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Connie Watkins Bales

Professor in Medicine
Medicine, Geriatrics and Palliative Care
Duke Box 3003, Durham, NC 27710
2508 Busse Bldg, Durham, NC 27710

Selected Publications


Changes in weight and physical function for older African American women in Take Off Pounds Sensibly (TOPS): Study protocol for a randomized clinical trial.

Journal Article Contemp Clin Trials · January 18, 2025 BACKGROUND: Obesity and frailty are positively linked. Compared to other groups, older African American women have the highest rates of both obesity and frailty. Several academic weight loss interventions have shown that older adults can lose weight and im ... Full text Link to item Cite

Feasibility of two levels of protein intake in patients with colorectal cancer: findings from the Protein Recommendation to Increase Muscle (PRIMe) randomized controlled pilot trial.

Journal Article ESMO Open · July 2024 BACKGROUND: Low muscle mass (MM) predicts unfavorable outcomes in cancer. Protein intake supports muscle health, but oncologic recommendations are not well characterized. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the feasibility of dietary change to at ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of Remotely Supervised Weight Loss and Exercise Training Versus Lifestyle Counseling on Cardiovascular Risk and Clinical Outcomes in Older Adults With Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Journal Article ACR Open Rheumatol · March 2024 OBJECTIVE: To compare a remotely supervised weight loss and exercise intervention to lifestyle counseling for effects on cardiovascular disease risk, disease activity, and patient-reported outcomes in older patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and overw ... Full text Link to item Cite

The effects of a 6-month weight loss intervention on physical function and serum biomarkers in older adults with and without osteoarthritis.

Journal Article Osteoarthr Cartil Open · September 2023 OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of a 6-month weight loss intervention on physical function, inflammatory biomarkers, and metabolic biomarkers in both those with and without osteoarthritis (OA). DESIGN: 59 individuals ≥60 years old with obesity and a func ... Full text Link to item Cite

Remotely Supervised Weight Loss and Exercise Training to Improve Rheumatoid Arthritis Cardiovascular Risk: Rationale and Design of the Supervised Weight Loss Plus Exercise Training-Rheumatoid Arthritis Trial.

Journal Article ACR Open Rheumatol · May 2023 Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remain at an increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality. RA CVD results from a combination of traditional risk factors and RA-related systemic inflammation. One hypothetical means of improving over ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Effects of exercise amount and intensity versus a combined exercise and lifestyle intervention on metabolic syndrome in adults with prediabetes: a STRRIDE-PD randomized trial.

Journal Article Front Physiol · 2023 The purpose of this secondary analysis was to determine what portion of the effects of a Diabetes Prevention Program-like intervention on metabolic syndrome (MetS) could be achieved with exercise alone, as well as to determine the relative importance of ex ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Mediterranean diet scoring systems: understanding the evolution and applications for Mediterranean and non-Mediterranean countries.

Journal Article Br J Nutr · October 14, 2022 The Mediterranean diet (MedD) is a flexible dietary pattern which has such variability that has led to inconsistencies in definitions and assessment. The purpose of this narrative review is to evaluate scoring systems in a cultural and geographic context, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Nutritional quality of calorie restricted diets in the CALERIE™ 1 trial.

Journal Article Exp Gerontol · August 2022 OBJECTIVES: The aim was to determine the nutritional adequacy of calorie restricted (CR) diets during CR interventions up to 12 months. METHODS: The Comprehensive Assessment of Long-Term Effects of Reducing Intake of Energy (CALERIE™) phase 1 trial consist ... Full text Link to item Cite

Vitamins and minerals

Chapter · February 18, 2022 Essential vitamins and minerals are also known as micronutrients. They are uniquely required for essential biological and structural functions in the body, including as hormones, antioxidants, and enzyme cofactors and for one-carbon metabolism and DNA synt ... Full text Cite

Amount and intensity effects of exercise training alone versus a combined diet and exercise lifestyle intervention on health-related quality of life in the STRRIDE-PD randomized trial.

Journal Article BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care · January 2022 INTRODUCTION: To determine the relative contributions of various amounts and intensities of exercise alone to a combined lifestyle intervention on health-related quality of life (HrQoL) measures. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Participants (n=162) were seden ... Full text Link to item Cite

Nutrition and Aging: Meeting the Unique Needs of Older Adults

Chapter · January 1, 2022 Optimal nutrition is an essential element for the quality of life and health in older adults. Energy needs and thus food intake decrease with age, while requirements for other nutrients remain stable or increase. Thus, older adults are at greater risk for ... Full text Cite

Diet quality and exercise in older veterans with PTSD: a pilot study.

