Scholars@Duke
Mary Elizabeth Anne Sunday

Mary Elizabeth Anne Sunday

Professor of Pathology
Pathology
mary.sunday@duke.edu
Duke Box 3712, Durham, NC 27710
Davison Bldg., 2nd Floor, Durham, NC 27710
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Selected Publications

Novel neuroendocrine role of γ-aminobutyric acid and gastrin-releasing peptide in the host response to influenza infection.

Journal Article Mucosal Immunol · June 2023 Gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP), an evolutionarily conserved neuropeptide, significantly contributes to influenza-induced lethality and inflammation in rodent models. Because GRP is produced by pulmonary neuroendocrine cells (PNECs) in response to γ-aminob ... Full text Link to item Cite

Urine gastrin-releasing peptide in the first week correlates with bronchopulmonary dysplasia and post-prematurity respiratory disease.

Journal Article Pediatr Pulmonol · April 2020 RATIONALE: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is associated with post-prematurity respiratory disease (PRD) in survivors of extreme preterm birth. Identifying early biomarkers that correlate with later development of BPD and PRD may provide insights for inte ... Full text Link to item Cite

Efficient CD4Cre-Mediated Conditional KRas Expression in Alveolar Macrophages and Alveolar Epithelial Cells Causes Fatal Hyperproliferative Pneumonitis.

Journal Article J Immunol · September 1, 2019 The CD4Cre transgenic model has been widely used for T cell-specific gene manipulation. We report unexpected highly efficient Cre-mediated recombination in alveolar macrophages (AMFs), bronchial epithelial cells (BECs), and alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) ... Full text Link to item Cite

Immediate Release of Gastrin-Releasing Peptide Mediates Delayed Radiation-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis.

Journal Article Am J Pathol · May 2019 Radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis (RTPF) is a progressive, serious condition in many subjects treated for thoracic malignancies or after accidental nuclear exposure. No biomarker exists for identifying the irradiated subjects most susceptible to pulmona ... Full text Link to item Cite

Novel role of gastrin releasing peptide-mediated signaling in the host response to influenza infection.

Journal Article Mucosal Immunol · January 2019 Gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) is an evolutionarily well-conserved neuropeptide that was originally recognized for its ability to mediate gastric acid secretion in the gut. More recently, however, GRP has been implicated in pulmonary lung inflammatory dis ... Full text Link to item Cite

Development and Preliminary Evaluation of a Murine Model of Chronic Radiation-Induced Proctitis.

Journal Article Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys · August 1, 2018 PURPOSE: Radiotherapy (RT) is commonly used to treat most pelvic malignancies. While treatment is often effective, curative radiation doses to the rectum can result in chronic radiation-induced proctitis, which is characterized by diarrhea, tenesmus, and/o ... Full text Link to item Cite

Obese asthmatic patients have decreased surfactant protein A levels: Mechanisms and implications.

Journal Article J Allergy Clin Immunol · March 2018 BACKGROUND: Eosinophils are prominent in some patients with asthma and are increased in the submucosa in a subgroup of obese patients with asthma (OAs). Surfactant protein A (SP-A) modulates host responses to infectious and environmental insults. OBJECTIVE ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Augmented Responses to Ozone in Obese Mice Require IL-17A and Gastrin-Releasing Peptide.

Journal Article Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol · March 2018 Ozone and obesity both increase IL-17A in the lungs. In mice, obesity augments the airway hyperresponsiveness and neutrophil recruitment induced by acute ozone exposure. Therefore, we examined the role of IL-17A in obesity-related increases in the response ... Full text Link to item Cite

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia impairs L-type amino acid transporter-1 expression in human and baboon lung.

Journal Article Pediatr Pulmonol · October 2016 Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is an inflammatory lung disorder common in premature infants who undergo mechanical ventilation with supplemental oxygen. Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) has been used to prevent experimental and clinical BPD. Earlier studies sh ... Full text Link to item Cite

Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases-1 and -2 in Interleukin-13-Suppressed Elastin in Airway Fibroblasts in Asthma.

Journal Article Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol · January 2016 Elastin synthesis and degradation in the airway and lung parenchyma contribute to airway mechanics, including airway patency and elastic recoil. IL-13 mediates many features of asthma pathobiology, including airway remodeling, but the effects of IL-13 on e ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Retraction.

Journal Article Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · April 7, 2015 Full text Link to item Cite

Corrigendum: Oxygen, gastrin-releasing peptide, and pediatric lung disease: Life in the balance [Front Pediatr, 2, 72 (2014)] doi: 10.3389/fped.2014.00072

Journal Article Frontiers in Pediatrics · October 1, 2014 Reference # 7 needs to be corrected to: Mary Sunday and Barbara Theriot, unpublished data. We have recently determined that most of the ovalbumin data in the article is unreliable. However, we have successfully validated the ozone data in additional experi ... Full text Cite

Oxygen, gastrin-releasing Peptide, and pediatric lung disease: life in the balance.

Journal Article Front Pediatr · 2014 Excessive oxygen (O2) can cause tissue injury, scarring, aging, and even death. Our laboratory is studying O2-sensing pulmonary neuroendocrine cells (PNECs) and the PNEC-derived product gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Radiation-induced lung injury is mitigated by blockade of gastrin-releasing peptide.

Journal Article Am J Pathol · April 2013 Gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP), secreted by pulmonary neuroendocrine cells, mediates oxidant-induced lung injury in animal models. Considering that GRP blockade abrogates pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis in hyperoxic baboons, we hypothesized that ioniz ... Full text Link to item Cite

Chronic treatment in vivo with β-adrenoceptor agonists induces dysfunction of airway β(2) -adrenoceptors and exacerbates lung inflammation in mice.

