Scholars@Duke
Jean Kwun

Jean Kwun

Associate Professor in Surgery
Surgery, Abdominal Transplant Surgery
jean.kwun@duke.edu
362 Jones Building, 207 Research Dr, Durham, NC 27710

Selected Publications

A Novel IgG- and IgM-Cleaving Endopeptidase, IceMG, for Antibody-Mediated Rejection.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · October 22, 2025 Antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) remains a significant barrier to successful outcomes in both allo- and xenotransplantation. In this study, we investigate the efficacy of a novel recombinant endopeptidase, IceMG, which simultaneously cleaves IgG and IgM i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Acoustofluidic system for targeted antibody removal in transplantation: Enabling small-volume therapeutic apheresis.

Journal Article Sci Adv · September 5, 2025 Antibody-mediated rejection is a leading cause of allograft failure and mortality in pediatric solid organ transplant recipients. Current apheresis systems require large blood volumes and are primarily designed for adults, making them unsuitable for childr ... Full text Link to item Cite

A single dose of a CD137 antibody-drug conjugate protects rhesus macaque allogeneic HCT recipients against acute GVHD.

Journal Article Blood · August 28, 2025 Rapid CD137 upregulation on alloreactive T cells upon allogeneic stimulation suggests that their selective elimination could prevent acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT). Here, we developed ... Full text Link to item Cite

CD154 blockade effectively controls antibody-mediated rejection in highly sensitized nonhuman primate kidney transplant recipients.

Journal Article Sci Transl Med · January 2025 Current desensitization and maintenance immunosuppression regimens for kidney transplantation in sensitized individuals show limited ability to control the posttransplant humoral response, resulting in high rates of antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) and g ... Full text Link to item Cite

An IgM Cleaving Enzyme for Clearance of Anti-Pig Xenoreactive Antibodies in a Nonhuman Primate Model.

Journal Article Xenotransplantation · 2025 BACKGROUND: The removal of preformed antibodies with cleaving enzyme like IdeS (Imlifidase) has demonstrated therapeutic potential in organ transplantation for sensitized recipients. However, preformed xenoreactive antibodies (XAbs) against porcine glycans ... Full text Link to item Cite

An IgM Cleaving Enzyme for Clearance of Anti-Pig Xenoreactive Antibodies in a Nonhuman Primate Model.

Journal Article Xenotransplantation · 2025 BACKGROUND: The removal of preformed antibodies with cleaving enzymes like IdeS (imlifidase) has demonstrated therapeutic potential in organ transplantation for sensitized recipients. However, preformed xenoreactive antibodies (XAbs) against porcine glycan ... Full text Link to item Cite

Detection of Anti-Non-α-Gal Xenoreactive Antibodies in Human Blood Products.

Journal Article Xenotransplantation · 2025 BACKGROUND: Surgical bleeding is a risk in any solid organ transplant, and is commonly addressed with the transfusion of human blood products to replace or supplement coagulation factors. It is unknown if these blood products would harm xenotransplanted pi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cryopreserved Skin Transplantation in a Nonhuman Primate Model.

Journal Article Transplant Proc · 2025 BACKGROUND: Skin transplantation is often used in nonhuman primate (NHP) transplant research for sensitization and to assess tolerance. However, the availability of donor animals for skin can be constrained after organ donation. In this study, we evaluated ... Full text Link to item Cite

Acoustofluidic-based therapeutic apheresis system.

Journal Article Nat Commun · August 10, 2024 Therapeutic apheresis aims to selectively remove pathogenic substances, such as antibodies that trigger various symptoms and diseases. Unfortunately, current apheresis devices cannot handle small blood volumes in infants or small animals, hindering the tes ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Allosensitisation in NHP results in cross-reactive anti-SLA antibodies not detected by a lymphocyte-based flow cytometry crossmatch.

