 16, 2012 The five-factor model (FFM) is a taxonomy of traits; five-factor theory (FFT) is a theory of personality based on research with the FFM. Both are useful in understanding interpersonal psychology. Traits traditionally considered interpersonal fall in the pl ... Full text Cite

Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies for personality.

Journal Article Mol Psychiatry · March 2012 Personality can be thought of as a set of characteristics that influence people's thoughts, feelings and behavior across a variety of settings. Variation in personality is predictive of many outcomes in life, including mental health. Here we report on a me ... Full text Link to item Cite

Concordance between personality disorder assessment methods.

Journal Article Psychol Med · March 2012 BACKGROUND: Studies have criticized the low level of agreement between the various methods of personality disorder (PD) assessment. This is an important issue for research and clinical purposes. METHOD: Seven hundred and forty-two participants in the Hopki ... Full text Link to item Cite

Personality and Cognitive Decline in the Baltimore Epidemiologic Catchment Area Study

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY · March 2012 Link to item Cite

Major contributions to the psychology of personality

Chapter · January 1, 2012 As this volume clearly shows, Hans Eysenck is, in the fullest sense of the term, a general psychologist. In the United States, however, he is most widely known as a personality psychologist, the creator (with his wife Sybil) of the MPI, EPI and EPQ. The ta ... Full text Cite

The genetic association between personality and major depression or bipolar disorder. A polygenic score analysis using genome-wide association data.

Journal Article Transl Psychiatry · October 18, 2011 The relationship between major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) remains controversial. Previous research has reported differences and similarities in risk factors for MDD and BD, such as predisposing personality traits. For example, high ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies common variants in CTNNA2 associated with excitement-seeking.

Journal Article Transl Psychiatry · October 18, 2011 The tendency to seek stimulating activities and intense sensations define excitement-seeking, a personality trait akin to some aspects of sensation-seeking. This trait is a central feature of extraversion and is a component of the multifaceted impulsivity ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Five-factor personality traits and subjective health among caregivers: the role of caregiver strain and self-efficacy.

Journal Article Psychol Aging · September 2011 This study examined the association among caregivers' five-factor personality traits and subjective health with particular emphasis on the role of two theoretically implicated mediators: multi-domain self-efficacy and caregiver strain. The sample comprised ... Full text Link to item Cite

A randomized clinical trial of theory-based activities for the behavioral symptoms of dementia in nursing home residents.

Journal Article J Am Geriatr Soc · June 2011 OBJECTIVES: To test the main and interactive effects of activities derived from the Need-Driven Dementia-Compromised Behavior model for responding to behavioral symptoms in nursing home residents. DESIGN: Randomized double-blind clinical trial. SETTING: Ni ... Full text Link to item Cite

The NEO inventories

Chapter · January 1, 2011 Full text Cite

Monoamine oxidase A regulates antisocial personality in whites with no history of physical abuse.

Journal Article Compr Psychiatry · 2011 OBJECTIVE: Preclinical and human family studies clearly link monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) to aggression and antisocial personality (ASP). The 30-base pair variable number tandem repeat in the MAOA promoter regulates MAOA levels, but its effects on ASP in hum ... Full text Link to item Cite

Personality and metabolic syndrome.

Journal Article Age (Dordr) · December 2010 The prevalence of metabolic syndrome has paralleled the sharp increase in obesity. Given its tremendous physical, emotional, and financial burden, it is of critical importance to identify who is most at risk and the potential points of intervention. Psycho ... Full text Link to item Cite

An alternative to the search for single polymorphisms: toward molecular personality scales for the five-factor model.

Journal Article J Pers Soc Psychol · December 2010 There is growing evidence that personality traits are affected by many genes, all of which have very small effects. As an alternative to the largely unsuccessful search for individual polymorphisms associated with personality traits, the authors identified ... Full text Link to item Cite

The neural correlates of Neuroticism differ by sex prospectively mediate depressive symptoms among older women.

Journal Article J Affect Disord · December 2010 BACKGROUND: Mood disorders in old age increase the risk of morbidity and mortality for individuals and healthcare costs for society. Trait Neuroticism, a strong risk factor for such disorders into old age, shares common genetic variance with depression, bu ... Full text Link to item Cite

Genome-wide association scan of trait depression.

Journal Article Biol Psychiatry · November 1, 2010 BACKGROUND: Independent of temporal circumstances, some individuals have greater susceptibility to depressive affects, such as feelings of guilt, sadness, hopelessness, and loneliness. Identifying the genetic variants that contribute to these individual di ... Full text Link to item Cite

Perceptions of stressful life events as turning points are associated with self-rated health and psychological distress.

Journal Article Anxiety Stress Coping · October 2010 We test the hypothesis that changes in physical and psychological health are associated with construals of stressful life events. At two points in time, approximately 10 years apart, participants (n=1038) rated their physical health and psychological distr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Trait antagonism and the progression of arterial thickening: women with antagonistic traits have similar carotid arterial thickness as men.

Journal Article Hypertension · October 2010 A large body of evidence links antagonism-related traits with cardiovascular outcomes, but less is known about how psychological traits are associated with intermediate markers of cardiovascular disease. Using a large, community-based sample from Sardinia, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Turning points and lessons learned: stressful life events and personality trait development across middle adulthood.

Journal Article Psychol Aging · September 2010 The present research examined stressful life events and personality development across middle adulthood. Participants (N = 533) related the most stressful event they had experienced within the last 10 years, indicated whether they considered the event to b ... Full text Link to item Cite

High neuroticism and low conscientiousness are associated with interleukin-6.

Journal Article Psychol Med · September 2010 BACKGROUND: High Neuroticism and low Conscientiousness are frequently implicated in health-risk behaviors, such as smoking and overeating, as well as health outcomes, including mortality. Their associations with physiological markers of morbidity and morta ... Full text Link to item Cite

WHEN I'M 64: FINDINGS FROM THE UNC ALUMNI HEART STUDY

Conference INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE · August 1, 2010 Link to item Cite

WHEN I'M 64: FINDINGS FROM THE UNC ALUMNI HEART STUDY

Journal Article INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE · August 1, 2010 Link to item Cite

Plasma BDNF concentration, Val66Met genetic variant and depression-related personality traits.

Journal Article Genes Brain Behav · July 2010 Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) regulates synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis, and BDNF plasma and serum levels have been associated with depression, Alzheimer's disease, and other psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. In a relatively larg ... Full text Link to item Cite

Teeth Grinding: Is Emotional Stability related to Bruxism?

Journal Article J Res Pers · June 2010 This study examines the association between personality traits and bruxism, the repetitive grinding or clenching of teeth. Community-dwelling participants (N = 470) had a comprehensive oral examination by a dentist and completed a dental history and person ... Full text Link to item Cite

The validity and structure of culture-level personality scores: data from ratings of young adolescents.

Journal Article J Pers · June 2010 We examined properties of culture-level personality traits in ratings of targets (N=5,109) ages 12 to 17 in 24 cultures. Aggregate scores were generalizable across gender, age, and relationship groups and showed convergence with culture-level scores from p ... Full text Link to item Cite

Genome-wide association scan for five major dimensions of personality.

Journal Article Mol Psychiatry · June 2010 Personality traits are summarized by five broad dimensions with pervasive influences on major life outcomes, strong links to psychiatric disorders and clear heritable components. To identify genetic variants associated with each of the five dimensions of p ... Full text Link to item Cite

Individual differences in vigilance: Personality, ability and states of stress

Journal Article Journal of Research in Personality · June 1, 2010 Vigilance is notoriously hard to predict from personality measures. This study adopted a new multivariate approach based on attentional resource theory. Measures were taken of the Five Factor Model (FFM), more narrowly-defined 'cognitive-energetic' traits, ... Full text Cite

Cholesterol, triglycerides, and the Five-Factor Model of personality.

Journal Article Biol Psychol · May 2010 Unhealthy lipid levels are among the leading controllable risk factors for coronary heart disease. To identify the psychological factors associated with dyslipidemia, this study investigates the personality correlates of cholesterol (total, LDL, and HDL) a ... Full text Link to item Cite

BDNF Val66Met is associated with introversion and interacts with 5-HTTLPR to influence neuroticism.

Journal Article Neuropsychopharmacology · April 2010 Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) regulates synaptic plasticity and neurotransmission, and has been linked to neuroticism, a major risk factor for psychiatric disorders. A recent genome-wide association (GWA) scan, however, found the BDNF Val66Met p ... Full text Link to item Cite

Bridging the gap with the five-factor model.

Journal Article Personal Disord · April 2010 Comments on the original article Personality traits and the classification of mental Disorders: Toward a more complete integration in DSM-5 and an empirical model of psychopathology by Robert F. Krueger and Nicholas R. Eaton (see record 2010-13810-003). So ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sex-specific correlates of walking speed in a wide age-ranged population.

Journal Article J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci · March 2010 The goals of this cross-sectional study were to explore correlates of walking speed in a large wide age-ranged population and to identify factors affecting lower walking speed at older ages. Participants were 3,872 community-dwelling adults in the first fo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Intra-individual Change in Personality Stability and Age.

Journal Article J Res Pers · February 1, 2010 The stability of individual differences in personality traits is typically examined at the group level with test-retest correlations across two assessments. For 684 subjects (age range 17-76) we computed individual coefficients from three sequential assess ... Full text Link to item Cite

Reciprocal influences of personality and job characteristics across middle adulthood.

Journal Article J Pers · February 2010 The present research uses an economically diverse, middle-aged sample to examine the concurrent and longitudinal interplay between personality and occupational experiences. Using the Five-Factor Model of personality and the Demand-Control Model of the occu ... Full text Link to item Cite

The stability of DSM personality disorders over twelve to eighteen years.

Journal Article J Psychiatr Res · January 2010 BACKGROUND: Stability of personality disorders is assumed in most nomenclatures; however, the evidence for this is limited and inconsistent. The aim of this study is to investigate the stability of DSM-III personality disorders in a community sample of eas ... Full text Link to item Cite

Variants of the serotonin transporter gene and NEO-PI-R Neuroticism: No association in the BLSA and SardiNIA samples.

Journal Article Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet · December 5, 2009 The polymorphism in the serotonin transporter gene promoter region (5-HTTLPR) is by far the most studied variant hypothesized to influence Neuroticism-related personality traits. The results of previous studies have been mixed and appear moderated by the p ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sex differences in resting-state neural correlates of openness to experience among older adults.

Journal Article Cereb Cortex · December 2009 We investigated sex differences in the resting-state neural correlates of Openness to Experience, a universal personality trait defined by cognitive flexibility, attention to feelings, creativity, and preference for novelty. Using resting-state positron-em ... Full text Link to item Cite

Perceptions of aging across 26 cultures and their culture-level associates.

Journal Article Psychol Aging · December 2009 College students (N=3,435) in 26 cultures reported their perceptions of age-related changes in physical, cognitive, and socioemotional areas of functioning and rated societal views of aging within their culture. There was widespread cross-cultural consensu ... Full text Link to item Cite

Interpersonal Circumplex Octant, Control, and Affiliation Scales for the NEO-PI-R.