Journal Article Transl Behav Med · December 14, 2021 Older veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are at increased risk of obesity and cardiometabolic disease. Physical activity and healthy eating are two behaviors that impact health, functional independence, and disease risk in later life, yet f ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Protein Recommendation to Increase Muscle (PRIMe): Study protocol for a randomized controlled pilot trial investigating the feasibility of a high protein diet to halt loss of muscle mass in patients with colorectal cancer.

Journal Article Clin Nutr ESPEN · February 2021 BACKGROUND: Severe muscle mass (MM) loss is a defining feature of cancer observed across all types and stages of disease and is an independent predictor of poor clinical outcomes including higher incidences of chemotherapy toxicity and decreased survival. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of Amount, Intensity, and Mode of Exercise Training on Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes Risk in the STRRIDE Randomized Trials.

Journal Article Front Physiol · 2021 BACKGROUND: Lipoprotein Insulin Resistance Index (LP-IR) and Diabetes Risk Index are novel spectroscopic multimarkers of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes risk. As the Studies of a Targeted Risk Reduction Intervention through Defined Exercise (STRRIDE ... Full text Link to item Cite

Rationale and Design for a Higher (Dairy) Protein Weight Loss Intervention That Promotes Muscle Quality and Bone Health in Older Adults with Obesity: A Randomized, Controlled Pilot Study.

Journal Article J Nutr Gerontol Geriatr · 2021 In contrast to recommendations for young and middle-aged adults, intentional weight loss among older adults remains controversial and is inconsistently advised. Recent research suggests that a higher protein diet can mitigate loss of lean mass during perio ... Full text Link to item Cite

Abstract P177: Effects of Gender, Race, and Glucose Tolerance on Lipoprotein Insulin Resistance Index Responses to Exercise Training

Conference Circulation · March 3, 2020 Introduction: Lipoprotein Insulin Resistance Index (LP-IR) is a novel spectroscopic multimarker linked to future diabetes risk. We recently assessed changes in LP-IR across the three STRRIDE trials, w ... Full text Cite

Influence of Weight Reduction and Enhanced Protein Intake on Biomarkers of Inflammation in Older Adults with Obesity.

Journal Article J Nutr Gerontol Geriatr · 2019 Both aging and obesity are associated with increased levels of pro-inflammatory metabolites, while weight reduction is associated with improvements in inflammatory status. However, few studies have explored the response of key inflammatory markers to the c ... Full text Link to item Cite

Impact on cardiometabolic risk of a weight loss intervention with higher protein from lean red meat: Combined results of 2 randomized controlled trials in obese middle-aged and older adults.

Journal Article J Clin Lipidol · 2019 BACKGROUND: The recognized benefits of a higher protein diet on muscle mass and strength in older adults are tempered by concerns of the potentially negative cardiometabolic impact of dietary sources of animal protein. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was ... Full text Link to item Cite

Obesity Interventions for Older Adults: Diet as a Determinant of Physical Function.

Journal Article Adv Nutr · March 1, 2018 Throughout the world, a high prevalence of obesity in older populations has created a new phenotype of frailty: the obese, functionally frail older adult. The convergence of the obesity epidemic with global graying will undoubtedly increase the prevalence ... Full text Link to item Cite

Markers of Renal Function in Older Adults Completing a Higher Protein Obesity Intervention and One Year Later: Findings from the MEASUR-UP Trial.

Journal Article J Nutr Gerontol Geriatr · 2018 Increases in rates of obesity in the older population are hastening the development of chronic illnesses, including chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, obesity reduction in older adults is besought with concerns about the long-term benefit/risk, especia ... Full text Link to item Cite

Quality of Life and Mental Health in Older Adults with Obesity and Frailty: Associations with a Weight Loss Intervention.

Journal Article J Nutr Health Aging · 2018 OBJECTIVE: To examine the bi-directional associations of a weight loss intervention with quality of life and mental health in obese older adults with functional limitations. DESIGN: Combined-group analyses of secondary variables from the MEASUR-UP randomiz ... Full text Link to item Cite

Influence of Protein Intake, Race, and Age on Responses to a Weight-Reduction Intervention in Obese Women.

Journal Article Curr Dev Nutr · May 1, 2017 BACKGROUND: Women have higher rates of obesity than men and develop more pronounced functional deficits as a result. Yet, little is known about how obesity reduction affects their functional status, including whether their responses differ when protein int ... Full text Link to item Cite

Experimental Comparison of Efficacy for Three Handfeeding Techniques in Dementia.

Journal Article J Am Geriatr Soc · April 2017 BACKGROUND: Nursing home (NH) residents who require assistance during mealtimes are at risk for malnutrition. Supportive handfeeding is recommended, yet there is limited evidence supporting use of a specific handfeeding technique to increase meal intake. O ... Full text Link to item Cite

Body-composition changes in the Comprehensive Assessment of Long-term Effects of Reducing Intake of Energy (CALERIE)-2 study: a 2-y randomized controlled trial of calorie restriction in nonobese humans.

