Scholars@Duke
Kathryn IIonka Pollak

Kathryn IIonka Pollak

Professor in Population Health Sciences
Population Health Sciences
kathryn.pollak@duke.edu
Box 2715, Durham, NC 27710
2424 Erwin Road Suite 602, Durham, NC 27710

Selected Publications

Exploring Racial Differences in Family Expressions of Emotion and Clinician Empathy in ICU Family Meetings

Conference Chest Critical Care · December 1, 2025 Background: Critical care guidelines recommend that clinicians provide emotional support to families of critically ill patients during family meetings. Little is known about how family member race impacts how emotions are expressed and supported in meeting ... Full text Cite

Qualitative study of Black and Latino (a/e) caregiver participation on family-centered rounds.

Journal Article Patient Educ Couns · October 2025 BACKGROUND: Family-centered rounds (FCR), multi-disciplinary rounds at bedside that involve the patient and family, has become the standard of care in pediatric hospitalizations. Caregiver participation on FCR improves shared-decision making and communicat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Examining Potential Implicit Bias in Oncologist-Patient Communication (CONNECT): Protocol for an Observational 2-Site Study.

Journal Article JMIR Res Protoc · August 14, 2025 BACKGROUND: Compared with White patients, minoritized patients (Black and Hispanic patients) have a higher incidence of advanced solid cancers and have a higher mortality. These patients also report poor patient-centered communication and worse pain assess ... Full text Link to item Cite

Feasibility of an Intervention to Support Shared Decision-Making for Critically Ill Infants.

Journal Article J Pediatr · August 2025 OBJECTIVE: To develop and pilot an intervention to support communication and decision-making for critically ill infants. STUDY DESIGN: In this single-arm, mixed-methods, prospective, feasibility study, we enrolled infants, parents, and clinicians at a sing ... Full text Link to item Cite

Untrustworthiness, ineffective communication, and discrimination: The real issues behind lower utilization of labor epidural analgesia by Black Americans.

Journal Article Nurs Outlook · July 1, 2025 BACKGROUND: Non-Hispanic Black pregnant individuals utilize up to 50% less labor epidural analgesia compared to non-Hispanic White individuals. PURPOSE: This Outlook and Perspectives aims to evaluate the factors contributing to racial differences in the ut ... Full text Link to item Cite

An evaluation framework for ambient digital scribing tools in clinical applications.

Journal Article NPJ Digit Med · June 13, 2025 Ambient digital scribing (ADS) tools alleviate clinician documentation burden, reducing burnout and enhancing efficiency. As AI-driven ADS tools integrate into clinical workflows, robust governance is essential for ethical and secure deployment. This study ... Full text Link to item Cite

'More like a partnership': A qualitative evaluation of Communication Coaching for Sonographers (CCS) in obstetric ultrasound.

Journal Article Ultrasound · May 2025 INTRODUCTION: Sonographers are required to deliver unexpected news to expectant parents in real time during obstetric ultrasound scans. The complexity of these interactions requires sonographers to conduct the clinical task while communicating their findin ... Full text Link to item Cite

An Intervention to Increase Advance Care Planning Among Older Adults With Advanced Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Journal Article JAMA Netw Open · May 1, 2025 IMPORTANCE: Many older adults with advanced cancer never communicate goals of care or treatment preferences to their clinicians, raising the risk that care received will not match their values. Scalable models of care may help surmount this barrier. OBJECT ... Full text Link to item Cite

Enhancing shared decision-making for infants in the intensive care unit: lessons from parents.

Journal Article Pediatr Res · April 17, 2025 BACKGROUND: Understanding parent preferences and experiences of decision-making can guide interventions to improve shared decision-making. We aimed to characterize how parents (1) incorporated values into decision-making, (2) evaluated clinician recommenda ... Full text Link to item Cite

Physician-dominated conversations: An analysis of illness understanding discussions among patients with advanced cancer.

Journal Article Patient Educ Couns · April 2025 CONTEXT: Effective communication between patients and oncologists is crucial, particularly around illness understanding. When this communication is asymmetric or imbalanced, it can hinder shared decision-making and lead to suboptimal clinical outcomes. OBJ ... Full text Link to item Cite

Perspectives on Implementing a Communication Facilitator Intervention From a Critical Care Setting.

Journal Article J Pain Symptom Manage · April 2025 CONTEXT: Critically-ill patients and their families often experience communication challenges during their ICU stay and across care transitions. An intervention using communication facilitators may help address these challenges. OBJECTIVES: Using clinician ... Full text Link to item Cite

Building Surgical Character: A Dynamic Simulation Curriculum for Nontechnical Skills.

Journal Article J Surg Educ · April 2025 OBJECTIVE: Previous simulation curricula of nontechnical skills have focused on communication skills or empathy in isolation from technical skills, using feedback from one rater. We aimed to develop and pilot an expanded simulation curriculum focused on si ... Full text Link to item Cite

Application of unified health large language model evaluation framework to In-Basket message replies: bridging qualitative and quantitative assessments.

Journal Article J Am Med Inform Assoc · April 1, 2025 OBJECTIVES: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly utilized in healthcare, transforming medical practice through advanced language processing capabilities. However, the evaluation of LLMs predominantly relies on human qualitative assessment, which i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Discussion of Spirituality in Family Conferences of Infants With Neurologic Conditions.

Journal Article J Pain Symptom Manage · January 2025 INTRODUCTION: Spirituality serves as a mechanism to understand and cope with serious illness, yet little is known about how families and clinicians incorporate spirituality in pediatric family conferences. OBJECTIVES: We sought to characterize the frequenc ... Full text Link to item Cite

A Seat at the Table: Family Conferences for Infants with Neurological Conditions.

Journal Article J Palliat Med · January 2025 Objective: We aimed to characterize parents' perspectives on the value of and opportunities to improve conferences between parents of critically ill infants and the health care team. Background: The parent perspective on the value of family conferences in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prevalence and predictors of chronic disease among rural and medically underserved populations using smokeless tobacco.

Journal Article Front Public Health · 2025 INTRODUCTION: Smokeless tobacco (SLT) is significant public health problem in the U.S. and is associated with chronic diseases, which includes both physical and mental health conditions. Inequities in use exist as rural and other medically underserved popu ... Full text Link to item Cite

Randomized Controlled Trial of a Text-Based Smokeless Tobacco Cessation Intervention for Rural and Medically Underserved Communities.

Journal Article Nicotine Tob Res · December 23, 2024 INTRODUCTION: Smokeless tobacco use remains prevalent in rural and medically underserved populations, leading to increased rates of tobacco-related cancers and chronic disease. While access to effective cessation programs is limited, text-based interventio ... Full text Link to item Cite

Development and Usability of an Advance Care Planning Website (My Voice) to Empower Patients With Heart Failure and Their Caregivers: Mixed Methods Study.

Journal Article JMIR Aging · December 18, 2024 BACKGROUND: Web-based advance care planning (ACP) interventions offer a promising solution to improve ACP engagement, but none are specifically designed to meet the needs of patients with heart failure and their caregivers. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to develop a ... Full text Link to item Cite

The socio-cultural contexts shaping health-seeking behaviours among community members regarding childhood cancer in Tanzania: A qualitative study.

Journal Article Pediatr Blood Cancer · November 2024 BACKGROUND: Timely diagnosis of childhood cancer, early hospital presentation and completion of treatment significantly improve outcomes. Unfortunately, in Tanzania, thousands of children die of cancer each year without ever being diagnosed or treated. To ... Full text Link to item Cite

Medical Team Practices and Interpreter Alterations on Family-Centered Rounds.

Journal Article Hosp Pediatr · November 1, 2024 BACKGROUND: Robust evidence demonstrates inequities in communication during family-centered rounds for families who use a language other than English (LOE) for health care. This study aimed to characterize the type of interpreter alterations occurring on f ... Full text Link to item Cite

Implementation of a Clinician-led Medication Adherence Intervention Among Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Journal Article J Rheumatol · September 1, 2024 OBJECTIVE: Medication nonadherence in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) leads to poor clinical outcomes. We developed a clinician-led adherence intervention that involves reviewing real-time pharmacy refill data and using effective communication to addres ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Lessons Learned Establishing the Palliative Care Research Cooperative's Qualitative Data Repository.

Journal Article J Pain Symptom Manage · September 2024 Data sharing is increasingly an expectation in health research as part of a general move toward more open sciences. In the United States, in particular, the implementation of the 2023 National Institutes of Health Data Management and Sharing Policy has mad ... Full text Link to item Cite

Willingness to trade-off years of life for an HIV cure - an experimental exploration of affective forecasting.

Journal Article AIDS Res Ther · August 6, 2024 BACKGROUND: In the US, 1.2 million people live with HIV (PWH). Despite having near-normal life expectancies due to antiretroviral therapy (ART), many PWH seek an HIV cure, even if it means risking their lives. This willingness to take risks for a cure rais ... Full text Link to item Cite

Neighborhood Public Transportation Access and Adolescent Body Mass Index: Results from the FLASHE Study.

Journal Article Child Obes · July 2024 Background: Prior investigators have examined the relationship between neighborhood public transportation access and physical activity among adolescents, but research is lacking on the association with obesity in this age group. This study examines the ass ... Full text Link to item Cite

Discriminatory and valuing communication behaviors in cardiology encounters.

Journal Article Patient Educ Couns · June 2024 OBJECTIVE: Many have found racial differences in clinician-patient communication using validated codebooks that represent effective communication. No codebooks used for examining racial differences, however, have included patient input. In this paper, we d ... Full text Link to item Cite

Advancing the Science of Palliative Care: Contributions of the Palliative Care Research Cooperative Group.

Journal Article J Palliat Med · May 2024 The Palliative Care Research Cooperative Group (PCRC) formed to lead, catalyze, and empower a community of scientists to build an evidence base to ensure high-quality care and optimal well-being for persons with serious illness and their caregivers. The PC ... Full text Link to item Cite

Race differences in patient trust and distrust from audio-recorded cardiology encounters.

