Scholars@Duke
Joseph Geradts

Joseph Geradts

Adjunct Professor in the Department of Pathology
Pathology
joseph.geradts@duke.edu
Duke Box 3712, Durham, NC 27710
Rm 3108 Meyer Ward, Department of Pathology, Durham, NC 27710
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Selected Publications

XIAP overexpressing inflammatory breast cancer patients have high infiltration of immunosuppressive subsets and increased TNFR1 signaling targetable with Birinapant.

Journal Article Transl Oncol · May 2024 OBJECTIVE: To assess the expression pattern of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), a cellular stress sensor, and delineate the associated changes in the tumor immune microenvironment (TiME) for prognostic value and new therapeutic targets in in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Androgen deprivation induces double-null prostate cancer via aberrant nuclear export and ribosomal biogenesis through HGF and Wnt activation.

Journal Article Nat Commun · February 9, 2024 Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) targeting androgen/androgen receptor (AR)- signaling pathways is the main therapy for advanced prostate cancer (PCa). However, ADT eventually fails in most patients who consequently develop castration-resistant prostate c ... Full text Link to item Cite

Predicting early breast cancer recurrence from histopathological images in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study.

Journal Article NPJ Breast Cancer · November 11, 2023 Approaches for rapidly identifying patients at high risk of early breast cancer recurrence are needed. Image-based methods for prescreening hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained tumor slides could offer temporal and financial efficiency. We evaluated a data ... Full text Link to item Cite

Growth Dynamics of Ductal Carcinoma in Situ Recapitulate Normal Breast Development.

Journal Article bioRxiv · October 2, 2023 Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and invasive breast cancer share many morphologic, proteomic, and genomic alterations. Yet in contrast to invasive cancer, many DCIS tumors do not progress and may remain indolent over decades. To better understand the heter ... Full text Link to item Cite

Differential distribution of actual and surrogate oncotype DX recurrence scores in breast cancer patients by age, menopausal status, race, and body mass index.

Journal Article Breast Cancer Res Treat · October 2023 PURPOSE: The Oncotype DX Recurrence Score (RS) is a widely used prognostic tool for estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer patients. Multiple surrogate models can predict RS with good accuracy. In this study we aimed to determine whether the RS and two s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Reproducibility and intratumoral heterogeneity of the PAM50 breast cancer assay.

Journal Article Breast Cancer Res Treat · May 2023 BACKGROUND: The PAM50 assay is used routinely in clinical practice to determine breast cancer prognosis and management; however, research assessing how technical variation and intratumoral heterogeneity contribute to misclassification and reproducibility o ... Full text Link to item Cite

Race-Related Differences in the Clinical Presentation and Histopathologic Features of Phyllodes Tumor.

Journal Article Am Surg · March 2023 BACKGROUND: Phyllodes tumor (PT) is a rare fibroepithelial lesion of the breast with variable malignant potential. Black women have a higher incidence of a related benign tumor, fibroadenoma, but there are limited epidemiological data on PT. The aim of our ... Full text Link to item Cite

Stromal androgen signaling acts as tumor niches to drive prostatic basal epithelial progenitor-initiated oncogenesis.

Journal Article Nature communications · November 2022 The androgen receptor (AR)-signaling pathways are essential for prostate tumorigenesis. Although significant effort has been devoted to directly targeting AR-expressing tumor cells, these therapies failed in most prostate cancer patients. Here, we demonstr ... Full text Cite

Pathobiologic Stratification of Oncotype DX Recurrence Scores and Comparative Validation of 3 Surrogate Models.

Conference Arch Pathol Lab Med · October 1, 2022 CONTEXT.—: The Oncotype DX Recurrence Score (RS) predicts recurrence and chemotherapy benefit in early-stage estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer patients. Cost and unavailability are 2 major disadvantages of the assay. Multiple models have been develo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Gene expression signatures of individual ductal carcinoma in situ lesions identify processes and biomarkers associated with progression towards invasive ductal carcinoma.

Journal Article Nat Commun · June 13, 2022 Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is considered a non-invasive precursor to breast cancer, and although associated with an increased risk of developing invasive disease, many women with DCIS will never progress beyond their in situ diagnosis. The path from n ... Full text Link to item Cite

JOINT AND INDIVIDUAL ANALYSIS OF BREAST CANCER HISTOLOGIC IMAGES AND GENOMIC COVARIATES.

Journal Article Ann Appl Stat · December 2021 The two main approaches in the study of breast cancer are histopathology (analyzing visual characteristics of tumors) and genomics. While both histopathology and genomics are fundamental to cancer research, the connections between these fields have been re ... Full text Link to item Cite

Expression of X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein (XIAP) in Breast Cancer Is Associated with Shorter Survival and Resistance to Chemotherapy.

Journal Article Cancers (Basel) · June 4, 2021 XIAP, the most potent inhibitor of cell death pathways, is linked to chemotherapy resistance and tumor aggressiveness. Currently, multiple XIAP-targeting agents are in clinical trials. However, the characterization of XIAP expression in relation to clinico ... Full text Link to item Cite

Spatiotemporal strategies to identify aggressive biology in precancerous breast biopsies.

Journal Article WIREs Mech Dis · March 2021 Over 90% of breast cancer is cured; yet there remain highly aggressive breast cancers that develop rapidly and are extremely difficult to treat, much less prevent. Breast cancers that rapidly develop between breast image screening are called "interval canc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Outcomes of Hormone-Receptor Positive, HER2-Negative Breast Cancers by Race and Tumor Biological Features.

Journal Article JNCI Cancer Spectr · February 2021 BACKGROUND: Black women have higher hormone receptor positive (HR+) breast cancer mortality than White women. Early recurrence rates differ by race, but little is known about genomic predictors of early recurrence among HR+ women. METHODS: Using data from ... Full text Link to item Cite

Quantitative assessment of distant recurrence risk in early stage breast cancer using a nonlinear combination of pathological, clinical and imaging variables.

Journal Article J Biophotonics · October 2020 Use of genomic assays to determine distant recurrence risk in patients with early stage breast cancer has expanded and is now included in the American Joint Committee on Cancer staging manual. Algorithmic alternatives using standard clinical and pathology ... Full text Link to item Cite

Borderline Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancers in Black and White Women.

Journal Article J Natl Cancer Inst · July 1, 2020 BACKGROUND: Some breast tumors expressing greater than 1% and less than 10% estrogen receptor (ER) positivity (ER-borderline) are clinically aggressive; others exhibit luminal biology. Prior ER-borderline studies included few black participants. METHODS: U ... Full text Link to item Cite

Reversion and non-reversion mechanisms of resistance to PARP inhibitor or platinum chemotherapy in BRCA1/2-mutant metastatic breast cancer.

Journal Article Ann Oncol · May 2020 BACKGROUND: Little is known about mechanisms of resistance to poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) and platinum chemotherapy in patients with metastatic breast cancer and BRCA1/2 mutations. Further investigation of resistance in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Androgen receptor with short polyglutamine tract preferably enhances Wnt/β-catenin-mediated prostatic tumorigenesis.

Journal Article Oncogene · April 2020 Polyglutamine (polyQ) tract polymorphism within the human androgen receptor (AR) shows population heterogeneity. African American men possess short polyQ tracts significantly more frequently than Caucasian American men. The length of polyQ tracts is invers ... Full text Link to item Cite

Aberrant activation of hepatocyte growth factor/MET signaling promotes β-catenin-mediated prostatic tumorigenesis.

Journal Article J Biol Chem · January 10, 2020 Co-occurrence of aberrant hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/MET proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase (MET) and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways has been observed in advanced and metastatic prostate cancers. This co-occurrence positively correlates with pro ... Full text Link to item Cite

XIAP overexpressing inflammatory breast cancer patients have high infiltration of immunosuppressive subsets and increased TNFR1 signaling targetable with Birinapant.

Journal Article Transl Oncol · May 2024 OBJECTIVE: To assess the expression pattern of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), a cellular stress sensor, and delineate the associated changes in the tumor immune microenvironment (TiME) for prognostic value and new therapeutic targets in in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Androgen deprivation induces double-null prostate cancer via aberrant nuclear export and ribosomal biogenesis through HGF and Wnt activation.

Journal Article Nat Commun · February 9, 2024 Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) targeting androgen/androgen receptor (AR)- signaling pathways is the main therapy for advanced prostate cancer (PCa). However, ADT eventually fails in most patients who consequently develop castration-resistant prostate c ... Full text Link to item Cite

Predicting early breast cancer recurrence from histopathological images in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study.

Journal Article NPJ Breast Cancer · November 11, 2023 Approaches for rapidly identifying patients at high risk of early breast cancer recurrence are needed. Image-based methods for prescreening hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained tumor slides could offer temporal and financial efficiency. We evaluated a data ... Full text Link to item Cite

Growth Dynamics of Ductal Carcinoma in Situ Recapitulate Normal Breast Development.

Journal Article bioRxiv · October 2, 2023 Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and invasive breast cancer share many morphologic, proteomic, and genomic alterations. Yet in contrast to invasive cancer, many DCIS tumors do not progress and may remain indolent over decades. To better understand the heter ... Full text Link to item Cite

Differential distribution of actual and surrogate oncotype DX recurrence scores in breast cancer patients by age, menopausal status, race, and body mass index.

Journal Article Breast Cancer Res Treat · October 2023 PURPOSE: The Oncotype DX Recurrence Score (RS) is a widely used prognostic tool for estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer patients. Multiple surrogate models can predict RS with good accuracy. In this study we aimed to determine whether the RS and two s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Reproducibility and intratumoral heterogeneity of the PAM50 breast cancer assay.

Journal Article Breast Cancer Res Treat · May 2023 BACKGROUND: The PAM50 assay is used routinely in clinical practice to determine breast cancer prognosis and management; however, research assessing how technical variation and intratumoral heterogeneity contribute to misclassification and reproducibility o ... Full text Link to item Cite

Race-Related Differences in the Clinical Presentation and Histopathologic Features of Phyllodes Tumor.