Journal Article Am J Clin Nutr · April 2017 Background: Calorie restriction (CR) retards aging and increases longevity in many animal models. However, it is unclear whether CR can be implemented in humans without adverse effects on body composition.Objective: We evaluated the effect of a 2-y CR regi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Association of the Composite Inflammatory Biomarker GlycA, with Exercise-Induced Changes in Body Habitus in Men and Women with Prediabetes.

Journal Article Oxid Med Cell Longev · 2017 GlycA is a new composite measure of systemic inflammation and a predictor of many inflammatory diseases. GlycA is the nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy-derived signal arising from glucosamine residues on acute-phase proteins. This study aimed to eval ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Veterans Affairs Geriatric Scholars Program: Enhancing Existing Primary Care Clinician Skills in Caring for Older Veterans.

Journal Article J Am Geriatr Soc · November 2016 The Veterans Affairs Geriatric Scholars Program (GSP) is a continuing professional development program to integrate geriatrics into the clinical practices of primary care providers and select associated health professions that support primary care teams. G ... Full text Link to item Cite

Improved Function With Enhanced Protein Intake per Meal: A Pilot Study of Weight Reduction in Frail, Obese Older Adults.

Journal Article J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci · October 2016 BACKGROUND: Obesity is a significant cause of functional limitations in older adults; yet, concerns that weight reduction could diminish muscle along with fat mass have impeded progress toward an intervention. Meal-based enhancement of protein intake could ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Effects of exercise training alone vs a combined exercise and nutritional lifestyle intervention on glucose homeostasis in prediabetic individuals: a randomised controlled trial.

Journal Article Diabetologia · October 2016 AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Although the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) established lifestyle changes (diet, exercise and weight loss) as the 'gold standard' preventive therapy for diabetes, the relative contribution of exercise alone to the overall utility of the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Challenges in the Management of Geriatric Obesity in High Risk Populations.

Journal Article Nutrients · May 4, 2016 The global prevalence of obesity in the older adult population is growing, an increasing concern in both the developed and developing countries of the world. The study of geriatric obesity and its management is a relatively new area of research, especially ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Effect of Two-Year Caloric Restriction on Bone Metabolism and Bone Mineral Density in Non-Obese Younger Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Journal Article J Bone Miner Res · January 2016 Although caloric restriction (CR) could delay biologic aging in humans, it is unclear if this would occur at the cost of significant bone loss. We evaluated the effect of prolonged CR on bone metabolism and bone mineral density (BMD) in healthy younger adu ... Full text Link to item Cite

Improved Function With Enhanced Protein Intake per Meal: A Pilot Study of Weight Reduction in Frail, Obese Older Adults

Journal Article JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES · 2016 Full text Cite

The Value of the Mediterranean Diet for Older Adults: Emphasis on Obesity Interventions

Chapter · January 1, 2016 The aim of this book chapter is to describe the beneficial properties of a Mediterranean diet in regard to healthy, overweight, and obese older adults, and to summarize the characteristics, prevalence, pathophysiology, impact, and controversial nature of l ... Full text Cite

Impact of combined resistance and aerobic exercise training on branched-chain amino acid turnover, glycine metabolism and insulin sensitivity in overweight humans.

Journal Article Diabetologia · October 2015 AIMS/HYPOTHESES: Obesity is associated with decreased insulin sensitivity (IS) and elevated plasma branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs). The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between BCAA metabolism and IS in overweight (OW) individua ... Full text Link to item Cite

Physical activity as a determinant of fasting and 2-h post-challenge glucose: a prospective cohort analysis of the NAVIGATOR trial.

Journal Article Diabet Med · August 2015 AIM: To investigate whether previous physical activity levels are associated with blood glucose levels in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance in the context of an international pharmaceutical trial. METHODS: Data were analysed from the NAVIGATOR tr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Excessive Body Weight in Older Adults.

Journal Article Clin Geriatr Med · August 2015 The health challenges prompted by obesity in the older adult population are poorly recognized and understudied. A defined treatment of geriatric obesity is difficult to establish, as it must take into account biological heterogeneity, age-related comorbidi ... Full text Link to item Cite

The effects of aerobic, resistance, and combination training on insulin sensitivity and secretion in overweight adults from STRRIDE AT/RT: a randomized trial.

Journal Article J Appl Physiol (1985) · June 15, 2015 Most health organizations recommend a combination of aerobic training (AT) and resistance training (RT), yet few studies have compared their acute (within 24 h of the last exercise bout) and sustained (after 14 days of no exercise training) effects alone a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Nutritional Vulnerability in Older Adults: A Continuum of Concerns.