Journal Article Br J Pharmacol · April 2012 BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Inhalation of a β-adrenoceptor agonist (β-agonist) is first-line asthma therapy, used for both prophylaxis against, and acute relief of, bronchoconstriction. However, repeated clinical use of β-agonists leads to impaired bronchoprot ... Full text Link to item Cite

Novel neuroendocrine role of γ-aminobutyric acid and gastrin-releasing peptide in the host response to influenza infection.

Journal Article Mucosal Immunol · June 2023 Gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP), an evolutionarily conserved neuropeptide, significantly contributes to influenza-induced lethality and inflammation in rodent models. Because GRP is produced by pulmonary neuroendocrine cells (PNECs) in response to γ-aminob ... Full text Link to item Cite

Urine gastrin-releasing peptide in the first week correlates with bronchopulmonary dysplasia and post-prematurity respiratory disease.

Journal Article Pediatr Pulmonol · April 2020 RATIONALE: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is associated with post-prematurity respiratory disease (PRD) in survivors of extreme preterm birth. Identifying early biomarkers that correlate with later development of BPD and PRD may provide insights for inte ... Full text Link to item Cite

Efficient CD4Cre-Mediated Conditional KRas Expression in Alveolar Macrophages and Alveolar Epithelial Cells Causes Fatal Hyperproliferative Pneumonitis.

Journal Article J Immunol · September 1, 2019 The CD4Cre transgenic model has been widely used for T cell-specific gene manipulation. We report unexpected highly efficient Cre-mediated recombination in alveolar macrophages (AMFs), bronchial epithelial cells (BECs), and alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) ... Full text Link to item Cite

Immediate Release of Gastrin-Releasing Peptide Mediates Delayed Radiation-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis.

Journal Article Am J Pathol · May 2019 Radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis (RTPF) is a progressive, serious condition in many subjects treated for thoracic malignancies or after accidental nuclear exposure. No biomarker exists for identifying the irradiated subjects most susceptible to pulmona ... Full text Link to item Cite

Novel role of gastrin releasing peptide-mediated signaling in the host response to influenza infection.

Journal Article Mucosal Immunol · January 2019 Gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) is an evolutionarily well-conserved neuropeptide that was originally recognized for its ability to mediate gastric acid secretion in the gut. More recently, however, GRP has been implicated in pulmonary lung inflammatory dis ... Full text Link to item Cite

Development and Preliminary Evaluation of a Murine Model of Chronic Radiation-Induced Proctitis.

Journal Article Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys · August 1, 2018 PURPOSE: Radiotherapy (RT) is commonly used to treat most pelvic malignancies. While treatment is often effective, curative radiation doses to the rectum can result in chronic radiation-induced proctitis, which is characterized by diarrhea, tenesmus, and/o ... Full text Link to item Cite

Obese asthmatic patients have decreased surfactant protein A levels: Mechanisms and implications.

Journal Article J Allergy Clin Immunol · March 2018 BACKGROUND: Eosinophils are prominent in some patients with asthma and are increased in the submucosa in a subgroup of obese patients with asthma (OAs). Surfactant protein A (SP-A) modulates host responses to infectious and environmental insults. OBJECTIVE ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Augmented Responses to Ozone in Obese Mice Require IL-17A and Gastrin-Releasing Peptide.

Journal Article Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol · March 2018 Ozone and obesity both increase IL-17A in the lungs. In mice, obesity augments the airway hyperresponsiveness and neutrophil recruitment induced by acute ozone exposure. Therefore, we examined the role of IL-17A in obesity-related increases in the response ... Full text Link to item Cite

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia impairs L-type amino acid transporter-1 expression in human and baboon lung.

Journal Article Pediatr Pulmonol · October 2016 Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is an inflammatory lung disorder common in premature infants who undergo mechanical ventilation with supplemental oxygen. Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) has been used to prevent experimental and clinical BPD. Earlier studies sh ... Full text Link to item Cite

Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases-1 and -2 in Interleukin-13-Suppressed Elastin in Airway Fibroblasts in Asthma.

Journal Article Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol · January 2016 Elastin synthesis and degradation in the airway and lung parenchyma contribute to airway mechanics, including airway patency and elastic recoil. IL-13 mediates many features of asthma pathobiology, including airway remodeling, but the effects of IL-13 on e ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Retraction.

Journal Article Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · April 7, 2015 Full text Link to item Cite

Corrigendum: Oxygen, gastrin-releasing peptide, and pediatric lung disease: Life in the balance [Front Pediatr, 2, 72 (2014)] doi: 10.3389/fped.2014.00072

Journal Article Frontiers in Pediatrics · October 1, 2014 Reference # 7 needs to be corrected to: Mary Sunday and Barbara Theriot, unpublished data. We have recently determined that most of the ovalbumin data in the article is unreliable. However, we have successfully validated the ozone data in additional experi ... Full text Cite

Oxygen, gastrin-releasing Peptide, and pediatric lung disease: life in the balance.

Journal Article Front Pediatr · 2014 Excessive oxygen (O2) can cause tissue injury, scarring, aging, and even death. Our laboratory is studying O2-sensing pulmonary neuroendocrine cells (PNECs) and the PNEC-derived product gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Radiation-induced lung injury is mitigated by blockade of gastrin-releasing peptide.

Journal Article Am J Pathol · April 2013 Gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP), secreted by pulmonary neuroendocrine cells, mediates oxidant-induced lung injury in animal models. Considering that GRP blockade abrogates pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis in hyperoxic baboons, we hypothesized that ioniz ... Full text Link to item Cite

Chronic treatment in vivo with β-adrenoceptor agonists induces dysfunction of airway β(2) -adrenoceptors and exacerbates lung inflammation in mice.

Journal Article Br J Pharmacol · April 2012 BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Inhalation of a β-adrenoceptor agonist (β-agonist) is first-line asthma therapy, used for both prophylaxis against, and acute relief of, bronchoconstriction. However, repeated clinical use of β-agonists leads to impaired bronchoprot ... Full text Link to item Cite

Airway fibroblasts in asthma manifest an invasive phenotype.

