Journal ArticleBiomedicines · February 8, 2023
Synaptic dysfunction may underlie the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD), a presently incurable condition characterized by motor and cognitive symptoms. Here, we used quantitative proteomics to study the role of PHD Finger Protein 8 (PHF8), a hist ...
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Journal ArticleBiomedicines · August 11, 2022
The immediate early gene Arc is a master regulator of synaptic function and a critical determinant of memory consolidation. Here, we show that Arc interacts with dynamic chromatin and closely associates with histone markers for active enhancers and transcr ...
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Journal ArticleeNeuro · November 12, 2021
The activity-dependent expression of immediate-early genes (IEGs) has been utilised to label memory traces. However, their roles in engram specification are incompletely understood. Outstanding questions remain as to whether expression of IEGs can interpla ...
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Journal ArticleACS Biomater Sci Eng · January 11, 2021
Advances in the development of three-dimensional (3D) brain organoids maintained in vitro have provided excellent opportunities to study brain development and neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, there remains a need to ...
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Journal ArticleeNeuro · 2020
Humans have a large capacity of recognition memory (Dudai, 1997), a fundamental property of higher-order brain functions such as abstraction and generalization (Vogt and Magnussen, 2007). Familiarity is the first step towards recognition memory. We have pr ...
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Journal ArticleJ Cent Nerv Syst Dis · 2019
BACKGROUND: Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measuring fractional anisotropy (FA) and axial diffusivity (AD) may be a useful biomarker for monitoring changes in white matter after stroke, but its associations with upper-limb ...
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Journal ArticleSingapore Med J · October 2017
INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a combination of levodopa and virtual reality (VR)-based therapy for the enhancement of upper limb recovery following acute stroke. METHODS: This was a pilot single-blinded case series o ...
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Journal ArticleStem Cell Reports · April 11, 2017
Although mutations in several genes with diverse functions have been known to cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), it is unknown to what extent causal mutations impinge on common pathways that drive motor neuron (MN)-specific neurodegeneration. In th ...
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Journal ArticleeNeuro · 2017
Humans instantly recognize a previously seen face as "familiar." To deepen our understanding of familiarity-novelty detection, we simulated biologically plausible neural network models of generic cortical microcircuits consisting of spiking neurons with ra ...
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Journal ArticlePLoS One · 2017
Bacopa monnieri is a plant used as a nootropic in Ayurveda, a 5000-year-old system of traditional Indian medicine. Although both animal and clinical studies supported its role as a memory enhancer, the molecular and cellular mechanism underlying Bacopa's n ...
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Journal ArticleBMC Genomics · October 4, 2016
BACKGROUND: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that are emerging as important post-transcriptional regulators of neuronal and synaptic development. The precise impact of miRNAs on presynaptic function and neurotransmission remains, however, poorl ...
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Journal ArticleCell Rep · June 14, 2016
The fact that Parkinson's disease (PD) can arise from numerous genetic mutations suggests a unifying molecular pathology underlying the various genetic backgrounds. To address this hypothesis, we took an integrated approach utilizing in vitro disease model ...
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Journal ArticleMol Biol Cell · March 1, 2016
Cellular functions of the Golgi are determined by the unique distribution of its resident proteins. Currently, electron microscopy is required for the localization of a Golgi protein at the sub-Golgi level. We developed a quantitative sub-Golgi localizatio ...
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Journal ArticleNeurotherapeutics · April 2015
Rett syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder that usually arises from mutations or deletions in methyl-CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2), a transcriptional regulator that affects neuronal development and maturation without causing cell loss. Here, we show th ...
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Journal ArticleJ Neurosci · March 4, 2015
The ability to process complex spatiotemporal information is a fundamental process underlying the behavior of all higher organisms. However, how the brain processes information in the temporal domain remains incompletely understood. We have explored the sp ...
