Journal ArticleTrials · October 30, 2024
BACKGROUND: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) poses a global health challenge with high morbidity and mortality rates. Early detection and prompt intervention are critical in preventing progression to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and cardiovascular complicat ...
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Journal ArticleKidney international · October 2024
Pharmacologic interventions to slow chronic kidney disease progression, such as ACE-inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, or sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors, often produce acute treatment effects on glomerular filtration rate (GFR) that dif ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of diabetes · September 2024
BackgroundWe examined the trajectory of estimated glomerular filtrate rate (eGFR), associated risk factors, and its relationship with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) among a multiethnic patient population with type 2 diabetes in Singapore.Meth ...
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Journal ArticleAnnals of internal medicine · July 2024
BackgroundIn patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD), the effects of initiating treatment with an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) or angiotensin-receptor blocker (ARB) on the risk for kidney failure with replacement ther ...
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Journal ArticleJ Am Heart Assoc · April 16, 2024
BACKGROUND: The SingHypertension primary care clinic intervention, which consisted of clinician training in hypertension management, subsidized single-pill combination medications, nurse-delivered motivational conversations and telephone follow-ups, improv ...
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Journal ArticleJ Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) · April 2024
Hypertension is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease in South Asia. The authors aimed to assess the cross-country differences in 24-h ambulatory, daytime, and nighttime systolic blood pressure (SBP) among rural population with uncontrolled clin ...
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Journal ArticleHypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · March 2024
High blood pressure causes over 10 million preventable deaths annually globally. Populations in low- and middle-income countries suffer the most, experiencing increased uncontrolled blood pressure and cardiovascular disease (CVD) deaths. Despite improvemen ...
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Journal ArticleBMC Nephrol · January 17, 2024
BACKGROUND: We aimed to explore the three-way interaction among age, gender, and kidney function on the risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS: In a retrospective cohort study, patients a ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of hypertension · January 2024
Hypertension, defined as persistently elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP) >140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) at least 90 mmHg (International Society of Hypertension guidelines), affects over 1.5 billion people worldwide. Hypertension is ass ...
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Journal ArticlePatient preference and adherence · January 2024
BackgroundHypertension is a major public health challenge, globally. Recently, we reported findings from cluster randomized trial in 8 primary care clinics in Singapore and showed that a multicomponent "SingHypertension" intervention comprising 1) ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association · December 2023
BackgroundElevated blood pressure (BP) is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular mortality. However, there is ongoing debate whether intensive BP lowering may paradoxically increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), especially in ...
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Journal ArticleJAMA · October 2023
ImportanceChronic kidney disease (low estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] or albuminuria) affects approximately 14% of adults in the US.ObjectiveTo evaluate associations of lower eGFR based on creatinine alone, lower eGFR based on ...
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Journal ArticleNature medicine · July 2023
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) decline is causally associated with kidney failure and is a candidate surrogate endpoint for clinical trials of chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression. Analyses across a diverse spectrum of interventions and populations i ...
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Journal ArticleChronic Illn · June 2023
OBJECTIVES: This study aims to examine the impact of COVID-19 measures on wellbeing and self-management in medically vulnerable non-COVID patients and their views of novel modalities of care in Singapore. METHODS: Patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · June 2023
Significance statementChanges in albuminuria and GFR slope are individually used as surrogate end points in clinical trials of CKD progression, and studies have demonstrated that each is associated with treatment effects on clinical end points. In ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of hypertension · May 2023
Spot urine samples with estimating equations have been used to assess individuals' sodium (salt) intake in association with health outcomes. There is large random and systematic error in estimating sodium intake using this method and spurious health outcom ...
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Journal ArticleJ Hum Hypertens · April 2023
Women have been reported to be at greater risk of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) than men in South Asia, but whether the sex disparity is affected by central obesity and blood pressure has not been well studied. We examined prospectively the interactio ...
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Journal ArticleCardiovascular research · March 2023
AbstractRaised blood pressure (BP) is the leading cause of preventable death in the world. Yet, its global prevalence is increasing, and it remains poorly detected, treated, and controlled in both high- and low-resource settings. From the perspect ...
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Journal ArticleClinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN · February 2023
BackgroundThe GFR slope has been evaluated as a surrogate end point for kidney failure in meta-analyses on a broad collection of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in CKD. These analyses evaluate how accurately a treatment effect on GFR slope pre ...
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Journal ArticleEuropean journal of preventive cardiology · January 2023
AimsThe 2021 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guideline on cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention categorizes moderate and severe chronic kidney disease (CKD) as high and very-high CVD risk status regardless of other factors like age and does ...
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Journal ArticleKidney international · January 2023
The availability of electronic health records and access to a large number of routine measurements of serum creatinine and urinary albumin enhance the possibilities for epidemiologic research in kidney disease. However, the frequency of health care use and ...
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Journal ArticleTransplantation direct · January 2023
Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in kidney transplant recipients. Trial evidence to improve cardiovascular outcomes is limited by inconsistent reporting of outcomes, which may also lack patient-relevance. This study aimed ...
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Journal ArticlePloS one · January 2023
BackgroundCOBRA-BPS (Control of Blood Pressure and Risk Attenuation-Bangladesh, Pakistan, Sri Lanka), a multicomponent, community health-worker (CHW)-led hypertension management program, has been shown to be effective in rural communities in South ...
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Journal ArticlePloS one · January 2023
BackgroundInconsistent conclusions in past studies on the association between poor glycaemic control and the risk of hospitalization for heart failure (HHF) have been reported largely due to the analysis of non-trajectory-based HbA1c values. Traje ...
