Scholars@Duke
Jason Lang

Jason Lang

Associate Professor of Pediatrics
Pediatrics, Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine

Selected Publications

A Randomized Trial of Inspiratory Training in Children and Adolescents With Obesity.

Journal Article Child Obes · October 2024 Introduction: Children with obesity suffer excess dyspnea that contributes to sedentariness. Developing innovative strategies to increase exercise tolerance and participation in children with obesity is a high priority. Because inspiratory training (IT) ha ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prescribing practices of inhaled corticosteroids for premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit.

Journal Article J Perinatol · July 2024 OBJECTIVE: Despite limited safety and efficacy data, inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are prescribed to premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). We examined contemporary use and risk factors for ICS use in the NICU. STUDY DESIGN: Infants ... Full text Link to item Cite

Association of Sputum Eosinophilia With Easily Measured Type-2 Inflammatory Biomarkers in Untreated Mild Persistent Asthma.

Journal Article J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract · April 2024 BACKGROUND: A multicenter clinical trial in patients with mild persistent asthma indicated that response to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) is limited to those with sputum eosinophilia. However, testing for sputum eosinophilia is impractical in most clinical ... Full text Link to item Cite

Vitamin D Oral Replacement in Children With Obesity Related Asthma: VDORA1 Randomized Clinical Trial.

Journal Article Clin Pharmacol Ther · February 2024 Children with asthma and obesity are more likely to have lower vitamin D levels, but the optimal replacement dose is unknown in this population. The objective of this study is identifying a vitamin D dose in children with obesity-related asthma that safely ... Full text Link to item Cite

The longitudinal association between asthma severity and physical fitness by neighborhood factors among New York City public school youth.

Journal Article Ann Epidemiol · December 2023 PURPOSE: This paper aims to examine the association between asthma severity and one-year lagged fitness in New York City Public school youth by neighborhood opportunity. METHODS: Using the Child Opportunity Index 2.0 and individual-level repeated measures ... Full text Link to item Cite

Environmental Inequities and Pediatric Asthma Disparities

Journal Article Current Pediatrics Reports · December 1, 2023 Purpose of Review: This review provides updates on the topic of social inequities, indoor pollutant exposure, and asthma disparities; we provide an updated summary of behavior change and indoor air-quality interventions. Recent Findings: Asthma disproporti ... Full text Cite

Pharmacokinetics of Oral Vitamin D in Children with Obesity and Asthma.

Journal Article Clin Pharmacokinet · November 2023 BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Vitamin D insufficiency is common in several pediatric diseases including obesity and asthma. Little data exist describing the pharmacokinetics of oral vitamin D in children or the optimal dosing to achieve therapeutic 25(OH)D tar ... Full text Link to item Cite

Nationwide trends in hospitalization, medical costs, and mortality for asthma after introduction of biologics: A cross-sectional study in the United States.

Journal Article J Manag Care Spec Pharm · July 2023 BACKGROUND: Asthma is the most common inflammatory lung disease in the United States. Since 2015, biologic therapies have provided targeted treatment for patients with severe asthma. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the trends for in-hospital outcomes of asthma befo ... Full text Link to item Cite

The longitudinal association between asthma severity and physical fitness among new York City public school youth.

Journal Article Prev Med · May 2023 Severe persistent childhood asthma is associated with low physical activity and may be associated with poor physical fitness. Research on the asthma severity-fitness association longitudinally and across sociodemographic subgroups is needed to inform fitne ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of Thromboprophylaxis on Clinical Outcomes After COVID-19 Hospitalization.

Journal Article Ann Intern Med · April 2023 BACKGROUND: Patients hospitalized with COVID-19 have an increased incidence of thromboembolism. The role of extended thromboprophylaxis after hospital discharge is unclear. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether anticoagulation is superior to placebo in reducing ... Full text Link to item Cite

Safety of sildenafil in premature infants at risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia: Rationale and methods of a phase II randomized trial.

Journal Article Contemp Clin Trials Commun · December 2022 Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a disease of chronic respiratory insufficiency stemming from premature birth and iatrogenic lung injury leading to alveolar simplification, impaired alveolar-capillary development, interstitial fibrosis, and often pulmon ... Full text Link to item Cite

Asthma control in normal weight and overweight/obese asthmatic children following adenotonsillectomy.

