Scholars@Duke
Christopher Charles Beyrer

Christopher Charles Beyrer

Gary Hock Distinguished Professor in Global Health
Medicine, Infectious Diseases

Selected Publications

A decade of PrEP: the evolution of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis content and sentiments in South African print news media, 2012-2021.

Journal Article Cult Health Sex · December 2024 After nearly a decade of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) rollout in sub-Saharan Africa, there has been limited study of PrEP messaging in news media. We selected twenty South African newspapers with the highest circulation volumes to retrieve articles ... Full text Link to item Cite

Brief Report: Interest in Long-acting Injectable PrEP among Transgender Women in Eastern and Southern United States

Journal Article Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes · September 1, 2024 Background:Among communities with elevated HIV burden, increased uptake of PrEP, including long-acting injectable (LAI) PrEP, could lower HIV incidence. Lack of data on LAI PrEP interest among transgender women in the United States has limited scientific u ... Full text Cite

The Impact of Stigma and Sexual Identity on PrEP Awareness and Use Among At-Risk Men Who Have Sex With Men in Four U.S. Cities (HPTN 078).

Journal Article Stigma Health · August 2024 Persistent pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use reduces the risk of HIV infection, yet uptake lags among those with the greatest need. Sexual identity stigma may be a significant barrier to PrEP awareness and use among high-risk communities. The primary aim ... Full text Link to item Cite

Perceived Feasibility and Acceptability of HIV Prevention Research With Daily Oral PrEP Among Young Transgender Women (YTGW) Who Sell or Trade Sex in Bangkok and Pattaya, Thailand.

Journal Article AIDS Educ Prev · August 2024 Young transgender women (YTGW) who sell or trade sex have among the highest HIV incidence rates in Thailand. Using qualitative methods, we assessed perceived acceptability, feasibility, and optimal design of a combination HIV prevention intervention includ ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Transgender Women With and Without HIV in the Eastern and Southern United States.

Journal Article J Infect Dis · June 14, 2024 BACKGROUND: Data on the epidemiology of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among transgender women (TGW) with and without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are limited. METHODS: We analyzed baseline data collected from a cohort of adult TGW across 6 e ... Full text Link to item Cite

Performance of the Applied Biosystems HIV-1 Genotyping Kit with Integrase.

Journal Article J Clin Microbiol · June 12, 2024 HIV genotyping is used to assess HIV susceptibility to antiretroviral drugs. The Applied Biosystems HIV-1 Genotyping Kit with Integrase (AB kit, Thermo Fisher Scientific) detects resistance-associated mutations (RAMs) in HIV protease (PR), reverse transcri ... Full text Link to item Cite

A Multicomponent Intervention (POSSIBLE) to Improve Perceived Risk for HIV Among Black Sexual Minority Men: Feasibility and Preliminary Effectiveness Pilot Study.

Journal Article JMIR Hum Factors · June 11, 2024 BACKGROUND: Increased pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use is urgently needed to substantially decrease HIV incidence among Black sexual minority men. Low perceived risk for HIV (PRH) is a key unaddressed PrEP barrier for Black sexual minority men. Peers an ... Full text Link to item Cite

Challenges in Arranging to Waive Parental Consent in HIV Prevention Studies of Adolescent Men Who have Sex with Men: The Case of HPTN 078.

Journal Article J Homosex · May 11, 2024 Including adolescent men who have sex with men (AMSM) in HIV prevention and treatment studies without parental permission is vital, but has often faced barriers. We examine the case of recent Institutional Review Boards (IRB) reviews of an HIV treatment an ... Full text Link to item Cite

Food Insecurity Is High in a Multi-Site Cohort of Transgender Women Vulnerable to or Living with HIV in the Eastern and Southern United States: Baseline Findings from the LITE Cohort.

Journal Article Nutrients · February 29, 2024 The prevalence and correlates of food insecurity-the unavailability of food and limited access to it-have not been adequately considered among transgender women (TW), particularly alongside other health-related conditions burdening this population, such as ... Full text Link to item Cite

Stigma, social and structural vulnerability, and mental health among transgender women: A partial least square path modeling analysis.

Journal Article J Nurs Scholarsh · January 2024 INTRODUCTION: Existing literature suggests that transgender women (TW) may be at high risk for adverse mental health due to stress attributed to combined experiences of stigma and complex social and structural vulnerabilities. Little research has examined ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patterns of Polysubstance Use in Young Black and Latinx Sexual Minority Men and Transgender Women and Its Association with Sexual Partnership Factors: The PUSH Study.

Journal Article Subst Use Misuse · 2024 Background: Adult studies have demonstrated that polysubstance use increases HIV acquisition risk through increased sexual behaviors, however, few studies have examined polysubstance in young Black and Latinx sexual minority men (SMM) and transgender women ... Full text Link to item Cite

PrEP initiation and discontinuation among transgender women in the United States: a longitudinal, mixed methods cohort study.

Journal Article J Int AIDS Soc · December 2023 INTRODUCTION: Transgender women in the United States experience high HIV incidence and suboptimal Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) engagement. We sought to estimate PrEP initiation and discontinuation rates and characterize PrEP discontinuation experiences ... Full text Link to item Cite

HIV and fungal priority pathogens.

Journal Article Lancet HIV · November 2023 The burden of invasive fungal infections associated with opportunistic fungal pathogens is a persistent challenge, particularly among people with advanced HIV disease. In October, 2022, WHO published the Fungal Priority Pathogens List (FPPL)-the first glob ... Full text Link to item Cite

Author Correction: HIV infection.

Journal Article Nat Rev Dis Primers · September 11, 2023 Full text Link to item Cite

HIV infection.

Journal Article Nat Rev Dis Primers · August 17, 2023 The AIDS epidemic has been a global public health issue for more than 40 years and has resulted in ~40 million deaths. AIDS is caused by the retrovirus, HIV-1, which is transmitted via body fluids and secretions. After infection, the virus invades host cel ... Full text Link to item Cite

High PrEP uptake, adherence, persistence and effectiveness outcomes among young Thai men and transgender women who sell sex in Bangkok and Pattaya, Thailand: findings from the open-label combination HIV prevention effectiveness (COPE) study.

Journal Article Lancet Reg Health Southeast Asia · August 2023 BACKGROUND: Daily oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is effective in preventing HIV infection, but no study has evaluated combination prevention interventions with PrEP for transgender women (TGW) and men who have sex with men (MSM) who sell sex. METHODS ... Full text Link to item Cite

HIV incidence and mortality in transgender women in the eastern and southern USA: a multisite cohort study.

Journal Article Lancet HIV · May 2023 BACKGROUND: Epidemiological monitoring of HIV among transgender women is minimal despite prioritisation of this group in the US National HIV/AIDS Strategy (2022-2025). We aimed to estimate HIV incidence in a multisite cohort of transgender women in the eas ... Full text Link to item Cite

Longitudinal patterns of initiation, persistence, and cycling on preexposure prophylaxis among female sex workers and adolescent girls and young women in South Africa.

Journal Article AIDS · May 1, 2023 OBJECTIVE: Female sex workers (FSW) and adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) face a disproportionately high risk of HIV in South Africa. Oral preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) can avert new infections, but its effectiveness is linked to consistent use. Ear ... Full text Link to item Cite

Associations between punitive policies and legal barriers to consensual same-sex sexual acts and HIV among gay men and other men who have sex with men in sub-Saharan Africa: a multicountry, respondent-driven sampling survey.

Journal Article The lancet. HIV · March 2023 BackgroundFew assessments of associations between structural-level factors and HIV among gay men and other men who have sex with men (MSM) have been conducted, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. Our objective was to examine HIV testing history, HIV ... Full text Cite

HTPN 078: an enhanced case management study to achieve viral suppression among viremic HIV-positive men who have sex with men in the United States.

Journal Article AIDS · February 1, 2023 OBJECTIVES: After identifying and recruiting men who have sex with men living with HIV and virally unsuppressed, this study attempted to enhance treatment and care via case management to increase the proportion who achieved viral suppression. DESIGN: Parti ... Full text Link to item Cite

Characterizing Arrest and Incarceration in a Prospective Cohort of Transgender Women.

Journal Article J Correct Health Care · February 2023 This study characterized arrest, incarceration, and risk factors for incident incarceration among transgender women (TW) in the northeastern and southern United States. During semiannual study visits over 24 months in a multicenter cohort study, TW complet ... Full text Link to item Cite

"It was like you were being literally punished for getting sick": formerly incarcerated people's perspectives on liberty restrictions during COVID-19.

Journal Article AJOB Empir Bioeth · 2023 BACKGROUND: COVID-19 has greatly impacted the health of incarcerated individuals in the US. The goal of this study was to examine perspectives of recently incarcerated individuals on greater restrictions on liberty to mitigate COVID-19 transmission. METHOD ... Full text Link to item Cite

Leveraging the HIV response to strengthen pandemic preparedness.

Journal Article PLOS Glob Public Health · 2023 The COVID-19 pandemic and the expectation of future pandemic threats have generated a global dialogue on strengthening pandemic preparedness and response (PPR). Thus far, this dialogue has largely failed to fully consider the critical role that established ... Full text Link to item Cite

Multilevel Stigma and Its Associations with Medical Care Ratings Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in HPTN 078.

Journal Article J Prim Care Community Health · 2023 INTRODUCTION: Our research assessed associations between stigma-related variables and medical care ratings among clients with HIV in HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) 078 who were men who have sex with men (MSM). METHODS: Logistic regression explored ca ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pandemic detention: life with COVID-19 behind bars in Maryland.

Journal Article Front Public Health · 2023 BACKGROUND: People incarcerated during the COVID-19 pandemic face higher vulnerability to infection due to structural and social factors in carceral settings. Additionally, due to the higher prevalence of chronic health conditions among carceral population ... Full text Link to item Cite

Consistency of reports of violence from northern Rakhine state in August 2017

Journal Article Conflict and Health · December 1, 2022 Background: In August 2017, Myanmar’s Armed Forces, the Tatmadaw, launched an orchestrated attack on hundreds of Rohingya-majority villages in northern Rakhine state. This study seeks to validate the consistency of previous reports of violence against the ... Full text Cite

Seeking justice amidst chaos: methods to identify and document individuals implicated in crimes against the Rohingya in August 2017

Journal Article Conflict and Health · December 1, 2022 Background: Documenting perpetrators of human rights violations enables effective prosecution and can help prevent future atrocities. Doing so calls for collecting reliable data using verifiable and transparent methodology. We present methods used to docum ... Full text Cite

Abuse in the Continua: HIV Prevention and Care Outcomes and Syndemic Conditions Associated with Intimate Partner Violence Among Black Gay and Bisexual Men in the Southern United States.

Journal Article AIDS and behavior · November 2022 Intimate partner violence (IPV) has been implicated in HIV acquisition and worse HIV outcomes. Limited research focuses on the experiences of Black gay and bisexual men. Using data from cross-sectional surveys in Baltimore, Maryland, and Jackson, Mississip ... Full text Cite

Diverse contexts and social factors among young cisgender men and transgender women who sell or trade sex in Bangkok and Pattaya, Thailand: formative research for a PrEP program implementation study.

Journal Article AIDS Care · November 2022 HIV incidence is high and persistent among cisgender men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TGW) who have sex with men, particularly among those who sell or trade sex. In preparation for an open-label combination HIV pre-exposure prophylaxi ... Full text Link to item Cite

"The role of case management in HIV treatment adherence: HPTN 078".

Journal Article AIDS Behav · September 2022 Adherence to care and antiretroviral therapy is challenging, especially for people living with HIV (PLWH) with additional co-occurring risk factors. Case management interventions, including motivational interviewing (MI), show promise to improve HIV treatm ... Full text Link to item Cite

How Can Progress Toward Ending the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Epidemic in the United States Be Monitored?

Journal Article Clin Infect Dis · August 24, 2022 The plan for Ending the HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) Epidemic (EHE) in the United States aims to reduce new infections by 75% by 2025 and by 90% by 2030. For EHE to be successful, it is important to accurately measure changes in numbers of new HIV in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Refining a Multicomponent Intervention to Increase Perceived HIV Risk and PrEP Initiation: Focus Group Study Among Black Sexual Minority Men.

Journal Article JMIR Form Res · August 10, 2022 BACKGROUND: Increased preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) initiation is needed to substantially decrease HIV incidence among Black sexual minority men (BSMM). However, BSMM perceive others as PrEP candidates instead of themselves and are less likely than other ... Full text Link to item Cite

Transactional sex, HIV and health among young cisgender men and transgender women who have sex with men in Thailand.

Journal Article Annals of epidemiology · August 2022 PurposeTo examine how recent sex work is identified and the HIV risk factors and service needs among Thai cisgender men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TGW) who exchange sex.MethodsMSM and TGW in Bangkok and Pattaya who ... Full text Cite

A Human Rights Framework for Advancing the Standard of Medical Care for Incarcerated People in the United States in the Time of COVID-19.

Journal Article Health Hum Rights · June 2022 The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the lack of resources and oversight that hinders medical care for incarcerated people in the United States. The US Supreme Court has held that "deliberate indifference" to "serious medical needs" violates the Constitut ... Link to item Cite

Prevention-effective adherence trajectories among transgender women indicated for PrEP in the United States: a prospective cohort study.

Journal Article Ann Epidemiol · June 2022 PURPOSE: Adherence to pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) during periods of PrEP-indication (i.e., prevention-effective adherence) is critical for preventing HIV. We sought to describe factors associated with prevention-effective adherence trajectories among t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dismantling Barriers and Transforming the Future of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Uptake in Young Black and Latinx Sexual Minority Men and Transgender Women.

Journal Article AIDS Patient Care STDS · May 2022 Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has the potential to transform HIV in young Black and Latinx sexual minority men (SMM) and transgender women (TW). Addressing low PrEP uptake in this population depends on the better understanding of barriers to PrEP use. Th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Rapid, application-based survey to characterise the impacts of COVID-19 on LGBTQ+ communities around the world: an observational study.

Journal Article BMJ Open · April 12, 2022 INTRODUCTION: Emerging evidence indicates that the COVID-19 pandemic, and the responses it has generated, have had disproportionate impacts on lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer (LGBTQ+) communities. This study seeks to build on existing informa ... Full text Link to item Cite

High acceptability of HIV self-testing in a randomized trial among transgender women and men who have sex with men, Myanmar.

Journal Article AIDS Care · April 2022 HIV self-testing (HIVST) shows promise to improve HIV diagnosis among those seeking privacy and anonymity in HIV testing. This may include sexual and gender diverse populations, who experience disproportionately high burdens of stigma and HIV globally. To ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Mid-Atlantic Centers for AIDS Research Consortium: Promoting HIV Science Through Regional Collaboration.

Journal Article AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses · March 2022 The Centers for AIDS Research (CFAR) program was established by the National Institutes of Health in 1988 to catalyze and support high-impact HIV research and to develop the next generation of HIV investigators at academic institutions throughout the Unite ... Full text Link to item Cite

Social Determinants of Transactional Sex in a Sample of Young Black and Latinx Sexual Minority Cisgender Men and Transgender Women.

Journal Article J Adolesc Health · February 2022 PURPOSE: We sought to explore characteristics and risk factors associated with transactional sex in a sample of young black and Latinx sexual minority cisgender men and transgender women of age 15 to 24 years who were living with or at high risk for HIV in ... Full text Link to item Cite

The passing of an AIDS Activist: in memorium, Archbishop Desmond Mpilo Tutu

Journal Article Journal of the International AIDS Society · January 1, 2022 Full text Cite

Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis for HIV Infection as a Public Health Tool.

Journal Article J Law Med Ethics · 2022 The efficacy of pre-exposure prophylaxis, PrEP, with antiviral agents for prevention of HIV infection has been demonstrated in multiple randomized controlled trials and demonstration projects. These trials have studied prevention at the individual level. T ... Full text Link to item Cite

INTRODUCTION Disrupting the Status Quo: Building Equitable Access to HIV PrEP in the US through Innovative Financing.

