Scholars@Duke
Madan Mohan Rehani

Madan Mohan Rehani

Adjunct Professor in the Department of Radiology
Radiology
madan.rehani@duke.edu
6 Whittier Place, Martha Rd, Apt 3M, Boston, MA 02114

Selected Publications

Screening mammography a decade post-tomosynthesis: varied utilization of synthetic mammography across a large health system.

Journal Article Br J Radiol · November 1, 2025 OBJECTIVES: Digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) with 2-dimensional acquisition (2D) was approved in 2011 for breast cancer screening in the United States. To reduce radiation dose to breasts, synthetic mammography (SM) was developed and approved to replace ... Full text Link to item Cite

Are high-dose CT examinations on the rise?

Journal Article Br J Radiol · October 1, 2025 OBJECTIVE: To analyse high-dose CT examinations (≥50 mSv) over a 10-year period to study temporal changes and identify causes. METHODS: CT dose provided by the dose management system (Radimetrics) was assessed for the years 2013-2022. CT protocols that led ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cumulative dose: A simple infographic for referrers and patients.

Journal Article Eur J Radiol · August 2025 Communicating radiation risks effectively is critical in imaging examinations, especially for ensuring the benefit-risk justification among radiologists, medical physicists, referrers, radiation technologists, and patients. Imaging modalities such as CT, f ... Full text Link to item Cite

Trends and Factors Affecting High-Dose (≥50 mSv) Computed Tomography Scans in the Emergency Department: A Four-Year Analysis.

Journal Article J Emerg Med · August 2025 BACKGROUND: Advances in computed tomography (CT) technology have reduced radiation exposure, with head CTs delivering around 2 mSv. However, some examinations still deliver doses of ≥50 mSv, increasing the risk of radiation-induced cancers. STUDY OBJECTIVE ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evaluating CT Dose Variation Across Scanner Technologies: Implications for Compliance with New CMS CT Radiation Dose Measure.

Journal Article Acad Radiol · July 2025 RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: In 2025, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services introduced a computed tomography (CT) dose measure for pay-for-performance programs. Hospitals employ diverse scanner fleets, but the impact of scanner technologies on dose b ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assessing trends in patients undergoing recurrent CT examinations and cumulative doses.

Journal Article Eur J Radiol · June 2025 PURPOSE: Recent research has enhanced our understanding of the number of patients receiving relatively high radiation doses (≥100 mSv) through recurrent CT examinations. However, there is a paucity of information on temporal trends. This study elucidates t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Estimating the number of ≥100 mSv patients from CT, fluoroscopic guided interventions, and PET exams in 27 OECD countries.

Journal Article Phys Med · June 2025 PURPOSE: To estimate the number of patients in 27 OECD (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development) countries receiving a cumulative effective dose (CED) ≥100 mSv from recurrent imaging in computed tomography (CT), fluoroscopic guided intervent ... Full text Link to item Cite

The global landscape of joint departments in medical physics and biomedical engineering

Journal Article Health and Technology · January 1, 2025 Purpose: The key role of medical physicists and biomedical engineers in the advancement of contemporary healthcare is indisputable when it comes to technological development and new solutions. The objective of this paper is to serve as an intermediate repo ... Full text Cite

Emergency imaging protocols for pregnant patients: a multi-institutional and multi- specialty comparison of physician education.

Journal Article Emerg Radiol · December 2024 PURPOSE: Previous studies have demonstrated that radiologists and other providers perceive the teratogenic risks of radiologic imaging to be higher than they actually are. Thus, pregnant patients were less likely to receive ionizing radiation procedures. W ... Full text Link to item Cite

Recurrent medical imaging exposures for the care of patients: one way forward.

Journal Article Eur Radiol · October 2024 Medical imaging is both valuable and essential in the care of patients. Much of this imaging depends on ionizing radiation with attendant responsibilities for judicious use when performing an examination. This responsibility applies in settings of both ind ... Full text Link to item Cite

What proportion of CT scan patients are alive or deceased after 10 years?

Journal Article Eur J Radiol · September 2024 PURPOSE: When discussing radiation risks for patients who undergo many CT examinations, some question the risks, believing that most of these patients are already very sick and likely to die within a few years, thus negating worry about radiation risk. Thi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dose, dose, dose, but where is the patient dose?

Journal Article Radiat Prot Dosimetry · June 22, 2024 The article reviews the historical developments in radiation dose metrices in medical imaging. It identifies the good, the bad, and the ugly aspects of current-day metrices. The actions on shifting focus from International Commission on Radiological Protec ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cumulative radiation exposure from multimodality recurrent imaging of CT, fluoroscopically guided intervention, and nuclear medicine.

Journal Article Eur Radiol · June 2024 OBJECTIVES: To assess cumulative effective dose (CED) over a 4-year period in patients undergoing multimodality recurrent imaging at a major hospital in the USA. METHODS: CED from CT, fluoroscopically guided intervention (FGI), and nuclear medicine was ana ... Full text Link to item Cite

Impact of equipment technology on reference levels in fluoroscopy-guided gastrointestinal procedures.

Journal Article Phys Med · April 2024 OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of equipment technology on reference point air kerma (Ka,r), air kerma-area product (PKA), and fluoroscopic time for fluoroscopically-guided gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures and establish benchmark levels. METHODS: ... Full text Link to item Cite

Characterizing imaging radiation risk in a population of 8918 patients with recurrent imaging for a better effective dose.

Journal Article Sci Rep · March 14, 2024 An updated extension of effective dose was recently introduced, namely relative effective dose ( E r ), incorporating age and sex factors. In this study we extended E r application to a population of about 9000 patients who underwent multiple CT imaging ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Is a one percent occurrence of high-dose patients significant?

Journal Article Eur J Radiol · March 2024 Risk-free society is utopian. We come across risks in everyday life, and we use probabilities to get a feel of how risky a situation is. Risk probability numbers of around 1% are comforting, but an intercomparison of numbers among various low risks in popu ... Full text Link to item Cite

Neurointerventions on two generations of angiography systems: Recent systems reduce radiation exposure by half.

Journal Article Phys Med · January 2024 PURPOSE: Fluoroscopically-guided neurointervention may be associated with prolonged procedure time and substantial radiation exposure to the patient and staff. This study sought to examine technological features affecting the potential radiation exposure r ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cumulative Effective Dose During Fluoroscopically Guided Interventions (FGI): Analysis of More Than 5000 FGIs in a Single European Center.

Journal Article Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol · January 2024 BACKGROUND: The number of fluoroscopically guided interventions (FGI) has increased significantly over time. However, little attention has been paid to possible stochastic radiation effects. The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the number ... Full text Link to item Cite

Do patients with larger body sizes undergo more CT exams?

Journal Article Ir J Med Sci · October 2023 BACKGROUND: Overweight and obese patients are known to have more diseases than normal weight individuals, but it is currently unknown if there is higher utilization of computed tomography (CT) exams among those with larger body sizes. AIMS: To examine whet ... Full text Link to item Cite

Global status of medical physics human resource - The IOMP survey report.

Journal Article Phys Med · September 2023 PURPOSE: Realizing the need for periodic surveys about global medical physics human resource, the International Organization for Medical Physics (IOMP) performed a third survey following the previous two (2015 and 2018). The objective was to collect inform ... Full text Link to item Cite

Losing the balance in risk-benefit analysis.

Journal Article J Radiol Prot · June 26, 2023 The idea of a benefit-risk analysis has been used for decades, but no one has probably bothered to see if there is a ratio or even questioned the concept because it does give an intuitive sense. There are situations where the tendency to lose the balance b ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patient follow-up for possible radiation injury from fluoroscopically-guided interventions: Need to consider high cumulative exposure from multiple procedures.

Journal Article Phys Med · February 2023 PURPOSE: Patient skin dose from interventional fluoroscopy procedures may exceed the threshold of tissue injuries and established guidelines recommend patient follow-up for air kerma at reference point (Ka,r) ≥ 5 Gy for individual procedures. Patients may ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patients undergoing multiple 18F-FDG PET/CT scans: frequency, clinical indications, and cumulative dose

Journal Article Health and Technology · January 1, 2023 Objective: To assess frequency, clinical indications, and cumulative effective dose (CED) of patients undergoing multiple 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging. Methods: Retrospective analysis of 18F-FDG PET/CT scans performed at a university hospit ... Full text Cite

Correction to: Patients undergoing multiple 18F‑FDG PET/CT scans: frequency, clinical indications, and cumulative dose (Health and Technology, (2023), 13, 1, (89-97), 10.1007/s12553-022-00716-0)

Journal Article Health and Technology · January 1, 2023 The original article contained a mistake. The phrase “Original research” has been inadvertently added in the article title. The correct article should be “Patients undergoing multiple 18F-FDG PET/CT scans: frequency, clinical indications, and cumulative do ... Full text Cite

Accounting for radiation exposure from previous CT exams while deciding on the next exam: What do referring clinicians think?

Journal Article Eur J Radiol · October 2022 PURPOSE: To obtain clinicians' views of the need to account for radiation exposure from previous CT scans and the advisability of a regulatory mechanism to control the number of CT scans for an individual patient. METHODS: A convenience survey was conducte ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patients undergoing multiple 18F-FDG PET/CT exams: Assessment of frequency, dose and disease classification.

Journal Article Br J Radiol · July 1, 2022 OBJECTIVE: To analyse the frequency, demographics, primary disease and cumulative effective dose of patients undergoing two or more 18F-FDG PET/CT examinations in a year. METHODS: In a retrospective study performed at a tertiary-care hospital, patients who ... Full text Link to item Cite

Point-of-care ultrasound-first for the evaluation of small bowel obstruction: National cost savings, length of stay reduction, and preventable radiation exposure.