Journal Article Curr Nutr Rep · June 2015 A nutritionally vulnerable older adult has a reduced physical reserve that limits the ability to mount a vigorous recovery in the face of an acute health threat or stressor. Often this vulnerability contributes to more medical complications, longer hospita ... Full text Link to item Cite

Handbook of clinical nutrition and aging, third edition

Chapter · January 1, 2015 This is the new and fully revised third edition of the well-received text that is the benchmark book in the field of nutrition and aging. The editors (specialists in geriatric nutrition, medical sociology, and clinical nutrition, respectively) and contribu ... Full text Cite

Meal-based enhancement of protein quality and quantity during weight loss in obese older adults with mobility limitations: rationale and design for the MEASUR-UP trial.

Journal Article Contemp Clin Trials · January 2015 Obese older adults with even modest functional limitations are at a disadvantage for maintaining their independence into late life. However, there is no established intervention for obesity in older individuals. The Measuring Eating, Activity, and Strength ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dementia-related mealtime difficulties: Assessment and management in the long-term care setting

Chapter · January 1, 2015 By the year 2050, the number of persons with dementia aged 65 and older in the United States is expected to increase from 5.4 to 16 million persons [1]. While most persons with dementia (PWD) prefer to be cared for in their home environment, as the disease ... Full text Cite

Preface

Journal Article Handbook of Clinical Nutrition and Aging, Third Edition · 2015 Full text Cite

Preface

Journal Article Nutrition and Health (United Kingdom) · January 1, 2015 Cite

Nutrition education in medical school: a time of opportunity.

Journal Article Am J Clin Nutr · May 2014 Undergraduate medical education has undergone significant changes in development of new curricula, new pedagogies, and new forms of assessment since the Nutrition Academic Award was launched more than a decade ago. With an emphasis on a competency-based cu ... Full text Link to item Cite

The need to advance nutrition education in the training of health care professionals and recommended research to evaluate implementation and effectiveness.

Journal Article Am J Clin Nutr · May 2014 Nutrition is a recognized determinant in 3 (ie, diseases of the heart, malignant neoplasms, cerebrovascular diseases) of the top 4 leading causes of death in the United States. However, many health care providers are not adequately trained to address lifes ... Full text Link to item Cite

Obesity and physical frailty in older adults: a scoping review of lifestyle intervention trials.

Journal Article J Am Med Dir Assoc · April 2014 Many frail older adults are thin, weak, and undernourished; this component of frailty remains a critical concern in the geriatric field. However, there is also strong evidence that excessive adiposity contributes to frailty by reducing the ability of older ... Full text Link to item Cite

Impact of baseline physical activity and diet behavior on metabolic syndrome in a pharmaceutical trial: results from NAVIGATOR.

Journal Article Metabolism · April 2014 OBJECTIVE: The cardiometabolic risk cluster metabolic syndrome (MS) includes ≥3 of elevated fasting glucose, hypertension, elevated triglycerides, reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), and increased waist circumference. Each can be affected ... Full text Link to item Cite

Association between change in daily ambulatory activity and cardiovascular events in people with impaired glucose tolerance (NAVIGATOR trial): a cohort analysis.

Journal Article Lancet · March 22, 2014 BACKGROUND: The extent to which change in physical activity can modify the risk of cardiovascular disease in individuals at high cardiovascular risk is uncertain. We investigated whether baseline and change in objectively-assessed ambulatory activity is as ... Full text Link to item Cite

A randomized controlled trial of a theoretically-based behavioral nutrition intervention for community elders: lessons learned from the Behavioral Nutrition Intervention for Community Elders Study.

Journal Article J Acad Nutr Diet · December 2013 Older adults with multiple comorbidities are often undernourished or at high risk for becoming so, especially after a recent hospitalization. Randomized controlled trials of effective, innovative interventions are needed to support evidence-based approache ... Full text Link to item Cite

Response from the editor.

Journal Article J Nutr Gerontol Geriatr · 2013 Link to item Cite

Caloric restriction: implications for human cardiometabolic health.

Journal Article J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev · 2013 PURPOSE: While the impact of caloric restriction on human health is not fully understood, there is strong evidence to support further studies of its influence on cardiovascular health. The purpose of this review was to update the state of the science by ex ... Full text Link to item Cite

Nutrition in older adults

Chapter · December 22, 2012 Cite

Effects of aerobic and/or resistance training on body mass and fat mass in overweight or obese adults.

Journal Article J Appl Physiol (1985) · December 15, 2012 Recent guidelines on exercise for weight loss and weight maintenance include resistance training as part of the exercise prescription. Yet few studies have compared the effects of similar amounts of aerobic and resistance training on body mass and fat mass ... Full text Link to item Cite

Clinical nutrition update 2012.