Journal Article J Law Med Ethics · 2022 This special edition of JLME centers on a novel proposal for a national PrEP access program with the potential to break through a failed status quo. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Financing and Delivering Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) to End the HIV Epidemic.

Journal Article J Law Med Ethics · 2022 The U.S. has the tools to end the HIV epidemic, but progress has stagnated. A major gap in U.S. efforts to address HIV is the under-utilization of medications that can virtually eliminate acquisition of the virus, known as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). ... Full text Link to item Cite

Qualitative Identification of Intervention Preferences to Support Men's Engagement and Retention in TB Care in South Africa.

Journal Article Am J Mens Health · 2022 Globally and in South African specifically, men account for 56% and 62% of all tuberculosis (TB) cases, respectively. Men are at increased risk of not accessing TB testing or treatment, and having poor treatment outcomes. Unfortunately, no interventions ex ... Full text Link to item Cite

Oral pre-exposure prophylaxis uptake, adherence, and adverse events among South African men who have sex with men and transgender women.

Journal Article South Afr J HIV Med · 2022 BACKGROUND: HIV prevention programmes that include pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TGW) in South Africa have not been widely implemented. OBJECTIVES: The authors examined oral PrEP uptake, adherenc ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Injection drug use practices and HIV infection among people who inject drugs in Kigali, Rwanda: a cross-sectional study.

Journal Article Harm Reduct J · December 15, 2021 BACKGROUND: In Rwanda, epidemiological data characterizing people who inject drugs (PWID) and their burden of HIV are limited. We examined injection drug use (IDU) history and practices, and HIV infection in a sample of PWID in Kigali. METHODS: From Octobe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Build on HIV investments for future pandemic preparedness

Journal Article BMJ Global Health · December 3, 2021 Full text Cite

Ensuring Rights while Protecting Health: The Importance of Using a Human Rights Approach in Implementing Public Health Responses to COVID-19.

Journal Article Health Hum Rights · December 2021 In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, governments around the world have implemented public health policies that limit individual freedoms in order to control disease transmission. While such limitations on liberties are sometimes necessary for pandemic con ... Link to item Cite

HIV Prevention Trials Network 078: High Prevalence of Hepatitis C Virus Antibodies Among Urban US Men Who Have Sex With Men, Independent of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Status.

Journal Article Clin Infect Dis · October 5, 2021 BACKGROUND: Sexual transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV) is uncommon, yet documented among men who have sex with men (MSM), primarily among those with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). METHODS: In the HIV Prevention Trials Network 078 study (HPTN 078), ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comparing recruitment strategies to engage hard-to-reach men who have sex with men living with HIV with unsuppressed viral loads in four US cities: Results from HPTN 078.

Journal Article J Int AIDS Soc · September 2021 INTRODUCTION: There is an urgent need to identify men who have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV with unsuppressed viral loads to prevent transmission. Though respondent-driven sampling (RDS) is traditionally used for hard-to-reach populations, we compare ... Full text Link to item Cite

Perceived HIV Acquisition Risk and Low Uptake of PrEP Among a Cohort of Transgender Women With PrEP Indication in the Eastern and Southern United States.

Journal Article J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr · September 1, 2021 INTRODUCTION: Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is effective in preventing HIV among adherent users. However, PrEP uptake among transgender women is low, and current prescribing guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) are not spec ... Full text Link to item Cite

Importance of non-pharmaceutical interventions in lowering the viral inoculum to reduce susceptibility to infection by SARS-CoV-2 and potentially disease severity.

Journal Article Lancet Infect Dis · September 2021 Adherence to non-pharmaceutical interventions to prevent the transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been highly variable across settings, particularly in the USA. In this Personal View, we review data supporting th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Polyvictimization Among Russian Sex Workers: Intimate Partner, Police, and Pimp Violence Cluster With Client Violence.

Journal Article J Interpers Violence · August 2021 Female sex workers (FSW) are a key population in the HIV epidemic and face high levels of violence. While women globally are predominantly at risk of intimate partner violence (IPV), FSW are additionally vulnerable to violence from clients, police, and pim ... Full text Link to item Cite

Overview of the epidemiological conditions of HIV among key populations in Africa.

Journal Article J Int AIDS Soc · July 2021 INTRODUCTION: Despite extraordinary progress in HIV treatment coverage and expanding access to HIV prevention services and that multiple African countries are on track in their efforts to reach 90-90-90 goals, the epidemic continues to persist, with preval ... Full text Link to item Cite

Work undone-HIV/AIDS in the USA

Journal Article Science · June 25, 2021 Full text Cite

An evaluation of assumptions underlying respondent-driven sampling and the social contexts of sexual and gender minority youth participating in HIV clinical trials in the United States.

Journal Article J Int AIDS Soc · May 2021 INTRODUCTION: Respondent-driven sampling (RDS) has been an effective sampling strategy for HIV research in many settings, but has had limited success among some youth in the United States. We evaluated a modified RDS approach for sampling Black and Latinx ... Full text Link to item Cite

Perceived Interruptions to HIV Prevention and Treatment Services Associated With COVID-19 for Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex With Men in 20 Countries.

Journal Article J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr · May 1, 2021 BACKGROUND: The coronavirus pandemic has necessitated a range of population-based measures to stem the spread of infection. These measures may be associated with disruptions to other health services including for gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex w ... Full text Link to item Cite

Digital Epidemiologic Research on Multilevel Risks for HIV Acquisition and Other Health Outcomes Among Transgender Women in Eastern and Southern United States: Protocol for an Online Cohort.

Journal Article JMIR Res Protoc · April 26, 2021 BACKGROUND: The HIV epidemic disproportionately impacts transgender women in the United States. Cohort studies identify unique risks for affected populations, but use of facility-based methods may bias findings towards individuals living in research catchm ... Full text Link to item Cite

The potential effect of COVID-19-related disruptions on HIV incidence and HIV-related mortality among men who have sex with men in the USA: a modelling study.

Journal Article Lancet HIV · April 2021 BACKGROUND: During the COVID-19 pandemic, men who have sex with men (MSM) in the USA have reported similar or fewer sexual partners and reduced HIV testing and care access compared with before the pandemic. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use has also decl ... Full text Link to item Cite

Masks Reduce Viral Inoculum of SARS-CoV2.

Journal Article J Gen Intern Med · April 2021 Full text Link to item Cite

The persistent and evolving HIV epidemic in American men who have sex with men.

Journal Article Lancet · March 20, 2021 Men who have sex with men (MSM) in the USA were the first population to be identified with AIDS and continue to be at very high risk of HIV acquisition. We did a systematic literature search to identify the factors that explain the reasons for the ongoing ... Full text Link to item Cite

The opioid crisis and HIV in the USA: deadly synergies.

Journal Article Lancet · March 20, 2021 The opioid epidemic is one of the greatest public health problems that the USA faces. Opioid overdose death rates have increased steadily for more than a decade and doubled in 2013-17, as the highly potent synthetic opioid fentanyl entered the drug supply. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Epidemiology of HIV in the USA: epidemic burden, inequities, contexts, and responses.

Journal Article Lancet · March 20, 2021 The HIV epidemic in the USA began as a bicoastal epidemic focused in large cities but, over nearly four decades, the epidemiology of HIV has changed. Public health surveillance data can inform an understanding of the evolution of the HIV epidemic in terms ... Full text Link to item Cite

Call to action: how can the US Ending the HIV Epidemic initiative succeed?

Journal Article Lancet · March 20, 2021 With more than 1·2 million people living with HIV in the USA, a complex epidemic across the large and diverse country, and a fragmented health-care system marked by widening health disparities, the US HIV epidemic requires sustained scientific and public h ... Full text Link to item Cite

Economic, Mental Health, HIV Prevention and HIV Treatment Impacts of COVID-19 and the COVID-19 Response on a Global Sample of Cisgender Gay Men and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men.

Journal Article AIDS Behav · February 2021 There is an urgent need to measure the impacts of COVID-19 among gay men and other men who have sex with men (MSM). We conducted a cross-sectional survey with a global sample of gay men and other MSM (n = 2732) from April 16, 2020 to May 4, 2020, through a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Gaps in Science and Evidence-Based Interventions to Respond to Intimate Partner Violence Among Black Gay and Bisexual Men in the U.S.: A Call for an Intersectional Social Justice Approach

Journal Article Sexuality and Culture · February 1, 2021 Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a prevalent but under recognized issue among sexual minorities broadly, but especially among Black Gay and Bisexual Men (BGBM). Over the last several years, acts of IPV among BGBM made national news, drawing attention to ... Full text Cite

Increasing Black, Indigenous and People of Color participation in clinical trials through community engagement and recruitment goal establishment.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2021 Longstanding social and economic inequities elevate health risks and vulnerabilities for Black, Indigenous and People of Color (BIPOC) communities. Engagement of BIPOC communities in infectious disease research is a critical component in efforts to increas ... Full text Link to item Cite

COVID-19 vaccine prioritization of incarcerated people relative to other vulnerable groups: An analysis of state plans.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2021 BACKGROUND: Carceral facilities are epicenters of the COVID-19 pandemic, placing incarcerated people at an elevated risk of COVID-19 infection. Due to the initial limited availability of COVID-19 vaccines in the United States, all states have developed all ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assessing the Impact of Targeted Screening and Treatment of Diabetes and Hypertension among Adults Living with HIV in Nairobi, Kenya

Conference Proceedings - Winter Simulation Conference · December 14, 2020 Individuals living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) today are living longer, thanks to expanded access to antiretroviral therapy (ART); however, this population is therefore increasingly at risk for many age-associated comorbidities. The future heal ... Full text Cite

Risk for COVID-19 infection and death among Latinos in the United States: examining heterogeneity in transmission dynamics.

Journal Article Ann Epidemiol · December 2020 PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to ascertain COVID-19 transmission dynamics among Latino communities nationally. METHODS: We compared predictors of COVID-19 cases and deaths between disproportionally Latino counties (≥17.8% Latino population) and al ... Full text Link to item Cite

Performance of a high-throughput next-generation sequencing method for analysis of HIV drug resistance and viral load.

Journal Article J Antimicrob Chemother · December 1, 2020 OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the performance of a high-throughput research assay for HIV drug resistance testing based on whole genome next-generation sequencing (NGS) that also quantifies HIV viral load. METHODS: Plasma samples (n = 145) were obtained from HIV ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assessing the use of surveillance data to estimate the impact of prevention interventions on HIV incidence in cluster-randomized controlled trials.

Journal Article Epidemics · December 2020 BACKGROUND: In cluster-randomized controlled trials (C-RCTs) of HIV prevention strategies, HIV incidence is expensive to measure directly. Surveillance data on HIV diagnoses or viral suppression could provide cheaper incidence estimates. We used mathematic ... Full text Link to item Cite

Masks Do More Than Protect Others During COVID-19: Reducing the Inoculum of SARS-CoV-2 to Protect the Wearer.

Journal Article J Gen Intern Med · October 2020 Although the benefit of population-level public facial masking to protect others during the COVID-19 pandemic has received a great deal of attention, we discuss for one of the first times the hypothesis that universal masking reduces the "inoculum" or dose ... Full text Link to item Cite

Individual and Social Network Factors Associated with High Self-efficacy of Communicating about Men's Health Issues with Peers among Black MSM in an Urban Setting.

Journal Article J Urban Health · October 2020 Black men who have sex with men (BMSM) bear a disproportionate burden of HIV in the USA. BMSM face stigma, discrimination and barriers to health care access, and utilization. Peers (male or female) may assist BMSM in navigating their health issues by engag ... Full text Link to item Cite

Providing Unique Support for Health Study Among Young Black and Latinx Men Who Have Sex With Men and Young Black and Latinx Transgender Women Living in 3 Urban Cities in the United States: Protocol for a Coach-Based Mobile-Enhanced Randomized Control Trial.

Journal Article JMIR Res Protoc · September 16, 2020 BACKGROUND: The US National HIV/AIDS Strategy 2020 calls for increasing access to care, improving outcomes of people living with HIV, and targeting biomedical prevention efforts, including access to pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in communities where HIV ... Full text Link to item Cite

A structural equation model of factors associated with HIV risk behaviors and mental health among men who have sex with men in Malawi.

Journal Article BMC Infect Dis · August 10, 2020 BACKGROUND: Men who have sex with men (MSM) bear a disproportionate burden of HIV in Malawi. Early prevention efforts in Malawi have been largely focused on preventing heterosexual and vertical transmission of HIV, and MSM have rarely been the specific ben ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assessing differential impacts of COVID-19 on black communities.

Journal Article Ann Epidemiol · July 2020 PURPOSE: Given incomplete data reporting by race, we used data on COVID-19 cases and deaths in U.S. counties to describe racial disparities in COVID-19 disease and death and associated determinants. METHODS: Using publicly available data (accessed April 13 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Understanding the HIV Epidemic Among MSM in Baltimore: A Modeling Study Estimating the Impact of Past HIV Interventions and Who Acquired and Contributed to Infections.

Journal Article J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr · July 1, 2020 INTRODUCTION: Men who have sex with men (MSM) in the United States are disproportionately affected by HIV. We estimated the impact of past interventions and contribution of different population groups to incident MSM HIV infections. SETTING: Baltimore, US. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Understanding COVID-19 risks and vulnerabilities among black communities in America: the lethal force of syndemics.

Journal Article Ann Epidemiol · July 2020 Black communities in the United States are bearing the brunt of the COVID-19 pandemic and the underlying conditions that exacerbate its negative consequences. Syndemic theory provides a useful framework for understanding how such interacting epidemics deve ... Full text Link to item Cite

COVID-19 and the US response: accelerating health inequities.

Journal Article BMJ Evid Based Med · June 3, 2020 Health inequities have long defined health and the healthcare system in the USA. The clinical and research capacity across the USA is unparalleled, yet compared to other high and even some middle-income countries, the average health indicators of the popul ... Full text Link to item Cite

Integrated screening and treatment services for HIV, hypertension and diabetes in Kenya: assessing the epidemiological impact and cost-effectiveness from a national and regional perspective.

Journal Article J Int AIDS Soc · June 2020 INTRODUCTION: As people with HIV age, prevention and management of other communicable and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) will become increasingly important. Integration of screening and treatment for HIV and NCDs is a promising approach for addressing th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Undocumented U.S. Immigrants and Covid-19.

Journal Article N Engl J Med · May 21, 2020 Full text Link to item Cite

Depression, sexual behavior, and HIV treatment outcomes among transgender women, cisgender women and men who have sex with men living with HIV in Brazil and Thailand: a short report.

Journal Article AIDS Care · March 2020 One in five transgender women (TW) are living with HIV, yet little has been published about their health outcomes. We analyzed data from TW (n = 37), cisgender women (CW, n = 165), and cisgender men who have sex with men (MSM, n = 151) in Thailand and Braz ... Full text Link to item Cite

Associations Between Violence and HIV Risk Behaviors Differ by Perpetrator Among Russian Sex Workers.

Journal Article AIDS Behav · March 2020 Violence is associated with HIV and HIV risk behaviors among female sex workers (FSW). However, few studies assess multiple forms of violence and multiple HIV risk behaviors to build a comprehensive picture of how violence is implicated in HIV risk. Using ... Full text Link to item Cite

Two men, two losses, two eras.

Journal Article Lancet · February 15, 2020 Full text Link to item Cite

Testing the Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness of a Combination HIV Prevention Intervention Among Young Cisgender Men Who Have Sex With Men and Transgender Women Who Sell or Exchange Sex in Thailand: Protocol for the Combination Prevention Effectiveness Study.