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Journal ArticleBMJ Open · December 19, 2022
INTRODUCTION: Most of the global non-communicable disease (NCD)-related death burden is borne by low and middle-income countries (LMICs). In LMICs like Pakistan, however, a major gap in responding to NCDs is a lack of high-quality research leading to polic ...
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Journal ArticleBMJ Open Diabetes Res Care · October 2022
OBJECTIVE: The Pre-Diabetes Interventions and Continued Tracking to Ease-out Diabetes (Pre-DICTED) Program is a diabetes prevention trial comparing the diabetes conversion rate at 3 years between the intervention group, which receives the incentivized life ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of aging and health · August 2022
ObjectivesTo assess the association of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) with mortality among older adults in Singapore.MethodsAssociation of SBP and DBP measured in 2009 for 4443 older adults (69.5±7.4 year ...
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Journal ArticlePLoS Med · June 2022
BACKGROUND: Despite availability of clinical practice guidelines for hypertension management, blood pressure (BP) control remains sub-optimal (<30%) even in high-income countries. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of a potentially scalable multic ...
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Journal ArticleInternational urology and nephrology · April 2022
ObjectiveThis study aimed at determining the feasibility of conducting a large-scale pragmatic effectiveness study on the implementation of multidisciplinary care (MDC) program for patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD).Methods
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Journal ArticleBMC health services research · April 2022
IntroductionThe burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is rising globally including in Singapore. Primary care is the first point of contact for most patients with early stages of CKD. However, several barriers to optimal CKD management exist. Kno ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of human hypertension · February 2022
Identifying patients with hypertension at high risk of cardio-metabolic multi-morbidity (CMM) is key for intervention. We examined the independent association of CMM with ethnicity and socioeconomic status (SES) among patients with uncontrolled hypertensio ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · February 2022
BackgroundAcute changes in GFR can occur after initiation of interventions targeting progression of CKD. These acute changes complicate the interpretation of long-term treatment effects.MethodsTo assess the magnitude and consistency of ac ...
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Journal ArticleBMC nephrology · February 2022
BackgroundThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused significant psychological distress globally. Our study assessed the prevalence of psychological distress and associated factors during COVID-19 pandemic among kidney transplant ...
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Journal ArticleJ Am Med Dir Assoc · January 2022
OBJECTIVES: Little empirical research exists on how key stakeholders involved in the provision of care for chronic conditions and policy planning perceive the indirect or "spillover" effects of the COVID-19 on non-COVID patients. This study aims to explore ...
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Journal ArticlePLoS One · 2022
OBJECTIVES: Among older adults in China and the US, we aimed to compare the biomarkers of chronic-kidney-diseases (CKD), factors associated with CKD, and the correlation between CKD and mortality. SETTING: China and the US. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional an ...
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Journal ArticleDigital health · January 2022
BackgroundNepal is a South Asian country with a high burden of non-communicable diseases. Electronic health technologies are a promising strategy to mitigate the rising burden of non-communicable diseases by strengthening primary healthcare center ...
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Journal ArticleFront Cardiovasc Med · 2022
INTRODUCTION: Hypertension is an important contributor to cardiovascular disease related morbidity and mortality. Despite the magnitude of its negative impact on cardiovascular outcomes, treatment and control of hypertension remain suboptimal in both men a ...
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Journal ArticleKidney Int Rep · November 2021
INTRODUCTION: In managing end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), older adults face a decision regarding whether to undergo dialysis or manage symptoms through kidney supportive care (KSC). This article describes the development of a patient decision aid (PDA) th ...
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Journal ArticleAmerican journal of hypertension · September 2021
BackgroundInadequate treatment of hypertension is a widespread problem, especially in South Asian countries where cardiovascular disease mortality rates are high. We aimed to explore the effect of a multicomponent intervention (MCI) on antihyperte ...
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Journal ArticleTrials · August 6, 2021
BACKGROUND: Community-based diabetes prevention programs varied widely in effectiveness, and the intervention strategy consisting of lifestyle interventions, stepwise addition of metformin, and financial incentives has not been studied in real-world clinic ...
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Journal ArticleLancet (London, England) · August 2021
Chronic kidney disease is a progressive disease with no cure and high morbidity and mortality that occurs commonly in the general adult population, especially in people with diabetes and hypertension. Preservation of kidney function can improve outcomes an ...
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Journal ArticleBMJ open diabetes research & care · July 2021
IntroductionThe burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and related vascular complications is particularly high in Asians and ethnic minorities living in the West. However, the association of T2DM with socioeconomic status (SES) and ethnicity ha ...
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Journal ArticleLancet Glob Health · May 2021
BACKGROUND: COBRA-BPS (Control of Blood Pressure and Risk Attenuation-Bangladesh, Pakistan, Sri Lanka), a multi-component hypertension management programme that is led by community health workers, has been shown to be efficacious at reducing systolic blood ...
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Journal ArticleKidney Int Rep · April 2021
INTRODUCTION: The creatinine-based Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) equation was calibrated for the general Pakistan population (eGFRcr-PK) to eliminate bias and improve accuracy. Cysta ...
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Journal ArticleThe American journal of clinical nutrition · March 2021
BackgroundAlthough adherence to healthful dietary patterns has been associated with a lower risk of kidney function decline in Western populations, evidence in Asian populations remains scanty.ObjectivesWe examined predefined dietary patt ...
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Journal ArticleNutrition and cancer · January 2021
Background: Epidemiological studies have demonstrated separately that patients with kidney stone may have higher dietary intake of zinc and higher risk of developing kidney cancer. We prospectively assessed the associations of dietary zinc and other ...
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Journal ArticleAsia Pac J Public Health · January 2021
Hypertension is highly prevalent, but its pharmacological management has not been well evaluated in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This review examined the prescribing patterns of antihypertensives in LMICs. Data were extracted from a total of 2 ...
