Scholars@Duke
Matthias Gromeier

Matthias Gromeier

Cless Family Distinguished Professor in Neuro-Oncology
Neurosurgery, Neuro-Oncology
grome001@mc.duke.edu
Box 3020 Med Ctr, Durham, NC
Research Drive, Rm 423, MSRB1, Durham, NC 27710
Office hours N/A  
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Selected Publications

Elucidating cellular response to treatment with viral immunotherapies in pediatric high-grade glioma and medulloblastoma.

Journal Article Transl Oncol · February 2024 HSV G207, a double-stranded, DNA virus, and the polio:rhinovirus chimera, PVSRIPO, a single positive-strand RNA virus, are viral immunotherapies being used to treat pediatric malignant brain tumors in clinical trials. The purpose of this work is to elucida ... Full text Link to item Cite

Early enterovirus translation deficits extend viral RNA replication and elicit sustained MDA5-directed innate signaling.

Journal Article mBio · December 19, 2023 Multiple pattern recognition receptors sense vRNAs and initiate downstream innate signaling: endosomal Toll-like receptors (TLRs) 3, 7, and 8 and cytoplasmic RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) RIG-I, and MDA5. They engage distinct signaling scaffolds: mitochondri ... Full text Link to item Cite

Polio virotherapy targets the malignant glioma myeloid infiltrate with diffuse microglia activation engulfing the CNS.

Journal Article Neuro Oncol · September 5, 2023 BACKGROUND: Malignant gliomas commandeer dense inflammatory infiltrates with glioma-associated macrophages and microglia (GAMM) promoting immune suppression, evasion, and tumor progression. Like all cells in the mononuclear phagocytic system, GAMM constitu ... Full text Link to item Cite

Recombinant polio-rhinovirus immunotherapy for recurrent paediatric high-grade glioma: a phase 1b trial.

Journal Article Lancet Child Adolesc Health · July 2023 BACKGROUND: Outcomes of recurrent paediatric high-grade glioma are poor, with a median overall survival of less than 6 months. Viral immunotherapy, such as the polio-rhinovirus chimera lerapolturev, is a novel approach for treatment of recurrent paediatric ... Full text Link to item Cite

Intratumor childhood vaccine-specific CD4+ T-cell recall coordinates antitumor CD8+ T cells and eosinophils.

Journal Article J Immunother Cancer · April 2023 BACKGROUND: Antitumor mechanisms of CD4+ T cells remain crudely defined, and means to effectively harness CD4+ T-cell help for cancer immunotherapy are lacking. Pre-existing memory CD4+ T cells hold potential to be leveraged for this purpose. Moreover, the ... Full text Link to item Cite

CD155 is a putative therapeutic target in medulloblastoma.

Journal Article Clin Transl Oncol · March 2023 BACKGROUND: Medulloblastoma is the most common pediatric malignant brain tumor, consisting of four molecular subgroups (WNT, SHH, Group 3, Group 4) and 12 subtypes. Expression of the cell surface poliovirus receptor (PVR), CD155, is necessary for entry of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Multimodality analysis confers a prognostic benefit of a T-cell infiltrated tumor microenvironment and peripheral immune status in patients with melanoma.

Journal Article J Immunother Cancer · September 2022 BACKGROUND: We previously reported results from a phase 1 study testing intratumoral recombinant poliovirus, lerapolturev, in 12 melanoma patients. All 12 patients received anti-PD-1 systemic therapy before lerapolturev, and 11 of these 12 patients also re ... Full text Link to item Cite

PKR Binds Enterovirus IRESs, Displaces Host Translation Factors, and Impairs Viral Translation to Enable Innate Antiviral Signaling.

Journal Article mBio · June 28, 2022 For RNA virus families except Picornaviridae, viral RNA sensing includes Toll-like receptors and/or RIG-I. Picornavirus RNAs, whose 5' termini are shielded by a genome-linked protein, are predominately recognized by MDA5. This has important ramifications f ... Full text Link to item Cite

739 Intratumor childhood vaccine-specific CD4+ T cell recall helps antitumor CD8 T cells

Conference Regular and Young Investigator Award Abstracts · November 2021 Full text Cite

LUMINOS-101: Phase 2 study of PVSRIPO with pembrolizumab in recurrent glioblastoma.

Conference Journal of Clinical Oncology · May 20, 2021 TPS2065 Background: The prognosis for patients (pts) with recurrent (r) glioblastoma (GBM) is poor, with no highly effective approved therapies. Treatment failure may result from poor penetration of drugs through the blood-brain ... Full text Cite

Safety and efficacy of murine PVSRIPO plus anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) in a melanoma tumor model.

Conference Journal of Clinical Oncology · May 20, 2021 2560 Background: Most patients with advanced melanoma (mel) fail/acquire resistance to ICI, including anti-(α) PD-1. PVSRIPO is a novel intratumoral immunotherapy derived from the Sabin type 1 attenuated poliovirus (PV) that targ ... Full text Cite

Enterovirus 2Apro Cleavage of the YTHDF m6A Readers Implicates YTHDF3 as a Mediator of Type I Interferon-Driven JAK/STAT Signaling.

Journal Article mBio · April 13, 2021 Enteroviruses (EV) deploy two proteases that mediate viral polyprotein cleavage and host cell manipulation. Here, we report that EV 2A proteases cleave all three members of the YTHDF protein family, cytosolic N6-methyladenosine (m6A) "readers" that regulat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Phase I trial of intratumoral PVSRIPO in patients with unresectable, treatment-refractory melanoma.

Journal Article J Immunother Cancer · April 2021 BACKGROUND: While programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) antagonists have improved the prognosis for many patients with melanoma, around 60% fail therapy. PVSRIPO is a non-neurovirulent rhinovirus:poliovirus chimera th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Viral infection of cells within the tumor microenvironment mediates antitumor immunotherapy via selective TBK1-IRF3 signaling.

Journal Article Nat Commun · March 25, 2021 Activating intra-tumor innate immunity might enhance tumor immune surveillance. Virotherapy is proposed to achieve tumor cell killing, while indirectly activating innate immunity. Here, we report that recombinant poliovirus therapy primarily mediates antit ... Full text Link to item Cite

Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Signaling Controls CD155 Expression on Macrophages and Mediates Tumor Immunosuppression.

Journal Article J Immunol · March 15, 2021 Crosstalk between costimulatory and coinhibitory ligands are a prominent node of immune cell regulation. Mounting evidence points toward a critical role for CD155, the poliovirus receptor, in suppressing T cell function, particularly in cancer. However, re ... Full text Link to item Cite

Very low mutation burden is a feature of inflamed recurrent glioblastomas responsive to cancer immunotherapy.