Journal Article Am J Respir Crit Care Med · June 15, 2011 RATIONALE: Invasive cell phenotypes have been demonstrated in malignant transformation, but not in other diseases, such as asthma. Cellular invasiveness is thought to be mediated by transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

NPAS3 is a trachealess homolog critical for lung development and homeostasis.

Journal Article Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · July 14, 2009 Trachealess (Trh) is a PAS domain transcription factor regulating Drosophila tracheogenesis. No other Trh homolog has been associated with a respiratory phenotype. Seeking homolog(s) regulating lung development, we screened murine genomic DNA using trh oli ... Full text Link to item Cite

SP-A preserves airway homeostasis during Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in mice.

Journal Article J Immunol · June 15, 2009 The lung is constantly challenged during normal breathing by a myriad of environmental irritants and infectious insults. Pulmonary host defense mechanisms maintain homeostasis between inhibition/clearance of pathogens and regulation of inflammatory respons ... Full text Link to item Cite

Counteracting signaling activities in lipid rafts associated with the invasion of lung epithelial cells by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Journal Article J Biol Chem · April 10, 2009 Pseudomonas aeruginosa has the capacity to invade lung epithelial cells by co-opting the intrinsic endocytic properties of lipid rafts, which are rich in cholesterol, sphingolipids, and proteins, such as caveolin-1 and -2. We compared intratracheal Pseudom ... Full text Link to item Cite

Gastrin-releasing peptide, immune responses, and lung disease.

Journal Article Ann N Y Acad Sci · November 2008 Gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) is produced by pulmonary neuroendocrine cells (PNECs), with highest numbers of GRP-positive cells present in fetal lung. Normally GRP-positive PNECs are relatively infrequent after birth, but PNEC hyperplasia is frequently a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Airway epithelial cells: current concepts and challenges.

Journal Article Proc Am Thorac Soc · September 15, 2008 The adult human bronchial tree is covered with a continuous layer of epithelial cells that play a critical role in maintaining the conduit for air, and which are central to the defenses of the lung against inhaled environmental concomitants. The epithelial ... Full text Link to item Cite

Resident cellular components of the human lung: current knowledge and goals for research on cell phenotyping and function.

Journal Article Proc Am Thorac Soc · September 15, 2008 The purpose of the workshop was to identify still obscure or novel cellular components of the lung, to determine cell function in lung development and in health that impacts on disease, and to decide promising avenues for future research to extract and phe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Centrifugal migration of mesenchymal cells in embryonic lung.

Journal Article Dev Dyn · March 2008 Murine lung development begins at embryonic day (E) 9.5. Normal lung structure and function depend on the patterns of localization of differentiated cells. Pulmonary mesenchymal cell lineages have been relatively unexplored. Importantly, there has been no ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ontogeny of the eotaxins in human lung.

Journal Article Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol · February 2008 The ontogeny of the C-C chemokines eotaxin-1, eotaxin-2, and eotaxin-3 has not been fully elucidated in human lung. We explored a possible role for eotaxin in developing lung by determining the ontogeny of eotaxin-1 (CCL11), eotaxin-2 (CCL24), eotaxin-3 (C ... Full text Link to item Cite

Bombesin-like peptides modulate alveolarization and angiogenesis in bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Journal Article Am J Respir Crit Care Med · November 1, 2007 RATIONALE: The incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a chronic lung disease of newborns, is paradoxically rising despite medical advances. We demonstrated elevated bombesin-like peptide levels in infants that later developed BPD. In the 140-day hy ... Full text Link to item Cite

NPAS1 regulates branching morphogenesis in embryonic lung.

Journal Article Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol · April 2007 Drosophila trachealess (Trl), master regulator of tracheogenesis, has no known functional mammalian homolog. We hypothesized that genes similar to trachealess regulate lung development. Quantitative (Q)RT-PCR and immunostaining were used to determine spati ... Full text Link to item Cite

Notch-1 regulates pulmonary neuroendocrine cell differentiation in cell lines and in transgenic mice.

Journal Article Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol · February 2007 The notch gene family encodes transmembrane receptors that regulate cell differentiation by interacting with surface ligands on adjacent cells. Previously, we demonstrated that tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) induces neuroendocrine (NE) cell differentiat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Accelerated thymic maturation and autoreactive T cells in bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Journal Article Am J Respir Crit Care Med · July 1, 2006 RATIONALE: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a chronic lung disease of newborns triggered by oxygen and barotrauma, is characterized by arrested alveolarization. Increased levels of bombesin-like peptides shortly after birth mediate lung injury: anti-bombe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Bombesin inhibits alveolarization and promotes pulmonary fibrosis in newborn mice.

Journal Article Am J Respir Crit Care Med · June 15, 2006 RATIONALE: Bombesin-like peptides promote fetal lung development. Normally, levels of mammalian bombesin (gastrin-releasing peptide [GRP]) drop postnatally, but these levels are elevated in newborns that develop bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a chronic ... Full text Link to item Cite

Histochemical analyses of altered fetal lung development following single vs multiple courses of antenatal steroids.

Journal Article J Histochem Cytochem · December 2005 A single course of antenatal steroids is widely used during preterm labor to promote fetal lung maturation. However, little is known regarding efficacy and safety of multiple courses of antenatal steroids. In animal models and clinical trials, treatment wi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Developmental regulation of p66Shc is altered by bronchopulmonary dysplasia in baboons and humans.