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Journal ArticleTrials · January 2021
IntroductionCardiovascular disease (O'Lone E, Viecelli AK, Craig JC, Tong A, Sautenet B, Herrington WG, et al., Am J Kidney Dis 76(1):109-20, 2020) remains the leading cause of death in Singapore. Uncontrolled hypertension confers the highest attr ...
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Journal ArticlePloS one · January 2021
BackgroundAsian populations are at high risk of diabetes and related vascular complications. We examined risk factor control, preventive care, and disparities in these trends among adults with diabetes in Singapore.MethodsThe sample inclu ...
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Journal ArticleFront Public Health · 2021
Background: There is a lack of evidence concerning the effective implementation of strategies for stroke prevention and management, particularly in resource-limited settings. A primary-care-based integrated mobile health intervention (SINEMA intervention) ...
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Journal ArticleInternational urology and nephrology · December 2020
ObjectiveTo explore and understand the experiences of healthcare professionals (HCPs) delivering care in a multidisciplinary care (MDC) clinic for advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients.MethodsThis is a qualitative study based on ...
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Journal ArticleNephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · October 2020
BackgroundCardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality in people on hemodialysis (HD). Cardiovascular outcomes are reported infrequently and inconsistently across trials in HD. This study aimed to identify the pri ...
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Journal ArticleBMJ open · October 2020
ObjectiveTo outline the facilitators and barriers to patients' self-management of predialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD).DesignQualitative.SettingThree polyclinics in a public primary care institution in Singapore.Participa ...
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Journal ArticleEClinicalMedicine · October 2020
BackgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) measures (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] and albuminuria) are frequently assessed in clinical practice and improve the prediction of incident cardiovascular disease (CVD), yet most major clinical ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of diabetes · August 2020
BackgroundThe relationship between alcohol intake and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) risk is controversial. Moreover, while evidence has shown that the relationship between alcohol and atherosclerosis may be modified by diabetes, whether this app ...
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Journal ArticleAmerican journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation · July 2020
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) affects more than two-thirds of patients receiving hemodialysis and is the leading cause of death in this population, yet CVD outcomes are infrequently and inconsistently reported in trials in patients receiving hemodialysis. A ...
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Journal ArticleGlob Public Health · April 2020
The burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) continues to grow in Vietnam, and reducing the burden of NCDs is a national priority. This study explored perspective of community health workers (CHWs), known as Village Health Workers (VHWs) in Vietnam, and ...
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Journal ArticleN Engl J Med · February 20, 2020
BACKGROUND: The burden of hypertension is escalating, and control rates are poor in low- and middle-income countries. Cardiovascular mortality is high in rural areas. METHODS: We conducted a cluster-randomized, controlled trial in rural districts in Bangla ...
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Journal ArticleAmerican journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation · February 2020
Rationale & objectiveThe Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services introduced the Quality Incentive Program (QIP) along with the bundled payment reform to improve the quality of dialysis care in the United States. The QIP has been criticized for us ...
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Journal ArticleBMC nephrology · January 2020
BackgroundDespite the high and rising burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in South Asia, factors that influence access to CKD care at the community level have not been studied previously, especially in the rural areas. We conducted a mixed meth ...
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Journal ArticlePloS one · January 2020
BackgroundThe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has escalated the burden of psychological distress. We aimed to evaluate factors associated with psychological distress among the predominantly general population during the COVID-19 pande ...
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Journal ArticleJAMA · December 3, 2019
IMPORTANCE: Early identification of individuals at elevated risk of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD) could improve clinical care through enhanced surveillance and better management of underlying health conditions. OBJECTIVE: To develop assessment to ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association · December 2019
Background Although hypertension is an established risk factor for chronic kidney disease, less is known about the relationship of pulse pressure (PP), a measure of arterial stiffness, with chronic kidney disease. We investigated the association of systoli ...
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Journal ArticleBMC nephrology · December 2019
BackgroundPatients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at high risk of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). The Kidney Failure Risk Equation (KFRE), which predicts ESKD risk among patients with CKD, has not been validated in primary care clinics in ...
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Journal ArticleNephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · October 2019
BackgroundWe aimed to determine the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its cross-country variation among hypertensive individuals in rural Bangladesh, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. We also explored the factors associated with CKD in these po ...
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Journal ArticleHealth Expect · October 2019
BACKGROUND: End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is increasing both globally and in Asia. Singapore has the fifth highest incidence of ESRD worldwide, a trend that is predicted to rise. Older patients with ESRD are faced with a choice of haemodialysis, peritonea ...
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Journal ArticleBMJ open · October 2019
IntroductionUncontrolled hypertension is the leading risk factor for mortality globally, including low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). However, pathways for seeking hypertension care and patients' experience with the utilisation of hea ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · September 2019
BackgroundRandomized trials of CKD treatments traditionally use clinical events late in CKD progression as end points. This requires costly studies with large sample sizes and long follow-up. Surrogate end points like GFR slope may speed up the ev ...
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Journal ArticleBMJ open · September 2019
ObjectiveTo determinate the prevalence and correlates of cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM), and their cross-country variation among individuals with hypertension residing in rural communities in South Asia.DesignA cross-sectional study ...
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Journal ArticleBMC Public Health · August 14, 2019
BACKGROUND: As the incidence and prevalence rates of end stage renal disease (ESRD) rise globally, a disproportionate increase has been observed in the elderly population. Singapore has the fifth highest incidence of treated ESRD worldwide, with the upward ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · July 2019
Identification of hypertensive patients with pre-diabetes or diabetes is important for timely prevention of complications including vascular disease. We aimed to compare the association and discrimination of central obesity measures (waist circumference [W ...