Journal Article HLA · July 2024 Xenotransplantation is a potential option for individuals for whom an acceptable human allograft is unavailable. Individuals with broadly reactive HLA antibodies due to prior exposure to foreign HLA are potential candidates for a clinical xenotransplant tr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comprehensive Flow Cytometric, Immunohistologic, and Molecular Assessment of Thymus Function in Rhesus Macaques.

Journal Article Immunohorizons · July 1, 2024 The critical importance of the thymus for generating new naive T cells that protect against novel infections and are tolerant to self-antigens has led to a recent revival of interest in monitoring thymic function in species other than humans and mice. Nonh ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prolonged xenokidney graft survival in sensitized NHP recipients by expression of multiple human transgenes in a triple knockout pig.

Journal Article Sci Transl Med · June 12, 2024 Genetic modification of porcine donors, combined with optimized immunosuppression, has been shown to improve outcomes of experimental xenotransplant. However, little is known about outcomes in sensitized recipients, a population that could potentially bene ... Full text Link to item Cite

A pig kidney supporting human physiology.

Journal Article Kidney Int · May 2024 Because of the global shortage of donor kidneys, xenotransplantation emerges as a potential solution for individuals with kidney failure who face challenges in securing a suitable donor kidney. A study featured in this month's issue of Kidney International ... Full text Link to item Cite

AXL inhibition suppresses early allograft monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation and prolongs allograft survival.

Conference JCI Insight · March 8, 2024 Innate immune cells are important in the initiation and potentiation of alloimmunity in transplantation. Immediately upon organ anastomosis and reperfusion, recipient monocytes enter the graft from circulation and differentiate to inflammatory macrophages ... Full text Link to item Cite

The impact of IdeS (imlifidase) on allo-specific, xeno-reactive, and protective antibodies in a sensitized rhesus macaque model.

Journal Article Xenotransplantation · 2024 BACKGROUND: Highly sensitized patients face many barriers to kidney transplantation, including higher rates of antibody-mediated rejection after HLA-incompatible transplant. IdeS, an endopeptidase that cleaves IgG nonspecifically, has been trialed as desen ... Full text Link to item Cite

An acoustofluidic device for the automated separation of platelet-reduced plasma from whole blood.

Journal Article Microsyst Nanoeng · 2024 Separating plasma from whole blood is an important sample processing technique required for fundamental biomedical research, medical diagnostics, and therapeutic applications. Traditional protocols for plasma isolation require multiple centrifugation steps ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Is Allosensitization Detrimental to Pig Organ Xenotransplantation, and Is Xenosensitization Detrimental to Subsequent Organ Allotransplantation? A Debate Organized by the International Xenotransplantation Association (IXA).

Journal Article Xenotransplantation · 2024 This report summarizes the content of a debate sponsored by eGenesis Bio, organized by the International Xenotransplantation Association (IXA), and attended by more than 150 delegates in the context of the IPITA-IXA-CTRMS Joint Congress held in San Diego i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Immunoproteasome inhibition reduces donor specific antibody production and cardiac allograft vasculopathy in a mouse heart transplantation model.

Journal Article Front Transplant · 2024 OBJECTIVE: Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy (CAV), a process of vascular damage accelerated by antibody-mediated rejection (AMR), is one of the leading causes of cardiac transplant failure. Proteasome inhibitors (PIs) are utilized to treat AMR, however PI-as ... Full text Link to item Cite

Design and testing of a humanized porcine donor for xenotransplantation.

Journal Article Nature · October 2023 Recent human decedent model studies1,2 and compassionate xenograft use3 have explored the promise of porcine organs for human transplantation. To proceed to human studies, a clinically ready porcine donor must be engineered and its xenograft successfully t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Desensitization and belatacept-based maintenance therapy in pregnancy-sensitized monkeys receiving a kidney transplant.

Journal Article Sci Adv · May 19, 2023 Among sensitized patients awaiting a transplant, females are disproportionately represented, partly because of pregnancy-induced sensitization. Using female NHPs sensitized by pregnancy alone, we examined the efficacy of costimulation blockade and proteaso ... Full text Link to item Cite

Daratumumab Use Prior to Kidney Transplant and T Cell-Mediated Rejection: A Case Report.