Journal Article JMIR Res Protoc · January 27, 2020 BACKGROUND: Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is highly effective in the prevention of HIV acquisition, particularly for men who have sex with men (MSM). Questions remain on the benefits of PrEP and implementation strategies for those at occupational risk of ... Full text Link to item Cite

HIV drug resistance in a cohort of HIV-infected MSM in the United States.

Journal Article AIDS · January 1, 2020 OBJECTIVE: To analyze HIV drug resistance among MSM recruited for participation in the HPTN 078 study, which evaluated methods for achieving and maintaining viral suppression in HIV-infected MSM. METHODS: Individuals were recruited at four study sites in t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Role of Structural Marginalization, HIV Stigma, and Mistrust on HIV Prevention and Treatment Among Young Black Latinx Men Who Have Sex with Men and Transgender Women: Perspectives from Youth Service Providers.

Journal Article AIDS Patient Care STDS · January 2020 Young black and Latinx men who have sex with men (YBLMSM) and transgender women (YBLTW) are disproportionately impacted by HIV. Structural and social marginalization, the social barriers, and structures that unevenly distribute benefits and burdens to diff ... Full text Link to item Cite

"You Have to Keep Yourself Hidden": Perspectives From Malaysian Malay-Muslim Men Who Have Sex With Men on Policy, Network, Community, and Individual Influences on HIV Risk.

Journal Article J Homosex · 2020 Malay-Muslim men who have sex with men (MSM) are marginalized and hidden in Malaysia, a predominantly Muslim country in southeast Asia. We explored the policy, network, community, and individual factors related to HIV infection among Malay-Muslim MSM throu ... Full text Link to item Cite

HIV testing and engagement with the HIV treatment cascade among men who have sex with men in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Journal Article Lancet HIV · November 2019 BACKGROUND: HIV disproportionately affects gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM) in Africa, where many countries criminalise same-sex behaviour. We assessed changes in the engagement of African MSM with HIV testing and treatment cascade ... Full text Link to item Cite

American Cohort to Study HIV Acquisition Among Transgender Women in High-Risk Areas (The LITE Study): Protocol for a Multisite Prospective Cohort Study in the Eastern and Southern United States.

Journal Article JMIR Res Protoc · October 3, 2019 BACKGROUND: In the United States, transgender women (TW) are disproportionately burdened by HIV infection. Cohort studies are needed to evaluate factors driving HIV acquisition among TW over time. These will require implementation strategies that are accep ... Full text Link to item Cite

Correlates of Water-Based Lubricant Use Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Blantyre, Malawi.

Journal Article AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses · September 2019 Condom compatible lubricants (CCLs), including water-based lubricants (WBL) represent one strategy to prevent the breakage of latex condoms and thus decrease the risk of HIV transmission during anal intercourse. The analyses presented here characterize the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Venezuelan Migration and the Border Health Crisis in Colombia and Brazil

Journal Article Journal on Migration and Human Security · September 1, 2019 : Venezuela’s economic crisis has triggered mass migration; more than 3.4 million Venezuelans have fled to other countries in the region and beyond. An assessment mission to Cúcuta, in the Colombian border state of North Santander, was undertaken from July ... Full text Cite

Section 377: Why sodomy statutes matter.

Journal Article J Int AIDS Soc · May 2019 Full text Link to item Cite

The food security and nutrition crisis in Venezuela.

Journal Article Soc Sci Med · April 2019 As Venezuela's economic and political crises continues to evolve, hyperinflation, declining food production and food shortages are contributing to the deterioration of the food and nutrition situation. While official data is largely unavailable, food secur ... Full text Link to item Cite

Siyaphambili protocol: An evaluation of randomized, nurse-led adaptive HIV treatment interventions for cisgender female sex workers living with HIV in Durban, South Africa.

Journal Article Res Nurs Health · April 2019 In South Africa, 60% of female sex workers are estimated to be living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Many of these women face structural and individual-level barriers to initiating, accessing, and adhering to antiretroviral therapy (ART). While d ... Full text Link to item Cite

Venezuela's public health crisis: a regional emergency.

Journal Article Lancet · March 23, 2019 The economic crisis in Venezuela has eroded the country's health-care infrastructure and threatened the public health of its people. Shortages in medications, health supplies, interruptions of basic utilities at health-care facilities, and the emigration o ... Full text Link to item Cite

An assessment of stigma and human right violations among men who have sex with men in Abuja, Nigeria.

Journal Article BMC Int Health Hum Rights · March 5, 2019 BACKGROUND: There have been several barriers in effectively engaging men who have sex with men for STI/HIV prevention and treatment programming in Nigeria including social stigma, policies, and laws criminalizing same-sex practices. The objective of this s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Improvements in the HIV care continuum needed to meaningfully reduce HIV incidence among men who have sex with men in Baltimore, US: a modelling study for HPTN 078.

Journal Article J Int AIDS Soc · March 2019 INTRODUCTION: HIV prevalence is high among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Baltimore, Maryland, United States, and the levels of viral suppression among HIV-positive MSM are relatively low. The HIV Prevention Trials Network 078 trial seeks to increase t ... Full text Link to item Cite

"We are not gays… don't tell me those things": engaging 'hidden' men who have sex with men and transgender women in HIV prevention in Myanmar.

Journal Article BMC Public Health · January 14, 2019 BACKGROUND: In Myanmar, HIV is concentrated among key populations, yet less than half of the estimated 250,000 men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TW) report recent HIV testing. As many as 50% of MSM and TW may conceal their same-sex pre ... Full text Link to item Cite

Unraveling Health Disparities Among Sexual and Gender Minorities: A Commentary on the Persistent Impact of Stigma.

Journal Article J Homosex · 2019 LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender) populations experience disparities in health outcomes, both physical and mental, compared to their heterosexual and cisgender peers. This commentary confronts the view held by some researchers that the dispara ... Full text Link to item Cite

Topics in Global LGBTQ Health

Chapter · January 1, 2019 This is a time of simultaneous urgency, promise, and injustice for sexual and gender minorities worldwide. Globally, LGBTQ populations face an HIV/AIDS epidemic among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women, higher prevalence of substance use ... Full text Cite

Defining rights-based indicators for HIV epidemic transition.

Journal Article PLoS Med · December 2018 In a Policy Forum, Joseph Amon and colleagues discuss human rights indicators for tracking progress toward ending the HIV epidemic. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Impact of Providing Preexposure Prophylaxis for Human Immunodeficiency Virus at Clinics for Sexually Transmitted Infections in Baltimore City: An Agent-based Model.

Journal Article Sex Transm Dis · December 2018 BACKGROUND: Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) greatly reduces the risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition, but its optimal delivery strategy remains uncertain. Clinics for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) can provide an efficient venue fo ... Full text Link to item Cite

No more Scott Counties.

Journal Article Lancet HIV · October 2018 Full text Link to item Cite

Potential impact of implementing and scaling up harm reduction and antiretroviral therapy on HIV prevalence and mortality and overdose deaths among people who inject drugs in two Russian cities: a modelling study.

Journal Article Lancet HIV · October 2018 BACKGROUND: Most new HIV infections among people who inject drugs (PWID) in eastern Europe and central Asia occur in Russia, where PWID have a high risk of overdose. In Russia, use of opioid agonist therapy (OAT) is prohibited, and coverage of needle and s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Enhanced immigration enforcement in the USA and the transnational continuity of HIV care for Latin American immigrants in deportation proceedings.

Journal Article Lancet HIV · October 2018 In our work as clinicians, researchers, and immigrant rights advocates, we have noted increased anxiety about the possibility of deportation and disruptions in care among immigrants with HIV. Before the 2016 US elections, patients rarely asked about HIV tr ... Full text Link to item Cite

The global response and unmet actions for HIV and sex workers.

Journal Article Lancet · August 25, 2018 Female, male, and transgender sex workers continue to have disproportionately high burdens of HIV infection in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries in 2018. 4 years since our Lancet Series on HIV and sex work, our updated analysis of the gl ... Full text Link to item Cite

Inequalities in HAART uptake and differential survival according to exposure category in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Journal Article Cad Saude Publica · August 20, 2018 Despite substantial improvement in prognosis and quality of life among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Brazil, inequalities in access to treatment remain. We assessed the impact of these inequalities on survival in Rio de Janeiro over a 12-year peri ... Full text Link to item Cite

Expert consensus statement on the science of HIV in the context of criminal law.

Journal Article J Int AIDS Soc · July 2018 INTRODUCTION: Globally, prosecutions for non-disclosure, exposure or transmission of HIV frequently relate to sexual activity, biting, or spitting. This includes instances in which no harm was intended, HIV transmission did not occur, and HIV transmission ... Full text Link to item Cite

HIV and Viral Hepatitis Among Imprisoned Key Populations.

Journal Article Epidemiol Rev · June 1, 2018 Prisons and other closed facilities create opportunities for transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and viral hepatitis during detention and after release. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of peer-reviewed publications (2005-2 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Epidemiology of HIV, Sexually Transmitted Infections, Viral Hepatitis, and Tuberculosis Among Incarcerated Transgender People: A Case of Limited Data.

Journal Article Epidemiol Rev · June 1, 2018 Transgender people experience a disproportionate burden of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and incarceration. Discrimination, victimization, poverty, and poor mental health drive vulnerability to HIV and related infections, as well as risk of arrest, de ... Full text Link to item Cite

Forced anal examinations to ascertain sexual orientation and sexual behavior: An abusive and medically unsound practice.

Journal Article PLoS Med · March 2018 In an essay, Cody Cichowitz and colleagues discuss approaches to preventing the practice of inappropriate anal examination. ... Full text Link to item Cite

HIV Drug Resistance.

Journal Article N Engl J Med · March 1, 2018 Full text Link to item Cite

Age-Specific Global Prevalence of Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, HIV, and Tuberculosis Among Incarcerated People: A Systematic Review.

Journal Article J Adolesc Health · March 2018 PURPOSE: This study aims to compare the global prevalence of hepatitis B, hepatitis C, HIV, and tuberculosis in incarcerated adolescents and young adults (AYAs) and older prisoners. METHODS: This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies re ... Full text Link to item Cite

Age-Related Differences in Socio-demographic and Behavioral Determinants of HIV Testing and Counseling in HPTN 043/NIMH Project Accept.

Journal Article AIDS Behav · February 2018 Youth represent a large proportion of new HIV infections worldwide, yet their utilization of HIV testing and counseling (HTC) remains low. Using the post-intervention, cross-sectional, population-based household survey done in 2011 as part of HPTN 043/NIMH ... Full text Link to item Cite

A Public Health Strategy for the Opioid Crisis.

Journal Article Public Health Rep · 2018 Drug overdose is now the leading cause of injury death in the United States. Most overdose fatalities involve opioids, which include prescription medication, heroin, and illicit fentanyl. Current data reveal that the overdose crisis affects all demographic ... Full text Link to item Cite

An Education and Field Experience Program to Increase Detection of Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Hepatitis C Virus.

Journal Article Prog Community Health Partnersh · 2018 BACKGROUND: Baltimore is an urban center that has been highly impacted by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV); however, many individuals are unaware of their HIV and/or HCV status. In 2013, the Johns Hopkins Center for AIDS Resea ... Full text Link to item Cite

HIV Education and Sexual Risk Behaviors Among Young Men Who Have Sex with Men.

Journal Article LGBT Health · 2018 PURPOSE: Men who have sex with men (MSM) have nearly 80 times the lifetime risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) relative to men who have sex with women only (MSW), and young MSM (YMSM) accounted for 95% of estimated HIV diagnoses among adolescents be ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Cholera Epidemic in Zimbabwe, 2008-2009: A Review and Critique of the Evidence.

Journal Article Health Hum Rights · December 2017 The 2008-2009 Zimbabwe cholera epidemic resulted in 98,585 reported cases and caused more than 4,000 deaths. In this study, we used a mixed-methods approach that combined primary qualitative data from a 2008 Physicians for Human Rights-led investigation wi ... Link to item Cite

The expanding epidemic of HIV-1 in the Russian Federation.

Journal Article PLoS Med · November 2017 In a Perspective, Chris Beyrer and coauthors discuss the threat of HIV to health in the Russian Federation. ... Full text Link to item Cite

HIV viral load monitoring among key populations in low- and middle-income countries: challenges and opportunities.

Journal Article J Int AIDS Soc · November 2017 INTRODUCTION: Key populations bear a disproportionate HIV burden and have substantial unmet treatment needs. Routine viral load monitoring represents the gold standard for assessing treatment response at the individual and programme levels; at the populati ... Full text Link to item Cite

Acceptability of microbicidal vaginal rings and oral pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention among female sex workers in a high-prevalence US city.

Journal Article AIDS Care · November 2017 Biomedical HIV prevention tools including oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and vaginal microbicidal rings hold unique value for high-risk women who may have limited capacity for condom negotiation, including the key populations of sex workers and drug ... Full text Link to item Cite

HIV and the criminalisation of drug use among people who inject drugs: a systematic review.

Journal Article Lancet HIV · August 2017 BACKGROUND: Mounting evidence suggests that laws and policies prohibiting illegal drug use could have a central role in shaping health outcomes among people who inject drugs (PWID). To date, no systematic review has characterised the influence of laws and ... Full text Link to item Cite

The science of Durban, AIDS 2016.

Journal Article J Int AIDS Soc · June 30, 2017 INTRODUCTION: The science presented at the 21st International AIDS Conference in Durban, South Africa, in July 2016, addressed the state of the field across basic, clinical, prevention, law and policy and implementation science. METHODS AND RESULTS: The AI ... Full text Link to item Cite

Burden of HIV, Syphilis, and Hepatitis B and C Among Inmates in a Prison State System in Mexico.

Journal Article AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses · June 2017 We studied the prevalence of HIV, syphilis, hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and associated risk behaviors in the prison state system of Guanajuato, Mexico between September 2011 and February 2012. Blood samples were drawn fro ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Impact of Preexposure Prophylaxis Among Men Who Have Sex With Men: An Individual-Based Model.

Journal Article J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr · June 1, 2017 OBJECTIVES: Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is recommended for preventing HIV infection among individuals at high risk, including men who have sex with men (MSM). Although its individual-level efficacy is proven, questions remain regarding population-level ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sexual Identity, Stigma, and Depression: the Role of the "Anti-gay Propaganda Law" in Mental Health among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Moscow, Russia.

Journal Article J Urban Health · June 2017 Depression is a major public health problem in the Russian Federation and is particularly of concern for men who have sex with men (MSM). MSM living in Moscow City were recruited via respondent-driven sampling and participated in a cross-sectional survey f ... Full text Link to item Cite

Geographical disparities in HIV prevalence and care among men who have sex with men in Malawi: results from a multisite cross-sectional survey.

Journal Article Lancet HIV · June 2017 BACKGROUND: Epidemiological assessment of geographical heterogeneity of HIV among men who have sex with men (MSM) is necessary to inform HIV prevention and care strategies in the more generalised HIV epidemics across sub-Saharan Africa, including Malawi. W ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Parasol Protocol: An Implementation Science Study of HIV Continuum of Care Interventions for Gay Men and Transgender Women in Burma/Myanmar.

Journal Article JMIR Res Protoc · May 17, 2017 BACKGROUND: Efforts to improve HIV diagnosis and antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation among people living with HIV and reduce onward transmission of HIV rely on innovative interventions along multiple steps of the HIV care continuum. These innovative me ... Full text Link to item Cite

New HIV testing technologies in the context of a concentrated epidemic and evolving HIV prevention: qualitative research on HIV self-testing among men who have sex with men and transgender women in Yangon, Myanmar.

Journal Article J Int AIDS Soc · April 25, 2017 INTRODUCTION: Global effort to increase early diagnosis and engagement in HIV care emphasize the importance of developing novel approaches to reaching those missed by traditional methods. Such needs are particularly great for men who have sex with men (MSM ... Full text Link to item Cite

HIV incidence among gay men and other men who have sex with men in 2020: where is the epidemic heading?