Journal Article Pers Individ Dif · October 2009 The Five Factor Model (FFM) traits of agreeableness and extraversion are rotational equivalents of the interpersonal circumplex (IPC) dimensions of affiliation and control. Given that the NEO-PI-R is a widely used measure of the FFM, availability of IPC di ... Full text Link to item Cite

Five-factor model personality traits, spirituality/religiousness, and mental health among people living with HIV.

Journal Article J Pers · October 2009 We examined the association between five-factor personality domains and facets and spirituality/religiousness as well as their joint association with mental health in a diverse sample of people living with HIV (n=112, age range 18-66). Spirituality/religio ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assessing the universal structure of personality in early adolescence: The NEO-PI-R and NEO-PI-3 in 24 cultures.

Journal Article Assessment · September 2009 The structure and psychometric characteristics of the NEO Personality Inventory-3 (NEO-PI-3), a more readable version of the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R), are examined and compared with NEO-PI-R characteristics using data from college stude ... Full text Link to item Cite

Five-factor model personality traits and the retirement transition: longitudinal and cross-sectional associations.

Journal Article Psychol Aging · September 2009 The authors examined associations between 5-factor personality traits and retirement in a diverse community sample. Longitudinal analyses (n = 367) compared personality trajectories of participants who remained employed and participants who retired. Person ... Full text Link to item Cite

The personality domains and styles of the five-factor model are related to incident depression in Medicare recipients aged 65 to 100.

Journal Article Am J Geriatr Psychiatry · July 2009 OBJECTIVES: Few prospective studies have examined personality and depression in older adults. The authors investigated whether the Five-Factor Model of personality traits-Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness to Experience, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousne ... Full text Link to item Cite

Facets of personality linked to underweight and overweight.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · July 2009 OBJECTIVE: Personality traits underlie maladaptive behaviors, and cognitive and emotional disturbances that contribute to major preventable causes of global disease burden. This study examines detailed personality profiles of underweight, normal, and overw ... Full text Link to item Cite

A polymorphism of the MAOA gene is associated with emotional brain markers and personality traits on an antisocial index.

Journal Article Neuropsychopharmacology · June 2009 Association studies suggest that the low activity variant of the monoamine oxidase A (MAOA)-uVNTR polymorphism confers risk for emotional disturbances associated with antisocial traits, particularly in males. Here, we assessed the low (MAOA-L) activity var ... Full text Link to item Cite

Personality traits of centenarians' offspring.

Journal Article J Am Geriatr Soc · April 2009 OBJECTIVES: To determine whether the offspring of centenarians have personality characteristics that are distinct from the general population. DESIGN: Case-control. SETTING: Nationwide U.S. sample. PARTICIPANTS: Unrelated offspring of centenarians (n=246, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Nineteen-month stability of Revised NEO Personality Inventory domain and facet scores in patients with personality disorders.

Journal Article J Nerv Ment Dis · March 2009 We lack knowledge of the temporal stability of major personality dimensions in patients with personality disorders (PDs). The Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) is a self-report instrument that operationalizes the Five-Factor Model of personality ... Full text Link to item Cite

Personality and Career Success: Concurrent and Longitudinal Relations.

Journal Article Eur J Pers · March 1, 2009 The present research addresses the dynamic transaction between extrinsic (occupational prestige, income) and intrinsic (job satisfaction) career success and the Five-Factor Model of personality. Participants (N = 731) completed a comprehensive measure of p ... Full text Link to item Cite

Self-reported extremely adverse life events and longitudinal changes in five-factor model personality traits in an urban sample.

Journal Article J Trauma Stress · February 2009 This study examined longitudinal personality change in response to extremely adverse life events in a sample (N = 458) drawn from the East Baltimore Epidemiologic Catchment Area study. Five-factor model personality traits were assessed twice over an averag ... Full text Link to item Cite

Personality trait similarity between spouses in four cultures.

Journal Article J Pers · October 2008 We examined patterns of trait similarity (assortative mating) in married couples in four cultures, using both self-reports and spouse ratings on versions of the Revised NEO Personality Inventory. There was evidence of a subtle but pervasive perceived contr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Personality traits and subjective health in the later years: The association between NEO-PI-R and SF-36 in advanced age is influenced by health status

Journal Article Journal of Research in Personality · October 1, 2008 This study examined the association between personality traits (as measured by the NEO-PI-R) and subjective ratings of mental and physical health (as measured by the SF-36) in two samples of older adults differing in health status (Baltimore Longitudinal S ... Full text Cite

Personality traits: Stability and change with age

Journal Article Geriatrics and Aging · September 1, 2008 Individual differences in personality traits are generally stable during adulthood; where there are changes, they are generally in the direction of greater maturity. The trends are similar for men and women and across cultures. With advancing age, people g ... Cite

Personality predictors of longevity: activity, emotional stability, and conscientiousness.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · July 2008 OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between personality traits and longevity. METHODS: Using the Guilford-Zimmerman Temperament Survey, personality traits were assessed in 2359 participants (38% women; age = 17 to 98 years, mean = 50 years) from the Balt ... Full text Link to item Cite

Personality and differential treatment response in major depression: a randomized controlled trial comparing cognitive-behavioural therapy and pharmacotherapy.

Journal Article Can J Psychiatry · June 2008 OBJECTIVE: Effective treatments for major depressive disorder exist, yet some patients fail to respond, or achieve only partial response. One approach to optimizing treatment success is to identify which patients are more likely to respond best to which tr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Five-Factor Model personality profiles of drug users.

Journal Article BMC Psychiatry · April 11, 2008 BACKGROUND: Personality traits are considered risk factors for drug use, and, in turn, the psychoactive substances impact individuals' traits. Furthermore, there is increasing interest in developing treatment approaches that match an individual's personali ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Predicting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders‐IV personality disorders with the five‐factor model of personality and the personality psychopathology five

Journal Article Personality and Mental Health · April 2008 AbstractThe five‐factor model of personality (FFM), derived from personality trait psychology, is increasingly used to describe personality disorders (PDs). Critics have argued, however, that the personality traits of the F ... Full text Cite

Incipient adult personality: The NEO-PI-3 in middle-school-aged children

Journal Article British Journal of Developmental Psychology · March 1, 2008 This study administered the NEO Personality Inventory-3 (NEO-PI-3), a more readable version of an adult measure of the Five-Factor Model, to 449 boys and girls aged 12 and 13, who described themselves or a peer. Analyses of readability, reliability, factor ... Full text Cite

Age differences in descriptions of emotional experiences in oneself and others.

Journal Article J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci · March 2008 We analyzed language use to examine age differences in people's representations of their own emotions as compared with those of others. Participants (N = 365, aged 18-85 years, M = 42.8, SD = 19.2) read hypothetical emotion-eliciting scenarios and describe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Personality and HIV disease progression: role of NEO-PI-R openness, extraversion, and profiles of engagement.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · February 2008 OBJECTIVE: To examine the role of the big five personality domains (Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness) and their respective facets and profiles on change in CD4 and log HIV-RNA copies/ml (VL) over 4 years. The examinatio ... Full text Link to item Cite

The relationship between the five-factor model and latent Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition personality disorder dimensions.

Journal Article Compr Psychiatry · 2008 This study compared the latent structure of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition personality disorders (PDs) with the 5-factor model (FFM) of general personality dimensions. The subjects in the study were 742 community- ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ethnicity, Education, and the Temporal Stability of Personality Traits In the East Baltimore Epidemiologic Catchment Area Study.

Journal Article J Res Pers · 2008 We examined the influence of age, gender, Black vs. White ethnicity, and education on five indices of personality stability and change across an average interval of 8 years in the East Baltimore Epidemiologic Catchment Area study. In the full sample (n = 5 ... Full text Link to item Cite

The relationship between the five-factor model and latent Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition personality disorder dimensions

Journal Article Psiquiatria Biologica · January 1, 2008 This study compared the latent structure of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition personality disorders (PDs) with the 5-factor model (FFM) of general personality dimensions. The subjects in the study were 742 community- ... Full text Cite

Personality as a predictor of dietary quality in spouses during midlife.

Journal Article Behav Med · 2008 The authors evaluated the NEO Personality Inventory-Revised (NEO-PI-R) as a predictor of dietary quality in 850 married couples, focusing on associations among each participant's personality as a predictor of their own dietary quality and their spouses' di ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evaluation of the SCID-II personality disorder traits for DSM-IV: coherence, discrimination, relations with general personality traits, and functional impairment.

Journal Article J Pers Disord · December 2007 The utility of the DSM personality disorder (PD) system remains a concern. The strategy employed represents one approach designed to evaluate and improve the diagnostic efficiency of the SCID-II PDs. Using a sample of 203 patients, SCID-II PD items-based o ... Full text Link to item Cite

Genetic influences on personality in old age

Conference BEHAVIOR GENETICS · November 2007 Link to item Cite

Replicating the NEO-PI-R factor structure in African-American older adults

Journal Article Personality and Individual Differences · October 1, 2007 Personality structure of African-American older adults using the Baltimore Study of Black Aging (BSBA; N = 234; Age range 49-88, M = 67; 72% women; Education M = 11 years) was compared with the census-matched normative NEO-PI-R factor structure. Principal ... Full text Cite

Pathological gambling and the five-factor model of personality

Journal Article Personality and Individual Differences · September 1, 2007 The goal of this investigation was to examine the personality differences between non-treatment seeking pathological gamblers (PGs) and non-pathological gamblers (NPGs) using the domain and facet traits of the five-factor model of personality (FFM), as mea ... Full text Cite

Brief versions of the NEO-PI-3

Journal Article Journal of Individual Differences · September 1, 2007 Self-report (Form S) and observer rating (Form R) versions of two short forms of the NEO Personality Inventory-3 (NEO-PI-3) were evaluated. The NEO Five-Factor Inventory-3 is a 60-item instrument that assesses the five factors. The NEO-PI-3 First Half cons ... Full text Cite

Conscientiousness predicts disease progression (CD4 number and viral load) in people living with HIV.

Journal Article Health Psychol · July 2007 OBJECTIVE: Psychosocial factors (e.g., depression, avoidant coping, life stress) have been related to disease progression in HIV. This study examined the relationship between the Big Five Conscientiousness factor and HIV disease progression (CD4 cell and v ... Full text Link to item Cite

Age differences in recognition of emotion in lexical stimuli and facial expressions.

Journal Article Psychol Aging · March 2007 Age differences in emotion recognition from lexical stimuli and facial expressions were examined in a cross-sectional sample of adults aged 18 to 85 (N = 357). Emotion-specific response biases differed by age: Older adults were disproportionately more like ... Full text Link to item Cite

Personality traits in Sardinia: testing founder population effects on trait means and variances.

Journal Article Behav Genet · March 2007 Potential founder population effects on personality trait means and variances were examined in a large, genetically homogeneous sample (N=5,669) from the Ogliastra, an isolated region within Sardinia, Italy. The Italian version of the Revised NEO Personali ... Full text Link to item Cite

Personality correlates of HIV stigmatization in Russia and the United States

Journal Article Journal of Research in Personality · February 1, 2007 To determine whether stigmatizing attitudes towards HIV/AIDS are associated with personality traits, and whether these associations are generalizable across two cultures, we administered the English and the brief Russian version of the Revised NEO Personal ... Full text Cite

A five-factor theory perspective on traits and culture

Journal Article Psychologie Francaise · September 1, 2006 The five-factor model (FFM) is a hierarchical classification of personality traits with claims to both comprehensiveness and universality. Hundreds of studies of the FFM have revealed how traits operate, and five-factor theory (FFT) was devised to integrat ... Full text Cite

Heritability of cardiovascular and personality traits in 6,148 Sardinians.

