Scholars@Duke
Gerald Sylvan Lazarus

Gerald Sylvan Lazarus

Adjunct Professor in the Department of Dermatology
Dermatology

Selected Publications

Spectrum of diseases associated with pyoderma gangrenosum and correlation with effectiveness of therapy: New insights on the diagnosis and therapy of comorbid hidradenitis suppurativa.

Journal Article Wound Repair Regen · May 2022 Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) has been linked to various underlying systemic diseases; many associations are based on case reports or small case series, including hidradenitis suppurativa. Literature examining systemic therapies according to underlying comorbi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dementia: A Personal Story.

Journal Article Ann Intern Med · March 17, 2020 Full text Link to item Cite

Leg Ulcers in Dermatology

Journal Article Current Dermatology Reports · December 1, 2016 Purpose of Review: This review provides a thorough qualitative synthesis of the characteristic physical examination findings, expected diagnostic study findings, risk factors, etiology, systemic complications, and optimal therapeutic approach to leg ulcers ... Full text Cite

Clinical interventions for venous leg ulcers: Proposals to improve the quality of clinical leg ulcer research.

Journal Article Wound Repair Regen · September 2016 The present status of clinical leg ulcer healing research was reviewed by 25 experts over 2 days on September 28 and 29, 2015. Multiple clinical effectiveness reviews were presented suggesting that published clinical wound healing research often does not m ... Full text Link to item Cite

Premenstrual flares of pyoderma gangrenosum controlled with use of a combined oral contraceptive and antiandrogen (ethinyl estradiol/drospirenone)

Journal Article British Journal of Dermatology · May 1, 2016 The effect of sex hormones on pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) has not been reported. We report the case of a 34-year-old woman with chronic PG leg ulcers who was found to have recurring, premenstrual flares of PG. Her PG flares were controlled with the use of et ... Full text Cite

Medical and surgical treatment of chronic venous ulcers.

Journal Article Semin Vasc Surg · 2015 Venous ulcer of the lower extremity is a common vascular condition and is associated with decreased quality of life, reduced mobility, and social isolation. Treatment of chronic venous ulcer (CVU) includes compression therapy, debridement of the ulcer when ... Full text Link to item Cite

Negative pressure wound therapy technologies for chronic wound care in the home setting: A systematic review.

Journal Article Wound Repair Regen · 2015 The use of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) is increasing in both the inpatient and outpatient settings. We conducted a systematic review on the efficacy and safety of NPWT for the treatment of chronic wounds in the home setting. We searched MEDLINE, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Biochemical association of metabolic profile and microbiome in chronic pressure ulcer wounds.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2015 Chronic, non-healing wounds contribute significantly to the suffering of patients with co-morbidities in the clinical population with mild to severely compromised immune systems. Normal wound healing proceeds through a well-described process. However, in c ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comparative effectiveness of advanced wound dressings for patients with chronic venous leg ulcers: a systematic review.

Journal Article Wound Repair Regen · 2014 The purpose of this study was to systematically review the literature on the benefits and harms of advanced wound dressings on wound healing, mortality, quality of life, pain, condition of the wound bed, and adverse events for patients with chronic venous ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comparative effectiveness of surgical interventions aimed at treating underlying venous pathology in patients with chronic venous ulcer

Journal Article Journal of Vascular Surgery: Venous and Lymphatic Disorders · January 1, 2014 Objective: Chronic venous ulcers (CVUs) remain the leading causes for nonhealing wounds in the lower extremities. Although multilayer compression dressing remains the treatment gold standard, there are various surgical procedures aimed at healing CVUs with ... Full text Cite

Chronic venous leg ulcer treatment: future research needs.

Journal Article Wound Repair Regen · 2014 The prevalence and costs of chronic venous ulcer care in the US are increasing. The Johns Hopkins University Evidence-Based Practice Center recently completed a systematic review of the comparative effectiveness of advanced wound dressings, antibiotics, an ... Full text Link to item Cite

The joys of international dermatology.

Journal Article J Invest Dermatol · February 2013 Full text Link to item Cite

New horizons for cutaneous microbiology: the role of biofilms in dermatological disease.

Journal Article Br J Dermatol · October 2011 Human skin is colonized by bacteria. The development of new genomic microbiological techniques has revealed that the bacterial ecology of human skin is far more complex than previously imagined and includes many fastidious or noncultivable bacterial specie ... Full text Link to item Cite

Macroscale spatial variation in chronic wound microbiota: a cross-sectional study.

Journal Article Wound Repair Regen · 2011 Controlling for sample site is considered to be an important aspect of chronic wound microbiological investigations; yet, macroscale spatial variation in wound microbiota has not been well characterized. A total of 31 curette samples were collected at the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hemoglobin A1C predicts healing rate in diabetic wounds

Journal Article Journal of Investigative Dermatology · January 1, 2011 Lower-extremity wounds are a major complication of diabetes. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) reflects glycemia over 2-3 months and is the standard measure used to monitor glycemia in diabetic patients, but results from studies have not shown a consistent associatio ... Full text Cite

The importance of a multifaceted approach to characterizing the microbial flora of chronic wounds.

Journal Article Wound Repair Regen · 2011 Chronic wounds contain complex polymicrobial communities of sessile organisms that have been underappreciated because of limitations of standard culture techniques. The aim of this work was to combine recently developed next-generation investigative techni ... Full text Link to item Cite

Real-time PCR assays compared to culture-based approaches for identification of aerobic bacteria in chronic wounds.

Journal Article Clin Microbiol Infect · December 2010 Chronic wounds cause substantial morbidity and disability. Infection in chronic wounds is clinically defined by routine culture methods that can take several days to obtain a final result, and may not fully describe the community of organisms or biome with ... Full text Link to item Cite

Combat Wound Initiative program.

