Journal ArticlePharmacol Biochem Behav · October 2025
Nicotine has been found by a variety of studies to improve cognitive function, including attention in both humans and experimental animals. However, it is not known which nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) stimulating vs. desensitizing effects of nic ...
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Journal ArticleNeurotoxicol Teratol · 2025
Neurotoxic risks in the environment come from many toxicants, which are often found together in complex mixtures. However, nearly all experimental studies evaluate one chemical at a time. Neurobehavioral effects of developmental exposure to heavy metals su ...
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Journal ArticleNeurotoxicology · July 2024
Repeated paternal preconception exposure to Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) alone or together with the other constituents in a cannabis extract has been shown in our earlier studies in rats to cause significant neurobehavioral impairment in their offsprin ...
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Journal ArticlePharmacol Biochem Behav · January 2024
Multiple interacting neural systems are involved in sustaining nicotine reinforcement. We and others have shown that dopamine D1 receptors and glutamate NMDA receptors both play important roles in nicotine reinforcement. Blockade of D1 receptors with the a ...
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Journal ArticlePharmacol Biochem Behav · April 2022
Nicotine and nicotinic compounds have been found to attenuate the attentional impairments caused by the glutamate NMDA antagonist dizocilpine (MK-801). The timing of the nicotine effect on attention in rodents has not yet been determined. In the current st ...
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Journal ArticleBehav Brain Res · January 7, 2022
The habenula is an epithalamic structure through which descending connections go from the telencephalon to the brainstem, putting it in a key location to provide feedback control over the ascending projections from the brainstem to the telencephalon. The m ...
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Journal ArticleDrug Alcohol Depend · November 1, 2021
BACKGROUND: Nicotine has reinforcing effects, but there are thousands of other compounds in tobacco, some of which might interact with nicotine reinforcement. AIMS: This rat study was conducted to determine if nicotine self-administration is altered by co- ...
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Journal ArticleEur J Pharmacol · October 15, 2021
Opioid use disorder (OUD) has a variety of adverse effects on both the users and their offspring. In the current study, a random group of Sprague-Dawley rats (25 females and 15 males) were tested for intravenous self-administration of the opioid agonist re ...
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Journal ArticleDrug Alcohol Depend · February 1, 2021
BACKGROUND: The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is considering setting a nicotine standard for tobacco products to reduce their addictiveness. Such a standard should account for the apparent greater vulnerability to nicotine addiction in some subpopulat ...
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Journal ArticleNeurotoxicology · December 2020
Maternal toxicant exposure during gestation can have deleterious effects on neurobehavioral development of the offspring. The potential risks engendered by paternal toxicant exposure prior to conception have been largely understudied. Recently, we found th ...
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Journal ArticlePsychopharmacology (Berl) · June 2020
RATIONALE: A variety of neural systems are involved in drug addiction, and some of these systems are shared across different addictive drugs. We have found several different types of drug treatments that successfully reduce nicotine self-administration. OB ...
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Journal ArticlePharmacol Biochem Behav · June 2020
Opiate addiction has risen substantially during the past decade. New treatments to combat opiate addiction are sorely needed. The current study was conducted to determine the acute individual and interactive effects of bupropion and dextromethorphan in a r ...
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Journal ArticleNeurotoxicology · May 2020
The potential health risks of cannabis are of growing concern, including effects on reproduction and development. Extensive research has investigated risks associated with maternal exposure to THC during gestation and its impacts on the development of offs ...
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Journal ArticleNicotine Tob Res · February 6, 2020
INTRODUCTION: Existing treatments can aid tobacco smoking cessation, but they have low efficacy. Because there is a network of neural systems involved in tobacco addiction, combination treatments may provide greater efficacy. Chronic nicotine and amitifadi ...
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Journal ArticlePharmacol Biochem Behav · November 2019
A variety of neural systems are involved in the brain bases of tobacco addiction. Animal models of nicotine addiction have helped identify a variety of interacting neural systems involved in the pathophysiology of tobacco addiction. We and others have foun ...
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Journal ArticleEur J Pharmacol · October 15, 2019
Neurobehavioral bases of tobacco addiction and nicotine reinforcement are complex, involving more than only nicotinic cholinergic or dopaminergic systems. Memantine is an NMDA glutamate antagonist used to improve cognitive function in people with Alzheimer ...
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Journal ArticlePharmacol Biochem Behav · April 2019
Sazetidine-A selectively desensitizes α4β2 nicotinic receptors and also has partial agonist effects. We have shown that subcutaneous acute and repeated injections as well as chronic infusions of sazetidine-A significantly reduce intravenous (IV) nicotine s ...
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Journal ArticleEur J Pharmacol · February 15, 2019
Sazetidine-A [6-(5(((S)-azetidine-2-yl)methoxy)pyridine-3-yl)hex-5-yn-1-ol] is a selective α4β2 nicotinic receptor desensitizing agent and partial agonist. Sazetidine-A has been shown in our previous studies to significantly reduce nicotine and alcohol sel ...
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Journal ArticlePharmacol Biochem Behav · January 2019
Tobacco addiction each year causes millions of deaths worldwide. Brain nicotinic acetylcholine receptors have been shown to be central to tobacco addiction. Nicotine replacement therapy aids tobacco cessation, but the success rate is still far too low. Thi ...
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Journal ArticleNeurotoxicol Teratol · 2019
Developmental neurotoxicity of a wide variety of toxicants mediated via maternal exposure during gestation is very well established. In contrast, the impacts of paternal toxicant exposure on offspring neurobehavioral function are much less well studied. A ...
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Journal ArticleNeurotoxicol Teratol · 2019
Studies of intergenerational effects of parental chemical exposure have principally focused on maternal exposure, particularly for studies of adverse neurobehavioral consequences on the offspring. Maternal nicotine exposure has long been known to cause adv ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of Drug and Alcohol Research · January 1, 2019
Significant opiate addiction is known to follow prescribed opiate use for pain. There is a serious unmet need for non-addicting medications to prevent subsequent opiate addiction after a short period of opioid treatment for temporary pain. Recent evidence ...
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Chapter · January 1, 2019
Tobacco addiction is a major problem worldwide with devastating health and socioeconomic consequences. Although several pharmacological treatments have been designed for combating this addiction, the development of more effective medications for the treatm ...
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Journal ArticleNeurosci Lett · March 6, 2018
Smoking cessation strategies are of prime medical importance. Despite availability of various pharmacological agents in combating addiction to nicotine, more effective medications are needed. Based on recent findings, the glutamatergic system in the brain ...
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Journal ArticlePharmacol Biochem Behav · March 2018
A variety of nicotinic drug treatments have been found to decrease nicotine self-administration. However, interactions of drugs affecting different nicotinic receptor subtypes have not been much investigated. This study investigated the interactions betwee ...