Journal Article Adv Nutr · November 1, 2012 Full text Link to item Cite

Aerobic and resistance training effects on energy intake: the STRRIDE-AT/RT study.

Journal Article Med Sci Sports Exerc · October 2012 PURPOSE: Our study characterizes food and energy intake responses to long-term aerobic training (AT) and resistance training (RT) during a controlled 8-month trial. METHODS: In the STRRIDE-AT/RT trial, overweight/obese sedentary dyslipidemic men and women ... Full text Link to item Cite

Exercise effects on lipids in persons with varying dietary patterns-does diet matter if they exercise? Responses in Studies of a Targeted Risk Reduction Intervention through Defined Exercise I.

Journal Article Am Heart J · July 2012 BACKGROUND: The standard clinical approach for reducing cardiovascular disease risk due to dyslipidemia is to prescribe changes in diet and physical activity. The purpose of the current study was to determine if, across a range of dietary patterns, there w ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of aerobic vs. resistance training on visceral and liver fat stores, liver enzymes, and insulin resistance by HOMA in overweight adults from STRRIDE AT/RT.

Journal Article Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab · November 2011 While the benefits of exercise are clear, many unresolved issues surround the optimal exercise prescription. Many organizations recommend aerobic training (AT) and resistance training (RT), yet few studies have compared their effects alone or in combinatio ... Full text Link to item Cite

The CALERIE Study: design and methods of an innovative 25% caloric restriction intervention.

Journal Article Contemp Clin Trials · November 2011 Animal studies have shown that life span is extended by caloric restriction (CR). This manuscript describes the design and methodology of an innovative CR intervention, which is the treatment arm of the CALERIE Study. This study is a multi-center, randomiz ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comparison of aerobic versus resistance exercise training effects on metabolic syndrome (from the Studies of a Targeted Risk Reduction Intervention Through Defined Exercise - STRRIDE-AT/RT).

Journal Article Am J Cardiol · September 15, 2011 Aerobic training (AT) improves the metabolic syndrome (MS) and its component risk factors; however, to our knowledge, no randomized clinical studies have addressed whether resistance training (RT) improves the MS when performed alone or combined with AT. S ... Full text Link to item Cite

A theoretically based Behavioral Nutrition Intervention for Community Elders at high risk: the B-NICE randomized controlled clinical trial.

Journal Article J Nutr Gerontol Geriatr · 2011 We conducted a study designed to evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of a multilevel self-management intervention to improve nutritional intake in a group of older adults receiving Medicare home health services who were at especially high risk for experi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Design and conduct of the CALERIE study: comprehensive assessment of the long-term effects of reducing intake of energy.

Journal Article J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci · January 2011 BACKGROUND: In a robust and consistent manner, sustained caloric restriction (CR) has been shown to retard the aging process in a variety of animal species. Nonhuman primate studies suggest that CR may have similar effects in longer-lived species. The CALE ... Full text Link to item Cite

Education partnerships between GRECCs and other VA organizations, Non-VA governmental agencies, academic medical centers, and centers of excellence.

Journal Article Gerontol Geriatr Educ · 2011 Gerontology and geriatrics are interdisciplinary professions. The quality of the care and services provided by the members of these professions depends upon the strength and integrity of the partnerships between the professionals working together. This art ... Full text Link to item Cite

Nutritional supplements for older adults: review and recommendations--Part II.

Journal Article J Nutr Elder · January 2010 The use of nutritional supplements (NS) with the intention of improving health and delaying age-related chronic disease is a common practice among older adults; however, randomized controlled trials have yielded mixed results regarding the likelihood that ... Full text Link to item Cite

What is the "right diet" for a healthy old age?

Journal Article J Nutr Elder · January 2010 Full text Link to item Cite

A Note from the Editor Perspectives for the future build on those of the past

Journal Article Journal of Nutrition for the Elderly · October 1, 2009 Full text Cite

A note from the editor: When food can be the enemy

Journal Article Journal of Nutrition for the Elderly · April 1, 2009 Full text Cite

Global Graying, Nutrition, and Disease Prevention: An Update on China and Future Priorities

Chapter · January 1, 2009 In accompaniment with a rapidly increasing proportion of older adults (global graying), the worldwide trend is toward illness and death due to chronic diseases rather than infectious ones.China has one of the most rapidly “graying” populations of any count ... Full text Cite

Minimizing the Impact of Complex Emergencies on Nutrition and Geriatric Health: Planning for Prevention is Key

Chapter · January 1, 2009 Complex emergencies (CEs) can occur anywhere and are defined as crisis situations that greatly elevate the risk to nutrition and overall health (morbidity and mortality) of older individuals in the affected area.In urban areas with high population densitie ... Full text Cite

Redefining Nutritional Frailty: Interventions for Weight Loss Due to Undernutrition

Chapter · January 1, 2009 Nutritional frailty is an unintentional, precipitous loss of both lean and fat mass resulting almost entirely from a reduction in food intake.Unintentional weight loss is associated with functional decline and increased mortality.Efforts to minimize nutrit ... Full text Cite

Preface

Journal Article Nutrition and Health (United Kingdom) · January 1, 2009 Cite

Body mass trajectory, energy balance, and weight loss as determinants of health and mortality in older adults.