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Journal ArticleFrontiers in cellular neuroscience · January 2015
Mutations in the human X-linked gene MECP2 are responsible for most Rett syndrome (RTT) cases, predominantly within its methyl-CpG-binding domain (MBD). To examine the role of MBD in the pathogenesis of RTT, we generated two MeCP2 mutant constructs, one wi ...
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Journal ArticleFront Integr Neurosci · 2015
In both humans and animals brief synchronizing bursts of epileptiform activity known as interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) can, even in the absence of overt seizures, cause transient cognitive impairments (TCI) that include problems with perception ...
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Journal ArticleeNeuro · 2015
Chromatin modification is an important epigenetic mechanism underlying neuroplasticity. Histone methylation and acetylation have both been shown to modulate gene expression, but the machinery responsible for mediating these changes in neurons has remained ...
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Journal ArticleeNeuro · 2014
Arc is an immediate-early gene whose genetic ablation selectively abrogates long-term memory, indicating a critical role in memory consolidation. Although Arc protein is found at synapses, it also localizes to the neuronal nucleus, where its function is le ...
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Journal ArticleNeural Netw · February 2013
The Liquid State Machine (LSM) is a biologically plausible computational neural network model for real-time computing on time-varying inputs, whose structure and function were inspired by the properties of neocortical columns in the central nervous system ...
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Journal ArticleJ Neurosci · January 30, 2013
Short-term memory refers to the ability to store small amounts of stimulus-specific information for a short period of time. It is supported by both fading and hidden memory processes. Fading memory relies on recurrent activity patterns in a neuronal networ ...
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Journal ArticleAdvances in Artificial Neural Systems · October 10, 2012
This paper presents a deterministic and adaptive spike model derived from radial basis functions
and a leaky integrate-and-fire sampler developed for training spiking neural networks without direct
weight manipulation. Several algorithms have been ...
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Journal ArticleLab Chip · October 7, 2012
Metastasis is the main cause of cancer mortality. During this process, cancer cells dislodge from a primary tumor, enter the circulation and form secondary tumors in distal organs. It is poorly understood how these cells manage to cross the tight syncytium ...
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ConferenceProceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems MEMS · May 7, 2012
Metastasis of cancer cell was studied using microfluidic device. Migration of cells in the microchannel array mimics their transmigration in tissue capillaries during in vivo metastasis. Details of the morphological changes were recorded through high resol ...
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Journal ArticleProceedings of the 16th International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life Sciences Microtas 2012 · January 1, 2012
This paper reports a microfluidic platform for culturing neuronal networks and the study of axonal protein trafficking. The device consists of cultural microchambers connected by microchannel array. Molecular biological methods were used to express fluores ...
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Journal ArticleProceedings of the 16th International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life Sciences Microtas 2012 · January 1, 2012
In this paper, we present a microfluidic platform for the study of cancer cell transmigration and anti-cancer drug screening. The device consists of an array of microchannels with dimensions close to the capillaries on the cellular barriers, while a thin g ...
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Journal ArticleFront Comput Neurosci · 2012
Experimental studies of neuronal cultures have revealed a wide variety of spiking network activity ranging from sparse, asynchronous firing to distinct, network-wide synchronous bursting. However, the functional mechanisms driving these observed firing pat ...
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Journal ArticlePLoS One · 2012
L-aspartate α-decarboxylase (ADC) belongs to a class of pyruvoyl dependent enzymes and catalyzes the conversion of aspartate to β-alanine in the pantothenate pathway, which is critical for the growth of several micro-organisms, including Mycobacterium tube ...
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ConferenceProceedings of the International Joint Conference on Neural Networks · January 1, 2010
Music Information Retrieval (MIR) is an interdisciplinary field that facilitates indexing and content-based organization of music databases. Music classification and clustering is one of the major topics in MIR. Music can be defined as 'organized sound'. T ...
