Scholars@Duke
David Michael Ashley

David Michael Ashley

Rory David Deutsch Distinguished Professor of Neuro-Oncology
Neurosurgery
david.ashley@duke.edu
DUMC 2600, Durham, NC 27710
203 Research Dr MSRB1, Box 2600, Durham, NC 27710

Selected Publications

Lymphotropic Virotherapy Induces DC and High Endothelial Venule Inflammation, Promoting the Antitumor Efficacy of Intratumor Virus Administration.

Journal Article Cancer Immunol Res · November 21, 2025 Tumor-draining lymph nodes are a pivotal site for antitumor T-cell priming. However, their mechanistic roles in cancer immune surveillance and immunotherapy response remain poorly defined. Intratumor (IT) virotherapy generates antitumor T-cell immunity thr ... Full text Link to item Cite

BIOM-72. INTEGRATIVE SINGLE-NUCLEI SPATIAL TRANSCRIPTOMIC PROFILING OF PRIMARY AND RECURRENT HUMAN IDH-WILDTYPE GLIOBLASTOMA REVEALS CELL-SPECIFIC EGFRVIII EXPRESSION AND ANXA1 SIGNALING AXIS

Conference Neuro-Oncology · November 11, 2025 AbstractThe World Health Organization provides clear criteria for diagnosing IDH1-wildtype glioblastoma (GBM), relying on traditional approaches to define pathoetiological features, genomic mutations, cop ... Full text Cite

TIP-25. Randomized phase 2 clinical trial of repeated intratumoral and cervical perilymphatic injections (CPLIs) of lerapolturev vs. lomustine in recurrent glioblastoma (rGBM): safety lead-in results

Conference Neuro-Oncology · November 11, 2025 AbstractBACKGROUNDLerapolturev is a modified, non-pathogenic version of the Sabin™ type 1 poliovirus vaccine that infects myelo ... Full text Cite

INNV-39. Response to next interventions after treatment with off-label ivosidenib in patients with mutant IDH low grade glioma

Conference Neuro-Oncology · November 11, 2025 AbstractThe introduction of mutant IDH inhibitors (mIDHi) has transformed the treatment landscape for patients with low-grade gliomas (LGG). However, optimal strategies for tumor control following progres ... Full text Cite

QOL-07. Vitamin B6 supplementation for levetiracetam-associated mood changes in patients with brain tumor-related epilepsy

Conference Neuro-Oncology · November 11, 2025 AbstractSeizures are a common and debilitating complication of primary brain tumors. Nearly 75% of low-grade and 25% of high-grade glioma patients experience seizures. Levetiracetam (LEV) is frequently us ... Full text Cite

BIOM-79. TARGETING FGFR ALTERATIONS IN GLIOMAS: A SINGLE-INSTITUTION CASE SERIES

Conference Neuro-Oncology · November 11, 2025 AbstractBACKGROUNDFibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) alterations are a potentially actionable target in various cancers, ... Full text Cite

BIOM-89. PI3K PATHWAY ALTERATIONS ARE DRIVERS OF PROGRESSION AND PREDICT WORSE OVERALL SURVIVAL IN NEWLY DIAGNOSED MOLECULARLY-DEFINED OLIGODENDROGLIOMA

Conference Neuro-Oncology · November 11, 2025 AbstractBACKGROUNDIdentification of biomarkers for overall survival (OS) in oligodendroglioma has proven challenging due to 1) ... Full text Cite

TIP-19. INTERROGATE-GBM Phase I trial: Immunotherapy peptide vaccine targeting cytomegalovirus (CMV) antigens in glioblastoma

Conference Neuro-Oncology · November 11, 2025 AbstractBACKGROUNDUpfront standard-of-care treatment for glioblastoma (GBM) has not evolved for two decades; prognosis remains ... Full text Cite

IMMU-07. Synergistic STING activation in meningioma neoplastic and immune populations triggers programmed necrosis and modulates the collagen-rich immunosuppressive microenvironment

Conference Neuro-Oncology · November 11, 2025 AbstractDespite recent progress in elucidating the molecular events underlying meningioma aggressiveness, there remain no established adjuvant therapies for tumors that are intractable to surgery and radi ... Full text Cite

EXTH-49. STING-induced blood-brain barrier opening in combination with radiation therapy potentiates anti-glioma immune and therapeutic activity monitored with [18F]-FLT PET

Conference Neuro-Oncology · November 11, 2025 AbstractRadiation therapy (RT) is the standard of care for glioblastoma but is not curative. Triggering the cGAS/STING pathway with potent agonists such as 8803 exerts marked monotherapeutic activity acro ... Full text Cite

DNAR-07. SMARCAL1 inhibition synergizes with TOP1 inhibitors to induce replication catastrophe and inflammation in ALT+ gliomas

Conference Neuro-Oncology · November 11, 2025 AbstractAlternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) is a homologous recombination-based mechanism of telomere maintenance that promotes replicative immortality. ALT is common in high-grade gliomas (HGGs) a ... Full text Cite

Clinical trial of feasibility for mindfulness intervention for patients with newly diagnosed high grade glioma.

Journal Article J Neurooncol · November 5, 2025 PURPOSE: With a bleak prognosis for malignant glioma, maintaining quality of life (QoL) and decreasing distress are essential in patient clinical care. Mindfulness meditation is a mind-body therapy that is being investigated as a non-pharmacological strate ... Full text Link to item Cite

A surgical window of opportunity trial evaluating the effect of the PCSK9 inhibitor evolocumab on tumoral MHC-I expression and CD8+ infiltration in glioma.

Journal Article Sci Rep · October 23, 2025 Many cancers evade immunosurveillance by downregulating surface major histocompatibility class (MHC)-I. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) promotes MHC-I degradation and is elevated in glioma. Evolocumab is a clinically approved PCSK9 in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Resilience and Vulnerabilities of Tumor Cells under Purine Shortage Stress.

Journal Article Clin Cancer Res · October 15, 2025 PURPOSE: Purine metabolism is a promising therapeutic target in cancer; however, how cancer cells respond to purine shortage, particularly their adaptation and vulnerabilities, remains unclear. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Using the recently developed purine short ... Full text Link to item Cite

OS04.3.A P30-EPS PEPTIDE VACCINE IS SAFE AND IMMUNOGENIC IN NEWLY DIAGNOSED GLIOBLASTOMA: A PHASE 1B TRIAL

Conference Neuro-Oncology · October 3, 2025 AbstractBACKGROUNDThe P30-EPS vaccine is a novel multi-epitope peptide immunotherapy targeting class I HLA-A2 epitopes of tumor-associ ... Full text Cite

OS05.2.A DECIPHERING THE LONGITUDINAL TRAJECTORIES OF GLIOBLASTOMA ECOSYSTEMS BY INTEGRATIVE SINGLE-CELL GENOMICS

Conference Neuro-Oncology · October 3, 2025 AbstractBACKGROUNDThe mechanisms governing the progression of IDH-wildtype glioblastoma (GBM) following standard-of-care therapy remai ... Full text Cite

KS01.6.A INTRATUMORAL IL-12/ANTI-PD-1 ONCOLYTIC HSV1 (MVR-C5252) IS SAFE AND IMMUNOACTIVE IN RECURRENT HIGH-GRADE GLIOMA: PRELIMINARY PHASE 1 RESULTS FROM A MULTICENTER MULTISTAGE CLINICAL TRIAL

Conference Neuro-Oncology · October 3, 2025 AbstractBACKGROUNDOncolytic viruses represent a promising immunotherapeutic strategy by combining direct tumor lysis with local immune ... Full text Cite

Comparing Knowledge and Perceptions of Palliative Care Among Neuro-Oncology Patients, Caregivers, and Providers to a Representative U.S. Sample

Conference American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine · September 1, 2025 Background: Primary brain tumors (PBTs) pose a significant health challenge, affecting patients and their caregivers. While early integration of palliative care (PC) has shown benefits in advanced cancer, its integration for PBT patients, particularly glio ... Full text Cite

A peptide vaccine targeting the CMV antigen pp65 in children and young adults with recurrent high-grade glioma and medulloblastoma: a phase 1 trial.

Journal Article Nat Cancer · September 2025 The human cytomegalovirus (CMV) antigen pp65 is expressed in high-grade glioma (HGG) and medulloblastoma but not in the adjacent brain. This single-arm phase 1 trial ( NCT03299309 ) assessed the safety and immunogenicity of a peptide vaccine (PEP-CMV) targ ... Full text Link to item Cite

Tumor-initiating genetics and therapy drive divergent molecular evolution in IDH-mutant gliomas.

Journal Article bioRxiv · July 15, 2025 Astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas are slow-growing and treatment-sensitive IDH-mutant gliomas diagnosed at ages 30-50. Local tumor regrowth and treatment resistance is inevitable resulting in 3-10 year astrocytoma and up to >20 years oligodendroglioma su ... Full text Link to item Cite

Disruption of ataxia telangiectasia-mutated kinase enhances radiation therapy efficacy in spatially directed diffuse midline glioma models.

Journal Article J Clin Invest · June 16, 2025 Diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs) are lethal brain tumors characterized by p53-inactivating mutations and oncohistone H3.3K27M mutations that rewire the cellular response to genotoxic stress. We used RCAS/tv-a retroviruses and Cre recombinase to inactivate p5 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Beyond DNA damage response: Immunomodulatory attributes of CHEK2 in solid tumors.

Journal Article Oncotarget · June 10, 2025 The CHEK2 gene serves a canonical role in the DNA damage response (DDR) pathway encoding the regulatory kinase CHK2 in the homologous recombination (HR) repair of double-strand breaks (DSB). Although CHEK2 is traditionally considered a tumor suppressor gen ... Full text Link to item Cite

Larotrectinib Use in A Patient with A Diffuse High-Grade Glioma with NTRK2 Fusion

Journal Article International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews · May 7, 2025 Full text Link to item Cite

Deciphering the longitudinal trajectories of glioblastoma ecosystems by integrative single-cell genomics.

Conference Nat Genet · May 2025 The evolution of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-wildtype glioblastoma (GBM) after standard-of-care therapy remains poorly understood. Here we analyzed matched primary and recurrent GBMs from 59 patients using single-nucleus RNA sequencing and bulk DNA sequ ... Full text Link to item Cite

Neoadjuvant triplet immune checkpoint blockade in newly diagnosed glioblastoma.

Journal Article Nat Med · May 2025 Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive primary adult brain tumor that rapidly recurs after standard-of-care treatments, including surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. While immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies have transformed outcomes in many tumor types ... Full text Link to item Cite

The multilayered transcriptional architecture of glioblastoma ecosystems.

Journal Article Nat Genet · May 2025 In isocitrate dehydrogenase wildtype glioblastoma (GBM), cellular heterogeneity across and within tumors may drive therapeutic resistance. Here we analyzed 121 primary and recurrent GBM samples from 59 patients using single-nucleus RNA sequencing and bulk ... Full text Link to item Cite

Lymphotropic Virotherapy Engages DC and High Endothelial Venule Inflammation to Mediate Cancer In Situ Vaccination.

Journal Article medRxiv · April 25, 2025 Intratumor (IT) inoculation of the rhino:poliovirus chimera, PVSRIPO, yielded objective radiographic responses with long-term survival in 20% of patients with recurrent glioblastoma (rGBM). PVSRIPO infects dendritic cells (DCs) and sets up non-cytopathogen ... Full text Link to item Cite

Abstract CT057: Evaluation of tumor associated P30-peptide antigen (ETAPA): Safety and immunogenicity in a phase 1b trial in glioblastoma

Conference Cancer Research · April 25, 2025 AbstractWe developed a novel peptide-based vaccine, P30-EPS, which combines the universal class II-binding P30 epitope derived from tetanus toxoid with HLA-A2:01 class I peptides from tumor-associated antige ... Full text Cite

Abstract CT056: A phase 1 study of intratumoral HSV1 co-expressing IL-12 and PD1 blocking antibody (MVR-C5252) in recurrent high-grade glioma

Conference Cancer Research · April 25, 2025 AbstractBackground:Recurrent glioblastomas (GBM) and other high-grade gliomas (HGG) have poor outcomes. Oncolytic viruses (OVs) offer ... Full text Cite

Resilience and vulnerabilities of tumor cells under purine shortage stress.

Journal Article bioRxiv · April 12, 2025 Purine metabolism is a promising therapeutic target in cancer; however how cancer cells respond to purine shortage,particularly their adaptation and vulnerabilities, remains unclear. Using the recently developed purine shortage-inducing prodrug DRP-104 and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comments and Controversies in Oncology: The Tribulations of Trials Developing ONC201.

Journal Article J Clin Oncol · December 10, 2024 Our international team highlights issues with efficacy reports in several studies on DMG with the new drug ONC201. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Taking the STING out of radiotherapy: STING checkpoints mediate radiation resistance.