Journal Article Patient Educ Couns · February 2024 OBJECTIVE: Many have reported racial disparities in self-reported trust in clinicians but have not directly assessed expressions of trust and distrust in physician-patient encounters. We created a codebook to examine racial differences in patient trust and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Senior Career Breakout Session: "Vision for the Field ofPalliative Care Research"

Conference JOURNAL OF PAIN AND SYMPTOM MANAGEMENT · 2024 Cite

A qualitative analysis of trust and distrust within patient-clinician interactions.

Journal Article PEC Innov · December 15, 2023 OBJECTIVES: Trust represents a key quality of strong clinician-patient relationships.1 Many have attempted to assess patient-reported trust. However, most trust measures suffer from ceiling effects, with no variability, making it not possible to examine pr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cancer Treatment Decision-Making for People Living With HIV: Physician-Reported Barriers, Facilitators, and Recommendations.

Journal Article J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr · December 15, 2023 BACKGROUND: Compared with the general cancer population, people living with HIV (PLWH) and cancer are less likely to receive treatment and have significantly elevated cancer-specific mortality for many common cancer types. Physician recommendations drive t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Communication coaching for sonographers (CCS): Preliminary evaluation of a novel intervention to improve unexpected news delivery.

Journal Article PEC Innov · December 15, 2023 OBJECTIVE: Obstetric ultrasound scans provide real-time results. In some organisations and countries, the immediate communication of results by sonographers to patients is standard practice, but there is a lack of evidence-based training to support them wi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Adapting a communication coaching intervention for obstetric sonographers delivering unexpected news: A qualitative study.

Journal Article Ultrasound · November 2023 INTRODUCTION: Despite widespread recognition that communicating unexpected news during obstetric ultrasound examinations is challenging, there is a dearth of research investigating how to teach evidence-based communication to sonographers. Communication Co ... Full text Link to item Cite

Supporting Disclosure of Unmet Mental Health Needs among Parents of Critically Ill Infants.

Journal Article J Pediatr · November 2023 OBJECTIVE: To characterize (1) the prevalence of mental health discussion and (2) facilitators of and barriers to parent disclosure of mental health needs to clinicians. STUDY DESIGN: Parents of infants with neurologic conditions in neonatal and pediatric ... Full text Link to item Cite

Empathic communication between clinicians, patients, and care partners in palliative care encounters.

Journal Article Patient Educ Couns · September 2023 OBJECTIVE: Palliative care encounters often involve empathic opportunities conveyed by patients and their care partners. In this secondary analysis, we examined empathic opportunities and clinician responses with attention to how presence of multiple care ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Use of Templates for Documenting Advance Care Planning Conversations: A Descriptive Analysis.

Journal Article J Pain Symptom Manage · August 2023 CONTEXT: While professional societies and expert panels have recommended quality indicators related to advance care planning (ACP) documentation, including using structured documentation templates, it is unclear how clinicians document these conversations. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patient and Caregiver Expression of Reluctance and Ambivalence During Palliative Care Encounters.

Journal Article J Palliat Med · July 6, 2023 Context: Patients with serious illness and their caregivers often face challenging decisions. When faced with these decisions, patients and caregivers may display signs of ambivalence and reluctance toward end-of-life decision making. Methods: We recruited ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of a Coaching Intervention to Improve Cardiologist Communication: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Journal Article JAMA Intern Med · June 1, 2023 IMPORTANCE: Communication between cardiologists and patients can significantly affect patient comprehension, adherence, and satisfaction. To our knowledge, a coaching intervention to improve cardiologist communication has not been tested. OBJECTIVE: To eva ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Improving Cancer Care for People Living With HIV: A Qualitative Study of Provider Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice.

Journal Article Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys · May 1, 2023 PURPOSE: Cancer is now the leading cause of non-AIDS death in the US population with HIV. People living with HIV (PLWH) are known to have lower cancer treatment rates and worse cancer outcomes. Disparate cancer treatment is driven by health system, patient ... Full text Link to item Cite

Development of a keyword library for capturing PRO-CTCAE-focused "symptom talk" in oncology conversations.

Journal Article JAMIA Open · April 2023 OBJECTIVES: As computational methods for detecting symptoms can help us better attend to patient suffering, the objectives of this study were to develop and evaluate the performance of a natural language processing keyword library for detecting symptom tal ... Full text Link to item Cite

The ALIGN Framework: A Parent-Informed Approach to Prognostic Communication for Infants With Neurologic Conditions.

Journal Article Neurology · February 21, 2023 BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Clinicians often communicate complex, uncertain, and distressing information about neurologic prognosis to parents of critically ill infants. Although communication tools have been developed in other disciplines and settings, non ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assessing the feasibility and acceptability of a peer-based communication coaching model among hospital clinicians.

Journal Article PEC Innov · December 2022 OBJECTIVE: Communication coaching shows promise for improving clinician communication yet few have assessed the feasibility of having peers coach each other. We conducted a proof-of-concept study to test the feasibility and acceptability of a peer-based co ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Examining the relationship between clinician communication and patient participatory behaviors in cardiology encounters.

Journal Article Patient Educ Couns · December 2022 OBJECTIVES: Examine the association of coder ratings of cardiologist behaviors and global scores of cardiologist communication style with patient participation in clinic encounters. METHODS: We coded transcripts of clinic encounters for patient participato ... Full text Link to item Cite

Racial and Ethnic Differences in Communication Quality During Family-Centered Rounds.

Journal Article Pediatrics · December 1, 2022 OBJECTIVES: To evaluate racial and ethnic differences in communication quality during family centered rounds. METHODS: We conducted an observational study of family-centered rounds on hospital day 1. All enrolled caregivers completed a survey following rou ... Full text Link to item Cite

Empathic Communication in Specialty Palliative Care Encounters: An Analysis of Opportunities and Responses.

Journal Article J Palliat Med · November 2022 Background: Although empathic responding is considered a core competency in specialty palliative care (PC), patterns of empathic communication in PC encounters are not well understood. Objectives: In this secondary analysis, we delineate types and frequenc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Characterizing the Language Used to Discuss Death in Family Meetings for Critically Ill Infants.

Journal Article JAMA Netw Open · October 3, 2022 IMPORTANCE: Communication during conversations about death is critical; however, little is known about the language clinicians and families use to discuss death. OBJECTIVE: To characterize (1) the way death is discussed in family meetings between parents o ... Full text Link to item Cite

Characteristics Associated with Burnout among Cardiologists in an Academic Medical Setting: Baseline Survey Results from a Communication Coaching RCT.

Journal Article Behav Sci (Basel) · September 27, 2022 OBJECTIVES: Clinician burnout poses risks not just to clinicians but also to patients and the health system. Cardiologists might be especially prone to burnout due to performing high-risk procedures, having to discuss serious news, and treating diseases th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Utilization of Text Messages to Supplement Rounding Communication: a Randomized Feasibility Study.

Journal Article J Gen Intern Med · September 2022 BACKGROUND: Fragmented communication with patients and families during hospitalizations often leaves patients confused about the daily plan. OBJECTIVE: To pilot a supplemental text message-based platform for improving bidirectional communication about the ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Quitting Smoking before and after Pregnancy: Study Methods and Baseline Data from a Prospective Cohort Study.

Journal Article Int J Environ Res Public Health · August 17, 2022 Smoking during pregnancy and postpartum remains an important public health problem. No known prior study has prospectively examined mutual changes in risk factors and women's smoking trajectory across pregnancy and postpartum. The objective of this study w ... Full text Link to item Cite

Systemic Therapy Decision Making in Advanced Cancer: A Qualitative Analysis of Patient-Oncologist Encounters.

Journal Article JCO Oncol Pract · August 2022 PURPOSE: We sought to characterize patient-oncologist communication and decision making about continuing or limiting systemic therapy in encounters after an initial consultation, with a particular focus on whether and how oncologists foster shared decision ... Full text Link to item Cite

Role of Social Workers in Family Conferences for Critically Ill Infants.

Journal Article J Palliat Med · August 2022 Background: Communication challenges in the neonatal intensive care unit include fragmented communication, challenges managing expectations amidst uncertainty, and navigating complex medical information. Social workers are well suited to mitigate these cha ... Full text Link to item Cite

How can healthcare organizations improve cost-of-care conversations? A qualitative exploration of clinicians' perspectives.

Journal Article Patient Educ Couns · August 2022 OBJECTIVES: Clinicians increasingly believe they should discuss costs with their patients. We aimed to learn what strategies clinicians, clinic leaders, and health systems can use to facilitate vital cost-of-care conversations. METHODS: We conducted focus ... Full text Link to item Cite

Decisional Satisfaction, Regret, and Conflict Among Parents of Infants with Neurologic Conditions.

Journal Article J Pediatr · June 2022 OBJECTIVE: To characterize decisional satisfaction, regret, and conflict among parents of critically ill infants with neurologic conditions. STUDY DESIGN: In this prospective cohort study, we enrolled parents of infants with neurologic conditions in the in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of Smoking Reduction and Cessation on Birth Outcomes in a Scheduled Gradual Reduction Cessation Trial.

Journal Article Matern Child Health J · May 2022 INTRODUCTION: Smoking during pregnancy can affect infant birthweight. We tested whether an intervention that promoted scheduled gradual reduction improved birth outcomes among pregnant women who smoked. We also examined race differences in birth outcomes. ... Full text Link to item Cite

A web-based personalized decision support tool for patients diagnosed with ductal carcinoma in situ: development, content evaluation, and usability testing.

Conference Breast Cancer Res Treat · April 2022 PURPOSE: Patients diagnosed with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) face trade-offs when deciding among different treatments, including surgery, radiation, and endocrine therapy. A less chosen option is active monitoring. While evidence from clinical trials i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Triadic agreement about advanced cancer treatment decisions: Perceptions among patients, families, and oncologists.

Journal Article Patient Educ Couns · April 2022 OBJECTIVES: When patients make cancer treatment decisions, they consider the needs and preferences of family caregivers and clinicians. We examined how much all three triad members agreed about goals of treatment and caregivers' influence on decision-makin ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assessment of parent understanding in conferences for critically ill neonates.