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Journal ArticlePsychopharmacology (Berl) · September 2017
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Desensitization of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors holds promise as an effective treatment of tobacco addiction. Previously, we found that sazetidine-A (Saz-A), which selectively desensitizes α4β2 nicotinic receptors, s ...
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Journal ArticleAm J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet · April 2017
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a common, recurring psychiatric illness with unknown pathogenesis. Recent studies suggest that microRNA (miRNA) levels in brains of BD patients are significantly altered, and these changes may offer insight into BD pathology or eti ...
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Journal ArticleJ Drug Alcohol Res · 2017
BACKGROUND: Although various pharmacological tools in combating addiction to alcohol are available, their efficacy is limited. Hence, there is a critical need for development of more effective medications. Recent advances in the field have identified the g ...
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Journal ArticlePsychopharmacology (Berl) · August 2016
RATIONALE: Chronic nicotine infusion via transdermal patches has been widely shown to assist with smoking cessation. In particular, transdermal nicotine treatment prior to quitting smoking helps reduce ad libitum smoking and aids cessation Rose et al. (Nic ...
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Journal ArticlePharmacol Biochem Behav · March 2016
Combining effective treatments with diverse mechanisms of action for smoking cessation may provide better therapy by targeting multiple points of control in the neural circuits underlying addiction. Previous research in a rat model has shown that dextromet ...
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Journal ArticleBehav Brain Res · March 1, 2016
The etiology of depression is unknown but has been associated with dysregulation of neuronal activity at numerous loci on the limbic-cortical circuitry. The Flinders Sensitive Line (FSL) is a validated rodent model of human depression with spontaneously em ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of Drug and Alcohol Research · January 1, 2016
Background. Alcohol and nicotine are commonly coabused. The search for a common core of neural, behavioral, and genetic factors underlying addiction has been the goal of addiction research. Purpose. Genetic predisposition to high alcohol intake has been st ...
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Journal ArticlePharmacol Biochem Behav · 2016
The ibogaine derivative 18-methoxycoronaridine (18-MC) has been found to decrease self-administration of morphine, nicotine and alcohol in rats after systemic injection. However oral dosing is the preferred route clinically. The current study evaluated the ...
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Journal ArticleNeurochem Res · November 2015
Brain serotonergic signaling is coupled to arachidonic acid (AA)-releasing calcium-dependent phospholipase A2. Increased brain serotonin concentrations and disturbed serotonergic neurotransmission have been reported in the Flinders Sensitive Line (FSL) rat ...
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Journal ArticleEur J Pharmacol · October 5, 2015
A wider diversity of drug treatments to aid smoking cessation is needed to help tailor the most efficacious treatment for different types of smokers. This study was conducted to determine whether amitifadine, which inhibits re-uptake of dopamine, norepinep ...
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Journal ArticleCurr Top Behav Neurosci · 2015
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors have been shown in many studies to be critically involved in memory function. The precise roles these receptors play depend on the receptor subtype, their anatomic localization, their interactions with other parts of the n ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of Drug and Alcohol Research · January 1, 2015
Introduction. Aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH-2) inhibitors have been shown to reduce cocaine and alcohol intake in rats. The mechanism of action appears to be due to inhibition of drug-induced dopamine (DA) production in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) an ...
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ConferenceEur J Pharmacol · October 5, 2014
Neuroactive steroids can modulate a variety of neurobehavioral functions via the GABAergic system. This study was conducted to determine the importance of the neurosteroid pregnenolone on the regulation of alcohol intake. The effects of acute and chronic a ...
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Journal ArticleJ Psychopharmacol · October 2014
Nicotine has been well characterized to improve memory and attention. Nicotine is the primary, but not only neuroactive compound in tobacco. Other tobacco constituents such as anabasine and anatabine also have agonist actions on nicotinic receptors. The cu ...
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Journal ArticlePharmacol Biochem Behav · October 2014
Serotonergic systems in the brain have been found to be important in the addiction to alcohol. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a novel 5-HT2c receptor agonist, lorcaserin for reducing alcohol consumption in alcohol-preferring (P) ...
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Journal ArticleJ Med Chem · November 14, 2013
Developing novel and selective compounds that desensitize α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) could provide new effective treatments for nicotine addiction, as well as other disorders. Here we report a new class of nAChR ligands that display hi ...
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Journal ArticleEur J Pharmacol · October 15, 2013
Nicotine elicits hypothermic responses in rodents. This effect appears to be related to nicotinic receptor desensitization because sazetidine-A, an α4β2 nicotinic receptor desensitizing agent, produces marked hypothermia and potentiates nicotine-induced hy ...
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Journal ArticleAlcohol Clin Exp Res · September 2013
BACKGROUND: Caffeine, alcohol, and nicotine are 3 of the most widespread self-administered psychoactive substances, which are known to be extensively co-administered. However, little is known about the degree to which they may mutually potentiate each othe ...
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Journal ArticleJ Med Chem · April 11, 2013
Neuronal acetylcholine receptors mediate the addictive effects of nicotine and may also be involved in alcohol addiction. Varenicline, an approved smoking cessation medication, showed clear efficacy in reducing alcohol consumption in heavy-drinking smokers ...
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Journal ArticlePsychopharmacology (Berl) · March 2013
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RATIONALE: Nicotine and nicotinic agonists have been shown to improve attentional function. Nicotinic receptors are easily desensitized, and all nicotinic agonists are also desensitizing agents. Although both receptor activation and desensitization are com ...
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Journal ArticleEur J Pharmacol · February 28, 2013
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Nicotinic agonists have been shown in a variety of studies to improve cognitive function. Since nicotinic receptors are easily desensitized by agonists, it is not completely clear to what degree receptor desensitization or receptor activation are responsib ...
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Journal ArticleJ Pharmacol Exp Ther · November 2012
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Chronic nicotine administration increases α4β2 neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) density in brain. This up-regulation probably contributes to the development and/or maintenance of nicotine dependence. nAChR up-regulation is believed to be t ...
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Journal ArticleNeurosci Lett · October 3, 2012
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Recent advances have been made in our understanding of the deleterious effects of both ethanol and THC on adolescent behavior and brain development. However, very little is known about the combined effects of EtOH+THC during adolescence, a time in which th ...
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Journal ArticlePsychopharmacology (Berl) · October 2012
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BACKGROUND AND RATIONALE: Nicotinic acetylcholine systems play major roles in cognitive function. Nicotine and a variety of nicotinic agonists improve attention, and nicotinic antagonist exposure impairs it. This study was conducted to investigate the effe ...
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Journal ArticleRecent Pat CNS Drug Discov · August 2012
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Alcoholism is a complex heterogeneous disease and a number of neurotransmitter and neuromodulator systems have been implicated in its manifestation. Consequently, it is unlikely that existing medications such as disulfiram (Antabuse®), naltrexone (ReVia®), ...
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Journal ArticlePsychopharmacology (Berl) · July 2012
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RATIONALE: Sazetidine-A is a selective α4β2 nicotinic receptor desensitizing agent and partial agonist. It has been shown in previous studies to significantly reduce nicotine self-administration in rats after acute or repeated injections. However, the effe ...