Journal Article PLoS Genet · August 25, 2006 In family studies, phenotypic similarities between relatives yield information on the overall contribution of genes to trait variation. Large samples are important for these family studies, especially when comparing heritability between subgroups such as y ... Full text Link to item Cite

Personality plasticity after age 30.

Journal Article Pers Soc Psychol Bull · August 2006 Rank-order consistency of personality traits increases from childhood to age 30. After that, different summaries of the literature predict a plateau at age 30, or at age 50, or a curvilinear peak in consistency at age 50. These predictions were evaluated a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Emotional intelligence, personality, and task-induced stress.

Journal Article J Exp Psychol Appl · June 2006 Emotional intelligence (EI) may predict stress responses and coping strategies in a variety of applied settings. This study compares EI and the personality factors of the Five Factor Model (FFM) as predictors of task-induced stress responses. Participants ... Full text Link to item Cite

NEO personality domains and gender predict levels and trends in body mass index over 14 years during midlife

Journal Article Journal of Research in Personality · June 1, 2006 Mixed models were used to examine NEO-PI scores as predictors of body mass index (BMI) over a 14 year period during midlife. Average BMI levels during midlife were positively related to Neuroticism and negatively related to Openness, Agreeableness, and Con ... Full text Cite

Longitudinal trajectories in Guilford-Zimmerman temperament survey data: results from the Baltimore longitudinal study of aging.

Journal Article J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci · March 2006 We examined developmental trends in personality traits over a 42-year time period by using data from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study on Aging (N = 2,359; individuals aged 17-98), collected from 1958 to 2002. Hierarchical linear modeling analyses revealed ... Full text Link to item Cite

From types to typological thinking: A reply to asendorpf

Journal Article European Journal of Personality · January 1, 2006 We continue to disagree with Asendorpf (2006) on the best way to analyse Q-sort data and on our priorities for personality research. We believe on statistical grounds that the large first factor found in inverse factor analyses of raw CAQ items tells us mu ... Full text Cite

Age changes in personality and their origins: comment on Roberts, Walton, and Viechtbauer (2006).

Journal Article Psychol Bull · January 2006 Comments on the original article "Patterns of Mean-Level Change in Personality Traits Across the Life Course: A Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Studies," by B. W. Roberts, K. W. Walton, and W. Viechtbauer. Although Roberts et al depicted the present authors ... Full text Link to item Cite

Latent structure of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition personality disorder criteria.

Journal Article Compr Psychiatry · 2006 AIMS: This study investigated the internal construct validity of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) personality disorders and explored alternative models to characterize the personality disorder traits. The r ... Full text Link to item Cite

COMMENTARY ON TRULL Just Do It: Replace Axis II With a Diagnostic System Based on the Five-Factor Model of Personality

Conference DIMENSIONAL MODELS OF PERSONALITY DISORDERS: REFINING THE RESEARCH AGENDA FOR DSM-V · 2006 Link to item Cite

Person-factors in the California Adult Q-set: Closing the door on personality trait types?

Journal Article European Journal of Personality · January 1, 2006 To investigate recent hypotheses of replicable personality types, we examined data from 1540 self-sorts on the California Adult Q-Set (CAQ). Conventional factor analysis of the items showed the expected Five-Factor Model (FFM). Inverse factor analysis acro ... Full text Cite

Personality self-reports are concurrently reliable and valid during acute depressive episodes.

Journal Article J Affect Disord · December 2005 BACKGROUND: It is alleged that depression distorts the assessment of general personality traits. To test that hypothesis, we examined scores on the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) administered to acutely depressed patients at baseline and 14 t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Age trends and age norms for the NEO Personality Inventory-3 in adolescents and adults.

Journal Article Assessment · December 2005 The NEO Personality Inventory-3 (NEO-PI-3) is a modification of the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) designed to be more understandable to adolescents. Data from adults aged 21 to 91 showed that the NEO-PI-3 also functions as well or better tha ... Full text Link to item Cite

Lessons from longitudinal studies for new approaches to the DSM-V: the FFM and FFT.

Journal Article J Pers Disord · October 2005 After brief comments about each target article, we discuss their significance for the DSM-V, the implications for personality disorders of universal trait developmental trends, and our emerging theoretical model, the Five-Factor Theory, which provides an i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hierarchical linear modeling analyses of the NEO-PI-R scales in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging.

Journal Article Psychol Aging · September 2005 The authors examined age trends in the 5 factors and 30 facets assessed by the Revised NEO Personality Inventory in Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging data (N=1,944; 5,027 assessments) collected between 1989 and 2004. Consistent with cross-sectional res ... Full text Link to item Cite

A step toward DSM-V: Cataloguing personality-related problems in living

Journal Article European Journal of Personality · June 1, 2005 Intractable problems with DSM-IV's Axis II mandate an entirely new approach to the diagnosis of personality-related pathology. The Five-Factor Model of personality provides a scientifically grounded basis for personality assessment, and Five-Factor Theory ... Full text Cite

The NEO-PI-3: a more readable revised NEO Personality Inventory.

Journal Article J Pers Assess · June 2005 Use of the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R; Costa & McCrae, 1992) in adolescent samples has shown that a few respondents have difficulty with a subset of items. We identified 30 items that were not understood by at least 2% of adolescent respon ... Full text Link to item Cite

The longitudinal relationship between personality disorder dimensions and global functioning in a community-residing population.

Journal Article Psychol Med · June 2005 BACKGROUND: Little is known about the long-term outcome of personality disorder traits. The purpose of this study was to investigate, in a community-residing population, the longitudinal relationship between psychiatrist-assessed personality disorder score ... Full text Link to item Cite

DSM-IV personality disorders and the five-factor model of personality: A multi-method examination of domain- And facet-level predictions

Journal Article European Journal of Personality · June 1, 2005 The personality disorder classification system (Axis II) in the various versions of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manuals of Mental Disorders (DSM) has been the target of repeated criticism, with conceptual analysis and empirical evidence documenting its ... Full text Cite

Fleeting Infant Types to Enduring Traits

Journal Article Science · April 22, 2005 The Long Shadow of Temperament . By Jerome Kagan and Nancy Snidman . Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 2004. 302 pp. $27.95, £18.95, €25.80. I ... Full text Cite

Cross-sectional age differences in personality among medicare patients aged 65 to 100.

Journal Article Psychol Aging · March 2005 1,084 older Medicare recipients were orally administered the NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI; P. T. Costa & R. R. McCrae, 1992). Participants were assigned to groups based on gender and age (65-79 or 80-100). An analysis of covariance showed that women ... Full text Link to item Cite

Domain and facet personality predictors of all-cause mortality among Medicare patients aged 65 to 100.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · 2005 OBJECTIVES: Our objectives were to test whether Conscientiousness, the other 4 domains of the Five-Factor Model, and their facets predicted mortality in older, frail individuals. METHODS: Controlling for demographic and health measures, we used Cox regress ... Full text Link to item Cite

Change in depressive symptoms in the Baltimore longitudinal study of aging.

Journal Article J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci · November 2004 Depressive symptoms have been represented in the research and clinical literature in terms of both an episodic phenomenon and as enduring individual differences. We investigated depressive symptoms longitudinally in a sample of older adults. Participants w ... Full text Link to item Cite

Smoking and the Five-Factor Model of personality.

Journal Article Addiction · April 2004 AIMS: Investigating the association between personality traits and smoking status using a comprehensive model of personality, the Five-Factor Model (FFM). DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey. Setting Baltimore, MD, USA. Participants Adult elderly Americans (n = ... Full text Link to item Cite

Age differences in personality traits across cultures: Self-report and observer perspectives

Journal Article European Journal of Personality · March 1, 2004 Using self-report measures, longitudinal studies in the US and cross-sectional studies from many cultures suggest that the broad factors of Neuroticism, Extra version, and Openness to Experience decline from adolescence to adulthood, whereas Agreeableness ... Full text Cite

A contemplated revision of the NEO Five-Factor Inventory

Journal Article Personality and Individual Differences · February 1, 2004 Previous item factor analyses and readability analyses suggested that 14 of the 60 items in the NEO Five-Factor Inventory might usefully be replaced. New analyses in high school ( N =1959) and adult ( N =1492) samples led to the selection of new items from ... Full text Cite

Personality dimensions and criminal arrest.

Journal Article Compr Psychiatry · 2004 Previous studies have implicated antisocial personality disorder in criminal behavior, but little is known about the association between "normal" personality dimensions and arrest. We investigated the relationships between these personality dimensions and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Anxiety and depressive disorders and the five-factor model of personality: a higher- and lower-order personality trait investigation in a community sample.

Journal Article Depress Anxiety · 2004 We describe in detail normal personality traits in persons with psychiatrist-ascertained anxiety and depressive disorders in a general population sample. We investigated Revised NEO Personality Inventory traits in 731 community subjects examined by psychia ... Full text Link to item Cite

Consensual validation of personality traits across cultures

Journal Article Journal of Research in Personality · January 1, 2004 Cross-observer agreement on personality trait ratings has been interpreted as particularly powerful evidence of the veridicality of personality traits, but cross-cultural studies of consensual validity are relatively rare. In this article we review the ava ... Full text Cite

"At my wits' end": neuroticism and dementia.

Journal Article Neurology · December 9, 2003 Full text Link to item Cite

Personality influences limbic-cortical interactions during sad mood induction.

Journal Article Neuroimage · December 2003 The current study examined limbic-cortical activation under transient emotional stress as a function of personality style. A ventral cingulate (Cg25)-centred limbic-cortical network was identified using positron emission tomography (PET) measures of region ... Full text Link to item Cite

Individual difference variables, affective differentiation, and the structures of affect.

Journal Article J Pers · October 2003 Methodological arguments are usually invoked to explain variations in the structure of affect. Using self-rated affect from Italian samples (N=600), we show that individual difference variables related to affective differentiation can moderate the observed ... Full text Link to item Cite

Borderline personality disorder from the perspective of general personality functioning.

Journal Article J Abnorm Psychol · May 2003 The authors extended previous work on the hypothesis that borderline personality disorder (BPD) can be understood as a maladaptive variant of personality traits included within the 5-factor model (FFM) of personality. In each of 3 samples, an empirically d ... Full text Link to item Cite

Personality, quality of life and HAART adherence among men and women living with HIV/AIDS.

Journal Article J Psychosom Res · March 2003 Very few studies have documented relations between personality traits and quality of life among individuals living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Some have shown that poor perceived quality of life as de ... Full text Link to item Cite

Factorial and construct validity of the Italian Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS).