Journal Article Mil Med · July 2010 The Combat Wound Initiative (CWI) program is a collaborative, multidisciplinary, and interservice public-private partnership that provides personalized, state-of-the-art, and complex wound care via targeted clinical and translational research. The CWI uses ... Full text Link to item Cite

An international model for geriatrics program development in China: the Johns Hopkins-Peking Union Medical College experience.

Journal Article J Am Geriatr Soc · July 2010 China has the world's largest and most rapidly growing older adult population. Recent dramatic socioeconomic changes, including a large number of migrating workers leaving their elderly parents and grandparents behind and the 4:2:1 family structure caused ... Full text Link to item Cite

Molecular microbiology: new dimensions for cutaneous biology and wound healing.

Journal Article J Invest Dermatol · January 2010 The role of bacteria in the pathogenesis of chronic, nonhealing wounds is unclear. All wounds are colonized with bacteria, but differentiating colonizers from invading organisms is difficult, if not impossible, at the present time. Furthermore, robust new ... Full text Link to item Cite

Community analysis of chronic wound bacteria using 16S rRNA gene-based pyrosequencing: impact of diabetes and antibiotics on chronic wound microbiota.

Journal Article PLoS One · July 31, 2009 BACKGROUND: Bacterial colonization is hypothesized to play a pathogenic role in the non-healing state of chronic wounds. We characterized wound bacteria from a cohort of chronic wound patients using a 16S rRNA gene-based pyrosequencing approach and assesse ... Full text Link to item Cite

Treating the chronic wound: A practical approach to the care of nonhealing wounds and wound care dressings.

Journal Article J Am Acad Dermatol · February 2008 UNLABELLED: Chronic wounds are a major healthcare problem costing the United States billions of dollars a year. The American Academy of Dermatology has underscored the significance of wound care in dermatological practice. It is critical for all dermatolog ... Full text Link to item Cite

Digital imaging of wounds: are measurements reproducible among observers?

Journal Article Int J Low Extrem Wounds · December 2007 Advances in digital imaging and archiving have made the measurement and documentation of wound areas possible over time. To assess the reproducibility and precision of digital image measurements, we used WoundMatrix Web (http://www.woundmatrix.com/) and re ... Full text Link to item Cite

Lipedema, a frequently unrecognized problem.

Journal Article J Am Acad Dermatol · August 2007 Lipedema is characterized by symmetric lower extremity enlargement secondary to the deposition of fat. Lipedema is not rare, but it is commonly misdiagnosed as lymphedema. We describe a 20-year-old woman with massive lower extremity enlargement that did no ... Full text Link to item Cite

Occlusive Wound Dressings in Emergency Medicine and Acute Care

Journal Article Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America · January 1, 2007 One of the great misconceptions in wound care is that a wound heals best when permitted to form a dry scab. By contrast, moisture has repeatedly been shown to significantly accelerate wound healing. Emergency physicians and other acute care providers are e ... Full text Cite

Beijing morning.

Journal Article Pharos Alpha Omega Alpha Honor Med Soc · 2005 Link to item Cite

Challenges facing Chinese health care

Journal Article Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · January 1, 2004 Full text Cite

Increased formation of thromboxane in vivo in humans with mastocytosis.

Journal Article J Invest Dermatol · July 1999 Clinical manifestations of mastocytosis are mediated, at least in part, by release of the mast cell mediators histamine and prostaglandin D2. It has been previously reported that in addition to prostaglandin D2, mast cells produce other eicosanoids, includ ... Full text Link to item Cite

The effects of a managed care educational program on faculty and trainee knowledge, attitudes, and behavioral intentions.

Journal Article Acad Med · October 1998 PURPOSE: To assess the state of managed care knowledge and attitudes and to evaluate the effects of a two-day course on participants' knowledge, attitudes, and behavioral intentions. METHOD: In 1996, the University of California, Davis, Medical School invi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dominantly inherited epidermal acantholysis in dogs, simulating human benign familial chronic pemphigus (Hailey-Hailey disease).

Journal Article Br J Dermatol · February 1997 We report on dominantly inherited epidermal acantholysis in three dogs, a sire and two female offspring. The skin lesions were characterized by hairless, hypertrophic plaques. Histopathologically, these lesions showed epidermal hyperplasia with individual ... Link to item Cite

Mastocytosis: new understandings in cutaneous pathophysiology.

Conference J Dermatol · November 1996 Human mast cells contain large quantities of chymotryptic and tryptic proteinases. In human skin, mast cells contain both chymase and tryptase, whereas, in the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract, mast cells contain primarily tryptase. By contrast, submuc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Expression of plasminogen activators in basal cell carcinoma.

Journal Article J Pathol · March 1996 The plasminogen activators, tissue type and urokinase type (tPA and uPA, respectively), have been identified in various malignancies and have been implicated in both local growth and metastatic spread. To characterize plasminogen activator expression more ... Full text Link to item Cite

Topical calcipotriene has no short-term effect on calcium and bone metabolism of patients with psoriasis.

Journal Article J Am Acad Dermatol · March 1996 BACKGROUND: The biologically active form of vitamin D3, calcitriol, is effective in the treatment of psoriasis but can alter calcium metabolism. Calcipotriene is an analog of calcitriol that has low calcemic activity and aids in clearing psoriasis. OBJECTI ... Full text Link to item Cite

Fibrinolytic abnormalities in two different cutaneous manifestations of venous disease.

