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Post-traumatic stress disorder moderates the association between BrainAge acceleration and GrimAge acceleration.

Journal articles  - Journal Article
Beakas, J; Dwulit, AK; Hussain, A; Garrett, ME; Ashley-Koch, A; Clausen, AN; Harnett, NG; Ressler, KJ; van Rooij, SJH; Stevens, JS; Smith, AK ...
Published in: Neurobiol Aging
May 29, 2026

Individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are at higher risk for age-related physical comorbidities, such as cardiovascular disorders, and exhibit accelerated epigenetic and brain aging. The present study examined PTSD as a moderator of the association between DNA methylation (DNAm)-based systemic aging (GrimAge, PhenoAge) and brain aging, indexed by MRI-based and DNAm-derived BrainAge estimates, in 174 lifetime PTSD cases and 138 trauma-exposed controls from four cohorts. Peripheral DNAm assayed with the MethylationEPIC BeadChip was used to calculate epigenetic age acceleration (EAA), using multiple clocks (GrimAge, PC GrimAge, PC PhenoAge), and DNAm-based BrainAge acceleration. Neuroimaging-derived BrainAge estimates were calculated with T1-weighted MRI scans that were processed using FreeSurfer v5.3 and run on BrainageR. Meta-analysis of the four cohorts examined the interactions between lifetime PTSD and EAA on BrainAge acceleration. EAA measures were intercorrelated (0.43 < rmeta < 0.84), but MRI-based BrainAge acceleration was not correlated with any EAA estimate (rmeta = 0.03, p = 0.56). Lifetime PTSD moderated the association between PC GrimAge acceleration and DNAm-based BrainAge acceleration (Standardized Mean Difference [SMD] = 0.84 [95% CI: -1.51, -0.17], p = 0.01), and the association between GrimAge acceleration and MRI-based BrainAge acceleration (SMD = -0.40 [95% CI: -0.74, -0.07], p = 0.02). Stratified analyses confirmed that the positive associations between GrimAge acceleration and BrainAge acceleration were attenuated or absent in PTSD cases relative to trauma-exposed controls. Trauma-exposed individuals represent a vulnerable population who may benefit from personalized approaches guided by multi-modal measures of biological aging to prevent and manage modifiable medical disease processes.

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Published In

Neurobiol Aging

DOI

EISSN

1558-1497

Publication Date

May 29, 2026

Volume

167

Start / End Page

1 / 11

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Neurology & Neurosurgery
  • 5202 Biological psychology
  • 3209 Neurosciences
 

Citation

APA
Chicago
ICMJE
MLA
NLM
Beakas, J., Dwulit, A. K., Hussain, A., Garrett, M. E., Ashley-Koch, A., Clausen, A. N., … VA Mid-Atlantic MIRECC Workgroup. (2026). Post-traumatic stress disorder moderates the association between BrainAge acceleration and GrimAge acceleration. Neurobiol Aging, 167, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2026.05.010
Beakas, Jenna, Alexandra K. Dwulit, Ahmed Hussain, Melanie E. Garrett, Allison Ashley-Koch, Ashley N. Clausen, Nathaniel G. Harnett, et al. “Post-traumatic stress disorder moderates the association between BrainAge acceleration and GrimAge acceleration.Neurobiol Aging 167 (May 29, 2026): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2026.05.010.
Beakas J, Dwulit AK, Hussain A, Garrett ME, Ashley-Koch A, Clausen AN, et al. Post-traumatic stress disorder moderates the association between BrainAge acceleration and GrimAge acceleration. Neurobiol Aging. 2026 May 29;167:1–11.
Beakas, Jenna, et al. “Post-traumatic stress disorder moderates the association between BrainAge acceleration and GrimAge acceleration.Neurobiol Aging, vol. 167, May 2026, pp. 1–11. Pubmed, doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2026.05.010.
Beakas J, Dwulit AK, Hussain A, Garrett ME, Ashley-Koch A, Clausen AN, Harnett NG, Ressler KJ, van Rooij SJH, Stevens JS, Smith AK, Zannas AS, Linnstaedt SD, Jovanovic T, Koenen KC, McLean SA, Roeckner AR, Webb EK, Morey RA, Katrinli S, VA Mid-Atlantic MIRECC Workgroup. Post-traumatic stress disorder moderates the association between BrainAge acceleration and GrimAge acceleration. Neurobiol Aging. 2026 May 29;167:1–11.
Journal cover image

Published In

Neurobiol Aging

DOI

EISSN

1558-1497

Publication Date

May 29, 2026

Volume

167

Start / End Page

1 / 11

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Neurology & Neurosurgery
  • 5202 Biological psychology
  • 3209 Neurosciences