Journal Article J Clin Invest · December 2, 2024 The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase/stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS/STING) pathway is a critical driver of type I interferon (IFN-I) and antitumor CD8+ T cell responses after radiotherapy (RT). In this issue of the JCI, two reports describe mechanisms that re ... Full text Link to item Cite

BIOM-66. GENOME-WIDE DNA METHYLATION PATTERNS IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD OF PATIENTS WITH GLIOBLASTOMA ENROLLED ON THE PHASE II VERTU TRIAL

Conference Neuro-Oncology · November 11, 2024 AbstractBACKGROUNDFor patients with glioblastoma, the identification of a non-invasive biomarker for longitudinal molecular profiling ... Full text Cite

CTIM-01. OUTCOMES AND IMMUNE RESPONSES AFTER PEPTIDE VACCINATION TARGETING HUMAN CYTOMEGALOVIRUS ANTIGEN PP65 IN CHILDREN AND YOUNG ADULTS WITH RECURRENT HIGH-GRADE GLIOMA AND MEDULLOBLASTOMA: RESULTS OF A PHASE 1 TRIAL

Conference Neuro-Oncology · November 11, 2024 AbstractINTRODUCTIONThe human cytomegalovirus (CMV) antigen pp65 is ubiquitously expressed in high-grade glioma (HGG) and medulloblast ... Full text Cite

IMMU-54. THERAPEUTIC TARGETING OF STING IN MENINGIOMAS

Conference Neuro-Oncology · November 11, 2024 AbstractUp to one-quarter of meningiomas recur within five years of resection; however, there are currently no established adjuvant therapies for lesions that are intractable to surgery and radiation. To ide ... Full text Cite

INNV-07. IVOSIDENIB AND BEVACIZUMAB IN HEAVILY PRETREATED PATIENTS WITH IDH1 MUTANT GLIOMAS

Conference Neuro-Oncology · November 11, 2024 AbstractIsocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) inhibitors are transforming the treatment of patients with non-enhancing IDH1 mutant gliomas that have only undergone surgical resection. Questions remain on the uti ... Full text Cite

INNV-31. THE USE OF IVOSIDENIB IN PATIENTS WITH ENHANCING IDH1 MUTANT GLIOMAS

Conference Neuro-Oncology · November 11, 2024 AbstractIvosidenib offers a novel targeted therapy for non-enhancing IDH1 mutated gliomas following initial resection. Potential effects of IDH inhibitors on enhancing disease in clinical settings are not we ... Full text Cite

INNV-37. REAL-WORLD OUTCOMES AMONG HIGH GRADE IDH1-MUTANT GLIOMA PATIENTS TREATED WITH AN IDH INHIBITOR

Conference Neuro-Oncology · November 11, 2024 AbstractBACKGROUNDIsocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) inhibitors are transforming the treatment of patients with non-enhancing grade 2 IDH- ... Full text Cite

NIMG-77. MRI PHENOMENON OF PUNCTATE ENHANCING LESIONS IN PATIENTS TREATED WITH IDH INHIBITORS

Conference Neuro-Oncology · November 11, 2024 AbstractBACKGROUNDMagnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) response assessment is essential in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutant gliomas a ... Full text Cite

IMMU-19. PRECLINICAL THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY AND PET IMAGING OF STING AGONIST 8803 IN GLIOBLASTOMA

Conference Neuro-Oncology · November 11, 2024 AbstractSTING (stimulator of interferon genes) activation triggers interferon (IFN) release within the tumor microenvironment from myeloid cells and other cell types, inducing proinflammatory anti-tumor immu ... Full text Cite

IMMU-37. PRE-TREATMENT INNATE INFLAMMATION ASSOCIATES WITH SURVIVAL AFTER POLIO VIROTHERAPY AND CAN BE MODULATED TO SENSITIZE GLIOMAS TO IN SITU VACCINATION

Conference Neuro-Oncology · November 11, 2024 AbstractEarly-stage clinical trials in glioblastoma (GBM) have tested various virotherapy strategies, yet only a subset of patients appear to benefit. We previously demonstrated that a recombinant poliovirus ... Full text Cite

BIOM-30. NOVEL HISTOLOGIC AND MOLECULAR BIOMARKERS FOR OLIGODENDROGLIOMA

Conference Neuro-Oncology · November 11, 2024 AbstractOligodendrogliomas are progressive, infiltrative gliomas. While new molecular criteria were introduced in 2016 for diagnosing oligodendroglioma, the grading criteria remains largely unchanged. We eva ... Full text Cite

TMOD-32. MURINE MODELLING OF THE STING PATHWAY IN GLIOMAS

Conference Neuro-Oncology · November 11, 2024 AbstractThe stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway is a critical component of innate antitumor immunity through the recognition of pathogenic cytosolic DNA and stimulating the production of type 1 in ... Full text Cite

P18.37.B REPEATED CONVECTION-ENHANCED DELIVERY (CED) INFUSION OF A POLIO/RHINOVIRUS RECOMBINANT (LERAPOLTUREV; LERA) IN RECURRENT GLIOBLASTOMA (RGBM) PATIENTS, FOLLOWED BY CERVICAL PERILYMPHATIC INJECTIONS OF LERA (LERA-CPLI)

Conference Neuro-Oncology · October 17, 2024 AbstractBACKGROUNDPhase 1 and 2 clinical trials of a single intratumoral injection of LERA (previously PVSRIPO) via CED into enhancing ... Full text Cite

A brave new framework for glioma drug development.

Journal Article Lancet Oncol · October 2024 Patients with brain tumours are motivated to participate in clinical trials involving repeat tissue sampling. Normalising the use of neoadjuvant and staged surgical trials necessitates collaboration among patients, regulatory agencies, and researchers. Ini ... Full text Link to item Cite

A real-world observation of patients with glioblastoma treated with a personalized peptide vaccine.

Journal Article Nat Commun · August 11, 2024 Current treatment outcome of patients with glioblastoma (GBM) remains poor. Following standard therapy, recurrence is universal with limited survival. Tumors from 173 GBM patients are analysed for somatic mutations to generate a personalized peptide vaccin ... Full text Link to item Cite

Resistance, rebound, and recurrence regrowth patterns in pediatric low-grade glioma treated by MAPK inhibition: A modified Delphi approach to build international consensus-based definitions-International Pediatric Low-Grade Glioma Coalition.

Journal Article Neuro Oncol · August 5, 2024 Pediatric low-grade glioma (pLGG) is the most common childhood brain tumor group. The natural history, when curative resection is not possible, is one of a chronic disease with periods of tumor stability and episodes of tumor progression. While there is a ... Full text Link to item Cite

QOL-38. PSYCHOSOCIAL OUTCOMES OF CHILDREN WITH DIFFUSE INTRINSIC PONTINE GLIOMA (DIPG) AND HIGH-GRADE GLIOMA (HGG) –PROSPECTIVE, LONGITUDINAL PROMIS ASSESSMENTS OF PATIENTS ENROLLED ON CONNECT PHASE I CLINICAL TRIALS

Conference Neuro-Oncology · June 18, 2024 AbstractINTRODUCTIONGiven poor prognoses, children with DIPG/HGG may experience psychosocial sequelae throughout their illness journey ... Full text Cite

HGG-40. UNRAVELING THE IMMUNOLOGIC VULNERABILITIES OF DIFFUSE HEMISPHERIC GLIOMA, H3 G34-MUTANT

Conference Neuro-Oncology · June 18, 2024 AbstractBACKGROUNDInsights into the pathogenesis of diffuse hemispheric glioma, H3 G34-mutant (DHG-G34), an incurable high-grade gliom ... Full text Cite

STING agonist 8803 reprograms the immune microenvironment and increases survival in preclinical models of glioblastoma.

Journal Article J Clin Invest · June 17, 2024 STING agonists can reprogram the tumor microenvironment to induce immunological clearance within the central nervous system. Using multiplexed sequential immunofluorescence (SeqIF) and the Ivy Glioblastoma Atlas, STING expression was found in myeloid popul ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Neo-Open Reading Frame Peptides That Comprise the Tumor Framome Are a Rich Source of Neoantigens for Cancer Immunotherapy.

Journal Article Cancer Immunol Res · June 4, 2024 Identification of immunogenic cancer neoantigens as targets for therapy is challenging. Here, we integrate the whole-genome and long-read transcript sequencing of cancers to identify the collection of neo-open reading frame peptides (NOP) expressed in tumo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mechanisms of telomere maintenance and associated therapeutic vulnerabilities in malignant gliomas.

Journal Article Neuro Oncol · June 3, 2024 A majority of cancers (~85%) activate the enzyme telomerase to maintain telomere length over multiple rounds of cellular division. Telomerase-negative cancers activate a distinct, telomerase-independent mechanism of telomere maintenance termed alternative ... Full text Link to item Cite

Spatial transcriptomics reveals segregation of tumor cell states in glioblastoma and marked immunosuppression within the perinecrotic niche.

Journal Article Acta Neuropathol Commun · April 22, 2024 Glioblastoma (GBM) remains an untreatable malignant tumor with poor patient outcomes, characterized by palisading necrosis and microvascular proliferation. While single-cell technology made it possible to characterize different lineage of glioma cells into ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Use, access, and initial outcomes of off-label ivosidenib in patients with IDH1 mutant glioma.

Journal Article Neurooncol Pract · April 2024 BACKGROUND: Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) is commonly mutated (mIDH) in gliomas, and this mutant enzyme produces the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG). 2HG promotes gliomagenesis and is implicated in epileptogenesis. Ivosidenib (IVO), a small molecu ... Full text Link to item Cite

The safety and accuracy of intratumoral catheter placement to infuse viral immunotherapies in children with malignant brain tumors: a multi-institutional study.

Journal Article J Neurosurg Pediatr · April 1, 2024 OBJECTIVE: Relatively little is known about the safety and accuracy of catheter placement for oncolytic viral therapy in children with malignant brain tumors. Accordingly, this study combines data from two phase I clinical trials that employed viral immuno ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

PI3K/mTOR is a therapeutically targetable genetic dependency in diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma.

Journal Article J Clin Invest · February 6, 2024 Diffuse midline glioma (DMG), including tumors diagnosed in the brainstem (diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma; DIPG), are uniformly fatal brain tumors that lack effective treatment. Analysis of CRISPR/Cas9 loss-of-function gene deletion screens identified PI ... Full text Link to item Cite

Elucidating cellular response to treatment with viral immunotherapies in pediatric high-grade glioma and medulloblastoma.

Journal Article Transl Oncol · February 2024 HSV G207, a double-stranded, DNA virus, and the polio:rhinovirus chimera, PVSRIPO, a single positive-strand RNA virus, are viral immunotherapies being used to treat pediatric malignant brain tumors in clinical trials. The purpose of this work is to elucida ... Full text Link to item Cite

Interplay between ATRX and IDH1 mutations governs innate immune responses in diffuse gliomas.

Journal Article Nat Commun · January 25, 2024 Stimulating the innate immune system has been explored as a therapeutic option for the treatment of gliomas. Inactivating mutations in ATRX, defining molecular alterations in IDH-mutant astrocytomas, have been implicated in dysfunctional immune signaling. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Glioma

Chapter · January 25, 2024 In this chapter we survey the clinical and pathophysiologic principles of gliomas, the primary tumors of the central nervous system. We describe the histologic and clinical features of the main glioma subtypes, including diffuse astrocytic and oligodendrog ... Full text Cite

Understanding and therapeutically exploiting cGAS/STING signaling in glioblastoma.

Journal Article J Clin Invest · January 16, 2024 Since the discovery that cGAS/STING recognizes endogenous DNA released from dying cancer cells and induces type I interferon and antitumor T cell responses, efforts to understand and therapeutically target the STING pathway in cancer have ensued. Relative ... Full text Link to item Cite

Gene expression analysis suggests immunosuppressive roles of endolysosomes in glioblastoma.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2024 Targeting endolysosomes is a strategy extensively pursued for treating cancers, including glioblastomas (GBMs), on the basis that the intact function of these subcellular organelles is key to tumor cell autophagy and survival. Through gene expression analy ... Full text Link to item Cite

A neural tract-inspired conduit for facile, on-demand biopsy of glioblastoma.

Journal Article Neurooncol Adv · 2024 BACKGROUND: A major hurdle to effectively treating glioblastoma (GBM) patients is the lack of longitudinal information about tumor progression, evolution, and treatment response. METHODS: In this study, we report the use of a neural tract-inspired conduit ... Full text Link to item Cite

Outcomes and immune response after peptide vaccination targeting human cytomegalovirus antigen pp65 in children and young adults with recurrent high-grade glioma and medulloblastoma

Conference Journal of Clinical Oncology · January 1, 2024 Background: The human cytomegalovirus (CMV) antigen pp65 is ubiquitously expressed in high-grade glioma (HGG) and medulloblastoma but not in adjacent brain. The primary objective of this first-in-human phase I trial (NCT03299309) was to assess the safety a ... Full text Cite

Unraveling the immunologic vulnerabilities of diffuse hemispheric glioma, H3 G34-mutant.

Conference Journal of Clinical Oncology · January 1, 2024 Background: Recent insights into the molecular basis of diffuse hemispheric glioma, H3 G34-mutant (DHG-G34), an incurable high-grade glioma, have opened new therapeutic possibilities. The oncohistone mutation in DHG-G34 impairs the epigenetic regulator SET ... Full text Cite

Biological and prognostic relevance of epigenetic regulatory genes in high-grade gliomas.

Journal Article Neurooncol Adv · 2024 BACKGROUND: High-grade gliomas (HGGs) are the most aggressive type of gliomas and have the poorest outcomes. Chromatin remodeling (CR) genes have been implicated in multiple oncogenic pathways in numerous cancer types. In gliomagenesis, CR genes have been ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prognostic impact of CDKN2A deletion in oligodendroglioma

Conference JOURNAL OF NEUROPATHOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY · 2024 Cite

A Pilot Study Omitting Radiation in the Treatment of Children with Newly Diagnosed Wnt-Activated Medulloblastoma.

Journal Article Clin Cancer Res · December 15, 2023 PURPOSE: Treatment of wingless (WNT)-activated medulloblastoma (WNT+MB) with surgery, irradiation (XRT), and chemotherapy results in excellent outcomes. We studied the efficacy of therapy de-intensification by omitting XRT entirely in children with WNT+MB. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ataxia-telangiectasia mutated ( Atm ) disruption sensitizes spatially-directed H3.3K27M/TP53 diffuse midline gliomas to radiation therapy.

Journal Article bioRxiv · October 20, 2023 Diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs) are lethal brain tumors characterized by p53-inactivating mutations and oncohistone H3.3K27M mutations that rewire the cellular response to genotoxic stress, which presents therapeutic opportunities. We used RCAS/tv-a retrovi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Correcting the drug development paradigm for glioblastoma requires serial tissue sampling.

Journal Article Nat Med · October 2023 A breakthrough in drug discovery for glioblastoma requires serial collection of tissue from the central nervous system via window of opportunity trials ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pooled genetic screens to identify vulnerabilities in TERT-promoter-mutant glioblastoma.

Journal Article Oncogene · October 2023 Pooled genetic screens represent a powerful approach to identify vulnerabilities in cancer. Here we used pooled CRISPR/Cas9-based approaches to identify vulnerabilities associated with telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter mutations (TPMs) found ... Full text Link to item Cite

Repurposing Clemastine to Target Glioblastoma Cell Stemness.