Journal Article Ear Nose Throat J · December 1, 2022 OBJECTIVES: Childhood adenotonsillar hypertrophy (ATH) with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) frequently occurs concomitant with asthma. Adenotonsillectomy and reduction in asthma severity association has been reported. We describe changes in asthma control ... Full text Link to item Cite

Protocol for the Vitamin D Oral Replacement in Asthma (VDORA) study.

Journal Article Contemp Clin Trials · September 2022 Obesity and asthma are epidemic in the United States and obesity is an independent risk factor for asthma. Low vitamin D levels (i.e. serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D) have been reported in patients with reduced lung function, more frequent respiratory infections ... Full text Link to item Cite

Solithromycin in Children and Adolescents With Community-acquired Bacterial Pneumonia.

Journal Article Pediatr Infect Dis J · July 1, 2022 BACKGROUND: Solithromycin is a new macrolide-ketolide antibiotic with potential effectiveness in pediatric community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP). Our objective was to evaluate its safety and effectiveness in children with CABP. METHODS: This phase ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Asthma and the Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Children and Adolescents.

Journal Article Pediatrics · June 1, 2022 OBJECTIVES: Over 6 million pediatric severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections have occurred in the United States, but risk factors for infection remain poorly defined. We sought to evaluate the association between asthma and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Environmental and clinical data utility in pediatric asthma exacerbation risk prediction models.

Journal Article BMC Med Inform Decis Mak · April 22, 2022 BACKGROUND: Asthma exacerbations are triggered by a variety of clinical and environmental factors, but their relative impacts on exacerbation risk are unclear. There is a critical need to develop methods to identify children at high-risk for future exacerb ... Full text Link to item Cite

Association between postmenstrual age and furosemide dosing practices in very preterm infants.

Journal Article J Perinatol · April 2022 OBJECTIVE: Furosemide renal clearance is slow after very preterm (VP) birth and increases with postnatal maturation. We compared furosemide dose frequency and total daily dose between postmenstrual age (PMA) groups in VP infants. STUDY DESIGN: Observationa ... Full text Link to item Cite

Biomarkers to Predict Response to Inhaled Corticosteroids and Long-Acting Muscarinic Antagonists in Adolescents and Adults with Mild Persistent Asthma.

Journal Article Ann Am Thorac Soc · March 2022 Rationale: Whether biomarkers can be used to predict response to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) or long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA) in mild persistent asthma is unclear. Objectives: In a prespecified exploratory analysis of a randomized clinical tr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Inspiratory Muscle Rehabilitation Training in Pediatrics: What Is the Evidence?

Journal Article Can Respir J · 2022 Pulmonary rehabilitation is typically used for reducing respiratory symptoms and improving fitness and quality of life for patients with chronic lung disease. However, it is rarely prescribed and may be underused in pediatric conditions. Pulmonary rehabili ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Subgroup Analysis of a Randomized Trial of the Effects of Positive Messaging on Patient-Reported Outcomes with Asthma - Effect of Obesity.

Journal Article J Asthma Allergy · 2022 OBJECTIVE: Asthma in obese patients represents a specific phenotype that is associated with increased symptoms, more frequent and severe exacerbations, reduced responsiveness to treatment, and decreased quality of life. Marketing and placebos have been sho ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pharmacogenetic studies of long-acting beta agonist and inhaled corticosteroid responsiveness in randomised controlled trials of individuals of African descent with asthma.

Journal Article Lancet Child Adolesc Health · December 2021 BACKGROUND: Pharmacogenetic studies in asthma cohorts, primarily made up of White people of European descent, have identified loci associated with response to inhaled beta agonists and corticosteroids (ICSs). Differences exist in how individuals from diffe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Reduced pediatric urgent asthma utilization and exacerbations during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Journal Article Pediatric pulmonology · October 2021 The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on healthcare access and utilization, which could have important implications for children with chronic diseases, including asthma. We sought to evaluate changes in healthcare utilization and outcomes in chil ... Full text Cite

Updates to the Pediatrics Asthma Management Guidelines.