Journal Article Acad Emerg Med · July 2022 OBJECTIVES: Computed tomography (CT) has long been the gold standard in diagnosing patients with suspected small bowel obstruction (SBO). Recently, point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) has demonstrated comparable test characteristics to CT imaging for the diag ... Full text Link to item Cite

T-shirt size as a classification for body habitus in computed tomography (CT) and development of size-based dose reference levels for different indications.

Journal Article Eur J Radiol · June 2022 PURPOSE: To examine the impact of patient size on dose indices and develop size-based reference levels (50th and 75th percentiles) for 20 body CT exams for routine and organ-specific clinical indications. METHODS: Based on effective diameter estimated from ... Full text Link to item Cite

Communication of radiation risk from imaging studies: an IAEA-coordinated international survey.

Journal Article J Radiol Prot · May 9, 2022 The purpose of this IAEA-coordinated international study was to understand aspects related to the communication of radiation risk from imaging studies, such as how often imaging department personnel and referring physicians are asked about radiation risks ... Full text Link to item Cite

Organ doses and cancer risk assessment in patients exposed to high doses from recurrent CT exams.

Journal Article Eur J Radiol · April 2022 PURPOSE: To estimate cumulative organ doses and age- and gender-stratified cancer mortality risks in patients undergoing recurrent computed tomography (CT) exams. METHODS: Cohorts of patients who received cumulative effective dose ≥ 100 mSv were stratified ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Establishment of national diagnostic reference levels for percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs) in Thailand.

Journal Article Phys Med · April 2022 PURPOSE: To establish national diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in Thailand for lesions of different complexity. METHODS: Radiation dose quantity as kerma-area-product (KAP) and cumulative air-kerma at referen ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comparison of Radiation Exposure between Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Hepaticogastrostomy and Hepaticogastrostomy with Antegrade Stenting.

Journal Article J Clin Med · March 19, 2022 Fluoroscopy forms an essential part of endoscopic ultrasound-guided hepaticogastrostomy (EUS-HGS) and hepaticogastrostomy with antegrade stenting (EUS-HGAS). To date, no study has assessed and compared radiation exposure between EUS-HGS and EUS-HGAS. This ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comparison of radiation exposure between endoscopic ultrasound-guided drainage and transpapillary drainage by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography for pancreatobiliary diseases.

Journal Article Dig Endosc · March 2022 OBJECTIVES: The transpapillary drainage by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP-D) cannot be performed without fluoroscopy, and there are many situations in which fluoroscopy is required even in endoscopic ultrasound-guided drainage (EUS-D) ... Full text Link to item Cite

Radiation exposure in 101 non-coronary fluoroscopically guided interventional procedures: reference levels of air kerma at the reference point and air kerma area product.

Journal Article Br J Radiol · February 1, 2022 OBJECTIVES: To present the median value and 75th percentile of air kerma at the reference point (Ka,r), air kerma-area product (KAP), and fluoroscopic time for a large number of fluoroscopically guided interventional (FGI) procedures. METHODS: This retrosp ... Full text Link to item Cite

The International Organization for Medical Physics - a driving force for the global development of medical physics.

Journal Article Health Technol (Berl) · 2022 The International Organization for Medical Physics (IOMP) is the world's largest professional organization in the field of medical physics and has official non-governmental organization status with the World Health Organization (WHO) and the International ... Full text Link to item Cite

Five-star rating system for acceptable quality and dose in CT.

Journal Article Eur Radiol · December 2021 • Recent papers have shown examples of the methodology involved in integrating image quality with radiation dose and assessing acceptable quality dose (AQD).• As a further step in that direction, translating a 5-point score into a 5-star rating shall be he ... Full text Link to item Cite

Organ-based and DLP-based effective dose as representations of radiation risk in a population of 8946 patients with cumulative effective dose greater than 100 mSv

Conference · December 1, 2021 Purpose. Recent studies have shown that it is not uncommon for a patient to undergo multiple CT exams resulting in high cumulative dose above 100 mSv, the radiation risk associated with which is not negligible. The purpose of this study was to compare the ... Open Access Cite

Assessment of eye doses to staff involved in interventional cardiology procedures in Kuwait.

Journal Article Radiat Environ Biophys · November 2021 In this study, which is the first of its kind in the gulf region, eye doses of interventional cardiologists and nurses were measured using active dosimeters for left and right eyes, in 60 percutaneous coronary interventions in three main hospitals in Kuwai ... Full text Link to item Cite

Monochromatic X-rays: The future of breast imaging.

Journal Article Eur J Radiol · November 2021 PURPOSE: To present details about the innovative and disruptive technology of monochromatic X-rays and its application to breast imaging. METHODS: To analyze results of studies done using a prototype system for breast imaging that generates monochromatic X ... Full text Link to item Cite

Radiation risk issues in recurrent imaging.

Journal Article Br J Radiol · October 1, 2021 Millions of patients benefit from medical imaging every single day. However, we have entered an unprecedented era in imaging practices wherein 1 out of 125 patients can be exposed to effective dose >50 mSv from a single CT exam and 3 out of 10,000 patients ... Full text Link to item Cite

Worldwide Variation in the Use of Nuclear Cardiology Camera Technology, Reconstruction Software, and Imaging Protocols.

Journal Article JACC Cardiovasc Imaging · September 2021 OBJECTIVES: This study sought to describe worldwide variations in the use of myocardial perfusion imaging hardware, software, and imaging protocols and their impact on radiation effective dose (ED). BACKGROUND: Concerns about long-term effects of ionizing ... Full text Link to item Cite

Multicentric study of patients receiving 50 or 100 mSv in a single day through CT imaging-frequency determination and imaging protocols involved.

Journal Article Eur Radiol · September 2021 OBJECTIVES: To assess the magnitude and characterization of CT imaging protocols of patients receiving 50 or 100 mSv in a single day. METHODS: In this multicentric retrospective study covering up to 279 hospitals from January 2015 to December 2019, the eff ... Full text Link to item Cite

Simplified size adjusted dose reference levels for adult CT examinations: A regional study.

Journal Article Eur J Radiol · September 2021 PURPOSE: To investigate retrospective classification of adult patients into small, average, and large based on effective diameter (EDia) from localizer image of computed tomography (CT) scans and to develop regional diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) and a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assessment of patients' cumulative doses in one year and collective dose to population through CT examinations.

Journal Article Eur J Radiol · September 2021 PURPOSE: To estimate percentage of patients undergoing multiple CT exams leading to cumulative effective dose (CED) of more than 25, 50, 75 and 100 mSv in one year and assess per capita and the collective effective dose. METHODS: Data from a regional hospi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Use of Multiphase CT Protocols in 18 Countries: Appropriateness and Radiation Doses.

Journal Article Can Assoc Radiol J · August 2021 PURPOSE: To assess the frequency, appropriateness, and radiation doses associated with multiphase computed tomography (CT) protocols for routine chest and abdomen-pelvis examinations in 18 countries. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In collaboration with the Interna ... Full text Link to item Cite

High-Dose Fluoroscopically Guided Procedures in Patients: Radiation Management Recommendations for Interventionalists.

Journal Article Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol · June 2021 The article is part of the series of articles on radiation protection. You can find further articles in the special section of the CVIR issue. In addition to the risks from fluoroscopic-guided interventional procedures of tissue injuries, recent studies ha ... Full text Link to item Cite

Old enemy, new threat: you can't solve today's problems with yesterday's solution.

Journal Article J Radiol Prot · June 1, 2021 The radiation protection principles of justification, optimization, and dose limitation as enumerated by the International Commission on Radiological Protection have been guiding light for the profession for over three decades. The dose limitation does not ... Full text Link to item Cite

Development of image quality related reference doses called acceptable quality doses (AQD) in paediatric CT exams in Qatar.

Journal Article Eur Radiol · May 2021 OBJECTIVES: To describe first experience of integrating assessment of image quality in paediatric X-ray computed tomography (CT) with analysis of the radiation dose indices to develop reference doses called acceptable quality dose (AQD). METHODS: Image qua ... Full text Link to item Cite

Analysis of patients receiving ≥ 100 mSv during a computed tomography intervention.

Journal Article Eur Radiol · May 2021 OBJECTIVE: To identify a patient cohort who received ≥ 100 mSv during a single computed tomography (CT)-guided intervention and analyze clinical information. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using the dose-tracking platform Radimetrics that collects data from all CT ... Full text Link to item Cite

Worldwide Diagnostic Reference Levels for Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography Myocardial Perfusion Imaging: Findings From INCAPS.

Journal Article JACC Cardiovasc Imaging · March 2021 OBJECTIVES: This study sought to establish worldwide and regional diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) and achievable administered activities (AAAs) for single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI). BACKGROUND: Refere ... Full text Link to item Cite

Innovative monochromatic x-ray source for high-quality and low-dose medical imaging.

Journal Article Med Phys · March 2021 PURPOSE: An estimated 377 million diagnostic and interventional radiological exams are performed annually in the United States and approximately 4 to 5 billion globally. All use x-ray tubes that emit x-rays over a broad energy band, a technology that is mo ... Full text Link to item Cite

A single center analysis of cumulative effective dose arising from multiple PET/CT scans over 11 years

Conference EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING · 2021 Cite

Higher patient doses through X-ray imaging procedures.

Journal Article Phys Med · November 2020 Medical imaging using X-rays has been one of the most popular imaging modalities ever since the discovery of X-rays 125 years ago. With unquestionable benefits, concerns about radiation risks have frequently been raised. Computed tomography (CT) and fluoro ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effective dose from radiation exposure in medicine: Past, present, and future.