Journal Article Sex Health · February 2017 The goal to effectively prevent new HIV infections among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM) is more challenging now than ever before. Despite declines in the late 1990s and early 2000s, HIV incidence among MSM is now increasing in man ... Full text Link to item Cite

Enhanced use of phylogenetic data to inform public health approaches to HIV among men who have sex with men.

Journal Article Sex Health · February 2017 The multidimensional nature and continued evolution of HIV epidemics among men who have sex with men (MSM) requires innovative intervention approaches. Strategies are needed that recognise the individual, social and structural factors driving HIV transmiss ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comparing Provider and Client Preferences for HIV Prevention Services in South Africa among Men Who Have Sex with Men.

Journal Article J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care · 2017 Combination prevention efforts are now recommended toward reducing HIV incidence among men who have sex with men (MSM). Understanding the perceptions of both MSM and service providers is critical to informing the development of prevention packages and ulti ... Full text Link to item Cite

Risk factors for prevalent hepatitis C virus-infection among inmates in a state prison system in Mexico.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2017 OBJECTIVES: To estimate the prevalence of HCV-infection and identify associated factors among inmates in the State Prison System of Guanajuato in Mexico (Sep-2011 to Feb-2012). METHODS: Cross-sectional, observational study in 10 prisons in the State of Gua ... Full text Link to item Cite

WAR IN THE BLOOD: SEX, POLITICS AND AIDS IN SOUTHEAST ASIA, Second edition

Book · January 1, 2017 Effective treatment for HIV and AIDS came in 1996. For sufferers in the developed world, this marked a true watershed moment: the end of the death sentence. But for many in the developing world, including in Southeast Asia, these new treatments remained fa ... Cite

A Medical Care Missed Opportunity: Preexposure Prophylaxis and Young Black Men Who Have Sex With Men.

Journal Article J Adolesc Health · December 2016 PURPOSE: HIV disproportionately impacts young black men who have sex with men (YBMSM). Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an effective strategy that can avert new HIV infections in YBMSM. Barriers exist for YBMSM to access PrEP. METHODS: We sought to determ ... Full text Link to item Cite

Engagement of Gay Men and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) in the Response to HIV: A Critical Step in Achieving an AIDS-Free Generation.

Journal Article AIDS Behav · December 2016 Men who have sex with men (MSM) continue to be at elevated risk for HIV acquisition and transmission secondary to biological and behavioral characteristics, social and sexual network characteristics, community environmental factors, and structural factors. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Using Population-Size Estimation and Cross-sectional Survey Methods to Evaluate HIV Service Coverage Among Key Populations in Burkina Faso and Togo.

Journal Article Public Health Rep · November 2016 OBJECTIVES: The objective of our study was to measure progress toward the UNAIDS 90-90-90 HIV care targets among key populations in urban areas of 2 countries in West Africa: Burkina Faso and Togo. METHODS: We recruited female sex workers (FSWs) and men wh ... Full text Link to item Cite

Towards Equity in Service Provision for Gay Men and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men in Repressive Contexts.

Journal Article PLoS Med · October 2016 Chris Beyrer and colleagues reflect on an underappreciated trend in multiple African, Asian, and Caribbean settings, in which the provision of HIV and other essential health services for sexual and gender minorities is expanding despite challenging legal a ... Full text Link to item Cite

HIV, prisoners, and human rights.

Journal Article Lancet · September 17, 2016 Worldwide, a disproportionate burden of HIV, tuberculosis, and hepatitis is present among current and former prisoners. This problem results from laws, policies, and policing practices that unjustly and discriminatorily detain individuals and fail to ensur ... Full text Link to item Cite

HIV and tuberculosis in prisons in sub-Saharan Africa.

Journal Article Lancet · September 17, 2016 Given the dual epidemics of HIV and tuberculosis in sub-Saharan Africa and evidence suggesting a disproportionate burden of these diseases among detainees in the region, we aimed to investigate the epidemiology of HIV and tuberculosis in prison populations ... Full text Link to item Cite

Global burden of HIV, viral hepatitis, and tuberculosis in prisoners and detainees.

Journal Article Lancet · September 10, 2016 The prison setting presents not only challenges, but also opportunities, for the prevention and treatment of HIV, viral hepatitis, and tuberculosis. We did a comprehensive literature search of data published between 2005 and 2015 to understand the global e ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prisoners, prisons, and HIV: time for reform.

Journal Article Lancet · September 10, 2016 Full text Link to item Cite

Data and methods to characterize the role of sex work and to inform sex work programs in generalized HIV epidemics: evidence to challenge assumptions.

Journal Article Ann Epidemiol · August 2016 In the context of generalized human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemics, there has been limited recent investment in HIV surveillance and prevention programming for key populations including female sex workers. Often implicit in the decision to limit in ... Full text Link to item Cite

The global response to HIV in men who have sex with men.

Journal Article Lancet · July 9, 2016 Gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM) continue to have disproportionately high burdens of HIV infection in countries of low, middle, and high income in 2016. 4 years after publication of a Lancet Series on MSM and HIV, progress on reduci ... Full text Link to item Cite

Public health and international drug policy.

Journal Article Lancet · April 2, 2016 UNLABELLED: In September 2015, the member states of the United Nations endorsed sustainable development goals (SDG) for 2030 that aspire to human rights-centered approaches to ensuring the health and well-being of all people. The SDGs embody both the UN Ch ... Full text Link to item Cite

Which New Health Technologies Do We Need to Achieve an End to HIV/AIDS?

Journal Article PLoS Biol · March 2016 In the last 15 years, antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been the most globally impactful life-saving development of medical research. Antiretrovirals (ARVs) are used with great success for both the treatment and prevention of HIV infection. Despite these re ... Full text Link to item Cite

Alcohol Use and Associated Sexual and Substance Use Behaviors Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Moscow, Russia.

Journal Article AIDS Behav · March 2016 Alcohol use is a public health problem in the Russian Federation. This study explored relationships between alcohol use and behavioral risks for HIV transmission among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Moscow, Russia. Alcohol use disorder identification t ... Full text Link to item Cite

The HIV care continuum among men who have sex with men in Moscow, Russia: a cross-sectional study of infection awareness and engagement in care.

Journal Article Sex Transm Infect · March 2016 OBJECTIVES: Early diagnosis and treatment of HIV infection is critical to improving clinical outcomes for HIV-infected individuals. We sought to characterise the HIV care continuum and identify correlates of being unaware of one's HIV infection among men w ... Full text Link to item Cite

Projecting the impact of implementing pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV among men who have sex with men in Baltimore city

Conference Proceedings - Winter Simulation Conference · February 16, 2016 Men who have sex with men (MSM) experience over half of new HIV infections annually in Baltimore city. Oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and antiretroviral therapy (ART) are likely to play central roles in reducing the risk of HIV transmission. However, ... Full text Cite

The high cost of an early transition

Journal Article The Lancet · January 16, 2016 Full text Cite

Marked sex differences in all-cause mortality on antiretroviral therapy in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Journal Article J Int AIDS Soc · 2016 INTRODUCTION: While women and girls are disproportionately at risk of HIV acquisition, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), globally men and women comprise similar proportions of people living with HIV who are eligible for antiretrovira ... Full text Link to item Cite

Implementation of pre-exposure prophylaxis for human immunodeficiency virus infection: progress and emerging issues in research and policy.

Journal Article J Int AIDS Soc · 2016 BACKGROUND: In this article, we present recent evidence from studies focused on the implementation, effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV infection; discuss PrEP scale-up to date, including the observed levels of a ... Full text Link to item Cite

"We're Not Done".

Journal Article IAVI Rep · 2016 Link to item Cite

Comparison of Respondent Driven Sampling Estimators to Determine HIV Prevalence and Population Characteristics among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Moscow, Russia.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2016 Analytically distinct estimators have been proposed for the calculation of population-based estimates derived from respondent-driven sampling (RDS), yet there have been few comparisons of the inferences from these estimators using empirical data. We compar ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Silk Road Health Project: How Mobility and Migration Status Influence HIV Risks among Male Migrant Workers in Central Asia.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2016 OBJECTIVES: We examined whether mobility, migrant status, and risk environments are associated with sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and HIV risk behaviors (e.g. sex trading, multiple partners, and unprotected sex). METHODS: We used Respondent Driven ... Full text Link to item Cite

Human Rights Violations among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Southern Africa: Comparisons between Legal Contexts.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2016 In 1994, South Africa approved a constitution providing freedom from discrimination based on sexual orientation. Other Southern African countries, including Botswana, Malawi, and Namibia, criminalize same-sex behavior. Men who have sex with men (MSM) have ... Full text Link to item Cite

A social network typology and sexual risk-taking among men who have sex with men in Cape Town and Port Elizabeth, South Africa.

Journal Article Cult Health Sex · 2016 Despite the high prevalence of HIV among men who have sex with men in South Africa, very little is known about their lived realities, including their social and sexual networks. Given the influence of social network structure on sexual risk behaviours, a b ... Full text Link to item Cite

Contraceptive use among female sex workers in three Russian cities.

Journal Article Int J Gynaecol Obstet · November 2015 OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of, and factors associated with, use of non-barrier contraception (intrauterine device, hormonal contraceptives, and female sterilization) among female sex workers (FSWs) in three Russian cities. METHODS: A secondary ... Full text Link to item Cite

HIV treatment cascade in MSM, people who inject drugs, and sex workers.

Journal Article Curr Opin HIV AIDS · November 2015 PURPOSE OF REVIEW: People who inject drugs (PWID), sex workers, and MSM simultaneously bear a high burden of HIV and stigma and discrimination. The purpose of this review was to summarize recent information about the understanding of the HIV care cascade a ... Full text Link to item Cite

The proper study of mankind.

Journal Article Lancet · October 31, 2015 Full text Link to item Cite

Militarization, human rights violations and community responses as determinants of health in southeastern Myanmar: Results of a cluster survey

Journal Article Conflict and Health · October 6, 2015 Background: The Myanmar army and ethnic armed groups agreed to a preliminary ceasefire in 2012, but a heavy military presence remains in southeastern Myanmar. Qualitative data suggested this militarization can result in human rights abuses in the absence o ... Full text Cite

HIV Outbreak in Indiana.

Journal Article N Engl J Med · October 2015 Full text Link to item Cite

Feasibility of a Combination HIV Prevention Program for Men Who Have Sex With Men in Blantyre, Malawi.

Journal Article J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr · October 1, 2015 INTRODUCTION: The use of combination HIV prevention interventions (CHPI) now represent the standard of care to minimize HIV acquisition risks among men who have sex with men (MSM). There has been limited evaluation of these approaches in generalized HIV ep ... Full text Link to item Cite

Current and recent drug use intensifies sexual and structural HIV risk outcomes among female sex workers in the Russian Federation.

Journal Article Int J Drug Policy · August 2015 BACKGROUND: Female sex workers (FSW) and people who inject drugs (PWID) are at high risk for HIV infection, with FSW-PWID at even greater risk. HIV-related research often focuses on the primary mode of transmission - sexual or parenteral transmission for F ... Full text Link to item Cite

An effective tool for identifying HIV-1 subtypes B, C, CRF01_AE, their recombinant forms, and dual infections in Southeast Asia by the multi-region subtype specific PCR (MSSP) assay.

Journal Article J Virol Methods · June 1, 2015 The RV144 Thai vaccine trial has been the only vaccine study to show efficacy in preventing HIV infection. Ongoing molecular surveillance of HIV-1 in Southeast Asia is vital for vaccine development and evaluation. In this study a novel tool, the multi-regi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Anal human papillomavirus and HIV: A cross-sectional study among men who have sex with men in Moscow, Russia, 2012-2013.

Journal Article Euro Surveill · April 16, 2015 Anal human papillomavirus (HPV) is prevalent among men who have sex with men (MSM), but has not been studied in the Russian Federation. A cross-sectional survey and HPV genotyping were conducted among HIV seropositive (n=58) and seronegative MSM (n=65)in M ... Full text Link to item Cite

Improvement of HAART in Brazil, 1998-2008: a nationwide assessment of survival times after AIDS diagnosis among men who have sex with men.

Journal Article BMC Public Health · March 7, 2015 BACKGROUND: In 1996, Brazil became the first developing country to provide free, universal access to HAART, laboratory monitoring, and clinical care to any eligible patient. As of June 2014, approximately 400,000 patients were under treatment, making it th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Female sex workers' experiences with intended pregnancy and antenatal care services in southern Tanzania.

Journal Article Stud Fam Plann · March 2015 Understanding the pregnancy experiences of female sex workers (FSWs), especially in the context of high rates of HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs), is essential to tailoring services to meet their needs. This study explores FSWs' experiences w ... Full text Link to item Cite

An action agenda for HIV and sex workers.

Journal Article Lancet · January 17, 2015 The women, men, and transgender people who sell sex globally have disproportionate risks and burdens of HIV in countries of low, middle, and high income, and in concentrated and generalised epidemic contexts. The greatest HIV burdens continue to be in Afri ... Full text Link to item Cite

Human rights violations against sex workers: burden and effect on HIV.

Journal Article Lancet · January 10, 2015 We reviewed evidence from more than 800 studies and reports on the burden and HIV implications of human rights violations against sex workers. Published research documents widespread abuses of human rights perpetrated by both state and non-state actors. Su ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dispelling myths about sex workers and HIV.

Journal Article Lancet · January 3, 2015 Full text Link to item Cite

IAPAC Guidelines for Optimizing the HIV Care Continuum for Adults and Adolescents.

Journal Article J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care · 2015 BACKGROUND: An estimated 50% of people living with HIV (PLHIV) globally are unaware of their status. Among those who know their HIV status, many do not receive antiretroviral therapy (ART) in a timely manner, fail to remain engaged in care, or do not achie ... Full text Link to item Cite

Health and Human Rights in Karen State, Eastern Myanmar.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2015 BACKGROUND: Decades of conflict in eastern Myanmar have resulted in high prevalence of human rights violations and poor health outcomes. While recent ceasefire agreements have reduced conflict in this area, it is unknown whether this has resulted in concom ... Full text Link to item Cite

'If you have children, you have responsibilities': motherhood, sex work and HIV in southern Tanzania.

Journal Article Cult Health Sex · 2015 Many female sex workers begin sex work as mothers, or because they are mothers, and others seek childbearing. Motherhood may influence women's livelihoods as sex workers and their subsequent HIV risks. We used qualitative research methods (30 in-depth inte ... Full text Link to item Cite

HIV risks among injecting and non-injecting female partners of men who inject drugs in Almaty, Kazakhstan: implications for HIV prevention, research, and policy.

Journal Article Int J Drug Policy · November 2014 BACKGROUND: Kazakhstan and other countries in Central Asia are experiencing a rapidly growing HIV epidemic, which has historically been driven by injection drug use, but is more recently being fueled by heterosexual transmission. METHODS: This paper examin ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sibanye Methods for Prevention Packages Program Project Protocol: Pilot Study of HIV Prevention Interventions for Men Who Have Sex With Men in South Africa.

Journal Article JMIR Res Protoc · October 16, 2014 BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention intervention programs and related research for men who have sex with men (MSM) in the southern African region remain limited, despite the emergence of a severe epidemic among this group. With a lack ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of a couple-based intervention to reduce risks for HIV, HCV, and STIs among drug-involved heterosexual couples in Kazakhstan: a randomized controlled trial.

Journal Article J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr · October 1, 2014 OBJECTIVE: Project Renaissance is a randomized controlled trial of an HIV/hepatitis C virus (HCV)/sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevention intervention conducted in Almaty, Kazakhstan. We hypothesized that couples assigned to the intervention of int ... Full text Link to item Cite

Stochastic variation in network epidemic models: implications for the design of community level HIV prevention trials.