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Journal ArticleJMIR mHealth and uHealth · May 2019
BackgroundReliable home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM) is essential to effective hypertension management; however, manual recording is subject to underreporting and inaccuracies. Mobile health technologies hold great potential as HBPM tools, but ...
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Journal ArticleBMC Nephrol · March 1, 2019
BACKGROUND: Elderly end stage kidney patients face a decision concerning whether or not to initiate dialysis. In Asia, this decision is highly influenced by family caregivers. The objective of this paper was to understand patients' experience with and pref ...
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Journal ArticleSleep medicine · February 2019
ObjectivesAlthough epidemiological evidence suggests that short sleep duration may affect renal function, the influence of long sleep and risk of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is unclear. We examined the association between sleep duration and ris ...
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Journal ArticleBMC nephrology · January 2019
BackgroundExperimental studies have shown that exposure to incense burning may have deleterious effects on kidney function and architecture. However, the association between chronic exposure to incense smoke and risk of end-stage renal disease (ES ...
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Journal ArticlePLoS One · 2019
Hypertension is the leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease and leading cause of premature death globally. In 2008, approximately 40% of adults were diagnosed with hypertension, with more than 1.5 billion people estimated to be affected globally by ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of obesity · January 2019
We aimed to explore the cross-country variation in the prevalence of comorbid prediabetes or diabetes and determine the sociodemographic, lifestyle, and clinical factors, especially body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference, associated with comorbid di ...
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Journal ArticleKidney international · December 2018
There are an estimated 14,000 randomized trials published in chronic kidney disease. The most frequently reported outcomes are biochemical endpoints, rather than clinical and patient-reported outcomes including cardiovascular disease, mortality, and qualit ...
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Journal ArticleTrials · November 29, 2018
BACKGROUND: In rural south Asia, hypertension remains a significant public health issue with sub-optimal blood pressure (BP) control rates. The goal of the trial is to evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a multicomponent intervention (MCI) ...
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Journal ArticleThe Cochrane database of systematic reviews · November 2018
BackgroundMaintaining long-term vascular access patency is necessary for high quality haemodialysis (HD) treatment of patients with the terminal and most serious stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD) - end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Oral supplem ...
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Journal ArticleAmerican journal of hypertension · October 2018
BackgroundUncontrolled blood pressure (BP) is a leading risk factor for death and disability in South Asia. We aimed to determine the cross-country variation, and the factors associated with uncontrolled BP among adults treated for hypertension in ...
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Journal ArticleThe Journal of nutrition · August 2018
BackgroundCross-sectional studies suggest that coffee drinking is associated with better renal function. However, to our knowledge, no prospective study has examined its relation with the risk of end-stage renal disease (ESRD).ObjectiveWe ...
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Journal ArticleHealth Policy · August 2018
BACKGROUND: Despite literature suggesting conservative management (CM) is a viable option for elderly comorbid ESRD patients, the vast majority in Singapore receive dialysis. We hypothesized that the high demand for dialysis is driven by 1) lack of knowled ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of the American College of Cardiology · June 2018
Patients on long-term hemodialysis are at very high risk for cardiovascular disease but are usually excluded from clinical trials conducted in the general population or in at-risk populations. There are no universally agreed cardiovascular outcomes for tri ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Epidemiol · June 1, 2018
BACKGROUND: Change in the prevalence of raised blood pressure could be due to both shifts in the entire distribution of blood pressure (representing the combined effects of public health interventions and secular trends) and changes in its high-blood-press ...
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Journal ArticleTrials · March 14, 2018
BACKGROUND: Hypertension is a serious public health problem in Singapore and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD) with considerable implications for health-care resources. The goal of the trial is to comp ...
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Journal ArticleNephron · January 2018
BackgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major global public health challenge. We investigated determinants of CKD and their clinical utility in an ethnically diverse Southeast Asian population.MethodsElectronic health records (EHR) of ...
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Journal ArticlePatient preference and adherence · January 2018
PurposeHypertension is an increasing threat to global public health, a leading cause of premature death, and an important modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. Despite evidence on the efficacy of antihypertensive m ...
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Journal ArticleLancet · December 16, 2017
BACKGROUND: Underweight, overweight, and obesity in childhood and adolescence are associated with adverse health consequences throughout the life-course. Our aim was to estimate worldwide trends in mean body-mass index (BMI) and a comprehensive set of BMI ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of the American Society of Hypertension : JASH · December 2017
We aimed to evaluate the association of albuminuria and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at baseline and changes in these parameters with left ventricular mass index (LVMI) at 7 years in adults with hypertension from communities in Pakistan. A n ...
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Journal ArticleGenetic epidemiology · December 2017
Methods for genetic risk prediction have been widely investigated in recent years. However, most available training data involves European samples, and it is currently unclear how to accurately predict disease risk in other populations. Previous studies ha ...
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Journal ArticleNephrology (Carlton, Vic.) · October 2017
AimPost-donation kidney function has not been well characterized in the Southeast Asian population. We studied a retrospective cohort of 174 living kidney donors at Singapore General Hospital between 1976 and 2012, evaluated patterns of change in ...
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Journal ArticleKidney international · October 2017
The relationship between body mass index (BMI) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is confounded by co-morbidities associated with both conditions. Furthermore, the association at low range BMI is controversial. We studied this association in the Singapore ...
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Journal ArticleTrials · June 12, 2017
BACKGROUND: High blood pressure (BP) is the leading attributable risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). In rural South Asia, hypertension continues to be a significant public health issue with sub-optimal BP control rates. The goal of the trial is to compa ...
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Journal ArticleJ Am Heart Assoc · May 26, 2017
BACKGROUND: Plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) plays an essential role in the fibrinolysis system and thrombosis. Population studies have reported that blood PAI-1 levels are associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Howev ...