Journal Article Am J Kidney Dis · May 2023 There is growing interest in daratumumab in the solid organ transplant realm owing to the potential immunomodulatory effects on CD38-expressing cells, primarily plasma cells, as they have a key role in antibody production. In particular there is interest i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Novel Acoustofluidic Apheresis Device for Antibody Removal in a Rodent Model

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION · 2023 Cite

Belatacept and carfilzomib-based treatment for antibody-mediated rejection in a sensitized nonhuman primate kidney transplantation model.

Journal Article Front Transplant · 2023 INTRODUCTION: One-third of HLA-incompatible kidney transplant recipients experience antibody mediated rejection (AMR) with limited treatment options. This study describes a novel treatment strategy for AMR consisting of proteasome inhibition and costimulat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Translation of therapeutic strategies to modulate B cell reponses from non-human primate models to human kidney transplantation.

Journal Article Front Transplant · 2023 Using novel drugs targeting lymphocyte costimulation, cytokines, antibody, complement, and plasma cells, we have developed strategies in a non-human primate model to modulate the B cell response to incompatible kidney transplants. After more than two decad ... Full text Link to item Cite

Belatacept-Based Maintenance Immunosuppression Controls the Post-Transplant Humoral Immune Response in Highly Sensitized Nonhuman Primates.

Journal Article Kidney360 · December 29, 2022 Preexisting donor-specific antibodies (DSA) to MHC antigens increase the risk of antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) in sensitized transplant recipients and reduces graft survival. Pretransplant desensitization with costimulation blockade and proteasome inhi ... Full text Link to item Cite

A novel method for in vitro culture and expansion of nonhuman primate B cells.

Journal Article J Immunol Methods · December 2022 BACKGROUND: Given the role of B cells in sensitization and antibody-mediated rejection pathogenesis, the ability to identify, isolate, and study B cells in vitro is critical for understanding these processes and developing novel therapeutics. While in vivo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Addition of interleukin-6 receptor blockade to carfilzomib-based desensitization in a highly sensitized nonhuman primate model.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · December 2022 Sensitized patients, those who had prior exposure to foreign human leukocyte antigens, are transplanted at lower rates due to challenges in finding suitable organs. Desensitization strategies have permitted highly sensitized patients to undergo kidney tran ... Full text Link to item Cite

Blocking CCL8-CCR8-Mediated Early Allograft Inflammation Improves Kidney Transplant Function.

Journal Article J Am Soc Nephrol · October 2022 BACKGROUND: In kidney transplantation, early allograft inflammation impairs long-term allograft function. However, precise mediators of early kidney allograft inflammation are unclear, making it challenging to design therapeutic interventions. METHODS: We ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Introducing thymus for promoting transplantation tolerance.

Journal Article J Allergy Clin Immunol · September 2022 Establishing tolerance remains a central, if elusive, goal of transplantation. In solid-organ transplantation, one strategy for inducing tolerance has been cotransplantation of various forms of thymic tissue along with another organ. As one of the biologic ... Full text Link to item Cite

Harnessing the B Cell Response in Kidney Transplantation - Current State and Future Directions.

Journal Article Front Immunol · 2022 Despite dramatic improvement in kidney transplantation outcomes over the last decades due to advent of modern immunosuppressive agents, long-term outcomes remain poor. Antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR), a B cell driven process, accounts for the majority o ... Full text Link to item Cite

Complement-targeted therapies in kidney transplantation-insights from preclinical studies.

Journal Article Front Immunol · 2022 Aberrant activation of the complement system contributes to solid-organ graft dysfunction and failure. In kidney transplantation, the complement system is implicated in the pathogenesis of antibody- and cell-mediated rejection, ischemia-reperfusion injury, ... Full text Link to item Cite

A cell-based multiplex immunoassay platform using fluorescent protein-barcoded reporter cell lines.