Journal Article Phys Med · November 2020 Effective dose (E) has been developed by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) as a dose quantity with a link to risks of health detriment, mainly cancer. It is based on reference phantoms representing average individuals, but this ... Full text Link to item Cite

Radiation Effective Dose Above 100 mSv From Fluoroscopically Guided Intervention: Frequency and Patient Medical Condition.

Journal Article AJR Am J Roentgenol · August 2020 OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this article was to investigate the medical condition of patients who received substantial cumulative effective dose (CED) in fluoroscopically guided interventional (FGI) procedures. MATERIALS AND METHODS. We examined 25,253 patie ... Full text Link to item Cite

Estimates of the number of patients with high cumulative doses through recurrent CT exams in 35 OECD countries.

Journal Article Phys Med · August 2020 PURPOSE: To estimate the number of patients in OECD (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development) countries who receive a cumulative effective dose (CED) ≥ 100 mSv from recurrent computed tomography (CT) exams. METHODS: Taking into account recen ... Full text Link to item Cite

EVALUATION OF RADIATION DOSE FOR PATIENTS UNDERGOING MAMMOGRAPHY IN QATAR.

Journal Article Radiat Prot Dosimetry · July 17, 2020 In the absence of information on radiation doses in mammography in the Gulf countries, this study was designed to assess patient dose in terms of entrance surface air kerma and average glandular dose (AGD) in three mammography units in Qatar that covers 21 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Multinational data on cumulative radiation exposure of patients from recurrent radiological procedures: call for action.

Journal Article Eur Radiol · May 2020 OBJECTIVES: To have a global picture of the recurrent use of CT imaging to a level where cumulative effective dose (CED) to individual patients may be exceeding 100 mSv at which organ doses typically are in a range at which radiation effects are of concern ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patients undergoing recurrent CT scans: assessing the magnitude.

Journal Article Eur Radiol · April 2020 OBJECTIVES: To assess percent of patients undergoing multiple CT exams that leads to cumulative effective dose (CED) of ≥ 100 mSv and determine their age distribution. METHODS: Data was retrieved retrospectively from established radiation dose monitoring s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patients undergoing recurrent CT exams: assessment of patients with non-malignant diseases, reasons for imaging and imaging appropriateness.

Journal Article Eur Radiol · April 2020 OBJECTIVE: To determine percent of patients without malignancy and ≤ 40 years of age with high cumulative radiation doses through recurrent CT exams and assess imaging appropriateness. METHODS: From the cohort of patients who received cumulative effective ... Full text Link to item Cite

Breast Cancer Detection in Qatar: Evaluation of Mammography Image Quality Using A Standardized Assessment Tool.

Journal Article Eur J Breast Health · April 2020 OBJECTIVE: Compared with other countries in the Middle East, Qatar has one of the highest breast cancer incidence and mortality rates. Poor quality mammography images may be associated with advanced stage breast cancer, however there is limited information ... Full text Link to item Cite

Long-term experience and analysis of data on diagnostic reference levels: the good, the bad, and the ugly.

Journal Article Eur Radiol · February 2020 OBJECTIVES: To analyze 11-year data of France for temporal trends in dose indices and dose optimization and draw lessons for those who are willing to work on creation and update of diagnostic reference levels (DRLs). METHODS: The data from about 3000 radio ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effective Dose Assessment for Patients Undergoing Contemporary Fluoroscopically Guided Interventional Procedures.

Journal Article AJR Am J Roentgenol · January 2020 OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to establish procedure-specific air kerma-area product (KAP) and effective dose for a large number of fluoroscopically guided interventional (FGI) procedures. MATERIALS AND METHODS. This retrospective study collecte ... Full text Link to item Cite

Multiphase abdomen-pelvis CT in women of childbearing potential (WOCBP): Justification and radiation dose.

Journal Article Medicine (Baltimore) · January 2020 To assess justification and radiation doses of abdomen-pelvis CT in women of childbearing potential (WOCBP) scanned in 2 tertiary hospitals in Qatar.The local ethical committee approved retrospective study of 451 WOCBP (14-55 years) who underwent abdomen-p ... Full text Link to item Cite

Diagnostic Imaging and 100 MSv+ Doses

Conference MEDICAL PHYSICS · 2020 Cite

Thyroid shielding in cone beam computed tomography: recommendations towards appropriate use.

Journal Article Dentomaxillofac Radiol · October 2019 The objective of this paper is to provide recommendations towards the appropriate use of thyroid shielding in dental cone beam CT (CBCT). Based on current evidence of thyroid radiosensitivity, dosimetric data in the presence and absence of shielding, and a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Development and validation of image quality scoring criteria (IQSC) for pediatric CT: a preliminary study.

Journal Article Insights Imaging · September 23, 2019 OBJECTIVE: To develop and assess the value and limitations of an image quality scoring criteria (IQSC) for pediatric CT exams. METHODS: IQSC was developed for subjective assessment of image quality using the scoring scale from 0 to 4, with 0 indicating des ... Full text Link to item Cite

Looking for solutions: vision and a call-for-attention for radiation research scientists.

Journal Article Int J Radiat Biol · June 2019 Purpose: The concept of benefit-risk assessment has often been propagated for clinical professionals for deciding the radiological exam for the patient. A detailed look into how to use this concept leads to several unanswered questions. The purpose of this ... Full text Link to item Cite

Radiation Dose Monitoring for Fluoroscopically Guided Interventional Procedures: Effect on Patient Radiation Exposure.

Journal Article Radiology · March 2019 Purpose To analyze the clinical effect of continuous dose monitoring and patient follow-up for fluoroscopically guided vascular interventional procedures over 8 years. Materials and Methods In this retrospective study, an in-house semiautomated system was ... Full text Link to item Cite

Medical physics workforce: A global perspective.

Journal Article Phys Med · November 2018 PURPOSE: The International Organization for Medical Physics (IOMP) performed a detailed study following the first survey published in 2015 with the particular objectives: 1) gather data on global medical physicists (MPs) workforce, 2) identify differences ... Full text Link to item Cite

SURVEY OF IMAGING TECHNOLOGY AND PATIENT DOSE RECORDING PRACTICE IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES.

Journal Article Radiat Prot Dosimetry · October 1, 2018 A survey was conducted through the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) to assess the use of older imaging technologies and availability of dose information in radiography, computed tomography (CT), mammography and interventional machines. Responses f ... Full text Link to item Cite

The mandate and work of ICRP Committee 3 on radiological protection in medicine.

Journal Article Ann ICRP · October 2018 The mandate of Committee 3 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) is concerned with the protection of persons and unborn children when ionising radiation is used in medical diagnosis, therapy, and biomedical research. Protection ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evaluation of medical physics training in radiology residency in 67 countries.

Journal Article Phys Med · October 2018 PURPOSE: The main aim of medical physics training in radiology residency is to have appropriate and safer imaging of patients and safety of personnel. The need to have adequate coverage of medical physics and radiation safety in curricula of radiology resi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Medical imaging dose optimisation from ground up: expert opinion of an international summit.

Journal Article J Radiol Prot · September 2018 As in any medical intervention, there is either a known or an anticipated benefit to the patient from undergoing a medical imaging procedure. This benefit is generally significant, as demonstrated by the manner in which medical imaging has transformed clin ... Full text Link to item Cite

The International Atomic Energy Agency action plan on radiation protection of patients and staff in interventional procedures: Achieving change in practice.

Journal Article Phys Med · August 2018 INTRODUCTION: The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) organized the 3rd international conference on radiation protection (RP) of patients in December 2017. This paper presents the conclusions on the interventional procedures (IP) session. MATERIAL AN ... Full text Link to item Cite

Impact of age on the selection of nuclear cardiology stress protocols: The INCAPS (IAEA nuclear cardiology protocols) study.

Journal Article Int J Cardiol · May 15, 2018 BACKGROUND: There is growing concern about radiation exposure from nuclear myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI), particularly among younger patients who are more prone to develop untoward effects of ionizing radiation, and hence US and European professional ... Full text Link to item Cite

Lessons from two cases of radiation induced skin injuries in fluoroscopic procedures in Bulgaria.

Journal Article J Radiol Prot · December 2017 BACKGROUND: Radiation-induced injuries to patient skin as a result of fluoroscopy guided interventional procedures are infrequently reported, often misdiagnosed and there is a need to learn lessons from every injury. METHODS: This paper describes two cases ... Full text Link to item Cite

Eye lens dosimetry and the study on radiation cataract in interventional cardiologists.

Journal Article Phys Med · December 2017 PURPOSE: To determine the eye lens dose of the Interventional Cardiology (IC) personnel using optically stimulated luminescent dosimeter (OSLD) and the prevalence and risk of radiation - associated lens opacities in Thailand. METHODS AND RESULTS: 48 IC sta ... Full text Link to item Cite

ICRP Publication 135: Diagnostic Reference Levels in Medical Imaging.

Journal Article Ann ICRP · October 2017 The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) first introduced the term ‘diagnostic reference level’ (DRL) in 1996 in Publication 73. The concept was subsequently developed further, and practical guidance was provided in 2001. The DRL has ... Full text Link to item Cite

Review of the current status of radiation protection in diagnostic radiology in Africa.

Journal Article J Med Imaging (Bellingham) · July 2017 The aim of this paper is to review the available published studies from African countries on patient doses and medical radiation protection and identify strengths, weaknesses, and challenges. Papers on radiation doses to patients published until 2016 perta ... Full text Link to item Cite

Survey on impact of regulations on radiation safety and development of radiation safety culture in 25 countries.

Journal Article J Med Imaging (Bellingham) · July 2017 The purpose of this work was to assess the: (a) impact of regulations on radiation safety and development of radiation safety culture, (b) perceived safety level in the participating facilities, (c) future needs regarding strengthening of regulations, pati ... Full text Link to item Cite

Establishing national diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) for computed tomography in Egypt.