Journal Article J Am Acad Dermatol · February 1996 BACKGROUND: Chronic venous insufficiency may be associated with lipodermatosclerosis or atrophie blanche. Coagulation abnormalities may be related to these cutaneous disorders. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to determine whether fibrinolytic abnormalities exis ... Full text Link to item Cite

Skin abnormalities in mice transgenic for plasminogen activator inhibitor 1: implications for the regulation of desquamation and follicular neogenesis by plasminogen activator enzymes.

Journal Article Dev Biol · August 1995 Plasminogen activator enzymes have been implicated in the regulation of growth, migration, and differentiation which occur continually in normal epidermis and cyclically in the hair follicle. To elucidate further the importance of plasminogen activation in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Improved diagnosis of mastocytosis by measurement of the major urinary metabolite of prostaglandin D2.

Journal Article J Invest Dermatol · June 1995 Symptoms of mastocytosis have been attributed to the overproduction of both histamine and prostaglandin (PG) D2. Recently, we developed an assay for the major urinary metabolite of PGD2 (PGD-M), 9 alpha,11 beta-dihydroxy-15-oxo-2,3,18,19-tetranorprost-5-en ... Full text Link to item Cite

Induction of autocrine epidermal growth factor receptor ligands in human keratinocytes by insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1.

Journal Article J Cell Physiol · May 1995 Autocrine activation of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor on keratinocytes has been recognized as an important growth regulatory mechanism involved in epithelial homeostasis, and, possibly, hyperproliferative diseases. Insulin-like growth factor ( ... Full text Link to item Cite

Managed care in California. Daunting new realities for dermatology and academic medicine.

Journal Article Arch Dermatol · December 1994 Managed care is the predominant method of health care delivery in Sacramento, Calif; the effect on our academic medical center is profound. The lessons we are learning in the development of a university-based health care network have applicability to derma ... Full text Link to item Cite

Determination of the primary structures of human skin chymase and cathepsin G from cutaneous mast cells of urticaria pigmentosa lesions.

Journal Article J Immunol · April 15, 1994 This study establishes the primary structure of human skin chymase and provides further evidence for the presence of a cathepsin G-like proteinase within human mast cells. The amino acid sequence of human skin chymase was established by protein methods and ... Link to item Cite

Definitions and guidelines for assessment of wounds and evaluation of healing.

Journal Article Arch Dermatol · April 1994 BACKGROUND: Chronic wounds represent a worldwide problem. For laboratory and clinical research to adequately address this problem, a common language needs to exist. OBSERVATION: This language should include a system of wound classification, a lexicon of wo ... Link to item Cite

Calcium modulates the expression of urokinase plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor 2 by human keratinocytes.

Journal Article Exp Dermatol · April 1994 Keratinocytes propagated in low calcium (30 microM CaCl2) serum-free media grow in a monolayer and exhibit morphologic and biosynthetic phenotypes most similar to those of keratinocytes in the basal layer of the normal epidermis. When the calcium in the me ... Full text Link to item Cite

Expression of plasminogen activator enzymes in psoriatic epidermis.

Journal Article J Invest Dermatol · March 1994 The plasminogen activators, tissue type and urokinase type (tPA and uPA, respectively) have been identified in human skin under normal conditions and in various inflammatory dermatoses, including psoriasis. By Northern blot analyses, mRNA for uPA, but not ... Full text Link to item Cite

Expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 2 in normal and psoriatic epidermis.

Journal Article Histochemistry · February 1994 The plasminogen activator (PA) proteolytic cascade has been implicated in the regulation of cell activities, including proliferation and differentiation, both of which occur continuously in normal human epidermis and are aberrant in psoriatic epidermis. To ... Full text Link to item Cite

Definitions and guidelines for assessment of wounds and evaluation of healing

Journal Article Wound Repair and Regeneration · January 1, 1994 Chronic wounds represent a worldwide problem. For laboratory and clinical research to adequately address this problem, a common language needs to exist. This language should include a system of wound classification, a lexicon of wound descriptors, and a de ... Full text Cite

Development of pemphigus vulgaris-like lesions in severe combined immunodeficiency disease mice reconstituted with lymphocytes from patients.

Journal Article J Clin Invest · November 1993 Pemphigus vulgaris is an autoimmune blistering disease that is induced by binding of antibodies to a 130/85-kD protein complex on epidermal keratinocytes. An in vivo experimental model of this disease was developed by reconstituting severe combined immunod ... Full text Link to item Cite

Venous leg ulcers: an analysis of underlying venous disease.

Journal Article Br J Dermatol · September 1993 Patients with venous leg ulcers have a readily recognized clinical syndrome of shallow ulcers, oedema, leg pain, venous ankle blush, lipodermatosclerosis, varicose veins, hyperpigmentation, and atrophie blanche, and they are assumed to have venous abnormal ... Full text Link to item Cite

Activation of protein kinase C inhibits human keratinocyte migration.

Journal Article J Cell Physiol · September 1993 The involvement of protein kinase C (PKC) in epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced human keratinocyte migration was studied with the phagokinetic assay. It was concluded that PKC activation does not mediate, but rather inhibits, EGF-induced keratinocyte mi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Differential expression of plasminogen activators and their inhibitors in an organotypic skin coculture system.

Journal Article J Cell Sci · September 1993 Using immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization, we have characterized the expression and localization of components of the plasminogen activator proteolytic cascade in an organotypic coculture system which consists of a "dermal" portion (human dermal ... Full text Link to item Cite

Modification of integrin-mediated cell attachment to substrata by serine proteinases in the presence and absence of divalent cations.