Journal Article Commun Biol · November 25, 2021 Multiplex immunoassays with acellular antigens are well-established based on solid-phase platforms such as the Luminex® technology. Cell barcoding by amine-reactive fluorescent dyes enables analogous cell-based multiplex assays, but requires multiple label ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

C3 complement inhibition prevents antibody-mediated rejection and prolongs renal allograft survival in sensitized non-human primates.

Journal Article Nat Commun · September 15, 2021 Sensitized kidney transplant recipients experience high rates of antibody-mediated rejection due to the presence of donor-specific antibodies and immunologic memory. Here we show that transient peri-transplant treatment with the central complement componen ... Full text Link to item Cite

Optical coherence tomography of small intestine allograft biopsies using a handheld surgical probe.

Journal Article J Biomed Opt · September 2021 SIGNIFICANCE: The current gold standard for monitoring small intestinal transplant (IT) rejection is endoscopic visual assessment and biopsy of suspicious lesions; however, these lesions are only superficially visualized by endoscopy. Invasive biopsies pro ... Full text Link to item Cite

Optimal Immunosuppression Strategy in the Sensitized Kidney Transplant Recipient.

Journal Article J Clin Med · August 18, 2021 Patients with previous sensitization events against anti-human leukocyte antigens (HLA) often have circulating anti-HLA antibodies. Following organ transplantation, sensitized patients have higher rates of antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) compared to thos ... Full text Link to item Cite

A Novel Cell-Based Multiplex Immunoassay Platform

Journal Article · May 21, 2021 AbstractWe describe generation of stable, fluorescence-barcoded cell lines suitable for multiplex screening of antibody to membrane proteins. The utility of this cell-based system, capable of a 256-plex cell panel, is demonstrate ... Full text Cite

Preoperative carfilzomib and lulizumab based desensitization prolongs graft survival in a sensitized non-human primate model.

Journal Article Kidney Int · January 2021 Sensitized patients are difficult to transplant due to pre-formed anti-donor immunity. We have previously reported successful desensitization using carfilzomib and belatacept in a non-human primate (NHP) model. Here we evaluated selective blockade of the c ... Full text Link to item Cite

Measuring the Impact of Targeting FcRn-Mediated IgG Recycling on Donor-Specific Alloantibodies in a Sensitized NHP Model.

Journal Article Front Immunol · 2021 BACKGROUND: In transplantation, plasmapheresis and IVIg provide the mainstay of treatment directed at reducing or removing circulating donor-specific antibody (DSA), yet both have limitations. We sought to test the efficacy of targeting the IgG recycling m ... Full text Link to item Cite

Emerging New Approaches in Desensitization: Targeted Therapies for HLA Sensitization.

Journal Article Front Immunol · 2021 There is an urgent need for therapeutic interventions for desensitization and antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) in sensitized patients with preformed or de novo donor-specific HLA antibodies (DSA). The risk of AMR and allograft loss in sensitized patients ... Full text Link to item Cite

Allo-Specific Humoral Responses: New Methods for Screening Donor-Specific Antibody and Characterization of HLA-Specific Memory B Cells.

Journal Article Front Immunol · 2021 Antibody-mediated allograft rejection (AMR) causes more kidney transplant failure than any other single cause. AMR is mediated by antibodies recognizing antigens expressed by the graft, and antibodies generated against major histocompatibility complex (MHC ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Impact of Allosensitization on Xenotransplantation

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION · 2021 Cite

Single cell transcriptomics of mouse kidney transplants reveals a myeloid cell pathway for transplant rejection.

Journal Article JCI Insight · October 15, 2020 Myeloid cells are increasingly recognized as major players in transplant rejection. Here, we used a murine kidney transplantation model and single cell transcriptomics to dissect the contribution of myeloid cell subsets and their potential signaling pathwa ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Th17 cell inhibition in a costimulation blockade-based regimen for vascularized composite allotransplantation using a nonhuman primate model.