Conference Patient Educ Couns · March 2022 OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to characterize the use and impact of assessments of understanding in parent-clinician communication for critically ill infants. METHODS: We enrolled parents and clinicians participating in family conferences for infants with n ... Full text Link to item Cite

Decision Making for Infants With Neurologic Conditions.

Journal Article J Child Neurol · March 2022 Parents and clinicians caring for infants with neurologic disease often make high-stakes decisions about infant care. To characterize how these decisions occur, we enrolled infants with neurologic conditions, their parents, and their clinicians in a longit ... Full text Link to item Cite

Caregiver Inclusivity and Empowerment During Family-Centered Rounds.

Journal Article Hosp Pediatr · February 1, 2022 OBJECTIVE: Despite widespread adoption of family-centered rounds, few have investigated differences in the experience of family-centered rounds by family race and ethnicity. The purpose of this study was to explore racial and ethnic differences in caregive ... Full text Link to item Cite

Trajectories of Situational Temptations in Pregnant Smokers participating in a Scheduled Gradual Reduction Cessation Trial.

Journal Article Matern Child Health J · January 2022 OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this paper was to examine changes in situational temptations to smoke among women in early to late pregnancy enrolled in a texting trial to help them quit smoking. We compared changes between (1) intervention arms, (2) those who q ... Full text Link to item Cite

LATIN-19: A Grassroots Coalition to Mitigate the Effect of COVID-19 on the Latinx Community in North Carolina.

Journal Article Prog Community Health Partnersh · 2022 BACKGROUND: Social inequity is a primary driver of health disparities, creating multiple barriers to good health. These inequities were exacerbated during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, with Latinx communities suffering more than others. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Implementation mapping for tobacco cessation in a federally qualified health center.

Journal Article Front Public Health · 2022 BACKGROUND: Implementation mapping (IM) is a promising five-step method for guiding planning, execution, and maintenance of an innovation. Case examples are valuable for implementation practitioners to understand considerations for applying IM. This pilot ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Increasing physical activity in Cancer Survivors through a Text-messaging Exercise motivation Program (ICanSTEP).

Journal Article Support Care Cancer · December 2021 PURPOSE: Cancer survivors are often sedentary. Self-monitoring may promote physical activity through self-activation. We conducted a pilot trial to evaluate whether wearable activity tracker with personalized text message feedback would increase physical a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mobile Application to Identify Cancer Treatment-Related Financial Assistance: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Journal Article JCO Oncol Pract · October 2021 PURPOSE: Insured patients with cancer face high treatment-related, out-of-pocket (OOP) costs and often cannot access financial assistance. We conducted a randomized, controlled trial of Bridge, a patient-facing app designed to identify eligible financial r ... Full text Link to item Cite

A Yet Unrealized Promise: Structured Advance Care Planning Elements in the Electronic Health Record.

Journal Article J Palliat Med · August 2021 Background: Electronic health records (EHRs) may help enable reliable, rapid data management for many uses, such as facilitating communication of advance care planning (ACP). However, issues with validity and accuracy of EHRs hinder the use of ACP informat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Facilitating communication for critically ill patients and their family members: Study protocol for two randomized trials implemented in the U.S. and France.

Journal Article Contemp Clin Trials · August 2021 BACKGROUND: Critically-ill patients and their families suffer a high burden of psychological symptoms due, in part, to many transitions among clinicians and settings during and after critical illness, resulting in fragmented care. Communication facilitator ... Full text Link to item Cite

A novel decision aid for acute myeloid leukemia: a feasibility and preliminary efficacy trial.

Journal Article Support Care Cancer · July 2021 PURPOSE: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematologic malignancy characterized by a poor prognosis but also a paradoxical possibility of cure. This renders decision-making complex and imminent. Unfortunately, many patients with AML misestimate their progn ... Full text Link to item Cite

Family Caregiver Perspectives on Suffering of Persons With Severe Dementia: A Qualitative Study.

Journal Article J Pain Symptom Manage · July 2021 CONTEXT: Dementia involves suffering. Assessing the experience of suffering among persons with severe dementia is instrumental to delivering quality end-of-life care to them and their caregivers. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to assess dimensions of suffering from ... Full text Link to item Cite

Discordance between dementia caregivers' goal of care and preference for life-extending treatments.

Journal Article Age Ageing · June 28, 2021 BACKGROUND: Many older adults with severe dementia receive potentially life-extending treatments even when caregivers do not wish to prolong their life inappropriately. OBJECTIVE: Explore factors that influence caregiver preferences for potentially life-ex ... Full text Link to item Cite

Communication Coaching in Cardiology (CCC): A study protocol and methodological challenges and solutions of a randomized controlled trial in outpatient cardiology clinics.

Journal Article Contemp Clin Trials · June 2021 Given the role of effective communication in improving patient adherence and satisfaction, high quality patient-clinician communication is critical. Building on previous communication interventions in oncology and pediatrics, we developed a tailored commun ... Full text Link to item Cite

Actual and Missed Opportunities for End-of-Life Care Discussions With Oncology Patients: A Qualitative Study.

Journal Article JAMA Netw Open · June 1, 2021 IMPORTANCE: Early discussion of end-of-life (EOL) care preferences improves clinical outcomes and goal-concordant care. However, most EOL discussions occur approximately 1 month before death, despite most patients desiring information earlier. OBJECTIVE: T ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cue-based treatment for light smokers: A proof of concept pilot.

Journal Article Addict Behav · March 2021 INTRODUCTION: Light smoking (smoking ≤ 10 cigarettes per day or on some days) has become increasingly prevalent in the US and increases morbidity and mortality. Many light smokers do not experience significant nicotine withdrawal but instead smoke in respo ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

A Qualitative Study of the Experiences of Living With Multiple Myeloma.

Journal Article Oncol Nurs Forum · March 1, 2021 PURPOSE: To explore the ways in which multiple myeloma affects an individual's life in the modern treatment era. PARTICIPANTS & SETTING: 15 individuals with multiple myeloma and 10 clinicians were recruited from two academic medical centers in the sout ... Full text Link to item Cite

Optimizing an Obesity Treatment Using the Multiphase Optimization Strategy Framework: Protocol for a Randomized Factorial Trial.

Journal Article JMIR Res Protoc · January 18, 2021 BACKGROUND: Effective weight loss interventions exist, yet few can be scaled up for wide dissemination. Further, none has been fully delivered via text message. We used the multiphase optimization strategy (MOST) to develop multicomponent interventions tha ... Full text Link to item Cite

Automated Empathy Detection for Oncology Encounters

Conference 2020 IEEE International Conference on Healthcare Informatics Ichi 2020 · November 1, 2020 Empathy involves understanding other people's situation, perspective, and feelings. In clinical interactions, it helps clinicians establish rapport with a patient and support patient-centered care and decision making. Understanding physician communication ... Full text Cite

Feasibility of a text-based reduction intervention in helping rural and underserved smokeless tobacco users quit.

Journal Article Addict Behav · September 2020 INTRODUCTION: Smokeless tobacco (ST) use significantly affects morbidity and mortality and remains disproportionally prevalent in rural and medically underserved communities. Few programs exist for rural smokeless tobacco users. Text-based interventions ma ... Full text Link to item Cite

"Cure" Versus "Clinical Remission": The Impact of a Medication Description on the Willingness of People Living with HIV to Take a Medication.

Journal Article AIDS Behav · July 2020 Many people living with HIV (PLWHIV) state that they would be willing to take significant risks to be "cured" of the virus. However, how they interpret the word "cure" in this context is not clear. We used a randomized survey to examine whether PLWHIV had ... Full text Link to item Cite

Efficacy of a Texting Program to Promote Cessation Among Pregnant Smokers: A Randomized Control Trial.

Journal Article Nicotine Tob Res · June 12, 2020 INTRODUCTION: Smoking during pregnancy poses serious risks to baby and mother. Few disseminable programs exist to help pregnant women quit or reduce their smoking. We hypothesized that an SMS text-delivered scheduled gradual reduction (SGR) program plus su ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Co-occurrence of Daily Smoking, Binge Drinking and IPV Among Latino Expectant Fathers.

Journal Article J Immigr Minor Health · June 2020 Many Latino men have multiple risk factors that predispose them to chronic disease morbidity and mortality, yet few have examined patterns in this population. We describe the co-occurrence of daily smoking, binge drinking, and intimate partner violence (IP ... Full text Link to item Cite

When worlds collide: Challenges to implementing communication research in community oncology practices.

Journal Article Patient Educ Couns · May 2020 OBJECTIVE: During a recent trial assessing the effectiveness of an online communication training for community practice oncologists, we encountered multiple barriers. METHODS: We asked oncologists to participate through the American Board of Internal Medic ... Full text Link to item Cite

Optimizing an Obesity Treatment Using the Multiphase Optimization Strategy Framework: Protocol for a Randomized Factorial Trial (Preprint)

Journal Article · April 22, 2020 BACKGROUNDEffective weight loss interventions exist, yet few can be scaled up for wide dissemination. Further, none has been fully delivered via text message. We used the multiphase optim ... Full text Cite

Feasibility of Using Communication Coaching to Teach Palliative Care Clinicians Motivational Interviewing.

Journal Article J Pain Symptom Manage · April 2020 CONTEXT: Palliative care clinicians often have challenging conversations with patients or family caregivers who express ambivalence about goals or feel reluctant to discuss topics. Motivational Interviewing (MI) has tools to address ambivalence and relucta ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pilot Test of Connecting Pregnant Women who Smoke to Short Message Service (SMS) Support Texts for Cessation.

Journal Article Matern Child Health J · April 2020 INTRODUCTION: Most pregnant women know that smoking poses serious risks to baby and mother, yet many still smoke. We conducted a large randomized controlled trial and found that an SMS text-delivered program helped about 10% of these women quit smoking. In ... Full text Link to item Cite

The need for a Serious Illness Digital Ecosystem (SIDE) to improve outcomes for patients receiving palliative and hospice care.