Journal Article Stat Med · September 28, 2014 Important sources of variation in the spread of HIV in communities arise from overlapping sexual networks and heterogeneity in biological and behavioral risk factors in populations. These sources of variation are not routinely accounted for in the design o ... Full text Link to item Cite

Enhancing benefits or increasing harms: community responses for HIV among men who have sex with men, transgender women, female sex workers, and people who inject drugs.

Journal Article J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr · August 15, 2014 Studies completed over the past 15 years have consistently demonstrated the importance of community-level determinants in potentiating or mitigating risks for the acquisition and transmission of HIV. Structural determinants are especially important in medi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Systematic review and meta-analysis of HIV prevalence among men in militaries in low income and middle income countries.

Journal Article Sex Transm Infect · August 2014 OBJECTIVES: To determine whether the current HIV prevalence in militaries of low-income and middle-income countries is higher, the same, or lower than the HIV prevalence in the adult male population of those countries. METHODS: HIV prevalence data from low ... Full text Link to item Cite

A qualitative assessment of health seeking practices among and provision practices for men who have sex with men in Malawi

Journal Article BMC International Health and Human Rights · June 3, 2014 Background: In the context of a generalized epidemic and criminalization of homosexuality, men who have sex with men (MSM) in Malawi have a disproportionate burden of HIV compared to other adults. Past research has documented low uptake of HIV prevention a ... Full text Cite

Pushback: the current wave of anti-homosexuality laws and impacts on health.

Journal Article PLoS Med · June 2014 Chris Beyrer discusses the worrying global trend towards the increasing criminalization of homosexuality. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary ... Full text Link to item Cite

The role of viral introductions in sustaining community-based HIV epidemics in rural Uganda: evidence from spatial clustering, phylogenetics, and egocentric transmission models.

Journal Article PLoS Med · March 2014 BACKGROUND: It is often assumed that local sexual networks play a dominant role in HIV spread in sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of this study was to determine the extent to which continued HIV transmission in rural communities--home to two-thirds of the Afric ... Full text Link to item Cite

Female sex workers in three cities in Russia: HIV prevalence, risk factors and experience with targeted HIV prevention.

Journal Article AIDS Behav · March 2014 Within Eastern Europe/Central Asia's expanding HIV epidemic, relatively little is known about female sex workers (FSWs). Using mixed methods, we report on sex work context, HIV prevalence and contextual risk factors, and exposure to FSW-targeted prevention ... Full text Link to item Cite

A call to action for concentrated HIV epidemics.

Journal Article Curr Opin HIV AIDS · March 2014 Full text Link to item Cite

Strategies to manage the HIV epidemic in gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men.

Journal Article Curr Opin Infect Dis · February 2014 PURPOSE OF REVIEW: HIV epidemic spread continues among gay, bisexual, and other MSM globally in 2013. These epidemics are occurring in rapidly shifting contexts among these men, which have important impacts on HIV spread, HIV programs, access to services a ... Full text Link to item Cite

NIMH Project Accept (HPTN 043): results from in-depth interviews with a longitudinal cohort of community members.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2014 INTRODUCTION: NIMH Project Accept (HPTN 043) is a community- randomized trial to test the safety and efficacy of a community-level intervention designed to increase testing and lower HIV incidence in Tanzania, Zimbabwe, South Africa and Thailand. The evalu ... Full text Link to item Cite

In memoriam: Joep Lange MD, PhD.

Journal Article J Int AIDS Soc · 2014 Full text Link to item Cite

Combination HIV prevention among MSM in South Africa: results from agent-based modeling.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2014 HIV prevention trials have demonstrated the effectiveness of a number of behavioral and biomedical interventions. HIV prevention packages are combinations of interventions and offer potential to significantly increase the effectiveness of any single interv ... Full text Link to item Cite

Maximizing the benefits of antiretroviral therapy for key affected populations.

Journal Article J Int AIDS Soc · 2014 INTRODUCTION: Scientific research has demonstrated the clinical benefits of earlier initiation of antiretroviral treatment (ART), and that ART can markedly reduce HIV transmission to sexual partners. Ensuring universal access to ART for those who need it h ... Full text Link to item Cite

The global battle for sexual rights.

Journal Article J Int AIDS Soc · 2014 Full text Link to item Cite

Epidemic impacts of a community empowerment intervention for HIV prevention among female sex workers in generalized and concentrated epidemics.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2014 INTRODUCTION: Sex workers have endured a high burden of HIV infection in and across HIV epidemics. A comprehensive, community empowerment-based HIV prevention intervention emphasizes sex worker organization and mobilization to address HIV risk and often in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Revitalizing the HIV response in Pakistan: a systematic review and policy implications.

Journal Article Int J Drug Policy · January 2014 BACKGROUND: We sought to describe the epidemiology of HIV in Pakistan and prioritize interventions to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the response to HIV. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review of the epidemiology of HIV in Pakistan. Data so ... Full text Link to item Cite

What has been achieved in HIV prevention, treatment and care for people who inject drugs, 2010-2012? A review of the six highest burden countries.

Journal Article Int J Drug Policy · January 2014 OBJECTIVE: In 2010 the international HIV/AIDS community called on countries to take action to prevent HIV transmission among people who inject drugs (PWID). To set a baseline we proposed an "accountability matrix", focusing upon six countries accounting fo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sexual practices, identities and health among women who have sex with women in Lesotho - a mixed-methods study.

Journal Article Cult Health Sex · 2014 Despite the high prevalence of HIV and STIs among women in Africa and the growing literature on HIV and STIs among women who have sex with women, research on the sexual health of women who have sex with women in Africa is scant. This study used mixed metho ... Full text Link to item Cite

Social and structural risks for HIV among migrant and immigrant men who have sex with men in Moscow, Russia: implications for prevention.

Journal Article AIDS Care · 2014 Moscow has a large population of immigrants and migrants from across the Former Soviet Union. Little is studied about men who have sex with men (MSM) within these groups. Qualitative research methods were used to explore identities, practices, and factors ... Full text Link to item Cite

HIV now: why human rights matter more than ever.

Journal Article J Int AIDS Soc · December 10, 2013 Full text Link to item Cite

A pilot cohort study to assess the feasibility of HIV prevention science research among men who have sex with men in Dakar, Senegal.

Journal Article J Int AIDS Soc · December 2, 2013 INTRODUCTION: Men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately burdened by HIV in Senegal, across sub-Saharan Africa and throughout the world. This is driven in part by stigma, and limits health achievements and social capital among these populations ... Full text Link to item Cite

HIV among men who have sex with men in Malawi: elucidating HIV prevalence and correlates of infection to inform HIV prevention.

Journal Article J Int AIDS Soc · December 2, 2013 INTRODUCTION: There are limited data characterizing the burden of HIV among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Malawi. Epidemiologic research and access to HIV prevention, treatment and care services have been traditionally limited in Malawi by criminaliza ... Full text Link to item Cite

Country ownership and the turning point for HIV/AIDS.

Journal Article Lancet Glob Health · December 2013 Full text Link to item Cite

The increase in global HIV epidemics in MSM.

Journal Article AIDS · November 13, 2013 Epidemics of HIV in MSM continue to expand in most low, middle, and upper income countries in 2013 and rates of new infection have been consistently high among young MSM. Current prevention and treatment strategies are insufficient for this next wave of HI ... Full text Link to item Cite

The HIV epidemic and human rights violations in Brazil.

Journal Article J Int AIDS Soc · November 12, 2013 Full text Link to item Cite

Uncovering the epidemic of HIV among men who have sex with men in Central Asia.

Journal Article Drug Alcohol Depend · November 2013 BACKGROUND: Research among people who inject drugs (PWID) in Central Asia has described same sex behavior among male PWID and may be associated with HIV and other infections. Little is known about the population of men who have sex with men (MSM) and the b ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sampling bias in transgender studies--authors' reply.

Journal Article Lancet Infect Dis · October 2013 Full text Link to item Cite

HIV among injection drug users and their intimate partners in Almaty, Kazakhstan.

Journal Article AIDS Behav · September 2013 This paper examines prevalence rates of HIV, HCV, and syphilis among a sample of injecting drug users (IDUs) and their heterosexual intimate partners (N = 728) from Almaty, Kazakhstan. The study uses baseline data from Project Renaissance, a couple-based H ... Full text Link to item Cite

The changing epidemiology of HIV in 2013.

Journal Article Curr Opin HIV AIDS · July 2013 PURPOSE OF REVIEW: We sought to review the recent epidemiology of HIV-1 and to identify emerging challenges in HIV surveillance and epidemic control. RECENT FINDINGS: There is increasing evidence that HIV epidemics are in decline among general populations ... Full text Link to item Cite

Overcoming biological, behavioral, and structural vulnerabilities: new directions in research to decrease HIV transmission in men who have sex with men.

Journal Article J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr · July 2013 Men who have sex with men (MSM), including transgender women, comprise a heterogeneous group of individuals whose sexual behaviors and gender identities may vary widely between cultures and among individuals. Their sources of increased vulnerability to HIV ... Full text Link to item Cite

Modified social ecological model: a tool to guide the assessment of the risks and risk contexts of HIV epidemics.

Journal Article BMC Public Health · May 17, 2013 BACKGROUND: Social and structural factors are now well accepted as determinants of HIV vulnerabilities. These factors are representative of social, economic, organizational and political inequities. Associated with an improved understanding of multiple lev ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assessing priorities for combination HIV prevention research for men who have sex with men (MSM) in Africa.

Journal Article AIDS Behav · May 2013 A consultation was hosted in South Africa (March 2011) to assess the combination HIV prevention research priorities of academics, implementers and MSM community leaders. Sixty-nine participants, representing 17 African countries, participated. Interactive ... Full text Link to item Cite

Examining the evidence on the causal effect of HAART on transmission of HIV using the Bradford Hill criteria.

Journal Article AIDS · April 24, 2013 In recent years, evidence has accumulated regarding the ability of HAART to prevent HIV transmission. Early supportive evidence was derived from observational, ecological and population-based studies. More recently, a randomized clinical trial showed that ... Full text Link to item Cite

Immuno-virologic outcomes and immuno-virologic discordance among adults alive and on anti-retroviral therapy at 12 months in Nigeria.

Journal Article BMC Infect Dis · March 1, 2013 BACKGROUND: Predictors of immuno-virologic outcomes and discordance and their associations with clinical, demographic, socio-economic and behavioral risk factors are not well described in Nigeria since HIV viral load testing is not routinely offered in pub ... Full text Link to item Cite

Worldwide burden of HIV in transgender women: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Journal Article Lancet Infect Dis · March 2013 BACKGROUND: Previous systematic reviews have identified a high prevalence of HIV infection in transgender women in the USA and in those who sell sex (compared with both female and male sex workers). However, little is known about the burden of HIV infectio ... Full text Link to item Cite

Estimating the impact of reducing violence against female sex workers on HIV epidemics in Kenya and Ukraine: a policy modeling exercise.

Journal Article Am J Reprod Immunol · February 2013 PROBLEM: Female sex workers (FSWs) worldwide suffer disproportionate burdens of HIV and gender-based violence. Despite evidence linking these threats, little is known about the potential HIV epidemic impact of reducing abuse. METHOD OF STUDY: The Goals mod ... Full text Link to item Cite

Acceptability of pre-exposure prophylaxis among men who have sex with men and transgender women in Northern Thailand.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2013 BACKGROUND: Northern Thailand has a high burden HIV epidemic among MSM and TG. Oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with tenofovir-emtricitabine has demonstrated efficacy in preventing HIV among MSM and TG in Chiang Mai, Thailand. Determinants of PrEP acce ... Full text Link to item Cite

Modelling the impact of HIV prevention and treatment for men who have sex with men on HIV epidemic trajectories in low- and middle-income countries.

Journal Article Int J STD AIDS · January 2013 Little is known about the impact of combination HIV prevention interventions for men who have sex with men (MSM) and the impacts on the wider epidemics. Modelling analyses of MSM-specific interventions across varied HIV epidemics may inform evidence-based ... Full text Link to item Cite

Induced abortion, contraceptive use, and dual protection among female sex workers in Moscow, Russia.

Journal Article Int J Gynaecol Obstet · January 2013 OBJECTIVE: To describe abortion history and current contraceptive use among female sex workers (FSWs) in Moscow, Russia. METHODS: A clinic-based survey was conducted among 147 FSWs in Moscow during an 8-month period in 2005. RESULTS: In total, 83 of 143 (5 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Social environment and HIV risk among MSM in Hanoi and Thai Nguyen.

Journal Article AIDS Care · 2013 Little is known about the effect of the social environment on HIV risk in gay men in northern Vietnam, particularly in rural areas. This qualitative research study conducted 4 key informant interviews and 30 in-depth interviews of men in two northern Vietn ... Full text Link to item Cite

Associations of consistent condom use among men who have sex with men in Abuja, Nigeria.

Journal Article AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses · December 2012 The objective of the study was to characterize factors associated with consistent condom use among men who had sex with men (MSM) in Abuja, Nigeria. A convenience sample consisting of 297 MSM was recruited during 2008 using a combination of peer referral a ... Full text Link to item Cite

The potential uses of preexposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention among people who inject drugs.

Journal Article Curr Opin HIV AIDS · November 2012 PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Oral preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has shown HIV preventive efficacy for several key populations at risk for HIV infection including MSM and heterosexual men and women in HIV serodiscordant relationships. An efficacy trial of daily oral ... Full text Link to item Cite

Molecular surveillance for drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum in clinical and subclinical populations from three border regions of Burma/Myanmar: cross-sectional data and a systematic review of resistance studies.

Journal Article Malar J · September 19, 2012 BACKGROUND: Confirmation of artemisinin-delayed parasite clearance in Plasmodium falciparum along the Thai-Myanmar border has inspired a global response to contain and monitor drug resistance to avert the disastrous consequences of a potential spread to Af ... Full text Link to item Cite

The beginning of the end of AIDS?

Journal Article N Engl J Med · August 23, 2012 Full text Link to item Cite

PEPFAR's evolving HIV prevention approaches for key populations--people who inject drugs, men who have sex with men, and sex workers: progress, challenges, and opportunities.

Journal Article J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr · August 15, 2012 In most countries, the burden of HIV among people who inject drugs, men who have sex with men, and sex workers is disproportionately high compared with that in the general population. Meanwhile, coverage rates of effective interventions among those key pop ... Full text Link to item Cite

Behavioral and biomedical combination strategies for HIV prevention.

Journal Article Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med · August 1, 2012 Around 2.5 million people become infected with HIV each year. This extraordinary toll on human life and public health worldwide will only be reversed with effective prevention. What's more, in the next few years, it is likely at least, that no single preve ... Full text Link to item Cite

Risks for HIV infection among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men in Moscow and St. Petersburg, Russia.

Journal Article AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses · August 2012 The majority of early cases of HIV in Russia were among men who have sex with men (MSM). Despite this and the current resurgence of HIV among MSM globally, little systematic work has been done to assess current HIV risks. We conducted a rapid assessment of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Global epidemiology of HIV infection in men who have sex with men.

Journal Article Lancet · July 28, 2012 Epidemics of HIV in men who have sex with men (MSM) continue to expand in most countries. We sought to understand the epidemiological drivers of the global epidemic in MSM and why it continues unabated. We did a comprehensive review of available data for H ... Full text Link to item Cite

From personal survival to public health: community leadership by men who have sex with men in the response to HIV.

Journal Article Lancet · July 28, 2012 Community leadership and participation by gay men and men who have sex with men (MSM) have been central to the response to HIV since the beginning of the epidemic. Through a wide array of actions, engagement of MSM has been important in the protection of c ... Full text Link to item Cite

A call to action for comprehensive HIV services for men who have sex with men.