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Journal ArticleBMC nephrology · May 2017
BackgroundThe benefit of early dialysis initiation remains controversial with a paucity of data in Asians. Therefore, we undertook this study to investigate the association between timing of initiation of dialysis and mortality in Singapore.Me ...
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Journal ArticleKidney Int Rep · March 2017
INTRODUCTION: For elderly end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients with multiple comorbidities, dialysis may offer little survival benefit compared to conservative management (CM). Yet, many elderly ESRD patients undergo dialysis, partly due to physicians' ...
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Journal ArticleLancet · January 7, 2017
BACKGROUND: Raised blood pressure is an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and chronic kidney disease. We estimated worldwide trends in mean systolic and mean diastolic blood pressure, and the prevalence of, and number of people with, raised ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · January 2017
Randomized controlled trials suggest that protein restriction may retard the progression of CKD toward ESRD. However, the effects of dietary protein intake level and the food sources of dietary protein on the risk of ESRD in the general population remain u ...
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Journal ArticleKidney international · December 2016
Evidence-based cinical practice guidelines improve delivery of uniform care to patients with and at risk of developing kidney disease, thereby reducing disease burden and improving outcomes. These guidelines are not well-integrated into care delivery syste ...
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Journal ArticleKidney international · December 2016
The prevalence of diabetes around the world has reached epidemic proportions and is projected to increase to 642 million people by 2040. Diabetes is already the leading cause of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in most developed countries, and the growth in ...
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Journal ArticleBMC Nutrition · September 20, 2016
Background: The prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in South Asia is higher than in any other developing countries. The diversity of diets in populations among developing countries may be one explanation for the differences in CVD. This study was ca ...
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Journal ArticleJ Hypertens · September 2016
BACKGROUND: High blood pressure (BP) is the leading attributable risk for cardiovascular disease globally. There is little information on effective and sustainable public health system strategies for managing hypertension in South Asian countries. We condu ...
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Journal ArticleeLife · July 26, 2016
Being taller is associated with enhanced longevity, and higher education and earnings. We reanalysed 1472 population-based studies, with measurement of height on more than 18.6 million participants to estimate mean height for people born between 1896 and 1 ...
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Journal ArticleBMC health services research · July 2016
BackgroundHigh blood pressure (BP) is a leading contributor to cardiovascular mortality globally. There is scarcity of information on effective health systems interventions to lower BP and reduce cardiovascular risk in Southeast Asian countries. W ...
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Journal ArticleNephrol Dial Transplant · June 2016
Most of the global burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is occurring in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). As a result of rapid urbanization in LMICs, a growing number of populations are exposed to numerous environmental toxins, high infectious di ...
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Journal ArticleClinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN · June 2016
Background and objectivesIn the Control of Blood Pressure and Risk Attenuation trial, a 2×2 factorial design study (2004-2007), the combined home health education and trained general practitioner intervention delivered over 2 years was more effect ...
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Journal ArticleLancet · April 9, 2016
BACKGROUND: One of the global targets for non-communicable diseases is to halt, by 2025, the rise in the age-standardised adult prevalence of diabetes at its 2010 levels. We aimed to estimate worldwide trends in diabetes, how likely it is for countries to ...
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Journal ArticleLancet · April 2, 2016
BACKGROUND: Underweight and severe and morbid obesity are associated with highly elevated risks of adverse health outcomes. We estimated trends in mean body-mass index (BMI), which characterises its population distribution, and in the prevalences of a comp ...
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Journal ArticleNat Commun · January 21, 2016
Reduced glomerular filtration rate defines chronic kidney disease and is associated with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. We conducted a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies for estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), combining data ...
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Journal ArticleAmerican journal of hypertension · October 2015
BackgroundElevated blood pressure (BP) during early life years is associated with future risk of hypertension and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and lifestyle factors associated with prehyperte ...
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Journal ArticleLancet Diabetes Endocrinol · August 2015
BACKGROUND: Diabetes has been defined on the basis of different biomarkers, including fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-h plasma glucose in an oral glucose tolerance test (2hOGTT), and HbA1c. We assessed the effect of different diagnostic definitions on both ...
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Journal ArticleThe lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology · July 2015
BackgroundThe usefulness of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albuminuria for prediction of cardiovascular outcomes is controversial. We aimed to assess the addition of creatinine-based eGFR and albuminuria to traditional risk factor ...
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Journal ArticlePLoS Genet · March 2015
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have uncovered numerous genetic variants (SNPs) that are associated with blood pressure (BP). Genetic variants may lead to BP changes by acting on intermediate molecular phenotypes such as coded protein sequence or ge ...
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Journal ArticleNephrology (Carlton, Vic.) · February 2015
AimTo explore the relationship between physical activity and risk of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD).MethodsWe analysed data on a prospective cohort of 59,552 Chinese adults aged 45-74 years enrolled in the Singapore Chinese Health Study. ...
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Journal ArticleAsia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition · January 2015
Hypertension is one of the most common chronic diseases affecting more than 25% of adults worldwide. In Pakistan, 33% of the adult population suffers from hypertension. Numerous epidemiological studies have demonstrated the critical role of dietary pattern ...
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Journal ArticlePloS one · January 2015
BackgroundEvidence on long term effectiveness of public health strategies for lowering blood pressure (BP) is scarce. In the Control of Blood Pressure and Risk Attenuation (COBRA) Trial, a 2 x 2 factorial, cluster randomized controlled trial, the ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · November 2014
Surveillance and monitoring of cardiovascular risk factors including raised blood pressure are critical to informing efforts to prevent and control cardiovascular disease. Yet, many countries lack the capacity for adequate national surveillance. Furthermor ...