Journal Article Exp Cell Res · September 1993 The sensitivity to serine proteinases of cellular proteins involved in cell-matrix adhesion was investigated using C32 melanoma cells. Cells dissociated from monolayers by the metal chelator ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid were incubated with proteolytic e ... Full text Link to item Cite

Planimetric rate of healing in venous ulcers of the leg treated with pressure bandage and hydrocolloid dressing.

Journal Article J Am Acad Dermatol · March 1993 BACKGROUND: Venous leg ulcers are a common cause of morbidity, but few predictive parameters exist that can be used to follow their progress. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the use of healing rate as a useful parameter in the treatment of venous ulceration. ME ... Full text Link to item Cite

Introduction

Chapter · January 1, 1993 Full text Cite

New aspects of pathogenesis of psoriasis.

Conference Semin Dermatol · December 1992 Link to item Cite

Treatment of pyoderma gangrenosum with cyclosporine.

Journal Article Arch Dermatol · August 1992 BACKGROUND AND DESIGN: Pyoderma gangrenosum is a chronic inflammatory ulcerative skin disease of unknown origin, often associated with various diseases including inflammatory bowel disease, inflammatory arthritis, monoclonal gammopathies, hepatitis, and my ... Link to item Cite

Urokinase plasminogen activator is immunocytochemically detectable in squamous cell but not basal cell carcinomas.

Journal Article J Invest Dermatol · March 1992 The presence of plasminogen activators (PA) in a variety of solid tumors appears to correlate, in a number of instances, with enhanced invasive or metastatic capabilities. In the present study, we have immunocytochemically examined basal cell (BCC) and squ ... Full text Link to item Cite

Alterations in renal function in psoriasis patients treated with cyclosporine, 5 mg/kg/day.

Journal Article J Am Acad Dermatol · February 1992 BACKGROUND: Cyclosporine has been used to treat a variety of cutaneous and immune-mediated diseases. Nephrotoxicity is the most common major adverse side effect. OBJECTIVE: The study was designed to investigate the frequency of alterations in serum creatin ... Full text Link to item Cite

Rapid and specific conversion of precursor interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) to an active IL-1 species by human mast cell chymase.

Journal Article J Exp Med · October 1, 1991 Secretory granules of human dermal mast cells contain a chymotrypsin-like serine proteinase called chymase. In this study, we demonstrate that the inactive cytokine, 31 kD interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta), can be converted rapidly to an 18 kD biologically ac ... Full text Link to item Cite

Role of laminin in localization of human dermal mast cells.

Journal Article Lab Invest · October 1991 Human connective tissue type mast cells (CTMC) are frequently located in close proximity to microvascular and neural basement membranes (BM). We have explored the interaction between human dermal connective tissue-type (chymase positive) mast cells and lam ... Link to item Cite

Plasminogen activators in epithelial biology.

Conference Semin Thromb Hemost · July 1991 Full text Link to item Cite

Mediators, initiating the inflammatory response, released in organ culture by full-thickness human skin explants exposed to the irritant, sulfur mustard.

Journal Article J Invest Dermatol · June 1991 Mediators released from injured human skin that initiate the inflammatory response have not been adequately identified. Organ culture of full-thickness skin explants enables us to do so, because injury to the skin can be made in vitro, eliminating the rapi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Treatment of psoriasis with piritrexim, a lipid-soluble folate antagonist.

Journal Article Arch Dermatol · April 1991 Methotrexate is an effective and convenient treatment for severe psoriasis whose use is limited by the development of hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis in a small number of patients. The mechanism of hepatotoxicity is unknown, but it is believed to be the res ... Link to item Cite

Urticaria pigmentosa. Systemic evaluation and successful treatment with topical steroids.

Journal Article Arch Dermatol · February 1991 Nine patients with adult-onset urticaria pigmentosa were studied for the incidence of extracutaneous mast cell involvement and the efficacy of potent topical corticosteroid therapy for cutaneous lesions. Seven of the nine patients had increased mast cells ... Full text Link to item Cite

Tissue plasminogen activator in psoriasis.

Journal Article J Invest Dermatol · November 1990 Elevated levels of the serine proteinase plasminogen activator are observed in psoriatic lesions. In contrast to normal epidermis, lesional psoriatic epidermis contains primarily tissue type plasminogen activator (tPA) activity and much lower levels of uro ... Link to item Cite

mRNA for tissue-type plasminogen activator is present in lesional epidermis from patients with psoriasis, pemphigus, or bullous pemphigoid, but is not detected in normal epidermis.

Journal Article J Invest Dermatol · November 1990 Plasminogen activator (PA), which catalyzes the conversion of plasminogen to the proteinase plasmin, has been implicated in a variety of cutaneous disorders. Lesional epidermis from patients with psoriasis, pemphigus, bullous pemphigoid, and Hailey-Hailey ... Full text Link to item Cite

Reaction of human skin chymotrypsin-like proteinase chymase with plasma proteinase inhibitors.

Journal Article J Biol Chem · December 15, 1989 The ability of plasma proteinase inhibitors to inactivate human chymase, a chymotrypsin-like proteinase stored within mast cell secretory granules, was investigated. Incubation with plasma resulted in over 80% inhibition of chymase hydrolytic activity for ... Link to item Cite

Treatment of cutaneous granulocytic sarcoma in a patient with myelodysplasia.

Journal Article Am J Med · April 1989 In this report, we have presented our experience with a patient with a rare cutaneous granulocytic sarcoma. In addition to hematoxylin and eosin, myeloperoxidase stain and specific stains for lysozyme and esterase were helpful in confirming the histologic ... Full text Link to item Cite

Characterization of keratinocyte plasminogen activator inhibitors and demonstration of the prevention of pemphigus IgG-induced acantholysis by a purified plasminogen activator inhibitor.