Journal Article Am J Respir Crit Care Med · June 15, 2005 RATIONALE: The p66(Shc) adapter protein antagonizes mitogen-activated protein, or MAP, kinase, mediates oxidative stress, and is developmentally regulated in fetal mouse lungs. OBJECTIVES: To determine if p66(Shc) is similarly regulated in primates and in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Control of basement membrane remodeling and epithelial branching morphogenesis in embryonic lung by Rho and cytoskeletal tension.

Journal Article Dev Dyn · February 2005 Local alterations in the mechanical compliance of the basement membrane that alter the level of isometric tension in the cell have been postulated to influence tissue morphogenesis. To explore whether cell tension contributes to tissue pattern formation in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Functional diversity of notch family genes in fetal lung development.

Journal Article Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol · May 2004 In Drosophila, developmental signaling via the transmembrane Notch receptor modulates branching morphogenesis and neuronal differentiation. To determine whether the notch gene family can regulate mammalian organogenesis, including neuroendocrine cell diffe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Immunomodulatory functions of the diffuse neuroendocrine system: implications for bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Journal Article Endocr Pathol · 2004 Pulmonary neuroendocrine (NE) cells are believed to be the precursor of NE lung carcinomas, including well-differentiated (carcinoids) and moderately/poorly differentiated (atypical carcinoids and small-cell carcinomas, SCLCs) subtypes. In early studies, w ... Full text Link to item Cite

Bombesin-like peptide receptor gene expression, regulation, and function in fetal murine lung.

Journal Article Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol · January 2004 Bombesin-peptide (BLP) immunoreactivity occurs at high levels in fetal lung. Previous studies showed that bombesin promotes fetal lung development. To test the hypothesis that such effects are mediated by known mammalian bombesin receptors [gastrin-releasi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Bombesin-like peptides and mast cell responses: relevance to bronchopulmonary dysplasia?

Journal Article Am J Respir Crit Care Med · September 1, 2003 Bombesin-like peptides (BLPs) are elevated in newborns who later develop bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). In baboon models, anti-BLP blocking antibodies abrogate BPD. We now demonstrate hyperplasia of both neuroendocrine cells and mast cells in lungs of b ... Full text Link to item Cite

A catalytic antioxidant attenuates alveolar structural remodeling in bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Journal Article Am J Respir Crit Care Med · January 1, 2003 Superoxide anion and other oxygen-free radicals have been implicated in the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. We tested the hypothesis that a catalytic antioxidant metalloporphyrin AEOL 10113 can protect against hyperoxia-induced lung injury usin ... Full text Link to item Cite

Neuroimmunologic control of asthma

Journal Article Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America · November 1, 2002 The neural, neuroendocrine, and immune systems frequently are believed to be completely separate entities; however, evidence suggests that these systems interact extensively to modulate pulmonary immune responses. The functional significance of these inter ... Full text Cite

Angiogenic growth factors in the pathophysiology of a murine model of acute lung injury.

Journal Article Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol · September 2002 Capillary leakage and alveolar edema are hallmarks of acute lung injury (ALI). Neutrophils and serum macromolecules enter alveoli, promoting inflammation. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) causes plasma leakage in extrapulmonary vessels. Angiopoiet ... Full text Link to item Cite

Control of embryonic lung branching morphogenesis by the Rho activator, cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1.

Journal Article J Surg Res · May 15, 2002 BACKGROUND: Lung development is sensitive to physiological stresses, and its development may be impaired by physical distortion, as in patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Yet, little is known about how mechanical forces can influence lung morpho ... Full text Link to item Cite

Urine bombesin-like peptide elevation precedes clinical evidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Journal Article Am J Respir Crit Care Med · April 15, 2002 Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease of very low birth weight infants, associated with oxygen therapy, barotrauma, and/or infections. Improved medical care has led to a paradoxically increased incidence of BPD due to greater infant su ... Full text Link to item Cite

Leptin mediates the parathyroid hormone-related protein paracrine stimulation of fetal lung maturation.

Journal Article Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol · March 2002 Developing rat lung lipofibroblasts express leptin beginning on embryonic day (E) 17, increasing 7- to 10-fold by E20. Leptin and its receptor are expressed mutually exclusively by fetal lung fibroblasts and type II cells, suggesting a paracrine signaling ... Full text Link to item Cite

Fetal alveolar epithelial cells contain [D-Ala(2)]-deltorphin I-like immunoreactivity: delta- and mu-opiate receptors mediate opposite effects in developing lung.

Journal Article Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol · October 2001 Opiate-like peptides can regulate many cellular functions. We now map [D-Ala(2)]deltorphin I (DADTI)-like immunoreactivity (DADTI-LI) in developing mouse lung and analyze potential functional roles. Most DADTI-LI-positive cells were alveolar cells negative ... Full text Link to item Cite

Developmental expression of neurokinin A and functional neurokinin-2 receptors in lung.

Journal Article Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol · June 2001 Peribronchial smooth muscle constriction causes airway stretch, an important mechanical force in developing lung. Little is known about factors influencing these spontaneously active muscle elements. We measured contractile activity of neurokinin (NK) rece ... Full text Link to item Cite

Differential expression of VEGF isoforms in mouse during development and in the adult.

Journal Article Dev Dyn · February 2001 Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a factor that is critical for development of the vascular system in mouse embryos, exists as at least three isoforms, VEGF120, VEGF164, and VEGF188. The isoforms have different affinities for heparan sulfate as we ... Full text Link to item Cite

Stromelysin-3 suppresses tumor cell apoptosis in a murine model.

Journal Article J Cell Biochem · 2001 Stromelysin-3 (STR-3) is a matrix metalloproteinase with a unique pattern of expression and substrate specificity. During embryogenesis and remodeling of normal adult tissues, STR-3 is produced by stromal cells in direct contact with epithelial cells under ... Full text Link to item Cite

Direct effects of corticotropin-releasing hormone and thyrotropin-releasing hormone on fetal lung explants

Journal Article Peptides · 2001 Fetal lung produces corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) without known direct effects. We tested the hypothesis that CRH can directly regulate lung development. In baboon fetal lung explants, CRH strongly induces surfactant phospholipid synthesis and SP-C ... Cite

Direct effects of corticotropin-releasing hormone and thyrotropin-releasing hormone on fetal lung explants.