Journal Article Eur J Psychol Assess · 2003 This study provides evidence that an Italian version of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) is a reliable and valid self-report measure. In an Italian sample (N = 600), the PANAS showed solid psychometric properties, and several American find ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patterns of change in hostility from college to midlife in the UNC Alumni Heart Study predict high-risk status.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · 2003 OBJECTIVE: To examine hostility measured in college and patterns of change in hostility from college to midlife as predictors of high health-related risk later in midlife. METHODS: Logistic regression models were used to test hostility/risk associations. R ... Full text Link to item Cite

Overview

Journal Article Advances in Cell Aging and Gerontology · January 1, 2003 Full text Cite

Personality trait development from age 12 to age 18: longitudinal, cross-sectional, and cross-cultural analyses.

Journal Article J Pers Soc Psychol · December 2002 Three studies were conducted to assess mean level changes in personality traits during adolescence. Versions of the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (P. T. Costa, Jr., & R. R. McCrae, 1992a) were used to assess the 5 major personality factors. A 4-year lo ... Link to item Cite

Influences of parenting on normal personality traits.

Journal Article Psychiatry Res · August 5, 2002 There is a considerable literature linking aspects of experienced parenting to later personality disorders. Because dimensionally measured personality disorders are associated with variations in normal personality traits, it is important to understand the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Adult antisocial personality traits are associated with experiences of low parental care and maternal overprotection.

Journal Article Acta Psychiatr Scand · August 2002 OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of parenting in the development of adult antisocial personality traits. METHOD: A total of 742 community-based subjects were assessed for adult DSM-IV antisocial personality disorder traits and for measures of parental be ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assessing the DSM-IV structure of personality disorder with a sample of Chinese psychiatric patients.

Journal Article J Pers Disord · August 2002 The validity of the three-cluster system of personality disorders (PDs) in the latest version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV; APA, 1994) was examined in a sample of Chinese psychiatric patients (n = 227), who completed ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prevalence and correlates of personality disorders in a community sample.

Journal Article Br J Psychiatry · June 2002 BACKGROUND: Knowledge of the prevalence and correlates of personality disorders in the community is important for identifying treatment needs and for provision of psychiatric services. AIMS: To estimate the prevalence of personality disorders in a communit ... Full text Link to item Cite

Behavioral medicine and aging.

Journal Article Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · June 2002 Full text Cite

Behavioral medicine and aging.

Journal Article J Consult Clin Psychol · June 2002 A brief history of behavioral medicine and aging is followed by a series of perspectives that help to understand how age is used as a variable in this research, the relative importance of age to declines in cognitive functioning, and the impact of behavior ... Full text Link to item Cite

Personality pathways to unsafe sex: Personality, condom use, and HIV risk behaviors

Journal Article Journal of Research in Personality · January 1, 2002 Few studies have considered the importance of enduring personality characteristics in influencing health and HIV/AIDS risk behaviors. The current study examined relations between a comprehensive measure of personality, the Revised NEO Personality Inventory ... Full text Cite

The Replicability and Utility of Three Personality Types

Journal Article European Journal of Personality · January 1, 2002 Personality types are construed as constellations of features that uniquely define discrete groups of individuals. Types are conceptually convenient because they summarize many traits in a single label, but until recently most researchers agreed that there ... Full text Cite

Short-term stability of NEO-PI-R personality trait scores in opioid-dependent outpatients.

Journal Article Psychol Addict Behav · September 2001 The present study examined the short-term stability of personality trait scores from the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) among 230 opioid-dependent outpatients. The NEO-PI-R is a 240-item empirically developed measure of the five-factor model ... Link to item Cite

Gender differences in personality traits across cultures: robust and surprising findings.

Journal Article J Pers Soc Psychol · August 2001 Secondary analyses of Revised NEO Personality Inventory data from 26 cultures (N = 23,031) suggest that gender differences are small relative to individual variation within genders; differences are replicated across cultures for both college-age and adult ... Full text Link to item Cite

Genetic architecture of temperament - Dr. Herbst and colleagues reply

Journal Article AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY · August 2001 Link to item Cite

Normal personality traits and comorbidity among phobic, panic and major depressive disorders.

Journal Article Psychiatry Res · May 10, 2001 High comorbidity among anxiety and depressive conditions is a consistent but not well-understood finding. The current study examines how normal personality traits relate to this comorbidity. In the Baltimore Epidemiologic Catchment Area Follow-up Study, ps ... Full text Link to item Cite

Personality profiles and the prediction of categorical personality disorders.

Journal Article J Pers · April 2001 Personality disorders (PDs) are usually construed as psychiatric categories characterized by a unique configuration of traits and behaviors. To generate clinical hypotheses from normal personality trait scores, profile agreement statistics can be calculate ... Full text Link to item Cite

Phobic, panic, and major depressive disorders and the five-factor model of personality.

Journal Article J Nerv Ment Dis · March 2001 This study investigated five-factor model personality traits in anxiety (simple phobia, social phobia, agoraphobia, and panic disorder) and major depressive disorders in a population-based sample. In the Baltimore Epidemiologic Catchment Area Follow-up Stu ... Full text Link to item Cite

Gender differences in personality traits across cultures: Robust and surprising findings.

Journal Article Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · 2001 Full text Cite

Personality psychology and problem behaviors: HIV risk and the five-factor model.

Journal Article J Pers · December 2000 Studies of personality and problem behaviors may begin with analyses of the problem and develop hypotheses about personality traits that might be relevant; or they may begin with models of personality and explore links to behavior. Because it is well valid ... Full text Link to item Cite

Personality at midlife: stability, intrinsic maturation, and response to life events.

Journal Article Assessment · December 2000 Although developmental theories and popular accounts suggest that midlife is a time of turmoil and change, longitudinal studies of personality traits have generally found stability of rank order and little or no change in mean levels. Using data from 2,274 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Self-perceptions of stability and change in personality at midlife: the UNC Alumni Heart Study.

Journal Article Assessment · December 2000 The finding of personality stability in adulthood may be counterintuitive to people who perceive a great deal of change in their own personality. The purpose of this study is to determine whether self-reported perceived changes in personality are associate ... Full text Link to item Cite

Personality disorders and normal personality dimensions in obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Journal Article Br J Psychiatry · November 2000 BACKGROUND: Little is known about personality disorders and normal personality dimensions in relatives of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). AIMS: To determine whether specific personality characteristics are part of a familial spectrum of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Do the dimensions of the temperament and character inventory map a simple genetic architecture? Evidence from molecular genetics and factor analysis.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · August 2000 OBJECTIVE: It has been reported that the human temperament dimensions of novelty seeking and harm avoidance are associated with polymorphisms in the D(4) dopamine receptor gene (D4DR) and the serotonin-transporter-linked promoter region (5-HTTLPR), respect ... Full text Link to item Cite

Personality predictors of injury-related posttraumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article J Nerv Ment Dis · August 2000 This longitudinal, cohort study examined the effect of personality traits on the emergence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a recently traumatized, civilian, mixed-gender sample with significant injuries. Burn survivors (N = 70) were administered ... Full text Link to item Cite

The cross-cultural generalizability of Axis-II constructs: an evaluation of two personality disorder assessment instruments in the People's Republic of China.

Journal Article J Pers Disord · 2000 We examined the reliability, cross-instrument validity, and factor structure of Chinese adaptations of the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire (PDQ-4+; N = 1,926) and Personality Disorders Interview (PDI-IV; N = 525) in psychiatric patients. Comparisons w ... Full text Link to item Cite

Nature over nurture: temperament, personality, and life span development.

Journal Article J Pers Soc Psychol · January 2000 Temperaments are often regarded as biologically based psychological tendencies with intrinsic paths of development. It is argued that this definition applies to the personality traits of the five-factor model. Evidence for the endogenous nature of traits i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Replicating the five factor model of personality in a psychiatric sample

Journal Article Personality and Individual Differences · December 1, 1999 In this study we examined whether the factor structure and traits of the five-factor model of personality (FFM), derived from non-clinical samples, could be replicated in a sample of psychiatric patients. The revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R) wa ... Full text Cite

Cross-cultural personality assessment in psychiatric populations: The NEO-PI-R in the People's Republic of China

Journal Article Psychological Assessment · September 1, 1999 The Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) is measure of the 5- factor model developed on volunteer samples in the United States. To examine its validity in a non-Western, psychiatric sample, an existing Chinese translation was modified for use in th ... Full text Cite

Age differences in personality across the adult life span: parallels in five cultures.

Journal Article Dev Psychol · March 1999 Both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies in the United States have shown consistent changes between college age and middle adulthood. There appear to be declines in 3 of the 5 major factors of personality--Neuroticism, Extraversion, and Openness--and ... Full text Link to item Cite

The relationship of anxiety and depression with self-reported knee pain in the community: data from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging.

Journal Article Arthritis Care Res · February 1999 OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between anxiety and depression and reporting of knee pain in the community. METHODS: Subjects (n = 374) were community volunteers aged 40 years and above who are participants in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Systolic blood pressure within an intermediate range may reduce memory loss in an elderly hypertensive cohort.

Journal Article J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol · 1999 The objective of this study was to determine if maintenance of systolic blood pressure (BP) within a high range or low range among treated hypertensive patients increases the risk of memory decline. Biennial neuropsychological evaluations were performed on ... Full text Link to item Cite

Heritabilities of Common and Measure-Specific Components of the Big Five Personality Factors

Journal Article Journal of Research in Personality · December 1, 1998 Three different measures of the Big Five personality dimensions were developed from the battery of questionnaires used in the National Merit Twin Study: one from trait self-rating scales, one from personality inventory items, and one from an adjective chec ... Full text Cite

Adult age differences in personality traits in the United States and the People's Republic of China.

Journal Article J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci · November 1998 Life experiences for corresponding age cohorts in the United States (US) and the People's Republic of China (PRC) have been dramatically different. If cohort effects account for cross-sectional age differences in mean levels of personality traits, differen ... Full text Link to item Cite

Identifying causes of disagreement between self-reports and spouse ratings of personality.

Journal Article J Pers · June 1998 Self-reports and spouse ratings of personality traits typically show less-than-perfect agreement, but powerful moderators of agreement have not yet been identified. In Study 1, 47 married couples completed the Revised NEO Personality Inventory to describe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Six approaches to the explication of facet-level traits: Examples from conscientiousness

Journal Article European Journal of Personality · January 1, 1998 Proponents of the Five-Factor Model (FFM) of personality have argued for somewhat different conceptualizations of the factors. Ultimately, the factors are best understood by a specification of the traits (or facets) that define them, and these facets in tu ... Full text Cite

Cross-cultural assessment of the five-factor model: The Revised NEO Personality Inventory

Journal Article Journal of Cross Cultural Psychology · January 1, 1998 The five-factor model (FFM) is a representation of the patterns of covariation of personality traits in terms of five broad factors. The Revised NEO Personality Inventory, a questionnaire measure of the FFM, has recently been translated into a number of di ... Full text Cite

Dimensional models of personality: A framework for systematic clinical assessment

Journal Article European Journal of Psychological Assessment · January 1, 1998 Personality research has made considerable progress in developing dimensional models. This article reviews the application of these trait models to clinical theory and practice. Assessment of traits is useful for understanding the individual client, for di ... Full text Cite

No association between novelty seeking and dopamine D4 receptor (D4DR) exon III seven repeat alleles in Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging participants.