Journal Article Cancers (Basel) · September 18, 2023 Brain tumor-initiating cells (BTICs) and tumor cell plasticity promote glioblastoma (GBM) progression. Here, we demonstrate that clemastine, an over-the-counter drug for treating hay fever and allergy symptoms, effectively attenuated the stemness and suppr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cancer-associated SMARCAL1 loss-of-function mutations promote alternative lengthening of telomeres and tumorigenesis in telomerase-negative glioblastoma cells.

Journal Article Neuro Oncol · September 5, 2023 BACKGROUND: Telomere maintenance mechanisms are required to enable the replicative immortality of malignant cells. While most cancers activate the enzyme telomerase, a subset of cancers uses telomerase-independent mechanisms termed alternative lengthening ... Full text Link to item Cite

Polio virotherapy targets the malignant glioma myeloid infiltrate with diffuse microglia activation engulfing the CNS.

Journal Article Neuro Oncol · September 5, 2023 BACKGROUND: Malignant gliomas commandeer dense inflammatory infiltrates with glioma-associated macrophages and microglia (GAMM) promoting immune suppression, evasion, and tumor progression. Like all cells in the mononuclear phagocytic system, GAMM constitu ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Clinical Applications of Immunotherapy for Recurrent Glioblastoma in Adults.

Journal Article Cancers (Basel) · July 31, 2023 Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor in adults. Despite standard therapies, including resection and chemoradiation, recurrence is virtually inevitable. Current treatment for recurrent glioblastoma (rGBM) is rapidly evolving, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Recombinant polio-rhinovirus immunotherapy for recurrent paediatric high-grade glioma: a phase 1b trial.

Journal Article Lancet Child Adolesc Health · July 2023 BACKGROUND: Outcomes of recurrent paediatric high-grade glioma are poor, with a median overall survival of less than 6 months. Viral immunotherapy, such as the polio-rhinovirus chimera lerapolturev, is a novel approach for treatment of recurrent paediatric ... Full text Link to item Cite

LGG-13. GANGLIOGLIOMA DEEP TRANSCRIPTOMICS REVEALS A CD34+ PRIMITIVE NEUROECTODERM NEURAL PRECURSOR-LIKE POPULATION

Conference Neuro-Oncology · June 12, 2023 AbstractGangliogliomas are glioneuronal brain tumors that typically present in childhood or early adulthood. Though most often low-grade, new insights are needed to refine glioneuronal tumor classification a ... Full text Cite

DIPG-54. UPDATED FINDINGS FROM THE PHASE IB STUDY OF UNESBULIN (PTC596) IN CHILDREN WITH NEWLY-DIAGNOSED DIFFUSE INTRINSIC PONTINE GLIOMA (DIPG) AND HIGH-GRADE GLIOMA (HGG): A REPORT FROM THE COLLABORATIVE NETWORK FOR NEURO-ONCOLOGY CLINICAL TRIALS (CONNECT)

Conference Neuro-Oncology · June 12, 2023 AbstractBMI-1 represents a potential therapeutic target in pediatric HGG given its role in self-renewal and DNA-damage signaling, high expression levels in these tumors, and resultant proliferation blockade, ... Full text Cite

Investigation of leptomeningeal disease in high grade glioma and characterization of molecular alterations.

Conference Journal of Clinical Oncology · June 1, 2023 2070 Background: Leptomeningeal disease (LMD) is a challenging complication of high grade glioma (HGG) and questions remain regarding risk factors, molecular associations, and optimal treatment. Here we report updated results on ... Full text Cite

Distinct molecular features and potential therapeutic strategies for spinal cord gliomas.

Conference Journal of Clinical Oncology · June 1, 2023 2056 Background: Spinal cord gliomas (SCG) are rare primary CNS tumors with varied prognosis. Standard treatment remains poorly defined, as no clear survival advantage exists with extensive resection, radiation, or chemotherapy. ... Full text Cite

Use of Trametinib in Children and Young Adults With Progressive Low-grade Glioma and Glioneuronal Tumors.

Journal Article J Pediatr Hematol Oncol · May 1, 2023 Low-grade gliomas/glioneuronal tumors comprise one-third of all pediatric-type CNS tumors. These tumors are generally caused by activating mutations in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Targeted drugs, such as trametinib, have shown prom ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Enduring Effects of COVID for Cancer Care: Learning from Real-Life Clinical Practice.

Journal Article Clin Cancer Res · May 1, 2023 For three years, COVID-19 has circulated among our communities and around the world, fundamentally changing social interactions, health care systems, and service delivery. For people living with (and receiving treatment for) cancer, pandemic conditions pre ... Full text Link to item Cite

Interplay between ATRX and IDH1 mutations governs innate immune responses in diffuse gliomas.

Journal Article bioRxiv · April 21, 2023 Stimulating the innate immune system has been explored as a therapeutic option for the treatment of gliomas. Inactivating mutations in ATRX , defining molecular alterations in IDH -mutant astrocytomas, have been implicated in dysfunctional immune signaling ... Full text Link to item Cite

Abstract 4924: Alternative lengthening of telomeres is associated with hypersensitivity to topoisomerase 1 inhibition in glioblastoma xenograft models

Conference Cancer Research · April 4, 2023 AbstractGlioblastoma (GBM), the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults, is an incurable disease that has an inevitable tendency to recur following standard of care surgery, radiotherapy, and tem ... Full text Cite

Intratumor childhood vaccine-specific CD4+ T-cell recall coordinates antitumor CD8+ T cells and eosinophils.

Journal Article J Immunother Cancer · April 2023 BACKGROUND: Antitumor mechanisms of CD4+ T cells remain crudely defined, and means to effectively harness CD4+ T-cell help for cancer immunotherapy are lacking. Pre-existing memory CD4+ T cells hold potential to be leveraged for this purpose. Moreover, the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ganglioglioma deep transcriptomics reveals primitive neuroectoderm neural precursor-like population.

Journal Article Acta Neuropathol Commun · March 25, 2023 Gangliogliomas are brain tumors composed of neuron-like and macroglia-like components that occur in children and young adults. Gangliogliomas are often characterized by a rare population of immature astrocyte-appearing cells expressing CD34, a marker expre ... Full text Link to item Cite

Identification, validation and biological characterisation of novel glioblastoma tumour microenvironment subtypes: implications for precision immunotherapy.

Journal Article Ann Oncol · March 2023 BACKGROUND: New precision medicine therapies are urgently required for glioblastoma (GBM). However, to date, efforts to subtype patients based on molecular profiles have failed to direct treatment strategies. We hypothesised that interrogation of the GBM t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Immunotoxin-αCD40 therapy activates innate and adaptive immunity and generates a durable antitumor response in glioblastoma models.

Journal Article Sci Transl Med · February 8, 2023 D2C7-immunotoxin (IT), a dual-specific IT targeting wild-type epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and mutant EGFR variant III (EGFRvIII) proteins, demonstrates encouraging survival outcomes in a subset of patients with glioblastoma. We hypothesized tha ... Full text Link to item Cite

NUTMEG: A randomized phase II study of nivolumab and temozolomide versus temozolomide alone in newly diagnosed older patients with glioblastoma.

Journal Article Neurooncol Adv · 2023 BACKGROUND: There is an immunologic rationale to evaluate immunotherapy in the older glioblastoma population, who have been underrepresented in prior trials. The NUTMEG study evaluated the combination of nivolumab and temozolomide in patients with glioblas ... Full text Link to item Cite

Physician, patient, and caregiver support for a formal certification in pediatric neuro-oncology: A survey-based report from the SNO pediatrics working group.

Journal Article Neurooncol Adv · 2023 BACKGROUND: Although CNS tumors are the most common pediatric cancer in the United States, most physicians caring for these patients are not formally certified in the subspecialty. To determine support for developing a formal certification process in pedia ... Full text Link to item Cite

Bacterial Pneumonia in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients

Chapter · January 1, 2023 Due to the complex and persisting immune defects associated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and its complications, bacterial pneumonia is an important cause of morbidity and mortality among HSCT recipients. Quantitative and functional i ... Full text Cite

Neuronal CaMKK2 promotes immunosuppression and checkpoint blockade resistance in glioblastoma.

Journal Article Nat Commun · October 29, 2022 Glioblastoma (GBM) is notorious for its immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and is refractory to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). Here, we identify calmodulin-dependent kinase kinase 2 (CaMKK2) as a driver of ICB resistance. CaMKK2 is highly ex ... Full text Link to item Cite

Glioma progression is shaped by genetic evolution and microenvironment interactions.

Journal Article Cell · June 9, 2022 The factors driving therapy resistance in diffuse glioma remain poorly understood. To identify treatment-associated cellular and genetic changes, we analyzed RNA and/or DNA sequencing data from the temporally separated tumor pairs of 304 adult patients wit ... Full text Link to item Cite

Antitumor Activity of a Mitochondrial-Targeted HSP90 Inhibitor in Gliomas.

Journal Article Clin Cancer Res · May 13, 2022 PURPOSE: To investigate the antitumor activity of a mitochondrial-localized HSP90 inhibitor, Gamitrinib, in multiple glioma models, and to elucidate the antitumor mechanisms of Gamitrinib in gliomas. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: A broad panel of primary and temozo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Establishment of patient-derived organoid models of lower-grade glioma.

Journal Article Neuro Oncol · April 1, 2022 BACKGROUND: Historically, creating patient-derived models of lower-grade glioma (LGG) has been challenging, contributing to few experimental platforms that support laboratory-based investigations of this disease. Although organoid modeling approaches have ... Full text Link to item Cite

Designing Clinical Trials for Combination Immunotherapy: A Framework for Glioblastoma.

Journal Article Clin Cancer Res · February 15, 2022 Immunotherapy has revolutionized treatment for many hard-to-treat cancers but has yet to produce significant improvement in outcomes for patients with glioblastoma. This reflects the multiple and unique mechanisms of immune evasion and escape in this highl ... Full text Link to item Cite

cGAS-STING pathway targeted therapies and their applications in the treatment of high-grade glioma.

Journal Article F1000Res · 2022 Median survival of patients with glioblastoma (GBM) treated with standard of care which consists of maximal safe resection of the contrast-enhancing portion of the tumor followed by radiation therapy with concomitant adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ) remains 15 ... Full text Link to item Cite

A phase 1 trial of D2C7-it in combination with an Fc-engineered anti-CD40 monoclonal antibody (2141-V11) administered intratumorally via convectionenhanced delivery for adult patients with recurrent malignant glioma (MG).

Conference JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY · 2022 Background: D2C7 immunotoxin (D2C7-IT) is a dual-specific recombinant immunotoxin comprising an EGFR wild-type and mutant-specific (EGFRvIII) monoclonal antibody (Ab) fragment and a genetically engineered form of the Pseudomonas exotoxin. When injected dir ... Full text Link to item Cite

A phase 0/surgical window-of-opportunity study in progress, evaluating evolocumab in patients with high-grade glioma or glioblastoma

Conference JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY · 2022 Background: High-grade gliomas (HGGs) are immunologically ‘cold’ tumors. This phenomenon is partly due to reduced expression of major histocompatibility class (MHC) I on the surface of tumor cells, which prevents CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity (CTLs) ... Full text Link to item Cite

CTIM-24. NUTMEG: A RANDOMIZED PHASE II STUDY OF NIVOLUMAB AND TEMOZOLOMIDE VERSUS TEMOZOLOMIDE ALONE IN NEWLY DIAGNOSED ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH GLIOBLASTOMA

Conference NEURO-ONCOLOGY · 2022 Abstract BACKGROUND Nivolumab is a PD-1 inhibitor with known safety profile. An increase in mutations as we age is well documented in glioblastoma and other cancers. Higher mutational load is associated with increased response to nivolumab in extracranial ... Full text Link to item Cite

A Modified Nucleoside 6-Thio-2'-Deoxyguanosine Exhibits Antitumor Activity in Gliomas.

Journal Article Clin Cancer Res · December 15, 2021 PURPOSE: To investigate the therapeutic role of a novel telomere-directed inhibitor, 6-thio-2'-deoxyguanosine (THIO) in gliomas both in vitro and in vivo. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: A panel of human and mouse glioma cell lines was used to test therapeutic effica ... Full text Link to item Cite

QOLP-28. COMPARING KNOWLEDGE OF AND BELIEFS ABOUT PALLIATIVE CARE AMONG NEURO-ONCOLOGY PATIENTS, CAREGIVERS, PROVIDERS AND A NATIONALLY-REPRESENTATIVE U.S. SAMPLE

Conference Neuro-Oncology · November 12, 2021 AbstractINTRODUCTIONThere is increasing recognition that palliative care (PC) can benefit patients with advanced cancers. However, ear ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

INNV-20. RADIOGRAPHIC RESPONSE AND SEIZURE CONTROL IN IDH1 MUTANT GLIOMA PATIENTS USING IVOSIDENIB

Conference Neuro-Oncology · November 12, 2021 AbstractIsocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) is commonly mutated in grade II-III gliomas, and the mutant enzyme leads to the production of the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG). 2-HG is responsible for t ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

QOLP-10. A LONGITUDINAL OBSERVATIONAL STUDY OF EXERCISE BEHAVIOR IN GLIOBLASTOMA PATIENTS TREATED WITH TUMOR-TREATING FIELDS

Conference Neuro-Oncology · November 12, 2021 AbstractGlioblastoma (GBM) patients can use tumor-treating fields (TTFs) with adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ) to treat their disease. TTFs involve wearing transfixed transducers to the shaved scalp, and the tran ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

INNV-31. NEURO-ONCOLOGY OUTPATIENT SATISFACTION IS MAINTAINED IN THE ERA OF COVID-19 TELEMEDICINE

Conference Neuro-Oncology · November 12, 2021 AbstractINTRODUCTIONThe use of telemedicine increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the impact on patient satisfaction in the ... Full text Open Access Cite

CTIM-10. REPRODUCIBILITY OF CLINICAL TRIALS USING CMV-TARGETED DENDRITIC CELL VACCINES IN PATIENTS WITH GLIOBLASTOMA

Conference Neuro-Oncology · November 12, 2021 AbstractINTRODUCTIONVaccination with dendritic cells (DCs) fares poorly in primary and recurrent glioblastoma (GBM). Moreover, GBM vac ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

BIOM-20. TUMOR-INTRINSIC AND PERIPHERAL FEATURES ASSOCIATE WITH SURVIVAL AFTER POLIO VIROTHERAPY IN RECURRENT GBM

Conference Neuro-Oncology · November 12, 2021 AbstractBACKGROUNDPVSRIPO is a live-attenuated recombinant rhino:poliovirus that mediates antitumor efficacy by engaging antitumor imm ... Full text Cite

Atypical Teratoid Rhabdoid Tumours Are Susceptible to Panobinostat-Mediated Differentiation Therapy.