Journal Article Peptides · December 2000 Fetal lung produces corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) without known direct effects. We tested the hypothesis that CRH can directly regulate lung development. In baboon fetal lung explants, CRH strongly induces surfactant phospholipid synthesis and SP-C ... Full text Link to item Cite

Bombesin-like peptide and receptors in lung injury models: diverse gene expression, similar function.

Journal Article Peptides · November 2000 We previously demonstrated that bombesin-like peptide (BLP) mediates lung injury in premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). We now investigate gene expression and function of BLP (gastrin-releasing peptide, GRP) and BLP-receptors (GRP-R an ... Full text Link to item Cite

Bombesin-like peptides and receptors in normal fetal baboon lung: roles in lung growth and maturation.

Journal Article Am J Physiol · November 1999 Previously, we have shown that bombesin-like peptide (BLP) promotes fetal lung development in rodents and humans but mediates postnatal lung injury in hyperoxic baboons. The present study analyzed the normal ontogeny of BLP and BLP receptors as well as the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Syntaxin 1A is transiently expressed in fetal lung mesenchymal cells: potential developmental roles.

Journal Article Am J Physiol · August 1999 Lung development is a complex process in which epithelial-mesenchymal interactions play a key role. A conserved secretory apparatus, the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) complex, is essential for exocytosis in m ... Full text Link to item Cite

Calcitonin driven v-Ha-ras induces multilineage pulmonary epithelial hyperplasias and neoplasms.

Journal Article Oncogene · July 29, 1999 We initiated a transgenic model for primary pulmonary neuroendocrine cell (PNEC) hyperplasia/neoplasia using v-Ha-ras driven by the neural/neuroendocrine (NE)-specific calcitonin promoter (rascal). Previously, we showed that nitrosamine treated rodents dev ... Full text Link to item Cite

CD10/neutral endopeptidase inhibition augments pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia in hamsters treated with diethylnitrosamine and hyperoxia.

Journal Article Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol · July 1999 In previous studies, we demonstrated that pulmonary neuroendocrine cell (PNEC) hyperplasia in hamsters treated with diethylnitrosamine (DEN) plus 65% hyperoxia (DEN/O2) reflects predominantly neuroendocrine cell differentiation. Several peptides implicated ... Full text Link to item Cite

Proliferation and differentiation defects during lung development in corticotropin-releasing hormone-deficient mice.

Journal Article Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol · February 1999 Corticotropin-releasing hormone-deficient (CRH-KO) mice, which as a consequence are also glucocorticoid-insufficient, exhibit neonatal lethality when derived from CRH-KO mothers. Death is due to respiratory insufficiency as a result of abnormal pulmonary d ... Full text Link to item Cite

Regulation of the G protein Galphai2 by growth and development in fetal airway epithelium.

Journal Article Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol · January 1999 Heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding (G) proteins transduce a wide variety of receptor-mediated signals to effectors that are involved in numerous cellular functions, including cell proliferation and differentiation. Thrombin and bombesin/gastrin-rele ... Full text Link to item Cite

Expression of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2/B1 changes with critical stages of mammalian lung development.

Journal Article Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol · October 1998 Recent reports have demostrated a link between expression of members of the family of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) and cancer. Overexpression of hnRNP A2/B1 correlated with the eventual development of lung cancer in three different cli ... Full text Link to item Cite

Tumor necrosis factor induces neuroendocrine differentiation in small cell lung cancer cell lines.

Journal Article Am J Physiol · August 1998 We studied tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha as a candidate cytokine to promote neuroendocrine cell differentiation in a nitrosamine-hyperoxia hamster lung injury model. Differential screening identified expression of the genes modulated by TNF-alpha prece ... Full text Link to item Cite

Inflammatory cell distribution within and along asthmatic airways.

Journal Article Am J Respir Crit Care Med · August 1998 Asthmatic airways are infiltrated with inflammatory cells that release mediators and cytokines into the microenvironment. In this study, we evaluated the distribution of CD45-positive leukocytes and eosinophils in lung tissue from five patients who died wi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Bombesin-like peptide mediates lung injury in a baboon model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Journal Article J Clin Invest · August 1, 1998 The etiology of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a chronic lung disease of infants surviving respiratory distress syndrome, remains fundamentally enigmatic. BPD is decreasing in severity but continues to be a major problem in pediatric medicine, being esp ... Full text Link to item Cite

Macrophage-stimulating protein and its receptor in non-small-cell lung tumors: induction of receptor tyrosine phosphorylation and cell migration.

Journal Article Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol · April 1998 Previously, we identified macrophage-stimulating protein (MSP) as being expressed during hamster lung injury induced by nitrosamine carcinogens. Transient, generalized epithelial-cell hyperplasia during the preneoplastic period, and eventually nonneuroendo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Thrombospondin-1 is required for normal murine pulmonary homeostasis and its absence causes pneumonia.

Journal Article J Clin Invest · March 1, 1998 The thrombospondins are a family of extracellular calcium-binding proteins that modulate cellular phenotype. Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) reportedly regulates cellular attachment, proliferation, migration, and differentiation in vitro. To explore its function ... Full text Link to item Cite

Expression of v-Ha-ras driven by the calcitonin/calcitonin gene-related peptide promoter: a novel transgenic murine model for medullary thyroid carcinoma.

Journal Article Oncogene · January 15, 1998 v-Ha-ras has been demonstrated previously to induce neuroendocrine differentiation of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC, malignant C cell tumor) cell lines. The potential role of ras mediated signaling in neuroendocrine cells in vivo has been investigated b ... Full text Link to item Cite

Generation and characterization of mice lacking gastrin-releasing peptide receptor.