Journal Article Am J Manag Care · April 2020 Palliative and hospice care services produce immense benefits for patients living with serious illness and for their families. Due to the national shift toward value-based payment models, health systems and payers share a heightened awareness of the need t ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

A qualitative study exploring cues and other motivators among a racially diverse sample of light and intermittent smokers

Journal Article Journal of Smoking Cessation · March 2020 AbstractIntroductionLight and intermittent smokers (LITS) represent almost 50% of all current smokers. Research is needed to understand smoki ... Full text Cite

Feasibility of a clinic-delivered adolescent and pediatrician communication intervention on patient participatory behaviors and behavior change: TIC TAC pilot study.

Journal Article Patient Educ Couns · February 2020 OBJECTIVES: Pediatrician-adolescent communication can improve adolescent health. We conducted a two-arm design to pilot-test an intervention that randomized adolescents to receive a Feedback Guide to promote engaged conversations. We hypothesized that adol ... Full text Link to item Cite

Oncologist-patient-caregiver decision-making discussions in the context of advanced cancer in an Asian setting.

Journal Article Health Expect · February 2020 OBJECTIVE: Patient involvement in treatment decisions is recommended in clinician-patient encounters. Little is known about how oncologists engage patients in shared decision making in non-Western countries. We assessed the prevalence of shared decision ma ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pilot Trial of a Combined Oncologist-Patient-Caregiver Communication Intervention in Singapore.

Journal Article JCO Oncol Pract · February 2020 PURPOSE: High-quality end-of-life cancer care requires oncologists to communicate effectively and patients/caregivers to be participatory. However, most communication interventions target either but not both. We aimed to pilot a potentially disseminable co ... Full text Link to item Cite

Senior Career Break Out

Conference JOURNAL OF PAIN AND SYMPTOM MANAGEMENT · 2020 Cite

Automated Empathy Detection for Oncology Encounters

Conference 2020 8TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS (ICHI 2020) · 2020 Full text Cite

Pilot Study to Improve Goals of Care Conversations Among Hospitalists.

Journal Article J Pain Symptom Manage · November 2019 CONTEXT: Many hospitalized patients receive care that is not concordant with their goals. Teaching communication skills that better align goals and treatment can improve the care that patients receive. OBJECTIVE: To develop and test an innovative approach ... Full text Link to item Cite

Lack of utility of cigarettes per day cutoffs for clinical and laboratory smoking research.

Journal Article Addict Behav · November 2019 BACKGROUND: Most clinical and laboratory smoking research studies require that participants smoke at a certain level to be eligible for enrollment. However, there is limited evidence that use of these cutoffs differentiates groups of smokers along clinical ... Full text Link to item Cite

HIV Cure Research: Risks Patients Expressed Willingness to Accept.

Journal Article Ethics Hum Res · November 2019 Despite doing well on antiretroviral therapy, many people living with HIV have expressed a willingness to accept substantial risks for an HIV cure. To date, few studies have assessed the specific quantitative maximal risk that future participants might tak ... Full text Link to item Cite

What risk of death would people take to be cured of HIV and why? A survey of people living with HIV.

Journal Article J Virus Erad · April 1, 2019 People living with HIV (PLWHIV) can reasonably expect near-normal longevity, yet many express a willingness to assume significant risks to be cured. We surveyed 200 PLWHIV who were stable on antiretroviral therapy (ART) to quantify associations between the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Knowledge and Preferences of Primary Care Providers in Delivering Head and Neck Cancer Survivorship Care.

Journal Article J Cancer Educ · December 2018 Long-term care for head and neck cancer (HNC) survivors is complex and requires coordination among multiple providers. Clinical practice guidelines highlight the role of primary care providers (PCPs) in screening for secondary cancer/recurrence, assessment ... Full text Link to item Cite

Accuracy and congruence of physician and adolescent patient weight-related discussions: Teen CHAT (Communicating health: Analyzing talk).

Journal Article Patient Educ Couns · December 2018 OBJECTIVE: We assessed the accuracy and congruence of recall of weight topics during clinical encounters between adolescent patients with overweight/obesity and physicians (randomized to Motivational Interviewing education vs. control arm). METHODS: We aud ... Full text Link to item Cite

A smoking cessation and pain management program for cancer survivors.

Journal Article J Cancer Surviv · December 2018 PURPOSE: Many cancer survivors continue to smoke. Further, most survivors also report high levels of persistent pain and smoke in response to pain. The investigators tested the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a smoking cessation pro ... Full text Link to item Cite

Head and Neck Cancer Survivors: Specific Needs and Their Implications for Survivorship Care Planning.

Journal Article Clin J Oncol Nurs · October 1, 2018 BACKGROUND: Head and neck cancer (HNC) survivors experience significant sequelae of treatment, including long-term physical side effects and ongoing cancer surveillance. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to understand patients' survivorship knowledge ga ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Effects of a Couples-Based Health Behavior Intervention During Pregnancy on Latino Couples' Dyadic Satisfaction Postpartum.

Journal Article Fam Process · September 2018 Many couples tend to report steadily decreasing relationship quality following the birth of a child. However, little is known about the postpartum period for Latino couples, a rapidly growing ethnic group who are notably underserved by mental and physical ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pilot randomized trial of a couple-based physical activity videoconference intervention for sedentary cancer survivors.

Journal Article Health Psychol · September 2018 OBJECTIVE: Including partners in interventions to increase physical activity (PA) could promote better adherence and longer-term effects. In preparation for a future large-scale randomized controlled trial (RCT), this randomized pilot trial tested the acce ... Full text Link to item Cite

Physician Weight-Related Counseling Is Unrelated to Extreme Weight Loss Behaviors Among Overweight and Obese Adolescents.

Journal Article Clin Pediatr (Phila) · July 2018 Some physicians may be hesitant to counsel overweight and obese adolescents about weight because of concerns that such counseling may result in extreme weight loss behaviors and the subsequent development of eating disorders. We compared self-reported extr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Triadic treatment decision-making in advanced cancer: a pilot study of the roles and perceptions of patients, caregivers, and oncologists.

Journal Article Support Care Cancer · April 2018 PURPOSE: The research on cancer treatment decision-making focuses on dyads; the full "triad" of patients, oncologists, and caregivers remains largely unstudied. We investigated how all members of this triad perceive and experience decisions related to trea ... Full text Link to item Cite

Open Oncology Notes: A Qualitative Study of Oncology Patients' Experiences Reading Their Cancer Care Notes.

Journal Article J Oncol Pract · April 2018 PURPOSE: Electronic medical records increasingly allow patients access to clinician notes. Although most believe that open notes benefits patients, some suggest negative consequences. Little is known about the experiences of patients with cancer reading th ... Full text Link to item Cite

COUPLE-BASED INTERVENTIONS TO INCREASE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

Conference ANNALS OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE · April 1, 2018 Link to item Cite

Oncologists' responses to patient and caregiver negative emotions and patient perception of quality of communication: results from a multi-ethnic Asian setting.

Journal Article Support Care Cancer · March 2018 PURPOSE: Patients with advanced cancer and their caregivers experience many negative emotions. Empathic responses from oncologists can help alleviate their distress. We aimed to assess expressions of negative emotions among patients with advanced cancer an ... Full text Link to item Cite

Text messaging and activity tracker motivation program to increase physical activity in cancer survivors.

Conference Journal of Clinical Oncology · March 1, 2018 92 Background: Cancer survivors have high rates of sedentary behavior leading to obesity and cardiovascular disease. Physical activity improves quality of life (QOL) and reduces morbidity and mortality. However, cancer survivors ... Full text Cite

Feasibility of a text-based smoking cessation intervention in rural older adults.

Journal Article Health Educ Res · February 1, 2018 Text-based interventions are effective for smoking cessation, but have not been tested in rural older adults. The purpose of this study was to compare the feasibility, acceptability and preliminary efficacy of a text-based Scheduled Gradual Reduction (SGR) ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patient experiences of acute myeloid leukemia: A qualitative study about diagnosis, illness understanding, and treatment decision-making.

Conference Psychooncology · December 2017 BACKGROUND: Patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) face a unique, difficult situation characterized by sudden changes in health, complex information, and pressure to make quick treatment decisions amid sizeable tradeoffs. Yet, little is known about pat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Open notes: A qualitative study of oncology patients’ experiences reading their cancer care notes.

Conference Journal of Clinical Oncology · November 1, 2017 33 Background: Electronic medical record systems and patient portals increasingly allow patients direct access to their clinicians’ notes.While most believe that open notes benefit patients, some suggest negative consequences. Li ... Full text Cite

Disseminating effective clinician communication techniques: Engaging clinicians to want to learn how to engage patients.

Journal Article Patient Educ Couns · October 2017 Patient-clinician communication that promotes patient engagement enhances health care quality. Yet, disseminating effective communication interventions to practicing clinicians remains challenging. Current methods do not have large and sustainable effects. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Bridging the Gap: PCP and Patient Needs in Head and Neck Cancer Survivor Care

Conference International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics · October 2017 Full text Cite

A Research Agenda for Communication Between Health Care Professionals and Patients Living With Serious Illness.

Journal Article JAMA Intern Med · September 1, 2017 IMPORTANCE: Poor communication by health care professionals contributes to physical and psychological suffering in patients living with serious illness. Patients may not fully understand their illness, prognosis, and treatment options or may not receive me ... Full text Link to item Cite

Better Together: The Making and Maturation of the Palliative Care Research Cooperative Group.

Journal Article J Palliat Med · June 2017 OBJECTIVE: To describe the growth and outcomes of the Palliative Care Research Cooperative Group (PCRC). BACKGROUND: Despite advances, significant gaps remain in the evidence base to inform care for people with serious illness. To generate this needed evid ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Survivorship needs after head and neck cancer treatment.

Conference Journal of Clinical Oncology · May 20, 2017 10062 Background: Head and neck cancer (HNC) survivors experience significant sequelae of treatment, including long-term physical side effects and ongoing surveillance for recurrence and secondary malignancy. Given the complicate ... Full text Cite

Bridging the financial assistance gap: A pilot study of a patient-facing app to identify drug financial assistance programs.