Journal Article Mol Psychiatry · September 1997 Recent studies by Ebstein et al and Benjamin et al found associations between long repeat polymorphisms in the D4 dopamine receptor gene (D4DR) and individual variation in a human personality trait, identified as 'Novelty Seeking' (NS). Ebstein et al used ... Full text Link to item Cite

Personality trait structure as a human universal.

Journal Article Am Psychol · May 1997 Patterns of covariation among personality traits in English-speaking populations can be summarized by the five-factor model (FFM). To assess the cross-cultural generalizability of the FFM, data from studies using 6 translations of the Revised NEO Personali ... Full text Link to item Cite

Stability and change in personality assessment: the revised NEO Personality Inventory in the year 2000.

Journal Article J Pers Assess · February 1997 The Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) consists of 30 facet scales that define the broad domains of the Five-Factor Model of personality. No major revisions of the basic model are anticipated in the near future. Despite their popularity, social d ... Full text Link to item Cite

Personality factors differentially predict exercise behavior in men and women.

Journal Article Womens Health · 1997 Personality assessed with the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) in college was used to predict exercise behavior measured at midlife in 3,630 men and 796 women enrolled in the University of North Carolina Alumni Heart Study. Logistic regre ... Link to item Cite

Personality characteristics and sexual functioning of 188 cross-dressing men.

Journal Article J Nerv Ment Dis · May 1996 The literature on cross-dressing men has been primarily limited to self-identified patients at psychiatric clinics who are in distress. To understand the personality trait characteristics and sexual functioning of nonpatient cross-dressers, 188 non-treatme ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evaluating Replicability of Factors in the Revised NEO Personality Inventory: Confirmatory Factor Analysis Versus Procrustes Rotation

Journal Article Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · January 1, 1996 Despite the empirical robustness of the 5-factor model of personality, recent confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) of NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI) data suggest they do not fit the hypothesized model. In a replication study of 229 adults, a series of C ... Full text Cite

Work and personality: Use of the NEO-PI-R in industrial/organisational psychology

Conference Applied Psychology · January 1, 1996 The Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) is a contemporary measure of 30 traits that define the five basic factors of normal personality. In both research and applied samples it has shown evidence of reliability and validity, and several studies su ... Full text Cite

Association of radiographic features of osteoarthritis of the knee with knee pain: data from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging.

Journal Article Arthritis Care Res · September 1995 OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between self-reported knee pain and radiographic features of osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. METHODS: A sample of participants in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (452 Caucasian males and 223 Caucasian female ... Full text Link to item Cite

Relationship of trait anger to resting blood pressure: a meta-analysis.

Journal Article Health Psychol · September 1995 A series of meta-analyses were conducted to assess whether anger is related to essential hypertension. The present review also considered the relevance of the distinction between anger experience and anger expression, the effect of participant selection bi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Primary traits of Eysenck's P-E-N system: three- and five-factor solutions.

Journal Article J Pers Soc Psychol · August 1995 The Eysenck Personality Profiler (EPP), a set of 21 scales measuring primary traits hypothesized to be definers of Neuroticism, Extraversion, and Psychoticism factors, was administered to 229 adults together with the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire--Revi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Adult life span changes in immediate visual memory and verbal intelligence.

Journal Article Psychol Aging · March 1995 A sample of 558 women and 1,163 men 17 to 102 years old, screened for neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disease, was administered tests of immediate visual memory (Benton Visual Retention Test) and crystallized intelligence (Wechsler Adult Intelligenc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Solid ground in the wetlands of personality: a reply to Block.

Journal Article Psychol Bull · March 1995 The five-factor model (FFM) of personality offers a structural organization of personality traits in terms of 5 broad factors. J. Block's (1995) critique of the FFM failed to recognize the utility of a trait taxonomy and the intent of research designed to ... Full text Link to item Cite

Changes in immediate visual memory predict cognitive impairment.

Journal Article Arch Clin Neuropsychol · March 1995 Six-year changes in immediate visual memory performance assessed by the Benton Visual Retention (BVR) test predicted Alzheimer's disease (AD) prior to its onset. Subjects of this study were 371 community-dwelling adult participants in the Baltimore Longitu ... Link to item Cite

Domains and facets: hierarchical personality assessment using the revised NEO personality inventory.

Journal Article J Pers Assess · February 1995 Personality traits are organized hierarchically, with narrow, specific traits combining to define broad, global factors. The Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R; Costa & McCrae, 1992c) assesses personality at both levels, with six specific facet sc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Persons, Places, and Personality: Career Assessment Using the Revised NEO Personality Inventory

Journal Article Journal of Career Assessment · January 1, 1995 The Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R; Costa & McCrae, 1992a) is a questionnaire measure of 30 traits that define the comprehensive five-factor model (FFM) of personality. Data from police selection, college student, and Hispanic American samples ... Full text Cite

Positive and negative valence within the five-factor model

Journal Article Journal of Research in Personality · January 1, 1995 Tellegen and Walker (in press) have argued that highly evaluative adjectives provide significant information about personality and should not be excluded from trait taxonomic studies. Their analyses have identified two evaluative dimensions labeled Positiv ... Full text Cite

Trait explanations in personality psychology

Journal Article European Journal of Personality · January 1, 1995 Recent debates on the status of contemporary trait psychology (Pervin, 1994) have revived old questions about the role of traits in the explanation of behavior: are traits mere descriptions of behavior, or do they offer one legitimate and useful form of ex ... Full text Cite

Comparison of the MMPI-2 Personality Psychopathology Five (PSY-5), the NEO-PI, and the NEO-PI-R

Journal Article Psychological Assessment · January 1, 1995 This study examined relations between Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory Personality Psychopathology Five (PSY-5; A.R. Harkness, J.L. McNulty, & Y.S. Ben-Porath, 1995), NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI; P.T. Costa & R.R. McCrae, 1985), and the re ... Full text Cite

Changes in immediate visual memory predict cognitive impairment

Journal Article Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology · January 1, 1995 Six-year changes in immediate visual memory performance assessed by the Benton Visual Retention (BVR) test predicted Alzheimer's disease (AD) prior to its onset. Subjects of this study were 371 community-dwelling adult participants in the Baltimore Longitu ... Full text Cite

Personality and breast cancer screening behaviors

Journal Article Annals of Behavioral Medicine · December 1, 1994 This review examines findings on the relationship between personality and breast cancer screening behaviors. Because the literature is limited, data from the University of North Carolina Alumni Heart Study (UNCAHS) are presented showing the associations be ... Cite

Personality and personality disorders.

Journal Article J Abnorm Psychol · February 1994 The mental disorders that most clearly relate to personality are the personality disorders. The purpose of this article is to review the support for the hypothesis that the personality disorders of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Stability of Personality: Observations and Evaluations

Journal Article Current Directions in Psychological Science · January 1, 1994 Full text Cite

Does Lorr's interpersonal style inventory measure the five-factor model?

Journal Article Personality and Individual Differences · January 1, 1994 The second-order factors of Lorr's Interpersonal Style Inventory (ISI) have been interpreted as measures of the five-factor model. To assess that hypothesis, 126 adult men and women completed the ISI and two measures of the model: the Revised NEO Personali ... Full text Cite

Personality stability and its contribution to successful aging

Journal Article Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · January 1, 1994 Cite

Menopausal Transition and Psychological Distress in a Nationally Representative Sample: Is Menopause Associated with Psychological Distress?

Journal Article Journal of Aging and Health · January 1, 1994 This study examines whether menopause is associated with three measures of psychological distress: depression, well-being, and sleep disturbance. Women aged 40-60 from the National Health Examination Follow-up Study were assigned to four groups based on th ... Full text Cite

Depressive symptoms as a nonspecific, graded risk for psychiatric diagnoses.

Journal Article J Abnorm Psychol · November 1993 Using data from a 16-year follow-up of a nationally representative sample of 6,913 adults, measures of depressive symptoms were used to predict psychiatric diagnoses taken from hospitalization records. In proportional hazards analyses, two measures of depr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Genetic and environmental effects on openness to experience, agreeableness, and conscientiousness: an adoption/twin study.

Journal Article J Pers · June 1993 Previous research has indicated that extraversion and neuroticism are substantially affected both by genotype and environment. This study assesses genetic and environmental influences on the other three components of the five-factor model of personality: O ... Full text Link to item Cite

Antisocial personality disorder among drug abusers. Relations to other personality diagnoses and the five-factor model of personality.

Journal Article J Nerv Ment Dis · May 1993 Antisocial personality disorder among drug abusers has been associated with poor drug abuse treatment outcome and greater human immunodeficiency virus infection risk compared with drug abusers without the disorder. Despite this, less is known about the per ... Link to item Cite

Folk Concepts, Natural Language, and Psychological Constructs: The California Psychological Inventory and the Five‐Factor Model

Journal Article Journal of Personality · January 1, 1993 ABSTRACT Both the California Psychological Inventory (CPI; Gough, 1987) and the five‐factor model of personality have roots in folk concepts of personality. The present article offers a conceptual analysis of CPI scales in terms of the five‐factor model. I ... Full text Cite

Ego Development and Trait Models of Personality

Journal Article Psychological Inquiry · January 1, 1993 Full text Cite

Psychological research in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging.

Journal Article Z Gerontol · 1993 The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA) is an ongoing multidisciplinary study of biomedical and psychosocial aging. Over 1000 men and women are currently active, returning to the Gerontology Research Center every 2 years for a 2.5-day visit. Longi ... Link to item Cite

Diagnosis and treatment of depression in late life: the NIH Consensus Development Conference Statement.

Journal Article Psychopharmacol Bull · 1993 The National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference on Diagnosis and Treatment of Depression in Late Life brought together biomedical and behavioral scientists, surgeons, and other health care professionals as well as the public to address t ... Link to item Cite

Age and gender differences in the content scales of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory.

Journal Article Exp Aging Res · 1993 We examined time of measurement, gender, and age differences on the nine content scales of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory using data collected by three separate studies during the 1950s, 1960s and 1980s. No evidence was found for differenc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Using college alumni populations in epidemiologic research: the UNC Alumni Heart Study.

Journal Article J Clin Epidemiol · November 1992 The UNC Alumni Heart Study (UNCAHS) is a prospective study of the role of psychosocial factors, in particular hostility, in the development of coronary heart disease. The target population is composed of persons who completed the Minnesota Multiphasic Pers ... Full text Link to item Cite

Covariance of personality, neurocognition, and schizophrenia spectrum traits in the community.

Journal Article Schizophr Res · July 1992 Clinical researchers have observed in relatives of schizophrenic individuals abnormal personality traits resembling the psychopathology of schizophrenia. Further similarities have been observed in correlations between measures of brain function, including ... Full text Link to item Cite

Discriminant Validity of NEO-PIR Facet Scales

Journal Article Educational and Psychological Measurement · March 1992 Two analyses were conducted to examine the discriminant validity of 30 facet scales from the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PIR). To examine cross-observer validity of specific variance in the facet scales, partial correlations between self ... Full text Cite

SHOCK,NATHAN,W. (1906-1989) - OBITUARY

Journal Article AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGIST · March 1992 Link to item Cite

Response stability and reliability in longitudinal health evaluations.