Journal Article Cancers (Basel) · October 14, 2021 Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumour (ATRT) is a rare but highly aggressive undifferentiated solid tumour arising in the central nervous system and predominantly affecting infants and young children. ATRT is exclusively characterized by the inactivation of SM ... Full text Link to item Cite

A randomized phase II trial of veliparib, radiotherapy, and temozolomide in patients with unmethylated MGMT glioblastoma: the VERTU study.

Conference Neuro Oncol · October 1, 2021 BACKGROUND: Temozolomide offers minimal benefit in patients with glioblastoma with unmethylated O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter status, hence, the need for novel therapies. This study evaluated whether veliparib, a brain-penetrant po ... Full text Link to item Cite

Primary brain tumor patients admitted to a US intensive care unit: a descriptive analysis.

Journal Article CNS Oncol · September 1, 2021 Purpose: To describe our population of primary brain tumor (PBT) patients, a subgroup of cancer patients whose intensive care unit (ICU) outcomes are understudied. Methods: Retrospective analysis of PBT patients admitted to an ICU between 2013 to 2018 for ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Systematic review of combinations of targeted or immunotherapy in advanced solid tumors.

Journal Article J Immunother Cancer · July 2021 With rapid advances in our understanding of cancer, there is an expanding number of potential novel combination therapies, including novel-novel combinations. Identifying which combinations are appropriate and in which subpopulations are among the most dif ... Full text Link to item Cite

Spiritual well-being and its association with health-related quality of life in primary brain tumor patients.

Journal Article Neurooncol Pract · June 2021 BACKGROUND: Spirituality can impact patients' attitudes and decisions about treatment and end-of-life care when coping with cancer. Previous studies documented health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and spiritual well-being (SWB) as positively correlated w ... Full text Link to item Cite

BIOL-10. DISTRIBUTION AND VULNERABILITY OF TRANSCRIPTIONAL OUTPUTS ACROSS THE GENOME IN MYC-AMPLIFIED MEDULLOBLASTOMA CELLS

Conference Neuro-Oncology · June 1, 2021 AbstractMyc plays a central role in tumorigenesis by orchestrating the expression of genes essential to numerous cellular processes. While it is well established that Myc functions by binding to its target g ... Full text Cite

EPCT-01. A NOVEL PEPTIDE VACCINE DIRECTED TO CMV PP65 FOR TREATMENT OF RECURRENT MALIGNANT GLIOMA AND MEDULLOBLASTOMA IN CHILDREN AND YOUNG ADULTS: PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF A PHASE I TRIAL

Conference Neuro-Oncology · June 1, 2021 AbstractIntroductionThe cytomegalovirus (CMV) antigen, pp65, is ubiquitously expressed in malignant glioma and medulloblastoma but not ... Full text Link to item Cite

LGG-08. TREATMENT OUTCOMES AND TOLERABILITY OF TRAMETINIB IN PROGRESSIVE CIRCUMSCRIBED LOW-GRADE GLIOMAS

Conference Neuro-Oncology · June 1, 2021 AbstractCircumscribed low-grade gliomas comprise roughly one-third of pediatric CNS tumors. Most of these tumors are caused by activating mutations in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Dru ... Full text Cite

The mutational landscape of older patients with IDH wild-type glioblastoma (GBM).

Conference Journal of Clinical Oncology · May 20, 2021 e14033 Background: Advanced age is associated with poorer outcomes in GBM and current NCCN guidelines distinguish older GBM patients (≥70 years, oGBM) from their younger counterparts ( < 70 years, yGBM). We aim to characterize ... Full text Cite

Viral infection of cells within the tumor microenvironment mediates antitumor immunotherapy via selective TBK1-IRF3 signaling.

Journal Article Nat Commun · March 25, 2021 Activating intra-tumor innate immunity might enhance tumor immune surveillance. Virotherapy is proposed to achieve tumor cell killing, while indirectly activating innate immunity. Here, we report that recombinant poliovirus therapy primarily mediates antit ... Full text Link to item Cite

Salting the Soil: Targeting the Microenvironment of Brain Metastases.

Journal Article Mol Cancer Ther · March 2021 Paget's "seed and soil" hypothesis of metastatic spread has acted as a foundation of the field for over a century, with continued evolution as mechanisms of the process have been elucidated. The central nervous system (CNS) presents a unique soil through t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Very low mutation burden is a feature of inflamed recurrent glioblastomas responsive to cancer immunotherapy.

Journal Article Nat Commun · January 13, 2021 Several immunotherapy clinical trials in recurrent glioblastoma have reported long-term survival benefits in 10-20% of patients. Here we perform genomic analysis of tumor tissue from recurrent WHO grade IV glioblastoma patients acquired prior to immunother ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Adjuvant Radiation in Older Patients With Glioblastoma: A Retrospective Single Institution Analysis.

Journal Article Front Oncol · 2021 OBJECTIVES: Standard 6-week and hypofractionated 3-week courses of adjuvant radiation therapy (RT) are both options for older patients with glioblastoma (GBM), but deciding the optimal regimen can be challenging. This analysis explores clinical factors ass ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

INNV-20. RADIOGRAPHIC RESPONSE AND SEIZURE CONTROL IN IDH1 MUTANT GLIOMA PATIENTS USING IVOSIDENIB

Conference NEURO-ONCOLOGY · 2021 Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) is commonly mutated in grade II-III gliomas, and the mutant enzyme leads to the production of the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG). 2-HG is responsible for the gliomagenesis associated with these tumors and the pro ... Full text Link to item Cite

MBCL-37. CHEMOTHERAPY STRATEGIES FOR YOUNG CHILDREN NEWLY DIAGNOSED WITH CLASSIC (CLMB) OR ANAPLASTIC/LARGE CELL (A/LCMB) MEDULLOBLASTOMA UP TO THE ERA OF MOLECULAR PROFILING – A COMPARATIVE OUTCOMES ANALYSIS

Conference Neuro-Oncology · December 4, 2020 AbstractBACKGROUND/OBJECTIVEThe introduction of German regimens, supplementing “standard” chemotherapy with both intravenous high-dose ... Full text Cite

What is the Burden of Proof for Tumor Mutational Burden in gliomas?

Journal Article Neuro Oncol · November 30, 2020 The treatment of patients with a variety of solid tumors has benefitted from immune checkpoint inhibition targeting the anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) axis. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted accel ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Paradoxical Effects of COVID-19 on Cancer Care: Current Context and Potential Lasting Impacts.

Journal Article Clin Cancer Res · November 15, 2020 Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has fundamentally disrupted the practice of oncology, shifting care onto virtual platforms, rearranging the logistics and economics of running a successful clinical practice and research, and in some contexts, redefining ... Full text Link to item Cite

CTIM-21. PEPTIDE VACCINE DIRECTED TO CMV pp65 FOR TREATMENT OF RECURRENT MALIGNANT GLIOMA AND MEDULLOBLASTOMA IN CHILDREN AND YOUNG ADULTS: PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF A PHASE I TRIAL

Conference Neuro-Oncology · November 9, 2020 AbstractINTRODUCTIONThe cytomegalovirus (CMV) antigen, pp65, is ubiquitously expressed in malignant glioma and medulloblastoma but not ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Outcomes Following Adjuvant Radiation Therapy in Elderly Patients with Glioblastoma: A Retrospective Single Institution Analysis

Conference International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics · September 1, 2020 2230 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Abstract 5821: The role of SMARCAL1 loss-of-function mutations in glioblastoma telomere maintenance

Conference Cancer Research · August 15, 2020 AbstractMalignant tumor cells overcome the restriction of progressive telomere shortening by employing telomere maintenance mechanisms (TMMs) to achieve replicative immortality. Over 80% of human cancers mai ... Full text Cite

Adapting to a Pandemic - Conducting Oncology Trials during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic.

Journal Article Clin Cancer Res · July 1, 2020 The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has necessitated changes in cancer care delivery as resources are reallocated. Clinical trials and other research activities are inevitably impacted. Start-up activities for new tria ... Full text Link to item Cite

Management of glioblastoma: State of the art and future directions.

Journal Article CA Cancer J Clin · July 2020 Glioblastoma is the most common malignant primary brain tumor. Overall, the prognosis for patients with this disease is poor, with a median survival of <2 years. There is a slight predominance in males, and incidence increases with age. The standard approa ... Full text Link to item Cite

The integrated genomic and epigenomic landscape of brainstem glioma.

Journal Article Nat Commun · June 17, 2020 Brainstem gliomas are a heterogeneous group of tumors that encompass both benign tumors cured with surgical resection and highly lethal cancers with no efficacious therapies. We perform a comprehensive study incorporating epigenetic and genomic analyses on ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patterns of relapse after successful completion of initial therapy in primary central nervous system lymphoma: a case series.

Journal Article J Neurooncol · April 2020 PURPOSE: Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a subtype of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma that involves the brain, spinal cord, or leptomeninges, without evidence of systemic disease. This rare disease accounts for ~ 3% of all primary central nervous ... Full text Link to item Cite

Current medulloblastoma subgroup specific clinical trials.

Journal Article Transl Pediatr · April 2020 Medulloblastoma is a heterogeneous disease with at least four distinct molecular subgroups: wingless (WNT), sonic hedgehog (SHH), Group 3, and Group 4. Recently there has been considerable progress defining the molecular drivers and prognostic factors of e ... Full text Link to item Cite

Genetically stable poliovirus vectors activate dendritic cells and prime antitumor CD8 T cell immunity.

Journal Article Nat Commun · January 27, 2020 Viruses naturally engage innate immunity, induce antigen presentation, and mediate CD8 T cell priming against foreign antigens. Polioviruses can provide a context optimal for generating antigen-specific CD8 T cells, as they have natural tropism for dendrit ... Full text Link to item Cite

Brain immunology and immunotherapy in brain tumours.

Journal Article Nat Rev Cancer · January 2020 Gliomas, the most common malignant primary brain tumours, remain universally lethal. Yet, seminal discoveries in the past 5 years have clarified the anatomy, genetics and function of the immune system within the central nervous system (CNS) and altered the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Outcomes of a randomized controlled trial assessing a smartphone Application to reduce unmet needs among people diagnosed with CancEr (ACE).

Journal Article Cancer Med · January 2020 BACKGROUND: Smartphone technology represents an opportunity to deliver practical solutions for people affected by cancer at a scale that was previously unimaginable, such as information, appointment monitoring, and improved access to cancer support service ... Full text Link to item Cite

CTIM-21PEPTIDE VACCINE DIRECTED TO CMV PP65 FOR TREATMENT OF RECURRENT MALIGNANT GLIOMA AND MEDULLOBLASTOMA IN CHILDREN AND YOUNG ADULTS: PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF A PHASE I TRIAL

Conference NEURO-ONCOLOGY · 2020 Abstract INTRODUCTION The cytomegalovirus (CMV) antigen, pp65, is ubiquitously expressed in malignant glioma and medulloblastoma but not in healthy brain. The objective of this Phase I trial (NCT03299309) was to assess the safety and feasibility of a novel ... Full text Link to item Cite

NCOG-23. PATTERNS OF DISTRESS IN OLDER PATIENTS WITH GLIOBLASTOMA: A FOLLOW-UP TO A SINGLE INSTITUTION CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY OF DISTRESS IN PRIMARY BRAIN TUMOR PATIENTS

Conference NEURO-ONCOLOGY · 2020 Abstract INTRODUCTION We previously reported to SNO, high levels of psychosocial distress in adult patients with primary brain tumors (PBTs), particularly during the first 6 months following diagnosis. The purpose of this follow-up study was to identify pa ... Full text Cite

Molecular features of gliomas with high tumor mutational burden.

Conference JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY · 2020 Cite

Longitudinal molecular trajectories of diffuse glioma in adults.

Journal Article Nature · December 2019 The evolutionary processes that drive universal therapeutic resistance in adult patients with diffuse glioma remain unclear1,2. Here we analysed temporally separated DNA-sequencing data and matched clinical annotation from 222 adult patients with glioma. B ... Full text Link to item Cite

PDCT-03. CHEMOTHERAPY STRATEGIES FOR YOUNG CHILDREN NEWLY DIAGNOSED WITH MEDULLOBLASTOMA UP TO THE ERA OF MOLECULAR PROFILING – A COMPARATIVE OUTCOMES ANALYSIS

Conference Neuro-Oncology · November 11, 2019 AbstractBACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESurvival had been poor in several multi-center/national studies since the 1980s attempting to delay, avoid ... Full text Cite

The role of chemotherapy in the treatment of central neurocytoma.

Journal Article CNS Oncol · November 1, 2019 Aim: Central neurocytoma (CN) is a rare WHO grade II central nervous system (CNS) tumor. This is an update on chemotherapeutic agents used in its treatment. Patients & methods: An institutional review board-approved, chart review of patients seen at our in ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Safety and efficacy of inactivated varicella zoster virus vaccine in immunocompromised patients with malignancies: a two-arm, randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial.

Journal Article Lancet Infect Dis · September 2019 BACKGROUND: Patients who are immunocompromised because of malignancy have an increased risk of herpes zoster and herpes zoster-related complications. We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of an inactivated varicella zoster virus (VZV) vaccine for ... Full text Link to item Cite

Neurocognitive performance under combined regimens of ketamine-dexmedetomidine and ketamine-fentanyl in healthy adults: A randomised trial.