Journal Article Obes Facts · 2009 The relationship between body mass (usually measured as BMI in kg/m(2)) and healthy longevity is a major focus of study in the nutrition and aging field. Over-nutrition now rivals frailty as the major nutritional concern; the number of older adults who are ... Full text Link to item Cite

Welcome to the New Journal of Nutrition for the Elderly

Journal Article Journal of Nutrition for the Elderly · January 1, 2009 Full text Cite

Nutritional supplements for older adults: review and recommendations-part I.

Journal Article J Nutr Elder · 2009 The majority of older adults take nutritional supplements (NS) to prevent deficiencies and/or because they are interested in the potential health promoting effects of these nutrients. This review explores the evidence of benefit for supplements of multivit ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cachexia: a new definition.

Journal Article Clin Nutr · December 2008 On December 13th and 14th a group of scientists and clinicians met in Washington, DC, for the cachexia consensus conference. At the present time, there is no widely agreed upon operational definition of cachexia. The lack of a definition accepted by clinic ... Full text Link to item Cite

Is obesity bad for older persons? A systematic review of the pros and cons of weight reduction in later life.

Journal Article J Am Med Dir Assoc · June 2008 OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this review was to describe the characteristics of late-life obesity, including prevalence, pathophysiology, and influences on morbidity and mortality. A second objective was to systematically review the empiric evidence on the e ... Full text Link to item Cite

Staying Healthy in Later Life

Journal Article · April 15, 2008 Full text Cite

Relationships between adipose tissue and cytokine responses to a randomized controlled exercise training intervention.

Journal Article Metabolism · April 2008 Adipose-derived cytokines play a prominent role in mediating the metabolic consequences of obesity and excess body fat. Given this, we hypothesized that alterations in adipose tissue stores incurred with exercise training would be reflected in changes in s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dietary carbohydrate intake and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in at-risk women and men.

Journal Article Am Heart J · November 2007 BACKGROUND: The quality and quantity of dietary carbohydrate intake, measured as dietary glycemic load (GL), are associated with a number of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and, in healthy young women, are related to increased high-sensitivity C- ... Full text Link to item Cite

Providing optimal nutrition in the assisted living environment

Chapter · January 1, 2007 Optimal nutritional status plays a critical role in successful aging, contributing to both health and quality of life.1 One key determinant of dietary intake and thus nutritional status in the later years of life is living situation, since living environme ... Cite

Response of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein to exercise training in an at-risk population.

Journal Article Am Heart J · October 2006 BACKGROUND: High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) is promoted as an independent predictor of atherosclerotic risk. In addition, cardiorespiratory fitness is inversely related to hsCRP in single-sex cross-sectional analyses. Our objective was to deter ... Full text Link to item Cite

Vascular nutritional correlates of late-life depression.

Journal Article Am J Geriatr Psychiatry · September 2006 OBJECTIVE: The authors sought to examine the association of vascular nutritional factors and depression in an elderly cohort of depression (currently and recently depressed) and comparison (never depressed) subjects. METHOD: Nutrient intake over the past y ... Full text Link to item Cite

Inactivity, exercise, and visceral fat. STRRIDE: a randomized, controlled study of exercise intensity and amount.

Journal Article J Appl Physiol (1985) · October 2005 Despite the importance of randomized, dose-response studies for proper evaluation of effective clinical interventions, there have been no dose-response studies on the effects of exercise amount on abdominal obesity, a major risk factor for metabolic syndro ... Full text Link to item Cite

Achieving a healthy body weight: Diet and exercise interventions for type 2 diabetes

Chapter · January 1, 2005 The problem of obesity has reached epidemic proportions in the United States (see also other chapters by Boan and McMahon), and evidence of its negative impact on health is rapidly accumulating. Excessive body mass, defined as a body-mass index (BMI) over ... Cite

A letter from ACN President Connie W. Bales

Journal Article Journal of the American College of Nutrition · January 1, 2005 Full text Cite

Effects of the amount of exercise on body weight, body composition, and measures of central obesity: STRRIDE--a randomized controlled study.

Journal Article Arch Intern Med · January 12, 2004 BACKGROUND: Obesity is a major health problem due, in part, to physical inactivity. The amount of activity needed to prevent weight gain is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of different amounts and intensities of exercise training. DESIGN: Rand ... Full text Link to item Cite

A 6-month observational study of the relationship between weight loss and behavioral symptoms in institutionalized Alzheimer's disease subjects.