Journal Article Phys Med · July 2017 OBJECTIVES: To establish national diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) in Egypt for computed tomography (CT) examinations of adults and identify the potential for optimization. METHODS: Data from 3762 individual patient's undergoing CT scans of head, chest ( ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patient radiation exposure and dose tracking: a perspective.

Journal Article J Med Imaging (Bellingham) · July 2017 Much of the emphasis on radiation protection about 2 decades ago accrued from the need for protection of radiation workers and collective doses to populations from medical exposures. With the realization that individual patient doses were rising and becomi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patient dose monitoring and the use of diagnostic reference levels for the optimization of protection in medical imaging: current status and challenges worldwide.

Journal Article J Med Imaging (Bellingham) · July 2017 Optimization is one of the key concepts of radiation protection in medical imaging. In practice, it involves compromising between the image quality and dose to the patient; the dose should not be higher than necessary to achieve an image quality (or diagno ... Full text Link to item Cite

Opportunities for improvement on current nuclear cardiology practices and radiation exposure in Latin America: Findings from the 65-country IAEA Nuclear Cardiology Protocols cross-sectional Study (INCAPS).

Journal Article J Nucl Cardiol · June 2017 BACKGROUND: Comparison of Latin American (LA) nuclear cardiology (NC) practice with that in the rest of the world (RoW) will identify areas for improvement and lead to educational activities to reduce radiation exposure from NC. METHODS AND RESULTS: INCAPS ... Full text Link to item Cite

Nuclear Cardiology Practice in Asia: Analysis of Radiation Exposure and Best Practice for Myocardial Perfusion Imaging　- Results From the IAEA Nuclear Cardiology Protocols Cross-Sectional Study (INCAPS).

Journal Article Circ J · March 24, 2017 BACKGROUND: This paper examines the current status of radiation exposure to patients in myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) in Asia. METHODS AND RESULTS: Laboratories voluntarily provided information on MPI performed over a 1-week period. Eight best practic ... Full text Link to item Cite

Radiology Education in Latin America.

Journal Article J Am Coll Radiol · March 2017 Full text Link to item Cite

Radiology education in Europe: Analysis of results from 22 European countries.

Journal Article World J Radiol · February 28, 2017 AIM: To assess the state of radiology education across Europe by means of a survey study. METHODS: A comprehensive 23-item radiology survey was distributed via email to the International Society of Radiology members, national radiological societies, radiol ... Full text Link to item Cite

Nuclear cardiology practices and radiation exposure in Africa: results from the IAEA Nuclear Cardiology Protocols Study (INCAPS).

Journal Article Cardiovasc J Afr · 2017 OBJECTIVE: While nuclear myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) offers many benefits to patients with known or suspected cardiovascular disease, concerns exist regarding radiation-associated health effects. Little is known regarding MPI practice in Africa. We ... Full text Link to item Cite

Nuclear Cardiology Practices and Radiation Exposure in the Oceania Region: Results From the IAEA Nuclear Cardiology Protocols Study (INCAPS).

Journal Article Heart Lung Circ · January 2017 BACKGROUND: There is concern about radiation exposure with radionuclide myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI). This sub-study of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Nuclear Cardiology Protocols Study reports radiation doses from MPI, and use of dose ... Full text Link to item Cite

Overview of ICRP Committee 3: protection in medicine.

Journal Article Ann ICRP · June 2016 Committee 3 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) develops recommendations and guidance for protection of patients, staff, and the public against radiation exposure when ionising radiation is used for medical diagnosis, therapy, ... Full text Link to item Cite

TU‐H‐204‐00: Work of ICRP, NCRP and Others and How They Impact On Medical Physicists

Conference Medical Physics · June 2016 Since 1928, the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) has developed, maintained, and elaborated the International System of Radiological Protection used world‐wide as the common basis for radiological protection standards, legi ... Full text Cite

TU‐H‐204‐01: Work of ICRP in relation to activities of medical physicists

Conference Medical Physics · June 2016 Since 1928, the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) has developed, maintained, and elaborated the International System of Radiological Protection used world‐wide as the common basis for radiological protection standards, legi ... Full text Cite

MO‐DE‐204‐01: Radiation Doses in Over 50 Developing Countries of Asia, Africa, Eastern European and Latin America

Conference Medical Physics · June 2016 The main topic of the session is to show how dose optimization is being implemented in various regions of the world, including Europe, Australia, North America and other regions.A multi‐national study conducted under International ... Full text Cite

Nuclear cardiology practice and associated radiation doses in Europe: results of the IAEA Nuclear Cardiology Protocols Study (INCAPS) for the 27 European countries.

Journal Article Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging · April 2016 PURPOSE: Nuclear cardiology is widely used to diagnose coronary artery disease and to guide patient management, but data on current practices, radiation dose-related best practices, and radiation doses are scarce. To address these issues, the IAEA conducte ... Full text Link to item Cite

Gender Differences in Radiation Dose From Nuclear Cardiology Studies Across the World: Findings From the INCAPS Registry.

Journal Article JACC Cardiovasc Imaging · April 2016 OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate gender-based differences in nuclear cardiology practice globally, with a particular focus on laboratory volume, radiation dose, protocols, and best practices. BACKGROUND: It is unclear whether gender-bas ... Full text Link to item Cite

American College of Radiology Dose Index Registry: A User's Guide for Cardiothoracic Radiologists Part 1: Dose Index Registry (DIR)-What it Means and Does for CT?

Journal Article J Thorac Imaging · November 2015 Computed tomography (CT) is an indispensable part of diagnostic imaging and contributes significantly to patient care. With increasing use of CT, there have been growing concerns regarding risks from radiation exposure. This has prompted efforts to introdu ... Full text Link to item Cite

ACR DIR: A User's Guide for Cardiothoracic Radiologists: Part 2: How to Interpret Your DIR Report.

Journal Article J Thorac Imaging · November 2015 In the initial installment of this 3-part article, we reviewed the role and logistics of the American College of Radiology (ACR) Dose Index Registry (DIR). In this second installment, we review the essential components of ACR DIR and describe how users can ... Full text Link to item Cite

Lung Cancer Screening: Computed Tomography Radiation and Protocols.

Journal Article J Thorac Imaging · September 2015 Recent studies have supported the use of low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) of the chest as a screening tool for lung cancer. Several professional organizations have now included LDCT screening in high-risk populations in their guidelines. The United Stat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Current worldwide nuclear cardiology practices and radiation exposure: results from the 65 country IAEA Nuclear Cardiology Protocols Cross-Sectional Study (INCAPS).

Journal Article Eur Heart J · July 7, 2015 AIMS: To characterize patient radiation doses from nuclear myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) and the use of radiation-optimizing 'best practices' worldwide, and to evaluate the relationship between laboratory use of best practices and patient radiation do ... Full text Link to item Cite

Current worldwide nuclear cardiology practices andradiationexposure: Results from the 65country IAEA nuclear cardiology protocols cross-sectional study (INCAPS)

Journal Article European Heart Journal · July 7, 2015 Aims To characterize patient radiation doses from nuclear myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) and the use of radiationoptimizing 'best practices' worldwide, and to evaluate the relationship between laboratory use of best practices and patient radiation dose ... Full text Cite

Radiological Protection in Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT). ICRP Publication 129.

Journal Article Ann ICRP · July 2015 The objective of this publication is to provide guidance on radiological protection in the new technology of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Publications 87 and 102 dealt with patient dose management in computed tomography (CT) and multi-detector CT. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Radiation effects and risks: overview and a new risk perception index.

Journal Article Radiat Prot Dosimetry · July 2015 Uncertainty provides opportunities for differences in perception, and radiation risks at low level of exposures involved in few computed tomography scans fall in this category. While there is good agreement among national and international organisations on ... Full text Link to item Cite

Looking into future: challenges in radiation protection in medicine.

Journal Article Radiat Prot Dosimetry · July 2015 Radiation protection in medicine is becoming more and more important with increasing wider use of X-rays, documentation of effects besides the potential for long-term carcinogenic effects. With computed tomography (CT) likely to become sub-mSv in coming ye ... Full text Link to item Cite

IAEA experience in communicating radiation risks through the RPOP website.

Journal Article Radiat Prot Dosimetry · July 2015 The authors report here their successful experience of communicating information to health professionals, patients and the public on benefits and risks of ionising radiation in medical applications. The approaches used have been based on giving importance ... Full text Link to item Cite

Eye dose assessment and management: overview.

Journal Article Radiat Prot Dosimetry · July 2015 Some publications have shown that Hp(0.07) or even Hp(10) can be used as good operational quantities for X-rays in view of difficulties with Hp(3). With increasing awareness, there is tendency to use whatever dosimeter is available with correction factor t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Tracking of examination and dose: overview.

Journal Article Radiat Prot Dosimetry · July 2015 This paper reviews the developments in tracking of patient exposures and dose after the earlier paper published in the same journal in 2011. A global survey in which 76 countries responded indicated strong interest in programme and another survey among ref ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dose surveys and DRLs: critical look and way forward.

Journal Article Radiat Prot Dosimetry · July 2015 The main purpose of dose surveys has been to detect and bring down wide variation in radiation doses for any particular radiological examination and to avoid doses that are on higher side. Diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) have been used for over two deca ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patient grouping for dose surveys and establishment of diagnostic reference levels in paediatric computed tomography.

Journal Article Radiat Prot Dosimetry · July 2015 There has been confusion in literature on whether paediatric patients should be grouped according to age, weight or other parameters when dealing with dose surveys. The present work aims to suggest a pragmatic approach to achieve reasonable accuracy for pe ... Full text Link to item Cite

A study to establish international diagnostic reference levels for paediatric computed tomography.