Journal Article Am Surg · March 2023 BACKGROUND: Phyllodes tumor (PT) is a rare fibroepithelial lesion of the breast with variable malignant potential. Black women have a higher incidence of a related benign tumor, fibroadenoma, but there are limited epidemiological data on PT. The aim of our ... Full text Link to item Cite

Stromal androgen signaling acts as tumor niches to drive prostatic basal epithelial progenitor-initiated oncogenesis.

Journal Article Nature communications · November 2022 The androgen receptor (AR)-signaling pathways are essential for prostate tumorigenesis. Although significant effort has been devoted to directly targeting AR-expressing tumor cells, these therapies failed in most prostate cancer patients. Here, we demonstr ... Full text Cite

Pathobiologic Stratification of Oncotype DX Recurrence Scores and Comparative Validation of 3 Surrogate Models.

Conference Arch Pathol Lab Med · October 1, 2022 CONTEXT.—: The Oncotype DX Recurrence Score (RS) predicts recurrence and chemotherapy benefit in early-stage estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer patients. Cost and unavailability are 2 major disadvantages of the assay. Multiple models have been develo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Gene expression signatures of individual ductal carcinoma in situ lesions identify processes and biomarkers associated with progression towards invasive ductal carcinoma.

Journal Article Nat Commun · June 13, 2022 Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is considered a non-invasive precursor to breast cancer, and although associated with an increased risk of developing invasive disease, many women with DCIS will never progress beyond their in situ diagnosis. The path from n ... Full text Link to item Cite

JOINT AND INDIVIDUAL ANALYSIS OF BREAST CANCER HISTOLOGIC IMAGES AND GENOMIC COVARIATES.

Journal Article Ann Appl Stat · December 2021 The two main approaches in the study of breast cancer are histopathology (analyzing visual characteristics of tumors) and genomics. While both histopathology and genomics are fundamental to cancer research, the connections between these fields have been re ... Full text Link to item Cite

Expression of X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein (XIAP) in Breast Cancer Is Associated with Shorter Survival and Resistance to Chemotherapy.

Journal Article Cancers (Basel) · June 4, 2021 XIAP, the most potent inhibitor of cell death pathways, is linked to chemotherapy resistance and tumor aggressiveness. Currently, multiple XIAP-targeting agents are in clinical trials. However, the characterization of XIAP expression in relation to clinico ... Full text Link to item Cite

Spatiotemporal strategies to identify aggressive biology in precancerous breast biopsies.

Journal Article WIREs Mech Dis · March 2021 Over 90% of breast cancer is cured; yet there remain highly aggressive breast cancers that develop rapidly and are extremely difficult to treat, much less prevent. Breast cancers that rapidly develop between breast image screening are called "interval canc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Outcomes of Hormone-Receptor Positive, HER2-Negative Breast Cancers by Race and Tumor Biological Features.

Journal Article JNCI Cancer Spectr · February 2021 BACKGROUND: Black women have higher hormone receptor positive (HR+) breast cancer mortality than White women. Early recurrence rates differ by race, but little is known about genomic predictors of early recurrence among HR+ women. METHODS: Using data from ... Full text Link to item Cite

Quantitative assessment of distant recurrence risk in early stage breast cancer using a nonlinear combination of pathological, clinical and imaging variables.

Journal Article J Biophotonics · October 2020 Use of genomic assays to determine distant recurrence risk in patients with early stage breast cancer has expanded and is now included in the American Joint Committee on Cancer staging manual. Algorithmic alternatives using standard clinical and pathology ... Full text Link to item Cite

Borderline Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancers in Black and White Women.

Journal Article J Natl Cancer Inst · July 1, 2020 BACKGROUND: Some breast tumors expressing greater than 1% and less than 10% estrogen receptor (ER) positivity (ER-borderline) are clinically aggressive; others exhibit luminal biology. Prior ER-borderline studies included few black participants. METHODS: U ... Full text Link to item Cite

Reversion and non-reversion mechanisms of resistance to PARP inhibitor or platinum chemotherapy in BRCA1/2-mutant metastatic breast cancer.

Journal Article Ann Oncol · May 2020 BACKGROUND: Little is known about mechanisms of resistance to poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) and platinum chemotherapy in patients with metastatic breast cancer and BRCA1/2 mutations. Further investigation of resistance in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Androgen receptor with short polyglutamine tract preferably enhances Wnt/β-catenin-mediated prostatic tumorigenesis.

Journal Article Oncogene · April 2020 Polyglutamine (polyQ) tract polymorphism within the human androgen receptor (AR) shows population heterogeneity. African American men possess short polyQ tracts significantly more frequently than Caucasian American men. The length of polyQ tracts is invers ... Full text Link to item Cite

Aberrant activation of hepatocyte growth factor/MET signaling promotes β-catenin-mediated prostatic tumorigenesis.

Journal Article J Biol Chem · January 10, 2020 Co-occurrence of aberrant hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/MET proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase (MET) and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways has been observed in advanced and metastatic prostate cancers. This co-occurrence positively correlates with pro ... Full text Link to item Cite

Bimodal age distribution at diagnosis in breast cancer persists across molecular and genomic classifications.

Journal Article Breast Cancer Res Treat · January 2020 PURPOSE: Female breast cancer demonstrates bimodal age frequency distribution patterns at diagnosis, interpretable as two main etiologic subtypes or groupings of tumors with shared risk factors. While RNA-based methods including PAM50 have identified well- ... Full text Link to item Cite

Loss of androgen signaling in mesenchymal sonic hedgehog responsive cells diminishes prostate development, growth, and regeneration.

Journal Article PLoS Genet · January 2020 Prostate embryonic development, pubertal and adult growth, maintenance, and regeneration are regulated through androgen signaling-mediated mesenchymal-epithelial interactions. Specifically, the essential role of mesenchymal androgen signaling in the develo ... Full text Link to item Cite

DNA methylation markers predict recurrence-free interval in triple-negative breast cancer.

Journal Article NPJ Breast Cancer · 2020 We lack tools to risk-stratify triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Our goal was to develop molecular tools to predict disease recurrence. Methylation array analysis was performed on 110 samples treated by locoregional therapy obtained from institutional ... Full text Link to item Cite

The comprehensive role of E-cadherin in maintaining prostatic epithelial integrity during oncogenic transformation and tumor progression.

Journal Article PLoS Genet · October 2019 E-cadherin complexes with the actin cytoskeleton via cytoplasmic catenins and maintains the functional characteristics and integrity of the epithelia in normal epithelial tissues. Lost expression of E-cadherin disrupts this complex resulting in loss of cel ... Full text Link to item Cite

Loss of the tumor suppressor, Tp53, enhances the androgen receptor-mediated oncogenic transformation and tumor development in the mouse prostate.

Journal Article Oncogene · September 2019 Recent genome analysis of human prostate cancers demonstrated that both AR gene amplification and TP53 mutation are among the most frequently observed alterations in advanced prostate cancer. However, the biological role of these dual genetic alterations i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mammographic density: intersection of advocacy, science, and clinical practice.

Journal Article Curr Breast Cancer Rep · September 2019 PURPOSE: Here we aim to review the association between mammographic density, collagen structure and breast cancer risk. FINDINGS: While mammographic density is a strong predictor of breast cancer risk in populations, studies by Boyd show that mammographic ... Full text Link to item Cite

Expression of tetraspanins NET-6 and CD151 in breast cancer as a potential tumor biomarker.

Journal Article Clin Exp Med · August 2019 Tetraspanins have been implicated in multiple biological functions including protein networking and cell signaling. NET-6 (TSPAN 13) has been demonstrated to be a tumor suppressor gene in breast cancer, while CD151 is more likely to act as an oncogene. How ... Full text Link to item Cite

CaMKK2 in myeloid cells is a key regulator of the immune-suppressive microenvironment in breast cancer.

Journal Article Nat Commun · June 4, 2019 Tumor-associated myeloid cells regulate tumor growth and metastasis, and their accumulation is a negative prognostic factor for breast cancer. Here we find calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase kinase (CaMKK2) to be highly expressed within intratumoral myelo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Differences in race, molecular and tumor characteristics among women diagnosed with invasive ductal and lobular breast carcinomas.

Journal Article Cancer Causes Control · January 2019 BACKGROUND: The dominant invasive breast cancer histologic subtype, ductal carcinoma, shows intrinsic subtype diversity. However, lobular breast cancers are predominantly Luminal A. Both histologic subtypes show distinct relationships with patient and tumo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Deletion of the p16INK4a tumor suppressor and expression of the androgen receptor induce sarcomatoid carcinomas with signet ring cells in the mouse prostate.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2019 The tumor suppressor p16Ink4a, encoded by the INK4a gene, is an inhibitor of cyclin D-dependent kinases 4 and 6, CDK4 and CDK6. This inhibition prevents the phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma protein (pRb), resulting in cellular senescence through inhib ... Full text Link to item Cite

Circulating Biomarkers and Resistance to Endocrine Therapy in Metastatic Breast Cancers: Correlative Results from AZD9496 Oral SERD Phase I Trial.

Journal Article Clin Cancer Res · December 1, 2018 PURPOSE: Common resistance mechanisms to endocrine therapy (ET) in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive metastatic breast cancers include, among others, ER loss and acquired activating mutations in the ligand-binding domain of the ER gene (ESR1LBDm). ESR1 mutat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Differential cellular localization of CELSR2 and ING4 and correlations with hormone receptor status in breast cancer.

Journal Article Histol Histopathol · August 2018 CELSR2 is postulated to be a receptor involved in contact-mediated communication; however, its expression and function in cancer remain unknown. ING4 is a tumor suppresor encoded by the ING4 gene which inhibits cell growth. The expression of CELSR2 and ING ... Full text Link to item Cite

Estrogen-regulated feedback loop limits the efficacy of estrogen receptor-targeted breast cancer therapy.

Journal Article Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · July 31, 2018 Endocrine therapy resistance invariably develops in advanced estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer, but the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. We have identified C-terminal SRC kinase (CSK) as a critical node in a previously unappreciated ... Full text Link to item Cite

XIAP Regulation by MNK Links MAPK and NFκB Signaling to Determine an Aggressive Breast Cancer Phenotype.