Journal Article Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry · August 30, 2019 Analgesic doses of ketamine affects neurocognition; however, deficits under co-administration regimens are unknown. This study evaluated the effects of ketamine, alone and in combination with dexmedetomidine or fentanyl on neurocognition. Using a randomise ... Full text Link to item Cite

Complementary and integrative health interventions and their association with health-related quality of life in the primary brain tumor population.

Journal Article Complement Ther Clin Pract · August 2019 BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Little is known about complementary and integrative health intervention usage in the primary brain tumor population. We aimed to identify the percentage of patients using these practices and explore the impact on quality of life. MA ... Full text Link to item Cite

A randomized phase II trial of veliparib (V), radiotherapy (RT) and temozolomide (TMZ) in patients (pts) with unmethylated MGMT (uMGMT) glioblastoma (GBM).

Conference Journal of Clinical Oncology · May 20, 2019 2011 Background: TMZ offers minimal benefit in uMGMT GBM pts. V is synergistic with both RT and TMZ in preclinical models, safe when combined with either RT or TMZ clinically, but the triplet (V+RT+TMZ) is poorly tolerated. This ... Full text Cite

Oncolytic polio/rhinovirus recombinant (PVSRIPO) against WHO grade IV malignant glioma (MG): Experience with retreatment of survivors from the phase I trial.

Conference Journal of Clinical Oncology · May 20, 2019 2060 Background: We completed a study evaluating a single intratumoral delivery of PVSRIPO in recurrent WHO grade IV MG patients (N Engl J Med. 2018 Jul 12;379(2):150-161). Some patients who originally benefitted from the infusion of PVSRIPO demonstrated ... Full text Link to item Cite

Tailored NEOadjuvant epirubicin, cyclophosphamide and Nanoparticle Albumin-Bound paclitaxel for breast cancer: The phase II NEONAB trial-Clinical outcomes and molecular determinants of response.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2019 BACKGROUND: This study evaluated the feasibility of achieving high response rates in stage II or III breast cancer by tailoring neoadjuvant therapy using clinical and histopathological features and the Oncotype DX Breast Recurrence Score. Genomic determina ... Full text Link to item Cite

Bevacizumab, irinotecan, temozolomide, tyrosine kinase inhibition, and MEK inhibition are effective against pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma regardless of V600E status.

Journal Article J Neurooncol · November 2018 INTRODUCTION: Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA) is a rare Grade II and III glioma. Surgical resection is the mainstay of treatment, however, adjuvant therapy is sometimes necessary. Given the rarity of PXA, chemotherapeutic efficacy data is limited. The ... Full text Link to item Cite

A phase I study of panobinostat in pediatric patients with refractory solid tumors, including CNS tumors.

Journal Article Cancer Chemother Pharmacol · September 2018 PURPOSE: This was an open label, phase I (3 + 3 design), multi-centre study evaluating panobinostat in pediatric patients with refractory solid tumors. METHODS: Primary endpoints were to establish MTD, define and describe associated toxicities, including d ... Full text Link to item Cite

Methylation profiling of paediatric pilocytic astrocytoma reveals variants specifically associated with tumour location and predictive of recurrence.

Journal Article Mol Oncol · August 2018 Childhood pilocytic astrocytomas (PA) are low-grade tumours with an excellent prognosis. However, a minority, particularly those in surgically inaccessible locations, have poorer long-term outcome. At present, it is unclear whether anatomical location in i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Recurrent Glioblastoma Treated with Recombinant Poliovirus.

Journal Article N Engl J Med · July 12, 2018 BACKGROUND: The prognosis of patients with recurrent World Health Organization (WHO) grade IV malignant glioma is dismal, and there is currently no effective therapy. We conducted a dose-finding and toxicity study in this population of patients, evaluating ... Full text Link to item Cite

Glioma through the looking GLASS: molecular evolution of diffuse gliomas and the Glioma Longitudinal Analysis Consortium.

Journal Article Neuro Oncol · June 18, 2018 Adult diffuse gliomas are a diverse group of brain neoplasms that inflict a high emotional toll on patients and their families. The Cancer Genome Atlas and similar projects have provided a comprehensive understanding of the somatic alterations and molecula ... Full text Link to item Cite

Long-term outcomes of adult patients with ependymoma.

Conference Neurology · April 27, 2018 150 ... Link to item Cite

Adult pilocytic astrocytoma: clinical management and prognostic factors.

Conference Neurology · April 9, 2018 158 Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyze adult patients with pilocytic astrocytomas and to identify factors associated with recurrence and survival. Background: Pilocytic astrocytomas (WHO grade I) represent the most common central nervous s ... Link to item Cite

Adaptive Global Innovative Learning Environment for Glioblastoma: GBM AGILE.

Journal Article Clin Cancer Res · February 15, 2018 Glioblastoma (GBM) is a deadly disease with few effective therapies. Although much has been learned about the molecular characteristics of the disease, this knowledge has not been translated into clinical improvements for patients. At the same time, many n ... Full text Link to item Cite

The evolutionary pattern of mutations in glioblastoma reveals therapy-mediated selection.

Journal Article Oncotarget · January 30, 2018 Glioblastoma presents as a heterogeneous disease with poor prognosis despite the use of multimodal therapy. Analysis of genomic DNA changes between initial diagnosis and recurrence in response to standard treatment protocols would enhance understanding of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Efficacy of a telephone outcall program to reduce caregiver burden among caregivers of cancer patients [PROTECT]: a randomised controlled trial.

Journal Article BMC Cancer · January 8, 2018 BACKGROUND: Informal caregivers provide extended support to people with cancer but they receive little support from the health care system to assist them in their caring role. The aim of this single-blind, multi-centre, randomised controlled trial was to t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comparison of outcomes for cancer patients discussed and not discussed at a multidisciplinary meeting.

Conference Public Health · August 2017 OBJECTIVES: Comparison of outcomes for cancer patients discussed and not discussed at a multidisciplinary meeting (MDM). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of the association of MDM discussion with survival. METHODS: All newly diagnosed cancer patients f ... Full text Link to item Cite

Condition-specific or generic preference-based measures in oncology? A comparison of the EORTC-8D and the EQ-5D-3L.

Journal Article Qual Life Res · May 2017 PURPOSE: It has been argued that generic health-related quality of life measures are not sensitive to certain disease-specific improvements; condition-specific preference-based measures may offer a better alternative. This paper assesses the validity, resp ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cancer diagnosed in the Emergency Department of a Regional Health Service.

Journal Article Aust J Rural Health · December 2016 OBJECTIVE: Patients diagnosed with cancer in the Emergency Department (ED) have more advanced disease at diagnosis and poorer outcomes. High rates of initial presentation to ED suggest potential problems with access to care. The aim of this project was to ... Full text Link to item Cite

BREAST CANCER CLINICAL QUALITY INDICATORS

Conference ASIA-PACIFIC JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY · November 1, 2016 Link to item Cite

MULTIDISCIPLINARY MEETINGS IN THE TREATMENT OF BREAST CANCER

Conference ASIA-PACIFIC JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY · November 1, 2016 Link to item Cite

Low-Dose Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Treatment Leads to Tumor Growth Arrest and Multi-Lineage Differentiation of Malignant Rhabdoid Tumors.

Journal Article Clin Cancer Res · July 15, 2016 PURPOSE: Malignant rhabdoid tumor (MRT) and atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumors (ATRT) are rare aggressive undifferentiated tumors primarily affecting the kidney and CNS of infants and young children. MRT are almost exclusively characterized by homozygous de ... Full text Link to item Cite

Use of targeted therapy in cancer patients in the end-of-life period: results from an Australian centre.

Journal Article Support Care Cancer · July 2016 PURPOSE: Data on the use of targeted therapies at the end of life are scarce. This study reviews the pattern of use of targeted and potentially futile, toxic, or costly therapies at an Australian cancer centre. METHODS: This retrospective single-centre rev ... Full text Link to item Cite

Retrospective analysis of cancer survival across South-Western Victoria in Australia.

Journal Article Aust J Rural Health · April 2016 OBJECTIVE: This paper aims to describe cancer survival and examine association between survival and socio-demographic characteristics across Barwon South-Western region (BSWR) in Victoria, Australia. DESIGN: This study is based on the retrospective cohort ... Full text Link to item Cite

A Discrete Choice Experiment to Examine the Preferences of Patients With Cancer and Their Willingness to Pay for Different Types of Health Care Appointments.

Journal Article J Natl Compr Canc Netw · March 2016 BACKGROUND: This study sought to understand the preferences of patients with cancer and the trade-offs between appointment attributes using discrete choice experiment (DCE). METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN: Patients with cancer at 3 hospitals completed a self-adm ... Full text Link to item Cite

Realising the Value of Linked Data to Health Economic Analyses of Cancer Care: A Case Study of Cancer 2015.

Journal Article Pharmacoeconomics · February 2016 There is a growing appetite for large complex databases that integrate a range of personal, socio-demographic, health, genetic and financial information on individuals. It has been argued that 'Big Data' will provide the necessary catalyst to advance both ... Full text Link to item Cite

Multiple adverse effects prediction in longitudinal cancer treatment

Conference Proceedings International Conference on Pattern Recognition · January 1, 2016 Adverse effects, such as voice change and fatigue, are prevalent in cancer treatment duration. These adverse effects have been significant burden for patients physically and emotionally. Predicting multiple adverse effects becomes important for patients an ... Full text Cite

Cancer 2015: a longitudinal whole-of-system study of genomic cancer medicine.

Journal Article Drug Discov Today · December 2015 Genomic cancer medicine promises revolutionary change in oncology. The impacts of 'personalized medicine', based upon a molecular classification of cancer and linked to targeted therapies, will extend from individual patient outcomes to the health economy ... Full text Link to item Cite

Implementing novel models of posttreatment care for cancer survivors: Enablers, challenges and recommendations.

Journal Article Asia Pac J Clin Oncol · December 2015 AIM: The American Society of Clinical Oncology and US Institute of Medicine emphasize the need to trial novel models of posttreatment care, and disseminate findings. In 2011, the Victorian State Government (Australia) established the Victorian Cancer Survi ... Full text Link to item Cite

"Cancer 2015": A Prospective, Population-Based Cancer Cohort-Phase 1: Feasibility of Genomics-Guided Precision Medicine in the Clinic.

Journal Article J Pers Med · October 29, 2015 "Cancer 2015" is a longitudinal and prospective cohort. It is a phased study whose aim was to pilot recruiting 1000 patients during phase 1 to establish the feasibility of providing a population-based genomics cohort. Newly diagnosed adult patients with so ... Full text Link to item Cite

Unmet needs and depression among carers of people newly diagnosed with cancer.

Journal Article Eur J Cancer · September 2015 AIMS: The aims of this analysis were to examine levels of unmet needs and depression among carers of people newly diagnosed with cancer and to identify groups who may be at higher risk, by examining relationships with demographic characteristics. METHODS: ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mutational analysis of matched initial and recurrent TP53 WT primary GBM.

Conference Journal of Clinical Oncology · May 20, 2015 Full text Cite

Accepting risk in the acceleration of drug development for rare cancers.

Journal Article Lancet Oncol · April 2015 Rare cancers collectively contribute a disproportionate fraction of the total burden of cancer. The oncology community is increasingly facing small numbers of patients with each cancer subtype, requiring cooperation and collaboration to complete multicentr ... Full text Link to item Cite

A five-gene hedgehog signature developed as a patient preselection tool for hedgehog inhibitor therapy in medulloblastoma.

Journal Article Clin Cancer Res · February 1, 2015 PURPOSE: Distinct molecular subgroups of medulloblastoma, including hedgehog (Hh) pathway-activated disease, have been reported. We identified and clinically validated a five-gene Hh signature assay that can be used to preselect patients with Hh pathway-ac ... Full text Link to item Cite

Oncology service initiatives and research in regional Australia.

Journal Article Aust J Rural Health · February 2015 OBJECTIVE: This paper reflects on the recent growth of cancer research being conducted through some of Australia's rural centres. It encompasses work being done across the fields of clinical, translational and health services research. DESIGN: This is a co ... Full text Link to item Cite

Paediatric leukaemia DNA methylation profiling using MBD enrichment and SOLiD sequencing on archival bone marrow smears.

Journal Article Gigascience · 2015 BACKGROUND: Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (ALL) is the most common cancer in children. Over the past four decades, research has advanced the treatment of this cancer from a less than 60% chance of survival to over 85% today. The causal molecular mechanisms ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cerebellar Astrocytoma: Oncological Care

Chapter · January 1, 2015 Pediatric astrocytomas encompass the most common type of brain tumors. Therapy involves surgical resection followed by multimodal therapy which includes one or more of surveillance, further surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation therapy. The most common astro ... Full text Cite

ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT ON A TRIAL INTERVENTION OF CANCER SURVIVORSHIP SERVICE

Conference ASIA-PACIFIC JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY · December 1, 2014 Link to item Cite

CARER BURDEN, DEPRESSION AND UNMET NEEDS AMONG CARERS OF PEOPLE NEWLY DIAGNOSED WITH CANCER

Conference ASIA-PACIFIC JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY · December 1, 2014 Link to item Cite

KEY LEARNINGS FROM AN EVALUATION OF STATEWIDE MODELS OF POST-TREATMENT CARE

Conference ASIA-PACIFIC JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY · December 1, 2014 Link to item Cite

A protocol for a discrete choice experiment: understanding preferences of patients with cancer towards their cancer care across metropolitan and rural regions in Australia.

Journal Article BMJ Open · October 24, 2014 INTRODUCTION: Medical decision-making in oncology is a complicated process and to date there are few studies examining how patients with cancer make choices with respect to different features of their care. It is also unknown whether patient choices vary b ... Full text Link to item Cite

Characteristics of cancer diagnoses and staging in South Western Victoria: a rural perspective.

Journal Article Aust J Rural Health · October 2014 OBJECTIVE: Australian states and territories have legislation mandating reporting of cancer diagnoses; however, tumour stage at diagnosis, treatment plan and associated outcomes are not routinely recorded in cancer registries for all tumour types. This stu ... Full text Link to item Cite

Radiotherapy in the Barwon South Western Region: a rural perspective.