Journal Article Nat Commun · January 13, 2021 Several immunotherapy clinical trials in recurrent glioblastoma have reported long-term survival benefits in 10-20% of patients. Here we perform genomic analysis of tumor tissue from recurrent WHO grade IV glioblastoma patients acquired prior to immunother ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Elucidating cellular response to treatment with viral immunotherapies in pediatric high-grade glioma and medulloblastoma.

Journal Article Transl Oncol · February 2024 HSV G207, a double-stranded, DNA virus, and the polio:rhinovirus chimera, PVSRIPO, a single positive-strand RNA virus, are viral immunotherapies being used to treat pediatric malignant brain tumors in clinical trials. The purpose of this work is to elucida ... Full text Link to item Cite

Early enterovirus translation deficits extend viral RNA replication and elicit sustained MDA5-directed innate signaling.

Journal Article mBio · December 19, 2023 Multiple pattern recognition receptors sense vRNAs and initiate downstream innate signaling: endosomal Toll-like receptors (TLRs) 3, 7, and 8 and cytoplasmic RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) RIG-I, and MDA5. They engage distinct signaling scaffolds: mitochondri ... Full text Link to item Cite

Polio virotherapy targets the malignant glioma myeloid infiltrate with diffuse microglia activation engulfing the CNS.

Journal Article Neuro Oncol · September 5, 2023 BACKGROUND: Malignant gliomas commandeer dense inflammatory infiltrates with glioma-associated macrophages and microglia (GAMM) promoting immune suppression, evasion, and tumor progression. Like all cells in the mononuclear phagocytic system, GAMM constitu ... Full text Link to item Cite

Recombinant polio-rhinovirus immunotherapy for recurrent paediatric high-grade glioma: a phase 1b trial.

Journal Article Lancet Child Adolesc Health · July 2023 BACKGROUND: Outcomes of recurrent paediatric high-grade glioma are poor, with a median overall survival of less than 6 months. Viral immunotherapy, such as the polio-rhinovirus chimera lerapolturev, is a novel approach for treatment of recurrent paediatric ... Full text Link to item Cite

Intratumor childhood vaccine-specific CD4+ T-cell recall coordinates antitumor CD8+ T cells and eosinophils.

Journal Article J Immunother Cancer · April 2023 BACKGROUND: Antitumor mechanisms of CD4+ T cells remain crudely defined, and means to effectively harness CD4+ T-cell help for cancer immunotherapy are lacking. Pre-existing memory CD4+ T cells hold potential to be leveraged for this purpose. Moreover, the ... Full text Link to item Cite

CD155 is a putative therapeutic target in medulloblastoma.

Journal Article Clin Transl Oncol · March 2023 BACKGROUND: Medulloblastoma is the most common pediatric malignant brain tumor, consisting of four molecular subgroups (WNT, SHH, Group 3, Group 4) and 12 subtypes. Expression of the cell surface poliovirus receptor (PVR), CD155, is necessary for entry of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Multimodality analysis confers a prognostic benefit of a T-cell infiltrated tumor microenvironment and peripheral immune status in patients with melanoma.

Journal Article J Immunother Cancer · September 2022 BACKGROUND: We previously reported results from a phase 1 study testing intratumoral recombinant poliovirus, lerapolturev, in 12 melanoma patients. All 12 patients received anti-PD-1 systemic therapy before lerapolturev, and 11 of these 12 patients also re ... Full text Link to item Cite

PKR Binds Enterovirus IRESs, Displaces Host Translation Factors, and Impairs Viral Translation to Enable Innate Antiviral Signaling.

Journal Article mBio · June 28, 2022 For RNA virus families except Picornaviridae, viral RNA sensing includes Toll-like receptors and/or RIG-I. Picornavirus RNAs, whose 5' termini are shielded by a genome-linked protein, are predominately recognized by MDA5. This has important ramifications f ... Full text Link to item Cite

739 Intratumor childhood vaccine-specific CD4+ T cell recall helps antitumor CD8 T cells

Conference Regular and Young Investigator Award Abstracts · November 2021 Full text Cite

LUMINOS-101: Phase 2 study of PVSRIPO with pembrolizumab in recurrent glioblastoma.

Conference Journal of Clinical Oncology · May 20, 2021 TPS2065 Background: The prognosis for patients (pts) with recurrent (r) glioblastoma (GBM) is poor, with no highly effective approved therapies. Treatment failure may result from poor penetration of drugs through the blood-brain ... Full text Cite

Safety and efficacy of murine PVSRIPO plus anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) in a melanoma tumor model.

Conference Journal of Clinical Oncology · May 20, 2021 2560 Background: Most patients with advanced melanoma (mel) fail/acquire resistance to ICI, including anti-(α) PD-1. PVSRIPO is a novel intratumoral immunotherapy derived from the Sabin type 1 attenuated poliovirus (PV) that targ ... Full text Cite

Enterovirus 2Apro Cleavage of the YTHDF m6A Readers Implicates YTHDF3 as a Mediator of Type I Interferon-Driven JAK/STAT Signaling.

Journal Article mBio · April 13, 2021 Enteroviruses (EV) deploy two proteases that mediate viral polyprotein cleavage and host cell manipulation. Here, we report that EV 2A proteases cleave all three members of the YTHDF protein family, cytosolic N6-methyladenosine (m6A) "readers" that regulat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Phase I trial of intratumoral PVSRIPO in patients with unresectable, treatment-refractory melanoma.

Journal Article J Immunother Cancer · April 2021 BACKGROUND: While programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) antagonists have improved the prognosis for many patients with melanoma, around 60% fail therapy. PVSRIPO is a non-neurovirulent rhinovirus:poliovirus chimera th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Viral infection of cells within the tumor microenvironment mediates antitumor immunotherapy via selective TBK1-IRF3 signaling.

Journal Article Nat Commun · March 25, 2021 Activating intra-tumor innate immunity might enhance tumor immune surveillance. Virotherapy is proposed to achieve tumor cell killing, while indirectly activating innate immunity. Here, we report that recombinant poliovirus therapy primarily mediates antit ... Full text Link to item Cite

Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Signaling Controls CD155 Expression on Macrophages and Mediates Tumor Immunosuppression.