Journal Article Cancer Res · April 1, 2018 Hyperactivation of the NFκB pathway is a distinct feature of inflammatory breast cancer (IBC), a highly proliferative and lethal disease. Gene expression studies in IBC patient tissue have linked EGFR (EGFR/HER2)-mediated MAPK signaling to NFκB hyperactivi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Frequency of breast cancer subtypes among African American women in the AMBER consortium.

Journal Article Breast Cancer Res · February 6, 2018 BACKGROUND: Breast cancer subtype can be classified using standard clinical markers (estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)), supplemented with additional markers. However, automated biomarker ... Full text Link to item Cite

Racial Differences in PAM50 Subtypes in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study.

Journal Article J Natl Cancer Inst · February 1, 2018 BACKGROUND: African American breast cancer patients have lower frequency of hormone receptor-positive (HR+)/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative disease and higher subtype-specific mortality. Racial differences in molecular subtype with ... Full text Link to item Cite

Reproductive risk factor associations with lobular and ductal carcinoma in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study.

Journal Article Cancer Causes Control · January 2018 BACKGROUND: Invasive lobular breast tumors display unique reproductive risk factor profiles. Lobular tumors are predominantly Luminal A subtype, and it is unclear whether reported risk factor associations are independent of molecular subtype. METHODS: Poly ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prediagnostic Smoking Is Associated with Binary and Quantitative Measures of ER Protein and ESR1 mRNA Expression in Breast Tumors.

Journal Article Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev · January 2018 Background: Smoking is a possible risk factor for breast cancer and has been linked to increased risk of estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) disease in some epidemiologic studies. It is unknown whether smoking has quantitative effects on ER expression.Methods ... Full text Link to item Cite

TP53 protein levels, RNA-based pathway assessment, and race among invasive breast cancer cases.

Journal Article NPJ Breast Cancer · 2018 Mutations in tumor suppressor TP53 have been inconsistently linked to breast cancer risk factors and survival. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining, a primary clinical means of TP53 mutation determination, only detects mutations that facilitate protein accu ... Full text Link to item Cite

Image analysis with deep learning to predict breast cancer grade, ER status, histologic subtype, and intrinsic subtype.

Journal Article NPJ Breast Cancer · 2018 RNA-based, multi-gene molecular assays are available and widely used for patients with ER-positive/HER2-negative breast cancers. However, RNA-based genomic tests can be costly and are not available in many countries. Methods for inferring molecular subtype ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ki-67 Expression in Breast Cancer Tissue Microarrays: Assessing Tumor Heterogeneity, Concordance With Full Section, and Scoring Methods.

Journal Article Am J Clin Pathol · August 1, 2017 OBJECTIVES: Ki-67 has been proposed to be used as a surrogate marker to differentiate luminal breast carcinomas (BCs). The purpose of this study was to determine the utility of and best approaches for using tissue microarrays (TMAs) and Ki-67 staining to d ... Full text Link to item Cite

Abstract CT047: Phase 1 dose-escalation study of the CDK inhibitor dinaciclib in combination with the PARP inhibitor veliparib in patients with advanced solid tumors

Conference Cancer Research · July 1, 2017 AbstractBackground: Although PARP inhibition is effective against HR repair-deficient cancers, efficacy is limited by HR proficiency, whether present de novo or as a result of acquired resistance, prompting ... Full text Cite

Abstract 2796: Development of a RAD51-based assay for determining homologous recombination proficiency and PARP inhibitor sensitivity

Conference Cancer Research · July 1, 2017 AbstractHomologous recombination (HR) repair deficiency confers sensitivity to inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). To date, the identification of tumors with impaired HR has relied on genomic f ... Full text Cite

Prostate-derived Ets factor, an oncogenic driver in breast cancer.

Journal Article Tumour Biol · May 2017 Prostate-derived Ets factor (PDEF), a member of the Ets family of transcription factors, differs from other family members in its restricted expression in normal tissues and its unique DNA-binding motif. These interesting attributes coupled with its aberra ... Full text Link to item Cite

CYP27A1 Loss Dysregulates Cholesterol Homeostasis in Prostate Cancer.

Journal Article Cancer Res · April 1, 2017 In this study, we used a bioinformatic approach to identify genes whose expression is dysregulated in human prostate cancers. One of the most dramatically downregulated genes identified encodes CYP27A1, an enzyme involved in regulating cellular cholesterol ... Full text Link to item Cite

Miniature spectral imaging device for wide-field quantitative functional imaging of the morphological landscape of breast tumor margins.

Journal Article J Biomed Opt · February 1, 2017 We have developed a portable, breast margin assessment probe leveraging diffuse optical spectroscopy to quantify the morphological landscape of breast tumor margins during breast conserving surgery. The approach presented here leverages a custom-made 16-ch ... Full text Link to item Cite

Abstract LB-015: XIAP induction by the MAPK-eIF4G1 pathway drives NFκB activation in inflammatory breast cancer growth and therapeutic resistance

Conference Cancer Research · July 15, 2016 AbstractInflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is the most lethal, distinct form of breast cancer, however, the basis for its aggressiveness and rapid acquisition of drug resistance is not fully understood. Using ... Full text Cite

Rapid staining and imaging of subnuclear features to differentiate between malignant and benign breast tissues at a point-of-care setting.

Journal Article J Cancer Res Clin Oncol · July 2016 PURPOSE: Histopathology is the clinical standard for tissue diagnosis; however, it requires tissue processing, laboratory personnel and infrastructure, and a highly trained pathologist to diagnose the tissue. Optical microscopy can provide real-time diagno ... Full text Link to item Cite

Rational Manual and Automated Scoring Thresholds for the Immunohistochemical Detection of TP53 Missense Mutations in Human Breast Carcinomas.

Journal Article Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol · July 2016 Missense mutations in TP53 are common in human breast cancer, have been associated with worse prognosis, and may predict therapy effect. TP53 missense mutations are associated with aberrant accumulation of p53 protein in tumor cell nuclei. Previous studies ... Full text Link to item Cite

Intratumoral heterogeneity as a source of discordance in breast cancer biomarker classification.

Journal Article Breast Cancer Res · June 28, 2016 BACKGROUND: Spatial heterogeneity in biomarker expression may impact breast cancer classification. The aims of this study were to estimate the frequency of spatial heterogeneity in biomarker expression within tumors, to identify technical and biological fa ... Full text Link to item Cite

Validation of an oligo-gene signature for the prognostic stratification of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS).

Journal Article Breast Cancer Res Treat · June 2016 Current evidence suggests that the majority of DCIS lesions do not progress to invasive carcinoma, and overtreatment of DCIS is a significant problem. We previously reported an 8-gene signature that differentiated microdissected low-grade (LG) DCIS lesions ... Full text Link to item Cite

Correlation of breast tissue histology and optical signatures to improve margin assessment techniques.

Journal Article J Biomed Opt · June 1, 2016 Optical spectroscopy is sensitive to morphological composition and has potential applications in intraoperative margin assessment. Here, we evaluate ex vivo breast tissue and corresponding quantified hematoxylin & eosin images to correlate optical scatteri ... Full text Link to item Cite

Performance of Three-Biomarker Immunohistochemistry for Intrinsic Breast Cancer Subtyping in the AMBER Consortium.

Journal Article Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev · March 2016 BACKGROUND: Classification of breast cancer into intrinsic subtypes has clinical and epidemiologic importance. To examine accuracy of IHC-based methods for identifying intrinsic subtypes, a three-biomarker IHC panel was compared with the clinical record an ... Full text Link to item Cite

Inverse association between MDM2 and HUWE1 protein expression levels in human breast cancer and liposarcoma.

Journal Article Int J Clin Exp Pathol · 2016 The ubiquitin E3 ligase MDM2 is best known for its ability to suppress the tumor suppressor p53. However, MDM2 also targets other proteins for proteasomal degradation and accumulating evidence strongly suggests p53-independent roles of MDM2 in cancer. We p ... Link to item Cite

A quantitative microscopic approach to predict local recurrence based on in vivo intraoperative imaging of sarcoma tumor margins.

Journal Article Int J Cancer · November 15, 2015 The goal of resection of soft tissue sarcomas located in the extremity is to preserve limb function while completely excising the tumor with a margin of normal tissue. With surgery alone, one-third of patients with soft tissue sarcoma of the extremity will ... Full text Link to item Cite

FAS Death Receptor: A Breast Cancer Subtype-Specific Radiation Response Biomarker and Potential Therapeutic Target.

Journal Article Radiat Res · November 2015 Although a standardized approach to radiotherapy has been used to treat breast cancer, regardless of subtype (e.g., luminal, basal), recent clinical data suggest that radiation response may vary significantly among subtypes. We hypothesized that this clini ... Full text Link to item Cite

CHAMBER: A Regional Performance Improvement CME Initiative for Breast Cancer Health Care Providers.

Journal Article J Natl Compr Canc Netw · August 2015 CHAMBER was a regional educational initiative for providers of care to patients with HER2+ breast cancer. The study goals were to (1) enhance testing for HER2/neu overexpression in patients with invasive breast cancer; (2) increase the appropriate use of t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Preoperative Single-Fraction Partial Breast Radiation Therapy: A Novel Phase 1, Dose-Escalation Protocol With Radiation Response Biomarkers.

Journal Article Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys · July 15, 2015 PURPOSE: Women with biologically favorable early-stage breast cancer are increasingly treated with accelerated partial breast radiation (PBI). However, treatment-related morbidities have been linked to the large postoperative treatment volumes required for ... Full text Link to item Cite

Nuclear basic fibroblast growth factor regulates triple-negative breast cancer chemo-resistance.