Journal Article JAMA pediatrics · September 2021 Full text Cite

Durability of Changes in Biomarkers of Cardiometabolic Disease: 1-Year Family-Based Intervention in Children with Obesity.

Journal Article Metab Syndr Relat Disord · June 2021 Background: The sustainability of health benefits in response to lifestyle-based interventions remains unclear in children with overweight and obesity, and cardiometabolic disease (CMD). We determined the changes in novel biomarkers of CMD in a 1-year fami ... Full text Link to item Cite

Contribution of comorbidities to obesity-related asthma in children.

Journal Article Paediatr Respir Rev · March 2021 Children with obesity are at increased risk for developing asthma that is difficult to control. A complicating factor to asthma management among these children is likely the commonplace co-morbidities that also result from obesity. We discuss three common ... Full text Link to item Cite

Obesity-related asthma in children: A role for vitamin D.

Journal Article Pediatr Pulmonol · February 2021 Excess adipose tissue predisposes to an enhanced inflammatory state and can contribute to the pathogenesis and severity of asthma. Vitamin D has anti-inflammatory properties and low-serum levels are seen in children with asthma and in children with obesity ... Full text Link to item Cite

Well-Child Care Attendance and Risk of Asthma Exacerbations.

Journal Article Pediatrics · December 2020 BACKGROUND: Asthma remains a leading cause of hospitalization in US children. Well-child care (WCC) visits are routinely recommended, but how WCC adherence relates to asthma outcomes is poorly described. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective longitudinal c ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evaluation of associations between asthma exacerbations and distance to roadways using geocoded electronic health records data.

Journal Article BMC Public Health · October 29, 2020 BACKGROUND: Asthma exacerbations in children often require medications, urgent care, and hospitalization. Multiple environmental triggers have been associated with asthma exacerbations, including particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) and ozone, which are primaril ... Full text Link to item Cite

Interviews with caregivers during acute asthma hospitalisations.

Journal Article J Asthma · July 2020 Objective: Childhood asthma is complex and poor management of childhood asthma is the leading health reason for pediatric emergency department visits, hospitalizations and missed school days for school-aged children. The purpose of this study was to explor ... Full text Link to item Cite

Performance of an electronic health record definition for pediatric asthma

Conference JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY · February 1, 2020 Link to item Cite

T2 Inflammatory Biomarkers in Mild Persistent Asthma

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE · 2020 Cite

A Dried Blood Spot Analysis for Solithromycin in Adolescents, Children, and Infants: A Short Communication.

Journal Article Ther Drug Monit · December 2019 BACKGROUND: Solithromycin is a fourth-generation macrolide antibiotic with potential efficacy in pediatric community-acquired bacterial pneumonia. Pharmacokinetic (PK) studies of solithromycin in pediatric subjects are limited, therefore application of min ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of age, sex, race/ethnicity, and allergy status in obesity-related pediatric asthma.

Journal Article Pediatr Pulmonol · November 2019 RATIONALE: Obesity in children increases the risk for new asthma. How age, sex, race/ethnicity, and allergy status affect the relationship between obesity and asthma is unclear. This study describes the relationship between high body mass index (BMI) and i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Step-Up Therapy in Black Children and Adults with Poorly Controlled Asthma.

Journal Article N Engl J Med · September 26, 2019 BACKGROUND: Morbidity from asthma is disproportionately higher among black patients than among white patients, and black patients constitute the minority of participants in trials informing treatment. Data indicate that patients with inadequately controlle ... Full text Link to item Cite

Clinical characterization of children with resistant airflow obstruction, a multicenter study.

Journal Article J Asthma · June 2019 OBJECTIVE: To characterize a cohort of children with airflow limitation resistant to bronchodilator (BD) therapy. METHODS: Pulmonary function tests performed in children 6-17 years of age at 15 centers in a clinical research consortium were screened for re ... Full text Link to item Cite

Severe childhood asthma exacerbations: Is treatment response variability in the genes?

Journal Article Pediatr Pulmonol · June 2019 Worldwide, asthma is one of the most common causes of medical emergency in children. Failed acute management events comprise a large part of the annual healthcare costs of asthma. These severe exacerbations requiring hospitalization likely also contribute ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mometasone or Tiotropium in Mild Asthma with a Low Sputum Eosinophil Level.