Journal Article Biochem Biophys Res Commun · October 9, 1997 Gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) is a mammalian bombesin-like peptide which is widely distributed in the central nervous system as well as in the gastrointestinal tract. GRP binds to its high affinity receptor (GRPR) to elicit a wide spectrum of biological ... Full text Link to item Cite

Differential screening of a human chromosome 3 library identifies hepatocyte growth factor-like/macrophage-stimulating protein and its receptor in injured lung. Possible implications for neuroendocrine cell survival.

Journal Article J Clin Invest · June 15, 1997 Transient pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia and non-neuroendocrine lung tumors develop in nitrosaminetreated hamsters, which we hypothesized might modulate epithelial cell phenotype by expressing gene(s) homologous to human chromosome 3p gene(s) de ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comparison of the ontogeny of protein gene product 9.5, chromogranin A and proliferating cell nuclear antigen in developing human lung.

Journal Article Microscopy research and technique · April 1997 Pulmonary neuroendocrine cell products, especially bombesin-like peptides, are important modulators of fetal lung growth, morphogenesis and maturation. In the present study, we describe the ontogeny of protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5) in 28 midtrimester ... Full text Cite

Comparison of the ontogeny of protein gene product 9.5, chromogranin A and proliferating cell nuclear antigen in developing human lung.

Journal Article Microsc Res Tech · April 1, 1997 Pulmonary neuroendocrine cell products, especially bombesin-like peptides, are important modulators of fetal lung growth, morphogenesis and maturation. In the present study, we describe the ontogeny of protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5) in 28 midtrimester ... Full text Link to item Cite

Neuroendocrine (ne) cell hyperplasia and non-ne tumors in transgenic mice with v-ha-ras driven by the calcitonin promoter

Journal Article FASEB Journal · December 1, 1996 Ras mediated signalling can play a role in ME cell differentiation: transfection of v-Ha-ras into cultured NE tumor cells induces NE cell or non-NE features. We have generated transgenic mice with v-Ha-ras driven by the neural/NE-specific cjdcitonin/calcit ... Cite

An intrinsic adrenergic system in mammalian heart.

Journal Article J Clin Invest · September 15, 1996 We have identified a previously undescribed intrinsic cardiac adrenergic (ICA) cell type in rodent and human heart. Northern and Western blot analyses demonstrated that ICA cell isolates contain mRNA and protein of enzymes involved in catecholamine biosynt ... Full text Link to item Cite

Embryonic mouse lung epithelial progenitor cells co-express immunohistochemical markers of diverse mature cell lineages.

Journal Article J Histochem Cytochem · February 1996 Developmental expression of marker genes representative of different mature cell types can be used to study differentiation of cell lineages. We used immunohistochemistry to study expression in developing mouse lung of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Cells and Lung Development.

Journal Article Endocr Pathol · 1996 Pulmonary neuroendocrine cells produce bioactive peptides such as gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) at high levels in developing fetal lung. The role of GRP and other peptides in promoting branching morphogenesis, cell proliferation, and cell differentiation ... Full text Link to item Cite

Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) gene expression in the rat salivary gland.

Journal Article Mol Cell Endocrinol · November 30, 1995 Previous studies have indicated that following nutrient ingestion, GIP is released principally from the upper small intestine. In addition to its presence in the rat small intestine, GIP transcripts have also been localized to the submandibular salivary gl ... Full text Link to item Cite

Stromelysin-3 is overexpressed by stromal elements in primary non-small cell lung cancers and regulated by retinoic acid in pulmonary fibroblasts.

Journal Article Cancer Res · September 15, 1995 Stromelysin-3 (STR-3) is a recently characterized matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) that was cloned on the basis of differential expression in benign and malignant breast tumors. This MMP has a unique processing mechanism and substrate specificity. Unlike pre ... Link to item Cite

Differential display RT-PCR for identifying novel gene expression in the lung.

Journal Article Am J Physiol · September 1995 The unique identity of each cell is the result of differential gene expression. A new strategy for differential cDNA screening introduced by Liang and Pardee utilizes anchored oligo-dT primers and random 5' oligonucleotide 10-mers to carry out polymerase c ... Full text Link to item Cite

Histochemical characterization of non-neuroendocrine tumors and neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia induced in hamster lung by 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone with or without hyperoxia.

Journal Article Am J Pathol · September 1995 Lung tumors induced by 4-(methylnitrosamine)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) with or without hyperoxia have frequent K-ras mutations but only rare p53 mutations, suggesting that this may be a model for non-small cell lung cancers. The goals of the present s ... Link to item Cite

Bombesin and [Leu8]phyllolitorin promote fetal mouse lung branching morphogenesis via a receptor-mediated mechanism.

Journal Article Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · May 9, 1995 Pulmonary neuroendocrine cells are localized predominantly at airway branchpoints. Previous work showed that gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP), a major pulmonary bombesin-like peptide, occurred in neuroendocrine cells exclusively in branching human fetal air ... Full text Link to item Cite

CD10/NEP in non-small cell lung carcinomas. Relationship to cellular proliferation.

Journal Article J Clin Invest · November 1994 The cell surface metalloproteinase CD10/neutral endopeptidase 24.11 (NEP) hydrolyzes a variety of peptide substrates and reduces cellular responses to specific peptide hormones. Because CD10/NEP modulates peptide-mediated proliferation of small cell carcin ... Full text Link to item Cite

Modulation of oncogene and tumor suppressor gene expression in a hamster model of chronic lung injury with varying degrees of pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia.