Journal Article J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol · October 2014 INTRODUCTION: Cancer-related mortality rates are higher in rural areas compared with urban regions. Whether there are corresponding geographical variations in radiotherapy utilisation rates (RURs) is the subject of this study. METHODS: RURs for the regiona ... Full text Link to item Cite

Outpatient versus inpatient IV antibiotic management for pediatric oncology patients with low risk febrile neutropenia: a randomised trial.

Journal Article Pediatr Blood Cancer · August 2014 BACKGROUND: Febrile neutropenia (FN) is a frequent, serious complication of intensive pediatric chemotherapy regimens. The aim of this trial was to compare quality of life (QOL) between inpatient and outpatient intravenous antibiotic management of children ... Full text Link to item Cite

Validation of DNA methylation biomarkers for diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Journal Article Clin Chem · July 2014 BACKGROUND: DNA methylation biomarkers capable of diagnosis and subtyping have been found for many cancers. Fifteen such markers have previously been identified for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Validation of these markers is necessary to a ... Full text Link to item Cite

A meta-analysis of antiangiogenic therapy for glioblastoma (GBM).

Conference Journal of Clinical Oncology · May 20, 2014 Full text Cite

Machine-learning prediction of cancer survival: a retrospective study using electronic administrative records and a cancer registry.

Journal Article BMJ Open · March 17, 2014 OBJECTIVES: Using the prediction of cancer outcome as a model, we have tested the hypothesis that through analysing routinely collected digital data contained in an electronic administrative record (EAR), using machine-learning techniques, we could enhance ... Full text Link to item Cite

Epigenetic deregulation in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Journal Article Epigenetics · March 2014 Similar to most cancers, genome-wide DNA methylation profiles are commonly altered in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL); however, recent observations highlight that a large portion of malignancy-associated DNA methylation alterations are not acc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Medulloblastoma Down Under 2013: a report from the third annual meeting of the International Medulloblastoma Working Group.

Conference Acta Neuropathol · February 2014 Medulloblastoma is curable in approximately 70% of patients. Over the past decade, progress in improving survival using conventional therapies has stalled, resulting in reduced quality of life due to treatment-related side effects, which are a major concer ... Full text Link to item Cite

Efficacy and cost-effectiveness of an outcall program to reduce carer burden and depression among carers of cancer patients [PROTECT]: rationale and design of a randomized controlled trial.

Journal Article BMC Health Serv Res · January 6, 2014 BACKGROUND: Carers provide extended and often unrecognized support to people with cancer. The aim of this study is to test the hypothesis that excessive carer burden is modifiable through a telephone outcall intervention that includes supportive care, info ... Full text Link to item Cite

The oncogenic properties of EWS/WT1 of desmoplastic small round cell tumors are unmasked by loss of p53 in murine embryonic fibroblasts.

Journal Article BMC Cancer · December 9, 2013 BACKGROUND: Desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) is characterized by the presence of a fusion protein EWS/WT1, arising from the t (11;22) (p13;q12) translocation. Here we examine the oncogenic properties of two splice variants of EWS/WT1, EWS/WT1-KT ... Full text Link to item Cite

Case report of interstitial nephritis induced by bevacizumab therapy for glioblastoma multiforme.

Journal Article J Oncol Pharm Pract · December 2013 Glioblastoma multiforme is an aggressive malignant brain tumor. The monoclonal antibody, bevacizumab, is active in recurrent disease via inhibition of angiogenesis. Proteinuria and renal thrombotic microangiopathy are known complications. We report a case ... Full text Link to item Cite

Emerging pharmacotherapy for cancer patients with cognitive dysfunction.

Journal Article BMC Neurol · October 24, 2013 Advances in the diagnosis and multi-modality treatment of cancer have increased survival rates for many cancer types leading to an increasing load of long-term sequelae of therapy, including that of cognitive dysfunction. The cytotoxic nature of chemothera ... Full text Link to item Cite

A phase II single-arm study of irinotecan in combination with temozolomide (TEMIRI) in children with newly diagnosed high grade glioma: a joint ITCC and SIOPE-brain tumour study.

Journal Article J Neurooncol · May 2013 A multicenter, two stage phase II study, investigated irinotecan plus temozolomide in children with newly diagnosed high grade glioma. The primary endpoint was tumor response during a two-cycle treatment window, confirmed by external review committee. Pati ... Full text Link to item Cite

New drugs for children and adolescents with cancer: the need for novel development pathways.

Journal Article Lancet Oncol · March 2013 Despite major progress in the past 40 years, 20% of children with cancer die from the disease, and 40% of survivors have late adverse effects. Innovative, safe, and effective medicines are needed. Although regulatory initiatives in the past 15 years in the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sustained Low-Dose Treatment with the Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor LBH589 Induces Terminal Differentiation of Osteosarcoma Cells.

Journal Article Sarcoma · 2013 Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) were identified nearly four decades ago based on their ability to induce cellular differentiation. However, the clinical development of these compounds as cancer therapies has focused on their capacity to induce apopt ... Full text Link to item Cite

Acute pain associated with oxaliplatin infusion: case report and literature review.

Journal Article J Oncol Pharm Pract · December 2012 Both acute and chronic neurotoxicities are well-described with the use of oxaliplatin. We describe the case of a 50-year-old man with Dukes C colon carcinoma being treated with an adjuvant FOLFOX4 (5-fluorouracil, leucovorin and oxaliplatin (85 mg/m(2) per ... Full text Link to item Cite

Using lithium as a neuroprotective agent in patients with cancer.

Journal Article BMC Med · November 2, 2012 Neurocognitive impairment is being increasingly recognized as an important issue in patients with cancer who develop cognitive difficulties either as part of direct or indirect involvement of the nervous system or as a consequence of either chemotherapy-re ... Full text Link to item Cite

Predictors of acute and posttraumatic stress symptoms in parents following their child's cancer diagnosis.

Journal Article J Trauma Stress · October 2012 This longitudinal study aimed to examine acute and posttraumatic stress symptoms and predictors of traumatic stress symptoms in parents of children recently diagnosed with cancer. The sample comprised 220 parents of 143 children who completed questionnaire ... Full text Link to item Cite

Induction chemotherapy and conformal radiation therapy for very young children with nonmetastatic medulloblastoma: Children's Oncology Group study P9934.

Journal Article J Clin Oncol · September 10, 2012 PURPOSE: P9934 was a prospective trial of systemic chemotherapy, second surgery, and conformal radiation therapy (CRT) limited to the posterior fossa and primary site for children between 8 months and 3 years old with nonmetastatic medulloblastoma. The stu ... Full text Link to item Cite

Methods for the analysis of histone H3 and H4 acetylation in blood.

Journal Article Epigenetics · August 2012 LBH589 is one of the many histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) that are currently in clinical trial. Despite their wide-spread use, there is little literature available describing the typical levels of histone acetylation in untreated peripheral blood, t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Feasibility of neurobehavioral screening following diagnosis of pediatric cancer.

Journal Article Pediatr Blood Cancer · August 2012 BACKGROUND: Neurobehavioral deficits will affect up to 50% of pediatric cancer survivors treated with central nervous system (CNS)-directed therapies. Guidelines suggest assessment of neurobehavioral skills at diagnosis be extended from patients with brain ... Full text Link to item Cite

Enhanced lithium-induced brain recovery following cranial irradiation is not impeded by inflammation.

Journal Article Stem Cells Transl Med · June 2012 Radiation-induced brain injury occurs in many patients receiving cranial radiation therapy, and these deleterious effects are most profound in younger patients. Impaired neurocognitive functions in both humans and rodents are associated with inflammation, ... Full text Link to item Cite

A distinct DNA methylation signature defines pediatric pre-B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Journal Article Epigenetics · June 1, 2012 Pre-B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most prevalent childhood malignancy and remains one of the highest causes of childhood mortality. Despite this, the mechanisms leading to disease remain poorly understood. We asked if recurrent aberrant ... Full text Link to item Cite

Genome-scale DNA methylation analyses of cancer in children

Chapter · January 1, 2012 Introduction Although rare, cancer is a leading cause of disease mortality in children after accidents, homicides, and suicides (Ries et al., 1999). The biology of cancer in children is markedly different to cancer in adults. This is highlighted by the dis ... Full text Cite

Evaluation of microRNA expression in patient bone marrow aspirate slides.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2012 Like formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissues, archived bone marrow aspirate slides are an abundant and untapped resource of biospecimens that could enable retrospective molecular studies of disease. Historically, RNA obtained from slides is limited ... Full text Link to item Cite

High expression of BMP pathway genes distinguishes a subset of atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors associated with shorter survival.

Journal Article Neuro Oncol · December 2011 Molecular profiling of tumors has proven to be a valuable tool for identification of prognostic and diagnostic subgroups in medulloblastomas, glioblastomas, and other cancers. However, the molecular landscape of atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors (AT/RTs) r ... Full text Link to item Cite

ANZCCSG BabyBrain99; intensified systemic chemotherapy, second look surgery and involved field radiation in young children with central nervous system malignancy.

Journal Article Pediatr Blood Cancer · July 1, 2011 BACKGROUND: ANZCCSG BabyBrain99 is a trial of intensive systemic chemotherapy with dual stem cell supported treatment, second look surgery and involved field radiation for children less than four years of age with malignant central nervous system tumours. ... Full text Link to item Cite

WHAT'S BEHIND THE SCREEN? IMPLICATIONS FOR CLINICAL PRACTICE

Conference PEDIATRIC BLOOD & CANCER · July 1, 2011 Link to item Cite

Effects of the roller feed ratio on wrinkling failure in conventional spinning of a cylindrical cup

Journal Article Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part B Journal of Engineering Manufacture · January 1, 2011 In this study, wrinkling failure in conventional spinning of a cylindrical cup has been investigated by using both finite element (FE) analysis and experimental methods. FE simulation models of a spinning experiment have been developed using the explicit f ... Full text Cite

The evolution of the histology in pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas in children: a study of 15 cases.

Journal Article Pathology · January 2011 AIMS: To review the clinicopathological spectrum and evolution of the histology of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas (PXAs) seen at a single children's hospital. METHODS: PXAs were selected from the Royal Children's Hospital archives over 30 years. The clinic ... Full text Link to item Cite

DNA methylation and miRNA expression profiling in childhood B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Journal Article Epigenomics · October 2010 Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common cancer in children in the modern world. Recent efforts in characterizing the genetic contribution to this disease through uncovering gene mutations, deletions and structural variation by genome-scale me ... Full text Link to item Cite

PLEOMORPHIC XANTHOASTROCYTOMA IN CHILDHOOD

Conference NEURO-ONCOLOGY · June 1, 2010 Link to item Cite

Survivors of childhood cancer: an Australian audit of vaccination status after treatment.

Journal Article Pediatr Blood Cancer · January 2010 BACKGROUND: Survivors of childhood and adolescent cancer are at risk of vaccine preventable diseases and are recommended to receive booster vaccinations post-chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to describe the compliance of post-chemotherapy revaccinat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Rapid detection of SMARCB1 sequence variation using high resolution melting.

Journal Article BMC Cancer · December 13, 2009 BACKGROUND: Rhabdoid tumors are rare cancers of early childhood arising in the kidney, central nervous system and other organs. The majority are caused by somatic inactivating mutations or deletions affecting the tumor suppressor locus SMARCB1 [OMIM 601607 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Gender differences in the psychosocial experience of parents of children with cancer: a review of the literature.

Journal Article Psychooncology · September 2009 OBJECTIVE: To build a descriptive literature base of investigated and identified gender differences in the psychosocial experience of parents of children with cancer, in order to guide future research in this area. METHODS: An extensive literature search w ... Full text Link to item Cite

Measuring psychosocial risk in families caring for a child with cancer: the Psychosocial Assessment Tool (PAT2.0).

Journal Article Pediatr Blood Cancer · July 2009 BACKGROUND: The Psychosocial Assessment Tool 2.0 (PAT2.0) is a recently developed screening measure for assessing psychosocial risk in families caring for a child with cancer. This study aimed to assess the external validity of the PAT2.0 in an Australian ... Full text Link to item Cite

Radiotherapy management of patients diagnosed with glioma in Victoria (1998-2000): a retrospective cohort study.

Journal Article J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol · June 2009 This study aimed to describe the radiotherapy (RT) management and subsequent outcome in a cohort of patients with newly diagnosed glioma. Treatment details were obtained via a questionnaire completed by neurosurgeons, radiation and medical oncologists who ... Full text Link to item Cite

A pilot study of risk-adapted radiotherapy and chemotherapy in patients with supratentorial PNET.

Journal Article Neuro Oncol · February 2009 We undertook this study to estimate the event-free survival (EFS) of patients with newly diagnosed supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumor (SPNET) treated with risk-adapted craniospinal irradiation (CSI) with additional radiation to the primary tumo ... Full text Link to item Cite

The role of social support in families coping with childhood brain tumor.

Journal Article J Psychosoc Oncol · 2009 Previous studies suggest that support from social networks is a protective factor buffering the negative effects of stressful events, such as having a child with a chronic illness. The literature highlights the need for more systematic examination of paren ... Full text Link to item Cite

Imprinted CDKN1C is a tumor suppressor in rhabdoid tumor and activated by restoration of SMARCB1 and histone deacetylase inhibitors.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2009 SMARCB1 is deleted in rhabdoid tumor, an aggressive paediatric malignancy affecting the kidney and CNS. We hypothesized that the oncogenic pathway in rhabdoid tumors involved epigenetic silencing of key cell cycle regulators as a consequence of altered chr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Costimulation molecule expression and subset distribution of blood dendritic cells in normal children and newly diagnosed pediatric leukemia and lymphoma patients.

Journal Article Exp Hematol · December 2008 OBJECTIVE: To characterize dendritic cell (DC) numbers, subset distribution, phenotype, and costimulation molecule expression in a normal pediatric population and in a lymphoblastic malignant pretherapy pediatric population. DC are potent antigen-presentin ... Full text Link to item Cite

Rhabdoid tumour: a malignancy of early childhood with variable primary site, histology and clinical behaviour.