Journal Article Breast Cancer Res · July 4, 2015 INTRODUCTION: Chemotherapy remains the only available treatment for triple-negative (TN) breast cancer, and most patients exhibit an incomplete pathologic response. Half of patients exhibiting an incomplete pathologic response die within five years of trea ... Full text Link to item Cite

Abstract P6-14-05: A novel link between anti-apoptotic signaling, NFκB, and SMAD7 in IBC pathobiology

Conference Cancer Research · May 1, 2015 AbstractBackground: Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) has the highest lethality amongst all subtypes of breast cancer and develops rapid therapeutic resistance. High NFκB activation has been identified as a d ... Full text Cite

A Quantitative Diffuse Reflectance Imaging (QDRI) System for Comprehensive Surveillance of the Morphological Landscape in Breast Tumor Margins.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2015 In an ongoing effort to address the clear clinical unmet needs surrounding breast conserving surgery (BCS), our group has developed a next-generation multiplexed optical-fiber-based tool to assess breast tumor margin status during initial surgeries. Specif ... Full text Link to item Cite

Nuclear basic fibroblast growth factor regulates triple-negative breast cancer chemo-resistance

Journal Article Breast Cancer Research · 2015 © 2015 Li et al.Introduction: Chemotherapy remains the only available treatment for triple-negative (TN) breast cancer, and most patients exhibit an incomplete pathologic response. Half of patients exhibiting an incomplete pathologic response die within fi ... Full text Cite

Abstract C16: Feasibility study: Protein profiling of primary breast cancers from premenopausal women

Journal Article Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention · November 1, 2014 AbstractAfrican American women are more likely to be diagnosed with aggressive breast cancer at a younger age, have a higher risk of death, and have a higher prevalence of obesity than their Caucasian counte ... Full text Cite

DNA methylation profiling in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study defines cancer subclasses differing in clinicopathologic characteristics and survival.

Journal Article Breast Cancer Res · October 7, 2014 INTRODUCTION: Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease, with several intrinsic subtypes differing by hormone receptor (HR) status, molecular profiles, and prognosis. However, the role of DNA methylation in breast cancer development and progression and its ... Full text Link to item Cite

A signature of epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity and stromal activation in primary tumor modulates late recurrence in breast cancer independent of disease subtype.

Journal Article Breast Cancer Res · July 25, 2014 INTRODUCTION: Despite improvements in adjuvant therapy, late systemic recurrences remain a lethal consequence of both early- and late-stage breast cancer. A delayed recurrence is thought to arise from a state of tumor dormancy, but the mechanisms that gove ... Full text Link to item Cite

Automated, quantitative analysis of histopathological staining in nuclei.

Journal Article AMIA Jt Summits Transl Sci Proc · 2014 Technological advances have allowed the generation of high-throughput imaging of tissue sections. However, the analysis of these samples is typically still performed manually by one or multiple pathologists. We present a novel statistical model for the aut ... Link to item Cite

αB-crystallin: a novel regulator of breast cancer metastasis to the brain.

Journal Article Clin Cancer Res · January 1, 2014 PURPOSE: Basal-like breast tumors are typically (ER/PR/HER2) triple-negative and are associated with a high incidence of brain metastases and poor clinical outcomes. The molecular chaperone αB-crystallin is predominantly expressed in triple-negative breast ... Full text Link to item Cite

27-Hydroxycholesterol links hypercholesterolemia and breast cancer pathophysiology.

Journal Article Science · November 29, 2013 Hypercholesterolemia is a risk factor for estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancers and is associated with a decreased response of tumors to endocrine therapies. Here, we show that 27-hydroxycholesterol (27HC), a primary metabolite of cholesterol and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Quantitative segmentation of fluorescence microscopy images of heterogeneous tissue: Approach for tuning algorithm parameters

Journal Article Progress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging - Proceedings of SPIE · May 27, 2013 The combination of fluorescent contrast agents with microscopy is a powerful technique to obtain real time images of tissue histology without the need for fixing, sectioning, and staining. The potential of this technology lies in the identification of robu ... Full text Cite

A network of substrates of the E3 ubiquitin ligases MDM2 and HUWE1 control apoptosis independently of p53.

Journal Article Sci Signal · May 7, 2013 In the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis, cell-damaging signals promote the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria, triggering activation of the Apaf-1 and caspase-9 apoptosome. The ubiquitin E3 ligase MDM2 decreases the stability of the proapoptotic facto ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Multidisciplinary care of patients with early-stage breast cancer.

Journal Article Surg Oncol Clin N Am · April 2013 There is a compelling need for close coordination and integration of multiple specialties in the management of patients with early-stage breast cancer. Optimal patient care and outcomes depend on the sequential and often simultaneous participation and dial ... Full text Link to item Cite

Quantitative Segmentation of Fluorescence Microscopy Images of Heterogeneous Tissue: Application to the Detection of Residual Disease in Tumor Margins.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2013 PURPOSE: To develop a robust tool for quantitative in situ pathology that allows visualization of heterogeneous tissue morphology and segmentation and quantification of image features. MATERIALS AND METHODS: TISSUE EXCISED FROM A GENETICALLY ENGINEERED MOU ... Full text Link to item Cite

Optical spectral surveillance of breast tissue landscapes for detection of residual disease in breast tumor margins.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2013 We demonstrate a strategy to "sense" the micro-morphology of a breast tumor margin over a wide field of view by creating quantitative hyperspectral maps of the tissue optical properties (absorption and scattering), where each voxel can be deconstructed to ... Full text Link to item Cite

Differential copy number aberrations in novel candidate genes associated with progression from in situ to invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast.

Journal Article Genes Chromosomes Cancer · December 2012 Only a minority of intraductal carcinomas of the breast give rise to stromally invasive disease. We microdissected 206 paraffin blocks representing 116 different cases of low-grade ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Fifty-five were pure DCIS (PD) cases witho ... Full text Link to item Cite

PDEF in prostate cancer.

Journal Article Prostate · May 1, 2012 Prostate-derived Ets factor (PDEF) is a relatively recently described member of the Ets family of transcription factors. It differs from other family members in its restricted and epithelial-specific expression in normal tissues and its unique DNA-binding ... Full text Link to item Cite

Amplification and high-level expression of heat shock protein 90 marks aggressive phenotypes of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative breast cancer.

Journal Article Breast Cancer Res · April 17, 2012 INTRODUCTION: Although human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positive or estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancers are treated with clinically validated anti-HER2 or anti-estrogen therapies, intrinsic and acquired resistance to these therapi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Upregulation of VEGF-A and CD24 gene expression by the tGLI1 transcription factor contributes to the aggressive behavior of breast cancer cells.

Journal Article Oncogene · January 5, 2012 The Hedgehog signaling pathway is one of the most dysregulated pathways in human cancers. The glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 (GLI1) transcription factor is the terminal effector of the Hedgehog pathway, frequently activated in human breast cancer and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Optical spectral imaging for breast margin assessment: A comprehensive assessment of sources of contrast

Journal Article Biomedical Optics, BIOMED 2012 · January 1, 2012 Achieving tumor-free surgical margins is desired to avoid recurrence. Diffuse reflectance imaging can assess margin status; however, understanding tissue kinetics, cautery, and patient variability is necessary to exploit optical contrast to detect positive ... Full text Cite

Advancing optical imaging for breast margin assessment: an analysis of excisional time, cautery, and patent blue dye on underlying sources of contrast.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2012 Breast conserving surgery (BCS) is a recommended treatment for breast cancer patients where the goal is to remove the tumor and a surrounding rim of normal tissue. Unfortunately, a high percentage of patients return for additional surgeries to remove all o ... Full text Link to item Cite

Endobronchial metastatic breast cancer with pagetoid histology mimicking bronchial pagetoid squamous cell carcinoma in situ.

Journal Article Hum Pathol · November 2011 We report a case of a 56-year-old woman with endobronchial breast cancer metastasis of unusual histology. The patient presented with persistent cough, and a lesion was noted in the left mainstem bronchus on bronchoscopic examination. Biopsy revealed extens ... Full text Link to item Cite

Nuclear Snail1 and nuclear ZEB1 protein expression in invasive and intraductal human breast carcinomas.

Journal Article Hum Pathol · August 2011 Snail1 and ZEB1 are transcriptional repressors that drive tumor initiation and metastasis in animal models. Snail1 and ZEB1 are frequently coexpressed in tumor cell lines, suggesting that these factors may cooperate to promote tumor progression. However, c ... Full text Link to item Cite

Histiocytoid carcinoma of the male breast.

Journal Article Ann Diagn Pathol · June 2011 Histiocytoid carcinoma of the breast is a rare tumor with approximately 30 cases reported, all occurring in female patients. We report the first case of histiocytoid breast carcinoma in a male patient. A 68-year-old man presented with a 2.5-cm breast mass. ... Full text Link to item Cite

The genomic relationship between primary breast carcinomas and their nodal metastases.

Journal Article Cancer Invest · May 2011 We screened the whole tumor genome to identify DNA copy number gains and losses that discriminate between primary breast carcinomas (MP) and their nodal metastases (ML). Six candidate genes were confirmed by quantitative PCR to have differentially distribu ... Full text Link to item Cite

Identification of metastasis-associated breast cancer genes using a high-resolution whole genome profiling approach.

Journal Article J Cancer Res Clin Oncol · May 2011 PURPOSE: We employed a whole genome tumor profiling approach in an attempt to identify DNA copy number alterations (CNAs) and new candidate genes that are correlated with the metastatic potential of a primary breast carcinoma and with progression at the me ... Full text Link to item Cite

Protein microarray analysis of mammary epithelial cells from obese and nonobese women at high risk for breast cancer: feasibility data.

Journal Article Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev · March 2011 BACKGROUND: Obesity is a well-established risk factor for cancer, accounting for up to 20% of cancer deaths in women. Studies of women with breast cancer have shown obesity to be associated with an increased risk of dying from breast cancer and increased r ... Full text Link to item Cite

Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway activation in breast cancer brain metastases.