Journal Article J Invest Dermatol · March 1989 To investigate the mechanisms by which cutaneous plasminogen activator (PA) may be regulated, we have tested cultured keratinocytes for the presence of PA inhibitors. Using biosynthetic labeling experiments with 35S-methionine in conjunction with specific ... Full text Link to item Cite

Treatment of autoimmune disease with extracorporeal photochemotherapy: pemphigus vulgaris--preliminary report.

Journal Article Yale J Biol Med · 1989 Extracorporeal photochemotherapy is a new form of immunotherapy which involves the extracorporeal photoinactivation of peripheral blood cells by 8-methoxypsoralen in the presence of ultraviolet A irradiation, followed by readministration of the cells. To e ... Link to item Cite

Present status of pyoderma gangrenosum. Review of 21 cases.

Journal Article Arch Dermatol · January 1989 This article summarizes the management of 22 cases of pyoderma gangrenosum over the past four years at the hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. Eighteen patients with pyoderma gangrenosum were studied using the most sensitive routine l ... Link to item Cite

Commentary on the maximization test

Journal Article Journal of Investigative Dermatology · January 1, 1989 Full text Cite

Epidermal plasminogen activator is abnormal in cutaneous lesions.

Journal Article J Invest Dermatol · June 1988 To investigate the role of plasminogen activator (PA) in cutaneous disease, we have used biochemical and immunocytochemical techniques to examine PA in normal and lesional skin. In normal human dermis, tissue PA is the predominant PA activity; however, in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Keratinocyte urokinase-type plasminogen activator is secreted as a single chain precursor.

Journal Article J Invest Dermatol · June 1988 Urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) is produced and secreted by cultured human keratinocytes as a single chain precursor. UPA in keratinocyte conditioned medium is not susceptible to inhibition with diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP), and it has an ap ... Full text Link to item Cite

Purification and identification of two serine class proteinases from dog mast biochemically and immunologically similar to human proteinases tryptase and chymase.

Journal Article Arch Biochem Biophys · April 1988 Serine class proteinases with trypsin-like and chymotrypsin-like specificity were purified from dog mastocytoma tissue. An antiserum was produced against the chymotrypsin-like proteinase. The antiserum reacted with mast cells in skin sections prepared from ... Full text Link to item Cite

Involvement of urokinase-type plasminogen activator in acantholysis induced by pemphigus IgG.

Journal Article J Invest Dermatol · November 1987 Pemphigus IgG induces acantholysis in skin organ culture without the involvement of complement. Urokinase-type plasminogen activator, a proteolytic enzyme, has been implicated in the development of acantholysis. To test this hypothesis, we prepared a rabbi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Human skin chymotrypsin-like proteinase chymase. Subcellular localization to mast cell granules and interaction with heparin and other glycosaminoglycans.

Journal Article J Biol Chem · May 15, 1987 The subcellular localization of human skin chymase to mast cell granules was established by immunoelectron microscopy, and binding of chymase to the area of the dermo-epidermal junction, a basement membrane, was demonstrated immunocytochemically in cryosec ... Link to item Cite

Migrating keratinocytes express urokinase-type plasminogen activator.

Journal Article J Invest Dermatol · April 1987 When confluent keratinocyte cultures were wounded by cutting with a blade, the cells rapidly retracted from the wounded site, leaving an area denuded of cells. Within 3-4 h of wounding, keratinocytes began to migrate from the edges and gradually reepitheli ... Full text Link to item Cite

Aggressive topical corticosteroid therapy: a novel approach to mast-cell-dependent cutaneous disorders.

Journal Article Dermatologica · 1987 Topical corticosteroids are utilized in the treatment of a wide variety of skin diseases, primarily those involving an inflammatory component. Recent investigations have revealed that one of the effects of long-term usage of steroids is the depletion of sk ... Full text Link to item Cite

To hang together or separately.

Journal Article Arch Dermatol · September 1986 Link to item Cite

Serine proteinases in human cutaneous mastocytosis.

Journal Article Arch Dermatol Res · 1986 The main chymotryptic and tryptic proteinases of human skin were found in high-salt extracts of human dermis. The levels of these enzymes were markedly increased in salt extracts of human cutaneous mastocytosis as compared to the levels found in extracts o ... Full text Link to item Cite

Human epidermal plasminogen activator. Characterization, localization, and modulation.

Journal Article Exp Cell Res · December 1985 Using biochemical and immunocytochemical approaches, we have investigated the plasminogen activator (PA) of primary human epidermal cell cultures. A rabbit antibody raised against human urinary PA (urokinase) inhibited greater than or equal to 96% of the P ... Full text Link to item Cite

Treatment of urticaria pigmentosa with corticosteroids.

Journal Article Arch Dermatol · December 1985 Based on a previous observation that the long-term application of potent topical corticosteroids under occlusion to normal skin resulted in the loss of mast cells, we investigated the effects of intralesional and topical steroids in urticaria pigmentosa (U ... Link to item Cite

Mammalian chymotrypsin-like enzymes. Comparative reactivities of rat mast cell proteases, human and dog skin chymases, and human cathepsin G with peptide 4-nitroanilide substrates and with peptide chloromethyl ketone and sulfonyl fluoride inhibitors.

Journal Article Biochemistry · April 9, 1985 The extended substrate binding sites of several chymotrypsin-like serine proteases, including rat mast cell proteases I and II (RMCP I and II, respectively) and human and dog skin chymases, have been investigated by using peptide 4-nitroanilide substrates. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Phenytoin hypersensitivity reaction presenting with toxic epidermal necrolysis and severe hepatitis. Report of a patient treated with corticosteroid "pulse therapy".