Journal Article J Immunol · March 15, 2021 Crosstalk between costimulatory and coinhibitory ligands are a prominent node of immune cell regulation. Mounting evidence points toward a critical role for CD155, the poliovirus receptor, in suppressing T cell function, particularly in cancer. However, re ... Full text Link to item Cite

Very low mutation burden is a feature of inflamed recurrent glioblastomas responsive to cancer immunotherapy.

Journal Article Nat Commun · January 13, 2021 Several immunotherapy clinical trials in recurrent glioblastoma have reported long-term survival benefits in 10-20% of patients. Here we perform genomic analysis of tumor tissue from recurrent WHO grade IV glioblastoma patients acquired prior to immunother ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Harnessing virus tropism for dendritic cells for vaccine design.

Journal Article Curr Opin Virol · October 2020 Dendritic cells (DCs) are pivotal stimulators of T cell responses. They provide essential signals (epitope presentation, proinflammatory cytokines, co-stimulation) to T cells and prime adaptive immunity. Therefore, they are paramount to immunization strate ... Full text Link to item Cite

CReP mediates selective translation initiation at the endoplasmic reticulum.

Journal Article Sci Adv · June 2020 Eukaryotic protein synthesis control at multiple levels allows for dynamic, selective responses to diverse conditions, but spatial organization of translation initiation machinery as a regulatory principle has remained largely unexplored. Here we report on ... Full text Link to item Cite

CD226 Expression is Associated with Increased Survival in Pancreatic Cancer

Conference ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY · February 1, 2020 Link to item Cite

Genetically stable poliovirus vectors activate dendritic cells and prime antitumor CD8 T cell immunity.

Journal Article Nat Commun · January 27, 2020 Viruses naturally engage innate immunity, induce antigen presentation, and mediate CD8 T cell priming against foreign antigens. Polioviruses can provide a context optimal for generating antigen-specific CD8 T cells, as they have natural tropism for dendrit ... Full text Link to item Cite

Oncolytic poliovirus immunotherapy for breast cancer

Conference JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY · 2020 Cite

Improved efficacy against malignant brain tumors with EGFRwt/EGFRvIII targeting immunotoxin and checkpoint inhibitor combinations.

Journal Article J Immunother Cancer · May 29, 2019 BACKGROUND: D2C7-IT is a novel immunotoxin (IT) targeting wild-type epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFRwt) and mutant EGFR variant III (EGFRvIII) proteins in glioblastoma. In addition to inherent tumoricidal activity, immunotoxins induce secondary immun ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Oncolytic polio/rhinovirus recombinant (PVSRIPO) against WHO grade IV malignant glioma (MG): Experience with retreatment of survivors from the phase I trial.

Conference Journal of Clinical Oncology · May 20, 2019 2060 Background: We completed a study evaluating a single intratumoral delivery of PVSRIPO in recurrent WHO grade IV MG patients (N Engl J Med. 2018 Jul 12;379(2):150-161). Some patients who originally benefitted from the infusion of PVSRIPO demonstrated ... Full text Link to item Cite

Synergistic antitumor effects of 9.2.27-PE38KDEL and ABT-737 in primary and metastatic brain tumors.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2019 Standard treatment, unfortunately, yields a poor prognosis for patients with primary or metastatic cancers in the central nervous system, indicating a necessity for novel therapeutic agents. Immunotoxins (ITs) are a class of promising therapeutic candidate ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Engineered Oncolytic Poliovirus PVSRIPO Subverts MDA5-Dependent Innate Immune Responses in Cancer Cells.

Journal Article J Virol · October 1, 2018 We are pursuing cancer immunotherapy with a neuro-attenuated recombinant poliovirus, PVSRIPO. PVSRIPO is the live attenuated type 1 (Sabin) poliovirus vaccine carrying a heterologous internal ribosomal entry site (IRES) of human rhinovirus type 2 (HRV2). I ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ribosomal RACK1:Protein Kinase C βII Modulates Intramolecular Interactions between Unstructured Regions of Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 4G (eIF4G) That Control eIF4E and eIF3 Binding.

Journal Article Mol Cell Biol · October 1, 2018 The receptor for activated C kinase (RACK1), a conserved constituent of eukaryotic ribosomes, mediates phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 4G1(S1093) [eIF4G1(S1093)] and eIF3a(S1364) by protein kinase C βII (PKCβII) (M. I. Dobrikov, E. Y. Dobri ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ribosomal RACK1:Protein Kinase C βII Phosphorylates Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 4G1 at S1093 To Modulate Cap-Dependent and -Independent Translation Initiation.

Journal Article Mol Cell Biol · October 1, 2018 Eukaryotic ribosomes contain the high-affinity protein kinase C βII (PKCβII) scaffold, receptor for activated C kinase (RACK1), but its role in protein synthesis control remains unclear. We found that RACK1:PKCβII phosphorylates eukaryotic initiation facto ... Full text Link to item Cite

Abstract A79: Cancer immunotherapy with recombinant poliovirus induces IFN-dominant activation of antigen-presenting cells and tumor antigen-specific CTLs

Conference Cancer Immunology Research · September 1, 2018 AbstractThe tumor microenvironment favors tumor immune escape by suppressing production, activation and/or function of antitumor T cells. Our group has developed a recombinant Rhino-Poliovirus chimera, PVSRI ... Full text Cite

Poliovirus Receptor (CD155) Expression in Pediatric Brain Tumors Mediates Oncolysis of Medulloblastoma and Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma.

Journal Article J Neuropathol Exp Neurol · August 1, 2018 Poliovirus oncolytic immunotherapy is a putatively novel approach to treat pediatric brain tumors. This work sought to determine expression of the poliovirus receptor (PVR), CD155, in low-grade and malignant pediatric brain tumors and its ability to infect ... Full text Link to item Cite

Recurrent Glioblastoma Treated with Recombinant Poliovirus.

Journal Article N Engl J Med · July 12, 2018 BACKGROUND: The prognosis of patients with recurrent World Health Organization (WHO) grade IV malignant glioma is dismal, and there is currently no effective therapy. We conducted a dose-finding and toxicity study in this population of patients, evaluating ... Full text Link to item Cite

Abstract LB-302: Oncolytic poliovirus-mediated inflammation and immunity in breast cancer

Conference Cancer Research · July 1, 2018 AbstractBreast cancer is the most common malignancy among women in the United States and the second leading cause of cancer deaths in women. Disease prognosis, local recurrence rates and response to therapy ... Full text Cite

Regulation of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1α during Hypoxia by DAP5-Induced Translation of PHD2.