Journal Article N Engl J Med · May 23, 2019 BACKGROUND: In many patients with mild, persistent asthma, the percentage of eosinophils in sputum is less than 2% (low eosinophil level). The appropriate treatment for these patients is unknown. METHODS: In this 42-week, double-blind, crossover trial, we ... Full text Link to item Cite

Fish Oil Supplementation in Overweight/Obese Patients with Uncontrolled Asthma. A Randomized Trial.

Journal Article Ann Am Thorac Soc · May 2019 Rationale: Omega-3 fatty acid (n3PUFA) supplementation has been proposed as a promising antiasthma strategy. The rs59439148 ALOX5 polymorphism affects leukotriene production and possibly inflammatory responses to n3PUFA. Objectives: Assess the effects of n ... Full text Link to item Cite

The impact of exercise on asthma.

Journal Article Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol · April 2019 PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases in children and adults in developed countries around the world. Despite international treatment guidelines, poor asthma control remains a frequent problem leading to missed school and wor ... Full text Link to item Cite

Does Obesity Increase Respiratory Tract Infections in Patients with Asthma?

Journal Article J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract · March 2019 BACKGROUND: Because respiratory tract infections (RTIs) precede most exacerbations, a better understanding of the risk factors of RTIs and RTI-associated exacerbations in patients with asthma is a pressing public health need. Obesity in patients with asthm ... Full text Link to item Cite

Genotype tailored treatment of mild symptomatic acid reflux in children with uncontrolled asthma (GenARA): Rationale and methods.

Journal Article Contemp Clin Trials · March 2019 Asthma causes enormous suffering and cost for children in the US and around the world [1-3]. Co-morbid gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) makes asthma management more difficult due to increased symptoms. Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) drugs are effective ... Full text Link to item Cite

Phenotypes of Recurrent Wheezing in Preschool Children: Identification by Latent Class Analysis and Utility in Prediction of Future Exacerbation.

Journal Article J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract · March 2019 BACKGROUND: Recurrent preschool wheezing is a heterogeneous disorder with significant morbidity, yet little is known about phenotypic determinants and their impact on clinical outcomes. OBJECTIVE: Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to identify latent cla ... Full text Link to item Cite

Adapting clinical trial design to maintain meaningful outcomes during a multicenter asthma trial in the precision medicine era.

Journal Article Contemp Clin Trials · February 2019 Precision medicine is expected to impact the care of people with asthma, given its high disease prevalence, heterogeneity of pathophysiologic mechanisms, and consequent clinical phenotypes. A novel phenotype-stratified clinical trial conducted by the NHLBI ... Full text Link to item Cite

Obesity and childhood asthma.

Journal Article Curr Opin Pulm Med · January 2019 PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Asthma is a common chronic disease of the airways characterized by recurrent respiratory symptoms, bronchoreactivity, and airway inflammation. The high toll on quality of life has led to sustained efforts to understand the factors leadin ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Opening Index to Measure Airway Closure in Children and Adults with Asthma

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE · January 1, 2019 Link to item Cite

Pediatric Congenital and Miscellaneous Lung Abnormalities

Chapter · January 1, 2019 Congenital lung abnormalities are common in pediatric patients. While these lung malformations may be incidental findings in some children, they can also result in various symptoms and imaging findings depending on their size, location, as well as connecti ... Full text Cite

Clinical Algorithms

Chapter · January 1, 2019 In medical practice, patients usually present without a known diagnosis. Physicians move from a set of signs and symptoms to the formation of a differential diagnosis to a final diagnosis. This introductory chapter provides seven clinical algorithms that e ... Full text Cite

Being Overweight or Obese and the Development of Asthma.

Journal Article Pediatrics · December 2018 OBJECTIVES: Adult obesity is linked to asthma cases and is estimated to lead to 250 000 new cases yearly. Similar incidence and attributable risk (AR) estimates have not been developed for children. We sought to describe the relationship between overweight ... Full text Link to item Cite

Association of free vitamin D3 concentrations and asthma treatment failures in the VIDA Trial.