Journal Article J Am Acad Dermatol · January 1985 In this report we describe the successful outcome following the use of corticosteroid pulse therapy in a patient with a severe phenytoin hypersensitivity reaction presenting with toxic epidermal necrolysis and severe hepatitis. Steroid pulse therapy may be ... Full text Link to item Cite

Angiotensin I conversion by human and rat chymotryptic proteinases.

Journal Article J Invest Dermatol · November 1984 Human skin chymotrypsin-like proteinase, human neutrophil cathepsin G, rat mast cell chymase, and rat salivary gland tonin are cell-derived serine proteinases of similar size with specificity for amino acids of aromatic residues. Each enzyme was examined f ... Full text Link to item Cite

Degradation of the epidermal-dermal junction by proteolytic enzymes from human skin and human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

Journal Article J Exp Med · October 1, 1984 The degradation of normal human skin by the human polymorphonuclear leukocyte proteinases cathepsin G and elastase, and by a human skin chymotrypsin-like proteinase that appears to be a mast cell constituent, was examined. Enzymes were incubated with fresh ... Full text Link to item Cite

Penicillamine-induced pemphigus. Immunoglobulin from this patient induces plasminogen activator synthesis by human epidermal cells in culture: mechanism for acantholysis in pemphigus.

Journal Article Arch Dermatol · June 1984 The incubation of cultured epidermal cells with IgG obtained from a 56-year-old man with penicillamine-induced pemphigus resulted in an increase in extracellular and intracellular plasminogen activator. This suggests that penicillamine-induced pemphigus an ... Full text Link to item Cite

The effect of corticosteroids, dapsone and gold upon plasminogen activator synthesis and secretion by human epidermal cells cultured with pemphigus antibody.

Journal Article Br J Dermatol · March 1984 Human epidermal cells were cultured with pemphigus antibody in the presence of hydrocortisone, methylprednisolone sodium succinate, dapsone and gold. Hydrocortisone and methylprednisolone reduced the production of the enzyme plasminogen activator but dapso ... Full text Link to item Cite

Labeling of peripheral blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes with indium-111: a new method for the quantitation of in-vivo accumulation of PMNLs in rabbit skin.

Journal Article J Invest Dermatol · February 1984 A precise method for quantitation of polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMNL) accumulation in skin in vivo, has been developed so that the proinflammatory effects of various agents can be compared. This method can also be used to evaluate the effect of therapeut ... Full text Link to item Cite

Autoantibody-mediated alteration of cellular adhesion: The role of plasminogen activator

Journal Article Clinical Immunology Newsletter · January 1, 1984 Full text Cite

Characterization and isolation of a novel serine proteinase from human epidermis

Journal Article Federation Proceedings · January 1, 1984 Cite

Polymorphonuclear leukocyte function in psoriasis: chemotaxis, chemokinesis, beta-adrenergic receptors, and proteolytic enzymes of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the peripheral blood from psoriatic patients.

Journal Article J Invest Dermatol · September 1983 Psoriatic patients, particularly those with psoriatic arthritis, have neutrophilic and eosinophilic leukocytosis. Isolated polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) from psoriatic patients have normal concentrations of proteolytic enzymes and they have beta-adr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Serum triglyceride elevation following high-dose vitamin A treatment for pityriasis rubra pilaris.

Journal Article Arch Dermatol · August 1983 We describe two patients with pityriasis rubra pilaris in whom hypertriglyceridemia developed following the oral administration of high-dose vitamin A (retinol). The effects of transient hypertriglyceridemia are unknown, as both patients tolerated high-dos ... Link to item Cite

Molecular size of secreted and cell-associated plasminogen activators from cultured epidermal cells.

Journal Article Br J Dermatol · July 1983 The molecular sizes of secreted and cell-associated plasminogen activators from four cultured cell types were determined using an SDS-PAGE technique in which plasminogen and casein were included during polymerization of the polyacrylamide gel. The major ba ... Full text Link to item Cite

Transplantation of psoriatic skin onto nude mice.

Journal Article J Invest Dermatol · June 1983 Involved psoriatic epidermis maintains its histologic appearance, increased labeling index, and increased level of plasminogen activator after grafting onto athymic nude mice. Epidermis from clinically uninvolved psoriatic skin develops an increase in plas ... Link to item Cite

Cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa. Report of a case associated with Crohn's disease.

Journal Article Arch Dermatol · April 1983 A patient had cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa associated with Crohn's disease. Immunopathologic studies disclosed evidence of circulating immune complexes as measured by C1q binding. Immunofluorescent microscopy of lesional skin showed C3 and fibrin deposit ... Full text Link to item Cite

Human skin chymotryptic proteinase. Isolation and relation to cathepsin g and rat mast cell proteinase I.

Journal Article J Biol Chem · March 10, 1983 A chymotrypsin-like proteinase was purified 2400-fold from human skin. The procedure involves extraction of the proteinase from skin in 2 M KCl, precipitation with protamine chloride, fractionation by gel filtration chromatography, and fractionation by chr ... Link to item Cite

Anti-cell surface pemphigus autoantibody stimulates plasminogen activator activity of human epidermal cells. A mechanism for the loss of epidermal cohesion and blister formation.

Journal Article J Exp Med · January 1, 1983 Binding of anti-cell surface pemphigus autoantibodies to cultured human epidermal cells stimulates synthesis and secretion of plasminogen activator (PA). Increases in PA activity were detected within 6 h of the addition of IgG and stimulation was dependent ... Full text Link to item Cite

Correlation of epidermal plasminogen activator activity with disease activity in psoriasis.