Journal Article Mol Cell Biol · June 1, 2018 Death-associated protein 5 (DAP5) is an atypical isoform of the translation initiation scaffolds eukaryotic initiation factor 4GI (eIF4GI) and eIF4GII (eIF4GI/II), which recruit mRNAs to ribosomes in mammals. Unlike eIF4GI/II, DAP5 binds eIF2β, a subunit o ... Full text Link to item Cite

XIAP Regulation by MNK Links MAPK and NFκB Signaling to Determine an Aggressive Breast Cancer Phenotype.

Journal Article Cancer Res · April 1, 2018 Hyperactivation of the NFκB pathway is a distinct feature of inflammatory breast cancer (IBC), a highly proliferative and lethal disease. Gene expression studies in IBC patient tissue have linked EGFR (EGFR/HER2)-mediated MAPK signaling to NFκB hyperactivi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Recombinant Poliovirus for Cancer Immunotherapy.

Journal Article Annu Rev Med · January 29, 2018 Mechanisms to elicit antiviral immunity, a natural host response to viral pathogen challenge, are of eminent relevance to cancer immunotherapy. "Oncolytic" viruses, naturally existing or genetically engineered viral agents with cell type-specific propagati ... Full text Link to item Cite

Validation of an Immunohistochemistry Assay for Detection of CD155, the Poliovirus Receptor, in Malignant Gliomas.

Journal Article Arch Pathol Lab Med · December 2017 CONTEXT: - The oncolytic polio-rhinovirus recombinant (PVSRIPO) has demonstrated promise in currently ongoing phase I/II clinical trials against recurrent glioblastoma and was granted breakthrough therapy designation by the Food and Drug Administration/Cen ... Full text Link to item Cite

Chemotherapy enhances oncolytic recombinant poliovirus efficacy

Conference JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER · November 7, 2017 Link to item Cite

PVSRIPO is an interferon-resistant, immunotherapeutic oncolytic virus

Conference JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER · November 7, 2017 Link to item Cite

Cancer immunotherapy with recombinant poliovirus induces IFN-dominant activation of dendritic cells and tumor antigen-specific CTLs.

Journal Article Sci Transl Med · September 20, 2017 Tumors thrive in an immunosuppressive microenvironment that impedes antitumor innate and adaptive immune responses. Thus, approaches that can overcome immunosuppression and engage antitumor immunity are needed. This study defines the adjuvant and cancer im ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dose finding study of the intratumoral administration of the oncolytic polio/rhinovirus recombinant (PVSRIPO) against WHO grade IV malignant glioma (MG).

Conference Journal of Clinical Oncology · May 20, 2017 e13533 Background: The live attenuated oral poliovirus vaccine was modified to contain a heterologous internal ribosomal entry site stemming from human rhinovirus type 2, creating PVSRIPO. PVSRIPO recognizes CD155, an oncofetal c ... Full text Link to item Cite

MNK Controls mTORC1:Substrate Association through Regulation of TELO2 Binding with mTORC1.

Journal Article Cell Rep · February 7, 2017 The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) integrates numerous stimuli and coordinates the adaptive response of many cellular processes. To accomplish this, mTOR associates with distinct co-factors that determine its signaling output. While many of these c ... Full text Link to item Cite

MNK inversely regulates TELO2 vs. DEPTOR to control mTORC1 signaling.

Journal Article Mol Cell Oncol · 2017 mTORC1 is the major homeostatic nutrient sensor for the cell. As such, it is integrated into diverse signaling networks and co-factor interactions that determine its activity. Our recent work implicates the mTORC1 co-factor and PI3K-related Kinase (PIKK) s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Recombinant oncolytic poliovirus, PVSRIPO, has potent cytotoxic and innate inflammatory effects, mediating therapy in human breast and prostate cancer xenograft models.

Journal Article Oncotarget · November 29, 2016 Intratumoral inoculation of viruses with tumor-selective cytotoxicity may induce cancer cell death and, thereby, shrink neoplastic lesions. It is unlikely, however, that viral tumor cell killing alone could produce meaningful, durable clinical responses, a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Abstract A032: Using oncolytic polio expressing tumor as a cancer vaccine

Conference Cancer Immunology Research · November 1, 2016 AbstractBackground: The recent clinical success of immune checkpoint inhibitors in melanoma revealed the therapeutic potential of an anti-tumor T cell response. Previous studies using peptide vaccines to eli ... Full text Cite

Patient survival on the dose escalation phase of the Oncolytic Polio/Rhinovirus Recombinant (PVSRIPO) against WHO grade IV malignant glioma (MG) clinical trial compared to historical controls.

Conference Journal of Clinical Oncology · May 20, 2016 Background: The live attenuated oral (SABIN) serotype 1 poliovirus vaccine was modified to contain a heterologous internal ribosomal entry site stemming from human rhinovirus type 2, creating PVSRIPO. PVSRIPO recognizes CD155, an oncofetal cell adhesion mo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Abstract A157: Oncolytic poliovirus mediated immune events

Journal Article Cancer Immunology Research · January 1, 2016 AbstractIntroduction: Tumor-targeted therapies that efficiently eliminate malignant cells and in the process engage the innate and adaptive immune system are desirable for preventing cancer recurrence. We ha ... Full text Cite

Cytotoxic and immunogenic mechanisms of recombinant oncolytic poliovirus.

Journal Article Curr Opin Virol · August 2015 An oncolytic virus (OV) based on poliovirus (PV), the highly attenuated polio/rhinovirus recombinant PVSRIPO, may deliver targeted inflammatory cancer cell killing; a principle that is showing promise in clinical trials for recurrent glioblastoma (GBM). Th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Oncolytic immunotherapy through tumor-specific translation and cytotoxicity of poliovirus.

Journal Article Discov Med · May 2015 Achieving tumor-specific, robust, and durable effector cytotoxic immune responses is key to successful immunotherapy. This has been accomplished with adoptive cell transfer of ex vivo-expanded autologous tumor-infiltrating or engineered T cells, or with im ... Link to item Cite

Oncolytic polio virotherapy of cancer.

Journal Article Cancer · November 1, 2014 Recently, the century-old idea of targeting cancer with viruses (oncolytic viruses) has come of age, and promise has been documented in early stage and several late-stage clinical trials in a variety of cancers. Although originally prized for their direct ... Full text Link to item Cite

Induction of viral, 7-methyl-guanosine cap-independent translation and oncolysis by mitogen-activated protein kinase-interacting kinase-mediated effects on the serine/arginine-rich protein kinase.