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Journal ArticleCochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · October 23, 2014
This is the protocol for a review and there is no abstract. The objectives are as follows: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of omega-3 fatty acids for the maintaining HD vascular access patency in CKD patients. The following will be addressed. To determ ...
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Journal ArticleKidney international · October 2014
Some suggest race-specific cutpoints for kidney measures to define and stage chronic kidney disease (CKD), but evidence for race-specific clinical impact is limited. To address this issue, we compared hazard ratios of estimated glomerular filtration rates ...
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Journal ArticleThe lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology · August 2014
BackgroundHigh blood pressure, blood glucose, serum cholesterol, and BMI are risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and some of these factors also increase the risk of chronic kidney disease and diabetes. We estimated mortality from cardiovascul ...
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Journal ArticleBMC nephrology · June 2014
BackgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing being recognized as a global public health problem. However, there is dearth of information on the prevalence, determinants, and management of CKD from low- and middle-income countries. The obje ...
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Journal ArticleBMJ open · April 2014
ObjectiveTo determine the correlation between dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and skin fold thickness (SKF) equations for estimation of body fat (BF) composition in secondary school children and validation of prediction equations by Slaugh ...
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Journal ArticleNat Genet · March 2014
To further understanding of the genetic basis of type 2 diabetes (T2D) susceptibility, we aggregated published meta-analyses of genome-wide association studies (GWAS), including 26,488 cases and 83,964 controls of European, east Asian, south Asian and Mexi ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of hypertension · March 2014
ObjectiveMicrocirculatory abnormalities precede the onset of hypertension and may explain its familial nature. We examined the relationship between parental blood pressure (BP) and offspring retinal microvasculature in Pakistani trios [father, mot ...
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Journal ArticleAmerican journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation · January 2014
BackgroundSouth Asians are at high risk for chronic kidney disease. However, unlike those in the United States and United Kingdom, laboratories in South Asian countries do not routinely report estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) when serum ...
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Journal ArticleLancet (London, England) · July 2013
Since the first description of the association between chronic kidney disease and heart disease, many epidemiological studies have confirmed and extended this finding. As chronic kidney disease progresses, kidney-specific risk factors for cardiovascular ev ...
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Journal ArticleArchives of disease in childhood · July 2013
BackgroundEffective strategies to combat childhood obesity are challenging, especially among South Asian girls. We conducted a pilot cluster trial of a school-based physical activity programme among preadolescent girls to determine the feasibility ...
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Journal ArticleLancet (London, England) · June 2013
Pakistan's enormous macroeconomic, internal, and human security challenges coexist alongside the opportunity created by a huge desire for change. With democracy taking root and a new constitutionally ushered era in state governance, The Lancet Series about ...
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Journal ArticleLancet (London, England) · June 2013
Non-communicable diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, cancers, respiratory diseases, diabetes, and mental disorders, and injuries have become the major causes of morbidity and mortality in Pakistan. Tobacco use and hypertension are the leading attr ...
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Journal ArticleBMC Nephrol · April 17, 2013
BACKGROUND: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an emerging public health problem worldwide. Previous studies have shown an association between blood pressure (BP) and CKD. However, it is not clear if there are ethnic differences in this association. We examin ...
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Journal ArticleMaturitas · April 2013
OBJECTIVE: To examine the ethnic differences in the association between metabolic syndrome components and CKD in Asian populations. METHODS: We analyzed data from three independent populations in Singapore representing the three major Asian ethnic groups ( ...
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Journal ArticlePloS one · January 2013
BackgroundThe relationship between smoking and risk of kidney failure, especially in people of Chinese origin, is not clear. We analyzed data from the Singapore Chinese Health Study to investigate whether smoking increases the risk of kidney failu ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of nutritional science · January 2013
Dietary pattern analysis is an epidemiological method designed to consider the complexity of food preferences and diet patterns of populations. Few studies from South Asia have used this methodology to describe population food intake. Our objective was to ...
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Journal ArticleNephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · October 2012
BackgroundUrine albumin excretion in the high normal range [urine albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR) 10-29 mg/g)] predicts hypertension in European-origin populations. However, the prognostic significance of UACR in the high normal range for incid ...
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Journal ArticleDiabetologia · August 2012
Aims/hypothesisMultiple genetic variants are associated with type 2 diabetes-related traits in Europeans, but their role in South Asian populations needs further study. We hypothesised that genetic variants associated with diabetes-related traits ...
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Journal ArticleJAMA · May 2012
ContextThe Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation more accurately estimates glomerular filtration rate (GFR) than the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) Study equation using the same variables, especially at ...
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Chapter · January 1, 2012
Chronic kidney disease has become a global public health problem with serious social and economic effects from premature morbidity and deaths. Kidney stone formers are at increased risk for chronic kidney disease (CKD)“both early and advanced stages”with t ...
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Journal ArticleAmerican journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation · November 2011
BackgroundPeople of South Asian origin are at high risk of chronic kidney disease. Some have suggested that the usual level of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in South Asians may be lower than in populations of European origin. However, measured ...
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Journal ArticleCirculation · October 2011
BackgroundEvidence on economically efficient strategies to lower blood pressure (BP) from low- and middle-income countries remains scarce. The Control of Blood Pressure and Risk Attenuation (COBRA) trial randomized 1341 hypertensive subjects in 12 ...
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Journal ArticleNature · September 11, 2011
Blood pressure is a heritable trait influenced by several biological pathways and responsive to environmental stimuli. Over one billion people worldwide have hypertension (≥140 mm Hg systolic blood pressure or ≥90 mm Hg diastolic blood pressure). Even sma ...
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Journal ArticleNat Genet · August 28, 2011
We carried out a genome-wide association study of type-2 diabetes (T2D) in individuals of South Asian ancestry. Our discovery set included 5,561 individuals with T2D (cases) and 14,458 controls drawn from studies in London, Pakistan and Singapore. We ident ...