Journal Article J Am Med Dir Assoc · 2004 OBJECTIVE: Weight loss is a common occurrence in Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between weight loss and behavioral symptoms in institutionalized AD subjects. DESIGN: Observational study. SETTING: Two fac ... Full text Link to item Cite

Nutritional interventions for age-related chronic disease

Journal Article Generations · January 1, 2004 Cite

Effects of the amount and intensity of exercise on plasma lipoproteins.

Journal Article N Engl J Med · November 7, 2002 BACKGROUND: Increased physical activity is related to reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, possibly because it leads to improvement in the lipoprotein profile. However, the amount of exercise training required for optimal benefit is unknown. In a prospe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Alternative diet therapy for elderly patients. Unique concerns for a high-risk population.

Journal Article Clin Geriatr Med · November 2002 Many elderly individuals accept or even seek alternative or complementary therapies, including dietary and nutritional treatments. Medical practitioners, nutritionists, and marketing strategists must recognize the special concerns regarding ADT use by the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sarcopenia, weight loss, and nutritional frailty in the elderly.

Journal Article Annu Rev Nutr · 2002 The progression of the aging process leads to a decreased margin of homeostatic reserve and a reduced ability to accommodate metabolic challenges, including nutritional stress. Nutritional frailty refers to the disability that occurs in old age owing to ra ... Full text Link to item Cite

Studies of a targeted risk reduction intervention through defined exercise (STRRIDE).

Journal Article Med Sci Sports Exerc · October 2001 PURPOSE: The Studies of a Targeted Risk Reduction Intervention through Defined Exercise (STRRIDE) trial is a randomized controlled clinical trial designed to study the effects of exercise training regimens differing in dose (kcal.wk-1) and/or intensity (re ... Full text Link to item Cite

Discussion

Journal Article Journal of the American College of Nutrition · October 1, 2001 Full text Cite

Effects on blood lipids of a blood pressure-lowering diet: the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) Trial.

Journal Article Am J Clin Nutr · July 2001 BACKGROUND: Effects of diet on blood lipids are best known in white men, and effects of type of carbohydrate on triacylglycerol concentrations are not well defined. OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to determine the effects of diet on plasma lipids, focusing on subg ... Full text Link to item Cite

Predictors of nutritional supplement use by the elderly.

Journal Article Pharmacotherapy · 1996 We conducted a population survey to describe patterns and determine predictors of the use of nutritional supplements and single-ingredient vitamins and minerals among elderly living in five adjacent urban and rural counties in the Piedmont area of North Ca ... Link to item Cite

Lean Pork for Lipid-lowering Diets. A Comparison with Traditional Pork

Journal Article Journal of the American Dietetic Association · September 1, 1995 The conventional recommendation that lipid-lowering diets contain reduced amounts of red meats limits an important dietary source of nutrients. In an effort to address this problem, we analyzed 10 cuts from the loin and shoulder of a newly developed leaner ... Full text Cite

Community dwelling elderly are appropriate subjects for intensive dietary choice restriction studies.

Journal Article J Nutr Elder · 1995 There is a traditional belief that the elderly have difficulty coping with dietary change, and therefore have a diminished likelihood of successfully responding to nutritional interventions or restrictions. Using a controlled mild zinc-deficiency feeding s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Marginal zinc deficiency in older adults: responsiveness of zinc status indicators.

Journal Article J Am Coll Nutr · October 1994 OBJECTIVE: Suspicions that mild zinc deficiency is common among the elderly cannot be confirmed or refuted because definitive indicators of zinc status are lacking. The goal of this study was to document the clinical responsiveness of parameters of zinc st ... Full text Link to item Cite

Nutrition and function: is there a relationship between body mass index and the functional capabilities of community-dwelling elderly?

Journal Article J Am Geriatr Soc · April 1994 OBJECTIVE: To determine if there is a relationship between body mass index and the ability to perform the usual activities of living in a sample of community-dwelling elderly. DESIGN: Secondary data analysis of The National Health and Nutrition Examination ... Full text Link to item Cite

Psychosocial functioning and osteoporosis in late life: Results of a multidisciplinary intervention

Journal Article Journal of Women's Health · January 1, 1993 Objective: To determine whether older women and men with osteoporosis who participated in a medica. evaluation program showed improvement in psychosocial functioning when compared to a age-, gender-, and disease severity-matched group of osteoporotic patie ... Full text Cite

Osteoporosis in late life: does health locus of control affect psychosocial adaptation?

Journal Article J Am Geriatr Soc · July 1991 Osteoporosis, a metabolic bone disease most prevalent in older adults, is a major public health problem. Although management of osteoporosis through diet, exercise, and medication has improved, little is known about the psychosocial consequences of this di ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cyclosporin-A increases synthesis of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in the rat and mouse.

