Journal ArticleMethods Mol Biol · 2025
The role of shear stress in regulating aqueous humor (AH) outflow and intraocular pressure (IOP) in the trabecular meshwork (TM) and Schlemm's canal (SC) of the eye is an emerging field. Shear stress has been shown to activate mechanosensitive ion channels ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleCell Death Dis · August 24, 2023
Glaucoma is a group of diseases that leads to chronic degeneration of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons and progressive loss of RGCs, resulting in vision loss. While aging and elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) have been identified as the main contributin ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleAutophagy · February 2023
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of visual impairment in the aging population with limited understanding of its pathogenesis and a lack of effective treatment. The progression of AMD is initially characterized by atrophic alterat ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleAutophagy Rep · 2023
Autophagy is a catabolic self-degradative pathway that promotes the degradation and recycling of intracellular material through the lysosomal compartment. Although first believed to function in conditions of nutritional stress, autophagy is emerging as a c ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleAutophagy Rep · 2023
The Schlemm's canal (SC) is a circular, lymphatic-like vessel located at the limbus of the eye that participates in the regulation of aqueous humor drainage to control intraocular pressure (IOP). Circumferential flow of aqueous humor within the SC lumen ge ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Chapter · 2023
Autophagy is a fundamental catabolic process whereby excessive or damaged cytoplasmic components are degraded through lysosomes to maintain cellular homeostasis. Studies of mTOR signaling have revealed that mTOR controls biomass generation and metabolism b ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleProg Retin Eye Res · September 2022
During the last few years, the autophagy lysosomal system is emerging as a central cellular pathway with roles in survival, acting as a housekeeper and stress response mechanism. Studies by our and other labs suggest that autophagy might play an essential ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleInvest Ophthalmol Vis Sci · February 1, 2022
Due to their similarities in anatomy, physiology, and pharmacology to humans, mice are a valuable model system to study the generation and mechanisms modulating conventional outflow resistance and thus intraocular pressure. In addition, mouse models are cr ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleInvest Ophthalmol Vis Sci · September 2, 2021
PURPOSE: The Slc4a11 knock out (KO) mouse model recapitulates the human disease phenotype associated with congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy (CHED). Increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the Slc4a11 KO mouse model is a major cau ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleProc Natl Acad Sci U S A · March 30, 2021
Activation of autophagy is one of the responses elicited by high intraocular pressure (IOP) and mechanical stretch in trabecular meshwork (TM) cells. However, the mechanosensor and the molecular mechanisms by which autophagy is induced by mechanical stretc ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleAutophagy · January 2021
In 2008, we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, this topic has received increasing attention, and many scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been ...
Full textCite
Journal ArticleJ Clin Med · December 28, 2020
Extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition in the trabecular meshwork (TM) is one of the hallmarks of glaucoma, a group of human diseases and leading cause of permanent blindness. The molecular mechanisms underlying ECM deposition in the glaucomatous TM are not ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleInvest Ophthalmol Vis Sci · August 3, 2020
PURPOSE: To investigate autophagy in the outflow pathway and ganglion cell layer in the aging and ocular hypertensive mouse. METHODS: Both 4-month-old and 18-month-old C57BL/6J and GFP-LC3 mice were subjected to unilateral injection of hypertonic saline in ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleAdv Biosyst · August 2020
Cell engineering relies heavily on viral vectors for the delivery of molecular cargo into cells due to their superior efficiency compared to nonviral ones. However, viruses are immunogenic and expensive to manufacture, and have limited delivery capacity. N ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleAutophagy · July 2020
UNLABELLED: The trabecular meshwork (TM) is a key regulatory tissue of intraocular pressure (IOP) in the anterior chamber of eye. Dysfunction of the TM causes resistance to outflow of aqueous humor, which in turn leads to elevated IOP, a main risk factor o ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleSci Rep · November 6, 2019
The trabecular meshwork (TM) is a specialized ocular tissue, which is responsible, together with the Schlemm's canal (SC), for maintaining appropriate levels of intraocular pressure. Dysfunction of these tissues leads to ocular hypertension and increases t ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleExp Eye Res · June 2018
Cultured trabecular meshwork (TM) cells are a valuable model system to study the cellular mechanisms involved in the regulation of conventional outflow resistance and thus intraocular pressure; and their dysfunction resulting in ocular hypertension. In thi ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleCell Death Discov · 2018
Glaucoma is a progressive optic neuropathy characterized by axonal degeneration and retinal ganglion cells loss. Several factors have been postulated to play a role in glaucoma, elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) being the best well-known causative factor ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleSci Rep · July 27, 2017