Journal Article Pathology · December 2008 AIMS: To correlate the immunostaining for INI1 protein and mutations in INI1 gene in possible rhabdoid tumours (RT) and atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumours (AT/RT) seen at the Royal Children's Hospital in the last 10 years, and to study the clinicopathologi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Amifostine protects against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in children with average-risk medulloblastoma.

Journal Article J Clin Oncol · August 1, 2008 PURPOSE: To determine the role of amifostine as a protectant against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in patients with average-risk (AR) medulloblastoma treated with craniospinal radiotherapy and four cycles of cisplatin-based, dose-intense chemotherapy and s ... Full text Link to item Cite

In vitro sensitivity testing of minimally passaged and uncultured gliomas with TRAIL and/or chemotherapy drugs.

Journal Article Br J Cancer · July 22, 2008 TRAIL/Apo-2L has shown promise as an anti-glioma drug, based on investigations of TRAIL sensitivity in established glioma cell lines, but it is not known how accurately TRAIL signalling pathways of glioma cells in vivo are reproduced in these cell lines in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Intramedullary spinal cord tumors: Patterns of care in Victoria from 1998-2000

Journal Article Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Oncology · June 1, 2008 Aim: This study describes the management of and outcomes for adult patients with newly diagnosed intramedullary spinal cord tumors during 1998-2000 in Victoria. Methods: The adult patients were identified in aretrospective cohort study conducted by surveyi ... Full text Cite

The use of chemotherapy in patients with gliomas: patterns of care in Victoria from 1998-2000.

Journal Article J Clin Neurosci · April 2008 Chemotherapy has an increasing role in the management of gliomas. In particular, chemotherapy provides survival and quality of life benefits in the setting of recurrent high-grade gliomas and in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme. We hav ... Full text Link to item Cite

Brain stem gliomas: patterns of care in Victoria from 1998-2000.

Journal Article J Clin Neurosci · March 2008 This study describes the management of and outcomes for adult and paediatric patients with newly diagnosed brain stem gliomas during 1998-2000 in Victoria. Adult patients were identified in a retrospective cohort study conducted by surveying doctors involv ... Full text Link to item Cite

Multi-institution prospective trial of reduced-dose craniospinal irradiation (23.4 Gy) followed by conformal posterior fossa (36 Gy) and primary site irradiation (55.8 Gy) and dose-intensive chemotherapy for average-risk medulloblastoma.

Journal Article Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys · March 1, 2008 PURPOSE: Limiting the neurocognitive sequelae of radiotherapy (RT) has been an objective in the treatment of medulloblastoma. Conformal RT to less than the entire posterior fossa (PF) after craniospinal irradiation might reduce neurocognitive sequelae and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Temozolomide in pediatric low-grade glioma.

Journal Article Pediatr Blood Cancer · November 2007 BACKGROUND: We describe a retrospective series of children with low-grade glioma who received temozolomide. PROCEDURE: Eligible patients had had a diagnosis of low-grade glioma with or without histological confirmation. Temozolomide was administered at a d ... Full text Link to item Cite

Adverse hypersensitivity reactions to mesna as adjunctive therapy for cyclophosphamide.

Journal Article Pediatr Blood Cancer · September 2007 Mesna is widely used for the prevention of cyclophosphamide-related hemorrhagic cystitis. It has been associated with hypersensitivity-like cutaneous and systemic reactions in adult patients. We report a series of children with malignant disease, who devel ... Full text Link to item Cite

Polymorphisms in genes encoding drug metabolizing enzymes and their influence on the outcome of children with neuroblastoma.

Journal Article Pharmacogenet Genomics · September 2007 BACKGROUND: Although several studies have shown that drug metabolizing enzyme gene polymorphisms may influence the impact of therapy in childhood leukemia, no comprehensive investigations have been carried out in children with neuroblastoma. The aim of thi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Multiple factors contribute to neuropsychological outcome in children with posterior fossa tumors.

Journal Article Dev Neuropsychol · 2007 Cognitive deficits are frequently reported in children treated for posterior fossa (PF) tumors. A range of tumor, treatment, medical and treatment complications have been implicated in causing a variety of cognitive deficits. The aim of this study is to id ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pediatric brain tumor patients: their parents' perceptions of the hospital experience.

Journal Article J Pediatr Oncol Nurs · 2007 Studies have shown that admission to the hospital of a child can induce feelings of fear and helplessness in parents, challenging usual patterns of coping and parenting competence. Stress has been associated with parents' need to establish effective commun ... Full text Link to item Cite

Intelligence and adaptive function in children diagnosed with brain tumour during infancy.

Journal Article J Neurooncol · December 2006 BACKGROUND: Late effects of treatment in children diagnosed and treated for brain tumours in infancy is a major concern. Assessment of infants presenting with brain tumours is difficult and there is little information available regarding the development of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Risk-adapted craniospinal radiotherapy followed by high-dose chemotherapy and stem-cell rescue in children with newly diagnosed medulloblastoma (St Jude Medulloblastoma-96): long-term results from a prospective, multicentre trial.

Journal Article Lancet Oncol · October 2006 BACKGROUND: Current treatment for medulloblastoma, which includes postoperative radiotherapy and 1 year of chemotherapy, does not cure many children with high-risk disease. We aimed to investigate the effectiveness of risk-adapted radiotherapy followed by ... Full text Link to item Cite

Caspase-8 levels correlate with the expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 in high-grade but not lower grade neuroblastoma.

Journal Article Cancer · August 15, 2006 BACKGROUND: Previous studies in advanced-stage neuroblastoma (NB) have shown a link between the silencing of caspase-8 and methylation of a regulatory region at the boundary between caspase-8 exon 3 and intron 3. However, a number of recent studies from NB ... Full text Link to item Cite

Human Bcl-2 cannot directly inhibit the Caenorhabditis elegans Apaf-1 homologue CED-4, but can interact with EGL-1.

Journal Article J Cell Sci · June 15, 2006 Although the anti-apoptotic activity of Bcl-2 has been extensively studied, its mode of action is still incompletely understood. In the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, 131 of 1090 somatic cells undergo programmed cell death during development. Transgenic ... Full text Link to item Cite

Adolescent and young adult cancer: a revolution in evolution?

Journal Article Intern Med J · May 2006 The optimal management of adolescent and young adult cancer has been the subject of vigorous debate in paediatric and adult cancer community for many years. This debate is rapidly coming to the boil. There is international recognition that not only is canc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Genomics identifies medulloblastoma subgroups that are enriched for specific genetic alterations.

Conference J Clin Oncol · April 20, 2006 PURPOSE: Traditional genetic approaches to identify gene mutations in cancer are expensive and laborious. Nonetheless, if we are to avoid rejecting effective molecular targeted therapies, we must test these drugs in patients whose tumors harbor mutations i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Management of glioma in Victoria (1998-2000): retrospective cohort study.

Journal Article Med J Aust · March 20, 2006 OBJECTIVE: To describe the management of and outcomes in a population-based cohort of patients with newly diagnosed glioma. DESIGN, SETTING AND PATIENTS: Retrospective cohort study of patients with glioma newly diagnosed over the period 1998-2000 in Victor ... Full text Link to item Cite

Phase II study of two-weekly temozolomide in patients with high-grade gliomas.

Journal Article J Clin Neurosci · January 2006 Palliative chemotherapy has an increasing role in the management of recurrent high-grade gliomas. Temozolomide is a well-tolerated agent that results in objective responses and stabilisation of disease. Theoretically, temozolomide may be more effective whe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Caspase 8 is absent or low in many ex vivo gliomas.

Journal Article Cancer · October 1, 2005 BACKGROUND: Better treatments are required urgently for patients with malignant glioma, which currently is incurable. Death ligands, such as tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), may offer promise for the treatment high-grade gli ... Full text Link to item Cite

Neurocognitive consequences of risk-adapted therapy for childhood medulloblastoma.

Journal Article J Clin Oncol · August 20, 2005 PURPOSE: This prospective, longitudinal study examined the effects of risk-adapted craniospinal irradiation (CSI) dose and the interactions of dose with age and time from diagnosis on intelligence quotient (IQ) and academic achievement (reading, spelling, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Caspase-8 status of ex vivo gliomas

Conference NEURO-ONCOLOGY · July 1, 2005 Link to item Cite

Results of a Phase I study utilizing monocyte-derived dendritic cells pulsed with tumor RNA in children with Stage 4 neuroblastoma.

Journal Article Cancer · March 15, 2005 BACKGROUND: A Phase I study of 11 pediatric patients with newly diagnosed, Stage 4 neuroblastoma was conducted using monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DC) pulsed with tumor RNA to produce antitumor vaccines (DC(RNA)). METHODS: Patients received two courses ... Full text Link to item Cite

Urinary diversion in children with pelvic tumors.

Journal Article J Pediatr Surg · December 2004 PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate children presenting with malignant pelvic tumors obstructing the upper urinary tract. METHODS: Seventeen children with upper urinary tract obstruction by a malignant tumor were reviewed. A nephrostomy tube ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Caenorhabditis elegans CED-9 protein does not directly inhibit the caspase CED-3, in vitro nor in yeast.

Journal Article Cell Death Differ · December 2004 A genetically defined pathway orchestrates the removal of 131 of the 1090 somatic cells generated during the development of the hermaphrodite nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Regulation of apoptosis is highly evolutionarily conserved and the nematode cell ... Full text Link to item Cite

White matter lesions detected by magnetic resonance imaging after radiotherapy and high-dose chemotherapy in children with medulloblastoma or primitive neuroectodermal tumor.

Journal Article J Clin Oncol · November 15, 2004 PURPOSE: White matter lesions (WMLs) have been described as a delayed effect of cranial irradiation in children with brain tumors, or a transient subacute effect characterized by an intralesional or perilesional reaction. We report the occurrence of subacu ... Full text Link to item Cite

Supratentorial tanycytic ependymoma.

Journal Article J Clin Neurosci · November 2004 Tanycytic ependymoma is a rare fibrillary variant of ependymoma with a predilection for the spinal cord. We present an unusual supratentorial subcortical tanycytic ependymoma in a 17-year old male presenting with seizures. Only two other cases of subcortic ... Full text Link to item Cite

Results of a phase II upfront window of pharmacokinetically guided topotecan in high-risk medulloblastoma and supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumor.

Journal Article J Clin Oncol · August 15, 2004 PURPOSE: To assess the antitumor efficacy of pharmacokinetically guided topotecan dosing in previously untreated patients with medulloblastoma and supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumors, and to evaluate plasma and CSF disposition of topotecan in t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Results of a phase 1 study utilizing monocyte-derived dendritic cells pulsed with tumor RNA in children and young adults with brain cancer.

Journal Article Neuro Oncol · July 2004 We conducted a phase 1 study of 9 pediatric patients with recurrent brain tumors using monocyte-derived dendritic cells pulsed with tumor RNA to produce antitumor vaccine (DCRNA) preparations. The objectives of this study included (1) establishing safety a ... Full text Link to item Cite

BCNU as second line therapy for recurrent high-grade glioma previously treated with Temozolomide.

Journal Article J Clin Neurosci · May 2004 BCNU has an established role in the treatment of high-grade gliomas and has previously been used as first line therapy for recurrent disease. More recently, Temozolomide has taken its place as first line therapy for recurrent high-grade glioma. Thus, BCNU ... Full text Link to item Cite

Clinical, histopathologic, and molecular markers of prognosis: toward a new disease risk stratification system for medulloblastoma.

Journal Article J Clin Oncol · March 15, 2004 PURPOSE: To assess the feasibility of performing central molecular analyses of fresh medulloblastomas obtained from multiple institutions and using these data to identify prognostic markers for contemporaneously treated patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nin ... Full text Link to item Cite

Caspase-8 levels affect necessity for mitochondrial amplification in death ligand-induced glioma cell apoptosis.

Journal Article Mol Carcinog · March 2004 Fifty percent of high-grade glioma patients die within a year of diagnosis and less than two percent survive five years postdiagnosis. Elucidating apoptosis signaling pathways may assist in designing better adjuvant therapies. Preliminary characterizations ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cancer in adolescents and young adults: treatment and outcome in Victoria.

Journal Article Med J Aust · January 19, 2004 OBJECTIVES: To describe the location of treatment, recruitment to clinical trials and outcomes for adolescents and young adults treated for cancer in Victoria. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective review of all adolescents and young adults aged 10-24 years di ... Full text Link to item Cite

Phase 2 study of temozolomide and Caelyx in patients with recurrent glioblastoma multiforme.

Journal Article Neuro Oncol · January 2004 Temozolomide has established activity in the treatment of recurrent glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Caelyx (liposomal doxorubicin) has established activity in a broad range of tumors but has not been extensively evaluated in the treatment of GBM. Phase 1 da ... Full text Link to item Cite

Megestrol acetate in pediatric oncology patients may lead to severe, symptomatic adrenal suppression.

Journal Article Cancer · July 15, 2003 BACKGROUND: Despite the widespread use of megestrol acetate (MA) among a growing number of pediatric oncology departments, there is only one published study on the use of MA in children with malignant disease. The objectives of the current study were to ex ... Full text Link to item Cite

To the editor [3]

Journal Article Journal of Clinical Oncology · March 15, 2003 Full text Cite

General anaesthesia or conscious sedation for painful procedures in childhood cancer: the family's perspective.

Journal Article Arch Dis Child · March 2003 BACKGROUND: Until recently, midazolam sedation was routinely used in our institution for bone marrow aspirates and lumbar punctures in children with cancer. It has been perceived by many doctors and nurses as being well tolerated by children and their fami ... Full text Link to item Cite

Health-related quality of life of children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: comparisons and correlations between parent and clinician reports.

Journal Article Int J Cancer · February 10, 2003 The improving prognosis for children with cancer refocuses attention to long-term outcomes with an emphasis on quality of life. Few studies have examined relationships and differences in reported results between the parent, child and clinician. We examined ... Full text Link to item Cite

The p35 relative, p49, inhibits mammalian and Drosophila caspases including DRONC and protects against apoptosis.

Journal Article Cell Death Differ · December 2002 This study characterized the ability of a new member of the p35 family, p49, to inhibit a number of mammalian and insect caspases. p49 blocked apoptosis triggered by treatment with Fas ligand (FasL), Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mobilization of dendritic cells in cancer patients treated with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and chemotherapy.