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Journal ArticleSingapore General Hospital Proceedings · December 1, 2009
Introduction: N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are glutamate-gated ion channels that play key roles in processes underlying learning and memory. NMDA receptor dysfunction is thought to contribute to virtually every major neurological disorder, includi ...
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Journal ArticleProceedings of the International Joint Conference on Neural Networks · November 24, 2008
Spiking neural networks have been shown capable of simulating sigmoidal artificial neural networks providing promising evidence that they too are universal function approximators. Spiking neural networks offer several advantages over sigmoidal networks, be ...
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Journal ArticleMol Pharmacol · August 2008
N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors play a critical role in both development of the central nervous system and adult neuroplasticity. However, although the NMDA receptor presents a valuable therapeutic target, the relationship between its structure and f ...
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Journal ArticleJ Biol Chem · August 1, 2008
Although the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor plays a critical role in the central nervous system, many questions remain regarding the relationship between its structure and functional properties. In particular, the involvement of ligand-binding domain ...
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Journal ArticleJ Biol Chem · January 4, 2008
Arc/Arg3.1 is an immediate early gene whose expression is necessary for the late-phase of long-term potentiation (LTP) and memory consolidation. Whereas pathways regulating Arc transcription have been extensively investigated, less is known about the role ...
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Book · January 1, 2008
The NMDA receptor plays a critical role in the development of the central nervous system and in adult neuroplasticity, learning, and memory. Therefore, it is not surprising that this receptor has been widely studied. However, despite the importance of rhyt ...
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Chapter · January 1, 2008
NMDA receptors (NMDARs) are glutamate-gated cation channels with high calcium permeability that play important roles in many aspects of the biology of higher organisms. They are critical for the development of the central nervous system (CNS), generation o ...
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Journal ArticleBrain Res · June 11, 2007
Activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (Arc/Arg3.1) is an immediate early gene, whose expression in the central nervous system is induced by specific patterns of synaptic activity. Arc is required for the late-phase of long-term potentiation (L ...
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Journal ArticlePflugers Arch · March 2006
K+ channels achieve exquisite ion selectivity without jeopardizing efficient permeation by employing multiple, interacting K+-binding sites. Introduction ofa cadmium (Cd2+)-binding site in the external vestibule of Kv2.1 (drk1), allowed us to functionally ...
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Journal ArticleJ Neurosci · October 12, 2005
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Abnormalities in dendritic spines have long been associated with cognitive dysfunction and neurodevelopmental delay, whereas rapid changes in spine shape underlie synaptic plasticity. The key regulators of cytoskeletal reorganization in dendrites and spine ...
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Journal ArticleJ Gen Physiol · August 2005
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Voltage-gated K channels assemble from four identical subunits symmetrically arranged around a central permeation pathway. Each subunit harbors a voltage-sensing domain. The sigmoidal nature of the activation kinetics suggests that multiple sensors need to ...
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Journal ArticleEur J Neurosci · March 2005
Maintenance of synaptic plasticity requires protein translation. Because changes in synaptic strength are regulated at the level of individual synapses, a mechanism is required for newly translated proteins to specifically and persistently modify only a su ...
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Journal ArticlePediatr Res · September 2004
Juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (JNCL) is due to mutations in the CLN3 gene. We previously determined that CLN3 protein harbors a highly conserved motif, VYFAE, necessary for its impact on cell growth and apoptosis. Using molecular modeling we demo ...
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Journal ArticleBrain Res Mol Brain Res · August 23, 2004
Protein transport to and from the postsynaptic plasma membrane is thought to be of central importance for synaptic plasticity. However, the molecular details of such processes are poorly understood. One mechanism by which membrane and secretory proteins ma ...
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Journal ArticleMol Pharmacol · August 2004
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The interaction of an agonist with its receptor can be characterized by two fundamental properties, affinity and efficacy. Affinity defines how tightly the agonist associates with its receptor, and efficacy measures the ability of the bound ligand to activ ...