Conference Journal of Clinical Oncology · May 20, 2017 e18296 Background: Many cancer patients face high treatment-related costs and are often unaware of available financial resources. We designed “Bridge” as a stand-alone, smartphone app to reduce out-of-pocket treatment costs by co ... Full text Cite

Use of the 5 As for Teen Alcohol Use.

Journal Article Clin Pediatr (Phila) · May 2017 Clinical guidelines recommend addressing adolescent alcohol use in primary care; the 5 As (Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange) may be a useful model for intervention. We audio-recorded 540 visits with 49 physicians and adolescents, compared alcohol discl ... Full text Link to item Cite

Efficacy of a Nurse-Delivered Intervention to Prevent and Delay Postpartum Return to Smoking: The Quit for Two Trial.

Journal Article Nicotine Tob Res · October 2016 INTRODUCTION: Most pregnant women who quit smoking return to smoking postpartum. Trials to prevent this return have been unsuccessful. We tested the efficacy of a nurse-delivered intervention in maintaining smoking abstinence after delivery among pregnant ... Full text Link to item Cite

Teaching primary care physicians the 5 A's for discussing weight with overweight and obese adolescents.

Journal Article Patient Educ Couns · October 2016 OBJECTIVE: We developed an online intervention to teach physicians both MI (addressed in outcomes paper) and the 5 A's (Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, and Arrange) when discussing weight with overweight/obese adolescents. METHODS: We audio recorded 527 encou ... Full text Link to item Cite

Unintended Effects of a Smoking Cessation Intervention on Latino Fathers' Binge Drinking In Early Postpartum.

Journal Article Ann Behav Med · August 2016 BACKGROUND: Research suggests that when smokers reduce their smoking, they also reduce their alcohol consumption. PURPOSE: To examine the effects of a smoking cessation intervention and actual quitting smoking on binge drinking behavior among Latino expect ... Full text Link to item Cite

Teaching Physicians Motivational Interviewing for Discussing Weight With Overweight Adolescents.

Journal Article J Adolesc Health · July 2016 PURPOSE: We tested whether an online intervention combined with a patient feedback report improved physicians' use of motivational interviewing (MI) techniques when discussing weight with overweight and obese adolescents. METHODS: We randomized 46 pediatri ... Full text Link to item Cite

Feasibility and Smokers' Evaluation of Self-Generated Text Messages to Promote Quitting.

Journal Article Nicotine Tob Res · May 2016 INTRODUCTION: Cigarette smoking is a leading cause of preventable mortality. Mobile technologies, including text messaging, provide opportunities to promote quitting. Many text messaging-based cessation interventions contain content created by experts. How ... Full text Link to item Cite

Not all participatory styles are created equal.

Journal Article Patient Educ Couns · March 2016 Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of teaching motivational interviewing via communication coaching on clinician and patient satisfaction in primary care and pediatric obesity-focused offices.

Journal Article Patient Educ Couns · February 2016 OBJECTIVE: Studies indicate needed improvement in clinician communication and patient satisfaction. Motivational interviewing (MI) helps promote patient behavior change and improves satisfaction. In this pilot study, we tested a coaching intervention to te ... Full text Link to item Cite

Identifying types of sex conversations in adolescent health maintenance visits.

Journal Article Sex Health · February 2016 UNLABELLED: Background Physician-adolescent sexuality discussions are a recommended element in health maintenance visits, but such discussions - if they occur at all - probably vary by adolescents' characteristics and situations, and physicians' personal b ... Full text Link to item Cite

Studying physician-adolescent patient communication in community-based practices: recruitment challenges and solutions.

Journal Article Int J Adolesc Med Health · November 13, 2015 BACKGROUND: Practice-based studies are needed to assess how physicians communicate health messages about weight to overweight/obese adolescent patients, but successful recruitment to such studies is challenging. This paper describes challenges, solutions, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Development and implementation of an online program to improve how patients communicate emotional concerns to their oncology providers.

Journal Article Support Care Cancer · October 2015 PURPOSE: Patients often struggle to express their emotional concerns to their oncology providers and may therefore experience unmet needs. This paper describes the development and implementation of an online program that teaches patients how to communicate ... Full text Link to item Cite

Relationships among spousal communication, self-efficacy, and motivation among expectant Latino fathers who smoke.

Journal Article Health Psychol · October 2015 OBJECTIVE: Cigarette smoking is a prevalent problem among Latinos, yet little is known about what factors motivate them to quit smoking or make them feel more confident that they can. Given cultural emphases on familial bonds among Latinos (e.g., familismo ... Full text Link to item Cite

What Should We Tell Patients About Physical Activity After a Prostate Cancer Diagnosis?

Journal Article Oncology (Williston Park) · September 2015 A number of observational studies and clinical trials have shown that physical activity after a diagnosis of prostate cancer is associated with a decrease in disease progression and an increase in survival, and that specific exercises reduce morbidity from ... Link to item Cite

What Should We Tell Patients About Physical Activity After a Prostate Cancer Diagnosis?

Journal Article Oncology (Williston Park, N.Y.) · September 1, 2015 A number of observational studies and clinical trials have shown that physical activity after a diagnosis of prostate cancer is associated with a decrease in disease progression and an increase in survival, and that specific exercises reduce morbidity from ... Cite

Patient and Caregiver Opinions of Motivational Interviewing Techniques In Role-Played Palliative Care Conversations: A Pilot Study.

Journal Article J Pain Symptom Manage · July 2015 CONTEXT: Although many have examined the role of motivational interviewing (MI) in diverse health care encounters, no one has explored whether patients and caregivers facing serious illnesses identify specific MI techniques as helpful. OBJECTIVES: The aim ... Full text Link to item Cite

Predictors of pregnant quitters' intention to return to smoking postpartum.

Journal Article Nicotine Tob Res · June 2015 INTRODUCTION: Although many pregnant women quit smoking, most return to smoking postpartum. Returning to smoking is strongly related to women's stated intention about smoking during pregnancy. We examined factors related to women's intention to return to s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Disclosure of Sexual Intercourse by Teenagers: Agreement Between Telephone Survey Responses and Annual Visit Disclosures.

Journal Article Clin Pediatr (Phila) · June 2015 BACKGROUND: Physicians can help guide teenagers in their emerging sexuality; however, teens rarely inform physicians about their sexual activity. METHODS: We audio-recorded annual visits between 365 teenagers and 49 physicians. Before the recorded visit, t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comparison of native light daily smokers and light daily smokers who were former heavy smokers.

Journal Article Nicotine Tob Res · May 2015 INTRODUCTION: An increasing proportion of daily smokers are light smokers (≤10 cigarettes per day). Some light smokers have never smoked more than 10 cigarettes per day (native light smokers) and others smoked at higher levels but have cut down (converted ... Full text Link to item Cite

Efficacy of a couple-based randomized controlled trial to help Latino fathers quit smoking during pregnancy and postpartum: the Parejas trial.

Journal Article Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev · February 2015 BACKGROUND: Although many Latinos in the United States smoke, they receive assistance to quit less often than non-Latinos. To address this disparity, we recruited Latino couples into a randomized controlled trial and provided a smoking cessation program du ... Full text Link to item Cite

Relationships among spousal communication, self-efficacy, and motivation among expectant Latino fathers who smoke

Journal Article Health Psychology · 2015 © 2015 American Psychological Association.Objective: Cigarette smoking is a prevalent problem among Latinos, yet little is known about what factors motivate them to quit smoking or make them feel more confident that they can. Given cultural emphases on fam ... Cite

Physicians Use of Inclusive Sexual Orientation Language During Teenage Annual Visits.

Journal Article LGBT Health · December 2014 PURPOSE: Physicians are encouraged to use inclusive language regarding sexuality in order to help all adolescent patients feel accepted. Non-inclusive language by physicians may influence relationships with adolescent patients, especially those with still- ... Full text Link to item Cite

Weight-related SMS texts promoting appropriate pregnancy weight gain: a pilot study.

Journal Article Patient Educ Couns · November 2014 OBJECTIVES: Excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) puts women and children at risk of obesity. We piloted an SMS-texting intervention to promote healthy GWG among overweight and obese women. METHODS: We recruited 35 women and randomized them in a 2:1 fash ... Full text Link to item Cite

Weight's up? Predictors of weight-related communication during primary care visits with overweight adolescents.

Journal Article Patient Educ Couns · September 2014 OBJECTIVE: Physicians' use of Motivational Interviewing (MI) techniques when discussing weight with adolescent patients is unknown. METHODS: We coded audio-recorded encounters between 49 primary care physicians and 180 overweight adolescent patients. Durin ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sexuality talk during adolescent health maintenance visits.

Journal Article JAMA Pediatr · February 2014 IMPORTANCE: Physicians may be important sources of sexuality information and preventive services, and one-on-one confidential time during health maintenance visits is recommended to allow discussions of sexual development, behavior, and risk reduction. How ... Full text Link to item Cite

Accuracy and congruence of patient and physician weight-related discussions: from project CHAT (Communicating Health: Analyzing Talk).

Journal Article J Am Board Fam Med · 2014 OBJECTIVE: Primary care providers should counsel overweight patients to lose weight. Rates of self-reported, weight-related counseling vary, perhaps because of self-report bias. We assessed the accuracy and congruence of weight-related discussions among pa ... Full text Link to item Cite

Developing patient-friendly genetic and genomic test reports: formats to promote patient engagement and understanding.

Journal Article Genome Med · 2014 With the emergence of electronic medical records and patient portals, patients are increasingly able to access their health records, including laboratory reports. However, laboratory reports are usually written for clinicians rather than patients, who may ... Full text Link to item Cite

The impact of physician weight discussion on weight loss in US adults.

Journal Article Obes Res Clin Pract · 2014 PROBLEM: The increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity in the United States and worldwide is at epidemic levels. Physicians may play a vital role in addressing this epidemic. We aimed to examine the association of a physician's discussion of patients ... Full text Link to item Cite

Teen CHAT: Development and utilization of a web-based intervention to improve physician communication with adolescents about healthy weight.