Journal Article Br J Dermatol · January 1983 The specific activity of plasminogen activator was increased in clinically involved psoriatic epidermis compared with the uninvolved skin of the same eight patients. Alterations in plasminogen activator activity correlated with disease activity as measured ... Full text Link to item Cite

Molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis.

Journal Article Clin Dermatol · 1983 Full text Link to item Cite

Minidose heparin therapy for vasculitis of atrophie blanche.

Journal Article J Am Acad Dermatol · January 1983 Atrophie blanche vasculitis is due to thromboocclusion of dermal blood vessels. A 28-year-old white man with a very severe case of this disease had a complete remission when he was treated with minidose heparin sodium injections. As little as 5,000 U of he ... Full text Link to item Cite

Reply

Journal Article Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · January 1, 1983 Full text Cite

Mr. Kozak's regime for epidermolysis bullosa

Journal Article Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · January 1, 1983 Full text Cite

Autodegradation of 125I-labeled human epidermal cell surface proteins.

Journal Article J Invest Dermatol · December 1982 Triton X-100 extracts of cultured human epidermal cells exhibited proteolytic activity as measured by the hydrolysis of [3H]-casein at neutral pH. The majority of endogenous proteolytic activity was inhibited by parahydroxy mercuribenzoate and by mersalyl ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pyoderma gangrenosum. Occurrence with altered cellular immunity and a circulating serum factor.

Journal Article Arch Dermatol · July 1982 Aberrations of cellular immune functions in pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) may lead to nonspecific activation of inflammatory cells or to an imbalance of suppression leading to autoaggression (chronic ulceration). A patient with severe unremitting PG had anergy ... Full text Link to item Cite

Antibody-induced release of cellular proteinases: loss of adhesion of human melanoma cells after binding of anti-melanoma antibody.

Journal Article J Immunol · March 1982 Incubation of monolayer cultures of human melanoma cells with monkey anti-human melanoma IgG resulted in loss of cellular adhesion. Release of melanoma cells from the culture dish was not the result of cytotoxicity. Antibody-induced cell detachment was par ... Link to item Cite

Uninvolved skin from psoriatic patients develops signs of involved psoriatic skin after being grafted onto nude mice.

Journal Article Science · February 5, 1982 Clinically involved psoriatic epidermis maintains its histological appearance, increased labeling index, and increased level of plasminogen activator after being grafted onto athymic nude mice. Uninvolved psoriatic epidermis develops increases in plasminog ... Full text Link to item Cite

Antibody-induced proteinase activation: a proposed mechanism for pemphigus.

Journal Article Springer Semin Immunopathol · June 1981 The current state of understanding of pemphigus includes the following: 1. Pemphigus is an autoimmune disease. In all variants a circulating autoantibody is found which binds to epidermal cells. In vivo antibody may be found deposited in the epidermis of p ... Full text Link to item Cite

The effect of 13-cis retinoic acid on epidermal lysosomal hydrolase activity in Darier's disease and pityriasis rubra pilaris.

Journal Article J Invest Dermatol · August 1980 Five patients with Darier's disease and 6 patients with pityriasis rubra pilaris were treated with 13-cis-retinoic acid. Extracts of separated epidermis were assayed for extractable protein, lactic dehydrogenase, Cathepsin D, beta glucuronidase and neutral ... Full text Link to item Cite

Immunocytochemical localization of chemoattractant proteinase in whole human skin, fibroblasts, lymphocytes, and granulocytes.

Journal Article J Histochem Cytochem · July 1980 A monospecific antibody to purified human skin chemotactic proteinase was raised in rabbits and shown to produce a single line of identity against crude and purified human proteinase. The antibody was used to localize the proteinase in human fibroblasts, p ... Full text Link to item Cite

Proteinase activation: a mechanism for cellular dyshesion in pemphigus.

Journal Article J Invest Dermatol · May 1980 An in vitro model system using cultured newborn epidermal cells was employed to investigate the binding of pemphigus autoantibody and subsequent loss of adhesion between epidermal cells. Pemphigus antibodies bound to both mouse and human cultured epidermal ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evaluation of 13-cis retinoic acid in lamellar ichthyosis, pityriasis rubra pilaris and Darier's disease.

Journal Article Cutis · April 1980 A new synthetic oral retinoid, 13-cis retinoic acid, is fairly well tolerated in patients and appears to be effective in those with Darier's disease and lamellar ichthyosis. It is less effective in those with pityriasis rubra pilaris. The mechanism of acti ... Link to item Cite

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Journal Article Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · January 1, 1980 Full text Cite

Production and secretion of proteolytic enzymes by normal and neoplastic cells.

Journal Article J Surg Oncol · 1979 A possible mechanism for tumor cell invasion of normal tissue might be secretion of proteolytic enzymes. This study compares and contrasts production and secretion of proteinases by cell cultures of normal and chemically transformed mouse epithelial cells. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mechanism of chemoattraction by mouse skin neutral proteinase

Journal Article Journal of Investigative Dermatology · January 1, 1979 Cite

A cytotoxic proteinase isolated from human lymphocytes.

Journal Article J Immunol · February 1978 A proteinase active at physiologic pH was isolated from unstimulated human peripheral blood lymphocytes with gel filtration and affinity chromatography. The proteinase with a molecular mass of approximately 30,000 daltons was completely inhibited by diisop ... Link to item Cite

Chemotactic proteinase induces polymorphonuclear leukocyte accumulation in psoriasis

Journal Article Journal of Investigative Dermatology · January 1, 1978 Cite

Anti-epidermal-cell-surface pemphigus antibody detaches viable epidermal cells from culture plates by activation of proteinase.