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Journal ArticleCurr Drug Abuse Rev · June 2012
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Heavy alcohol use has numerous negative impacts on cognition. In many cases, it appears that excess drinking influences working memory, problem solving, attention, patterns of regional brain activation, and even gray and white matter volume. Due to these e ...
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Journal ArticleEur J Pharmacol · May 5, 2012
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Nicotine-induced hypothermia is well established, but the nicotinic receptor actions underlying this effect are not clear. Nicotine causes activation and desensitization at a variety of nicotinic receptor subtypes. Sazetidine-A [6-(5(((S)-azetidine-2-yl)me ...
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Journal ArticleBehav Brain Res · December 1, 2011
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The great majority of tobacco addiction begins during adolescence. More heavily addicted smokers begin smoking earlier, but differentiating the neurobehavioral impact of nicotine self-administration during adolescence from self-selection bias (whereby peop ...
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Journal ArticleAlcohol · September 2011
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Neuropeptide Y (NPY) signaling has been shown to modulate stress responses and to be involved in regulation of alcohol intake and dependence. The present study explores the possibility that blockade of NPY Y2 autoreceptors using a novel, blood-brain barrie ...
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Journal ArticlePharmacol Biochem Behav · August 2011
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Attention can be readily measured in experimental animal models. Animal models of attention have been used to better understand the neural systems involved in attention, how attention is impaired, and how therapeutic treatments can ameliorate attentional d ...
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Journal ArticlePsychopharmacology (Berl) · June 2011
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BACKGROUND: Neuronal nicotinic receptor systems have been shown to play key roles in cognition. Nicotine and nicotinic analogs improve attention and nicotinic antagonists impair it. This study was conducted to investigate the role of α4β2 nicotinic recepto ...
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Journal ArticlePsychopharmacology (Berl) · April 2011
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RATIONALE: A few recent studies suggest that brain histamine levels and signaling via H(3) receptors play an important role in modulation of alcohol stimulation and reward in rodents. OBJECTIVE: The present study characterized the effects of a novel, selec ...
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Journal Article · December 1, 2010
The Fawn-Hooded (FH/Wjd) rat is an inbred strain that exhibits symptoms analogous to those exhibited by human depressives and alcoholics. The exaggerated swim test immobility and increased basal coticosterone levels are two of the depressed-like symptoms; ...
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Journal ArticlePsychopharmacology (Berl) · August 2010
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RATIONALE: Manipulations of nicotinic cholinergic receptors have been shown to influence both alcohol and nicotine intake. Sazetidine-A [6-(5(((S)-azetidine-2-yl)methoxy)pyridine-3-yl)hex-5-yn-1-ol] is a novel compound that potently and selectively desensi ...
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Journal ArticleJ Pharmacol Exp Ther · March 2010
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Adequate treatment of tobacco addiction remains problematic. Part of the problem with treatment is a poor understanding of the pharmacologic aspects of nicotine contributing to addiction. In addition to activating nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, nicotin ...
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Journal ArticleAlcohol Alcohol · 2010
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AIMS: In this study, we tested the impact of pretreatment with alcohol on subsequent alcohol drinking in outbred Sprague-Dawley and selectively bred alcohol-preferring (P) rats. METHODS: As a pretreatment, male Sprague-Dawley and P rats were given a passiv ...
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Journal ArticleAlcohol Clin Exp Res · August 2009
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BACKGROUND: Since 1994, when naltrexone (Revia) was approved by the FDA for the treatment of alcoholism, only 2 other drugs (Campral and Topamax have been approved for alcoholism treatment. However, various experimental drugs, including antiepileptic medic ...
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Journal ArticleProg Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry · April 30, 2009
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A strong positive association between depression and alcoholism is evident in epidemiological studies. Curiously, the incidence of smoking (nicotine intake) is also very high among depressed individuals. Because neuronal nicotinic receptors have been impli ...
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Journal ArticleProg Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry · March 17, 2009
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It is well established that nicotinic systems in the brain are critically involved in attentional processes in both animals and humans. The current study assessed the effects of a novel nicotinic alpha7 receptor partial agonist and 5-HT3 antagonist, R3487/ ...
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Journal ArticlePharmacol Biochem Behav · March 2009
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Methylphenidate is widely used as a treatment option for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. In animal models of attentional impairment, it is an important validation to determine whether this clinically effective treatment attenuates deficits. The p ...
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Journal ArticleBehav Brain Res · January 23, 2009
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Classically, it has been thought that high-affinity nicotinic receptors-containing beta2 subunits are the most important receptor subtypes for nicotinic involvement in cognitive function and nicotine self-administration, while low affinity alpha7-containin ...
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Journal ArticleEur J Pharmacol · December 14, 2008
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Nicotine intake constitutes a principal mechanism for tobacco addiction. In addition to primary effects on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, nicotine has cascading effects, which may also underlie its neurobehavioral actions. Nicotine induces serotonin (5 ...
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Journal ArticleNeuroscience · June 26, 2008
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Dopaminergic innervation of the frontal cortex in adults is important for a variety of cognitive functions and behavioral control. However, the role of frontal cortical dopaminergic innervation for neurobehavioral development has received little attention. ...
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Journal ArticleToxicol Sci · June 2008
Ciguatoxins (CTX) are polyether neurotoxins that target voltage-gated sodium channels and are responsible for ciguatera, the most common fish-borne food poisoning in humans. This study characterizes the global transcriptional response of mouse liver to a s ...
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Journal ArticleProg Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry · May 15, 2008
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Blockade of NMDA glutamate receptors with dizocilpine (MK-801) has been shown to cause substantial cognitive deficits and has been used to model symptoms of schizophrenia. Nicotine or nicotinic agonists, in contrast, may enhance cognitive or attentional fu ...
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Journal ArticleAlcohol Clin Exp Res · May 2008
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BACKGROUND: Alcohol abuse disorders emerge over time with repeated consumption of ethanol, but not all ethanol drinkers develop these disorders. There are pre-existing characteristics that indicate which drinkers are most likely to abuse alcohol. Adolescen ...
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Journal ArticleToxicology · April 3, 2008
Ciguatera is a common illness in tropical and subtropical regions that manifests in complex and long-lived symptoms which are more severe in subsequent exposures. This study measures central and peripheral neurologic signs, in parallel with blood toxin lev ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Neuropsychopharmacol · February 2008
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Cognitive impairment is very prevalent in schizophrenia and is currently undertreated in most patients. Attentional deficit is one of the hallmark symptoms of schizophrenia. Antipsychotic drugs, which can be quite effective in combating hallucinations are ...
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Journal ArticleNeurotoxicology · November 2007
Ciguatoxins (CTX) are a suite of cyclic polyether toxins produced by the marine dinoflagellate Gambierdiscus sp., are potent activators of voltage-gated sodium channels and a leading cause of human poisoning from food fish. This report characterizes the ge ...