Journal Article Radiat Prot Dosimetry · July 2015 The article reports results from the largest international dose survey in paediatric computed tomography (CT) in 32 countries and proposes international diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) in terms of computed tomography dose index (CTDI vol) and dose lengt ... Full text Link to item Cite

Overview of ICRP Committee 3 'Protection in Medicine'.

Journal Article Ann ICRP · June 2015 According to the 2011-2017 strategic plan, Committee 3 develops recommendations and guidance for protection of patients, staff, and the public against radiation exposure when ionising radiation is used for medical diagnosis, therapy, or biomedical research ... Full text Link to item Cite

Radiological protection in computed tomography and cone beam computed tomography.

Journal Article Ann ICRP · June 2015 The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) has sustained interest in radiological protection in computed tomography (CT), and ICRP Publications 87 and 102 focused on the management of patient doses in CT and multi-detector CT (MDCT) res ... Full text Link to item Cite

Female medical physicists: The results of a survey carried out by the International Organization for Medical Physics.

Journal Article Phys Med · June 2015 INTRODUCTION: The gender composition of the existing medical physicist (MP) workforce around the world is basically unknown. The International Organization for Medical Physics (IOMP) performed a survey in order to investigate the number of MPs in countries ... Full text Link to item Cite

TU-E-201-01: Methods for Eye Lens Dosimetry and Studies On Lens Opacities with Interventionists.

Conference Med Phys · June 2015 UNLABELLED: Madan M. Rehani, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, BostonMethods for Eye Lens Dosimetry and Studies On Lens Opacities with InterventionalistsRadiation induced cataract is a major threat among staff working in interventi ... Full text Link to item Cite

MO‐E‐213‐02: Medical Physicist Involvement in Implementing Patient Protection Standards

Conference Medical Physics · June 2015 The focus of work of medical physicists in 1980's was on quality control and quality assurance. Radiation safety was important but was dominated by occupational radiation protection. A series of over exposures of patients in radiotherapy, nuclear m ... Full text Cite

Clinical imaging guidelines part 4: challenges in identifying, engaging and collaborating with stakeholders.

Journal Article J Am Coll Radiol · April 2015 The effective development and use of clinical imaging guidelines requires an understanding of who the stakeholders are, what their interests in the process are, and what roles they should play. If the appropriate stakeholders are not engaged in the right r ... Full text Link to item Cite

Reducing radiation, revising reference levels.

Journal Article J Am Coll Radiol · March 2015 Full text Link to item Cite

Diagnostic reference levels.

Journal Article AJR Am J Roentgenol · January 2015 Full text Link to item Cite

Radiation Protection of Staff and Patients in Cardiovascular and Neurovascular Imaging

Chapter · January 1, 2015 Other algorithms exist to estimate E from the use of a single dosimeter worn over the protective apron or from the use of double dosimetry [18]. All formulas used to estimate E from dosimeter readings are based on certain assumptions about the wearer’s rad ... Full text Cite

Eye dosimetry in interventional radiology and cardiology: current challenges and practical considerations.

Journal Article Radiat Prot Dosimetry · December 2014 Interventional radiology and cardiology are areas with high potential for risk to eye lens. Accurate assessment of eye dose is one of the most important aspects of correlating doses with observed lens opacities among workers in interventional suites and as ... Full text Link to item Cite

Multi-national findings on radiation protection of children.

Journal Article Pediatr Radiol · October 2014 This article reviews issues of radiation protection in children in 52 low-resource countries. Extensive information was obtained through a survey by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); wide-ranging information was available from 40 countries and ... Full text Link to item Cite

CT imaging in a large part of the world: what we know and what we can learn.

Journal Article Pediatr Radiol · October 2014 This paper describes how cooperation among international organizations, as modeled in Europe, can work to improve imaging safety and standards for children throughout the world. This is demonstrated in the mechanisms employed in a large-scale multi-nationa ... Full text Link to item Cite

Radiation exposure in gastroenterology: improving patient and staff protection.

Journal Article Am J Gastroenterol · August 2014 Medical imaging involving the use of ionizing radiation has brought enormous benefits to society and patients. In the past several decades, exposure to medical radiation has increased markedly, driven primarily by the use of computed tomography. Ionizing r ... Full text Link to item Cite

MO-C-18C-01: Radiation Risks at Level of Few CT Scans: How Real?- Science to Practice.

Journal Article Med Phys · June 2014 There are controversies surrounding radiation effects in human population in the range of radiation doses encountered by patients resulting from one to several CT scans. While it is understandable why the effects from low levels of diagnostic radiation are ... Full text Link to item Cite

WE‐E‐19A‐01: Globalization of Medical Physics

Conference Medical Physics · June 2014 Following successful 2012–2013 International Professional Symposiums as a part of Annual AAPM meetings, representatives of AAPM and International Organization of Medical Physics (IOMP) suggested to make this tradiational Symposium a permanent part ... Full text Cite

The appropriate and justified use of medical radiation in cardiovascular imaging: a position document of the ESC Associations of Cardiovascular Imaging, Percutaneous Cardiovascular Interventions and Electrophysiology.

Journal Article Eur Heart J · March 2014 The benefits of cardiac imaging are immense, and modern medicine requires the extensive and versatile use of a variety of cardiac imaging techniques. Cardiologists are responsible for a large part of the radiation exposures every person gets per year from ... Full text Link to item Cite

Templates and existing elements and models for implementation of patient exposure tracking.

Journal Article Radiat Prot Dosimetry · January 2014 There is wide interest currently in patient exposure tracking. This paper provides templates for implementation of tracking at the practice (hospital) level, multi-practice level, national level and international level. It provides suggestions for implemen ... Full text Link to item Cite

Monitoring of medical radiation exposure for individuals

Chapter · January 1, 2014 Radiation exposure and the potential risks from medical imaging continue to be highly visible issues, especially for the medical imaging community. There has been progress with dose management, particularly dose reduction, due to both technical and applica ... Full text Cite

Promoting public awareness and communicating radiation safety

Chapter · January 1, 2014 Information and communication technologies have rapidly advanced in the last decade. Moreover, communication through the internet has become two-ways in recent years. People who were only able to receive information through web pages are now able to publis ... Full text Cite

Continuous monitoring of CT dose indexes at Dubai Hospital.

Journal Article AJR Am J Roentgenol · October 2013 OBJECTIVE: Experience of continuous monitoring and control of patient doses in CT in Dubai Hospital over a period of approximately 4 years (January 2008 through August 2011) is presented. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Dose measurements-in particular, weighted and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Impact of the X-ray system setting on patient dose and image quality; a case study with two interventional cardiology systems.

Journal Article Radiat Prot Dosimetry · July 2013 This study investigates the influence of the initial X-ray system setting on patient doses and image quality in interventional cardiology procedures. Two dedicated interventional cardiology systems were studied: a system with image intensifier (II) and a f ... Full text Link to item Cite

ICRP publication 121: radiological protection in paediatric diagnostic and interventional radiology.

Journal Article Ann ICRP · April 2013 Paediatric patients have a higher average risk of developing cancer compared with adults receiving the same dose. The longer life expectancy in children allows more time for any harmful effects of radiation to manifest, and developing organs and tissues ar ... Full text Link to item Cite

Challenges in radiation protection of patients for the 21st century.

Journal Article AJR Am J Roentgenol · April 2013 OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this article is to presage the upcoming challenges in the area of radiation protection of patients in imaging for different stakeholders, such as dosimetrists, radiation biologists, patients, referring physicians, radiologists, ra ... Full text Link to item Cite

How tracking radiologic procedures and dose helps: experience from Finland.

Journal Article AJR Am J Roentgenol · April 2013 OBJECTIVE: The purpose of our study was to review the experience of tracking radiologic procedures and radiation dose for individual patients in terms of impact on justification and optimization. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Examples were collected at the Hospit ... Full text Link to item Cite

Radiation exposure tracking: survey of unique patient identification number in 40 countries.

Journal Article AJR Am J Roentgenol · April 2013 OBJECTIVE: The purposes of this study were to survey in 40 countries the availability and use of unique patient identification numbers for radiologic examinations to facilitate radiation exposure tracking and to address plans for nationwide use of PACS net ... Full text Link to item Cite

Radiation dose from cone-beam CT in neuroradiology applications.

Journal Article AJR Am J Roentgenol · April 2013 OBJECTIVE: In view of increasing concern about radiation dose, this article aims to provide a summary of radiation doses in neuroradiologic applications of cone-beam CT. CONCLUSION: The conventional wisdom that cone-beam CT incurs a much lower radiation do ... Full text Link to item Cite

A study of smart card for radiation exposure history of patient.

Journal Article AJR Am J Roentgenol · April 2013 OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this article is to undertake a study on developing a prototype of a smart card that, when swiped in a system with access to the radiation exposure monitoring server, will locate the patient's radiation exposure history from that i ... Full text Link to item Cite

IAEA survey of paediatric computed tomography practice in 40 countries in Asia, Europe, Latin America and Africa: procedures and protocols.

Journal Article Eur Radiol · March 2013 OBJECTIVE: To survey procedures and protocols in paediatric computed tomography (CT) in 40 less resourced countries. METHODS: Under a project of the International Atomic Energy Agency, 146 CT facilities in 40 countries of Africa, Asia, Europe and Latin Ame ... Full text Link to item Cite

ICRP PUBLICATION 120: Radiological protection in cardiology.

Journal Article Ann ICRP · February 2013 Cardiac nuclear medicine, cardiac computed tomography (CT), interventional cardiology procedures, and electrophysiology procedures are increasing in number and account for an important share of patient radiation exposure in medicine. Complex percutaneous c ... Full text Link to item Cite

Radiation-associated lens opacities in catheterization personnel: results of a survey and direct assessments.