Journal Article J Virol · November 2014 UNLABELLED: Protein synthesis, the most energy-consuming process in cells, responds to changing physiologic priorities, e.g., upon mitogen- or stress-induced adaptations signaled through the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). The prevailing status ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mitogen-activated protein kinase-interacting kinase regulates mTOR/AKT signaling and controls the serine/arginine-rich protein kinase-responsive type 1 internal ribosome entry site-mediated translation and viral oncolysis.

Journal Article J Virol · November 2014 UNLABELLED: Translation machinery is a major recipient of the principal mitogenic signaling networks involving Raf-ERK1/2 and phosphoinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR). Picornavirus internal ribosomal entry site (IRES)-mediated ... Full text Link to item Cite

Oncolytic polio/rhinovirus recombinant (pvsripo) in recurrent glioblastoma (gbm): first phase I clinical trial evaluating the intratumoral administration.

Journal Article Neuro Oncol · July 2014 PVSRIPO is the live attenuated, oral (SABIN) serotype 1 poliovirus vaccine containing a heterologous internal ribosomal entry site stemming from human rhinovirus type 2. PVSRIPO recognizes nectin-like molecule-5, an oncofetal cell adhesion molecule and tum ... Full text Link to item Cite

Oncolytic poliovirus immunotherapy of glioblastoma.

Journal Article Neuro Oncol · July 2014 With the exception of Burkitt lymphoma, almost all solid cancers are susceptible to infection with poliovirus, due to widespread ectopic expression of the poliovirus receptor, the onco-fetal cell adhesion molecule Necl5/CD155. We engineered a profoundly CN ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mitotic phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 4G1 (eIF4G1) at Ser1232 by Cdk1:cyclin B inhibits eIF4A helicase complex binding with RNA.

Journal Article Mol Cell Biol · February 2014 During mitosis, global translation is suppressed, while synthesis of proteins with vital mitotic roles must go on. Prior evidence suggests that the mitotic translation shift involves control of initiation. Yet, no signals specifically targeting translation ... Full text Link to item Cite

107 Dose-finding and safety study of an oncolytic polio/rhinovirus recombinant against recurrent glioblastoma.

Journal Article Neurosurgery · August 2013 Current therapies for glioblastoma are limited by ineffective delivery beyond the blood-brain barrier, limited diffusion of regionally-delivered macromolecules, and lack of tumor specificity. Sustained direct intracerebral infusion at slow flow rates [conv ... Full text Link to item Cite

Current immunotherapeutic targets in gliomas

Journal Article · May 1, 2013 The prospect for high-grade astrocytic tumor patients continues to be dismal, evenwith advances in surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. There is a need for thedevelopment of novel therapies that would eliminate the heterogeneous and diffuseastrocytic t ... Cite

Dynamic regulation of the translation initiation helicase complex by mitogenic signal transduction to eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4G.

Journal Article Mol Cell Biol · March 2013 Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4F (eIF4F), comprising the cap-binding protein eIF4E, the helicase eIF4A, and the central scaffold eIF4G, is a convergence node for a complex signaling network that controls protein synthesis. Together with eIF3 and ... Full text Link to item Cite

p38α mitogen-activated protein kinase depletion and repression of signal transduction to translation machinery by miR-124 and -128 in neurons.

Journal Article Mol Cell Biol · January 2013 The p38α to p38δ mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are central regulatory nodes coordinating acute stress and inflammatory responses. Their activation leads to rapid adjustment of protein synthesis, for instance translational induction of proinflam ... Full text Link to item Cite

PD-0332991, a CDK4/6 inhibitor, significantly prolongs survival in a genetically engineered mouse model of brainstem glioma.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2013 Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is an incurable tumor that arises in the brainstem of children. To date there is not a single approved drug to effectively treat these tumors and thus novel therapies are desperately needed. Recent studies suggest th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Attenuation of neurovirulence, biodistribution, and shedding of a poliovirus:rhinovirus chimera after intrathalamic inoculation in Macaca fascicularis.

Journal Article J Virol · March 2012 A dependence of poliovirus on an unorthodox translation initiation mode can be targeted selectively to drive viral protein synthesis and cytotoxicity in malignant cells. Transformed cells are naturally susceptible to poliovirus, due to widespread ectopic u ... Full text Link to item Cite

Oncolytic poliovirus against malignant glioma.

Journal Article Future Virol · September 2011 In cancerous cells, physiologically tight regulation of protein synthesis is lost, contributing to uncontrolled growth and proliferation. We describe a novel experimental cancer therapy approach based on genetically recombinant poliovirus that targets an i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4G1 (eIF4G1) by protein kinase C{alpha} regulates eIF4G1 binding to Mnk1.

Journal Article Mol Cell Biol · July 2011 Featured Publication Signal transduction through mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) is implicated in growth and proliferation control through translation regulation and involves posttranslational modification of translation initiation factors. For example, convergent MA ... Full text Link to item Cite

Adaptation of an ICAM-1-tropic enterovirus to the mouse respiratory tract.

Journal Article J Virol · June 2011 Featured Publication Respiratory tract (RT) infections by members of the enterovirus (EV) genus of the Picornaviridae family are the most frequent cause for the common cold and a major factor in the exacerbation of chronic pulmonary diseases. The lack of a practical small-anim ... Full text Link to item Cite

MAPK signal-integrating kinase controls cap-independent translation and cell type-specific cytotoxicity of an oncolytic poliovirus.

Journal Article Mol Ther · November 2010 Featured Publication Many animal viruses exhibit proficient growth in transformed cells, a property that has been harnessed for the development of novel therapies against cancer. Despite overwhelming evidence for this phenomenon, understanding of the molecular mechanisms enabl ... Full text Link to item Cite

Regulation of eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) phosphorylation by mitogen-activated protein kinase occurs through modulation of Mnk1-eIF4G interaction.

Journal Article Mol Cell Biol · November 2010 Featured Publication The m(7)G cap binding protein eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) is a rate-limiting determinant of protein synthesis. Elevated eIF4E levels, commonly associated with neoplasia, promote oncogenesis, and phosphorylation of eIF4E at Ser209 is critical fo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Tissue type-specific expression of the dsRNA-binding protein 76 and genome-wide elucidation of its target mRNAs.

Journal Article PLoS One · July 23, 2010 BACKGROUND: RNA-binding proteins accompany all steps in the life of mRNAs and provide dynamic gene regulatory functions for rapid adjustment to changing extra- or intracellular conditions. The association of RNA-binding proteins with their targets is regul ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Preparing an oncolytic poliovirus recombinant for clinical application against glioblastoma multiforme.