Journal Article Aging (Milano) · March 1992 Two approaches were used to study the stability over time and intravisit reliability of health questions and clinical medical examination items in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA). The stability of responses was determined by evaluating the ... Full text Link to item Cite

An assessment of the Edwards Personal Preference Schedule from the perspective of the five-factor model.

Journal Article J Pers Assess · February 1992 We examined the validity of need scales of the Edwards Personal Preference Schedule (EPPS) by correlating them with a measure of the five basic factors of personality; we also considered test format as a possible source of invalidity. Three hundred thirty ... Full text Link to item Cite

Multiple uses for longitudinal personality data

Journal Article European Journal of Personality · January 1, 1992 Most longitudinal studies are designed to serve fairly narrow purposes, such as the prediction of life outcomes from theoretically relevant antecedent variables, or the documentation of age‐related changes in the level of personality or cognitive variables ... Full text Cite

Reply to Ben-Porath and Waller

Journal Article Psychological Assessment · January 1, 1992 In response to comments by Ben-Porath and Waller (1992, this issue), we note that (a) no self-report instrument can provide a complete clinical evaluation, but personality measures may contribute to the evaluation; (b) the use of validity scales is controv ... Full text Cite

The five-factor model of personality and sexual functioning in outpatient men and women.

Journal Article Psychiatr Med · 1992 454 adults seeking evaluation at a sexual behaviors consultation clinic were evaluated for the major dimensions of personality as measured by the NEO Personality Inventory and various aspects of sexual attitudes and experiences via the Derogatis Sexual Fun ... Link to item Cite

The five-factor model of personality and its relevance to personality disorders

Conference Journal of Personality Disorders · January 1, 1992 The five-factor model is a dimensional representation of personality structure that has recently gained widespread acceptance among personality psychologists. This article describes the five factors (Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness, Agreeableness, and ... Full text Cite

Four ways five factors are basic

Conference Personality and Individual Differences · January 1, 1992 The five-factor model has recently received wide attention as a comprehensive model of personality traits. The claim that these five factors represent basic dimensions of personality is based on four lines of reasoning and evidence: (a) longitudinal and cr ... Full text Cite

Reply to Eysenck

Journal Article Personality and Individual Differences · January 1, 1992 In this response to Eysenck's comments we argue that a contemporary review of the literature would favor the five-factor model; we attempt to explain the observed correlations between scales that measure different factors; and we reiterate our view that th ... Full text Cite

Normal Personality Assessment in Clinical Practice: The NEO Personality Inventory

Journal Article Psychological Assessment · January 1, 1992 Personality psychologists from a variety of theoretical perspectives have recently concluded that personality traits can be summarized in terms of a 5-factor model. This article describes the NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI), a measure of these 5 factors ... Full text Cite

Clinical use of the five-factor model: an introduction.

Journal Article J Pers Assess · December 1991 In the past decade, clinical psychologists have developed a renewed appreciation of the value of assessment. At the same time, personality psychologists have come to agree on a fundamental taxonomy of personality traits, the five-factor model. Articles in ... Full text Link to item Cite

A comparison of five-factor personality dimensions in males with sexual dysfunction and males with paraphilia.

Journal Article J Pers Assess · December 1991 We compared personality profiles of men with sexual dysfunction (n = 51) to those of age-matched men with a primary diagnosis of paraphilia (n = 51) employing the NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI), a measure of the five-factor model. Preliminary analyses ... Full text Link to item Cite

Personality and sexual functioning of transvestitic fetishists and other paraphilics.

Journal Article J Nerv Ment Dis · November 1991 Utilizing the NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI) and the Derogatis Sexual Functioning Inventory (DSFI), 24 transvestitic fetishists (TVs) were compared with a similar clinic-evaluated group of 26 other paraphilics (OPs). The data replicated previous result ... Full text Link to item Cite

Adding Liebe und Arbeit: The Full Five-Factor Model and Well-Being

Journal Article Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · April 1991 Neuroticism, extraversion, and openness to experience have been shown to have systematic effects on psychological well being. The remaining dimensions in the five-factor model of personality-agreeableness and conscientiouness-may also contribute to ... Full text Cite

PERSONALITY PREDICTION OF EXERCISE IN THE UNC ALUMNI HEART-STUDY

Journal Article PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE · March 1, 1991 Link to item Cite

Response to Dolliver

Journal Article Journal of Counseling Development · January 1, 1991 Full text Cite

The NEO Personality Inventory: Using the Five‐Factor ModeI in Counseling

Journal Article Journal of Counseling Development · January 1, 1991 Personality psychologists have recently concluded that five major dimensions account for most individual differences in personality traits. The NEO Personality Inventory (NEO‐PI) is a concise measure of this Five‐Factor Model and of some of the important t ... Full text Cite

Trait psychology comes of age.

Journal Article Nebr Symp Motiv · 1991 Link to item Cite

Adjective Check List Scales and the Five-Factor Model

Journal Article Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · January 1, 1991 Correlations of Adjective Check List (ACL; Gough & Heilbrun, 1965, 1983) scales with measures of the five-factor model of personality provide a basis for reinterpreting earlier studies and construing new ACL scales in terms of a common conceptual framework ... Full text Cite

Neuroticism and cynicism and risk of death in middle-aged men: the Western Electric Study.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · 1991 MMPI measures of neuroticism (N) and of cynicism (C) were obtained at the initial examination of 1871 employed, middle-aged men in Chicago. Neither N nor C was significantly associated cross-sectionally with systolic blood pressure or serum cholesterol, bu ... Full text Link to item Cite

Facet scales for agreeableness and conscientiousness: A revision of tshe NEO personality inventory

Journal Article Personality and Individual Differences · January 1, 1991 The NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI) is intended to operationalize the five-factor model of personality, both at the level of broad factors or domains and at the level of more specific traits or facets of each domain. However, only facets of three of the ... Full text Cite

PERSONALITY, DEFENSE, COPING, AND ADAPTATION IN OLDER ADULTHOOD

Conference LIFE-SPAN DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY : PERSPECTIVES ON STRESS AND COPING · 1991 Link to item Cite

Gender differences in cardiovascular reactivity.

Journal Article J Behav Med · April 1990 Pronounced cardiovascular reactivity to stress is a behavioral mechanism that may underlie the pathophysiology of coronary heart disease (CHD). Based on the greater incidence of CHD among males than among females, the purpose of the current investigation w ... Full text Link to item Cite

Existence of irritable bowel syndrome supported by factor analysis of symptoms in two community samples.

Journal Article Gastroenterology · February 1990 To determine whether bowel symptoms covary in a pattern consistent with the existence of irritable bowel as a distinct syndrome, bowel symptom questionnaires from 2 independent samples were factor analyzed. Samples consisted of 351 18-40-yr-old women who v ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prevalence and prognostic significance of exercise-induced silent myocardial ischemia detected by thallium scintigraphy and electrocardiography in asymptomatic volunteers.

Journal Article Circulation · February 1990 Although a silent ischemic electrocardiographic response to treadmill exercise in clinically healthy populations is associated with an increased likelihood of future coronary events (i.e., angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, or cardiac death), such a r ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cervical cytology and reimbursement issues

Journal Article JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association · January 26, 1990 Full text Cite

Cancer and psychosocial traits, continued (Reply)

Journal Article Journal of the American Medical Association · January 1, 1990 Full text Cite

Personality: Another “Hidden Factor” in Stress Research

Journal Article Psychological Inquiry · January 1, 1990 Full text Cite

Personality disorders and the five-factor model of personality

Journal Article Journal of Personality Disorders · January 1, 1990 Data from three normal samples were used to examine links between personality disorder scales and measures of the five-factor model of personality. In the first study, self-reports, spouse ratings, and peer ratings on the NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI) ... Full text Cite

Predicting personality in adulthood from college MMPI scores: implications for follow-up studies in psychosomatic medicine.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · 1990 To assess the long-term predictive utility of Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) content scales, 1,960 individuals who had completed the MMPI in college in 1964 or 1965 were administered two measures of adult personality, the NEO Personalit ... Full text Link to item Cite

Depression as a risk for cancer morbidity and mortality in a nationally representative sample.

Journal Article JAMA · September 1, 1989 The relative risks for cancer morbidity and mortality associated with depressive symptoms were examined using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey I Epidemiologic Follow-up Study. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression sc ... Link to item Cite

The structure of interpersonal traits: Wiggins's circumplex and the five-factor model.

Journal Article J Pers Soc Psychol · April 1989 Using a sample of 315 adult men and women, self-reports on Wiggins's revised Interpersonal Adjective Scales were jointly factored with self-reports, peer ratings, and spouse ratings on the NEO Personality Inventory to examine the relations between the two ... Full text Link to item Cite

Reinterpreting the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator from the perspective of the five-factor model of personality.

Journal Article J Pers · March 1989 The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI; Myers & McCaulley, 1985) was evaluated from the perspectives of Jung's theory of psychological types and the five-factor model of personality as measured by self-reports and peer ratings on the NEO Personality Invento ... Full text Link to item Cite

More Reasons to Adopt the Five-Factor Model

Journal Article American Psychologist · February 1, 1989 Full text Cite

Rotation to Maximize the Construct Validity of Factors in the NEO Personality Inventory.

Journal Article Multivariate Behav Res · January 1, 1989 The NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI) consists of 5 global domain and 18 specific facet scales developed to measure aspects of the five major dimensions of normal personality. To obtain optimal measures of these five dimensions from the NEO-PI scales, a m ... Full text Link to item Cite

Potential for hostility and dimensions of anger.

Journal Article Health Psychol · 1989 Recent reviews have linked Potential for Hostility derived from the Structured Interview (SI) to coronary artery disease, independent of the global Type A pattern. The present study examined the construct validity of Potential for Hostility ratings by corr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Components of hostility as predictors of sudden death and myocardial infarction in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · 1989 We tested the hypothesis that hostility is associated with increased relative risk (RR) for coronary death and nonfatal myocardial infarction among participants in the prospective Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). Cases (N = 192) were compar ... Full text Link to item Cite

A caution on the use of the MMPI K-correction in research on psychosomatic medicine.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · 1989 The MMPI K scale is widely used to screen for invalid responses and to adjust substantive scale scores for defensiveness. In a normal volunteer sample, correlations of MMPI clinical scales and the Cook-Medley Hostility (HO) scale with self-reports and peer ... Full text Link to item Cite

Age, personality, and the spontaneous self-concept.

Journal Article J Gerontol · November 1988 Kuhn and McPartland's (1954) Twenty Statements Test (TST) was examined as a measure of the spontaneous self-concept. In the first study, using 60 men and 60 women aged 32 to 84, responses were scored to indicate the salience of different aspects of self-co ... Full text Link to item Cite

Psychological Resilience Among Widowed Men and Women: A 10‐Year Follow‐up of a National Sample

Journal Article Journal of Social Issues · October 1988 Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) I Epidemiologic Followup Study were used to examine some long‐term consequences of widowhood. Beginning with a sample of over 14,000 respondents between the ages of 25 and 74, ... Full text Cite

Measures and markers of biological aging: 'a great clamoring ... of fleeting significance'.

Journal Article Arch Gerontol Geriatr · September 1988 In response to Dean and Morgan (1988), we review our position on approaches to functional or biological aging. Researchers have attempted to assess an hypothesized underlying 'rate of aging' by combining information from the functioning of several differen ... Full text Link to item Cite

Symptoms of psychologic distress associated with irritable bowel syndrome. Comparison of community and medical clinic samples.