Journal Article Lancet · July 28, 2012 Where surveillance has been done, it has shown that men (MSM) who have sex with men bear a disproportionate burden of HIV. Yet they continue to be excluded, sometimes systematically, from HIV services because of stigma, discrimination, and criminalisation. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Afterword: Police, policing, and HIV: New partnerships and paradigms

Journal Article Harm Reduction Journal · July 9, 2012 Full text Cite

Burden of HIV among female sex workers in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Journal Article Lancet Infect Dis · July 2012 BACKGROUND: Female sex workers are a population who are at heightened risk of HIV infection secondary to biological, behavioural, and structural risk factors. However, three decades into the HIV pandemic, understanding of the burden of HIV among these wome ... Full text Link to item Cite

Key harm reduction interventions and their impact on the reduction of risky behavior and HIV incidence among people who inject drugs in low-income and middle-income countries.

Journal Article Curr Opin HIV AIDS · July 2012 PURPOSE OF REVIEW: HIV infection rates continue to rise among people who inject drugs (PWID) in many lower- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Although progress is being made in prevention and care for PWID in some settings, coverage of essential service ... Full text Link to item Cite

Injection drug use, sexual risk, violence and STI/HIV among Moscow female sex workers.

Journal Article Sex Transm Infect · June 2012 BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The HIV prevalence in Eastern Europe and Central Asia continues to increase. While injection drug use (IDU) is leading factor, heterosexual transmission is on the rise. Little is known about female sex workers (FSWs) in the region de ... Full text Link to item Cite

Engaging men in prevention and care for HIV/AIDS in Africa.

Journal Article PLoS Med · February 2012 Ed Mills and colleagues argue that a more balanced approach to gender is needed so that both men and women are involved in HIV treatment and prevention. ... Full text Link to item Cite

LGBT Africa: a social justice movement emerges in the era of HIV.

Journal Article SAHARA J · 2012 LGBT communities are emerging across Africa in 2012. Many are emerging in the context of the continents severe HIV epidemic. Homophobia is a barrier to social acceptance and to health and other social services, but African communities are showing reliance ... Full text Link to item Cite

Human rights research and ethics review: protecting individuals or protecting the state?

Journal Article PLoS Med · 2012 Joseph Amon and colleagues discuss the challenges of conducting human rights research in settings where local research ethics committees may favor the interests of the state over the interests of research participants. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assessing the effects of anti-homosexuality legislation in Uganda on HIV prevention, treatment, and care services.

Journal Article SAHARA J · 2012 Uganda's response to the HIV epidemic has been lauded for its robustness and achievements. However, a key component of HIV prevention programming has been missing, for men who have sex with men (MSM). The main reason cited has been criminalization of male ... Full text Link to item Cite

The highest attainable standard of evidence (HASTE) for HIV/AIDS interventions: toward a public health approach to defining evidence.

Journal Article Public Health Rep · 2012 OBJECTIVES: Evidence-driven decisions have become a standard for health interventions, policy, and programs. While randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are encouraged for public health interventions, there are limitations with RCTs as the gold standard of e ... Full text Link to item Cite

Risk factors for HIV and unprotected anal intercourse among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Almaty, Kazakhstan.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2012 INTRODUCTION: Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at high risk for HIV infection. MSM in Central Asia, however, are not adequately studied to assess their risk of HIV transmission. METHODS: This study used respondent driven sampling methods to recruit 400 ... Full text Link to item Cite

ACT UP!: A history in film

Journal Article The Lancet · January 1, 2012 Full text Cite

HIV-related stigma, isolation, discrimination, and serostatus disclosure: a global survey of 2035 HIV-infected adults.

Journal Article J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care (Chic) · 2012 BACKGROUND: Little is known globally about the perspectives of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) on perceived HIV-related stigma and its consequences. METHODS: Cross-sectional study (January-March 2010) of perceived HIV-related stigma among PLWHA (N = 20 ... Full text Link to item Cite

HIV risk and associations of HIV infection among men who have sex with men in peri-urban Cape Town, South Africa.

Journal Article BMC Public Health · October 5, 2011 BACKGROUND: The HIV epidemic in Sub Saharan Africa has been traditionally assumed to be driven by high risk heterosexual and vertical transmission. However, there is an increasing body of data highlighting the disproportionate burden of HIV infection among ... Full text Link to item Cite

Stigma, health care access, and HIV knowledge among men who have sex with men in Malawi, Namibia, and Botswana.

Journal Article AIDS Behav · August 2011 Same-sex practices are stigmatized in much of sub-Saharan Africa. Cross-sectional relationships between discrimination, access to and use of health care services, and HIV knowledge among men who have sex with men (MSM) were assessed in Malawi, Namibia, and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Expanding the space: inclusion of most-at-risk populations in HIV prevention, treatment, and care services.

Journal Article J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr · August 2011 The provision of appropriate HIV prevention, treatment, and care services for most-at-risk populations (MARP) will challenge many health care systems. For people who sell sex or inject drugs and for men who have sex with men, stigma, discrimination, and cr ... Full text Link to item Cite

A cross-sectional assessment of population demographics, HIV risks and human rights contexts among men who have sex with men in Lesotho.

Journal Article J Int AIDS Soc · July 4, 2011 BACKGROUND: Evidence is increasing of high HIV risks among southern African men who have sex with men (MSM). This represents the first study of HIV risks and human rights contexts among MSM in Lesotho. METHODS: Two hundred and fifty-two men who reported ev ... Full text Link to item Cite

Socio-demographic and drug use factors associated with HIV-1 recombinants and dual infections in Northern Thai drug users: associations of risk with genetic complexity.

Journal Article Drug Alcohol Depend · July 1, 2011 BACKGROUND: Dual infection with diverse HIV strains can foster the emergence of recombinants. The resulting increase in viral genetic diversity is a major challenge for vaccine development HIV treatment. In this study we aim to investigate the socio demogr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Quantitative and qualitative correlates of cervicovaginal herpes simplex virus type 2 shedding among HIV-infected women in the Women's Interagency HIV Study.

Journal Article Int J STD AIDS · May 2011 We identified demographic, clinical and biological determinants of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) shedding among HIV-infected participants in the Women's HIV Interagency Study (WIHS). Cervicovaginal lavage (CVL) specimens from 369 HIV-infected HSV ser ... Full text Link to item Cite

Safe injection facilities save lives.

Journal Article Lancet · April 23, 2011 Full text Link to item Cite

Human rights abuses and suicidal ideation among male injecting drug users in Delhi, India.

Journal Article Int J Drug Policy · March 2011 BACKGROUND: Human rights abuses, denial of care, police surveillance, and violence directed at IDUs have been found to impact HIV prevention efforts due to decreased attendance in harm reduction programs. The association of mental health status with rights ... Full text Link to item Cite

Health and human rights in Chin State, Western Burma: a population-based assessment using multistaged household cluster sampling.

Journal Article PLoS Med · February 8, 2011 BACKGROUND: The Chin State of Burma (also known as Myanmar) is an isolated ethnic minority area with poor health outcomes and reports of food insecurity and human rights violations. We report on a population-based assessment of health and human rights in C ... Full text Link to item Cite

Taking a stand in Burma

Journal Article The Lancet · January 29, 2011 Full text Cite

The Golden Crescent and HIV/AIDS in Central Asia: deadly interactions.

Journal Article Glob Public Health · 2011 Afghanistan has become the world's largest producer of illicit opiates. Opium and its derivative heroin are widespread substances of use, abuse and dependency in Central Asia. The region is currently undergoing expanding HIV epidemics driven largely by nee ... Full text Link to item Cite

HIV risk among MSM in Senegal: a qualitative rapid assessment of the impact of enforcing laws that criminalize same sex practices.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2011 Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at high risk for HIV in Senegal, with a prevalence of 21.5%. In December 2008, nine male HIV prevention workers were imprisoned for "acts against nature" prohibited by Senegalese law. This qualitative study assessed the ... Full text Link to item Cite

A requiem for the fallen from the early days of AIDS

Journal Article The Lancet · January 1, 2011 Full text Cite

HIV incidence, risk factors, and motivation for biomedical intervention among gay, bisexual men, and transgender persons in Northern Thailand.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2011 BACKGROUND: HIV prevalence among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender (TG) persons is high and increasing in Chiang Mai, northern Thailand. OBJECTIVES: To describe demographic, socioeconomic, sexual behavior and interest in future HIV prevention ... Full text Link to item Cite

Community-based assessment of human rights in a complex humanitarian emergency: The Emergency Assistance Teams-Burma and Cyclone Nargis

Journal Article Conflict and Health · December 1, 2010 Introduction. Cyclone Nargis hit Burma on May 2, 2008, killing over 138,000 and affecting at least 2.4 million people. The Burmese military junta, the State Peace and Development Council (SPDC), initially blocked international aid to storm victims, forcing ... Full text Cite

RecDraw: a software package for the representation of HIV-1 recombinant structures.

Journal Article AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses · December 2010 The crucial role of recombination in HIV-1 biology is being increasingly recognized. In vitro studies have shown that up to 30 strand-transfer events may occur per viral replication cycle. Thus, recombination may surpass mutation as a major mechanism drivi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Epidemiologic links between drug use and HIV epidemics: an international perspective.

Journal Article J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr · December 2010 Injecting use of heroin has been the highest risk substance use behavior for HIV since the beginning of the pandemic. These risks extend beyond individual levels to networks of drugs users and to wider social contexts that have been referred to collectivel ... Full text Link to item Cite

Genital herpes evaluation by quantitative TaqMan PCR: correlating single detection and quantity of HSV-2 DNA in cervicovaginal lavage fluids with cross-sectional and longitudinal clinical data.

Journal Article Virol J · November 18, 2010 OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the utility of a single quantitative PCR (qPCR) measurement of HSV (HSV-1&2) DNA in cervicovaginal lavage (CVL) specimens collected from women with predominantly chronic HSV-2 infection in assessing genital HSV shedding and the clini ... Full text Link to item Cite

Time to act: a call for comprehensive responses to HIV in people who use drugs.

Journal Article Lancet · August 14, 2010 The published work on HIV in people who use drugs shows that the global burden of HIV infection in this group can be reduced. Concerted action by governments, multilateral organisations, health systems, and individuals could lead to enormous benefits for f ... Full text Link to item Cite

People who use drugs, HIV, and human rights.

Journal Article Lancet · August 7, 2010 We reviewed evidence from more than 900 studies and reports on the link between human rights abuses experienced by people who use drugs and vulnerability to HIV infection and access to services. Published work documents widespread abuses of human rights, w ... Full text Link to item Cite

Impact of community-based maternal health workers on coverage of essential maternal health interventions among internally displaced communities in eastern Burma: the MOM project.

Journal Article PLoS Med · August 3, 2010 BACKGROUND: Access to essential maternal and reproductive health care is poor throughout Burma, but is particularly lacking among internally displaced communities in the eastern border regions. In such settings, innovative strategies for accessing vulnerab ... Full text Link to item Cite

Bisexual concurrency, bisexual partnerships, and HIV among Southern African men who have sex with men.

Journal Article Sex Transm Infect · August 2010 OBJECTIVES: The sexual behaviour of men who have sex with men (MSM) in southern Africa has been little studied. We present here the first data on bisexual partnerships and bisexual concurrency among MSM in Malawi, Namibia and Botswana. METHODS: A cross-sec ... Full text Link to item Cite

Visioning services for children affected by HIV and AIDS through a family lens.

Journal Article J Int AIDS Soc · June 23, 2010 The HIV epidemic continues to place a great burden on children, from loss of parents and income to severe disruptions of their homes and families. Underpinned by the understanding that a healthy family constitutes the foundation for a child's wellbeing, th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Health and historical levels of freedom

Journal Article Globalization and Health · May 29, 2010 Background: The link between political freedom and health is unclear. We aimed to determine the association by exploring the relationship of historical and cumulative freedom levels with important health outcomes.Methods: We obtained countrywide health ind ... Full text Cite

Global prevention of HIV infection for neglected populations: men who have sex with men.

Journal Article Clin Infect Dis · May 15, 2010 The global epidemiology of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among men who have sex with men (MSM) suggests both reemergent spread among men in resource-sufficient countries since 2000 and emerging epidemics among MSM in resource-limited countri ... Full text Link to item Cite

HIV prevalence, sexual and behavioral correlates among Shan, Hill tribe, and Thai male sex workers in Northern Thailand.

Journal Article AIDS Care · May 2010 This paper reports demographic characteristics, HIV prevalence, and correlates among male sex workers (MSW) in Chiangmai, Thailand. A behavioral assessment survey was included as part of the Thailand Ministry of Public Health HIV sentinel surveillance cond ... Full text Link to item Cite

Clinical reactivations of herpes simplex virus type 2 infection and human immunodeficiency virus disease progression markers.

Journal Article PLoS One · April 1, 2010 BACKGROUND: The natural history of HSV-2 infection and role of HSV-2 reactivations in HIV disease progression are unclear. METHODS: Clinical symptoms of active HSV-2 infection were used to classify 1,938 HIV/HSV-2 co-infected participants of the Women's In ... Full text Link to item Cite

Biomedical prevention: What is the current status?

Journal Article Asian Biomedicine · January 1, 2010 Biomedical HIV prevention strategies for primary or secondary prevention of HIV transmission can be seen as an adjunct to behavioral prevention approaches. These interventions include vaccination, female controlled vaginal microbicides, male circumcision, ... Full text Cite

Male sex workers in Moscow, Russia: a pilot study of demographics, substance use patterns, and prevalence of HIV-1 and sexually transmitted infections.

Journal Article AIDS Care · January 2010 The Russian federation has been undergoing a concentrated epidemic of HIV-1 with high rates of infection among injecting drug users. Less is known about the relative risk and contribution to the country's HIV epidemic by other at-risk populations including ... Full text Link to item Cite

The expanding epidemics of HIV type 1 among men who have sex with men in low- and middle-income countries: diversity and consistency.

Journal Article Epidemiol Rev · 2010 Men who have sex with men (MSM) have borne a disproportionate burden of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and remain a markedly underresourced population globally. To better describe HIV epidemics among MSM in low- and middle-income countries, t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Harm reduction, human rights and public health

Chapter · December 1, 2009 Despite vigorous efforts on the part of the international community, and an unprecedented level of research across an enormous variety of fields, HIV/AIDS has become the most severe infectious disease epidemic of modern times. HIV spread is either accelera ... Full text Cite

Purposeful learning with drug repurposing.

Journal Article Science · September 11, 2009 Full text Link to item Cite

Characterization of the emerging HIV type 1 and HCV epidemics among injecting drug users in Dushanbe, Tajikistan.

Journal Article AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses · September 2009 This study aimed to determine HIV, HCV, and syphilis prevalence and correlates, and to characterize the molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 among injecting drug users (IDUs) in Dushanbe, Tajikistan. A cross-sectional study assessing risk factors for HIV and HC ... Full text Link to item Cite

Community-based delivery of maternal care in conflict-affected areas of eastern Burma: perspectives from lay maternal health workers.

Journal Article Soc Sci Med · April 2009 In settings where active conflict, resource scarcity, and logistical constraints prevail, provision of maternal health services within health centers and hospitals is unfeasible and alternative community-based strategies are needed. In eastern Burma, such ... Full text Link to item Cite

HIV prevalence, risks for HIV infection, and human rights among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Malawi, Namibia, and Botswana.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2009 BACKGROUND: In the generalized epidemics of HIV in southern Sub-Saharan Africa, men who have sex with men have been largely excluded from HIV surveillance and research. Epidemiologic data for MSM in southern Africa are among the sparsest globally, and HIV ... Full text Link to item Cite

Access to essential maternal health interventions and human rights violations among vulnerable communities in eastern Burma.