Journal Article Breast Cancer Res · 2011 INTRODUCTION: Activation status of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway in breast cancer brain metastases (BCBMs) is largely unknown. We examined expression of phospho(p)-AKT, p-S6, and phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) in BCBMs and their ... Full text Link to item Cite

Endobronchial metastatic breast cancer with pagetoid histology mimicking bronchial pagetoid squamous cell carcinoma in situ

Journal Article Human Pathology · January 1, 2011 We report a case of a 56-year-old woman with endobronchial breast cancer metastasis of unusual histology. The patient presented with persistent cough, and a lesion was noted in the left mainstem bronchus on bronchoscopic examination. Biopsy revealed extens ... Full text Cite

Intrinsic breast tumor subtypes, race, and long-term survival in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study.

Journal Article Clin Cancer Res · December 15, 2010 PURPOSE: Previous research identified differences in breast cancer-specific mortality across 4 intrinsic tumor subtypes: luminal A, luminal B, basal-like, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive/estrogen receptor negative (HER2(+)/ER(-)). EXP ... Full text Link to item Cite

The oncotype DX recurrence score is correlated with a composite index including routinely reported pathobiologic features.

Journal Article Cancer Invest · November 2010 In a series of 177 breast carcinomas, we found that the Oncotype DX Recurrence Score (RS) was correlated with six pathobiologic features: estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 status, and the three component ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assessment of breast tumor margins via quantitative diffuse reflectance imaging

Journal Article Progress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging - Proceedings of SPIE · May 7, 2010 A particular application of interest for tissue reflectance spectroscopy in the UV-Visible is intraoperative detection of residual cancer at the margins of excised breast tumors, which could prevent costly and unnecessary repeat surgeries. Our multi-discip ... Full text Cite

Intratumor heterogeneity and precision of microarray-based predictors of breast cancer biology and clinical outcome.

Journal Article J Clin Oncol · May 1, 2010 Featured Publication PURPOSE: Identifying sources of variation in expression microarray data and the effect of variance in gene expression measurements on complex predictive and diagnostic models is essential when translating microarray-based experimental approaches into clini ... Full text Link to item Cite

Performance metrics of an optical spectral imaging system for intra-operative assessment of breast tumor margins.

Journal Article Opt Express · April 12, 2010 As many as 20-70% of patients undergoing breast conserving surgery require repeat surgeries due to a close or positive surgical margin diagnosed post-operatively [1]. Currently there are no widely accepted tools for intra-operative margin assessment which ... Full text Link to item Cite

Optical assessment of tumor resection margins in the breast.

Journal Article IEEE J Sel Top Quantum Electron · March 1, 2010 Breast conserving surgery, in which the breast tumor and surrounding normal tissue are removed, is the primary mode of treatment for invasive and in situ carcinomas of the breast, conditions that affect nearly 200,000 women annually. Of these nearly 200,00 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Optical breast cancer margin assessment: an observational study of the effects of tissue heterogeneity on optical contrast.

Journal Article Breast Cancer Res · 2010 INTRODUCTION: Residual cancer following breast conserving surgery increases the risk of local recurrence and mortality. Margin assessment presents an unmet clinical need. Breast tissue is markedly heterogeneous, which makes distinguishing small foci of can ... Full text Link to item Cite

Quantitative spectral reflectance imaging device for intraoperative breast tumor margin assessment.

Journal Article Conference proceedings : ... Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Conference · December 1, 2009 Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy of tissue allows quantification of underlying physiological and morphological changes associated with cancer, provided that the absorption and scattering properties of the tissue can be effectively decoupled. A particular a ... Cite

Rapid noninvasive optical imaging of tissue composition in breast tumor margins.

Journal Article Am J Surg · October 2009 BACKGROUND: In women undergoing breast conserving surgery (BCS), up to 60% can require re-excision. Our objective is to develop an optically based technology which can differentiate benign from malignant breast tissues intraoperatively through differences ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sam-pointed domain containing Ets transcription factor in luminal breast cancer pathogenesis.

Journal Article Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev · June 2009 Featured Publication We previously described frequent overexpression of Sam-pointed domain containing Ets transcription factor (SPDEF), also known as PDEF, in human breast cancer, and suggested a role for this transcription factor in breast tumor progression. To seek evidence ... Full text Link to item Cite

Quantitative optical spectroscopy: a robust tool for direct measurement of breast cancer vascular oxygenation and total hemoglobin content in vivo.

Journal Article Cancer Res · April 1, 2009 Featured Publication We propose the use of a robust, biopsy needle-based, fiber-optic tool for routine clinical quantification of tumor oxygenation at the time of diagnostic biopsy for breast cancer. The purpose of this study was to show diffuse reflectance spectroscopy as a q ... Full text Link to item Cite

Co-expression of urokinase with haptoglobin in human carcinomas.

Journal Article J Surg Res · April 2009 BACKGROUND: We have shown that colon and breast cancer contains large amounts of urokinase (uPA), and that these cells are the actual sites of its synthesis. We isolated a large complex molecule consisting of the beta-chain of uPA, both chains of haptoglob ... Full text Link to item Cite

Quantitative spectral reflectance imaging device for intraoperative breast tumor margin assessment.

Journal Article Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · 2009 Featured Publication Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy of tissue allows quantification of underlying physiological and morphological changes associated with cancer, provided that the absorption and scattering properties of the tissue can be effectively decoupled. A particular a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Quantitative spectral reflectance imaging device for intraoperative breast tumor margin assessment.

Journal Article Conference proceedings : ... Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Conference · 2009 Cite

Epidemiology of basal-like breast cancer.

Journal Article Breast Cancer Res Treat · May 2008 Featured Publication Risk factors for the newly identified "intrinsic" breast cancer subtypes (luminal A, luminal B, basal-like and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive/estrogen receptor-negative) were determined in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study, a population-b ... Full text Link to item Cite

Expression characteristics of prostate-derived Ets factor support a role in breast and prostate cancer progression.

Journal Article Hum Pathol · November 2007 Featured Publication The purpose of this study was to understand the characteristics of prostate-derived Ets factor (PDEF) protein expression in breast and prostate cancer progression. A polyclonal antibody specific to PDEF was raised and reacted with tissue microarrays consis ... Full text Link to item Cite

The tetraspanin superfamily member NET-6 is a new tumor suppressor gene.

Journal Article J Cancer Res Clin Oncol · October 2007 Featured Publication PURPOSE: NET-6 is a largely uncharacterized member of the tetraspanin superfamily. We have recently shown that its expression level was lowest in breast carcinomas with aggressive characteristics. We now describe the phenotypic and molecular changes induce ... Full text Link to item Cite

Downregulation of TSLC1 and DAL-1 expression occurs frequently in breast cancer.

Journal Article Breast Cancer Res Treat · July 2007 TSLC1 and DAL-1 are tumor suppressor genes involved in cell adhesion. In this study, we examined the expression and methylation pattern of these genes in breast cancer cell lines and primary breast carcinomas. TSLC1 expression was lost in 5 of 8 (63%) and ... Full text Link to item Cite

hZip2 and hZip3 zinc transporters are down regulated in human prostate adenocarcinomatous glands.

Journal Article Mol Cancer · June 5, 2007 BACKGROUND: The normal human prostate glandular epithelium has the unique function of accumulating high levels of zinc. In prostate cancer this capability is lost as an early event in the development of the malignant cells. The mechanism and factors respon ... Full text Link to item Cite

Akt expression may predict favorable prognosis in cholangiocarcinoma.

Journal Article J Gastroenterol Hepatol · November 2006 BACKGROUND: Overexpression of signaling proteins including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), Akt, mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) occurs in cholangiocarcinoma cell lines. However, the prognostic value of these ma ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prognostic significance of MCM2, Ki-67 and gelsolin in non-small cell lung cancer.

Journal Article BMC Cancer · August 1, 2006 BACKGROUND: Uncontrolled proliferation and increased motility are hallmarks of neoplastic cells, therefore markers of proliferation and motility may be valuable in assessing tumor progression and prognosis. MCM2 is a member of the minichromosome maintenanc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Race, breast cancer subtypes, and survival in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study.

Journal Article JAMA · June 7, 2006 Featured Publication CONTEXT: Gene expression analysis has identified several breast cancer subtypes, including basal-like, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 positive/estrogen receptor negative (HER2+/ER-), luminal A, and luminal B. OBJECTIVES: To determine population-b ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) levels before and after chemotherapy: a study in rectal cancer.

Journal Article Am J Clin Oncol · December 2005 OBJECTIVES: Induction of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) by inflammatory mediators, oncogenes, and carcinogens has been demonstrated in preclinical models. However, there are limited clinical data regarding COX-2 induction by chemotherapy or radiation. Experiment ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) levels before and after chemotherapy: a study in rectal cancer.

Journal Article American journal of clinical oncology : the official publication of the American Radium Society. · December 2005 OBJECTIVES: Induction of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) by inflammatory mediators, oncogenes, and carcinogens has been demonstrated in preclinical models. However, there are limited clinical data regarding COX-2 induction by chemotherapy or radiation. Experiment ... Cite

High focal adhesion kinase expression in invasive breast carcinomas is associated with an aggressive phenotype.

Journal Article Mod Pathol · October 2005 Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a protein tyrosine kinase expressed in invasive breast cancer that regulates antiapoptotic signaling. We have examined FAK expression by immunohistochemistry using anti-FAK 4.47 in breast tumor samples from a large population ... Full text Link to item Cite

An unusual cause of cholecystitis?

Journal Article Am J Clin Oncol · October 2005 Full text Link to item Cite

Array comparative genomic hybridisation (aCGH) analysis of premenopausal breast cancers from a nuclear fallout area and matched cases from Western New York.

Journal Article Br J Cancer · September 19, 2005 Featured Publication High-resolution array comparative genomic hybridisation (aCGH) analysis of DNA copy number aberrations (CNAs) was performed on breast carcinomas in premenopausal women from Western New York (WNY) and from Gomel, Belarus, an area exposed to fallout from the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Expression of the candidate tumor suppressor gene hSRBC is frequently lost in primary lung cancers with and without DNA methylation.