Journal Article Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · January 1978 Immunoglobulin from pemphigus patients binds to the surface of mouse epidermal cells in culture. Cells incubated with the pemphigus antibody are easily detached from culture plates whereas cells incubated with serum from normal patients remain on the plate ... Full text Link to item Cite

Polymorphonuclear leukocytes: possible mechanism of accumulation in psoriasis.

Journal Article Science · December 16, 1977 Extracts of involved and uninvolved skin from nine patients with untreated psoriasis were studied for chemotactic activity. Psoriatic plaque contains increased amounts of a complement-dependent chemotactic factor that is inhibited by diisopropyl fluorophos ... Full text Link to item Cite

Characterization of a chemotactic and cytotoxic proteinase from human skin.

Journal Article Biochim Biophys Acta · July 8, 1977 A proteinase (EC 3.4.-.-) active at physiological pH has been isolated from human skin utilizing gel filtration and affinity chromatography techniques. The proteinase has a molecular weight of approx. 28 000 and it is inhibited by alpha 2-macroglobulin, al ... Full text Link to item Cite

Molecular model for the induction of acantholysis in pemphigus vulgaris

Journal Article Journal of Investigative Dermatology · January 1, 1977 Cite

Epidermolysis bullosa hereditaria letalis: pathology, natural history and therapy.

Journal Article Br J Dermatol · January 1977 A patient with epidermolysis bullosa hereditaria letalis had the characteristic electron microscopic lesions not only in the skin, but also in the gastro-intestinal, genito-urinary and respiratory tracts. Administration of dexamethasone to this patients re ... Full text Link to item Cite

Proteinases of human epidermis; a possible mechanism for polymorphonuclear leukocyte chemotaxis.

Journal Article Biochim Biophys Acta · December 8, 1976 Three neutral proteinases (EC 3.4.--.--) and cathepsin D have been identified in human epidermis utilizing a highly sensitive radioactive method. The proteinases were extracted in 1.0 M KC1 and 0.1% Triton X-100 and separated by Sephadex G-75 chromatograph ... Full text Link to item Cite

Basement membrane antibody with skin bullae.

Journal Article N Y State J Med · December 1976 Link to item Cite

Subcutaneous fat necrosis after paracentesis: Report of a case in a patient with acute pancreatitis.

Journal Article Arch Dermatol · July 1976 A patient with acute pancreatitis developed subcutaneous fat necrosis of the anterior abdominal wall secondary to leakage of pancreatic enzymes through a rent in the peritoneum following paracentesis. The same patient also had another subcutaneous complica ... Full text Link to item Cite

Lysosomes and the skin.

Journal Article J Invest Dermatol · September 1975 Full text Link to item Cite

Immunocytochemical localization of cathepsin D in rabbit skin.

Journal Article Arch Dermatol · September 1975 The lysosomal proteinase cathepsin D has been localized in rabbit skin by immunocytochemical techniques. The enzyme was found in the basal layer of the epidermis, hair follicles, sebaceous glands, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells. An autoradiographic tec ... Link to item Cite

Lysosomes and the skin.

Journal Article Front Biol · 1975 Link to item Cite

Cathepsin D of rabbit skin: an immunoenzymic study.

Journal Article J Invest Dermatol · February 1974 Full text Link to item Cite

Cathepsin B1. A lysosomal enzyme that degrades native collagen.

Journal Article Biochem J · February 1974 1. Experiments were made to determine whether the purified lysosomal proteinases, cathepsins B1 and D, degrade acid-soluble collagen in solution, reconstituted collagen fibrils, insoluble collagen or gelatin. 2. At acid pH values cathepsin B1 released (14) ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mechanisms of connective tissue degradation

Conference Science · January 1, 1974 Full text Cite

Immunoinhibition of intracellular protein digestion in macrophages.

Journal Article J Exp Med · May 1, 1973 Specific anti-(rabbit cathepsin D) serum, previously shown to inhibit cathepsin D, arrested the intracellular digestion of sheep IgG and radiochemically labeled hemoglobin and proteoglycan in rabbit alveolar macrophages. In the presence of antiserum, cells ... Full text Link to item Cite

Role of granulocyte collagenase in collagen degradation.

Journal Article Am J Pathol · September 1972 Link to item Cite

Collagen, collagenase and clinicians.

Journal Article Br J Dermatol · February 1972 Full text Link to item Cite

Collagenase studies of gingivae of man.

Journal Article Trans Int Conf Oral Surg · 1970 Link to item Cite

Collagenase in bone of man.

Journal Article J Histochem Cytochem · December 1969 Full text Link to item Cite

Collagenase production by human dermis in vitro.

Journal Article J Invest Dermatol · June 1969 Full text Link to item Cite

Degradation of collagen by a human granulocyte collagenolytic system.

Journal Article J Clin Invest · December 1968 This report suggests a mechanism for collagen degradation mediated by human granulocytic leukocytes. A specific collagenase, which is extractable from human granulocytes, has been partially purified by DEAE chromatography. This collagenolytic enzyme is ope ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hyaluronidase activity of alveolar macrophages.

Journal Article J Histochem Cytochem · November 1968 Full text Link to item Cite

Human granulocyte collagenase.

Journal Article Science · March 29, 1968 A collagenase, operative at neutral and alkaline pH, has been extracted from the granule fraction of human granulocytic leukocytes. It digests reconstituted collagen fibrils and reduces the viscosity of collagen solutions. Cleavage of collagen in solution ... Full text Link to item Cite

Phenylbutazone anuria.

Journal Article South Med J · December 1967 Full text Link to item Cite