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Journal ArticleAmerican journal of hypertension · August 2011
BackgroundThe association of adiposity during childhood with future risk of elevated blood pressure (BP) in South Asian children is not known. We aimed to investigate the relationship between waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI) with ...
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Journal ArticleDiabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · June 2011
AimsA common variant, rs9939609, in the FTO (fat mass and obesity) gene is associated with adiposity in Europeans, explaining its relationship with diabetes. However, data are inconsistent in South Asians. Our aim was to investigate the associatio ...
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Journal ArticleNephron. Clinical practice · January 2011
Blood pressure (BP) lowering is an important therapeutic goal in patients with diabetic and non-diabetic chronic kidney disease (CKD) for slowing progression and preventing onset of cardiovascular disease. The guidelines for treatment of hypertension in pa ...
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Journal ArticleBMJ (Clinical research ed.) · June 2010
ObjectiveTo assess the effectiveness of a community based lifestyle intervention on blood pressure in children and young adults in a developing country setting.DesignCluster randomised controlled trial.Setting12 randomly selected ...
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Journal ArticleLancet (London, England) · June 2010
BackgroundSubstantial controversy surrounds the use of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albuminuria to define chronic kidney disease and assign its stages. We undertook a meta-analysis to assess the independent and combined associat ...
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Journal ArticleAmerican journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation · December 2009
The organ trafficking market is on the rise worldwide. Numerous unfortunate stories of networks of brokers, physicians, and hospitals engaged in illegal trade have been featured in high-profile media. The profitable enterprises facilitating these unregulat ...
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Journal ArticleAnnals of Internal Medicine · November 3, 2009
Background: Despite convincing evidence that lowering blood pressure decreases cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, the hypertension burden remains high and control rates are poor in developing countries. Objective: To assess the effectiveness of 2 comm ...
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Journal ArticleThe National medical journal of India · July 2009
Public health law focuses on the nexus between law, public health and the legal tools applicable to public health issues. Though there have been consistent interventions to address public health concerns in the past, there exists a need for a contemporary ...
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Journal ArticleNephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · July 2009
BackgroundMicroalbuminuria (MA) is a known predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in European origin populations, but such data are lacking in native Indo-Asian populations, where CVD risks are high. Major electrocardiographic (ECG) changes are ...
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Journal ArticleAmerican journal of hypertension · November 2008
BackgroundHypertension is a major modifiable risk factor, and while sodium restriction in hypertensive patients appears effective, its role in normotensive individuals remains unclear. We assessed the effect of a low vs. high-sodium diet on blood ...
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Journal ArticleEchocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.) · September 2008
ObjectiveIndo-Asians have one of the highest rates of cardiovascular disease worldwide. Estimates and determinants of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in this population are not known. We sought to determine the prevalence of and risk factors fo ...
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Journal ArticleArchives of disease in childhood · May 2008
BackgroundChildhood obesity is an emerging global public health challenge. Evidence for the transition in nutrition in Indo-Asian developing countries is lacking. We conducted these analyses to determine the trends in nutritional status of school- ...
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Journal ArticleHeart (British Cardiac Society) · April 2008
UnlabelledIndo-Pakistani populations have one of the highest risks of coronary artery disease (CAD) in the world. A population-based, cross-sectional survey was conducted on 3143 adults aged >or=40 years from 12 randomly selected communities in Ka ...
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Journal ArticleBMJ (Clinical research ed.) · November 2007
ObjectiveTo determine the impact of a simple educational package for general practitioners on adherence to antihypertensive drugs.DesignCluster randomised controlled trial.SettingSix randomly selected communities in Karachi, Paki ...
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Journal ArticleBMC public health · October 2007
BackgroundWe conducted an observational study to determine the delay in presentation to hospital, and its associates among patients experiencing first Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) in Karachi, Pakistan.MethodsA hospital based cross-se ...
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Journal ArticleNephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · August 2007
BackgroundAlbuminuria (>30 mg/day) based on 24 h urine albumin excretion is one of the criteria for chronic kidney disease (CKD) and a predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Differences in urine albumin concentration and creatinine excretion r ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · June 2007
It is unclear whether patients with nondiabetic kidney disease benefit from angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) therapy when they are at low risk for disease progression or when they have low urinary protein excretion. With the use of a combined ...
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Journal ArticleInternational journal of cardiology · March 2007
This retrospective, case-control study was carried out to find putative correlations of eNOS G894T polymorphism with essential hypertension (EHT) amongst adult Pakistani Pathans. We investigated a sample population of 332 (154 men, 178 women) comprising gr ...
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Journal ArticleCMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · October 2006
BackgroundThe associations of body mass index (BMI) and chronic disease may differ between Indo-Asian and Western populations. We used Indo-Asian-specific definitions of overweight and obesity to determine the prevalence of these problems in Pakis ...
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Journal ArticleBMC infectious diseases · June 2006
BackgroundInfections with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) can lead to chronic liver disease and hepato-cellular carcinoma (HCC). This cross-sectional study estimated the prevalence and identified risk factors associated with He ...
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Journal ArticleCurrent opinion in nephrology and hypertension · May 2006
Purpose of reviewCommunicable diseases were traditionally the major cause of public health concern in Asian countries, most of which were less developed. With industrialization and associated lifestyle changes during the past few decades, however, ...
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Journal ArticleBMC cardiovascular disorders · April 2006
BackgroundKnowledge is an important pre-requisite for implementing both primary as well as secondary preventive strategies for cardiovascular disease (CVD). There are no estimates of the level of knowledge of risk factor of heart disease in patien ...