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Journal ArticleBrain Res Mol Brain Res · May 19, 2004
Spinophilin/neurabin II is an actin-associated scaffolding protein enriched in the dendritic spines of neurons. Previously, the actin-binding domain (ABD) of spinophilin was localized to a domain between amino acids (aa) 1 and 154. In a mass spectrometry s ...
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Journal ArticleProc Natl Acad Sci U S A · March 2, 2004
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A universal property of ion channels is their ability to alternate stochastically between two permeation states, open and closed. This behavior is thought to be controlled by a steric "gate", a structure that physically impedes ion flow in the closed state ...
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Journal ArticleNeurosignals · 2004
Because NMDA receptors play critical roles in both neuronal survival and plasticity, their expression levels need to be carefully controlled. The number of functional NMDA receptors is temporally and spatially regulated at a hierarchy of levels, from gene ...
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Journal ArticleHum Mol Genet · September 1, 2002
Juvenile Batten disease (JNCL) is an autosomal recessive disease that results from mutations in the CLN3 gene. The wild-type CLN3 gene coding sequence has 15 exons, and the translated protein consists of 438 amino acids. The most commonly observed mutation ...
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Journal ArticleJ Neurosci · March 15, 2002
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Ion channels alternate stochastically between two functional states, open and closed. This gating behavior is controlled by membrane potential or by the binding of neurotransmitters in voltage- and ligand-gated channels, respectively. Although much progres ...
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Journal ArticleJ Physiol · January 1, 2001
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Cells maintain a negative resting membrane potential through the constitutive activity of background K+ channels. A novel multigene family of such K+ channels has recently been identified. A unique characteristic of these K+ channels is the presence of two ...
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Journal ArticleMol Cell Neurosci · September 2000
Abl-interactor (Abi) proteins are targets of Abl-family nonreceptor tyrosine kinases and are required for Rac-dependent cytoskeletal reorganization in response to growth factor stimulation. We asked if the expression, phosphorylation, and cellular localiza ...
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Journal ArticleBrain Res Mol Brain Res · November 10, 1999
Alanine 714 of the NMDA receptor NR1 subunit resides in the glycine binding pocket. The Ala714Leu mutation substantially shifts glycine affinity, but here no effect on antagonism by DCK is detected. Ala714Leu is also found to limit the efficacy of a partia ...
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Journal ArticleJ Biol Chem · February 7, 1997
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While attempting to map a central region in the M3-M4 linker of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor NR1 subunit, we found that mutation of a single position, Ala-714, greatly reduced the apparent affinity for glycine. Proximal N-glycosylation localized this ...
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Journal ArticleBiophys J · February 1997
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Ion permeation and channel opening are two fundamental properties of ion channels, the molecular bases of which are poorly understood. Channels can exist in two permeability states, open and closed. The relative amount of time a channel spends in the open ...
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Journal ArticleBiophys J · January 1997
The pore of potassium channels is lined by four identical, highly conserved hairpin loops, symmetrically arranged around a central permeation pathway. Introduction of cysteines into the external mouth of the drk1 K channel pore resulted in the formation of ...
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Journal ArticleJ Biol Chem · April 5, 1996
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The N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor plays a central role in such phenomena as long term potentiation and excitotoxicity. This importance in defining both function and viability suggests that neurons must carefully control their expression of NMDA rece ...
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Journal ArticleBiophys J · March 1996
A new algorithm is presented for idealizing single channel data containing any number of conductance levels. The number of levels and their amplitudes do not have to be known a priori. No assumption has to be made about the behavior of the channel, other t ...
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Journal ArticleProc Natl Acad Sci U S A · May 23, 1995
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Single channel recordings demonstrate that ion channels switch stochastically between an open and a closed pore conformation. In search of a structural explanation for this universal open/close behavior, we have uncovered a striking degree of amino acid ho ...