Journal Article Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol · October 2018 BACKGROUND: Use of vitamin D3 serum concentrations as a biomarker of vitamin D status is questionable because of variation in vitamin D binding protein. OBJECTIVE: To determine associations between free vitamin D3 concentrations and rates of treatment fail ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of obesity on sinonasal disease in asthma.

Journal Article J Asthma · May 2018 OBJECTIVE: Sinonasal disease can contribute to poor asthma control. There are reports that link obesity with an increased prevalence of sinonasal disease, but no studies evaluating the severity of sinonasal disease in obese asthmatics, and how this impacts ... Full text Link to item Cite

Early-life antibiotic exposure increases the risk of developing allergic symptoms later in life: A meta-analysis.

Journal Article Allergy · May 2018 This study systematically reviewed and quantified the relationship between exposure to antibiotics during the first 2 years of life and the risk of allergies/atopies including hay fever, eczema, food allergy, positive skin prick testing (SPT), or elevated ... Full text Link to item Cite

Association of Inhaled Corticosteroids and Long-Acting β-Agonists as Controller and Quick Relief Therapy With Exacerbations and Symptom Control in Persistent Asthma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Journal Article JAMA · April 10, 2018 IMPORTANCE: Combined use of inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting β-agonists (LABAs) as the controller and the quick relief therapy termed single maintenance and reliever therapy (SMART) is a potential therapeutic regimen for the management of persistent ... Full text Link to item Cite

Association of Inhaled Corticosteroids and Long-Acting Muscarinic Antagonists With Asthma Control in Patients With Uncontrolled, Persistent Asthma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Journal Article JAMA · April 10, 2018 IMPORTANCE: Long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMAs) are a potential adjunct therapy to inhaled corticosteroids in the management of persistent asthma. OBJECTIVE: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects associated with LAMA vs pla ... Full text Link to item Cite

Overweight/obesity status in preschool children associates with worse asthma but robust improvement on inhaled corticosteroids.

Journal Article J Allergy Clin Immunol · April 2018 BACKGROUND: Overweight/obesity (OW) is linked to worse asthma and poorer inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) response in older children and adults. OBJECTIVE: We sought to describe the relationships between OW and asthma severity and response to ICS in preschool ... Full text Link to item Cite

Quintupling Inhaled Glucocorticoids to Prevent Childhood Asthma Exacerbations.

Journal Article N Engl J Med · March 8, 2018 BACKGROUND: Asthma exacerbations occur frequently despite the regular use of asthma-controller therapies, such as inhaled glucocorticoids. Clinicians commonly increase the doses of inhaled glucocorticoids at early signs of loss of asthma control. However, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation in Obese Adolescents and Young Adults with Poor Asthma Control

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE · January 1, 2018 Link to item Cite

Does Obesity Increase Respiratory Tract Infections (RTI) and Respiratory Sequelae in Patients with Asthma

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE · January 1, 2018 Link to item Cite

Effect of Obesity on Incident Childhood Asthma: Results from the National PEDSnet Clinical Data Research Network

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE · January 1, 2018 Link to item Cite

How does autism spectrum disorder affect the risk and severity of childhood asthma?

Journal Article Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol · May 2017 BACKGROUND: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and asthma are among the most common chronic disorders in childhood. Both are associated with altered immune regulation and share several risk factors. The effects of ASD on risk for later asthma and asthma severi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Is impaired glucose metabolism the missing piece in the obesity-asthma puzzle?

Journal Article Pediatr Pulmonol · February 2017 Obesity is a major risk factor for several conditions including atherosclerotic disease, metabolic syndrome, and upper airway dysfunction. However, the purported link between obesity and asthma has remained more difficult to define, in part due to limitati ... Full text Link to item Cite

Candidate Gene Association Study Of Obese Asthma: Vdr Gene Variant Associates With Both Obesity And Early Onset Asthma

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE · January 1, 2017 Link to item Cite

Individualized therapy for persistent asthma in young children.

Journal Article J Allergy Clin Immunol · December 2016 BACKGROUND: Phenotypic presentations in young children with asthma are varied and might contribute to differential responses to asthma controller medications. METHODS: The Individualized Therapy for Asthma in Toddlers study was a multicenter, randomized, d ... Full text Link to item Cite

Childhood obesity in relation to poor asthma control and exacerbation: a meta-analysis.