Journal Article Patient Educ Couns · December 2013 OBJECTIVE: To describe the theoretical basis, use, and satisfaction with Teen CHAT, an online educational intervention designed to improve physician-adolescent communication about healthy weight. METHODS: Routine health maintenance encounters between pedia ... Full text Link to item Cite

Physician communication styles in initial consultations for hematological cancer.

Journal Article Patient Educ Couns · December 2013 OBJECTIVE: To characterize practices in subspecialist physicians' communication styles, and their potential effects on shared decision-making, in second-opinion consultations. METHODS: Theme-oriented discourse analysis of 20 second-opinion consultations wi ... Full text Link to item Cite

The influence of a physician and patient intervention program on dietary intake.

Journal Article J Acad Nutr Diet · November 2013 BACKGROUND: Efficient dietary interventions for patients with hypertension in clinical settings are needed. OBJECTIVE: To assess the separate and combined influence of a physician intervention (MD-I) and a patient intervention (PT-I) on dietary intakes of ... Full text Link to item Cite

A pilot study testing SMS text delivered scheduled gradual reduction to pregnant smokers.

Journal Article Nicotine Tob Res · October 2013 INTRODUCTION: Smoking during pregnancy causes multiple perinatal complications; yet, the smoking rate among pregnant women has remained relatively stagnant. Most interventions to help pregnant smokers quit or reduce their smoking are not easily disseminabl ... Full text Link to item Cite

The epidemiology of weight counseling for adults in the United States: a case of positive deviance.

Journal Article Int J Obes (Lond) · May 2013 Weight counseling for adults is uncommonly performed by primary-care providers (PCPs), despite recommendations. In order to design effective primary-care interventions, a full understanding of the epidemiology of weight counseling in primary care is needed ... Full text Link to item Cite

Smoking is bad for babies: obstetric care providers' use of best practice smoking cessation counseling techniques.

Journal Article Am J Health Promot · 2013 PURPOSE: To use direct observations of first prenatal visits to describe obstetric providers' adherence to the evidence-based clinical practice guideline for smoking cessation counseling recommended by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologist ... Full text Link to item Cite

Can physicians accurately predict which patients will lose weight, improve nutrition and increase physical activity?

Journal Article Fam Pract · October 2012 BACKGROUND: Physician counselling may help patients increase physical activity, improve nutrition and lose weight. However, physicians have low outcome expectations that patients will change. The aims are to describe the accuracy of physicians' outcome exp ... Full text Link to item Cite

The influence of physician communication style on overweight patients' perceptions of length of encounter and physician being rushed.

Journal Article Fam Med · March 2012 BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Little is known about how patients and physicians perceive time and the extent to which they perceive the physician being rushed during encounters. One aim of this paper is to examine whether patient and physician characteristics ... Link to item Cite

Effects of counseling techniques on patients' weight-related attitudes and behaviors in a primary care clinic.

Journal Article Patient Educ Couns · December 2011 OBJECTIVE: Examine primary care physicians' use of counseling techniques when treating overweight and obese patients and the association with mediators of behavior change as well as change in nutrition, exercise, and weight loss attempts. METHODS: We audio ... Full text Link to item Cite

Predictors of weight loss communication in primary care encounters.

Journal Article Patient Educ Couns · December 2011 OBJECTIVE: Evidence suggests that physicians' use of motivational interviewing (MI) techniques helps patients lose weight. We assessed patient, physician, relationship, and systems predictors of length of weight-loss discussions and whether physicians' use ... Full text Link to item Cite

Enhancing communication between oncologists and patients with a computer-based training program: a randomized trial.

Journal Article Ann Intern Med · November 1, 2011 BACKGROUND: Quality cancer care requires addressing patients' emotions, which oncologists infrequently do. Multiday courses can teach oncologists skills to handle emotion; however, such workshops are long and costly. OBJECTIVE: To test whether a brief, com ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of patient and patient-oncologist relationship characteristics on communication about health-related quality of life.

Journal Article Psychooncology · September 2011 OBJECTIVE: To test the effects of patient and patient-oncologist relationship factors on the time spent communicating about health-related quality of life (HRQOL) during outpatient clinic encounters between oncologists and their patients with advanced canc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Applying motivational interviewing techniques to palliative care communication.

Journal Article J Palliat Med · May 2011 Palliative care relies heavily on communication. Although some guidelines do address difficult communication, less is known about how to handle conversations with patients who express ambivalence or resistance to such care. Clinicians also struggle with ho ... Full text Link to item Cite

Weight-loss talks: what works (and what doesn't).

Journal Article J Fam Pract · April 2011 BACKGROUND: In primary care encounters, it is unknown whether physician advice on weight-related matters leads to patient weight loss. To examine this issue, we analyzed physician weight loss advice and measured corresponding changes in patients' dietary i ... Link to item Cite

Do the five A's work when physicians counsel about weight loss?

Journal Article Fam Med · March 2011 BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: More than two thirds of Americans are overweight or obese. Physician counseling may help patients lose weight; however, physicians perceive these discussions as somewhat futile and time-consuming. An effective and efficient tool ... Link to item Cite

Physician characteristics as predictors of blood pressure control in patients enrolled in the hypertension improvement project (HIP).

Journal Article J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) · February 2011 The authors sought to examine the relationship between physician characteristics and patient blood pressure (BP) in participants enrolled in the Hypertension Improvement Project (HIP). In this cross-sectional study using baseline data of HIP participants, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Smoking prevalence in early pregnancy: comparison of self-report and anonymous urine cotinine testing.

Journal Article J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med · January 2011 OBJECTIVE: Societal pressures against smoking during pregnancy may lead to a reduction in disclosure of smoking status. The objective of this study was to compare prevalence of smoking at prenatal intake by self-report with anonymous biochemical validation ... Full text Link to item Cite

Physician empathy and listening: associations with patient satisfaction and autonomy.

Journal Article J Am Board Fam Med · 2011 PURPOSE: Motivational Interviewing (MI) is used to help patients change their behaviors. We sought to determine if physician use of specific MI techniques increases patient satisfaction with the physician and perceived autonomy. METHODS: We audio-recorded ... Full text Link to item Cite

How do non-physician clinicians respond to advanced cancer patients' negative expressions of emotions?

Journal Article Support Care Cancer · January 2011 PURPOSE: Patients with advanced cancer often experience negative emotion; clinicians' empathic responses can alleviate patient distress. Much is known about how physicians respond to patient emotion; less is known about non-physician clinicians. Given that ... Full text Link to item Cite

Do patient attributes predict oncologist empathic responses and patient perceptions of empathy?

Journal Article Support Care Cancer · November 2010 PURPOSE: Most patients with advanced cancer experience negative emotion. When patients express emotions, oncologists rarely respond empathically. Oncologists may respond more empathically to some patients, and patients may perceive different levels of empa ... Full text Link to item Cite

Physician communication techniques and weight loss in adults: Project CHAT.

Journal Article Am J Prev Med · October 2010 BACKGROUND: Physicians are encouraged to counsel overweight and obese patients to lose weight. PURPOSE: It was examined whether discussing weight and use of motivational interviewing techniques (e.g., collaborating, reflective listening) while discussing w ... Full text Link to item Cite

How oncologists and their patients with advanced cancer communicate about health-related quality of life.

Journal Article Psychooncology · May 2010 OBJECTIVE: To describe the content and frequency of communication about health-related quality of life (HRQOL) during outpatient encounters between oncologists and their patients with advanced cancer. METHODS: We coded for HRQOL talk in a subset of audio-r ... Full text Link to item Cite

Can metaphors and analogies improve communication with seriously ill patients?

Journal Article J Palliat Med · March 2010 OBJECTIVE: It is not known how often physicians use metaphors and analogies, or whether they improve patients' perceptions of their physicians' ability to communicate effectively. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine whether the use of m ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Comparing oncologist, nurse, and physician assistant attitudes toward discussions of negative emotions with patients.

Journal Article J Physician Assist Educ · 2010 PURPOSE: Although research shows that empathic communication improves patient outcomes, physicians often fail to respond empathically to patients. Nurses and physician assistants (PAs) may be able to help fill the need for empathic communication. Our study ... Full text Link to item Cite

Is pregnancy a teachable moment for smoking cessation among US Latino expectant fathers? A pilot study.

Journal Article Ethn Health · 2010 OBJECTIVE: Pregnancy may be a time when US Latino expectant fathers consider quitting smoking. A 'teachable moment' is theorized to increase motivation to change a behavior through increased risk perceptions, emotional responses, and changes in self-image. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hypertension improvement project: randomized trial of quality improvement for physicians and lifestyle modification for patients.

Journal Article Hypertension · December 2009 Despite widely publicized hypertension treatment guidelines for physicians and lifestyle recommendations for patients, blood pressure control rates remain low. In community-based primary care clinics, we performed a nested, 2 x 2 randomized, controlled tri ... Full text Link to item Cite

Is pregnancy a teachable moment for smoking cessation among US Latino expectant fathers? A pilot study.

Journal Article Ethnicity & health · December 2009 Objective. Pregnancy may be a time when US Latino expectant fathers consider quitting smoking. A 'teachable moment' is theorized to increase motivation to change a behavior through increased risk perceptions, emotional responses, and changes in self-image. ... Cite

Use of and reactions to a tailored CD-ROM designed to enhance oncologist-patient communication: the SCOPE trial intervention.

Journal Article Patient Educ Couns · October 2009 OBJECTIVE: Assess use of and reactions to an interactive, tailored CD-ROM to enhance oncologist-patient communication. METHODS: Participating oncologists (n=48) agreed to have patient interactions audio recorded, be randomly assigned to receive/not receive ... Full text Link to item Cite

Predictors of adverse events among pregnant smokers exposed in a nicotine replacement therapy trial.

Journal Article Am J Obstet Gynecol · October 2009 OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the contribution of randomization to nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), sociodemographic and psychosocial factors, and pregnancy and medical history to serious perinatal adverse events among pregnant s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Primary care physicians' discussions of weight-related topics with overweight and obese adolescents: results from the Teen CHAT Pilot study.