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Journal ArticleMol Pharmacol · August 1991
Tetraethylammonium (TEA) is a small ion that is thought to block open K+ channels by binding either to an internal or to an external site. For this reason, it has been used to probe the ion conduction pathway or pore of K+ channel mutants and a K+ channel ...
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Journal ArticleJ Bioenerg Biomembr · August 1991
Heterotrimeric G3 proteins are though to couple receptors to ionic channels via cytoplasmic mediators such as cGMP in the case of retinal rods, cAMP in the case of olfactory cells, and the cAMP cascade in the case of cardiac myocytes. G protein-mediated se ...
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Journal ArticleNeuron · October 1990
Voltage-dependent ion channels are thought to consist of a highly conserved repeated core of six transmembrane segments, flanked by more variable cytoplasmic domains. Significant functional differences exist among related types of K+ channels. These differ ...
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Journal ArticleEur J Pharmacol · August 2, 1990
The influence of the anti-epileptic drug, valproate, on K conductance (gK) was investigated in voltage-clamped Ranvier nodes of Xenopus laevis. A double pulse method was used in order to eliminate the effect of accumulation of potassium ions in the perinod ...
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Journal ArticleAm J Physiol · April 1990
The mechanism by which the beta-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol (ISO) modulates voltage-dependent cardiac Na+ currents (INa) was studied in single ventricular myocytes of neonatal rat using the gigaseal patch-clamp technique. ISO inhibited INa reversibly, ...
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Journal ArticleNeuron · February 1990
We investigated the kinetics of rat brain type III Na+ currents expressed in Xenopus oocytes. We found distinct patterns of fast and slow gating. Fast gating was characterized by bursts of longer openings. Traces with slow gating occurred in runs with life ...
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Journal ArticleBrain Res Mol Brain Res · February 1990
Sodium (Na+) channels are members of a multigene family and are responsible for generation and propagation of the action potential in excitable cells. We have assembled, in a transcription-competent vector, a full-length cDNA clone encoding the rat brain t ...
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Journal ArticleBr J Clin Pharmacol · 1990
1. Four questions raised by previous studies that had shown activation of K+ channels by alpha subunits of the type 3 Gi protein are addressed in the present communication: a) are K+ channels specific for one Gi? b) are there more ionic channels under dire ...
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Journal ArticleNature · August 24, 1989
Voltage-activated potassium channels play an important part in the control of excitability in nerve and muscle. Different K+ channels are involved in establishing the resting potential, determining the duration of action potentials, modulation of transmitt ...
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Journal ArticleScience · August 4, 1989
The signaling pathways by which beta-adrenergic agonists modulate voltage-dependent cardiac sodium currents are unknown, although it is likely that adenosine 3'5'-monophosphate (cAMP) is involved. Single-channel and whole-cell sodium currents were measured ...
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Journal ArticleScience · December 9, 1988
Potassium channels in neurons are linked by guanine nucleotide binding (G) proteins to numerous neurotransmitter receptors. The ability of Go, the predominant G protein in the brain, to stimulate potassium channels was tested in cell-free membrane patches ...
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Journal ArticleExp Brain Res · 1987
The development of spontaneous bioelectric activity (SBA) was studied in dissociated occipital cortex cultures prepared from 19 day old rat fetuses. All cultures, recorded one per diem from 5 to 33 days in vitro (div), showed SBA. Computer analysis of 76 e ...
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Journal ArticleEpilepsia · 1986
Effects of the antiepileptic drug valproate on sodium and potassium currents in the nodal membrane of peripheral nerve fibers of Xenopus laevis were determined by voltage- and current-clamp experiments. Under voltage-clamp conditions, a reduction of both s ...
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Journal ArticleComparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A Physiology · January 1, 1984
1. I. The time course of the spontaneous discharge of Kryptopterus ampullary electroreceptors may change from regular to bursting upon impalement by a glass microelectrode. 2. 2. The burst duration is very constant relative to the interburst interval, duri ...
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