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Journal ArticleBiochem Pharmacol · October 15, 2007
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People with schizophrenia often have substantial cognitive impairments, which may be related to nicotinic receptor deficits, (alpha7 and alpha4beta2), documented in the brains of people with schizophrenia. The large majority of people with schizophrenia sm ...
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Journal ArticlePsychiatr Genet · April 2007
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OBJECTIVE: The main objective of this study was a more detailed genetic characterization of the alcohol preferring fawn-hooded rat and its intercrosses. Fawn-hooded rats drink substantially more alcohol voluntarily than the ACI rats. The fawn-hooded rats w ...
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Journal ArticleBehav Brain Res · February 12, 2007
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Ethanol associated addictive behaviors are governed by a combination of multiple gene action (polygenic or quantitative trait) and environmental factors. We produced F2 progeny from F1 crosses derived from the alcohol-preferring Fawn-Hooded (FH/Wjd) rat st ...
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Journal ArticleNeurotoxicol Teratol · 2007
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Adolescence is the life stage when tobacco addiction typically begins. Adolescent neurobehavioral development may be altered by nicotine self-administration in a way that persistently potentiates addiction. Previously, we showed that female adolescent rats ...
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Journal ArticleAlcohol Clin Exp Res · January 2007
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BACKGROUND: N-Phenyl-2-[1-[3-(2-pyridinylethynyl)benzoyl]-4-piperidine]acetamide (JNJ-5234801) is a structurally novel atypical anxiolytic with an overall in vivo profile in animals suggestive of the potential to show anxiolytic efficacy in humans at doses ...
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Journal ArticleNeurosci Biobehav Rev · 2007
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This review will consider the evidence supporting the view that a specific substrain of Fawn-Hooded rat (FH/Wjd) exhibits co-occurring depressive-like behavior and high alcohol intake independently. First, the FH/Wjd rat is compared with other Fawn-Hooded ...
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Journal ArticleAddict Biol · September 2006
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The Fawn-Hooded rat (FH/Wjd) is an inbred alcohol-preferring rat strain, unlike most of the other strains that were selectively bred for high alcohol intake and preference. It was chosen for study some 16 years ago because of a reported mutation that disru ...
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Journal ArticlePsychopharmacology (Berl) · March 2006
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RATIONALE: Nicotine has been shown in a variety of studies in humans and experimental animals to improve cognitive function. Nicotinic treatments are being developed as therapeutic treatments for cognitive dysfunction. OBJECTIVES: Critical for the developm ...
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Journal ArticleProg Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry · March 2006
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Although antipsychotic drugs are therapeutically effective in attenuating the hallmark symptoms of schizophrenia, these improvements do not return most patients to normative standards of cognitive function. Thus, complementary drug treatment may be needed ...
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Chapter · January 1, 2006
Since its discovery in the early 1950s, the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor system in the brain has been implicated in many fundamental functions, including neuronal plasticity, neurotoxicity, learning, and memory (Riedel et al., 2003). The aim of thi ...
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Journal ArticleEXS · 2006
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In summary, neuronal nicotinic systems are important for a variety of aspects of cognitive function impacted by antipsychotic drugs. It has been demonstrated that antipsychotic drugs have memory and attentional impairing effects when given to unimpaired su ...
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Journal ArticleAlcohol Clin Exp Res · September 2005
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This article presents an overview of the proceedings from a symposium entitled "Is adolescence special? Possible age-related vulnerabilities to chronic alcohol or nicotine exposure," organized by Susan Barron and Linda Spear and held at the 2004 Research S ...
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Journal ArticlePsychopharmacology (Berl) · May 2005
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RATIONALE: Both central serotonergic and nicotinic systems play important roles in a variety of neurobehavioral functions; however, the interactions of these two systems have not been fully characterized. The current study served to determine the impact of ...
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Journal ArticleBrain Res · April 18, 2005
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Chronic nicotine administration has long been known to increase the number of high-affinity alpha4beta2 nicotinic receptors with lesser effects on low-affinity alpha7 nicotinic receptors. Nicotine has been shown to promote the release of a variety of neuro ...
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Journal ArticleEur J Pharmacol · February 20, 2004
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Schizophrenia is marked by pronounced cognitive impairments in addition to the hallmark psychotic symptoms like hallucinations. Antipsychotic drugs can effectively reduce these hallucinations; however, the drugs have not resolved the cognitive impairment. ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Dev Neurosci · 2004
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Alcohol and nicotine are the most widely abused drugs in the world. The use of these addictive drugs often begins in adolescence, however, little is known about the different impacts of nicotine and alcohol on adolescents versus adults. This study examined ...
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Journal ArticlePsychopharmacology (Berl) · September 2003
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RATIONALE: Although the great majority of tobacco addiction begins during adolescence, little is known about differential nicotine effects in adolescents versus adults. OBJECTIVES: A rat model was used to determine the impact of the age of onset on nicotin ...
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Journal ArticlePharmacol Biochem Behav · August 2003
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Nicotine and alcohol are very often co-used and co-abused. Thus, it is important to understand their interactions. In many ways, nicotine and alcohol have opposing effects. This can be clearly seen in terms of their effects on cognitive function. Nicotine ...
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Journal ArticlePharmacol Biochem Behav · June 2003
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The present review summarizes the findings of the effects of extracts of purified compounds from several plants on alcohol intake in alcohol-preferring rats. These include St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum, HPE), kudzu (Pueraria lobata) and ibogaine (T ...
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Journal ArticleEur J Pharmacol · March 28, 2003
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Nicotinic systems have been shown to be critically involved in cognitive function including attention. Nicotine has been shown to improve performance on attentional tasks in humans with Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia and attention deficit hyperactivity ...
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Journal ArticleAlcohol Clin Exp Res · February 2003
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This review summarizes the findings of the effects on alcohol intake in alcohol-preferring rats of extracts or purified compounds from two of the most promising herbs: kudzu (Pueraria lobata) and St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum). It is a summary of a ...
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Journal ArticleNaunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol · February 2003
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Effects of chronic treatment with St John's wort (SJW, Hypericum perforatum) on neurochemical markers of serotonin, dopamine and opioid systems in mesolimbic regions of the fawn-hooded rat were investigated by quantitative autoradiography. After 10 days' t ...
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Journal ArticlePsychopharmacology (Berl) · December 2002
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RATIONALE: During the past decade, central nicotinic systems have been shown in both experimental animals and humans to play an important role in cognitive function. However, the way in which specific aspects of cognitive function are affected by nicotinic ...
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Journal ArticleCurr Drug Targets CNS Neurol Disord · August 2002
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Nicotinic medications may provide beneficial therapeutic treatment for cognitive dysfunction such as Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). For development of nicotinic treatments we are fortunate to have a ...