Journal Article PLoS Med · December 23, 2008 BACKGROUND: Health indicators are poor and human rights violations are widespread in eastern Burma. Reproductive and maternal health indicators have not been measured in this setting but are necessary as part of an evaluation of a multi-ethnic pilot projec ... Full text Link to item Cite

Epidemiology of HIV/AIDS in low and middle income countries: Where global AIDS is and where it is going

Chapter · December 1, 2008 As of December 2007, UNAIDS estimated that the number of people living with HIV in 2007 was 33.2 million, including some 30.8 million adults, half of whom were women, and 2.5 million children under the age of 15 years (UNAIDS, 2007) (Figures 1.1-1.4). © Sp ... Full text Cite

HIV/AIDS prevention, treatment and care: Present status, future needs and some possible solutions

Chapter · December 1, 2008 At the close of 2006, according to UNAIDS (2007) 33.2 million persons were estimated to be living with HIV, with 2.5 million new infections and 2.1 million deaths being registered that year (see Figure 32.1 for global AIDS death regional data). These numbe ... Full text Cite

HIV AIDS in Burma: Public health constrained

Chapter · December 1, 2008 Burma's [Myanmar] HIV/AIDS epidemic (Beyrer et al. 2006a) has been relatively similar to its Southeast Asian neighbors, Thailand, Cambodia and Vietnam. Much less is known about HIV/AIDS in Burma, however, compared to the other relatively well-studied outbr ... Full text Cite

Public health aspects of HIV/AIDS in low and middle income countries: Epidemiology, prevention and care

Book · December 1, 2008 Public Health Aspects of HIV/AIDS in Low and Middle Income Countries Epidemiology, Prevention, and Care Edited by David D. Celentano and Chris Beyrer, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Over the last 25 years, HIV/AIDS has become the world's l ... Full text Cite

The international drug epidemic

Chapter · December 1, 2008 The injection of medications and the development of intravenous infusions have saved countless lives since these tools of modern medicine were developed. Injection as a route of drug administration provides some obvious advantages to medicine: doses can be ... Full text Cite

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection rates and heroin trafficking: Fearful symmetries

Chapter · December 1, 2008 There is mounting evidence that the spread of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is associated with heroin trafficking routes. The relationship between the two is best illustrated by the routes leading from the two primary regions for the illicit opium ... Full text Cite

The HIV/AIDS epidemics of Africa

Chapter · December 1, 2008 The global pandemic of HIV-1 began in Africa, perhaps as many as 75 years ago, in a complex series of species cross-overs involving the original old world monkey hosts of this class of viruses, and subsequently our closest relatives, the Chimpanzees, and t ... Full text Cite

Sex between men in the context of HIV: The AIDS 2008 Jonathan Mann Memorial Lecture in health and human rights

Journal Article Journal of the International AIDS Society · September 1, 2008 Gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM) have been among the most affected populations by HIV since the AIDS pandemic was first identified in the 1980s. Evidence from a wide range of studies show that these men remain at the highest risk fo ... Full text Cite

The HVTN protocol 903 vaccine preparedness study: lessons learned in preparation for HIV vaccine efficacy trials.

Journal Article J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr · May 1, 2008 Successful recruitment and retention of HIV-uninfected at-risk participants are essential for HIV vaccine efficacy trials. A multicountry vaccine preparedness study was started in 2003 to assess enrollment and retention of HIV-negative high-risk participan ... Full text Link to item Cite

The MOM Project: delivering maternal health services among internally displaced populations in eastern Burma.

Journal Article Reprod Health Matters · May 2008 Alternative strategies to increase access to reproductive health services among internally displaced populations are urgently needed. In eastern Burma, continuing conflict and lack of functioning health systems render the emphasis on facility-based deliver ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comparison of methods to detect recent HIV type 1 infection in cross-sectionally collected specimens from a cohort of female sex workers in the Dominican Republic.

Journal Article AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses · December 2007 Interest in estimating HIV-1 incidence using specimens obtained as part of cross-sectional surveys has led to the development of new methods to detect recent HIV-1 infection through the testing of a single anti-HIV-positive specimen. These assays are based ... Full text Link to item Cite

Elevated risk for HIV infection among men who have sex with men in low- and middle-income countries 2000-2006: a systematic review.

Journal Article PLoS Med · December 2007 BACKGROUND: Recent reports of high HIV infection rates among men who have sex with men (MSM) from Asia, Africa, Latin America, and the former Soviet Union (FSU) suggest high levels of HIV transmission among MSM in low- and middle-income countries. To inves ... Full text Link to item Cite

Increasing access to HIV testing and counselling while respecting human rights.

Journal Article HIV AIDS Policy Law Rev · December 2007 Two days after the World Health Organization (WHO) and UNAIDS released the final version of their Guidance on Provider-initiated Testing and Counselling in Health Facilities (""he Guidelines"), OSI's Public Health Program issued an updated version of its p ... Link to item Cite

The feasibility of HIV vaccine efficacy trials among Russian injection drug users.

Journal Article Vaccine · October 10, 2007 IDU exposure remains a primary driver of the Russian HIV epidemic, and recent incidence data provide little evidence that this epidemic is slowing. While there are multiple important challenges that need to be further explored before starting vaccine trial ... Full text Link to item Cite

Population-based survey methods to quantify associations between human rights violations and health outcomes among internally displaced persons in eastern Burma.

Journal Article J Epidemiol Community Health · October 2007 BACKGROUND: Case reports of human rights violations have focused on individuals' experiences. Population-based quantification of associations between rights indicators and health outcomes is rare and has not been documented in eastern Burma. OBJECTIVE: We ... Full text Link to item Cite

The US anti-prostitution pledge: Authors' reply [2]

Journal Article PLoS Medicine · October 1, 2007 Full text Cite

Vaccine immunogenicity in injecting drug users: a systematic review.

Journal Article Lancet Infect Dis · October 2007 Injection drug use is a prevalent global phenomenon; one not bound by a country's level of development or geographical location. Injection drug users (IDUs) are at high risk for a variety of parenterally acquired and transmitted infections. Licensed vaccin ... Full text Link to item Cite

Community-based voluntary counseling and testing services in rural communities of Chiang Mai Province, Northern Thailand.

Journal Article AIDS Behav · September 2007 Between September, 2002 to May, 2003, we implemented community-based HIV Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) services in four rural areas of Chiang Mai Province. The services included providing HIV/AIDS education and free mobile VCT using rapid testing ... Full text Link to item Cite

Violations of human rights: health practitioners as witnesses.

Journal Article Lancet · August 25, 2007 For humanitarian health-care practitioners bearing witness to violations of human dignity has become synonymous with denunciations, human rights advocacy, or lobbying for political change. A strict reliance on legal interpretations of humanitarianism and h ... Full text Link to item Cite

Neglected diseases, civil conflicts, and the right to health.

Journal Article Lancet · August 18, 2007 Neglected diseases remain one of the largest causes of disease and mortality. In addition to the difficulties in provision of appropriate drugs for specific diseases, many other factors contribute to the prevalence of such diseases and the difficulties in ... Full text Link to item Cite

The US anti-prostitution pledge: First Amendment challenges and public health priorities.

Journal Article PLoS Med · July 24, 2007 In order for an HIV organization to receive funding from the United States, grantees must explicitly oppose prostitution. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Identification of CRF34_01B, a second circulating recombinant form unrelated to and more complex than CRF15_01B, among injecting drug users in northern Thailand.

Journal Article AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses · June 2007 In Thailand, the circulating HIV-1 strains include CRF01_AE, subtype B, and their recombinants. Genotyping and full-genome sequencing had previously identified circulating recombinant form CRF15_01B within a cohort of 347 HIV-1-infected individuals enrolle ... Full text Link to item Cite

HIV epidemiology update and transmission factors: risks and risk contexts--16th International AIDS Conference epidemiology plenary.

Conference Clin Infect Dis · April 1, 2007 The contexts in which the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pandemic is occurring are increasingly diverse. Individual-level risks for HIV infection are at the core of these epidemics and are powerfully impacted by social, structural, and population-level ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patterns of HIV and syphilis infection in Northern Thailand 1998-2001.

Journal Article Int J STD AIDS · March 2007 Northern Thailand has been the epicentre of a largely heterosexually transmitted HIV epidemic that has recently involved married women. In preparation for HIV-prevention trials, we investigated patterns of HIV and syphilis risk through annually measured HI ... Full text Link to item Cite

The international drug epidemic

Chapter · January 1, 2007 The injection of medications and the development of intravenous infusions have saved countless lives since these tools of modern medicine were developed. Injection as a route of drug administration provides some obvious advantages to medicine: doses can be ... Full text Cite

Novel approach for differential diagnosis of HIV infections in the face of vaccine-generated antibodies: utility for detection of diverse HIV-1 subtypes.

Journal Article J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr · November 1, 2006 Because increasing numbers of HIV vaccine candidates are being tested globally, it is essential to differentiate vaccine- from virus-induced antibodies. Most of the currently tested vaccines contain multiple viral components. As a result, many vaccine reci ... Full text Link to item Cite

Responding to AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria, and emerging infectious diseases in Burma: dilemmas of policy and practice.

Journal Article PLoS Med · October 2006 Beyrer and colleagues discuss infectious disease threats in Burma and suggest policy options for responding to them. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mortality rates in conflict zones in Karen, Karenni, and Mon states in eastern Burma.

Journal Article Trop Med Int Health · July 2006 OBJECTIVES: To estimate mortality rates for populations living in civil war zones in Karen, Karenni, and Mon states of eastern Burma. METHODS: Indigenous mobile health workers providing care in conflict zones in Karen, Karenni, and Mon areas of eastern Bur ... Full text Link to item Cite

Marked ethnic differences in HIV prevalence and risk behaviors among injection drug users in Dushanbe, Tajikistan, 2004.

Journal Article Drug Alcohol Depend · April 2006 OBJECTIVE: To examine differences by ethnicity of HIV prevalence and correlates among injection drug users (IDUs) in Dushanbe, Tajikistan. METHODS: The researchers enrolled 489 active adult IDUs in a cross-sectional risk factor study of HIV infection. Part ... Full text Link to item Cite

HIV voluntary counseling and testing and HIV incidence in male injecting drug users in northern Thailand: evidence of an urgent need for HIV prevention.

Journal Article J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr · February 1, 2006 HIV voluntary counseling and testing (VCT), an important strategy for HIV prevention and care, has been available in all government hospitals in Thailand since 1992. We assessed factors associated with HIV testing, its uptake, and estimates of HIV incidenc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Human rights abuses and vulnerability to HIV/AIDS: the experiences of Burmese women in Thailand.

Journal Article Health Hum Rights · 2006 We investigated human rights concerns related to migration, living and working conditions, and access to HIV/AIDS services and reproductive health services for Burmese women in Thailand. Vulnerability to HIV/AIDS for Burmese women stemmed from abuses they ... Link to item Cite

Introduction

Book · December 1, 2005 Full text Cite

Asia: Health Meets Human Rights

Chapter · December 1, 2005 This chapter describes several public-health and political measures that are needed to prevent an AIDS disaster in Asia. The patterns of HIV spread across Asia have differed in some important ways from those seen in Africa and the West. AIDS in Southeast A ... Full text Cite

High HIV, hepatitis C and sexual risks among drug-using men who have sex with men in northern Thailand.

Journal Article AIDS · September 23, 2005 BACKGROUND: Men who have sex with men (MSM) and who use drugs have shown high HIV risks in Europe, and the Americas. We investigated MSM-drug user demographics, HIV sexual and drug use risks and behaviors in Chiang Mai, northern Thailand to identify preven ... Full text Link to item Cite

Changes in willingness to participate in HIV vaccine trials among HIV-negative injection drug users.

Journal Article AIDS Behav · September 2005 Injection drug users (IDUs) represent an important risk group for HIV infection. We assessed correlates of IDUs' willingness to participate (WTP) in HIV vaccine trials, and examined temporal changes in WTP. Participants were enrolled in ALIVE, a prospectiv ... Full text Link to item Cite

Personal history of voluntary HIV counseling and testing (VCT) among adults aged 19-35 years living in peri-urban communities, Chiang Mai, Northern Thailand.

Journal Article AIDS Behav · June 2005 This study investigates the self-reported history of HIV voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) among adults, aged 19-35 years, in northern Thailand. Participants were interviewed about their HIV testing history and risk behavior. Overall, 47% of 2251 part ... Full text Link to item Cite

HIV infection among female drug users in Northern Thailand.

Journal Article Drug Alcohol Depend · May 9, 2005 Reports on HIV infection and risk behaviors among female drug users in developing countries, particularly in Asia, are limited. In this study, we investigated HIV prevalence and risk factors for HIV infection among 200 women admitted for 21-day inpatient d ... Full text Link to item Cite

Correlates of HIV vaccine trial participation: an Indian perspective.

Journal Article Vaccine · February 3, 2005 Successful conduct of HIV vaccine trials in a population of great cultural diversity like India could be a challenge. Concerns, knowledge gaps and willingness to participate in future HIV vaccine trials were studied among 349 patients attending three sexua ... Full text Link to item Cite

Injection prevalence and risks among male ethnic minority drug users in Northern Thailand.

Journal Article AIDS Care · January 2005 Thailand's rate of HIV due to drug use is increasing, and nearly one-half of clients at a drug treatment centre in the north are from marginalized ethnic minority groups. We describe and compare socio-demographics, drug use, and sexual practices across eth ... Full text Link to item Cite

Asia. health meets human rights.

Chapter · December 29, 2004 This chapter describes several public-health and political measures that are needed to prevent an AIDS disaster in Asia. The patterns of HIV spread across Asia have differed in some important ways from those seen in Africa and the West. AIDS in Southeast A ... Full text Cite

Introduction

Chapter · December 29, 2004 Full text Cite

Global child trafficking.

Journal Article Lancet · December 2004 Full text Link to item Cite

Methamphetamine users in northern Thailand: changing demographics and risks for HIV and STD among treatment-seeking substance abusers.

Journal Article Int J STD AIDS · October 2004 Our objective was to determine sociodemographic, sexual and drug-use-related risk factors among methamphetamine (MA) users presenting for drug treatment in northern Thailand. Patients admitted for drug detoxification for MA and other drugs were studied cro ... Full text Link to item Cite

The natural history of HIV-1 infection in young Thai men after seroconversion.

Journal Article J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr · May 1, 2004 The natural history and progression of HIV-1 infection in Thailand and other developing countries in Asia and Africa have not been well defined. Nevertheless, valid data are needed to evaluate the effects of interventions, which are designed to delay progr ... Full text Link to item Cite

The changing molecular epidemiology of HIV type 1 among northern Thai drug users, 1999 to 2002.

Journal Article AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses · May 2004 CRF01_AE and subtype B have dominated the HIV-1 epidemic in Thailand since 1989. We reported a new circulating recombinant form of HIV-1, CRF15_01B, as well as other unique CRF01_AE/B recombinants among prevalent HIV infections in Thailand. We sought to st ... Full text Link to item Cite

Is trafficking a health issue?

Journal Article Lancet · February 14, 2004 Full text Link to item Cite

HIV incidence and risk behaviours after voluntary HIV counselling and testing (VCT) among adults aged 19-35 years living in peri-urban communities around Chiang Mai city in northern Thailand, 1999.

Journal Article AIDS Care · January 2004 The Thai government began HIV voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) in all provinces in 1992. We evaluated HIV incidence after participants utilized VCT and its effect on risk behaviours among northern Thai adults aged 19-35 years. A total of 924 men and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Public health, human rights, and the beneficence of states

Journal Article Human Rights Review · December 1, 2003 Conclusions: The HIV/AIDS pandemic, now well into its third decade and spreading in states as diverse as Belarus, Ukraine, Indonesia, and Papua New Guinea, has shown us that we truly are sharing an interconnected world. As we struggle to deal with both ong ... Full text Cite

A new circulating recombinant form, CRF15_01B, reinforces the linkage between IDU and heterosexual epidemics in Thailand.