Journal Article J Vasc Interv Radiol · February 2013 PURPOSE: To estimate ocular radiation doses and prevalence of lens opacities in a group of interventional catheterization professionals and offer practical recommendations based on these findings to avoid future lens damage. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Subjects ... Full text Link to item Cite

Eye lens dosimetry in interventional cardiology: results of staff dose measurements and link to patient dose levels.

Journal Article Radiat Prot Dosimetry · 2013 Workers involved in interventional cardiology procedures receive high eye lens dose if protection is not used. Currently, there is no suitable method for routine use for the measurement of eye dose. Since most angiography machines are equipped with suitabl ... Full text Link to item Cite

TH‐A‐144‐01: Lens of the Eye Dosimetry

Conference Medical Physics · January 1, 2013 International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) issued a statement in 2011 decreasing the threshold for the lens of the eye to 0.5 Gy from earlier figure of 5 Gy for chronic and 0.5–2.0 Gy for acute exposures. Further, ICRP has reduced the dose ... Full text Cite

TU‐G‐105‐01: International Medical Physics Symposium — Part 2: Making a Difference in the World: Are You Willing to Be Part?

Conference Medical Physics · January 1, 2013 Many medical physicists have been contributing to make a difference in the world through international organizations. So much has happened and is happening in large part of the world particularly when it comes to assessment of radiation doses to patients i ... Full text Cite

WE‐G‐144‐01: The Management of Imaging Procedure Dose 4: National, International & Local Perspectives

Conference Medical Physics · January 1, 2013 Richard Morin: The American College of Radiology Dose Index Registry The American College of Radiology Dose Index Registry, part of the ACR National Radiology Data Registry, provides the infrastructure platform for institutions, hospitals, and clinics to r ... Full text Cite

Radiation protection of patients in diagnostic and interventional radiology in Asian countries: impact of an IAEA project.

Journal Article Eur J Radiol · October 2012 Recognizing the lack of information on image quality and patient doses in most countries in Asia, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) initiated a project to assess the status of imaging technology, practice in conventional radiography, mammograph ... Full text Link to item Cite

Tracking patient radiation exposure: challenges to integrating nuclear medicine with other modalities.

Journal Article J Nucl Cardiol · October 2012 The cumulative radiation exposure to the patient from multiple radiological procedures can place some individuals at significantly increased risk for stochastic effects and tissue reactions. Approaches, such as those in the International Atomic Energy Agen ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patient radiation exposure tracking: worldwide programs and needs--results from the first IAEA survey.

Journal Article Eur J Radiol · October 2012 The purpose of this study was to assess the current status of patient radiation exposure tracking internationally, gauge interest and develop recommendations for implementation. A survey questionnaire was distributed to representatives of countries to obta ... Full text Link to item Cite

Image quality and dose in mammography in 17 countries in Africa, Asia and Eastern Europe: results from IAEA projects.

Journal Article Eur J Radiol · September 2012 PURPOSE: The objective is to study mammography practice from an optimisation point of view by assessing the impact of simple and immediately implementable corrective actions on image quality. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective multinational study incl ... Full text Link to item Cite

Radiation doses to patients in coronary interventions in a hospital in Thailand

Journal Article Asian Biomedicine · August 1, 2012 Background: Radiation dose is best estimated by the Dose Area Product (DAP), the absorbed dose to air, multiplied by the X-ray beam cross-sectional area at the point of measurement. Interventional cardiologists should be made aware of the exposures to pati ... Full text Cite

IAEA survey of pediatric CT practice in 40 countries in Asia, Europe, Latin America, and Africa: Part 1, frequency and appropriateness.

Journal Article AJR Am J Roentgenol · May 2012 OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the frequency of pediatric CT in 40 less-resourced countries and to determine the level of appropriateness in CT use. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data on the increase in the number of CT examinations during 200 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Large-scale quality improvement for radiation protection of children worldwide: lessons from the past applied to the present.

Journal Article AJR Am J Roentgenol · May 2012 OBJECTIVE: The objective of this article is to highlight strategies that can be used to implement changes locally for improved safety of pediatric patients. Specific examples of international organizations engaged with quality improvement are discussed. CO ... Full text Link to item Cite

Justification of diagnostic medical exposures: some practical issues. Report of an International Atomic Energy Agency Consultation.

Journal Article Br J Radiol · May 2012 OBJECTIVES: The Radiation Protection of Patients Unit of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is concerned about the effectiveness of justification of diagnostic medical exposures. Recent published work and the report of an initial IAEA consultati ... Full text Link to item Cite

Radiological protection in medicine: work of ICRP Committee 3.

Journal Article Ann ICRP · 2012 Committee 3 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) is concerned with protection in medicine, and develops recommendations and guidance on the protection of patients, staff, and the public against radiation exposure in medicine. T ... Full text Link to item Cite

ICRP and IAEA actions on radiation protection in computed tomography.

Journal Article Ann ICRP · 2012 In 1998, the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) warned that computed tomography (CT) doses were high, and the frequency of usage was likely to increase in view of spiral CT technology that enhances patient convenience and provides h ... Full text Link to item Cite

International Atomic Energy Agency study with referring physicians on patient radiation exposure and its tracking: a prospective survey using a web-based questionnaire.

Journal Article BMJ Open · 2012 OBJECTIVES: To assess the following themes among referring physicians: (A) importance of acquiring information about previous diagnostic exposures; (B) knowledge about radiation doses involved, familiarity with radiation units and, age-related radiosensiti ... Full text Link to item Cite

Radiation-induced eye lens changes and risk for cataract in interventional cardiology.

Journal Article Cardiology · 2012 BACKGROUND: Recent studies have reported a significant increase in eye lens opacities among staff in the cardiac catheterization laboratory but indicated further studies are needed to confirm the findings. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of opacities ... Full text Link to item Cite

WE‐C‐211‐01: International Radiation Safety Standards and Systems

Conference Medical Physics · January 1, 2012 International organizations play an important role in establishing roles, responsibilities and needs of medical physicists, be it for radiation protection or functional needs. The international Standards of safety (Basic Safety Standards‐BSS) steered by th ... Full text Cite

WE‐B‐213CD‐01: International Actions on Radiation Safety in Fluoroscopic Procedures Performed Outside Radiology Departments

Conference Medical Physics · January 1, 2012 Fluoroscopic guided procedures are increasingly being performed outside main radiology departments particularly in operation theatres. In some procedures the patient dose per procedure falls in the range of 5 to 30 mSv of effective dose and in some others ... Full text Cite

Impact of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) actions on radiation protection of patients in many countries.

Journal Article Radiat Prot Dosimetry · September 2011 In the 1990s, there was a lack of information on patient doses in most developing countries. In 2004, the International Atomic Energy Agency initiated projects aimed at assessing 'how safe are patients in radiological procedures and how to make them safer' ... Full text Link to item Cite

Skin injuries in interventional procedures.

Journal Article Radiat Prot Dosimetry · September 2011 Radiation-induced skin injuries to patients in interventional procedures have been reported since the early 1990s, but the number reported is far less than what might be occurring around the world. There is a gross lack of awareness resulting in patients s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Radiation and cataract.

Journal Article Radiat Prot Dosimetry · September 2011 When this paper was about to go to press, the International Commission on Radiological Protection released a statement recommending a change in the threshold dose for the eye lens and dose limits for eye for occupationally exposed persons. It is clear that ... Full text Link to item Cite

International action plan on the radiation protection of patients.

Journal Article Radiat Prot Dosimetry · September 2011 Realising that the major part of radiation protection efforts had been directed for over half a century at radiation protection of workers, and that there are major issues in relation to medical exposure, which contributes to over 95 % of the dose to the g ... Full text Link to item Cite

Medical radiation protection in next decade.

Journal Article Radiat Prot Dosimetry · September 2011 Interest in medical radiation protection today is the same as what it would have been almost a century ago. After many decades of relatively safe application of radiation in medicine, the recent spurt in over exposures, over-use of imaging and accidental e ... Full text Link to item Cite

Current issues in radiation protection in medicine.

Journal Article Radiat Prot Dosimetry · September 2011 Full text Link to item Cite

Status of radiation protection in interventional cardiology in four East European countries.

Journal Article Radiat Prot Dosimetry · September 2011 Level of staff and patient radiation protection in interventional cardiology in four counties (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro and Serbia) as a part of International Atomic Energy Agency project (RER/9/093) are presented. Patient doses were ass ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patient exposure tracking: the IAEA smart card project.

Journal Article Radiat Prot Dosimetry · September 2011 The existing approach of radiation protection is largely based on the collective dose to the population with provisions for protection at an individual level through justification and optimisation. With the individual patient dose now exceeding the life-lo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Radiation protection of patients in diagnostic radiology: status of practice in five Eastern-European countries, based on IAEA project.

Journal Article Eur J Radiol · August 2011 The purpose of this work was to investigate status of imaging technology and practice in five countries in Eastern-European region and evaluate the impact of IAEA projects on radiation protection of patients. Information collected using standardized IAEA p ... Full text Link to item Cite

Global quality imaging: emerging issues.

Journal Article J Am Coll Radiol · July 2011 Quality imaging may be described as "a timely access to and delivery of integrated and appropriate procedures, in a safe and responsive practice, and a prompt delivery of an accurately interpreted report by capable personnel in an efficient, effective, and ... Full text Link to item Cite

TU-B-211-02: Patient Radiation Exposure Tracking

Conference Medical Physics · June 2011 Full text Cite

Global quality imaging: improvement actions.

Journal Article J Am Coll Radiol · May 2011 Workforce shortage, workload increase, workplace changes, and budget challenges are emerging issues around the world, which could place quality imaging at risk. It is important for imaging stakeholders to collaborate, ensure patient safety, improve the qua ... Full text Link to item Cite

International project on individual monitoring and radiation exposure levels in interventional cardiology.