Journal Article Eur Respir J · October 2016 To estimate the association between obesity and poor asthma control or risk of exacerbations in asthmatic children and adolescents, and to assess whether these associations are different by sex.A meta-analysis was performed on unpublished data from three N ... Full text Link to item Cite

Childhood obesity in relation to poor asthma control and exacerbations

Conference 7.2 Paediatric Asthma and Allergy · September 2016 Full text Cite

Acetaminophen versus Ibuprofen in Young Children with Mild Persistent Asthma.

Journal Article N Engl J Med · August 18, 2016 BACKGROUND: Studies have suggested an association between frequent acetaminophen use and asthma-related complications among children, leading some physicians to recommend that acetaminophen be avoided in children with asthma; however, appropriately designe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Childhood Obesity in Relation to Poor Asthma Control and Exacerbations

Conference PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY · August 1, 2016 Link to item Cite

Gastro-oesophageal reflux and worse asthma control in obese children: a case of symptom misattribution?

Journal Article Thorax · March 2016 BACKGROUND: Obese children for unknown reasons report greater asthma symptoms. Asthma and obesity both independently associate with gastro-oesophageal reflux symptoms (GORS). Determining if obesity affects the link between GORS and asthma will help elucida ... Full text Link to item Cite

Stress, ADCYAP1R1, and Childhood Asthma. No Sigh of Relief.

Journal Article Am J Respir Crit Care Med · July 1, 2015 Full text Link to item Cite

Lansoprazole Is Associated with Worsening Asthma Control in Children with the CYP2C19 Poor Metabolizer Phenotype.

Journal Article Ann Am Thorac Soc · June 2015 RATIONALE: Gastric acid blockade in children with asymptomatic acid reflux has not improved asthma control in published studies. There is substantial population variability regarding metabolism of and response to proton pump inhibitors based on metabolizer ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of a soy isoflavone supplement on lung function and clinical outcomes in patients with poorly controlled asthma: a randomized clinical trial.

Journal Article JAMA · May 26, 2015 IMPORTANCE: Soy isoflavone supplements are used to treat several chronic diseases, although the data supporting their use are limited. Some data suggest that supplementation with soy isoflavone may be an effective treatment for patients with poor asthma co ... Full text Link to item Cite

Overweight children report qualitatively distinct asthma symptoms: analysis of validated symptom measures.

Journal Article J Allergy Clin Immunol · April 2015 BACKGROUND: Past studies of asthma in overweight/obese children have been inconsistent. The reason overweight/obese children commonly report worse asthma control remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To determine qualitative differences in symptoms between lean and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Piecewise Mixed Effects Model to Compare the Weight-gain Patter ns Before and After Diagnosis of Asthma in Children Younger than 5 Years.

Journal Article J Biom Biostat · January 2015 Asthma and obesity are two significant public health problems that both originate in early childhood and have shared risk factors and manifestations. Studies suggest a strong association between asthma development and subsequent accelerated weight gain. Ch ... Full text Link to item Cite

Metabolomics Characterizes Asthma In Children With Sickle Cell Disease

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE · January 1, 2015 Link to item Cite

Surgical Weight Loss And Exercise-Related Bronchial Reactivity In Adolescents With Severe Obesity With And Without Asthma

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE · January 1, 2015 Link to item Cite

Obesity and symptoms of depression contribute independently to the poor asthma control of obesity.

Journal Article Respir Med · August 2014 UNLABELLED: Obesity is a major risk factor for poorly controlled asthma, but the reasons for poor asthma control in this patient population are unclear. Symptoms of depression have been associated with poor asthma control, and increase with higher body mas ... Full text Link to item Cite

Obesity and asthma in children: current and future therapeutic options.