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Journal ArticlePharmacol Biochem Behav · July 2002
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Nicotine and ethanol are the most widely abused drugs in the world. They are very often used and abused together. However, little is known about the functional interaction of nicotine and ethanol. The current project studied the interactive effects of nico ...
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Journal ArticlePsychiatr Genet · March 2002
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The Fawn-Hooded (FH/Wjd) rat is an inbred strain of rat that has been reported to exhibit both high immobility in the forced swim test and high voluntary ethanol intake, measures that have been periodically linked with depression and alcoholism in humans. ...
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Journal ArticleJ Therm Biol · June 2001
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Body (core) temperature (T(c)) directly affects all biological processes, including sensitivity to toxic chemicals, development, aging, and drug metabolism. To understand how T(c) affects these processes it is necessary to alter T(c) independently of other ...
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Journal ArticleBiol Psychiatry · February 1, 2001
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Nicotine and other nicotinic agonists have been found to improve performance on attention and memory tasks. Clinical studies using nicotine skin patches have demonstrated the efficacy of nicotine in treating cognitive impairments associated with Alzheimer' ...
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Chapter · January 1, 2001
Rat models have been very useful in demonstrating the effects of nicotinic agonist and antagonist on memory performance. Experimental rat models have been critical in providing the behavioral characterization of nicotinic effects on memory, as well as impo ...
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Journal ArticleNeurotoxicol Teratol · 2001
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Pfiesteria piscicida is a toxic dinoflagellate that has caused massive fish kills in estuaries along the East Coast of the United States, and exposure of humans to toxic Pfiesteria has been associated with cognitive impairment. A visual signal detection ta ...
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Journal ArticlePharmacol Biochem Behav · January 2001
The enhancement of voluntary self-administration of ethanol by sucrose or saccharin was tested in conjunction with measurements of blood ethanol levels. Adult male rats were given access to both tap water and one of five solutions: 0.125% saccharin, 10% su ...
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Journal ArticlePhysiol Behav · December 2000
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Nicotinic acetylcholine systems play important roles in addiction, and nicotinic receptor stimulation stimulates dopamine release while the nicotinic antagonist mecamylamine reduces it. Reid et al. [Neuropsychopharmacology 20 (1999) 297.] recently found in ...
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Journal ArticleAmerican Journal of Medical Genetics Neuropsychiatric Genetics · August 7, 2000
The inbred Fawn-Hooded (FH/Wjd) strain of rats not only drinks substantial amounts of alcohol voluntarily compared to the inbred ACI (ACI/N) strain, they also exhibit exaggerated immobility in the forced swim test (measurement for depression), have high sa ...
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Journal ArticlePharmacol Biochem Behav · May 2000
Antidepressant effects of acute or chronic nicotine treatments in swim test immobility of Flinders sensitive line (FSL) rats, an animal model of depression, were recently demonstrated (Tizabi et al. Psychopharmacology 142:193, 1999). In the present study w ...
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Journal ArticleEur J Pharmacol · March 30, 2000
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Nicotine, as well as other nicotinic drugs, may provide useful therapeutic treatment for a variety of cognitive impairments including those found in Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We have found that ...
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Journal ArticleCNS Spectr · February 2000
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Combination pharmacotherapy has proven effective in a number of psychiatric disorders, including depression and schizophrenia. However, compared with other affective disorders, few studies have explored the use of combination therapy in alcoholism, and the ...
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Journal ArticleNeurotoxicol Teratol · 2000
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The estuarine dinoflagellate Pfiesteria piscicida is known to kill fish and has been associated with neurocognitive deficits in humans. We have developed a rat model to demonstrate that exposure to Pfiesteria causes significant learning impairments. This h ...
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Journal ArticleAlcohol Alcohol · January 2000
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It is common to treat some diseases with more than one medication simultaneously. Since more than one neurotransmitter system is involved in alcohol-seeking behaviour, then a therapeutic approach that targets more than one system should be more effective i ...
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Journal ArticleAlcohol Clin Exp Res · November 1999
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BACKGROUND: This study was planned to determine the feasibility of using a slow release naloxone preparation to treat alcoholism, because compliance with medication is a significant problem in alcoholics. METHODS: Experiments were performed in alcohol-pref ...
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Journal ArticleAlcohol Clin Exp Res · June 1999
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BACKGROUND: Relapse after abstinence can be modelled in rats using an alcohol deprivation effect (ADE) of enhanced ethanol consumption after a period of enforced abstinence from ethanol; however, not all rat strains display such an effect. We wanted to exa ...
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Journal ArticlePsychopharmacology (Berl) · February 1999
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Epidemiological studies indicate a high incidence of cigarette smoking among depressed individuals. Moreover, individuals with a history of depression have a much harder time giving up smoking. It has been postulated that smoking may reflect an attempt at ...
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Journal ArticleAlcohol Alcohol · 1999
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A recent study conducted a factor analysis on 18 behavioural measures obtained from four alcohol-preferring and five alcohol-non-preferring rat lines/strains. It was concluded that variables such as saccharin intake, ultrasonic vocalizations following an a ...
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Journal ArticleAlcohol Alcohol · 1999
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Extract of the common plant Hypericum perforatum L. (St John's Wort, SJW) has been used successfully for the treatment of mild to moderate depression since ancient times and has recently been studied clinically. Depression and alcoholism have some neuroche ...
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Journal ArticleBrain Res · June 15, 1998
Preprodynorphin and preproenkephalin mRNA expression was examined in the CNS of two rat strains, the alcohol-preferring Fawn-Hooded (FH) and the alcohol-non-preferring Wistar-Kyoto (WKY), using in situ hybridisation histochemistry. Relative to the WKY, the ...
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Journal ArticleNeurochem Int · February 1998
The present study has employed quantitative receptor autoradiography and in situ hybridisation histochemistry to compare the expression of the mRNA encoding the alpha 1 and alpha 2 subunits of the GABAA receptor and the binding density of mature GABAA rece ...
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Journal ArticleNeurosci Lett · December 5, 1997
The present study has employed in vitro autoradiography to study the distribution and density of [3H]zolpidem binding sites, which are regarded as an index of ethanol-sensitive gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)A receptors, in the brains of alcohol-preferring ...
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Journal ArticleAlcohol Clin Exp Res · December 1997
Pharmacological experiments were conducted to determine the neuronal mechanisms involved in the suppressive effects of the thyrotropin-releasing hormone analog TA-0910 on alcohol intake in alcohol-preferring (P) rats. We previously reported that single int ...
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Journal ArticleAlcohol Clin Exp Res · November 1997
The present studies sought to elucidate the role of 5-HT2A receptor antagonists in suppressing alcohol intake by comparing the effects of amperozide and FG 5974 on alcohol, food, and water intake in strains of alcohol-preferring rats: P, Alko Alcohol (AA), ...