Journal Article Lab Invest · June 1994 BACKGROUND: Intense pulmonary neuroendocrine cell (PNEC) hyperplasia occurs during preneoplastic lung injury in hamsters treated with diethylnitrosamine (DEN) plus hyperoxia. Alterations in oncogene and tumor suppressor gene expression during this process ... Link to item Cite

CD10/neutral endopeptidase 24.11 regulates fetal lung growth and maturation in utero by potentiating endogenous bombesin-like peptides.

Journal Article J Clin Invest · May 1993 Bombesin-like peptides (BLPs) are mitogens for bronchial epithelial cells and small cell lung carcinomas, and increase fetal lung growth and maturation in utero and in organ cultures. BLPs are hydrolyzed by the enzyme CD10/neutral endopeptidase 24.11 (CD10 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Anti-bombesin monoclonal antibodies modulate fetal mouse lung growth and maturation in utero and in organ cultures.

Journal Article Anat Rec · May 1993 Fetal pulmonary neuroendocrine cells (PNECs) contain abundant gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP, mammalian bombesin-like peptide [BLP]). Previously, addition of bombesin resulted in increased fetal lung growth and maturation in utero and in organ cultures. A ... Full text Link to item Cite

Role of airway smooth muscle in asthma: Possible relation to the neuroendocrine system

Journal Article Anatomical Record · 1993 Though not yet firmly established, it appears likely that the neuroendocrine system (NES) regulates airway smooth muscle function. As it is the latter which is altered in asthma, the importance of the role of the NES in this disease is clear. The fact that ... Cite

Paracrine effects of bombesin/gastrin-releasing peptide and other growth factors on pulmonary neuroendocrine cells in vitro

Journal Article Anatomical Record · 1993 Pulmonary neuroendocrine cells (PNEC) are numerous in the fetus where they have been implicated to have a role in fetal lung development. We assessed the effects of putative growth factors, gastrin releasing peptide (GRP), cholecystokinin (CCK), gastrin (G ... Cite

Pulmonary neuroendocrine cells in species at high altitude

Journal Article Anatomical Record · 1993 Ever since pulmonary neuroendocrine cells were first described, a chemoreceptor function has been attributed to them. This hypothesis proposes that the innervated clusters of these cells, which are known to degranulate when the oxygen tension around them i ... Cite

Neuroepithelial bodies and growth of the airway epithelium in developing hamster lung

Journal Article Anatomical Record · 1993 Clusters of small-granule endocrine cells, neuroepithelial bodies (NEBs), appear in the airway lining of pseudoglandular lungs, but their prenatal function has remained obscure. Transplacental labeling of S-phase cells in Syrian golden hamsters has allowed ... Cite

Pulmonary neuroendocrine cells in pediatric lung disease: Alterations in airway structure in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Journal Article Anatomical Record · 1993 Despite four decades of investigation, the function of pulmonary neuroendocrine cells (NEC) remains unclear. Since NEC secretory products3 may influence airway growth or differentiation or alter airway smooth muscle tone, increased numbers of NEC seen in b ... Cite

Neuroendocrine cells and nerves of the lung

Journal Article Anatomical Record · 1993 Cite

CD10/neutral endopeptidase 24.11 in developing human fetal lung. Patterns of expression and modulation of peptide-mediated proliferation.

Journal Article J Clin Invest · December 1992 The cell membrane-associated enzyme CD10/neutral endopeptidase 24.11 (CD10/NEP) functions in multiple organ systems to downregulate responses to peptide hormones. Recently, CD10/NEP was found to hydrolyze bombesin-like peptides (BLP), which are mitogens fo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Induction and spontaneous regression of intense pulmonary neuroendocrine cell differentiation in a model of preneoplastic lung injury.

Journal Article Cancer Res · May 1, 1992 Pulmonary neuroendocrine cell (PNEC) hyperplasia is associated with chronic lung diseases in humans, where it is thought to play a role in reparative responses to lung injury. To investigate the kinetics of strongly induced PNEC hyperplasia in an animal mo ... Link to item Cite

Induction and spontaneous regression of intense pulmonary neuroendocrine cell differentiation in a model of preneoplastic lung injury

Journal Article Cancer Research · May 1, 1992 Pulmonary neuroendocrine cell (PNEC) hyperplasia is associated with chronic lung diseases in humans, where it is thought to play a role in reparative responses to lung injury. To investigate the kinetics of strongly induced PNEC hyperplasia in an animal mo ... Cite

Isoform-specific thyroid hormone receptor antibodies detect multiple thyroid hormone receptors in rat and human pituitaries.

Journal Article Endocrinology · March 1992 There are three known isoforms of the thyroid hormone receptor (TR) in the rat: TR alpha-1, TR beta-1, and TR beta-2. The TR alpha-1 and TR beta-1 mRNAs are found in many tissues, whereas TR beta-2 mRNA is detected only in the pituitary gland. Thus far, TR ... Full text Link to item Cite

CD10/neutral endopeptidase 24.11 hydrolyzes bombesin-like peptides and regulates the growth of small cell carcinomas of the lung.

Journal Article Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · December 1, 1991 Bombesin-like peptides are essential autocrine growth factors for many small cell carcinomas (SCCas) of the lung. Herein, we demonstrate that these malignant pulmonary neuroendocrine cells express low levels of the cell surface metalloendopeptidase CD10/ne ... Full text Link to item Cite

Gastrin-releasing peptide gene expression in small cell and large cell undifferentiated lung carcinomas.

Journal Article Hum Pathol · October 1991 Gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP; mammalian bombesin) is present in the neuroendocrine cells of human fetal lung and in small cell lung carcinomas (SCLCs), where it may act as a growth factor. Considering the potential importance of GRP as a tumor marker, we ... Full text Link to item Cite

Suppression of tumor formation in vivo by expression of the JE gene in malignant cells.