Journal Article Oncogene · September 15, 2005 Recently, the human SRBC (hSRBC) gene, a candidate tumor suppressor gene (TSG), has been mapped to the chromosomal region 11p 15.5--p15.4 where frequent allele loss has been described in lung cancer. Aberrant methylation (referred to as methylation) of the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Inter-genomic cross talk between mitochondria and the nucleus plays an important role in tumorigenesis.

Journal Article Gene · July 18, 2005 Mitochondrial dysfunction is a hallmark of cancer cells. Consistent with this phenotype mutations in mitochondrial genome have been reported in all cancers examined to date. However, it is not clear whether mitochondrial genomic status in human cells affec ... Full text Link to item Cite

Aberrant expression of novel and previously described cell membrane markers in human breast cancer cell lines and tumors.

Journal Article Clin Cancer Res · June 15, 2005 Featured Publication PURPOSE: In a previous gene expression array study, we identified some 300 genes that were differentially expressed in human epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (HER2)-positive versus HER2-negative breast cancer cells. We have now done valid ... Full text Link to item Cite

Molecular prediction of recurrence of breast cancer.

Journal Article N Engl J Med · April 14, 2005 Link to item Cite

The estrogen receptor-alpha A908G (K303R) mutation occurs at a low frequency in invasive breast tumors: results from a population-based study.

Journal Article Breast Cancer Res · 2005 INTRODUCTION: Evidence suggests that alterations in estrogen signaling pathways, including estrogen receptor-alpha (ER-alpha), occur during breast cancer development. A point mutation in ER-alpha (nucleotide A908G), producing an amino acid change from lysi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prognostic significance of gelsolin expression level and variability in non-small cell lung cancer.

Journal Article Lung Cancer · October 2004 BACKGROUND: Gelsolin is an actin-binding protein that mediates cellular motility and maintains the integrity of cytoskeletal structure. Diminished expression of gelsolin has been observed in human cancer cell lines and tumors. Studies of the prognostic eff ... Full text Link to item Cite

Epidermal growth factor receptor expression correlates with histologic grade in resected esophageal adenocarcinoma.

Journal Article J Gastrointest Surg · 2004 Activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has a role in oncogenesis and may correlate with prognosis. The aim of this study was to examine EGFR expression in esophageal adenocarcinoma and correlate EGFR status with pathologic and clinical p ... Full text Link to item Cite

Microtome shaving radiography: demonstration of loss of mammographic microcalcifications during histologic sectioning.

Journal Article Breast J · 2004 Mammographic-pathologic correlation of suspicious microcalcifications is essential for optimal diagnosis and local staging of early breast carcinoma. Loss of microcalcifications during histologic sectioning has been suggested as one reason for the occasion ... Full text Link to item Cite

p16 Inactivation in pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasias (PanINs) arising in patients with chronic pancreatitis.

Journal Article Am J Surg Pathol · December 2003 Patients with long-standing chronic pancreatitis are thought to be at increased risk of developing pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, but the mechanism for this increased risk is unknown. Since increasing evidence supports the notion that infiltrating pancr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mammographic predictors of the presence and size of invasive carcinomas associated with malignant microcalcification lesions without a mass.

Journal Article AJR Am J Roentgenol · December 2003 OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to determine the degree with which mammographic features predict the presence and size of invasive carcinomas associated with malignant mammographic microcalcification lesions without a mass. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Mammographic ... Full text Link to item Cite

Global expression analysis of well-differentiated pancreatic endocrine neoplasms using oligonucleotide microarrays.

Journal Article Clin Cancer Res · December 1, 2003 PURPOSE: Pancreatic endocrine neoplasms (PENs) are rare, mostly well-differentiated endocrine neoplasms, whose biology has been poorly characterized. Global expression microarrays can document abnormal pathways that impact on tumorigenesis and disease prog ... Link to item Cite

Global Expression Analysis of Well-Differentiated Pancreatic Endocrine Neoplasms Using Oligonucleotide Microarrays

Journal Article Clinical Cancer Research · December 1, 2003 Purpose: Pancreatic endocrine neoplasms (PENs) are rare, mostly well-differentiated endocrine neoplasms, whose biology has been poorly characterized. Global expression microarrays can document abnormal pathways that impact on tumorigenesis and disease prog ... Cite

Reproductive factors in relation to breast cancer characterized by p53 protein expression (United States).

Journal Article Cancer Causes Control · September 2003 OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the potential etiologic heterogeneity of breast cancer by examining whether associations with reproductive and other personal characteristics differed by p53 protein expression status. METHODS: Data from the Carolina Breast Cancer St ... Full text Link to item Cite

Identification of novel cellular targets in biliary tract cancers using global gene expression technology.

Journal Article Am J Pathol · July 2003 Biliary tract carcinoma carries a poor prognosis, and difficulties with clinical management in patients with advanced disease are often due to frequent late-stage diagnosis, lack of serum markers, and limited information regarding biliary tumor pathogenesi ... Full text Link to item Cite

HER2 codon 655 polymorphism and risk of breast cancer in African Americans and whites.

Journal Article Breast Cancer Res Treat · June 2003 BACKGROUND: Several recent epidemiologic studies examined the association between breast cancer risk and an inherited, single-nucleotide polymorphism in the HER2 gene, codon 655 G to A, which leads to an amino acid substitution of Ile to Val. Results of pr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Immunohistochemical and genetic analysis of non-small cell and small cell gallbladder carcinoma and their precursor lesions.

Journal Article Mod Pathol · April 2003 Gallbladder carcinomas can be highly lethal neoplasms. Relatively little is known about the genetic abnormalities that underlie these tumors, particularly with respect to their timing in neoplastic progression. The authors evaluated 5 noninvasive dysplasia ... Full text Link to item Cite

Carcinoma of the esophagus with mixed basaloid squamous and glandular differentiation: a distinct histological presentation.

Journal Article Int J Gastrointest Cancer · 2003 Esophageal cancer is the third most common gastrointestinal cancer and ranks among the ten commonest cancers worldwide. Histologically, approx 60% of esophageal cancers are adenocarcinomas and 40% are squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). Other rare cancers of t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Abrogation of the RB-p16 tumor suppressor pathway in human lung cancer.

Journal Article Methods Mol Med · 2003 Featured Publication Full text Link to item Cite

CDKN2A promoter methylation in gastric adenocarcinomas: clinical variables.

Journal Article Hum Pathol · December 2002 The CDKN2A gene encodes a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, p16, which promotes cell cycle arrest. Methylation of the promoter region of the gene transcriptionally inactivates the gene. We have analyzed the methylation status of the promoter region of the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Differential gene expression patterns in HER2/neu-positive and -negative breast cancer cell lines and tissues.

Journal Article Am J Pathol · October 2002 Featured Publication Overexpression of the oncogene HER2/neu (c-erbB-2) occurs in up to 30% of breast cancers and is correlated with reduced survival, especially in node-positive disease. The aim of this study was to identify genes associated with the aggressive phenotype of H ... Full text Link to item Cite

Environmental factors in relation to breast cancer characterized by p53 protein expression.

Journal Article Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev · September 2002 Findings from studies of cigarette smoking and low-dose ionizing radiation exposure and breast cancer are unclear. Laboratory studies indicate that both exposures can cause DNA damage, potentially increasing cancer risk if such mutations occur in growth co ... Link to item Cite

Epstein-Barr virus in gastric adenocarcinomas: association with ethnicity and CDKN2A promoter methylation.

Journal Article J Clin Pathol · September 2002 AIMS: It has been shown previously (by immunohistochemistry) that gastric adenocarcinomas harbouring Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) frequently lose p16 protein. This study aimed to examine the mechanisms of inactivation of the CDKN2A gene and correlate the resul ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prevalence and spectrum of p53 mutations associated with smoking in breast cancer.

Journal Article Cancer Res · April 1, 2002 To explore the role of smoking in breast cancer, we undertook a population-based study to evaluate the prevalence and spectrum of p53 mutations in the breast tumors of smokers and nonsmokers. We evaluated 456 archival invasive breast tumors for mutations i ... Link to item Cite

Immunohistochemical [corrected] detection of the alternate INK4a-encoded tumor suppressor protein p14(ARF) in archival human cancers and cell lines using commercial antibodies: correlation with p16(INK4a) expression.

Journal Article Mod Pathol · November 2001 The INK4a locus encodes two structurally unrelated tumor suppressor proteins, p16(INK4a) and p14(ARF). Although the former is one of the most common targets for inactivation in human neoplasia, the frequency of p14(ARF) abrogation is not established. We ha ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ductal epithelial proliferations of the breast: a biological continuum? Comparative genomic hybridization and high-molecular-weight cytokeratin expression patterns.

Journal Article J Pathol · November 2001 According to current concepts, benign proliferative breast disease (BPBD) is a direct precursor of breast cancer, in a spectrum ranging from ductal hyperplasia to overtly invasive carcinoma. In this study, comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) was used t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Aberrant expression of tumor suppressor proteins in the Ewing family of tumors.

Journal Article Arch Pathol Lab Med · September 2001 BACKGROUND: Deregulation of tumor suppressor gene function and abrogation of cell cycle control are common features of malignant neoplasms, but corresponding data on Ewing sarcomas and primitive neuroectodermal tumors are relatively scarce. We studied the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Tumor characteristics in African American and white women.

Journal Article Breast Cancer Res Treat · July 2001 BACKGROUND: Previous studies provide evidence that breast cancers occurring in different age and ethnic groups are not evenly distributed with regard to their biologic, pathologic and clinical characteristics. We evaluated the distributions of 11 pathologi ... Full text Link to item Cite

5' CpG island methylation of the FHIT gene is correlated with loss of gene expression in lung and breast cancer.

Journal Article Cancer Res · May 1, 2001 Allele loss and loss of expression of fragile histidine triad (FHIT), a putative tumor suppressor gene located in chromosome region 3p14.2, are frequent in several types of cancers. Tumor-acquired methylation of promoter region CpG islands is one method fo ... Link to item Cite

Loss of p16(INK4a) expression correlates with decreased survival in pediatric osteosarcomas.