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Journal ArticlePharmacol Biochem Behav · October 1997
We previously reported that single administration of ibogaine, an indol alkaloid with antiaddictive properties, dose dependently reduced alcohol intake in three strains of alcohol-preferring rats. The present study examined the effect of different doses of ...
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Journal ArticleAlcohol Clin Exp Res · October 1997
To further understand the relationship between emotional state and alcohol intake in rats, the tendency to emit ultrasonic vocalizations in response to an aversive, but nonpainful, air puff stimulus was tested in several rat lines. Included in this group w ...
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Journal ArticlePharmacol Biochem Behav · September 1997
Previous work has established that saccharin and alcohol intakes are highly correlated in a variety of rat strains. In addition, it has been shown that alcohol-preferring rats consume saccharin beyond the limit of their normal daily fluid intake (DFI). It ...
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Journal ArticleAlcohol Clin Exp Res · August 1997
Thirteen behavioral variables from six tasks were measured in alcohol-preferring (AA, FH, and P) and -nonpreferring (ANA, FRL, and NP) rat lines/strains and subjected to Factor Analysis. Four Independent factors accounted for > 90% of the variance. Defecat ...
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Journal ArticleAlcohol Clin Exp Res · April 1997
In previous studies, we found that single injections of the thyrotropin-releasing hormone analog TA-0910 dose-dependently reduced alcohol intake and preference in alcohol-preferring (P) and Fawn-Hooded (FH) rats over a 24-hr period of continuous access to ...
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Journal ArticlePsychopharmacology (Berl) · December 1996
The Fawn-Hooded rat (FH) strain has attracted the attention of some psychopharmacologists because of reports of its exaggerated immobility in the swim test, hypercortisolemia, excessive voluntary intake of alcohol, platelet and central serotonin abnormalit ...
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Journal ArticleAlcohol Clin Exp Res · September 1996
We previously reported that single intraperitoneal injections of the thyrotropin-releasing hormone analog TA-0910 dose-dependently reduce alcohol intake in alcohol-preferring (P) rats in a free-choice continuous access protocol. We later showed, using the ...
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Journal ArticleAlcohol Clin Exp Res · April 1996
The Chinese herbal medicine, NPI-028, has been used for centuries in China to counteract alcohol intoxication. The present study used a number of different experimental conditions to determine whether NPI-028 and its derivatives might selectively influence ...
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Journal ArticlePhysiol Behav · February 1996
L-type calcium (Ca2+) channel inhibitors suppress drinking of highly preferred solutions of simple carbohydrates, saccharin, or alcohol. The present study was designed to examine whether this decrease in drinking behavior can be explained by the developmen ...
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Journal ArticlePsychiatr Genet · 1996
It was previously reported that selection for differences in the hypothermic effects to the selective 5-HT-1A agonist, 8-OH-DPAT, occurred rapidly, with very substantial differences present by the fourth generation. The present communication summarizes the ...
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Journal ArticlePhysiol Behav · 1996
The experiments were designed to study the association between consumption of palatable 0.1% (w/v) saccharin solution, voluntary drinking of 10% (v/v) ethanol solution, and pain sensitivity measured with the hot plate test. Rat lines that were genetically ...
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Journal ArticlePharmacol Biochem Behav · November 1995
Alcohol-preferring (P), Fawn-Hooded (FH) and alcohol-accepting (AA) rats were injected intraperitoneally (IP) or subcutaneously (SC) with different doses (10, 30, and 60 mg/kg) of Ibogaine or vehicle. In a separate experiment, FH rats were administered int ...
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Journal ArticlePsychopharmacology (Berl) · September 1995
Flinders Sensitive Line (FSL) rats have been proposed as an animal model of depression because they resemble depressed humans in that they have elevated REM sleep, reduced activity, and increased immobility and anhedonia after exposure to stressors. The pr ...
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Journal ArticlePharmacol Biochem Behav · September 1995
In a situation offering a free choice between 0.1% saccharin solution and tap water, Fawn Hooded (FH) rats consumed 363.0 +/- 33.5 ml/kg/day of saccharin solution. Subsequently those animals drank 3.0 +/- 0.4 g/kg of ethanol in a free choice between water ...
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Journal ArticlePhysiol Behav · April 1995
This study examined the relationship between saccharin intake and ethanol consumption in alcohol preferring (P) rats and Fawn Hooded (FH) rats before and after exposure to forced ethanol (10%, v/v) solution. Both groups exhibited large increases (> 2X) in ...
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Journal ArticlePharmacol Biochem Behav · February 1995
The effect of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) on voluntary alcohol consumption was examined in two different strains of alcohol-preferring rats, in a continuous-access, two-bottle-choice paradigm. Compared with ...
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Journal ArticlePhysiol Behav · January 1995
Complement proteins and fragments participate in the induction and modulation of specific and nonspecific immune reactions. We have examined the effect of 4 weeks of chronic mild stress (CMS) on complement sheep red blood cell hemolytic activity measured i ...
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Journal ArticleAlcohol Clin Exp Res · October 1994
In a previous study, we showed that a single injection of the thyrotropin-releasing hormone analog TA-0910 dose-dependently reduced alcohol intake in alcohol-preferring (P) rats and increased their water intake over a 24-hr period. In the present study, th ...
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Journal ArticleAlcohol Clin Exp Res · August 1994
Several lines of research have suggested a link between the reward value of a drug and its ability to stimulate locomotion. One goal of the present study was to determine whether ethanol preferentially stimulates locomotor activity in lines of rat that sho ...
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Journal ArticleBehav Pharmacol · August 1994
Ca(2+) channel inhibitors suppress ethanol intake in various strains of alcohol-preferring rats. To test whether that inhibitory effect involves interference with the caloric consequences of preferred fluids, we compared the effects of two dihydropyridines ...
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Journal ArticlePharmacol Biochem Behav · July 1994
The hypercholinergic Flinders Sensitive Line (FSL) rat was significantly more sensitive than the Flinders Resistant Line (FRL) rat to the biotelemetrically recorded hypothermic effects of oxotremorine, a direct-acting muscarinic agonist, and diisopropyl fl ...
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Journal ArticlePharmacol Biochem Behav · May 1994
The high preference for alcohol intake observed in Fawn-Hooded rats has been attributed to the central serotonin (5-HT) dysfunction in this strain. To further characterize the involvement of 5-HT in alcohol-seeking behavior in Fawn-Hooded rats, the effect ...
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Journal ArticleAlcohol Alcohol Suppl · 1994
The involvement of serotonergic mechanisms in the neuropharmacology of alcohol was appreciated before it was recognized that there were multiple subtypes of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) receptors. Thus, it was known that manipulations of the centr ...
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Journal ArticlePsychiatr Genet · 1994
National Institutes of Health (NIH) heterogeneous stock (HS) rats were obtained and genetically selected for either larger (HI line) or smaller (LO line) hypothermic responses to the selective serotonin-1A (5-HT1A) agonist 8-hydroxy-2-(di-N-propylamino)tet ...