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Journal ArticlePractical Diabetes International · March 1, 2006
The prevalence of diabetes in Pakistan is one of the highest reported worldwide. Proper education of patients regarding strategies to prevent complications of diabetes is an essential component of good management of diabetes. We conducted this study to det ...
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Journal ArticleInternational journal of cardiology · January 2006
AimsMigrant South Asian population in the West, particularly women, is more predisposed to central obesity and metabolic syndromes than native Caucasians. However, the burden of coexistence of clinical risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of hypertension · November 2005
ObjectiveWe analysed data collected during a nationwide cross-sectional household survey to estimate the prevalence of, and to identify factors associated with, blood pressure screening in Pakistan.DesignA population-based cross-sectional ...
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Journal ArticlePediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · October 2005
Proteinuria in children is a marker of kidney disease and atherosclerosis, both which are known predictors of cardiovascular mortality. Recent evidence suggests that migrant South Asian populations living in the West may be at higher risk of kidney disease ...
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Journal ArticleAmerican heart journal · August 2005
ObjectiveWe conducted this study to determine the prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) and its risk factors in Karachi, Pakistan.BackgroundMigrant South Asians residing in the West have one of the highest rates of CAD in the world. ...
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Journal ArticleEuropean journal of cardiovascular prevention and rehabilitation : official journal of the European Society of Cardiology, Working Groups on Epidemiology & Prevention and Cardiac Rehabilitation and Exercise Physiology · June 2005
ObjectiveWe analysed data collected during a nationwide cross-sectional household survey to estimate the prevalence of and identify factors associated with smoking in Pakistan.DesignPopulation-based, cross-sectional survey [National Healt ...
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Journal ArticleBMC public health · May 2005
BackgroundSelf-rated health (SRH) is a robust predictor of mortality. In UK, migrants of South Asian descent, compared to native Caucasian populations, have substantially poorer SRH. Despite its validation among migrant South Asian populations and ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · May 2005
Migrant populations of South Asian origin have a higher risk for chronic kidney disease than the native whites. Several formulas have been developed to estimate kidney function from serum creatinine concentration. However, none of these has been validated ...
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Journal ArticleEuropean review for medical and pharmacological sciences · May 2005
BackgroundResistin has proposed link with obesity related insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. The physiologic role of resistin in humans remains unknown. It is suggested that circulating resistin levels are not associated with obesity or insul ...
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Journal ArticleCirculation · March 2005
BackgroundBlood pressure during childhood is an established predictor of adult blood pressure, which in turn increases mortality as a result of cardiovascular disease. Adult South Asian populations are particularly predisposed to cardiovascular di ...
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Journal ArticleCirculation · March 2005
BackgroundControl of blood pressure (BP) remains suboptimal worldwide. The objective of this study was to determine whether (primary) general practitioners' (GPs) approach to high BP is in accordance with international guidelines.Methods and r ...
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Journal ArticleEuropean review for medical and pharmacological sciences · January 2005
Despite the high prevalence and significant morbidity and mortality associated with high chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients with hypertension, it remains vastly under-diagnosed and under-treated. Consequently, many patients develop kidney failure req ...
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Journal ArticleKidney international · January 2005
BackgroundIt is not known whether angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors slow the progression of polycystic kidney disease (PKD). We performed a patient-level meta-analysis to compare the effect of antihypertensive regimens, including ACE ...
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Journal ArticleDiabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · July 2004
AimsTo study the within ethnic subgroup variations in diabetes and central obesity among South Asians.MethodsData from 9442 individuals age > or = 15 years from the National Health Survey of Pakistan (NHSP) (1990-1994) were analysed. Diab ...
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Journal ArticleHeart (British Cardiac Society) · March 2004
ObjectiveTo determine the risk factors for premature myocardial infarction among young South Asians.Design and settingCase-control study in a hospital admitting unselected patients with non-fatal acute myocardial infarction.Methods an ...
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Journal ArticleNephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · October 2003
BackgroundSome studies suggest that progression of renal disease is slower in women than in men. However, other factors that are also associated with progression of renal disease have not always been taken into account. Therefore, we undertook thi ...
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Journal ArticleKidney international · October 2003
BackgroundHypertension, diabetes, increasing age, and smoking are known risk factors for proteinuria. Prevalence of proteinuria is high in South Asians. However, ethnic subgroup differences and determinants of proteinuria within the South Asian po ...
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Journal ArticleAnnals of internal medicine · August 2003
BackgroundAngiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors reduce blood pressure and urine protein excretion and slow the progression of chronic kidney disease.PurposeTo determine the levels of blood pressure and urine protein excretion ass ...
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Journal ArticleControlled clinical trials · June 2003
Individual patient data are often required to evaluate how patient-specific factors modify treatment effects. We describe our experience combining individual patient data from 1946 subjects in 11 randomized controlled trials evaluating the effect of angiot ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of hypertension · May 2003
ObjectiveCardiovascular risks are globally elevated in South Asians, but this masks important ethnic subgroup differences in risk factors, such as hypertension, which have not been fully explored. We conducted this study to explore the variations ...
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Journal ArticleKidney international · September 2001
BackgroundAngiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors reduce urine protein excretion and slow the progression of renal disease. The beneficial effect in slowing the progression of renal disease is greater in patients with higher urine protein e ...
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Journal ArticleAnnals of internal medicine · July 2001
PurposeTo examine the efficacy of ACE inhibitors for treatment of nondiabetic renal disease.Data sources11 randomized, controlled trials comparing the efficacy of antihypertensive regimens including ACE inhibitors to the efficacy of regim ...
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Journal ArticleKidney international. Supplement · April 2000
BackgroundA role for hypertension in the progression of renal disease has been convincingly shown in experimental animals only. In human studies, the relation between hypertension and progression is difficult to demonstrate due to several confound ...
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