Journal Article Cytokine Growth Factor Rev · 2010 PVS-RIPO is a genetically recombinant, non-pathogenic poliovirus chimera with a tumor-specific conditional replication phenotype. Consisting of the genome of the live attenuated poliovirus type 1 (Sabin) vaccine with its cognate IRES element replaced with ... Full text Link to item Cite

Poly(A)-binding protein modulates mRNA susceptibility to cap-dependent miRNA-mediated repression.

Journal Article RNA · January 2010 Featured Publication MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally through binding specific sites within the 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) of their target mRNAs. Numerous investigations have documented repressive effects of miRNAs and identified factors r ... Full text Link to item Cite

Herpes simplex virus proteins ICP27 and UL47 associate with polyadenylate-binding protein and control its subcellular distribution.

Journal Article J Virol · January 2010 Human pathogenic viruses manipulate host cell translation machinery to ensure efficient expression of viral genes and to thwart host cell protein synthesis. Viral strategies include cleaving translation factors, manipulating translation factor abundance an ... Full text Link to item Cite

Identification of gemin5 as a novel 7-methylguanosine cap-binding protein.

Journal Article PLoS One · September 14, 2009 BACKGROUND: A unique attribute of RNA molecules synthesized by RNA polymerase II is the presence of a 7-methylguanosine (m(7)G) cap structure added co-transcriptionally to the 5' end. Through its association with trans-acting effector proteins, the m(7)G c ... Full text Link to item Cite

THE RNA-BINDING PROTEIN 76 CONTROLS GENE EXPRESSION IN GBM

Journal Article NEURO-ONCOLOGY · April 1, 2009 Link to item Cite

Evaluation of IRES-mediated, cell-type-specific cytotoxicity of poliovirus using a colorimetric cell proliferation assay.

Journal Article J Virol Methods · January 2009 PVS-RIPO is a recombinant oncolytic poliovirus designed for clinical application to target CD155 expressing malignant gliomas and other malignant diseases. PVS-RIPO does not replicate in healthy neurons and is therefore non-pathogenic in rodent and non-hum ... Full text Link to item Cite

Recombinant oncolytic poliovirus eliminates glioma in vivo without genetic adaptation to a pathogenic phenotype.

Journal Article Mol Ther · November 2008 Many viruses, either naturally occurring or as a result of genetic manipulation, exhibit conditional replication in transformed cells. This principle is the basis for experimental therapeutic approaches exploiting the oncolytic potential of such agents wit ... Full text Link to item Cite

Activation of cap-independent translation by variant eukaryotic initiation factor 4G in vivo.

Journal Article RNA · October 2008 Protein synthesis is tightly controlled by assembly of an intricate ribonucleoprotein complex at the m(7)GTP-cap on eukaryotic mRNAs. Ensuing linear scanning of the 5' untranslated region (UTR) is believed to transfer the preinitiation complex to the initi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Immunotherapy against angiogenesis-associated targets: evidence and implications for the treatment of malignant glioma.

Journal Article Expert Rev Anticancer Ther · May 2008 Angiogenesis, the growth of new blood vessels from previously existing vasculature, is a requirement for tumor growth and metastasis. The first US FDA-approved drugs targeting angiogenesis have shown potential in the treatment of malignant gliomas. Immunot ... Full text Link to item Cite

Molecular strategies for the treatment of malignant glioma--genes, viruses, and vaccines.

Journal Article Neurosurg Rev · April 2008 The standard treatment paradigm of surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy for malignant gliomas has only a modest effect on survival. It is well emphasized in the literature that despite aggressive multimodal therapy, most patients survive approximately 1 ye ... Full text Link to item Cite

Growth phenotypes and biosafety profiles in poliovirus-receptor transgenic mice of recombinant oncolytic polio/human rhinoviruses.

Journal Article J Med Virol · February 2008 The use of oncolytic recombinant polioviruses has an important therapeutic potential in the treatment of human gliomas. This study was carried out to assess parameters of the utility of the oncolytic poliovirus/human rhinovirus type 2 chimeras (PV/HRV2). T ... Full text Link to item Cite

Poly(A)-binding protein is differentially required for translation mediated by viral internal ribosome entry sites.

Journal Article RNA · September 2007 The 3' poly(A) tail present on the majority of mature eukaryotic mRNAs is an important regulator of protein synthesis and mRNA stability. The poly(A) tail improves the efficiency of translation initiation through recruitment of PABP, enabling its interacti ... Full text Link to item Cite

Genetic adaptation to untranslated region-mediated enterovirus growth deficits by mutations in the nonstructural proteins 3AB and 3CD.

Journal Article J Virol · August 2007 Both untranslated regions (UTRs) of plus-strand RNA virus genomes jointly control translation and replication of viral genomes. In the case of the Enterovirus genus of the Picornaviridae family, the 5'UTR consists of a cloverleaf-like terminus preceding th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Viruses in the treatment of malignant glioma.

Journal Article Expert Rev Neurother · April 2007 Full text Link to item Cite

Attenuation of herpes simplex virus neurovirulence with picornavirus cis-acting genetic elements.

Journal Article J Virol · January 2007 Viral pathogenesis depends on a suitable milieu in target host cells permitting viral gene expression, propagation, and spread. In many instances, viral genomes can be manipulated to select for propagation in certain tissues or cell types. This has been ac ... Full text Link to item Cite

The double-stranded RNA binding protein 76:NF45 heterodimer inhibits translation initiation at the rhinovirus type 2 internal ribosome entry site.

Journal Article J Virol · July 2006 Poliovirus (PV) plus-strand RNA genomes initiate translation in a cap-independent manner via an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) in their 5' untranslated region. Viral translation is codetermined by cellular IRES trans-acting factors, which can influenc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Competitive translation efficiency at the picornavirus type 1 internal ribosome entry site facilitated by viral cis and trans factors.

Journal Article J Virol · April 2006 Enteroviruses (EVs) overcome their host cells by usurping the translation machinery to benefit viral gene expression. This is accomplished through alternative translation initiation in a cap-independent manner at the viral internal ribosomal entry site (IR ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cell-type-specific repression of internal ribosome entry site activity by double-stranded RNA-binding protein 76.