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Journal ArticlePsychiatr Genet · 1994
The Flinders Sensitive Line (FSL) rat, a genetic animal model of depression, was cross-bred with its normal control, the Flinders Resistant Line (FRL) rat, in order to investigate the relationship between cholinergic sensitivity, the selected variable, and ...
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Journal ArticlePhysiol Behav · December 1993
The effects of acute and chronic stressors on saccharin intake and preference in the hypercholinergic Flinders Sensitive Line (FSL) rat, a putative genetic animal model of depression, were studied and compared to the control Flinders Resistant Line (FRL) r ...
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Journal ArticlePharmacol Biochem Behav · October 1993
Neuronal Ca2+ channels have been shown to be involved in both alcohol drinking behavior in rats and nonhuman primates and in the manifestation of alcohol withdrawal symptoms in rodents. Experiments were performed to determine the effect of a single injecti ...
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Journal ArticleEur J Pharmacol · August 10, 1993
The effect of pretreatment with (+/-)-verapamil (5, 10 or 15 mg/kg, i.p.) on place preference induced with d-amphetamine (1 mg/kg, i.p. 40 min after verapamil) was studied in male rats. Place preference conditioning was performed using two-compartment shut ...
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Journal ArticleAlcohol Clin Exp Res · April 1993
Saccharin and ethanol intakes were measured in seven strains of rats known to differ in their preferences for ethanol: The Fawn-Hooded (FH), alcohol-preferring (P) and Maudsley Reactive rats have been reported to drink ethanol voluntarily, whereas the alco ...
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Journal ArticlePharmacol Biochem Behav · September 1992
Alcohol preference and manifestation of alcoholism are thought by many to be associated with serotonin (5-HT) dysfunction in the brain. Thus, experiments were performed to determine the effect of acute and subchronic administration of (+/-) 3,4-methylenedi ...
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Journal ArticlePhysiol Behav · July 1992
The behavior of Maudsley reactive and nonreactive rats, along with that of Wistar controls, was studied using three behavioral tasks which have been associated with emotionality. Consistent with the hypothesis that they are more emotional, the Maudsley rea ...
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Journal ArticleBiol Psychiatry · May 1, 1992
The present article summarizes some comparative studies of the Fawn-Hooded (FH) rat, a potential animal model of ethanol preference, and the Flinders Sensitive Line (FSL) rat, a potential animal model of depression. Both FH and FSL rats exhibit high degree ...
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Journal ArticleAlcohol Clin Exp Res · April 1992
Experiments were performed to characterize the acute effect of different doses of a novel thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) analogue (TA-0910) on ethanol intake in rats. Selectively bred alcohol-preferring (P) rats received a single intraperitoneal injec ...
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Journal ArticleAlcohol Alcohol · January 1992
Depression and alcoholism are associated with impaired immune responses. Complement proteins and fragments participate in the induction and modulation of both specific and non-specific immune reactions. This study examined the effect of prolonged ethanol i ...
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Journal ArticlePsychopharmacology (Berl) · 1992
The effect of the novel 1,4-dihydronaphthyridine Ca2+ channel inhibitor Goe 5438 (CI-951) on voluntary ethanol consumption was examined in selectively bred alcohol-preferring (P) rats in a free choice two bottle preference test versus water. Intraperitonea ...
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Journal ArticleJ Pharm Pharmacol · June 1991
The Flinders Sensitive Line of rats (FSL) has been selectively bred to have increased sensitivity to cholinergic drugs. Typically, these rats react with twice as great a hypothermic effect to muscarinic agonists such as oxotremorine, as do similarly bred F ...
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Journal ArticleBrain Res Bull · April 1991
The Flinders Sensitive Line (FSL) of rats has been selectively bred to have increased sensitivity to cholinergic agonists. However, these rats exhibit altered responsiveness to a number of noncholinergic agents, such as apomorphine, buspirone and ethanol. ...
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Journal ArticleNeuropsychopharmacology · February 1991
Rats from the Flinders Sensitive Line (FSL) and Flinders Resistant Line (FRL), which have been bred for differences in sensitivity to cholinergic agonists, were killed by decapitation under quiet, nonstressful conditions and the concentrations of corticotr ...
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Journal ArticleAlcohol Alcohol Suppl · 1991
The ethanol intake of Fawn-Hooded rats, a serotonin deficient strain, was examined under a two bottle choice between ethanol (10%) and tap water. The Fawn-Hooded rats drank as much ethanol as the alcohol preferring strain of rats (approximately 6 times tha ...
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Journal ArticleAlcohol Alcohol · 1991
Experiments were performed to determine the effect of the calcium-channel blockers verapamil and diltiazem on ethanol preference in monkeys. Two days of administration of 10 mg/kg verapamil but not diltiazem or saline significantly decreased ethanol intake ...
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Journal ArticleEur J Pharmacol · October 23, 1990
Male hypercholinergic FSL (Flinders Sensitive Line) and control FRL (Flinders Resistant Line) rats were placed on a water deprivation schedule and tested for dominance behavior with FSL/FRL pairs competing for water. FSL rats spent significantly less time ...
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Journal ArticlePsychiatry Res · August 1990
The Flinders Sensitive Line (FSL) was derived from the Sprague-Dawley rat by selectively breeding those animals exhibiting a high level of sensitivity to an anticholinesterase. The Flinders Resistant Line (FRL) was simultaneously developed as a control lin ...
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Journal ArticlePhysiol Behav · April 1990
It was found that the Flinders Sensitive Line (FSL) of rat, selectively bred for increased cholinergic function, performed poorly in a tone-cued two-way active avoidance task in comparison with the control Flinders Restraint Line (FRL) of rat. These findin ...
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Journal ArticleJ Pharmacol Exp Ther · February 1990
We compared the dopamine (DA) releasing effects of neurotensin (NT) from cell bodies (substantia nigra) and nerve terminals (nucleus caudate). In rats implanted with push-pull cannula, NT induced DA release from substantia nigra and nucleus caudate. NT was ...
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Journal ArticleEur J Pharmacol · January 25, 1990
The ability of MK-801, an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-channel antagonist, to suppress alcohol withdrawal seizures generated audio-genically was studied in adult male rats using a cross-over experimental design. MK-801 treatment reduced overall seizure scor ...
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Journal ArticleAlcohol Alcohol · 1990
Flinders Sensitive and Resistant Lines of rats, which are differentially sensitive to the hypothermic effects of both muscarinic agonists and ethanol, were exposed to full spectrum artificial bright light for eight days, because exposure to bright light ha ...
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Journal ArticleAlcohol Alcohol · 1990
Selectively bred alcohol-preferring (P) and alcohol non-preferring (NP) lines of rats were administered saline subcutaneously, and doses of 0.5 and 2.0 mg/kg of two antimuscarinic agents scopolamine (centrally acting) and methscopolamine (peripherally acti ...