Conference Radiat Prot Dosimetry · March 2011 Within the Information System on Occupational Exposure in Medicine, Industry and Research (ISEMIR), a new International Atomic Energy Agency initiative, a Working Group on interventional cardiology, aims to assess staff radiation protection (RP) levels and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Status of radiation protection in various interventional cardiology procedures in the Asia Pacific region.

Journal Article Heart Asia · 2011 OBJECTIVE: Increasing use of interventional procedures in cardiology with unknown levels of radiation protection in many countries of Asia-Pacific region necessitates the need for status assessment. The study was part of an International Atomic Energy Agen ... Full text Link to item Cite

Radiation units, limits and dose constraints

Journal Article NATO Science for Peace and Security Series B Physics and Biophysics · January 1, 2011 A number of radiation units exist for representing radiation dose to patients, staff, public and quantities for radiation equipment performance in radiological practice. What is important is how ably to communicate these to medical professionals. The conce ... Full text Cite

International safety standards

Journal Article NATO Science for Peace and Security Series B Physics and Biophysics · January 1, 2011 International Radiation Safety Standards are developed by the IAEA under its mandate, in cooperation with a number of international organizations and based on scientific data provided by the United Nations Scientific Committee on Effects of Atomic Radiatio ... Full text Cite

TH‐C‐211‐01: International Perspectives on Radiation Protection

Conference Medical Physics · January 1, 2011 There are some actions which require international cooperation. An example of good cooperation can be found in the largely seamless international use of credit cards and ATM machines. Conversely, an example where international cooperation has not been effe ... Full text Cite

WE‐F‐110‐01: Radiation & Cataract: A New Challenge

Conference Medical Physics · January 1, 2011 We are passing through an era wherein it is certain that the currently accepted threshold for radiation cataract is no longer valid. Radiation cataract has, to date, been considered a deterministic effect with threshold. The International Commission on Rad ... Full text Cite

TU‐B‐211‐01: Patient Radiation Exposure Tracking

Conference Medical Physics · January 1, 2011 The concept of “radiation passport” or something similar has been around for over a decade but the current impetus is based on a) realization of increased radiation doses to individual patients in diagnostic and interventional procedures and b) possibility ... Full text Cite

ICRP Publication 117. Radiological protection in fluoroscopically guided procedures performed outside the imaging department.

Journal Article Ann ICRP · December 2010 An increasing number of medical specialists are using fluoroscopy outside imaging departments, but there has been general neglect of radiological protection coverage of fluoroscopy machines used outside imaging departments. Lack of radiological protection ... Full text Link to item Cite

Radiation protection in radiology - Where we are and where we are going?

Journal Article Rentgenologiya I Radiologiya · December 1, 2010 Cite

Risk for radiation-induced cataract for staff in interventional cardiology: is there reason for concern?

Journal Article Catheter Cardiovasc Interv · November 15, 2010 OBJECTIVES: To examine the prevalence of radiation-associated lens opacities among interventional cardiologists and nurses and correlate with occupational radiation exposure. BACKGROUND: Interventional cardiology personnel are exposed to relatively high le ... Full text Link to item Cite

Radiation cataract risk in interventional cardiology personnel.

Journal Article Radiat Res · October 2010 The lens of the eye is one of the most radiosensitive tissues in the body, and exposure of the lens to ionizing radiation can cause cataract. Cumulative X-ray doses to the lenses of interventional cardiologists and associated staff can be high. The Interna ... Full text Link to item Cite

Current issues and actions in radiation protection of patients.

Journal Article Eur J Radiol · October 2010 Medical application of ionizing radiation is a massive and increasing activity globally. While the use of ionizing radiation in medicine brings tremendous benefits to the global population, the associated risks due to stochastic and deterministic effects m ... Full text Link to item Cite

Tracking radiation exposure of patients.

Journal Article Lancet · September 4, 2010 Full text Link to item Cite

Paediatric CT examinations in 19 developing countries: frequency and radiation dose.

Journal Article Radiat Prot Dosimetry · June 2010 The aims of this study were to investigate the frequency of computed tomography (CT) examinations for paediatric patients below 15 y of age in 128 CT facilities in 28 developing countries of Africa, Asia and Eastern Europe and to assess the magnitude of CT ... Full text Link to item Cite

Risk for Radiation Cataract in Interventional Cardiology Personnel

Conference INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE · April 1, 2010 Link to item Cite

Radiation safety in abdominal computed tomography.

Journal Article Semin Ultrasound CT MR · February 2010 The rapid technological developments in computed tomography (CT) have enabled many new clinical applications in the abdominal region. Abdomen CT is considered as a high radiation dose examination due to the large number of radiosensitive organs in the fiel ... Full text Link to item Cite

Radiation protection in newer imaging technologies.

Journal Article Radiat Prot Dosimetry · 2010 Not even a week passes without a paper getting published in peer reviewed journals on radiation protection in newer imaging technologies that either did not exist 10 y ago or were not established for routine use. Computed tomography (CT) happens to be a co ... Full text Link to item Cite

TU‐D‐201B‐01: Challenges and Experience in CT Dose Assessment & Dose Reduction ‐ an International Perspective

Conference Medical Physics · January 1, 2010 Radiation doses in computed tomography (CT) is a matter of global interest. In developing countries, there is a lack of upgrading of technology in many facilities, such as tube current modulation, and a lack of skilled manpower (medical physicists) for dos ... Full text Cite

TH‐B‐202‐01: IAEA Smart Card Initiative for Patient Exposure

Conference Medical Physics · January 1, 2010 The concept of “radiation passport” or something similar has been around for over a decade but the current impetus is based on a) realization of increased radiation doses to individual patients in diagnostic and interventional procedures and b) possibility ... Full text Cite

WE‐B‐202‐01: IAEA Study of Cataract in Staff Working in Catheterization Laboratories

Conference Medical Physics · January 1, 2010 Staff working in catheterization laboratories, predominantly interventional cardiologists and nurses, are potentially exposed to relatively high levels of ionizing radiation and may be at risk of developing cataracts after several years of work if radiatio ... Full text Cite

Unintended exposure in radiotherapy: identification of prominent causes.

Journal Article Radiother Oncol · December 2009 BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Unintended exposures in radiotherapy are likely to occur when certain conditions that favour such exposures exist. Based on the frequency of occurrence of various causes of 100 events of unintended exposures in radiotherapy as deriv ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patient doses in CT examinations in 18 countries: initial results from International Atomic Energy Agency projects.

Journal Article Radiat Prot Dosimetry · September 2009 The purpose of this prospective study at 73 facilities in 18 countries in Africa, Asia and Eastern Europe was to investigate if the CT doses to adult patients in developing countries are higher than international standards. The dose assessment was performe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Radiation exposure to patients during interventional procedures in 20 countries: initial IAEA project results.

Journal Article AJR Am J Roentgenol · August 2009 OBJECTIVE: The purpose of our study was to investigate the level of radiation protection of patients and staff during interventional procedures in 20 countries of Africa, Asia, and Europe. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: In a multinational prospective study, informa ... Full text Link to item Cite

Report of a consultation on justification of patient exposures in medical imaging.

Conference Radiat Prot Dosimetry · July 2009 Radiation protection in medicine is underpinned by the concepts of justification and optimisation. Over the last 20 y much successful work has been devoted to developing and consolidating approaches to optimisation. A substantial knowledge base and a set o ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patient dose and image quality evaluation in common radiographic examinations in Sudan

Conference Ifmbe Proceedings · January 1, 2009 Image quality and radiation dose were evaluated in 8radiography rooms in 5 several hospitals in Sudan as part of an International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) project RAF/9/033. Entrance Skin Air Kerma (ESAK) was measured in 452 patients in five Sudanese ho ... Full text Cite

Status of radiation protection of patients in developing countries

Conference Ifmbe Proceedings · January 1, 2009 How safe is the patient in developing countries and making patient safer has been the objective of the International Action Plan on Radiological Protection of Patients launched by the IAEA in 2002. This requires assessment and comparison of radiation doses ... Full text Cite

Patient doses in CT and radiography in Africa

Conference Ifmbe Proceedings · January 1, 2009 There is increasing use of computed tomography (CT) scanning in Africa. However, there had been lack of information on patient doses in CT scanning and radiography in large part of Africa. Through the projects of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAE ... Full text Cite

Training of doctors using fluoroscopy

Conference Ifmbe Proceedings · January 1, 2009 Increasing number of medical specialists are using fluoroscopic guided procedures for diagnostic applications and for interventions. Many of these specialists have either no training or inadequate training in radiation protection. These include interventio ... Full text Cite

Investigation of image quality and patient doses in X-ray diagnostic radiology in Zimbabwe

Conference Ifmbe Proceedings · January 1, 2009 The main objective of this study was to estimate patient doses in conventional radiography and corresponding image quality in Zimbabwe, as part of an International Atomic energy Agency (IAEA) project (RAF/9/033). Three government hospitals and 5 private ce ... Full text Cite

Survey of image quality and patient dose in simple radiographic examinations in Madagascar: Initial results

Conference Ifmbe Proceedings · January 1, 2009 In the first ever survey of patient doses in Madagascar, image quality and patient doses were evaluated in 3 rooms of 2 hospitals in Madagascar as part of an International Atomic energy Agency (IAEA) project (RAF/9/033) using protocols and instructions by ... Full text Cite

Patient doses in radiographic examinations in 12 countries in Asia, Africa, and Eastern Europe: initial results from IAEA projects.