Human corneal endothelial cells (HCEnCs) are terminally differentiated cells that have limited regenerative potential. The large numbers of mitochondria in HCEnCs are critical for pump and barrier function required for corneal hydration and transparency. F ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleVirus Res · May 15, 2017
Measles virus (MV) remains a leading cause of vaccine-preventable deaths in children. Protection against MV is associated with neutralizing antibodies that preferentially recognize the viral hemagglutinin (MV-H), and to a lesser extent, the fusion protein ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleExp Eye Res · May 2017
Because of elevations in IOP and other forces, cells in the trabecular meshwork (TM) are constantly subjected to mechanical strain. In order to preserve cellular function and regain homeostasis, cells must sense and adapt to these morphological changes. We ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleMol Ther · March 1, 2017
Electrotransfection is a widely used method for delivering genes into cells with electric pulses. Although different hypotheses have been proposed, the mechanism of electrotransfection remains controversial. Previous studies have indicated that uptake and ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleJ Ocul Pharmacol Ther · April 2016
PURPOSE: Although essential for development of ocular therapeutics, the quality and quantity of human donor eyes for research have been on the decline. To streamline procurement protocols, provide better medical documentation of tissue, and improve freshne ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleExp Eye Res · March 2016
Malfunction of the trabecular meshwork (TM)/schlemm's canal (SC) conventional outflow pathway is associated with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) and, therefore, increased risk of developing glaucoma, a potentially blinding disease affecting more than 7 ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleBiochim Biophys Acta · March 2015
Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) is a degenerative disease commonly associated with aging and elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). Higher resistance to aqueous humor (AH) outflow through the trabecular meshwork (TM) generates the elevated IOP in POAG; un ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleBiochim Biophys Acta · June 2014
The trabecular meshwork (TM) is part of a complex tissue that controls the exit of aqueous humor from the anterior chamber of the eye, and therefore helps maintaining intraocular pressure (IOP). Because of variations in IOP with changing pressure gradients ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleJ Ocul Pharmacol Ther · 2014
PURPOSE: To investigate the antioxidant properties and biological functions of ascorbic acid (AA) on trabecular meshwork (TM) cells. METHODS: Primary cultures of porcine TM cells were supplemented for 10 days with increasing concentrations of AA. Antioxida ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleInvest Ophthalmol Vis Sci · July 24, 2013
PURPOSE: To investigate the roles of αvβ3 and αvβ5 integrins in phagocytosis in human trabecular meshwork (HTM) cells. METHODS: Immunofluorescence microscopy and FACS analysis were used to determine levels of αvβ3 and αvβ5 integrins in TM tissue and cultur ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleAutophagy · April 2013
Increasing evidence suggests oxidative damage as a key factor contributing to the failure of the conventional outflow pathway tissue to maintain appropriate levels of intraocular pressure, and thus increase the risk for developing glaucoma, a late-onset di ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticlePLoS One · 2013
Cells in the trabecular meshwork (TM), a tissue responsible for draining aqueous humor out of the eye, are known to be highly phagocytic. Phagocytic activity in TM cells is thought to play an important role in outflow pathway physiology. However, the molec ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleAutophagy · April 2012
In 2008 we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, research on this topic has continued to accelerate, and many new scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticlePLoS One · 2012
BACKGROUND: Cells in the trabecular meshwork (TM), the tissue responsible for draining aqueous humor out of the eye, are known to be highly phagocytic. Phagocytic function in TM cells is thought to play an important role in the normal functioning of the ou ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleInvest Ophthalmol Vis Sci · December 2010
Featured Publication
PURPOSE: To investigate the role of intralysosomal redox-active iron in oxidative stress-induced damage in trabecular meshwork (TM) cells. METHODS: Chronic oxidative stress was applied using the hyperoxic model; acute oxidative stress was applied with H(2) ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleExp Eye Res · April 2009
Featured Publication
The molecular mechanisms contributing to the progressive malfunction of the trabecular meshwork (TM)/Schlemm's canal (SC) conventional outflow pathway during aging and in Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG) are still poorly understood. Progressive accumulat ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleFood Chem Toxicol · January 2009
Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) constitutes the best characterized risk for primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Elevated IOP is believed to result from an increase in aqueous humor outflow resistance at the level of the trabecular meshwork (TM)/Schlemm ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleMol Vis · 2009
PURPOSE: To investigate the relationship between transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in human trabecular meshwork (HTM) cells as well as to identify the signaling pathway/s involved in the increased IL-6 expression that o ...
Link to itemCite
Journal ArticleMol Vis · 2009
PURPOSE: To investigate the changes in gene expression induced by cyclic mechanical stress (CMS) in trabecular meshwork (TM) cells. METHODS: Human TM cultures from three donors were plated on type I collagen-coated flexible silicone bottom plates and subje ...