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Journal ArticleNeuropsychobiology · 1990
Affective aggression was studied in pairs of Flinders Sensitive Line hypercholinergic rats (FSL) and Flinders Resistant Line (FRL) rats in shock-induced and apomorphine-induced fighting tests. FSL rats were significantly more aggressive in both tests. They ...
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Journal ArticleAlcohol Alcohol · 1990
Experiments were performed to determine the ability of verapamil to reverse ethanol-induced hypothermia and behavioral changes. Permanent cannulae for intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) infusion were implanted bilaterally in rats following standard stereotax ...
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Journal ArticleAlcohol Alcohol · 1990
The behavioral and hypothermic effects of ethanol were studied in the Flinders Sensitive Line (FSL) and Flinders Resistant Line (FRL) rats, selectively bred for differences in cholinergic sensitivity. The FSL hypercholinergic rats exhibited a significantly ...
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Journal ArticleProg Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry · 1990
1. Calcium channel blockers have been proposed, in addition to inhibiting the influx of Ca++ into the cells, to possess a wide variety of pharmacological effects, including interference with certain neurotransmitters involved in mood, mental disorders and ...
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Journal ArticleJ Surg Res · November 1989
Acute ethanol (EtOH) intoxication is commonly associated with many medical and surgical problems which primarily or secondarily involve infection. Chronic EtOH ingestion has been associated with immune dysfunction and an increased risk of infection; howeve ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of Liquid Chromatography · June 1, 1989
In order to investigate the kinetics of calcium ion (Ca++) activity within the hypothalamus by high performance liquid chromatography, standard push-pull guide cannulae were implanted stereotaxically above the hypothalamus of the cat. Following ...
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Journal ArticleAlcohol Alcohol · 1989
There is an overlap between alcoholism and depressive disorders. However, alcoholics tend to be resistant to the effect of cholinergic agonists, whereas depressives tend to be more sensitive. A recently developed animal model of depression which is more se ...
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Journal ArticleToxicology · December 30, 1988
The purpose of this paper is to provide a concise review of the effects of acute chemical toxicity on thermoregulation in mammals, with particular emphasis on the effects of xenobiotic compounds in laboratory rodents. It has been shown that acute administr ...
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Journal ArticleAlcohol Alcohol · 1988
To assess if ethyl alcohol (ethanol) causes a reduction in the set-point for control of body temperature, behavioral thermoregulatory responses in the Fischer rat were measured following a single oral administration of ethanol. In a preliminary study, five ...
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Journal ArticleBrain Res Bull · August 1987
The localized effect of noradrenergic agonists administered directly in the anterior hypothalamic preoptic area (AH/POA) in inducing emesis in the cat was investigated. Of the noradrenergic agonists tested, which included norepinephrine, clonidine, phenyle ...
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Journal ArticlePharmacol Biochem Behav · February 1987
The purpose of this study was to characterize the alpha 1- and alpha 2-noradrenergic receptor sub-types which could mediate the hypothermic response produced by norepinephrine (NE) and other alpha-noradrenergic agonists applied to the thermosensitive zone ...
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Journal ArticleAm J Physiol · January 1987
The central injection of neurotensin (NT) has been reported to attenuate the intake of food in the fasted animal. To determine whether endogenous norepinephrine (NE) is involved in the satiating effect of NT, the in vivo activity of NE in circumscribed sit ...
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Journal ArticleNeurochem Res · December 1986
To investigate the characteristics of the uptake within hypothalamic tissue of the Ca2+-channel blocker, verapamil, push-pull canulae were implanted bilaterally above the anterior hypothalamic-preoptic area (AH/POA) and posterior hypothalamus (PH) of the c ...
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Journal ArticleBrain Res Bull · September 1986
The anterior hypothalamic preoptic area (AH/POA) was examined as a possible site of action of clonidine and other alpha noradrenergic receptor agonists which evoke motor and autonomic changes. Chronically indwelling guide cannulae were implanted stereotaxi ...
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Journal ArticleBrain Res Bull · August 1986
Guide cannulae for microinjection and push-pull perfusion in the unrestrained cat were implanted bilaterally in the anterior hypothalamic, preoptic area (AH/POA) and posterior hypothalamus (PH). Postoperatively, the region was first identified in AH/POA wh ...
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Journal ArticleAlcohol · 1986
Two series of experiments were performed to determine the possible involvement of Ca++ channels in the thermolytic action of ethanol administered at a room temperature of 22 degrees C. In one group of 11 adult female Sprague-Dawley rats, stainless steel gu ...
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Journal ArticleBrain Res Bull · January 1986
Permanent cannulae for intracerebroventricular (ICV) infusion were implanted bilaterally in cats following stereotaxic procedures. After colonic temperature was recorded for a one-hour baseline, a 300 microliter ICV infusion was given of CSF control vehicl ...
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Journal ArticleNeurosci Lett · June 24, 1985
Guide cannulae for push-pull perfusion were bilaterally implanted stereotaxically within the anterior hypothalamic, preoptic area (AH/POA) and posterior hypothalamus (PH) of the cat. Catecholamine-reactive sites were identified within AH/POA in which a mic ...
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Journal ArticleJ Neurosci Methods · January 1985
A new concept in the design of a push-pull cannula device for localized perfusion of brain tissue in the conscious and/or unrestrained animal is described. A catheter, consisting of a single strand of polyethylene tubing, contains an internal dividing sept ...
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Journal ArticleBrain Res · February 6, 1984
Male New Zealand White rabbits, Oryctolagus cuniculus, were stereotaxically implanted with a guide tube above the preoptic/anterior hypothalamus (PO/AH) for the injection of beta-endorphin (beta-E) or saline at ambient temperatures of 20 and 25 degrees C. ...
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Journal ArticleNeurosci Biobehav Rev · 1984
There is evidence of release of the opioid peptide beta-endorphin (beta-E) in the hypothalamus during development of fever and stress-induced hyperthermia. In the unanesthetized rabbit, microinjection of beta-E in the preoptic/anterior hypothalamus (POAH) ...
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Journal ArticleAm J Physiol · July 1982
Male New Zealand White rabbits, Oryctolagus cuniculus, were stereotaxically implanted with a guide tube above the preoptic/anterior hypothalamus area (PO/AH) for the injection of the opioid peptide, beta-endorphin (beta-E), naloxone, sodium salicylate, or ...
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Journal ArticleAmerican Journal of Physiology - Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology · January 1, 1982
Male New Zealand White rabbits, Oryctolagus cuniculus, were stereotaxically implanted with a guide tube above the preoptic/anterior hypothalamus area (PO/AH) for the injection of the opioid peptide, β-endorphin (β-E), naloxone, sodium salicylate, or physio ...
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Journal ArticleJ Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol · November 1981
A thermocouple reentrant tube was stereotaxically implanted in the rostral brain stem of the golden hamster, Mesocricetus auratus. Brain temperature was continuously recorded while the hamster was permitted volitional running on an activity wheel. There wa ...
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