Journal Article AJR Am J Roentgenol · June 2008 OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to survey image quality and the entrance surface air kerma for patients in radiographic examinations and to perform comparisons with diagnostic reference levels. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: In this multinational prospecti ... Full text Link to item Cite

The IAEA's activities in radiological protection in digital imaging.

Journal Article Radiat Prot Dosimetry · 2008 The success achieved to minimise the radiation exposure to staff to levels much below the prescribed dose limits encourages a similar approach in patient protection where dose limits do not exist but where reference levels are provided. A number of radiati ... Full text Link to item Cite

The IAEA's activities on radiation protection in interventional cardiology.

Journal Article Biomed Imaging Interv J · April 2007 The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) under its mandate of developing and applying standards of radiation safety has initiated a number of activities in recent years on radiation protection in interventional cardiology. These activities are impleme ... Full text Link to item Cite

Training of interventional cardiologists in radiation protection--the IAEA's initiatives.

Journal Article Int J Cardiol · January 8, 2007 The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has initiated a major international initiative to train interventional cardiologists in radiation protection as a part of its International Action Plan on the radiological protection of patients. A simple progr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dose management in CT facility

Journal Article Biomedical Imaging and Intervention Journal · January 1, 2007 Computed Tomography (CT) examinations have rapidly increased in number over the last few years due to recent advances such as the spiral, multidetector-row, CT fluoroscopy and Positron Emission Tomography (PET)-CT technology. This has resulted in a large i ... Full text Cite

X ray imaging goes digital.

Journal Article BMJ · October 14, 2006 Full text Link to item Cite

Dose reduction in CT while maintaining diagnostic confidence: diagnostic reference levels at routine head, chest, and abdominal CT--IAEA-coordinated research project.

Journal Article Radiology · September 2006 PURPOSE: To measure radiation doses for computed tomography (CT) of the head, chest, and abdomen and compare them with the diagnostic reference levels, as part of the International Atomic Energy Agency Research coordination project. MATERIALS AND METHODS: ... Full text Link to item Cite

Radiation effects in fluoroscopically guided cardiac interventions--keeping them under control.

Journal Article Int J Cardiol · May 10, 2006 It would appear that a significant number of cardiologists are unaware that skin injuries ranging from erythema to telangiectasia or even dermal necrosis can be caused by the procedures they perform. Conditions that have been reported to be associated with ... Full text Link to item Cite

Tumor marker CA-125 as an evaluator and response indicator in ovarian cancer: its quantitative correlation with tumor volume.

Journal Article Med Sci Monit · February 2005 BACKGROUND: The tumor marker Cancer Antigen 125 (CA 125), though not ovarian cancer specific, is widely used for the evaluation of suspected and under-treated ovarian cancer. Many studies show that serum CA 125 level demonstrates ovarian tumor burden and i ... Link to item Cite

Effect of reduction in tube current on reader confidence in paediatric computed tomography.

Journal Article Clin Radiol · February 2005 BACKGROUND: Computed tomography (CT) contributes significantly to the total radiation dose derived from medical imaging in children. As the number of CT examinations increases there is renewed interest in possible ways to minimize such radiation. AIM: To s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Abdomen CT: Influence of patient size and technical factors on image noise and quality

Conference PROCEEDINGS OF THE 23RD INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF RADIOLOGY OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF RADIOLOGY · 2004 Cite

Potential of CT-scan based tumor volume as a response indicator in chemotherapy of advanced epithelial ovarian cancer.

Journal Article Med Sci Monit · October 2002 BACKGROUND: Response prediction in patients undergoing chemotherapy for ovarian cancer is an important issue, since the cure rate is only about 15-20%. We attempted to develop a semi-empirical model to predict response in individual cases after the first c ... Link to item Cite

Radiation doses in cardiac angiographic procedures

Conference Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Proceedings · December 1, 2000 In view of paucity of information on radiation doses, an attempt was made to estimate the doses to patient and staff in angiographic procedure. The dose measurements were done using TLD-100 chips supplied by Harshaw Bicron and in some cases the dose area p ... Cite

CT: Caution on radiation dose

Journal Article Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging · January 1, 2000 Cite

Effects of low level ionising radiations.

Journal Article Indian J Biochem Biophys · October 1999 Link to item Cite

Factors affecting image quality

Journal Article Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging · January 1, 1998 When compared to the radiograph generated by Roentgen in 1895 the brighter side of image quality today is that we have images which give much better contrast between tissues with minor variation of density or other characteristics; better differentiation t ... Cite

X- ray tube technology update

Journal Article Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging · January 1, 1997 During the 100 years since the discovery of X-rays, the X-ray tube has undergone significant improvements to meet the demand of shorter exposure time and frequent exposures as in angiography. This has been achieved by multiple focal spots, rotating anodes, ... Cite

Grading image quality in chest radiography

Journal Article Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging · January 1, 1994 We attempted to grade image quality using three different criteria namely Anatomical (A), Physical (P) and Overall (O), with a total score of 100 for each. The anatomic criterion included grading in terms of the extent of visualisation optimal, adequate, p ... Cite

Quality assurance in diagnostic radiology

Journal Article Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging · December 1, 1992 Cite

Optimising the value of C-14 breath test.

Journal Article Indian J Med Res · July 1987 Link to item Cite

A METHOD FOR QUICKER DETECTION OF CYSTIC DUCT PATENCY BY IDA-SCINTIGRAPHY

Journal Article EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE · January 1, 1984 Link to item Cite

Transport studies and enzyme assays in mice infected with human Giardia lamblia.

Journal Article Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg · 1982 It is well established that Giardia infection causes malabsorption. However, the precise mechanism of such a malabsorption is not known. To investigate this, transport studies, using the tissue accumulation technique, were carried out in mice infected with ... Full text Link to item Cite

Liver scan in hydatid disease

Journal Article Indian Journal of Radiology · January 1, 1981 A retrospective analysis of 38 patients clinically suspected of having hydatid disease of the liver has been presented. The space occupying lesion (SOL) was detected in 27 patients on scan, thus confirming the clinical suspicion in 71 per cent of the cases ... Cite

Site of Tc-99m binding to the red blood cell: concise communication.

Journal Article J Nucl Med · July 1980 The increasing interest in the use of Tc-99m-labeled red blood cells encourages exploration into the site and mechanism of binding of Tc-99m to the RBC components. The components isolated from the labeled red cells were the lipid and protein of the membran ... Link to item Cite

Evaluation of a simpler technique for in-vivo labelling of red blood cells with 99mTc.

Journal Article Nuklearmedizin · February 1980 The efficiency of labelling red blood cells with intravenously administered 99mTcO4, by prior oral administration of stannous chloride dihydrate, has been evaluated. Optimum labelling occurred 1 hr after the oral dose of 200 mg of SnCl2.2 H2O and 20 min af ... Link to item Cite

Placental localisation with 99mTc-labelled red blood cells.

Journal Article Nuklearmedizin · February 1980 The accuracy of placental localisation by radioisotopic scanning using 99mTc-labelled red blood cells has been estimated in 20 patients. The results have been correlated with the findings at delivery by direct and indirect methods. The accuracy of results ... Link to item Cite

Value and limitations of testicular scanning by in vivo labelling of RBC with 99mTc.

Journal Article Eur Urol · 1980 When a scrotal affection cannot be diagnosed confidently by correlation of clinical history and physical examination, testicular scanning with 99mTc is a useful adjunct diagnostic modality. In vivo labelling of red blood cells with 99mTc was achieved by pr ... Full text Link to item Cite

An in vitro comparative study of micro-marginal leakage of three restorative materials

Journal Article Bulletin Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Chandigarh · January 1, 1980 A comparison of the adaptability of three restorative materials, namely silver (solila), adaptic and epoxylite has been presented. The role of cavity varnish lining in reducing microleakage has been assessed. Sixty class V cavities were prepared on caries ... Cite

A new container geometry for better sensitivity in radiometric measurements.

Journal Article J Nucl Med · October 1979 A new two-compartment liquid scintillation vial system for radiometric measurement has been evolved, such that the light attenuation by the inner vial is minimized. The increase in relative efficiency is over 70% better than in an earlier design. The syste ... Link to item Cite

Aqueous chamber kinetics of the 3H-labelled hair dye

Journal Article Bulletin Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Chandigarh · January 1, 1979 Cite

Contamination monitor as a nuclear stethoscope for community nuclear medicine

Journal Article Bulletin Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Chandigarh · January 1, 1979 A portable contamination monitor has been modified for use as an in vivo counting probe. The evaluation by physical parameters and clinical studies shows its suitability for a variety of diagnostic studies. The correlation equations for thyroid uptake meas ... Cite

Fallacy of renal scan interpretation in a post-operative case

Journal Article Indian Journal of Radiology · January 1, 1979 Cite

Nuclear dacrocystography using a rectilinear scanner

Journal Article Bulletin Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Chandigarh · January 1, 1979 Cite

In vivo calibration for quantitative retention estimation.

Journal Article Int J Appl Radiat Isot · August 1977 Full text Link to item Cite

CRITERION FOR DEPTH INDEPENDENCE IN WHOLE-BODY COUNTING

Journal Article PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY · January 1, 1977 Link to item Cite

A simple and inexpensive clinical whole body counter.

Journal Article Nuklearmedizin · October 1976 The conventional radioisotope scanner has been used as a whole body counter. The background index of the system is 10.9 counts per minute per ml of sodium iodide crystal. The sensitivity and derived sensitivity parameters have been evaluated and found to b ... Link to item Cite

Longitudinal and transverse uniformity in clinical whole body counting by an improved technique.

Journal Article Nucl Med (Stuttg) · January 31, 1975 A new technique using a single NaI(Tl) detector (9 cm x 6.3 cm) in two positions and based on the response curves of the detector has been described. Also a different approach to select the energy band was adopted which is helpful in reducing the dependenc ... Link to item Cite