Journal Article AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses · July 2003 HIV-1 subtype B and CRF01_AE have been in circulation in Thailand and Southeast Asia for more than a decade. Initially separated by risk group, the two strains are increasingly intermixed, and two recombinant strains of essentially reciprocal structure hav ... Full text Link to item Cite

HIV prevalence and risks among injection and noninjection drug users in northern Thailand: need for comprehensive HIV prevention programs.

Journal Article J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr · June 1, 2003 The authors sought to determine sociodemographic and sexual and drug use risk factors for HIV infection among drug users in northern Thailand adjacent to the Golden Triangle. The authors enrolled patients admitted for inpatient drug detoxification at one t ... Full text Link to item Cite

An epidemic of denial: Stalled responses to HIV/AIDS

Journal Article Harvard International Review · June 1, 2003 Cite

Drug use, increasing incarceration rates, and prison-associated HIV risks in Thailand.

Journal Article AIDS Behav · June 2003 BACKGROUND: Incarceration is a known risk for HIV infection in Thai drug users. Through the 1990s, incarceration rates for drug-related offenses rose sharply, whereas HIV prevention and drug treatment in prisons remained limited. METHODS: We assessed HIV a ... Full text Link to item Cite

AIDS and public policy: the lessons and challenges of "success" in Thailand.

Journal Article Health Policy · April 2003 Thailand's public policy on AIDS is widely cited as one of the few examples of an effective national AIDS prevention program anywhere in the world. The Thai experience shows that a national response that mobilized key government and NGO partners and target ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assessing the magnitude of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Burma.

Journal Article J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr · March 1, 2003 OBJECTIVES: Estimates of the HIV/AIDS burden in Burma (Myanmar) are uncertain. Using data from the 1999 national HIV sentinel surveillance and available population data, we generated estimates of Burma's HIV burden in 1999. METHODOLOGY: The 1999 sentinel s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cost-effectiveness analysis of the gen-probe amplified mycobacterium tuberculosis direct test as used routinely on smear-positive respiratory specimens.

Journal Article J Clin Microbiol · March 2003 A decision analysis was conducted to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of programs in which the Amplified Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Direct test (MTD) (Gen-Probe) is used to rapidly exclude Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex as a cause of disease in smear-po ... Full text Link to item Cite

HIV/AIDS knowledge, attitudes, and practices among Burmese migrant factory workers in Tak Province, Thailand.

Journal Article AIDS Care · February 2003 Little information is known regarding the level of knowledge among Burmese migrant workers along the Thai/Burma border concerning risk factors, prevention or transmission of HIV. The Burma Medical Association (BMA) and National Health and Education Committ ... Full text Link to item Cite

The HIV/AIDS vaccine research effort: an update.

Journal Article Hopkins HIV Rep · January 2003 Link to item Cite

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection rates and heroin trafficking: Fearful symmetries

Journal Article Bulletin on Narcotics · December 1, 2002 There is mounting evidence that the spread of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is associated with heroin trafficking routes. The relationship between the two is best illustrated by the routes leading from the two primary regions for the illicit opium ... Cite

Lifetime correlates associated with amphetamine use among northern Thai men attending STD and HIV anonymous test sites.

Journal Article Drug Alcohol Depend · December 1, 2002 AIMS: To investigate the demographic, sexual, and other substance use risk correlates of amphetamine use among men in northern Thailand prior to the current epidemic of amphetamine use in the Kingdom. DESIGN: Cross-sectional quantitative behavioral questio ... Full text Link to item Cite

Precise mapping of recombination breakpoints suggests a common parent of two BC recombinant HIV type 1 strains circulating in China.

Journal Article AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses · October 10, 2002 Two different BC recombinant HIV-1 strains have arisen and begun to circulate among intravenous drug users in China. The recombinants are mostly subtype C with a few small subtype B segments. Additional full-genome sequences of the two recombinants, termed ... Full text Link to item Cite

Human rights, politics, and reviews of research ethics.

Journal Article Lancet · July 20, 2002 Although the human rights movement and the sphere of research ethics have overlapping principles and goals, there has been little attempt to incorporate external political and human rights contexts into research ethics codes or ethics reviews. Every elemen ... Full text Link to item Cite

HIV infection in young men in northern Thailand, 1991-1998: increasing role of injection drug use.

Journal Article J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr · January 1, 2002 Epidemic HIV-1 infections were first recognized in Thailand in 1988 but increased dramatically in the 1990s primarily as a result of sexual transmission. The Ministry of Public Health instituted programs, including condom promotion during commercial sex, a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Shan women and girls and the sex industry in Southeast Asia; political causes and human rights implications.

Journal Article Soc Sci Med · August 2001 The human rights abuses which occur during civil conflicts pose special threats to the health and lives of women. These can include rape, sexual violence, increased vulnerability to trafficking into prostitution, and exposure to HIV infection. The long-sta ... Full text Link to item Cite

Accelerating and disseminating across Asia

Journal Article Washington Quarterly · March 1, 2001 Full text Cite

A recent outbreak of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in southern China was initiated by two highly homogeneous, geographically separated strains, circulating recombinant form AE and a novel BC recombinant.

Journal Article J Virol · December 2000 New outbreaks of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) among injecting drug users (IDUs) are spreading in China along heroin trafficking routes. Recently, two separate HIV-1 epidemics among IDUs were reported in Guangxi, Southern China, where partial ... Full text Link to item Cite

Preventive intervention to reduce sexually transmitted infections: a field trial in the Royal Thai Army.

Journal Article Arch Intern Med · February 28, 2000 BACKGROUND: During 1991 through 1993, sexually transmitted infections among conscripts in the Royal Thai Army in the upper-northern provinces were common: human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence at induction was 12%, HIV incidence was 2.4% per year, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Overland heroin trafficking routes and HIV-1 spread in south and south-east Asia.

Journal Article AIDS · January 7, 2000 OBJECTIVES: Burma produces approximately 60% of the world's heroin, Laos is the third leading producer. Recent outbreaks of injecting drug use and HIV-1 in Burma, India, China, and Vietnam have been associated with Burmese and Laotian overland heroin traff ... Full text Link to item Cite

Human immunodeficiency virus vaccine development in developing countries: are efficacy trials feasible?

Journal Article J Hum Virol · 2000 The implementation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccine efficacy trials in developing countries represents an unprecedented series of challenges for the medical and scientific communities, health authorities, policy makers, and the populations of ... Link to item Cite

Emerging HIV infections with distinct subtypes of HIV-1 infection among injection drug users from geographically separate locations in Guangxi Province, China.

Journal Article J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr · October 1, 1999 Heroin users from Guangxi province, a southern province of China that borders Vietnam in the south and Yunnan province in China in the west, were studied for prevalence and risk factors for HIV-1 infection. Viral env sequences from HIV-1-positive individua ... Full text Link to item Cite

Drug use and HIV/AIDS in Burma.

Journal Article Lancet · September 25, 1999 Full text Link to item Cite

HIV infection and risk behaviors in thai men after their service in the Royal Thai Army: Informing vaccine cohort development

Journal Article AIDS and Behavior · June 30, 1999 A cohort of Royal Thai Army (RTA) conscripts was followed in civilian life after completing 2 years of military service, to determine whether such a cohort might be suitable for HIV vaccine trials. Objectives were to identify correlates of participation an ... Full text Cite

HIV-1 incidence among opiate users in northern Thailand.

Journal Article Am J Epidemiol · March 15, 1999 The incidence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection among opiate users was determined in a retrospective cohort of 436 patients with multiple admissions to the only inpatient drug treatment program in northern Thailand between October 19 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Epidemiologic and biologic characterization of a cohort of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 highly exposed, persistently seronegative female sex workers in northern Thailand. Chiang Mai HEPS Working Group.

Journal Article J Infect Dis · January 1999 Characterization of persons highly exposed to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 who remain uninfected may help define protective immunity. Seventeen HIV-1-seronegative Thai female sex workers (CSWs) with epidemiologic evidence of exposure to HIV-1 were ... Full text Link to item Cite

HIV type 1 subtypes in Malaysia, determined with serologic assays: 1992-1996.

Journal Article AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses · December 20, 1998 We investigated the molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 subtypes in Malaysia among injecting drug users (IDUs) and sexual transmission risk groups, using serologic and genetic techniques. Frozen sera collected at a general hospital, a blood bank, several drug ... Full text Link to item Cite

Molecular methods for the diagnosis of genital ulcer disease in a sexually transmitted disease clinic population in northern Thailand: predominance of herpes simplex virus infection.

Journal Article J Infect Dis · July 1998 A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (M-PCR) assay that simultaneously detects the three major causes of genital ulcer disease (GUD), Haemophilus ducreyi, Treponema pallidum, and herpes simplex virus, was used to evaluate swab specimens for 38 sequential ... Full text Link to item Cite

Decreasing incidence of HIV and sexually transmitted diseases in young Thai men: evidence for success of the HIV/AIDS control and prevention program.

Journal Article AIDS · March 26, 1998 OBJECTIVE: To determine whether HIV and sexually transmitted disease (STD) incidence rates among young men in northern Thailand have declined since the establishment of the '100% Condom Program', and to prospectively document changes in the association bet ... Full text Link to item Cite

Epidemiology of HIV-1 infection in opiate users in Northern Thailand.

Journal Article J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol · January 1, 1998 Characterizing the epidemiology of HIV-1 infection in Northern Thai opiate users is important in developing control strategies in this ethnically diverse and culturally distinct region. A cross-sectional survey of drug users first admitted between 1993 and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Burma and Cambodia: Human rights, social disruption, and the spread of HIV/AIDS

Journal Article Health and Human Rights · January 1, 1998 The debate around the issues raised by HIV/AIDS and human rights has largely focused on the protection from rights violations of individuals or groups affected by the disease. The relationship between political and social conditions where human rights abus ... Full text Cite

Multiple condom use in commercial sex in Lamphun Province, Thailand: a community-generated STD/HIV prevention strategy.

Journal Article Sex Transm Dis · October 1997 BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: In an investigation of condom breakage in commercial sex, we found a high proportion of multiple condoms use. This study sought to ascertain the characteristics of brothel-based commercial sex workers (CSWs) and their clients; to ... Full text Link to item Cite

Widely varying HIV prevalence and risk behaviours among the ethnic minority peoples of northern Thailand.

Journal Article AIDS Care · August 1997 We compared HIV prevalence, risk behaviours, and social and sexual norms among nine ethnic minority (Hilltribe) groups in northern Thailand. Communities were selected on the basis of size, ethnicity, development level and geography. Subjects (15-45 years) ... Full text Link to item Cite

The molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 among male sex workers in northern Thailand.

Journal Article J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol · August 1, 1997 Male commercial sex workers (CSWs) in northern Thailand are at high risk for HIV-1 infection and may be exposed to multiple subtypes of HIV-1 through sexual contact with men and women from Thailand, other Asian nations, and the West. We studied 103 male Th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Multiple condom use and decreased condom breakage and slippage in Thailand

Journal Article Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology · February 1, 1997 There is compelling evidence that male condoms effectively prevent transmission of sexual pathogens, including HIV-1. Condom breakage and slippage reduce this effect. We measured rates of condom slippage and breakage during heterosexual commercial sex in n ... Full text Cite

Feasibility of northern Thai factory workers as participants in HIV vaccine trials.

Journal Article Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health · September 1996 To determine the feasibility of establishing a cohort of HIV-1 seronegative factory workers for potential HIV vaccine trials, and other HIV preventive interventions, we enroled and followed 499 male and female industrial workers in Lamphun Province, northe ... Link to item Cite

Changes in sexual behavior and a decline in HIV infection among young men in Thailand.

Journal Article N Engl J Med · August 1, 1996 BACKGROUND: In Thailand the epidemic of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is of recent origin. Because of the high seroprevalence of HIV among sex workers, the Ministry of Public Health began a program in 1990 and 1991 to promote the use of cond ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hepatitis B immunization: a potential incentive to HIV vaccine trial participation in Thailand?

Journal Article J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol · April 1, 1996 To assess the effectiveness of hepatitis B immunization as an incentive to retention in HIV seroincidence studies and future HIV vaccine trials in northern Thailand, subjects enrolled in three HIV seroincidence cohorts were screened for hepatitis B markers ... Full text Link to item Cite

Human immunodeficiency virus infection and self-treatment for sexually transmitted diseases among northern Thai men.

Journal Article Sex Transm Dis · 1996 BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Self-treatment for sexually transmitted diseases (STD) is common, but little studied, in Thailand, and its influence on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is unknown. GOALS: To assess STD self-treatment and self-prophyl ... Full text Link to item Cite

Epidemiologic risk factors for incident sexually transmitted diseases in young Thai men.

Journal Article Sex Transm Dis · 1996 BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Prospective studies of incidental sexually transmitted diseases in developing countries rarely have been reported. As the human immunodeficiency virus epidemic widens, knowledge of the epidemiology of sexually transmitted disease ... Full text Link to item Cite

Measuring HIV-1 incidence in northern Thailand: Prospective cohort results and estimates based on early diagnostic tests

Journal Article Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology · January 1, 1996 Measuring the incidence of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is of vital importance but can be difficult and costly. We compared HIV-1 incidence measured directly from prospective cohort studies with rates derived from a method using the prevalence of ... Full text Cite

Willingness to participate in AIDS vaccine trials among high-risk populations in northern Thailand.

Journal Article AIDS · September 1995 OBJECTIVES: To determine the anticipated participation in a prophylactic AIDS vaccine trial and to identify perceived benefits and barriers to enrollment of HIV-seronegative volunteers at risk of HIV infection in northern Thailand. DESIGN: A cross-sectiona ... Full text Link to item Cite

Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 from patients with AIDS in northern Thailand.

Journal Article J Virol · August 1995 Primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates were obtained from 22 patients with AIDS from northern Thailand, where HIV-1 is transmitted primarily through the heterosexual route. Viral sequences were determined for the 22 patients with AIDS ... Full text Link to item Cite

The epidemiology of HIV and syphilis among male commercial sex workers in northern Thailand.

Journal Article AIDS · May 1995 OBJECTIVE: To examine the prevalence and incidence of HIV and syphilis, and risk behaviors for these infections, among 1,172 male commercial sex workers (CSW) followed prospectively from 1989 to 1994 in Chiang Mai, northern Thailand. METHODS: Twice yearly ... Link to item Cite

Same-sex behavior, sexually transmitted diseases and HIV risks among young northern Thai men.

Journal Article AIDS · February 1995 OBJECTIVES: To assess the risks for HIV infection and sexually transmitted diseases (STD) among young northern Thai men who have sex with men (MSM), and to examine the possible role of male same-sex behavior in the northern Thai HIV/AIDS epidemic. METHODS: ... Link to item Cite

Epidemiology / vaccine efficacy trials. "HIV Incidence in Adults in Northern Thailand".

Journal Article Vaccine Wkly · October 10, 1994 UNLABELLED: According to an abstract submitted by the authors to the X International Conference on AIDS, held August 7-12, 1994, in Yokohama, Japan, " OBJECTIVE: To measure the HIV-1 incidence, follow-up rates and high risk behaviors in cohorts of seronega ... Link to item Cite

Preparatory studies for possible HIV vaccine trials in northern Thailand.

Conference AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses · 1994 We studied several populations of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seronegative individuals from northern Thailand who were believed to be at relatively high risk of HIV infection in order to assess their potential suitability for inclusion in a preventi ... Link to item Cite

Caribbean: Measles elimination

Journal Article Lancet · January 1, 1991 Full text Cite

Chinese torture of Tibetans.

Journal Article N Y State J Med · June 1988 Link to item Cite