Journal Article Gastroenterology · September 1988 Women with symptoms indicative of irritable bowel syndrome who had not consulted a physician were compared with female patients at a gastroenterology clinic to investigate whether self-selection for treatment accounts for psychologic abnormalities in clini ... Full text Link to item Cite

Recalled parent-child relations and adult personality.

Journal Article J Pers · June 1988 Adult children's ratings of their parents' behaviors on the Parent-Child Relation Questionnaire II were correlated with self-reports and peer ratings of personality on the NEO Personality Inventory in a sample of 619 men and women aged 21 to 96. Individual ... Full text Link to item Cite

Personality in adulthood: a six-year longitudinal study of self-reports and spouse ratings on the NEO Personality Inventory.

Journal Article J Pers Soc Psychol · May 1988 Previous longitudinal studies of personality in adulthood have been limited in the range of traits examined, have chiefly made use of self-reports, and have frequently included only men. In this study, self-reports (N = 983) and spouse ratings (N = 167) we ... Full text Link to item Cite

From Catalog to Classification: Murray's Needs and the Five-Factor Model

Journal Article Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · January 1, 1988 The alphabetical list of needs described by Murray (1938) has formed the basis for a number of inventories, including the Personality Research Form (PRF; Jackson, 1984). In an attempt to provide a more meaningful classification of the Murray needs, the sca ... Full text Cite

Do Parental Influences Matter? A Reply to Halverson

Journal Article Journal of Personality · January 1, 1988 ABSTRACT Halverson (1988) raises many objections to the retrospective method, but only some of them are applicable to our study (McCrae & Costa, 1988), further, Halverson fails to distinguish between random error and bias in retrospective data We argue tha ... Full text Cite

Assessment of coronary-prone behavior: A current overview

Journal Article Annals of Behavioral Medicine · January 1, 1988 This paper briefly reviews the historical evolution of the concept of the Type A behavior pattern (TABP) and evidence for its association with clinical coronary heart disease (CHD). Overall, the review suggests that the global TABP is not a reliable predic ... Full text Cite

Severe perimenstrual symptoms: prevalence and effects on absenteeism and health care seeking in a non-clinical sample.

Journal Article Women Health · 1988 Three hundred eight nursing students were classified into three perimenstrual severity groups based on their responses to the Moos Menstrual Distress Questionnaire, disregarding the number of symptoms reported. The prevalence of severe perimenstrual sympto ... Full text Link to item Cite

Influence of the normal personality dimension of neuroticism on chest pain symptoms and coronary artery disease.

Journal Article Am J Cardiol · December 28, 1987 For at least the last 200 years it has been suspected that somatic manifestations of psychological distress play a role in the medical recognition and treatment of coronary artery disease (CAD). The cardiovascular system is intricately linked to the experi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Environmental and dispositional influences on well-being: longitudinal follow-up of an American national sample.

Journal Article Br J Psychol · August 1987 Both laypersons and social scientists typically assume that psychological well-being or happiness is a response to objective circumstances or events. The present study contributes to recent literature showing that stable individual differences are more use ... Full text Link to item Cite

Declines in divergent thinking with age: cross-sectional, longitudinal, and cross-sequential analyses.

Journal Article Psychol Aging · June 1987 Six measures of divergent thinking were administered to 825 men ranging in age from 17 to 101 over the period from 1959 to 1972; repeat administrations were given to a subset of 278 men after a 6-year interval. Cross-sectional analyses showed curvilinear t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Coronary prone behavior: components of the type A pattern and hostility.

Journal Article J Pers · June 1987 Traditional and nontraditional risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD) are discussed with special attention devoted to the Type A behavior pattern (TABP). Positive and negative epidemiological evidence bearing on the risk factors status of global TAB ... Full text Link to item Cite

Neuroticism, somatic complaints, and disease: is the bark worse than the bite?

Journal Article J Pers · June 1987 Perhaps because negative emotions are frequently expressed in physiological reactions, psychosomatic theories have often identified Neuroticism and its component traits (including anxiety, anger, and depression) as causal influences on the development of d ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hostility, agreeableness-antagonism, and coronary heart disease

Journal Article Journal of Interprofessional Care · January 1, 1987 Although the Type A Behavior Pattern (TABP) is widely considered to be an important risk factor for CHD, several recent studies have failed to find associations between TABP and CHD. As a result, investigators using the Structured Interview have begun to e ... Full text Cite

Validation of the five-factor model of personality across instruments and observers.

Journal Article J Pers Soc Psychol · January 1987 Two data sources--self-reports and peer ratings--and two instruments--adjective factors and questionnaire scales--were used to assess the five-factor model of personality. As in a previous study of self-reports (McCrae & Costa, 1985b), adjective factors of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Longitudinal analyses of psychological well-being in a national sample: stability of mean levels.

Journal Article J Gerontol · January 1987 Maturational changes, cohort differences, and time of measurement effects on psychological well-being were examined in data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) I Epidemiologic Followup Study. A 9-year longitudinal study of 4, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Task force 2: Psychological risk factors in coronary artery disease

Journal Article Circulation · January 1, 1987 Cite

Clinical Assessment Can Benefit From Recent Advances In Personality Psychology

Journal Article American Psychologist · September 1, 1986 Full text Cite

Cross-sectional studies of personality in a national sample: 2. Stability in neuroticism, extraversion, and openness.

Journal Article Psychol Aging · June 1986 Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES I) Epidemiologic Followup Study were used to examine age differences in neuroticism, extraversion, and openness to experience. Cross-sectional analyses of data from 10,063 respondents s ... Link to item Cite

Cross-sectional studies of personality in a national sample: 1. Development and validation of survey measures.

Journal Article Psychol Aging · June 1986 Short scales were developed to measure three broad dimensions of personality in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES I) Epidemiologic Followup Study. Items to measure neuroticism were selected rationally from the General Well-Being ... Full text Link to item Cite

Personality, coping, and coping effectiveness in an adult sample

Journal Article Journal of Personality · January 1, 1986 Two studies of coping among community‐dwelling adults (N= 255,151) were used to examine the influence of personality on coping responses, the perceived effectiveness of coping mechanisms, and the effects of coping and personality on well‐being In both stud ... Full text Cite

Evaluating comprehensiveness in personality systems: The California Q‐Set and the five‐factor model

Journal Article Journal of Personality · January 1, 1986 The analysis of natural language trait names and questionnaire scales has suggested that the five factors of Neuroticism, Extroversion, Openness, Agreeable‐ness, and Conscientiousness constitute an adequate taxonomy of personality An alternative approach t ... Full text Cite

Age, personality, and the Holtzman Inkblot Technique.

Journal Article Int J Aging Hum Dev · 1986 Recent longitudinal studies using personality questionnaires and ratings have shown remarkable stability across the adult years. In an investigation of age changes and differences in personality as measured by the Holtzman Inkblot Technique (HIT), ninety-t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Personality stability and its implications for clinical psychology

Journal Article Clinical Psychology Review · January 1, 1986 Over the past decade, a series of longitudinal studies have demonstrated that personality traits are stable in adulthood: There are no age-related shifts in mean levels, and individuals maintain very similar rank ordering on traits after intervals of up to ... Full text Cite

Social learning influences on menstrual symptoms and illness behavior.

Journal Article Health Psychol · 1986 The contribution of learning to the adult experience of illness was investigated by asking 351 nursing students how their mothers reacted to menstrual symptoms and cold symptoms during their adolescence and how their mothers behaved when they themselves ha ... Full text Link to item Cite

Correlations of MMPI factor scales with measures of the five factor model of personality.

Journal Article J Pers Assess · 1986 Two recent item factor analyses of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) classified the resulting factors according to a conceptual scheme offered by Norman's (1963) five factor model. The present article empirically evaluates those classi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of age, hypertension history, and neuroticism on health perceptions.

Journal Article Exp Gerontol · 1986 The effects of measured blood pressure, history of hypertension diagnosis, age, and neuroticism on number of somatic complaints and self-rated health were examined in a sample of 970 non-health-care-seeking adult men and women. Significant differences in n ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cynicism and paranoid alienation in the Cook and Medley HO Scale.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · 1986 Factor analysis of responses from 1002 men and women were used to define two subscales of the Cook and Medley Hostility Scale. Both the Cynicism and the Paranoid Alienation subscale described attitudes of mistrust and alienation, and both were correlated w ... Full text Link to item Cite

Updating Norman's "Adequate Taxonomy": intelligence and personality dimensions in natural language and in questionnaires.

Journal Article J Pers Soc Psychol · September 1985 Research on the dimensions of personality represented in the English language has repeatedly led to the identification of five factors (Norman, 1963). An alternative classification of personality traits, based on analyses of standardized questionnaires, is ... Full text Link to item Cite

Content and Comprehensiveness in the MMPI. An Item Factor Analysis in a Normal Adult Sample

Journal Article Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · April 1, 1985 The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) has become the most widely used instrument for personality measurement, although it was designed primarily to aid in the diagnosis of psychopathology. Several hundred research scales have been derived ... Full text Cite

A behavioral analysis of chest pain in patients suspected of having coronary artery disease.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · 1985 A group of 83 men and women who had been referred to Johns Hopkins Hospital for cardiac catheterization for evaluation of chest pain and possible coronary artery bypass surgery were assessed behaviorally for their chest pains. During the approximately 2-we ... Full text Link to item Cite

The relation of chest pain symptoms to angiographic findings of coronary artery stenosis and neuroticism.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · 1985 The present article examines the relations among self-reported and physician-estimated chest pain variables to angiographically determined coronary stenosis (CAD) and neuroticism scores. Six of the 48 chest pain variables were significantly related to coro ... Full text Link to item Cite

Does the Illness Behavior Questionnaire measure abnormal illness behavior?

Journal Article Health Psychol · 1985 Abnormal illness behavior (AIB) has been proposed as a construct measuring the inappropriate or maladaptive modes of responding to one's state of health, and the Illness Behavior Questionnaire (BQ; Pilowsky, 1975) was designed to measure this construct. Pr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comparison of EPI and psychoticism scales with measures of the five-factor model of personality

Journal Article Personality and Individual Differences · January 1, 1985 The need for a comprehensive model of personality traits acceptable to the entire community of personality researches has often been acknowledged. In this article, two such models are compared. Eysenck scales measuring neuroticism, extraversion, psychotici ... Full text Cite

Personality and vocational interests in an adult sample

Journal Article Journal of Applied Psychology · August 1, 1984 Examined the relations between vocational typology developed by the 3rd author (1966, 1973) and the neuroticism-extraversion-openness (NEO) model of personality presented by the 1st 2 authors (1980) among 217 males and 144 females, aged 21-89 yrs. Young an ... Full text Cite

Personality is Transcontextual

Journal Article Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · June 1984 Based on his experience with TAT measures, Veroff (1983) has proposed that personality must be defined within historical, developmental, and social contexts. Several alternative interpretations of his results are offered, and it is argued that cont ... Full text Cite

Influence of life event stress on physical illness: substantive effects or methodological flaws?