Journal Article Int J Cancer · January 20, 2001 Abnormalities of the G1 cell-cycle checkpoint are commonly reported in cancers at various anatomic sites. pRB, p16(INK4a) and cyclin D1 are critical G1-checkpoint proteins responsible for maintaining the balance of cellular proliferation. We examined a ser ... Full text Link to item Cite

Aberrant expression of cell-cycle regulatory proteins in human mesenchymal neoplasia.

Journal Article Cancer Detect Prev · 2001 We previously demonstrated that approximately one-half of soft-tissue sarcomas were devoid of either pRB, the product of the retinoblastoma gene, or 16, the product of the MTS1/CDKN2 gene, while a smaller subset of aggressive mesenchymal tumors without met ... Link to item Cite

Aberrant promoter methylation of multiple genes in non-small cell lung cancers.

Journal Article Cancer Res · January 1, 2001 Aberrant methylation of CpG islands acquired in tumor cells in promoter regions is one method for loss of gene function. We determined the frequency of aberrant promoter methylation (referred to as methylation) of the genes retinoic acid receptor beta-2 (R ... Link to item Cite

Differential gene expression patterns in HER2/neu-positive and -negative breast cancer cells

Journal Article Breast Cancer Research and Treatment · January 1, 2001 Overexpression of the oncogene HER2/neu (c-erbB-2) occurs in up to 30% of breast cancers and is correlated with reduced survival, especially in node positive disease. The aim of this study was to identify genes associated with the aggressive phenotype of H ... Cite

Gene amplification of HER-2/neu is inversely correlated with loss of expression of the tetraspanin metastasis suppressor gene, KAI1/CD82, in breast cancer samples and cell lines

Journal Article Breast Cancer Research and Treatment · January 1, 2001 Introduction: Gene amplification of the proto-oncogene, HER-2/neu is associated with poor clinical outcome in women with breast cancer. High mortality rates are synonymous with high metastatic rates. The tetraspanin superfamily member, KAI1/CD82, is a meta ... Cite

Lymphatic microvessel density as a novel prognostic factor in early-stage invasive cervical cancer

Journal Article International Journal of Cancer · 2001 Few data on the influence of lymphatic microvessel density (MVD) on survival in cancer are available since until recently there was no reliable immunohistological marker for lymphatic endothelium. Using an antibody staining podoplanin, a novel marker for l ... Full text Cite

Abnormal expression of cell cycle regulatory proteins in ductal and lobular carcinomas of the breast.

Journal Article Mod Pathol · September 2000 In a previous study, we demonstrated that the G1 cell cycle checkpoint in carcinomas of the breast is frequently abrogated by loss of p16, the product of the CDKN2/INK4A gene, and, to a lesser extent, by loss of pRB, the product of the retinoblastoma gene. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Two identical triplet sisters carrying a germline BRCA1 gene mutation acquire very similar breast cancer somatic mutations at multiple other sites throughout the genome.

Journal Article Genes Chromosomes Cancer · August 2000 Monozygotic twins, each of whom has breast cancer, offer a natural study population for gene-environmental interactions as causation of cancer, because they are genetically identical. If heritable factors play a large role in the origin of a neoplasm, dise ... Full text Link to item Cite

p27 and cyclin D1 abnormalities in uterine papillary serous carcinoma.

Journal Article Gynecol Oncol · June 2000 OBJECTIVE: The expression status of p27 and cyclin D1 was examined in 21 uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC) specimens to determine the role of these genes in the development of this disease. The status of p53, p16, Rb, and K-ras was also determined ... Full text Link to item Cite

Loss of Fhit expression in non-small-cell lung cancer: correlation with molecular genetic abnormalities and clinicopathological features.

Journal Article Br J Cancer · March 2000 The FHIT gene is located at a chromosomal site (3p14.2) which is commonly affected by translocations and deletions in human neoplasia. Although FHIT alterations at the DNA and RNA level are frequent in many types of tumours, the biological and clinical sig ... Full text Link to item Cite

Immunohistochemical p16INK4a analysis of archival tumors with deletion, hypermethylation, or mutation of the CDKN2/MTS1 gene. A comparison of four commercial antibodies.

Journal Article Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol · March 2000 The MTS1/CDKN2/p16 gene encoding the p16INK4a tumor-suppressor protein is commonly inactivated by homozygous deletion or hypermethylation of the promoter in a wide range of human malignancies. In select tumor types, including pancreatic adenocarcinomas, in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Human breast cancer specimens: diffraction-enhanced imaging with histologic correlation--improved conspicuity of lesion detail compared with digital radiography.

Journal Article Radiology · March 2000 Seven breast cancer specimens were examined with diffraction-enhanced imaging at 18 keV with a silicon crystal with use of the silicon 333 reflection in Bragg mode. Images were compared with digital radiographs of the specimen, and regions of increased det ... Full text Link to item Cite

Genomic FHIT analysis in RER+ and RER- adenocarcinomas of the pancreas.

Journal Article Genes Chromosomes Cancer · March 2000 Alterations of the candidate tumor suppressor gene FHIT have been reported in multiple tumor types, including pancreatic carcinoma. The mechanism of FHIT genomic inactivation is unusual, most frequently occurring by homozygous deletion, whereas only rare c ... Link to item Cite

Loss of p16/CDKN2A tumor suppressor protein in gastric adenocarcinoma is associated with Epstein-Barr virus and anatomic location in the body of the stomach.

Journal Article Hum Pathol · January 2000 Gastric adenocarcinomas (n = 125) were analyzed by immunohistochemistry for the presence of p16, the CDKN2A gene product. This protein was lost in 31 of 125 cases (25%), and loss was associated with location of the tumor in the body of the stomach (P = .00 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Alterations in the RB, p16, and cyclin D1 cell cycle control pathway in osteosarcomas

Journal Article Pediatric Pathology and Molecular Medicine · January 1, 2000 The retinoblastoma (RB) tumor suppressor is believed to play an important role in the pathogenesis of osteosarcomas. Loss of function of RB may occur through abrogation of the RB/p16/cyclin D1 regularity pathway. Our study evaluated the protein expression ... Full text Cite

Fhit expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)

Journal Article Respirology · December 1, 1999 Background: The FHIT gene is commonly is affected by translocations and deletions. Although FHIT alterations at the DNA and RNA level are frequent in many types of tumors, the biological and clinical significance of these changes is not clear. In this stud ... Cite

Estrogen receptor status, determined by immunohistochemistry, as a predictor of the recurrence of stage I endometrial carcinoma.

Journal Article Cancer · November 15, 1999 BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to compare the concordance between immunohistochemical (IHC) and biochemical (RIA) methods for determining hormone receptor status in patients with endometrial carcinoma and to determine whether IHC expression of estro ... Link to item Cite

Loss of KAI1 expression in the progression of colorectal cancer.

Journal Article Cancer Res · November 15, 1999 The transmembrane 4 superfamily member KAI1 (CD82) has been shown to inhibit pulmonary metastases in experimental metastasis models of prostate cancer and melanoma. KAI1 expression is decreased in the progression of common solid epithelial tumors of adulth ... Link to item Cite

Policy guidelines for the utilization of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections: the UNC SPORE experience. University of North Carolina Specialized Program of Research Excellence.

Journal Article Breast Cancer Res Treat · November 1999 Paraffin blocks represent a valuable resource that has allowed investigators to apply today's technology to address scientific questions in a shorter period of time and in more diverse populations than would have been possible with fresh or frozen tissue. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Abnormal Fhit expression in malignant and premalignant lesions of the cervix.

Journal Article Cancer Res · October 15, 1999 Genetic analysis of cervical cancer has demonstrated frequent allelic loss in the 3p chromosomal region. The newly described gene FHIT is located at chromosome region 3p14.2, and its expression has been demonstrated previously by reverse transcription-PCR ... Link to item Cite

Frequent loss of KAI1 expression in squamous and lymphoid neoplasms. An immunohistochemical study of archival tissues.

Journal Article Am J Pathol · June 1999 The metastasis suppressor gene KAI1 was identified by its ability to inhibit the formation of pulmonary metastases in experimental models for prostatic carcinoma. Down-regulation of this gene may be correlated with the invasive phenotype in melanomas and c ... Full text Link to item Cite

The 100-kDa proteolytic fragment of RB is retained predominantly within the nuclear compartment of apoptotic cells.

Journal Article Mol Cell Biol Res Commun · June 1999 The retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein (RB) has been shown to play a role in regulating the eukaryotic cell cycle, promoting cellular differentiation, and modulating programmed cell death. Although regulation of RB tumor suppressor activity is mediate ... Full text Link to item Cite

G1 checkpoint protein and p53 abnormalities occur in most invasive transitional cell carcinomas of the urinary bladder.

Journal Article Br J Cancer · June 1999 The G1 cell cycle checkpoint regulates entry into S phase for normal cells. Components of the G1 checkpoint, including retinoblastoma (Rb) protein, cyclin D1 and p16INK4a, are commonly altered in human malignancies, abrogating cell cycle control. Using imm ... Full text Link to item Cite

Correlation of abnormal RB, p16ink4a, and p53 expression with 3p loss of heterozygosity, other genetic abnormalities, and clinical features in 103 primary non-small cell lung cancers.

Journal Article Clin Cancer Res · April 1999 This study was performed to determine the frequency of inactivation and clinical correlates in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) of three known tumor suppressor genes [TSGs; RB, MTS1/CDKN2 (p16), and p53] and various regions of 3p loss of heterozygosity ( ... Link to item Cite

Inactivation of the p16 (INK4A) tumor-suppressor gene in pancreatic duct lesions: loss of intranuclear expression.

Journal Article Cancer Res · October 15, 1998 Pancreatic adenocarcinoma develops from histologically identifiable intraductal lesions that undergo a series of architectural, cytological, and genetic changes. Limited genetic evidence recently suggested that the p16 gene plays a role in the progression ... Link to item Cite

RET cooperates with RB/p53 inactivation in a somatic multi-step model for murine thyroid cancer.