Journal Article Transpl Int · October 2020 Vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA) is challenged by the morbidity of immunosuppression required to prevent rejection. The use of highly specific biologics has not been well explored in VCA. Given that psoriasis is T-cell mediated, as is rejec ... Full text Link to item Cite

Donor apoptotic cell-based therapy for effective inhibition of donor-specific memory T and B cells to promote long-term allograft survival in allosensitized recipients.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · October 2020 Allosensitization constitutes a major barrier in transplantation. Preexisting donor-reactive memory T and B cells and preformed donor-specific antibodies (DSAs) have all been implicated in accelerated allograft rejection in sensitized recipients. Here, we ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Sirtuin-1 expression and activity is diminished in aged liver grafts.

Journal Article Sci Rep · July 17, 2020 The cellular mechanisms underlying impaired function of aged liver grafts have not been fully elucidated, but mitochondrial dysfunction appears to be contributory. Sirtuin1 has been identified as a key mediator of mitochondrial recovery following ischemia- ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cultured thymus tissue implantation promotes donor-specific tolerance to allogeneic heart transplants.

Journal Article JCI Insight · June 4, 2020 Eighty-six infants born without a thymus have been treated with allogeneic cultured thymus tissue implantation (CTTI). These infants, who lack T cells and are profoundly immunodeficient at birth, after CTTI from an unmatched donor develop T cells similar t ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Experimental modeling of desensitization: What have we learned about preventing AMR?

Journal Article Am J Transplant · June 2020 During the past 5 decades, short-term outcomes in kidney transplant have significantly improved, in large part due to reduced rates and severity of acute rejection. Development of better immunosuppressive maintenance agents, as well as new induction therap ... Full text Link to item Cite

Targeting Calcium Release-activated Calcium Channel Is Not Sufficient to Prevent Rejection in Nonhuman Primate Kidney Transplantation.

Journal Article Transplantation · May 2020 BACKGROUND: Calcineurin inhibitors successfully control rejection of transplanted organs but also cause nephrotoxicity. This study, using a rhesus monkey renal transplantation model, sought to determine the applicability of a new immunomodulatory drug inhi ... Full text Link to item Cite

B cells in transplant tolerance and rejection: friends or foes?

Journal Article Transpl Int · January 2020 Our understanding of the role of B cells in organ transplantation remains incomplete and continues to grow. The majority of research has focused on the detrimental role of antibodies that drive the development of pathogenesis of the transplanted organ. How ... Full text Link to item Cite

Peak DSA Levels Pre-Transplant but Not at Transplant Predict Graft Survival

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION · 2020 Cite

Targeting the CD40/CD40L Axis in Sensitized Nonhuman Primate Allotransplantation

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION · 2020 Cite

Antibody-Mediated Graft Rejection in Nonhuman Primate Models: Comparison of Sensitized Allotransplant and Xenotransplant Rejection

Chapter · January 1, 2020 Antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) is a barrier to successful long-term xenograft survival. We compared AMR in kidney xenotransplantation to sensitized kidney allotransplantation in a nonhuman primate model. With conventional CNI-based immunosuppressive mai ... Full text Cite

Pretransplant Desensitization with Costimulation Blockade and Proteasome Inhibitor Reduces DSA and Delays Antibody-Mediated Rejection in Highly Sensitized Nonhuman Primate Kidney Transplant Recipients.

Journal Article J Am Soc Nephrol · December 2019 BACKGROUND: Patients with broad HLA sensitization have poor access to donor organs, high mortality while waiting for kidney transplant, and inferior graft survival. Although desensitization strategies permit transplantation via lowering of donor-specific a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Damage- and pathogen-associated molecular patterns play differential roles in late mortality after critical illness.

Journal Article JCI Insight · August 22, 2019 Multiple organ failure (MOF) is the leading cause of late mortality and morbidity in patients who are admitted to intensive care units (ICUs). However, there is an epidemiologic discrepancy in the mechanism of underlying immunologic derangement dependent o ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

The past, present, and future of costimulation blockade in organ transplantation.