Journal Article J Adolesc Health · August 2009 Physicians should counsel overweight adolescents about nutrition and exercise. We audio recorded 30 physician-adolescent encounters. Female, older, normal-weight physicians and pediatricians were more Motivational Interviewing (MI) adherent. When physician ... Full text Link to item Cite

Negative emotions in cancer care: do oncologists' responses depend on severity and type of emotion?

Journal Article Patient Educ Couns · July 2009 OBJECTIVE: To examine how type and severity of patients' negative emotions influence oncologists' responses and subsequent conversations. METHODS: We analyzed 264 audio-recorded conversations between advanced cancer patients and their oncologists. Conversa ... Full text Link to item Cite

Adherence to nicotine replacement therapy among pregnant smokers.

Journal Article Nicotine Tob Res · May 2009 INTRODUCTION: This secondary analysis examined the association between adherence to nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and smoking cessation among pregnant smokers enrolled in Baby Steps, an open-label randomized controlled trial testing cognitive-behavior ... Full text Link to item Cite

Family physicians as team leaders: "time" to share the care.

Journal Article Prev Chronic Dis · April 2009 A major contributor to shortfalls in delivery of recommended health care services is lack of physician time. On the basis of recommendations from national clinical care guidelines for preventive services and chronic disease management, and including the ti ... Link to item Cite

Hypertension Improvement Project (HIP): study protocol and implementation challenges.

Journal Article Trials · February 26, 2009 BACKGROUND: Hypertension affects 29% of the adult U.S. population and is a leading cause of heart disease, stroke, and kidney failure. Despite numerous effective treatments, only 53% of people with hypertension are at goal blood pressure. The chronic care ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Estimated time spent on preventive services by primary care physicians.

Journal Article BMC Health Serv Res · December 1, 2008 BACKGROUND: Delivery of preventive health services in primary care is lacking. One of the main barriers is lack of time. We estimated the amount of time primary care physicians spend on important preventive health services. METHODS: We analyzed a large dat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evaluating a stage model in predicting monolingual spanish-speaking Latinas' cervical cancer screening practices: the role of psychosocial and cultural predictors.

Journal Article Health Educ Behav · December 2008 The goals of this study are to evaluate (a) the effectiveness of a stage model in predicting Latinas' self-report of obtaining a Pap test and (b) the unique role of psychosocial/cultural factors in predicting progress toward behavior change. One-on-one str ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patient-oncologist communication in advanced cancer: predictors of patient perception of prognosis.

Journal Article Support Care Cancer · September 2008 GOALS OF WORK: Advanced cancer patients' perceptions of prognosis, which are often overly optimistic compared to oncologist estimates, influence treatment preferences. The predictors of patients' perceptions and the effect of oncologist communication on pa ... Full text Link to item Cite

"What concerns me is..." Expression of emotion by advanced cancer patients during outpatient visits.

Journal Article Support Care Cancer · July 2008 OBJECTIVE: Cancer patients have high levels of distress, yet oncologists often do not recognize patients' concerns. We sought to describe how patients with advanced cancer verbally express negative emotion to their oncologists. MATERIALS AND METHODS: As pa ... Full text Link to item Cite

Understanding the role of cancer worry in creating a "teachable moment" for multiple risk factor reduction.

Journal Article Soc Sci Med · February 2008 The manuscript examines the influence of contextual factors on whether and for whom a colon polyp diagnosis might be a teachable moment, as indicated by engagement with a proactively delivered intervention. Baseline and 8-month follow-up data were analyzed ... Full text Link to item Cite

Olfactory and gustatory sensory changes to tobacco smoke in pregnant smokers.

Journal Article Res Nurs Health · February 2008 Models of smoking behavior change include addiction, social, and behavioral concepts. The purpose of this study was to explore the prevalence of two biologic factors, olfactory and gustatory responses to tobacco smoke, as potentially powerful contributors ... Full text Link to item Cite

Oncologist communication about emotion during visits with patients with advanced cancer.

Journal Article J Clin Oncol · December 20, 2007 Featured Publication INTRODUCTION: Cancer care involves addressing patient emotion. When patients express negative emotions, empathic opportunities emerge. When oncologists respond with a continuer statement, which is one that offers empathy and allows patients to continue exp ... Full text Link to item Cite

Empathy goes a long way in weight loss discussions.

Journal Article J Fam Pract · December 2007 PURPOSE: This study explores how weight-related topics are discussed between physicians and their overweight and obese female patients. METHODS: We surveyed and audio-recorded preventive health and chronic care visits with 25 overweight and obese female pa ... Link to item Cite

Nicotine replacement and behavioral therapy for smoking cessation in pregnancy.

Journal Article Am J Prev Med · October 2007 Featured Publication BACKGROUND: This study examines whether adding nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) to cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for pregnant smokers increases rates of smoking cessation. METHODS: An open-label randomized trial (Baby Steps, n=181) of CBT-only versu ... Full text Link to item Cite

Physicians' beliefs about discussing obesity: results from focus groups.

Journal Article Am J Health Promot · 2007 PURPOSE: Physicians are expected to discuss weight loss with overweight and obese patients. Physicians' beliefs, outcome expectancies, and strategies for addressing weight with patients have not been examined. DESIGN: Two focus groups of family physicians ... Full text Link to item Cite

Studying communication in oncologist-patient encounters: the SCOPE Trial.

Journal Article Palliat Med · December 2006 STUDY OBJECTIVE: Most oncologists have not received adequate training in physician-patient communication, and existing effective courses tend to be time and resource intensive. We are developing and testing a tailored CD-ROM educational intervention that i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Rated helpfulness and partner-reported smoking cessation support across the pregnancy-postpartum continuum.

Journal Article Health Psychol · November 2006 Featured Publication Support interventions have not changed smoking cessation rates significantly. The pregnancy-postpartum continuum presents a unique opportunity to examine patterns of support. Expectant couples (N = 477) were surveyed twice during pregnancy and 3 times post ... Full text Link to item Cite

Use of email in a family practice setting: opportunities and challenges in patient- and physician-initiated communication.

Journal Article BMC Med · August 15, 2006 BACKGROUND: Electronic mail (email) has the potential to improve communication between physicians and patients. METHODS: We conducted two research studies in a family practice setting: 1) a brief, anonymous patient survey of a convenience sample to determi ... Full text Link to item Cite

The impact of health status on physicians' intentions to offer cancer screening to older women.

Journal Article J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci · August 2006 BACKGROUND: Screening for breast and cervical cancer reduces disease-specific mortality, but high rates of comorbidity and disability among elderly persons may alter the risks and benefits of screening. METHODS: We performed a mail survey of primary care p ... Full text Link to item Cite

Challenges and solutions for recruiting pregnant smokers into a nicotine replacement therapy trial.

Journal Article Nicotine Tob Res · August 2006 Improvements in smoking cessation interventions for pregnant smokers are needed. One major step is to examine the potential effectiveness of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). The potential benefits of providing pregnant women with NRT to help them quit s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Recruiting teen smokers in shopping malls to a smoking-cessation program using the foot-in-the-door technique

Journal Article Journal of Applied Social Psychology · May 1, 2006 Persuading teen smokers to volunteer for smoking-cessation programs is a challenging yet understudied problem. As a method of dealing with this problem, we used and tested a foot-in-the-door (FITD) approach. Teen smokers were intercepted at malls and were ... Full text Cite

Understanding health behavior change among couples: an interdependence and communal coping approach.

Journal Article Soc Sci Med · March 2006 Marriage is a ubiquitous social status that consistently is linked to health. Despite this, there has been very little theory development or related research on the extent to which couple members are jointly motivated to and actively engage in health-enhan ... Full text Link to item Cite

Gender differences in adolescent smoking: mediator and moderator effects of self-generated expected smoking outcomes.

Journal Article Am J Health Promot · 2006 PURPOSE: To examine relations among gender, self-generated smoking-outcome expectancies, and smoking in adolescents. METHODS: Students from one all-girls' (n=350; 53%) and one all-boys' (n=315; 47%) Catholic high school participated. Analyses included bina ... Full text Link to item Cite

Couples' reports of support for smoking cessation predicting women's late pregnancy cessation.

Journal Article Am J Health Promot · 2006 Featured Publication PURPOSE: Although social support has been linked to smoking cessation, no studies have examined whether social support predicts women's late pregnancy cessation. Further, few have included reports from both support recipients and providers. DESIGN: Longitu ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comparison of self-reported smoking status and anonymous urinary cotinine testing in pregnancy

Conference American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · December 2005 Full text Cite

Race/ethnicity, smoking status, and self-generated expected outcomes from smoking among adolescents.

Journal Article Cancer Control · November 2005 Racial/ethnic differences in adolescent smoking suggest that different factors may motivate smoking among various racial/ethnic groups. This study examined relations among race/ethnicity, self-generated smoking outcome expectancies, and smoking status. Our ... Full text Link to item Cite

Project PREVENT: a randomized trial to reduce multiple behavioral risk factors for colon cancer.

Journal Article Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev · June 2005 BACKGROUND: This report examines the outcome data for Project PREVENT, a two-site randomized control trial designed to reduce behavioral risk factors for colorectal cancer among individuals who have been diagnosed with adenomatous colon polyps. METHODS: Th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assessing attitudinal ambivalence towards smoking and its association with desire to quit among teen smokers

Journal Article Psychology and Health · June 1, 2005 Most smokers have some conflicting thoughts and feelings about their smoking; that is, they feel ambivalent. Whether felt ambivalence can be adequately measured and then used to predict the desire to quit among teen smokers has yet to be explored. Hence, a ... Full text Cite

Prevalence and predictors of multiple behavioral risk factors for colon cancer.

Journal Article Prev Med · May 2005 OBJECTIVES: This paper examines the prevalence of behavioral risk factors for colorectal cancer (CRC) (e.g., red meat consumption, fruit and vegetable intake, multivitamin intake, alcohol, smoking, and physical inactivity), co-occurrence among these behavi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Is there time for management of patients with chronic diseases in primary care?