Journal Article Mol Cell Biol · June 1991 The early growth response gene JE encodes a monocyte chemoattractant, MCP-1. The JE/MCP-1 protein attracts and stimulates human monocytes and induces monocyte-mediated inhibition of tumor cell growth in vitro. Expression of human or murine JE/MCP-1 in Chin ... Full text Link to item Cite

Bombesin increases fetal lung growth and maturation in utero and in organ culture.

Journal Article Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol · September 1990 Pulmonary neuroendocrine cells (PNECs) in fetuses synthesize gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP, or mammalian bombesin) at high levels, but the role of this hormone in lung development has been obscure. The present study demonstrates that bombesin administered ... Full text Link to item Cite

Altered growth of a human neuroendocrine carcinoma line after transfection of a major histocompatibility complex class I gene.

Journal Article Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · June 1989 The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules are known to serve as recognition elements for cytotoxic T cells in mediating the rejection of transplanted tumors. We demonstrate that MHC molecules may have nonimmune functions in modulating tu ... Full text Link to item Cite

Galanin is an estrogen-inducible, secretory product of the rat anterior pituitary.

Journal Article Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · October 1988 Galanin is a peptide widely distributed throughout vertebrate central and peripheral nervous systems. Although its precise physiologic role is unknown, it can stimulate the pituitary secretion of prolactin and growth hormone. We examined the control of rat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Gastrin-releasing peptide gene expression in developing, hyperplastic, and neoplastic human thyroid C-cells.

Journal Article Endocrinology · April 1988 Gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP), the mammalian homolog of bombesin, is often studied as a prototypic neuroregulatory hormone and growth factor, but its own regulation and physiological roles remain to be fully defined. We now demonstrate that the GRP gene ... Full text Link to item Cite

Transient elevation of messenger RNA encoding gastrin-releasing peptide, a putative pulmonary growth factor in human fetal lung.

Journal Article J Clin Invest · October 1987 Gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP), the mammalian homologue of the amphibian peptide bombesin, is present in pulmonary neuroendocrine cells and appears to be a growth factor for both normal and neoplastic pulmonary cells. Previously we have reported the cloni ... Full text Link to item Cite

Platelet-derived growth factor receptors form a high affinity state in membrane preparations. Kinetics and affinity cross-linking studies.

Journal Article J Biol Chem · April 25, 1984 The specific binding of 125I-PDGF (platelet-derived growth factor) to intact fibroblasts becomes relatively nondissociable during incubation at 37 degrees C. To characterize the interaction of PDGF with its receptors under conditions in which there is no r ... Link to item Cite

Induction of immune responses by schistosome granuloma macrophages.

Journal Article J Immunol · May 1983 In mice, granuloma formation after Schistosomiasis mansoni infection is known to be a T cell-dependent response to schistosome eggs that peaks at 6 to 8 wk after infection (early) then regresses to a minimum by 20 to 32 wk (late). This decline in host resp ... Link to item Cite

Anti-receptor antibody-induced H-Y-specific delayed-type hypersensitivity responses in nonresponder mice.

Journal Article J Immunol · April 1983 The present study examines an antiserum prepared against antigen-reactive T cells that induces murine H-Y-specific delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses. This anti-H-Y receptor antibody (ARA) was raised in C57BL/6 male mice against splenic T lympho ... Link to item Cite

Hapten-specific T cell response to 4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl acetyl. X. Characterization of distinct T cell subsets mediating cutaneous sensitivity responses.

Journal Article J Immunol · August 1981 NP-O-Succinimide-induced cutaneous sensitivity (CS) responses can be adoptively transferred by NP-primed lymphoid cells into naive K-, I-, or D-compatible recipients. The distinct fine specificities of I- versus D-restricted T cell clones from various stra ... Link to item Cite

Anti-receptor antibody-induced suppression of murine H-Y-specific delayed-type hypersensitivity responses.

Journal Article Eur J Immunol · August 1981 A putative anti-H-Y receptor antiserum (ARA) was raised in C57BL/6 male mice against splenic T lymphocytes from syngeneic females immunized against H-Y antigen. When this antiserum is given i.v. to C57BL/6 females it prevents the expression of H-Y-specific ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hapten-specific T cell responses to 4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl acetyl. VIII. Suppressor cell pathways in cutaneous sensitivity responses.

Journal Article J Exp Med · April 1, 1981 In the current study, we examine the mechanism of suppression of cutaneous sensitivity (CS) responses to 4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl acetyl succinimide ester. Intravenous administration of haptenated syngeneic spleen cells induces a state of hapten-specific to ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hapten-specific T cell responses to 4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl acetyl. VI. Evidence for different T cell receptors in cells that mediate H-21-restricted and H-2D-restricted cutaneous sensitivity responses.

Journal Article J Exp Med · December 1, 1980 We have previously shown that cross-reactive sensitivity (CS) responses induced by 4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl acetyl-O-succinimide (NP-O-Su) and elicited by its 5-iodo analogue, 4-hydroxy-5-iodo-3-nitrophenyl acetyl-O-succinimide were observed in strains of m ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hapten-specific T cell responses to 4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl acetyl.

Journal Article J Immunol · October 1980 The primary anti-(4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)acetyl (NP) antibody response is known to have a heteroclitic fine specificity, i.e., anti-NP antibodies bind (4-hydroxy-5-iodo-3-nitrophenyl)acetyl (NIP) with greater affinity than NP itself. Past studies of NP-sp ... Link to item Cite

Hapten-specific T cell responses to 4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl acetyl. IV. Specificity of cutaneous sensitivity responses

Journal Article Journal of Immunology · January 1, 1980 The primary anti-(4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)acetyl (NP) antibody response is known to have a heteroclitic fine specificity, i.e., anti-NP antibodies bind (4-hydroxy-5-iodo-3-nitrophenyl)acetyl (NIP) with greater affinity than NP itself. Past studies of NP-sp ... Cite