Journal Article Curr Opin Organ Transplant · August 2019 PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Manipulating costimulatory signals has been shown to alter T cell responses and prolong graft survival in solid organ transplantation. Our understanding of and ability to target various costimulation pathways continues to evolve. RECENT ... Full text Link to item Cite

Transplant research in nonhuman primates to evaluate clinically relevant immune strategies in organ transplantation.

Journal Article Transplant Rev (Orlando) · July 2019 Research in transplant immunology using non-human primate (NHP) species to evaluate immunologic strategies to prevent rejection and prolong allograft survival has yielded results that have translated successfully into human organ transplant patient managem ... Full text Link to item Cite

Daratumumab in Sensitized Kidney Transplantation: Potentials and Limitations of Experimental and Clinical Use.

Journal Article J Am Soc Nephrol · July 2019 BACKGROUND: Donor-specific antibodies are associated with increased risk of antibody-mediated rejection and decreased allograft survival. Therefore, reducing the risk of these antibodies remains a clinical need in transplantation. Plasma cells are a logica ... Full text Link to item Cite

Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns Induce Inflammatory Injury During Machine Preservation of the Liver: Potential Targets to Enhance a Promising Technology.

Journal Article Liver Transpl · April 2019 Machine preservation (MP) has emerged as a promising technology in liver transplantation, but the cellular processes occurring during MP have not been characterized. Recent studies have noted the presence of inflammatory molecules generated during MP. We h ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dual targeting: Combining costimulation blockade and bortezomib to permit kidney transplantation in sensitized recipients.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · March 2019 Previous evidence suggests that a homeostatic germinal center (GC) response may limit bortezomib desensitization therapy. We evaluated the combination of costimulation blockade with bortezomib in a sensitized non-human primate kidney transplant model. Sens ... Full text Link to item Cite

Plastic-based acoustofluidic devices for high-throughput, biocompatible platelet separation.

Journal Article Lab Chip · January 29, 2019 Platelet separation is a crucial step for both blood donation and treatment of essential thrombocytosis. Here we present an acoustofluidic device that is capable of performing high-throughput, biocompatible platelet separation using sound waves. The device ... Full text Link to item Cite

DAMP Release and Inflammasome Activation during Machine Preservation of the Liver

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION · January 1, 2019 Link to item Cite

Contemporary Strategies and Barriers to Transplantation Tolerance.

Journal Article Transplantation · August 2018 The purpose of this review is to discuss immunologic tolerance as it applies to solid organ transplantation and to identify barriers that hinder the achievement of this long-term goal. First, the definition of tolerance and an introduction of mechanisms by ... Full text Link to item Cite

Innate networking: Thrombotic microangiopathy, the activation of coagulation and complement in the sensitized kidney transplant recipient.

Journal Article Transplant Rev (Orlando) · July 2018 Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) is a histological feature of antibody-mediated rejection and has the potential to cause problematic graft dysfunction, particularly for highly sensitized cross-match positive kidney transplant recipients. Prompt recognition ... Full text Link to item Cite

Immunothrombotic Activity of Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns and Extracellular Vesicles in Secondary Organ Failure Induced by Trauma and Sterile Insults.

Journal Article Front Immunol · 2018 Despite significant improvements in injury prevention and emergency response, injury-related death and morbidity continues to increase in the US and worldwide. Patients with trauma, invasive operations, anti-cancer treatment, and organ transplantation prod ... Full text Link to item Cite

IL-21 Biased Alemtuzumab Induced Chronic Antibody-Mediated Rejection Is Reversed by LFA-1 Costimulation Blockade.

Journal Article Front Immunol · 2018 Despite its excellent efficacy in controlling T cell mediated acute rejection, lymphocyte depletion may promote a humoral response. While T cell repopulation after depletion has been evaluated in many aspects, the B cell response has not been fully elucida ... Full text Link to item Cite

Successful desensitization with proteasome inhibition and costimulation blockade in sensitized nonhuman primates.