Journal Article Ann Fam Med · 2005 PURPOSE: Despite the availability of national practice guidelines, many patients fail to receive recommended chronic disease care. Physician time constraints in primary care are likely one cause. METHODS: We applied guideline recommendations for 10 common ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prenatal and postpartum smoking abstinence a partner-assisted approach.

Journal Article Am J Prev Med · October 2004 BACKGROUND: A partner's provision of support and smoking status has been consistently associated with women's likelihood of smoking cessation during pregnancy and relapse in postpartum. DESIGN: A three-group randomized controlled intervention trial was con ... Full text Link to item Cite

A randomized trial comparing the effects of self-help materials and proactive telephone counseling on teen smoking cessation.

Journal Article Health Psychol · July 2004 We conducted a 2-arm randomized trial to test the efficacy of self-help materials with or without proactive telephone counseling to increase cessation among teen smokers. Teen smokers (N = 402) recruited from 11 shopping malls and 1 amusement park in the s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Modifying attributions of colorectal cancer risk.

Journal Article Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev · April 2004 We report how a four-group risk communication intervention targeted to individuals in the carpentry trade affected their perceived causes (i.e., attributions) for increased colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. The intervention varied the amount of information pre ... Link to item Cite

Age-related vulnerabilities of older adults with colon adenomas: evidence from Project Prevent.

Journal Article Cancer · March 1, 2004 BACKGROUND: This report addresses the interface between cancer and aging in the context of colorectal carcinoma (CRC), the second leading cause of cancer death in the U.S. overall and the first leading cause among individuals age > or = 75 years. Because p ... Full text Link to item Cite

Interpretation of genetic risk feedback among African American smokers with low socioeconomic status.

Journal Article Health Psychol · March 2004 The authors report on factors related to interpretation of feedback on genetic susceptibility to lung cancer among 371 African American smokers receiving care in a community health clinic, with a focus on whether smokers were interpreting feedback consiste ... Full text Link to item Cite

Accuracy of self-reports of fecal occult blood tests and test results among individuals in the carpentry trade.

Journal Article Prev Med · November 2003 BACKGROUND: Inaccuracy in self-reports of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening procedures (e.g., over- or underreporting) may interfere with individuals adhering to appropriate screening intervals, and can blur the true effects of physician recommendations to ... Full text Link to item Cite

Weight and smoking cessation among low-income African Americans.

Journal Article Am J Prev Med · August 2003 BACKGROUND: Concerns about weight gain have been a commonly cited barrier to cessation among white, affluent, female populations, but less is known about this relationship among minority smokers and those with low incomes. Although smoking cessation is str ... Full text Link to item Cite

Primary care residents' characteristics and motives for providing differential medical treatment of cervical cancer screening.

Journal Article J Natl Med Assoc · July 2003 BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer screening rates in the United States are sub-optimal. Physician factors likely contribute to these lower rates. Previous studies provide inconclusive evidence about the association between physician characteristics and the likel ... Link to item Cite

Primary care residents' characteristics and motives for providing differential medical treatment of cervical cancer screening

Journal Article Journal of the National Medical Association · July 1, 2003 Background: Cervical cancer screening rates in the United States are sub-optimal. Physician factors likely contribute to these lower rates. Previous studies provide inconclusive evidence about the association between physician characteristics and the likel ... Cite

Primary care: is there enough time for prevention?

Journal Article Am J Public Health · April 2003 OBJECTIVES: We sought to determine the amount of time required for a primary care physician to provide recommended preventive services to an average patient panel. METHODS: We used published and estimated times per service to determine the physician time r ... Full text Link to item Cite

Distress and motivation for smoking cessation among lung cancer patients' relatives who smoke.

Journal Article J Cancer Educ · 2003 BACKGROUND: Heightened distress at the time of a loved one's lung cancer diagnosis may motivate relatives to quit smoking or could undermine cessation. METHODS: Relatives of new lung cancer patients at Duke were surveyed by telephone to assess diagnosis-re ... Full text Link to item Cite

Reported cessation advice given to African Americans by health care providers in a community health clinic.

Journal Article J Community Health · December 2002 Featured Publication Physician smoking cessation advice has been shown to be effective in encouraging patients to attempt cessation. Few studies have examined factors associated with patient-reported physician advice in an inner city community health clinic. Smokers identified ... Full text Link to item Cite

Women's reports of smoking cessation advice during reproductive health visits and subsequent smoking cessation.

Journal Article Am J Manag Care · October 2002 Featured Publication OBJECTIVE: To examine associations of women's characteristics with reports of provider advice to quit smoking and smoking cessation 1 year after a reproductive health visit. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective survey. METHODS: As part of a randomized smoking cessati ... Link to item Cite

Relations between self-generated positive and negative expected smoking outcomes and smoking behavior: an exploratory study among adolescents.

Journal Article Psychol Addict Behav · September 2002 Featured Publication The expected outcomes of drug use figure prominently in models of drug motivation. This report presents the relations between self-generated expected outcomes of smoking and smoking behavior in 674 adolescents. Expected outcomes of smoking were related to ... Link to item Cite

Perceptions of patients' self-efficacy for managing pain and lung cancer symptoms: correspondence between patients and family caregivers.

Journal Article Pain · July 2002 This study examined the degree of correspondence between lung cancer patients and their family caregivers in their perceptions of the patients' self-efficacy for managing pain and other symptoms of lung cancer, and the association of this correspondence to ... Full text Link to item Cite

Factors associated with patient-recalled smoking cessation advice in a low-income clinic.

Journal Article J Natl Med Assoc · May 2002 Featured Publication It is recommended that providers advise cessation to their patients who smoke. However, patients' reports of cessation advice indicate disparities based on patients' race, gender, age, and smoking level. Providers' reports do not corroborate these disparit ... Link to item Cite

Exploring the association between perceived risks of smoking and benefits to quitting: who does not see the link?

Journal Article Addict Behav · 2002 Featured Publication This report explored associations between different measures of smokers' perceived risks of smoking and benefits to quitting and the extent to which these associations varied by demographic and other characteristics for 144 smokers. We hypothesized greater ... Full text Link to item Cite

Influence of stereotyping in smoking cessation counseling by primary care residents.

Journal Article Ethn Dis · 2002 Featured Publication This study examined racial differences in primary care residents' rates of addressing smoking cessation. We expected residents to have higher rates of addressing cessation with White female patients as compared with African-American or Hispanic female pati ... Link to item Cite

Gender differences in the processes of change for condom use: patterns across stages of change in crack cocaine users.

Journal Article Health Educ Res · October 2001 Featured Publication Interventions to increase condom use in crack users have had mixed results. For interventions to achieve greater success, the mechanisms of behavior change in this population need to be understood. One mechanism, the processes of change, was examined acros ... Full text Link to item Cite

How do residents prioritize smoking cessation for young "high-risk" women? Factors associated with addressing smoking cessation.

Journal Article Prev Med · October 2001 Featured Publication BACKGROUND: Sixty-seven percent of physicians report advising their smoking patients to quit. Primary care residents' priorities for preventive health for a young "high-risk" female are unknown. Factors related to residents addressing smoking also need exa ... Full text Link to item Cite

Reasons for quitting smoking among low-income African American smokers.

Journal Article Health Psychol · September 2001 Featured Publication The psychometric characteristics of the Reasons For Quitting scale (RFQ) were assessed among a sample of African American smokers with low income (N=487). The intrinsic and extrinsic scales and their respective subscales were replicated. As hypothesized, h ... Full text Link to item Cite

Women's perceived and partners' reported support for smoking cessation during pregnancy.

Journal Article Ann Behav Med · 2001 Featured Publication Studies of the influence of social support on successful smoking cessation have been based on the smoker's perceptions only. In this pilot study of 58 couples, pregnant women who had smoked in the 30 days before pregnancy and their partners reported the po ... Full text Link to item Cite

Relationships among breast cancer perceived absolute risk, comparative risk, and worries.

Journal Article Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev · September 2000 When trying to predict breast cancer screening, it may be important to understand the relationships between perceived breast cancer risks and worries about getting breast cancer. This study examines the extent to which women's worries about breast cancer c ... Link to item Cite

Success attributions for stopping smoking during pregnancy, self- efficacy, and postpartum maintenance

Journal Article Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · September 1, 1999 Relapse prevention has focused on failure, not success attributions. This study of 392 privately insured women who stopped smoking during pregnancy found that the stability dimension of success attributions for pregnancy smoking cessation predicted abstine ... Full text Cite

Black and white tokens in academia: A difference of chronic versus acute distinctiveness

Journal Article Journal of Applied Social Psychology · June 1, 1998 Token status effects, also called distinctiveness, include feelings of racial/gender awareness, representativeness, and accountability. In this multimethod three-part research, it is argued that Black students in a predominantly White university feel chron ... Full text Cite

Prenatal smoking cessation counseling by Texas obstetricians.

Journal Article Birth · March 1998 BACKGROUND: Smoking during pregnancy causes 20 to 30 percent of low birthweight and 10 percent of infant mortality in the United States. Brief counseling can reduce rates of smoking. The study objectives were to describe Texas obstetricians' pregnancy smok ... Full text Link to item Cite

Causal relationships of processes of change and decisional balance: stage-specific models for smoking.

Journal Article Addict Behav · 1998 This study, a secondary analysis of prospective data of smokers, tested whether the causal relationships between the processes of change and decisional balance of the transtheoretical model of change (TTM) are stage-specific. It was expected that for smoke ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of physical context on stereotyping of Mexican American males

Journal Article Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences · January 1, 1998 Based on Trope's (1986) model of perception, the effects of physical context on stereotyping and willingness to affiliate with Mexican American males were examined. In this two-part study, the effect of context alone was explored by showing a stilled video ... Full text Cite

An exploration of the effects of partner smoking, type of social support, and stress on postpartum smoking in married women who stopped smoking during pregnancy

Journal Article Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · October 1, 1997 Partner smoking, general social support, partner support for quitting, and stress were examined in a sample of 72 pregnant women who spontaneously quit smoking and had a steady partner. Women whose partners provided them with general social support but smo ... Full text Cite