Journal Article Endocrinology · March 1991 We have previously observed elevated serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25-(OH)2D] levels in male rats treated with oral cyclosporin-A (CsA). This elevation was independent of changes in PTH, ionized calcium, or phosphate. This paper investigates the potent ... Full text Link to item Cite

Calcium supplementation lowers serum parathyroid hormone levels in elderly subjects.

Journal Article J Gerontol · September 1990 To determine the effect of calcium supplementation on parathyroid hormone levels (PTH) in a group of elderly subjects at risk for developing Type II (senile) osteoporosis, 40 healthy volunteers participated in a randomized double-blind crossover study. Cal ... Full text Link to item Cite

Zinc, magnesium, copper, and protein concentrations in human saliva: age- and sex-related differences.

Journal Article Am J Clin Nutr · March 1990 Normal concentrations of trace elements in parotid saliva, supernatant- and sediment-mixed saliva, plasma, and hair were determined in 278 healthy adults grouped as young (18-29 y), middle-aged (30-64 y), and elderly (65-93 y). Age-related increases (p les ... Full text Link to item Cite

Treatment of osteoporosis. The psychological impact of a medical education program on older patients.

Journal Article J Am Geriatr Soc · May 1989 Participants in a therapeutic program for osteoporosis were studied to determine if program participation improved psychological outcomes. The 4-day program included intensive education about the disease and its prognosis, physical therapy education, nutri ... Full text Link to item Cite

Regulation of renal 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1-hydroxylase activity in the mouse after uninephrectomy.

Journal Article Endocrinology · May 1989 Although renal hypertrophy occurs rapidly after uninephrectomy, restoring the majority of renal excretory function, it remains unknown whether similar compensatory mechanisms maintain 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D production (and calcium homeostasis). To address ... Full text Link to item Cite

Metabolic balance of manganese in young men consuming diets containing five levels of dietary manganese.

Journal Article J Nutr · June 1988 Five healthy men, ages 19-20, were fed a diet for 105 d to measure manganese balance during consumption of conventional foods. The study was divided into five periods of 21, 21, 38, 11 and 14 d, in which the daily dietary intakes of manganese (Mn) were 2.8 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Long-term protein and calorie restriction: alterations in nucleic acid levels of organs of male rats.

Journal Article Exp Gerontol · 1988 The effects of dietary restriction (calorie and/or protein) imposed at weaning on tissue concentrations of nucleic acids and protein were determined in young (one year) and old (two year) rats. In liver, calorie restriction increased protein concentration ... Full text Link to item Cite

Manganese balance and clinical observations in young men fed a manganese-deficient diet.

Journal Article J Nutr · January 1987 A balance study was conducted to determine the minimum requirement for manganese (Mn) and to examine the effects of Mn depletion. Seven male subjects, age 19-22, were fed a Mn-adequate diet of conventional foods (2.59 mg Mn/d, 135 mg cholesterol, and P:S r ... Full text Link to item Cite

The effect of age on plasma zinc uptake and taste acuity.

Journal Article Am J Clin Nutr · November 1986 Plasma uptake of a 25 mg oral dose of zinc was measured at 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 h postdose in 16 elderly (mean age = 7.25 yr) and 12 young (mean age = 24.0 yr) subjects selected from a group of 62 healthy nonsmokers. Elderly and young subjects were divided in ... Full text Link to item Cite

The effect of zinc deficiency and food restriction on prostaglandin E2 and thromboxane B2 in saliva and plasma of rats.

Journal Article Prostaglandins · May 1986 Zinc has been implicated in the regulation of prostaglandins and other arachidonic acid derivatives. Studies of zinc-deficient animals, however, are compromised by concomitant reduction in food intake that may also alter eicosanoid levels in body tissues a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of age of initiation of feed restriction on growth, body composition, and longevity of rats.

Journal Article J Gerontol · January 1986 Male Wistar rats were maintained on four dietary regimens: fed ad libitum throughout life (A); fed intermittently either during the first year of life and ad libitum thereafter (RA) or vice versa (AR); and fed intermittently throughout life (R). Low body w ... Full text Link to item Cite

Formula diets omitting manganese promote a decline in total plasma cholesterol

Journal Article Federation Proceedings · January 1, 1984 Cite

Saliva concentrations of zinc, magnesium and copper in a human population

Journal Article Federation Proceedings · January 1, 1984 Cite

Differential effects of dietary caloric and protein restriction in the aging rat.

Journal Article Exp Gerontol · 1983 Numerous studies have shown caloric restriction retards the physiological decline and increases the life span of animals. However, in these studies protein consumption was also reduced; thus, whether the beneficial effects were due to caloric or to protein ... Full text Link to item Cite