Link to itemCite
Journal ArticleAutophagy · January 2009
Featured Publication
Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) is a late onset disease usually accompanied by elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) that results from the failure of the trabecular meshwork (TM) to maintain normal levels of aqueous humor outflow resistance. Cells in the ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleInvest Ophthalmol Vis Sci · September 2008
Featured Publication
PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of chronic oxidative stress on lysosomal function in trabecular meshwork (TM) cells. METHODS: Confluent cultures of porcine TM cells were grown for 2 weeks in physiological (5% O(2)) or hyperoxic conditions (40% O(2)) in ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleJ Glaucoma · August 2008
Featured Publication
The trabecular meshwork (TM) is known to be subjected to different types of stress such as mechanical, oxidative, and phagocytic stress. Although short-term exposure to these stresses is expected to elicit adaptive responses, long-term exposure may lead to ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleMol Vis · December 17, 2007
PURPOSE: To investigate the mechanisms by which chronic oxidative stress may lead to a sustained stress response similar to that previously observed in the trabecular meshwork (TM) of glaucoma donors. METHODS: Porcine TM cells were treated with 200 microM ...
Link to itemCite
Journal ArticleMol Vis · October 16, 2007
PURPOSE: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the potential release of ATP that is mediated by mechanical stress on trabecular meshwork (TM) cells, to identify the specific P2Y receptors mediating the ATP response, and to determine whether cellula ...
Link to itemCite
Journal ArticleMol Vis · January 16, 2007
PURPOSE: To determine whether the overexpression of the proteasome catalytic beta5 subunit (PSMB5) can induce the expression of the catalytic subunits beta1 and beta2, enhance proteasome activity, and exert a cytoprotective effect in lens epithelial cells. ...
Link to itemCite
Journal ArticleMol Vis · July 12, 2006
Featured Publication
PURPOSE: To contrast genome-wide gene expression profiles of cultured human trabecular meshwork (HTM) cells to that of control and primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) HTM tissues. METHODS: Cultured HTM cells, HTM tissue dissected from control donors, and HT ...
Link to itemCite
Journal ArticleExp Eye Res · June 2006
Featured Publication
It has been observed in several tissues that direct isolation of cells in serum-free media and on nonadhesive substrates results in the formation of spherical clusters of cells known as free-floating spheres. Such free-floating spheres have been hypothesiz ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleBiochem Biophys Res Commun · December 2, 2005
The trabecular meshwork (TM)/Schlemm's canal (SC) outflow pathway is the tissue responsible for maintaining normal levels of intraocular pressure. In the present study, we investigate the effects of mechanical stress on the expression of IL-6 in the TM mes ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleJ Cell Physiol · December 2005
Featured Publication
The pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the failure of the trabecular meshwork (TM) to maintain normal levels of aqueous outflow in glaucoma are not yet understood. Aberrant activation of the transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta1) pathway has ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleMol Vis · June 21, 2005
PURPOSE: To study the in vivo efficiency of lentiviral vectors in delivering genes to the trabecular meshwork (TM) of rodent eyes. METHODS: Lentiviral vectors were constructed using the elongation factor 1 alpha (EF-1alpha) promoter driving expression of t ...
Link to itemCite
Journal ArticleExp Gerontol · 2005
Featured Publication
The mechanisms responsible for the progressive malfunction of the trabecular meshwork (TM)-Schlemm's canal (SC) conventional outflow pathway tissue in primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) are still not fully understood. To determine whether POAG is character ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleInvest Ophthalmol Vis Sci · January 2005
Featured Publication
PURPOSE: To compare the gene expression profile of trabecular meshwork (TM) and Schlemm's canal (SC) primary cultures and to identify promoters for targeting gene expression to specific cells in the outflow pathway. METHODS: The differential gene expressio ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleBiochem Biophys Res Commun · October 22, 2004
The mechanisms involved in the progressive malfunction of the trabecular meshwork (TM) in glaucoma are not yet understood. To study age-related changes in human TM cells, we isolated primary TM cell cultures from young (ages 9, 14, and 25) and old (ages 66 ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleInvest Ophthalmol Vis Sci · May 2004
PURPOSE: To test the ability of promoter fragments from the matrix Gla protein (MGP) and vascular endothelial-cadherin (VE-cad) genes to target gene expression in a specific manner in the cells of the outflow pathway, by using adenoviral-mediated gene tran ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleBiochem Biophys Res Commun · August 22, 2003
The pathophysiologic mechanisms leading to the malfunction of the trabecular meshwork (TM)-Schlemm's canal (SC) outflow pathway in glaucoma are still unclear. We hypothesize that chronic oxidative stress may contribute to the malfunction of the outflow pat ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleJ Virol · May 2000
Laboratory strains of measles viruses (MV), such as Edmonston and Halle, use the complement regulatory protein CD46 as a cell surface receptor. The receptor usage of clinical isolates of MV, however, remains unclear. Receptor usage by primary patient isola ...
Full textLink to itemCite