Journal Article Paediatr Drugs · June 2014 With the childhood prevalence of obesity and asthma increasing, it is important for pediatric professionals to appreciate that obesity modifies the diagnosis and management of asthma. These disease modifications present challenges to clinical management, i ... Full text Link to item Cite

A Decade Of Experience With Genetic Material And Testing In American Lung Association Asthma Clinical Research Trials

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE · January 1, 2014 Link to item Cite

Symptoms Of Depression And High BMI Contribute Independently To Poor Asthma Control In Obesity

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE · January 1, 2014 Link to item Cite

Congenital and miscellaneous abnormalities

Chapter · December 1, 2013 Bronchobiliary fistula (BBF) is a rare condition characterized by communication between the tracheobronchial and biliary ductal systems. When BBF occurs, it typically is associated with trauma, cancer, or liver infection, although congenital BBF has been d ... Full text Cite

Association of CYP2C19 polymorphisms and lansoprazole-associated respiratory adverse effects in children.

Journal Article J Pediatr · September 2013 OBJECTIVE: To determine whether cytochrome P450 (CYP)2C19 haplotype associates with lansoprazole-associated adverse event frequency. STUDY DESIGN: Respiratory adverse events from a clinical trial of lansoprazole in children with asthma were analyzed for as ... Full text Link to item Cite

Obesity in children with poorly controlled asthma: Sex differences.

Journal Article Pediatr Pulmonol · September 2013 BACKGROUND: Obesity increases asthma risk, and may alter asthma severity. In adults, sex appears to modify the effect of obesity on asthma. Among children, the effect of sex on the relationship between obesity and asthma severity remains less clear, partic ... Full text Link to item Cite

Role of biomarkers in understanding and treating children with asthma: towards personalized care.

Journal Article Pharmgenomics Pers Med · August 21, 2013 Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases affecting children. Despite publicized expert panels on asthma management and the availability of high-potency inhaled corticosteroids, asthma continues to pose an enormous burden on quality of life for chi ... Full text Link to item Cite

ALOX5 polymorphism associates with increased leukotriene production and reduced lung function and asthma control in children with poorly controlled asthma.

Journal Article Clin Exp Allergy · May 2013 BACKGROUND: Identification of risk factors for reduced asthma control could improve the understanding and treatment of asthma. A promoter polymorphism in the 5-lipoxygenase gene affects gene expression and response to asthma therapy, but its impact on dise ... Full text Link to item Cite

Biologic mechanisms of environmental tobacco smoke in children with poorly controlled asthma: results from a multicenter clinical trial.

Journal Article J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract · March 2013 BACKGROUND: Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) negatively affects children with asthma. The prevalence of ETS exposure among children with poor asthma control may be changing. Importantly, the mechanisms by which ETS worsens asthma control are poorly unders ... Full text Link to item Cite

Nutrigenetic response to omega-3 fatty acids in obese asthmatics (NOOA): rationale and methods.

Journal Article Contemp Clin Trials · March 2013 Uncontrolled asthma is a major cause of hospitalizations and emergency room visits. Factors including obesity, African ancestry and childhood are associated with increased asthma severity. Considering the high morbidity caused by asthma, relatively few cla ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sickle-Cell Trait and Atopic and Inflammatory Disease in Children.

Journal Article Pediatr Allergy Immunol Pulmonol · March 2013 Roughly 9% of African-Americans carry 1 copy of the sickle β-globin allele [sickle-cell trait (SCT)]. The sickle allele may affect the host responses in a way that protects against sequelae of malaria. Besides the association with sporadic episodes of eryt ... Full text Link to item Cite

The effects of a family-based intervention (FBI) for overweight/obese children on health and psychological functioning

Journal Article Clinical Practice in Pediatric Psychology · January 1, 2013 Obesity is the most prevalent chronic disease in childhood. There are many comorbidities associated with excess weight that are preventable with improved health. Prevention of medical comorbidities associated with obesity is critical and should begin early ... Full text Cite

Atenolol induced HDL-C change in the pharmacogenomic evaluation of antihypertensive responses (PEAR) study.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2013 We sought to identify novel pharmacogenomic markers for HDL-C response to atenolol in participants with mild to moderate hypertension. We genotyped 768 hypertensive participants from the Pharmacogenomic Evaluation of Antihypertensive Responses (PEAR) study ... Full text Link to item Cite

Clinical algorithms

Chapter · December 1, 2012 In medical practice, patients usually present without a known diagnosis. Physicians move from a set of signs and symptoms to the formation of a differential diagnosis to a final diagnosis. This introductory chapter provides seven clinical algorithms that e ... Full text Cite

Obesity, Nutrition, and Asthma in Children.