Journal Article Br J Haematol · October 2002 The number of dendritic cells (DC) circulating in the peripheral blood of cancer patients were monitored at multiple time points during chemotherapy and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) support. DC were identified via the lack of expression of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Temozolomide-induced flare in high-grade gliomas: a new clinical entity.

Journal Article Intern Med J · July 2002 A transient deterioration in neurological status following commencement of chemotherapy for high-grade gliomas has not been previously described. We report eight cases of transient deterioration following administration of temozolomide, a relatively new cy ... Full text Link to item Cite

Phase II study of carboplatin in children with progressive low-grade gliomas.

Journal Article J Clin Oncol · July 1, 2002 PURPOSE: To assess the rate of tumor response and activity of carboplatin in stabilizing the growth of progressive low-grade gliomas. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eligible patients received carboplatin 560 mg/m(2) intravenously every 4 weeks for 1 year after maxi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Treatment of high risk or recurrent meningiomas with hydroxyurea.

Journal Article J Clin Neurosci · March 2002 Recurrent, irresectable meningioma constitutes an uncommon but significant problem. Many systemic therapies have been tested without clear evidence of efficacy. More recently, two reports have suggested that hydroxyurea has activity in this context. This s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Expression and mutation analysis of the Wilms' tumor 1 gene in human neural tumors.

Journal Article Int J Cancer · February 10, 2002 The Wilms' tumor 1 gene, WT1, encodes a zinc-finger protein that is implicated in the development of Wilms' tumor. Mutant or aberrantly expressed WT1 isoforms have also been described in desmoplastic small round cell tumor, acute leukemias, mesothelioma, b ... Full text Link to item Cite

Current and future directions for cancer immunotherapy

Journal Article Cancer Forum · January 1, 2002 Cite

Visual improvement despite radiologically stable disease after treatment with carboplatin in children with progressive low-grade optic/thalamic gliomas.

Journal Article J Pediatr Hematol Oncol · December 2001 BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to examine the clinical and radiologic response to carboplatin by children with progressive optic/thalamic gliomas. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between July 1997 and July 1999, 12 consecutive children were treated with m ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ex vivo pediatric brain tumors express Fas (CD95) and FasL (CD95L) and are resistant to apoptosis induction.

Journal Article Neuro Oncol · October 2001 Fas (APO-1/CD95/TNFRSF6) is a member of the tumor necrosis/nerve growth factor receptor family that signals apoptotic cell death in sensitive cells. Expression of Fas and its agonistic ligand (FasL/TNFSF6) was investigated in ex vivo pediatric brain tumor ... Full text Link to item Cite

Analysis of candidate antagonists of IAP-mediated caspase inhibition using yeast reconstituted with the mammalian Apaf-1-activated apoptosis mechanism.

Journal Article Apoptosis · October 2001 We have reconstituted the Apaf-1-activated apoptosis mechanism in Sacchromyces cerevisiae such that the presence of a constitutively active form of Apaf-1 together with both Caspase-9 and Caspase-3 results in yeast death. This system is a good model of the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Analysis of FasL and TRAIL induced apoptosis pathways in glioma cells.

Journal Article Oncogene · September 13, 2001 FasL and TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) belong to a subgroup of the TNF superfamily which induce apoptosis by binding to their death domain containing receptors. In the present study we have utilized a panel of seven cell lines derived from ... Full text Link to item Cite

Expression of GAGE genes in neuroblastoma by reverse transcription - Polymerase chain reaction

Journal Article Cancer Research Therapy and Control · July 14, 2001 Problem. Several tumor specific antigens have now been identified as coded for by the families of genes termed MAGE, BAGE and GAGE. The objective of this study was to explore the expression of the GAGE gene subtypes on biopsy or surgical excision specimens ... Cite

An Australian experience with temozolomide for the treatment of recurrent high grade gliomas.

Journal Article J Clin Neurosci · July 2001 Temozolomide has an evolving role in the treatment of high grade gliomas. Recent studies suggest that temozolomide is well tolerated and efficacious. This study retrospectively analysed the activity and toxicity associated with temozolomide at two Australi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Feasibility of four consecutive high-dose chemotherapy cycles with stem-cell rescue for patients with newly diagnosed medulloblastoma or supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumor after craniospinal radiotherapy: results of a collaborative study.

Journal Article J Clin Oncol · May 15, 2001 PURPOSE: This study was designed to determine the feasibility and safety of delivering four consecutive cycles of high-dose cyclophosphamide, cisplatin, and vincristine, each followed by stem-cell rescue, every 4 weeks, after completion of risk-adapted cra ... Full text Link to item Cite

Phase I trial of carmustine plus O6-benzylguanine for patients with recurrent or progressive malignant glioma.

Journal Article J Clin Oncol · October 15, 2000 PURPOSE: The major mechanism of resistance to alkylnitrosourea therapy involves the DNA repair protein O(6)-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase (AGT), which removes chloroethylation or methylation damage from the O(6) position of guanine. O(6)-benzylguanine ... Full text Link to item Cite

Unarmed, tumor-specific monoclonal antibody effectively treats brain tumors.

Journal Article Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · June 20, 2000 The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is often amplified and rearranged structurally in tumors of the brain, breast, lung, and ovary. The most common mutation, EGFRvIII, is characterized by an in-frame deletion of 801 base pairs, resulting in the gen ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cosa, Melbourne 1999

Journal Article Cancer Forum · January 1, 2000 Cite

High-dose methotrexate for primary CNS lymphoma in the elderly.

Journal Article Neuro Oncol · January 2000 Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) in the immunocompetent patient reaches a peak incidence in the sixth and seventh decades of life. This retrospective study reviewed the efficacy and tolerability of high-dose methotrexate (HDMTX) in an elderl ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evaluation of pre-radiotherapy cyclophosphamide in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme. Writing Committee for The Brain Tumor Center at Duke.

Journal Article J Neurooncol · 2000 Cyclophosphamide is an alkylating agent that has shown activity in the treatment of pediatric brain tumors, including high-grade gliomas. This study was designed to evaluate the response of patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme to pre-radio ... Full text Link to item Cite

Irinotecan therapy in adults with recurrent or progressive malignant glioma.

Journal Article J Clin Oncol · May 1999 PURPOSE: To determine the activity, toxicity, and pharmacokinetics of irinotecan (CPT-11, Camptosar; Pharmacia & Upjohn, Kalamazoo, MI) in the treatment of adults with progressive, persistent, or recurrent malignant glioma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients w ... Full text Link to item Cite

Expression of MAGE and GAGE in high-grade brain tumors: a potential target for specific immunotherapy and diagnostic markers.

Journal Article Clin Cancer Res · February 1999 The mRNA expression of the tumor-associated antigens MAGE and GAGE was examined in 60 high-grade brain tumors. This analysis was performed by using reverse transcription-PCR, Southern blotting, and sequencing. It was demonstrated that, of the eight GAGE ge ... Link to item Cite

Laboratory advances in central nervous system tumours

Journal Article Cancer Forum · December 1, 1998 Cite

DNA mismatch repair and O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase analysis and response to Temodal in newly diagnosed malignant glioma.

Journal Article J Clin Oncol · December 1998 PURPOSE: We evaluated the response to Temodal (Schering-Plough Research Institute, Kenilworth, NJ) of patients with newly diagnosed malignant glioma, as well as the predictive value of quantifying tumor DNA mismatch repair activity and O6-alkylguanine-DNA ... Full text Link to item Cite

Phase I trial of O6-benzylguanine for patients undergoing surgery for malignant glioma.

Journal Article J Clin Oncol · November 1998 PURPOSE: The major mechanism of resistance to alkylnitrosourea therapy is the DNA repair protein O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase (AGT), which removes chlorethylation or methylation damage from the O6-position of guanine. O6-benzylguanine (O6-BG) is an ... Full text Link to item Cite

Local production of TGF beta1 inhibits cerebral edema, enhances TNF-alpha induced apoptosis and improves survival in a murine glioma model.

Journal Article J Neuroimmunol · June 1, 1998 We have previously reported that local secretion of either TNF-alpha or TGF beta1 by intracerebral SMA-560 malignant glioma tumor cells can reduce or eliminate tumor growth in mice. However, the use of TNF-alpha, while improving the overall survival of tum ... Full text Link to item Cite

Phase II study of carboplatin (CBDCA) in progressive low-grade gliomas.

Journal Article Neurosurg Focus · April 15, 1998 In this study, the authors sought to investigate the response rate and toxicity of carboplatin in patients with progressive low-grade glioma (LGG). Thirty-two patients with progressive LGG were treated with carboplatin at a dosage of 560 mg/m(2). Treatment ... Full text Link to item Cite

Activity of high-dose cyclophosphamide in the treatment of childhood malignant gliomas.

Journal Article Med Pediatr Oncol · February 1998 Seventeen patients less than or equal to 20 years of age with newly diagnosed (n = 10) or recurrent (n = 7) malignant gliomas (anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma multiforme) were treated with cyclophosphamide in association with hematopoietic cytokine ... Full text Link to item Cite

Endogenous expression of transforming growth factor beta1 inhibits growth and tumorigenicity and enhances Fas-mediated apoptosis in a murine high-grade glioma model.

Journal Article Cancer Res · January 15, 1998 It has been hypothesized that transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) may prevent immune-mediated glioma cell elimination; however, previous work has also indicated that increased TGF-beta may lead to reduced proliferation, induction of apoptosis, and e ... Link to item Cite

Recent advances in the biology of central nervous system tumors.

Journal Article Curr Opin Neurol · December 1997 The failure of conventional therapies for many malignant brain tumors has led to a search for more promising alternatives. Recent advances have elucidated a variety of biological factors that act to determine the growth and invasiveness of central nervous ... Full text Link to item Cite

Characterization of a spontaneous murine astrocytoma and abrogation of its tumorigenicity by cytokine secretion.

Journal Article Neurosurgery · December 1997 OBJECTIVE: The promise of immunotherapies developed against brain tumors in animal models has not been realized in human clinical trials. This may be because of the routine use of rodent tumors artificially induced by chemicals or viruses that do not accur ... Full text Link to item Cite

Bone marrow-generated dendritic cells pulsed with tumor extracts or tumor RNA induce antitumor immunity against central nervous system tumors.

Journal Article J Exp Med · October 6, 1997 Recent studies have shown that the brain is not a barrier to successful active immunotherapy that uses gene-modified autologous tumor cell vaccines. In this study, we compared the efficacy of two types of vaccines for the treatment of tumors within the cen ... Full text Link to item Cite

A genetically modified allogeneic cellular vaccine generates MHC class I-restricted cytotoxic responses against tumor-associated antigens and protects against CNS tumors in vivo.

Journal Article J Neuroimmunol · September 1997 An active immunotherapeutic strategy using transfected allogeneic cells for targeting the mutant epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFRvIII) on intracranial tumors was examined. Immunization with allogeneic 300.19/EGFRvIII cells induced CD8+ cytotoxic T-ly ... Full text Link to item Cite

Subcutaneous vaccination with irradiated, cytokine-producing tumor cells stimulates CD8+ cell-mediated immunity against tumors located in the "immunologically privileged" central nervous system.

Journal Article Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · September 17, 1996 Vaccination with cytokine-producing tumor cells generates potent immune responses against tumors outside the central nervous system (CNS). The CNS, however, is a barrier to allograft and xenograft rejection, and established tumors within the CNS have faile ... Full text Link to item Cite

Response of recurrent medulloblastoma to low-dose oral etoposide.

Journal Article J Clin Oncol · June 1996 PURPOSE: The outcome for patients with recurrent medulloblastoma has historically been poor, with most patients dying of disseminated disease. Here, we report on seven patients with recurrent medulloblastoma, most heavily pretreated with a variety of chemo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Treatment of patients with pineoblastoma with high dose cyclophosphamide.

Journal Article Med Pediatr Oncol · June 1996 The outcome for patients with pineoblastoma has historically been very poor, with most patients dying of disseminated disease despite irradiation. Furthermore, the low incidence of this tumor has hindered progress toward defining better treatment strategie ... Full text Link to item Cite

Viable bone marrow stromal cells are required for the in vitro survival of B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemic cells.

Journal Article Leuk Res · February 1995 The growth of B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemic (BCP ALL) cells in vitro is dependent on interactions with bone marrow (BM) stromal cells. We have recently demonstrated that the rate of cell division of BCP ALL cells increases when cultured in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Flow cytometric analysis of intercellular adhesion between B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemic cells and bone marrow stromal cells.

Journal Article Leukemia · January 1995 The growth of B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemic (BCP ALL) cells in vitro is dependent on interactions with bone marrow (BM) stromal cells. We have recently demonstrated that the rate of cell division of BCP ALL cells increases when cultured in ... Link to item Cite

Human bone marrow stromal cell contact and soluble factors have different effects on the survival and proliferation of paediatric B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukaemic blasts.

Journal Article Leuk Res · May 1994 Recent studies have confirmed that in vitro viability and proliferation of precursor B-cell leukaemia (ALL) cells are linked to the presence of bone marrow derived stromal cells. To investigate whether this effect is mediated by direct contact or through t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Measurement of the growth parameters of precursor B-acute lymphoblastic leukaemic cells in co-culture with bone marrow stromal cells; detection of two cd10 positive populations with different proliferative capacities and survival.

Journal Article Leuk Res · January 1994 A new assay system using the fluorescent probe PKH 26 GL was employed to investigate the regulation of precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemic (ALL) cell growth. PKH 26 GL is a lipophilic fluorescent probe which becomes incorporated into the plasma ... Full text Link to item Cite

A novel approach to the measurement of different in vitro leukaemic cell growth parameters: the use of PKH GL fluorescent probes.

Journal Article Leuk Res · October 1993 The application of the fluorescent cell membrane probes PKH2 and PKH 26 GL in the measurement of leukaemic cell growth was examined on four cell lines K562, NALM-6, ACV (a pre-B cell line) and HL-60 using flow cytometry. As the amount of probe per cell red ... Full text Link to item Cite