Journal Article J Virol · April 2006 Translation of picornavirus plus-strand RNA genomes occurs via internal ribosomal entry at highly structured 5' untranslated regions. In addition to canonical translation factors, translation rate is likely influenced by supplementary host and viral trans- ... Full text Link to item Cite

Oncolytic viruses for the treatment of malignant glioma

Journal Article Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents · March 1, 2006 Malignant glioma is the most common primary malignancy of the human CNS. Despite decades of research, the current therapeutic strategy consists of a multimodal regimen of surgery, chemotherapy and radiation. This course of therapy yields a median survival ... Full text Cite

Targeted therapy for glioblastoma multiforme neoplastic meningitis with intrathecal delivery of an oncolytic recombinant poliovirus.

Journal Article Clin Cancer Res · February 15, 2006 PURPOSE: The toxicity and antitumor activity of regional intrathecal delivery of an oncolytic recombinant poliovirus, PVS-RIPO, was evaluated in rodent models of glioblastoma multiforme neoplastic meningitis. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: To evaluate for toxicity, ... Full text Link to item Cite

The hepatitis C virus 3'-untranslated region or a poly(A) tract promote efficient translation subsequent to the initiation phase.

Journal Article Nucleic Acids Res · 2006 Enhancement of eukaryotic messenger RNA (mRNA) translation initiation by the 3' poly(A) tail is mediated through interaction of poly(A)-binding protein with eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 4G, bridging the 5' terminal cap structure. In contrast to cellu ... Full text Link to item Cite

Understanding polio: New insights from a cold virus

Journal Article Microbe · January 1, 2006 Cite

The polypyrimidine tract binding protein is required for efficient picornavirus gene expression and propagation.

Journal Article J Virol · May 2005 Mammalian host factors required for efficient viral gene expression and propagation have been often recalcitrant to genetic analysis. A case in point is the function of cellular factors that trans-activate internal ribosomal entry site (IRES)-driven transl ... Full text Link to item Cite

Genetic determinants of cell type-specific poliovirus propagation in HEK 293 cells.

Journal Article J Virol · May 2005 The ability of poliovirus to propagate in neuronal cells can be reduced by introducing appropriate nucleotide substitutions into the viral genome. Specific mutations scattered throughout the poliovirus genome yielded the live attenuated vaccine strains of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Treatment of CNS malignancies with a recombinant oncolytic poliovirus

Journal Article Drug Design Reviews Online · May 1, 2005 Spread to the central nervous system (CNS) and the leptomeninges is a frequent complication of systemic cancers that is associated with serious morbidity and high mortality. We have developed a novel therapeutic approach against primary CNS tumors and seco ... Full text Cite

Oncolytic viruses for cancer therapy II. Cell-internal factors for conditional growth in neoplastic cells.

Journal Article Onkologie · April 2005 Recent advances in our understanding of virus-host interactions have fueled new studies in the field of oncolytic viruses. The first part of this review explained how cell-external factors, such as cellular receptors, influence tumor tropism and specificit ... Full text Link to item Cite

Oncolytic viruses for cancer therapy I. Cell-external factors: virus entry and receptor interaction.

Journal Article Onkologie · March 2005 After being recognized for their anti-neoplastic properties at the beginning of the last century, viruses are again being considered for use as therapeutic agents against cancer. Certain virus species have a propensity to replicate within transformed cells ... Full text Link to item Cite

A nonpolio enterovirus with respiratory tropism causes poliomyelitis in intercellular adhesion molecule 1 transgenic mice.

Journal Article Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · September 14, 2004 Coxsackievirus A21 (CAV21) is classified within the species Human enterovirus C (HEV-C) of the Enterovirus genus of picornaviruses. HEV-C share striking homology with the polioviruses (PV), their closest kin among the enteroviruses. Despite a high level of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Treatment of intracerebral neoplasia and neoplastic meningitis with regional delivery of oncolytic recombinant poliovirus.

Journal Article Clin Cancer Res · July 15, 2004 PURPOSE: Spread to the central nervous system (CNS) and the leptomeninges is a frequent complication of systemic cancers that is associated with serious morbidity and high mortality. We have evaluated a novel therapeutic approach against CNS complications ... Full text Link to item Cite

Poliovirus receptor CD155-targeted oncolysis of glioma.

Journal Article Neuro Oncol · July 2004 Cell adhesion molecules of the immunoglobulin superfamily are aberrantly expressed in malignant glioma. Amongst these, the human poliovirus receptor CD155 provides a molecular target for therapeutic intervention with oncolytic poliovirus recombinants. Poli ... Full text Link to item Cite

Poliovirus recombinants against malignant glioma

Chapter · January 1, 2004 Poliovirus has recently been added to the rapidly expanding list of potential viral oncolytic agents. Its inherent tropism for certain malignant cell types, highly lytic growth cycle, and permissiveness for genetic manipulation qualify poliovirus as a prim ... Cite

A new polio vaccine?

Conference VACCINES: PREVENTING DISEASE AND PROTECTING HEALTH · January 1, 2004 Link to item Cite

The double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase mediates viral-induced encephalitis.

Journal Article Virology · December 20, 2003 The double-stranded (ds) RNA-activated protein kinase (PKR) plays an important role in control of viral infections and cell growth. We have studied the role of PKR in viral infection in mice that are defective in the PKR signaling pathway. Transgenic mice ... Full text Link to item Cite

Activity of a type 1 picornavirus internal ribosomal entry site is determined by sequences within the 3' nontranslated region.

Journal Article Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · December 9, 2003 We have proposed a cancer treatment modality based on poliovirus chimeras replicating under the translational control of an internal ribosomal entry site (IRES) derived from human rhinovirus type 2. Insertion of the heterologous IRES causes a neuron-specif ... Full text Link to item Cite

Oncolytic Viruses for Cancer Therapy

Journal Article American Journal of Cancer · November 27, 2003 After being recognized for their antineoplastic properties at the beginning of the last century, viruses are again being considered for use as therapeutic agents against cancer. Certain species of virus have a propensity to replicate within transformed cel ... Full text Cite

Structural determinants of insert retention of poliovirus expression vectors with recombinant IRES elements.

Journal Article Virology · July 5, 2003 Although picornaviruses provide attractive vectors for expression of foreign genes, poor genetic stability restricts their use for immunization purposes. A new prototype vector was generated to increase foreign insert retention, by shifting of the initiati ... Full text Link to item Cite

Viruses in the treatment of brain tumors.