Journal Article Pediatr Allergy Immunol Pulmonol · June 2012 Obesity rates have increased dramatically among children in many parts of the world, especially in North America and several other English-speaking countries. The impact of obesity on pediatric health has become a major prevention initiative by the Obama a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Asthma severity, exacerbation risk, and controller treatment burden in underweight and obese children.

Journal Article J Asthma · June 2012 OBJECTIVE: The relationship between weight status and asthma characteristics in children remains inadequately defined. Very little has been published on the risk of exacerbation, physician perception of severity, and the level controller treatment prescrib ... Full text Link to item Cite

Does age impact the obese asthma phenotype? Longitudinal asthma control, airway function, and airflow perception among mild persistent asthmatics.

Journal Article Chest · December 2011 BACKGROUND: The relationship between obesity and asthma remains inadequately defined. Studies about how obesity affects asthma control and lung function show conflicting results. Additional focus on the effect of age as a modifier may make clearer the inte ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of obstructive sleep apnea and gastroesophageal reflux disease on asthma control in obesity.

Journal Article J Asthma · September 2011 BACKGROUND: Obesity is a risk factor for asthma. Obese asthmatics often have poor asthma control and respond poorly to therapy. It has been suggested that co-morbidities associated with obesity, such as reflux and obstructive sleep apnea, could be importan ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of citrus juice and SLCO2B1 genotype on the pharmacokinetics of montelukast.

Journal Article J Clin Pharmacol · May 2011 Previously the authors found that a common polymorphism, rs12422149 (SLCO2B1{NM_007256.2}:c.935G>A), in the gene coding for OATP2B1, was associated with absorption of and response to montelukast in humans. In vitro studies showed that citrus juice could re ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pulmonary responses to subacute ozone exposure in obese vs. lean mice.

Journal Article J Appl Physiol (1985) · November 2009 The purpose of this study was to determine whether obesity affects pulmonary responses following a 3-day ozone exposure. Obese db/db and lean wild-type mice were exposed to ozone (0.3 ppm) for 72 h. In wild-type mice, ozone exposure caused pulmonary injury ... Full text Link to item Cite

Efficacy of esomeprazole for treatment of poorly controlled asthma.

Journal Article N Engl J Med · April 9, 2009 BACKGROUND: Gastroesophageal reflux is common among patients with asthma but often causes mild or no symptoms. It is not known whether treatment of gastroesophageal reflux with proton-pump inhibitors in patients who have poorly controlled asthma without sy ... Full text Link to item Cite

Body mass index-percentile and diagnostic accuracy of childhood asthma.

Journal Article J Asthma · April 2009 OBJECTIVE: To determine whether high BMI-percentile is associated with misdiagnosis of asthma among children referred to an asthma specialist. METHODS: We queried the electronic records of children 8 to 18 years of age seen by a Nemours pediatric pulmonolo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of obesity on pulmonary inflammation induced by acute ozone exposure: role of interleukin-6.

Journal Article Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol · May 2008 To determine the role of interleukin (IL)-6 in the increased ozone (O3)-induced inflammation and injury observed in obese vs. lean mice, lean wild-type and leptin-deficient obese (ob/ob) mice were injected with anti-IL-6 antibody (Ab) or isotype control Ab ... Full text Link to item Cite

Chest pain in children

Journal Article Current Pediatric Reviews · August 1, 2006 Pain arising from the chest area creates anxiety in children and their parents, often leading to unnecessary activity restriction, school absences, and medical utilization. A thorough but pragmatic evaluation requires a grasp of the pathophysiology of seve ... Full text Cite

Acute effects of the selective cholinergic channel activator (nicotinic agonist) ABT-418 in Alzheimer's disease.

Journal Article Psychopharmacology (Berl) · March 1999 To explore further the potential for cognitive enhancement utilizing nicotinic stimulation in Alzheimer's disease (AD), six otherwise healthy subjects with moderate AD received placebo and three doses (6, 12, and 23 mg) of the novel selective cholinergic c ... Full text Link to item Cite