Journal Article J Pers Soc Psychol · April 1984 This study tests the hypothesis that the reported relationship between life event stress and physical illness is primarily a function of criterion and other content contamination in the stress measure. In particular, conventional life event measures includ ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sodium handling by aging human parotid glands is inconsistent with a two-stage secretion model.

Journal Article Am J Physiol · January 1984 Sodium handling by stimulated human parotid glands was evaluated in male and female subjects across the adult life-span. Young adults secreted more sodium in saliva than their middle-aged and older counterparts. To assess the extent of ductal sodium reabso ... Full text Link to item Cite

Social desirability scales: More substance than style

Journal Article Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · December 1, 1983 Many psychologists still regard correlations with social desirability (SD) scales as evidence of the invalidity of measures, despite 20 yrs of research showing that this interpretation is usually unjustified. Although items or scales may be characterized a ... Full text Cite

Aging Research Comes of Age

Journal Article Contemporary Psychology: A Journal of Reviews · December 1983 Full text Cite

Contribution of personality research to an understanding of stress and aging

Journal Article Marriage and Family Review · April 27, 1983 Full text Cite

Psychological maturity and subjective well-being: Toward a new synthesis

Journal Article Developmental Psychology · March 1, 1983 Tested the hypothesis of H. Alker and F. Gawin (see record 1979-28338-001) that happiness is higher among more psychologically mature individuals and that happiness is qualitatively different for individuals of different levels of maturity. The Loevinger S ... Full text Cite

Editor’s introduction: The varieties of well being

Journal Article Experimental Aging Research · January 1, 1983 Full text Cite

Joint factors in self-reports and ratings: Neuroticism, extraversion and openness to experience

Journal Article Personality and Individual Differences · January 1, 1983 Although most dimensional theories of personality assume that the same traits can be assessed in either ratings or self-reports, joint factor analyses of data from these two methods have seldom provided clear evidence in support of this position. Previous ... Full text Cite

EXPERIMENTAL-PSYCHOLOGY AND HUMAN AGING - KAUSLER,DH

Journal Article CONTEMPORARY PSYCHOLOGY · 1983 Full text Link to item Cite

Social desirability scales: More substance than style.

Journal Article Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · 1983 Full text Cite

An approach to the attribution of aging, period, and cohort effects

Journal Article Psychological Bulletin · July 1, 1982 To extricate the inherently confounded factors of maturation, cultural change, and generational differences, life-span methodologists have proposed a variety of analytic designs and interpretative decision rules. Recent critiques have shown that the propos ... Full text Cite

Reproductive hormones in aging men. II. Basal pituitary gonadotropins and gonadotropin responses to luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone.

Journal Article J Clin Endocrinol Metab · March 1982 Although basal serum LH and FSH levels have been shown to increase with age in men, there is evidence that aging may impair pituitary gonadotropin secretion to some extent. We have measured serum LH and FSH before and after the iv injection of 100 microgra ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evaluation of pituitary gonadotropic function in men: value of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone response versus basal luteinizing hormone level for discrimination of diagnosis.

Journal Article J Clin Endocrinol Metab · January 1982 We examined the serum LH response to LRH in 40 normal men and 38 men with various forms of gonadal dysfunction in an attempt to determine whether the LH response to LRH was more useful than the basal LH level alone for categorizing pathophysiological subgr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Neuroticism, coronary artery disease, and chest pain complaints: Cross-sectional and longitudinal studies

Journal Article Experimental Aging Research · January 1, 1982 Cardiovascular disease increases with age, but some of the factors thought to be related to CAD, including the personality disposition of neuroticism, show a pattern of lifelong stability. In the present paper, chest pain reports and other CAD symptoms are ... Full text Cite

Self-concept and the stability of personality: Cross-sectional comparisons of self-reports and ratings

Journal Article Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · January 1, 1982 Examined the hypothesis that in normal individuals the self-concept is crystallized in early adulthood. If so, then self-report assessments would show great stability despite radical changes in personality or characteristic behavior. The use of spouse rati ... Full text Cite

Personal adjustment to aging: longitudinal prediction from neuroticism and extraversion.

Journal Article J Gerontol · January 1981 Personal adjustment to aging as measured by scales from the Chicago Attitude Inventory (CAI) was examined longitudinally in a community-dwelling sample of 557 men aged 17 to 97. Concurrent and predictive relations between this age-appropriate measure of we ... Full text Link to item Cite

Stress, smoking motives, and psychological well-being: The illusory benefits of smoking

Journal Article Advances in Behaviour Research and Therapy · January 1, 1981 Although the deleterious physical effects of smoking have long been documented, smokers often claim that there are compensatory psychological benefits which accompany the use of cigarettes for sedation or pleasure. This paper summarizes a series of studies ... Full text Cite

Openness to experience and ego level in Loevinger's Sentence Completion Test: Dispositional contributions to developmental models of personality

Journal Article Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · December 1, 1980 Sentence completion responses of a sample of 240 adult males, ages 35-80 yrs, were scored for the J. Loevinger et al (1970) ego development levels. Correlation of these scores with a series of objective personality trait measures collected over a 9-mo peri ... Full text Cite

Relationship of parotid saliva flow rate and composition with personality traits in healthy men.

Journal Article Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol · November 1980 A number of studies have investigated the relationship between parotid saliva flow rate and clinical depression. However, no comprehensive study of the intercorrelations between parotid gland secretion and normal personality traits has been reported. The s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Constancy of adult personality structure in males: longitudinal, cross-sectional and times-of-measurement analyses.

Journal Article J Gerontol · November 1980 Constancy or change in adult personality organization can be assessed by comparing the factor structure of personality instruments at different ages, and some studies have reported cross-sectional differences in structure. The present study compares the fa ... Full text Link to item Cite

Predictors of weight change following smoking cessation.

Journal Article Int J Addict · October 1980 Smoking behavior and weight change over a 5-year period were studied in 1,749 adult males of the Normative Aging Study. While men who quit smoking generally gained more weight than those in other smoking categories, 36% either lost weight or maintained the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Somatic complaints in males as a function of age and neuroticism: a longitudinal analysis.

Journal Article J Behav Med · September 1980 Previous research has shown that both age and neuroticism are correlated with total scores on self-report health inventories; the present study concerns the influence of these two factors on reports of physical complaints in various bodily systems. Six- an ... Full text Link to item Cite

Smoking motive factors: a review and replication.

Journal Article Int J Addict · May 1980 A review of recent research shows that some consensus on the number, nature, and function of smoking motives or styles is emerging. Large-scales studies on the stability of motives and the utility of the smoking motive model, however, have not yet been rep ... Full text Link to item Cite

Influence of extraversion and neuroticism on subjective well-being: happy and unhappy people.

Journal Article J Pers Soc Psychol · April 1980 Three studies are reported that examine the relations between personality and happiness or subjective well-being. It is argued that (a) one set of traits influences positive affect or satisfaction, whereas a different set of traits influences negative affe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cigarette smoking, aging, and decline in pulmonary function: A longitudinal study.

Journal Article Arch Environ Health · 1980 Three serial spirometric determinations of forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1.0) were performed during a 10-yr period for 268 adult male cigarette smokers, 181 quitters, and 254 who had never smoked. Smokers were furthe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Enduring dispositions in adult males

Journal Article Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · January 1, 1980 Retest coefficients for temperamental traits measured by the Guilford-Zimmerman Temperament Survey were assessed at 6- and 12-yr intervals to determine the degree of stability in personality and to evaluate the hypotheses that (a) younger men will show low ... Full text Cite

Influence of extraversion and neuroticism on subjective well-being: Happy and unhappy people.

Journal Article Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · 1980 Full text Cite

Enduring dispositions in adult males.

Journal Article Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · 1980 Full text Cite

Anxiety, extraversion and smoking.

Journal Article Br J Soc Clin Psychol · September 1978 In previous large-scale studies, smoking has been found to be associated either with extraversion or anxiety, though not both. Using a large population of adult American males, anxiety and extraversion scores were examined in groups of never smokers, forme ... Full text Link to item Cite

Remembering the person: relations of individual difference variables to memory.

Journal Article Exp Aging Res · August 1978 Individual differences in personality and temperament variables were examined in relation to measures of simple mental performance in an attempt to determine the effects of personality on cognitive functioning in the elderly. Shorter latencies in binary de ... Full text Link to item Cite

Psychiatric symptom dimensions in the Cornell Medical Index among normal adult males.

Journal Article J Clin Psychol · October 1977 Factor analysis of items from the psychiatric portion of the Cornell Medical Index (CMI) was performed to determine the empirical symptom dimensions in a sample of 1682 normal adult males. Six factors were extracted and interpreted as Irritability, Inabili ... Link to item Cite

Personological interpretation of factors from the Strong Vocational Interest Blank Scales

Journal Article Journal of Vocational Behavior · January 1, 1977 A principal axis factor analysis of the 58 occupational and nonoccupational scales of Form T of the Strong Vocational Interest Blank was performed using the data of 1068 males representing a wide range of age and socioeconomic status groups. Five factors, ... Full text Cite

Cigarette smoking and longitudinal decline in pulmonary functioning

Journal Article Gerontologist · January 1, 1977 Cite

Psychological perspectives on death.

Journal Article Annu Rev Psychol · 1977 Full text Link to item Cite

Age differences in personality structure revisited: Studies in validity, stability, and change.

Journal Article Int J Aging Hum Dev · 1977 Construct validity and longitudinal stability evidence for three cluster dimensions of personality identified as Anxiety, Extraversion, and Openness is examined in a sample of adult males. Correlations with Allport-Vernon-Lindsay Value scales, Cornell Medi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Relations of age and personality dimensions to cognitive ability factors.

Journal Article J Gerontol · November 1976 The relation between three cognitive ability factors - Information Processing Ability (IPA), Manual Dexterity (MD), and Pattern Analysis Capability (PAC) - and three personality dimensions - Anxiety, Extraversion, and Openness to Experience - were examined ... Full text Link to item Cite

Age differences in personality structure: a cluster analytic approach.

Journal Article J Gerontol · September 1976 A cluster analytic approach was used to determine possible age differences in the structure of personality as measured by the Cattell Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire. Subjects were 969 adult male volunteers, originally divided into three groups: 2 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Longitudinal change in preferred age of retirement

Journal Article Journal of Occupational Psychology · January 1, 1976 It has been observed that among workers there is an inverse relationship between the proximity of retirement and its attractiveness. This study analysed the longitudinal change, over the ten years between two sampling times T1 and T2, ... Full text Cite

Age, anxiety, and self-reported health.

Journal Article Int J Aging Hum Dev · 1976 A sample of 472 normal males ranging in age from twenty-five to eighty-two was divided into anxious and adjusted groups on the basis of a cluster analysis of the Cattell 16PF test, and compared for scores on a self-report measure of health. While the anxio ... Full text Link to item Cite

Age, smoking inhalation, and pulmonary function.

Journal Article Arch Environ Health · October 1975 This study examined the relative effects of age and smoking on pulmonary function. Smoking was measured by six smoking variables, taken singly and as a composite. Subjects were 1,516 male participants in the Normative Aging Study. A stepwise multiple regre ... Full text Link to item Cite

ONWARD IF NOT UPWARD

Journal Article AGING AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT · 1970 Link to item Cite