Journal Article Neuroimaging Clin N Am · November 2002 The grave outlook for malignant glioma patients in spite of improvements to current modalities has ushered in new approaches to therapy. Viruses have emerged on the scene and gained attention for their ability to play essentially two roles: first, as vecto ... Full text Link to item Cite

Genetically stable picornavirus expression vectors with recombinant internal ribosomal entry sites.

Journal Article J Virol · September 2002 In many respects, picornaviruses are well suited for their proposed use as immunization vectors. However, their inherent genetic instability hinders application for prophylactic purposes. We demonstrate the improved expression and stability of a heterologo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Viruses for treating cancer

Journal Article ASM NEWS · September 1, 2002 Link to item Cite

Expression of the human poliovirus receptor/CD155 gene is activated by sonic hedgehog.

Journal Article J Biol Chem · July 12, 2002 The human poliovirus receptor/CD155 is a transmembrane glycoprotein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily. The ectodomain of CD155 mediates cell attachment to the extracellular matrix molecule vitronectin, while its intracellular domain interacts wit ... Full text Link to item Cite

Viruses for the treatment of malignant glioma.

Journal Article Curr Opin Mol Ther · October 2001 Viruses have been considered for use as therapeutic agents against cancer, and malignant glioma in particular. Oncolytic viruses were designed to target malignant cells supporting efficient virus replication, or rendered vulnerable to viral destruction due ... Link to item Cite

Expression of the human poliovirus receptor/CD155 gene during development of the central nervous system: implications for the pathogenesis of poliomyelitis.

Journal Article Virology · August 1, 2000 The gene for the human poliovirus receptor (hPVR/CD155) is the founding member of a new family of genes encoding proteins belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily. To determine whether CD155 is expressed during mammalian development, we have made use of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Intergeneric poliovirus recombinants for the treatment of malignant glioma.

Journal Article Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · June 6, 2000 Poliovirus neuropathogenicity depends on sequences within the 5' nontranslated region of the virus. Exchange of the poliovirus internal ribosomal entry site with its counterpart from human rhinovirus type 2 resulted in attenuation of neurovirulence in prim ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dual stem loops within the poliovirus internal ribosomal entry site control neurovirulence.

Journal Article J Virol · February 1999 In the human central nervous system, susceptibility to poliovirus (PV) infection is largely confined to a specific subpopulation of neuronal cells. PV tropism is likely to be determined by cell-external components such as the PV receptor CD155, as well as ... Full text Link to item Cite

A small yeast RNA blocks hepatitis C virus internal ribosome entry site (HCV IRES)-mediated translation and inhibits replication of a chimeric poliovirus under translational control of the HCV IRES element.

Journal Article J Virol · July 1998 Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection frequently leads to chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis of the liver and has been linked to development of hepatocellular carcinoma. We previously identified a small yeast RNA (IRNA) capable of specifically inhibiting poliovir ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mechanism of injury-provoked poliomyelitis.

Journal Article J Virol · June 1998 Skeletal muscle injury is known to predispose its sufferers to neurological complications of concurrent poliovirus infections. This phenomenon, labeled "provocation poliomyelitis," continues to cause numerous cases of childhood paralysis due to the adminis ... Full text Link to item Cite

Poliovirus and its cellular receptor: a molecular genetic dissection of a virus/receptor affinity interaction.

Journal Article J Mol Recognit · 1998 The ability of a virus to attach to a susceptible host cell is of utmost importance for the initiation of viral life cycle. Cell surface proteins called viral receptors mediate the initial steps of virus attachment and uptake. Poliovirus (PV) is one of the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mechanism of injury-provoked poliomyelitis

Journal Article J. Virol. · 1998 Cite

Genetic recombination of poliovirus in a cell-free system.

Journal Article Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · December 9, 1997 Genetic recombination of plus-strand RNA viruses is an important process for promoting genetic variation. By using genetically marked poliovirus RNAs, we have demonstrated that genetic recombination can occur in a cell-free system that generates infective ... Full text Link to item Cite

Determinants of poliovirus neurovirulence.

Journal Article J Neurovirol · May 1997 Link to item Cite

Internal ribosomal entry site substitution eliminates neurovirulence in intergeneric poliovirus recombinants.

Journal Article Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · March 19, 1996 Neuropathogenicity of poliovirus can be attenuated by mutations in the internal ribosomal entry site (IRES) within the 5' nontranslated region of its genome. The Sabin vaccine strains used in prevention of poliomyelitis carry such mutations in their IRES e ... Full text Link to item Cite

Substitution of the poliovirus IRES with its counterpart from human rhinovirus type 2 mediates loss of neurovirulence

Conference VACCINES 96 - MOLECULAR APPROACHES TO THE CONTROL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES · January 1, 1996 Link to item Cite

The human poliovirus receptor. Receptor-virus interaction and parameters of disease specificity.

Journal Article Ann N Y Acad Sci · May 25, 1995 The host range of poliovirus is determined by the expression of the hPVR, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. We characterized hPVR proteins biochemically and found them to be complex-type glycoproteins. The outermost V-like domain of three extrace ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mouse neuropathogenic poliovirus strains cause damage in the central nervous system distinct from poliomyelitis.

Journal Article Microb Pathog · April 1995 Poliomyelitis as a consequence of poliovirus infection is observed only in primates. Despite a host range restricted to primates, experimental infection of rodents with certain genetically well defined poliovirus strains produces neurological disease. The ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dicistronic polioviruses as expression vectors for foreign genes.

Journal Article AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses · 1994 We have made use of certain novel genetic elements of picornaviruses termed internal ribosomal entry sites (IRES) to construct a viral RNA with the following genetic order: PV 5' NTR-EMCV IRES-PV ORF-3' NTR (PV, poliovirus; NTR, nontranslated region; EMCV, ... Link to item Cite

POLIOVIRUS RECEPTORS

Conference CELLULAR RECEPTORS FOR ANIMAL VIRUSES · January 1, 1994 Link to item Cite

DICISTRONIC POLIOVIRUSES EXPRESSING THE ANTIGENIC DETERMINANTS FROM GP120 OF HIV-1

Conference VACCINES 94 - MODERN APPROACHES TO NEW VACCINES INCLUDING PREVENTION OF AIDS · January 1, 1994 Link to item Cite

Kinetics of poliovirus uncoating in HeLa cells in a nonacidic environment.

Journal Article J Virol · August 1990 Lysis of HeLa cells infected with poliovirus revealed intact virus; 135S particles, devoid of VP4 but containing the viral RNA; and 80S empty capsids. During infection the kinetics of poliovirus uncoating showed a continuous decrease of intact virus, while ... Full text Link to item Cite