Journal Article Oncogene · September 24, 1998 Mice bred to carry germline Rb and p53 null alleles are associated with a tumor spectrum that overlaps with the inherited multiple endocrine neoplasia-1 (MEN1) and MEN2 syndromes in humans, including medullary thyroid cancer (MTC). To study the genetic bas ... Full text Link to item Cite

Re-expression of p16INK4a in mesothelioma cells results in cell cycle arrest, cell death, tumor suppression and tumor regression.

Journal Article Oncogene · June 18, 1998 Absence of expression of the p16IKN4a gene product is commonly observed in mesothelioma tumors and cell lines, while wild-type pRB expression is maintained. We have examined the biologic and potential therapeutic role of re-expressing p16INK4a gene product ... Full text Link to item Cite

Loss of tumor suppressor gene expression in high-grade but not low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.

Journal Article Am J Clin Pathol · June 1998 The products of the MTS1/CDKN2 and retinoblastoma (RB) tumor suppressor genes, p16 and pRB, act as agonists in controlling the late G1 cell cycle checkpoint. Inactivation of either gene occurs in a wide range of human malignant neoplasms. Data on the expre ... Full text Link to item Cite

Nasopharyngeal carcinomas frequently lack the p16/MTS1 tumor suppressor protein but consistently express the retinoblastoma gene product.

Journal Article Am J Pathol · April 1998 The p16/MTS1 gene is altered by deletion, mutation, or hypermethylation in a wide variety of human cancers. As a result of deficient p16 protein, these cancers lack a critical mechanism for halting G1/S cell cycle progression. In the current study, 59 case ... Link to item Cite

Protein expression and functional analysis of the FHIT gene in human tumor cells.

Journal Article J Natl Cancer Inst · March 18, 1998 BACKGROUND: The fragile histidine triad (FHIT) gene at chromosome 3p14.2 has been proposed to be a candidate tumor suppressor gene in human cancers. To test whether FHIT exhibits the functional properties of a tumor suppressor gene, we studied the expressi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Abrogation of the Rb/p16 tumor-suppressive pathway in virtually all pancreatic carcinomas.

Journal Article Cancer Res · August 1, 1997 The Rb/p16 tumor-suppressive pathway is abrogated frequently in human tumors, either through inactivation of the Rb or p16INK4a/CDKN2/MTS1 tumor-suppressor proteins, or through alteration or overexpression of the cyclin D1 or cyclin-dependent kinase 4 onco ... Link to item Cite

Loss of RB and MTS1/CDKN2 (p16) expression in human sarcomas.

Journal Article Hum Pathol · August 1997 The product of the MTS1/CDKN2 gene (p16) and the retinoblastoma protein (pRB) inhibit cell cycle progression at the late G1 checkpoint. The absence of functional p16 or pRB has been identified in a variety of human tumors but has not been well studied in m ... Full text Link to item Cite

Molecular characterization of adenocarcinoma of the cervix.

Journal Article Gynecol Oncol · February 1997 In an attempt to characterize the molecular alterations of cervical adenocarcinoma, we analyzed 32 paraffin-embedded specimens for the presence of K-ras mutations, p53 overexpression, p16 and Rb protein expression, and the presence of HPV 16 and 18 DNA. Ov ... Full text Link to item Cite

Rb and p16INK4a expression in resected non-small cell lung tumors.

Journal Article Cancer Res · August 1, 1996 Inactivation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p16INK4a (CDKN2/MTS1) is documented in a wide variety of cancer cell lines and tumors. We have shown that loss of p16INK4a protein expression is a common event in early stage non-small cell lung cancer ... Link to item Cite

High frequency of aberrant p16(INK4A) expression in human breast cancer.

Journal Article Am J Pathol · July 1996 The product of the CDKN2/MTS1 gene, p16(INK4A) (16), inhibits phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma protein, pRB, and thus acts as a negative cell cycle regulator. It is inactivated in a wide range of human malignancies, including breast cancer. Using an i ... Link to item Cite

Wild-type and mutant retinoblastoma protein in paraffin sections.

Journal Article Mod Pathol · March 1996 Inactivation of the retinoblastoma susceptibility (RB) gene plays a role in the pathogenesis of a variety of human malignancies. Recently, it has become feasible to study RB expression in archival tissues, and it is expected that immunohistochemical studie ... Link to item Cite

Molecular and immunochemical analyses of RB1 and cyclin D1 in human ductal pancreatic carcinomas and cell lines.

Journal Article Mol Carcinog · February 1996 Somatic mutations in the retinoblastoma-1 gene (RB1) and loss of RB1 protein function have been implicated in a number of human malignancies, but the role of RB1 gene and protein abnormalities in ductal pancreatic cancer (DPCA) is virtually unknown. We the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Immunohistochemical analysis of the p16INK4 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor in malignant mesothelioma.

Journal Article J Natl Cancer Inst · December 20, 1995 BACKGROUND: The identification in 1994 of the CDKN2 gene as a target for mutations in a wide range of human cancers, including malignant mesothelioma, has been controversial because subsequent studies have detected a lower frequency of CDKN2 gene mutations ... Full text Link to item Cite

Immunohistochemical detection of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2/multiple tumor suppressor gene 1 (CDKN2/MTS1) product p16INK4A in archival human solid tumors: correlation with retinoblastoma protein expression.

Journal Article Cancer Res · December 15, 1995 The retinoblastoma (RB) and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2/multiple tumor suppressor gene 1 (CDKN2/MTS1) tumor suppressor genes play important roles in the regulation of the cell cycle. The protein products of these two genes, pRB and p16INK4A ("p16") ... Link to item Cite

The need for epidemiologic studies of in-situ carcinoma of the breast.

Journal Article Breast Cancer Res Treat · July 1995 The purpose of this paper is to present background information on carcinoma in situ (CIS) of the breast and to provide a theoretical framework for planning epidemiologic studies which may further our understanding of breast cancer. Two types of epidemiolog ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Carolina Breast Cancer Study: integrating population-based epidemiology and molecular biology.

Journal Article Breast Cancer Res Treat · July 1995 The integration of epidemiology and molecular biology provides a new strategy to identify additional risk factors for breast cancer and to better understand the role played by traditionally recognized risk factors. The Carolina Breast Cancer Study (CBCS) i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Aberrant RB gene expression in routinely processed, archival tumor tissues determined by three different anti-RB antibodies.

Journal Article Int J Cancer · July 15, 1994 The retinoblastoma (RB) susceptibility gene encodes a nuclear phosphoprotein which is likely involved in cell cycle control and cell differentiation. The RB protein is mutated or absent in a variety of human malignancies. Its role as a molecular marker for ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pathology and laboratory medicine.

Journal Article JAMA · June 1, 1994 Image analysis and flow cytometry are complementary methods in assessing the DNA content and proliferative capacity of a tumor. In prostatic adenocarcinomas, DNA aneuploidy is associated with poor outcome. The current 21 days for identification of mycobact ... Link to item Cite

Partial inactivation of the RB product in a family with incomplete penetrance of familial retinoblastoma and benign retinal tumors.

Journal Article Oncogene · May 1994 While familial retinoblastoma has served as the paradigm for the two-hit theory of tumorigenesis and for the concept of the tumor suppressor gene, the etiology of incomplete penetrance of familial retinoblastoma is poorly understood. To address the molecul ... Link to item Cite

Retinoblastoma protein monoclonal antibodies with novel characteristics.

Journal Article J Immunol Methods · March 10, 1994 We have developed a family of monoclonal antibodies directed against the retinoblastoma gene product (p110RB). One of these monoclonal antibodies, 3C8, binds p110RB near the C-terminal end of the protein (aa886-aa905). It was characterized by immunoblottin ... Full text Link to item Cite

Human lung cancer cell lines exhibit resistance to retinoic acid treatment.

Journal Article Cell Growth Differ · October 1993 Retinoic acid (RA) and nuclear retinoic acid receptors (RARs) have been implicated in a variety of human malignancies including lung cancer, and RA has been proposed as a chemopreventive agent for bronchogenic carcinoma. Normal human tracheobronchial epith ... Link to item Cite

RB-mediated tumor suppression of a lung cancer cell line is abrogated by an extract enriched in extracellular matrix.

Journal Article Cell Growth Differ · August 1993 To examine whether the expression of retinoblastoma (RB) protein could mediate tumor suppression in a lung carcinoma cell line carrying multiple genetic defects, we transfected the Rb gene into a non-small cell lung cancer cell line with absent RB protein. ... Link to item Cite

Use of the polymerase chain reaction in the diagnosis of unsuspected herpes simplex viral pneumonia: report of a case.

Journal Article Hum Pathol · January 1990 A 30-year-old apparently immunocompetent woman presented with acute respiratory failure (acute respiratory distress syndrome). No etiologic agent was found, and she died 2 weeks later despite antibiotic therapy. Postmortem examination of the lungs showed d ... Full text Link to item Cite

Chapter 10 Limited expression of myeloid antigens by neuroendocrine tumours of lung

Journal Article Lung Cancer · January 1, 1988 Frozen sections of small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) and bronchial carcinoid (BC) and cytospins of the SCLC lines, NCI-H69, NCI-H128 and NCI-H146, were stained with antibodies of the myeloid-monocyte panel assembled by the Third International Workshop on Hu ... Full text Cite

Heterogeneity in the hormonal responsiveness of clones derived from the 13762NF rat mammary tumor.

Journal Article Cancer Res · April 1986 The transplantable hormone-responsive rat mammary adenocarcinoma 13762NF was dissociated with collagenase and hyaluronidase. Cells were cloned directly or lines were established from mass cultures and cells from these lines were cloned. Clones differed in ... Link to item Cite

Heterogeneity in the hormonal responsiveness of clones derived from the 13762nf rat mammary tumor

Journal Article Cancer Research · January 1, 1986 The transplantable hormone-responsive rat mammary adenocarcinoma 13762NF was dissociated with collagenase and hyaluronidase. Cells were cloned directly or lines were established from mass cultures and cells from these lines were cloned. Clones differed in ... Cite

Heterogeneity in the hormonal responsiveness of clones from the 13762NF rat mammary tumor

Journal Article Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research · 1985 Cite