Journal Article Blood Adv · November 14, 2017 Featured Publication The detrimental effects of donor-directed antibodies in sensitized transplant patients remain a difficult immunologic barrier to successful organ transplantation. Antibody removal is often followed by rebound. Proteasome inhibitors (PIs) deplete antibody-p ... Full text Link to item Cite

Erratum.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · November 2017 Full text Link to item Cite

Thrombalexin: Use of a Cytotopic Anticoagulant to Reduce Thrombotic Microangiopathy in a Highly Sensitized Model of Kidney Transplantation.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · August 2017 Early activation of coagulation is an important factor in the initiation of innate immunity, as characterized by thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA). In transplantation, systemic anticoagulation is difficult due to bleeding. A novel "cytotopic" agent, thromba ... Full text Link to item Cite

Humoral Compensation after Bortezomib Treatment of Allosensitized Recipients.

Journal Article J Am Soc Nephrol · July 2017 Featured Publication The efficacy of bortezomib monotherapy in desensitizing kidney transplant candidates with preformed donor-specific antibodies remains unclear. We evaluated the effect of bortezomib on preformed antibodies and upstream components of the B cell response in a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Crosstalk Between T and B Cells in the Germinal Center After Transplantation.

Journal Article Transplantation · April 2017 Crosstalk between B and T cells in transplantation is increasingly recognized as being important in the alloimmune response. T cell activation of B cells occurs by a 3-stage pathway, culminating with costimulation signals. We review the distinct T cell sub ... Full text Link to item Cite

Nucleic acid scavenging microfiber mesh inhibits trauma-induced inflammation and thrombosis.

Journal Article Biomaterials · March 2017 Trauma patients produce a host of danger signals and high levels of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) after cellular injury and tissue damage. These DAMPs are directly and indirectly involved in the pathogenesis of various inflammatory and throm ... Full text Link to item Cite

Premature T Cell Senescence in Pediatric CKD.

Journal Article J Am Soc Nephrol · January 2017 An individual's immune function, susceptibility to infection, and response to immunosuppressive therapy are influenced in part by his/her T cell maturation state. Although childhood is the most dynamic period of immune maturation, scant information regardi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Rapamycin Interferes With Postdepletion Regulatory T Cell Homeostasis and Enhances DSA Formation Corrected by CTLA4-Ig.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · September 2016 Previously, we demonstrated that alemtuzumab induction with rapamycin as sole maintenance therapy is associated with an increased incidence of humoral rejection in human kidney transplant patients. To investigate the role of rapamycin in posttransplant hum ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Antibody-Mediated Rejection in Sensitized Nonhuman Primates: Modeling Human Biology.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · June 2016 We have established a model of sensitization in nonhuman primates and tested two immunosuppressive regimens. Animals underwent fully mismatched skin transplantation, and donor-specific antibody (DSA) response was monitored by flow cross-match. Sensitized a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Thrombalexin: Detection & Efficacy of a Membrane-Bound Anti-Thrombin Agent.

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION · June 1, 2016 Link to item Cite

Impact of Leukocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1 Blockade on Endogenous Allospecific T Cells to Multiple Minor Histocompatibility Antigen Mismatched Cardiac Allograft.

Journal Article Transplantation · December 2015 BACKGROUND: Blocking leukocyte function-associated antigen (LFA)-1 in organ transplant recipients prolongs allograft survival. However, the precise mechanisms underlying the therapeutic potential of LFA-1 blockade in preventing chronic rejection are not fu ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

MHC-Class-II Specific Sensitization in a Non-Human Primate Model of Sensitzation

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION · May 1, 2015 Link to item Cite

Neutralizing BAFF/APRIL with atacicept prevents early DSA formation and AMR development in T cell depletion induced nonhuman primate AMR model.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · March 2015 Featured Publication Depletional strategies directed toward achieving tolerance induction in organ transplantation have been associated with an increased incidence and risk of antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) and graft injury. Our clinical data suggest correlation of increase ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Costimulation blockade alters germinal center responses and prevents antibody-mediated rejection.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · January 2014 De novo donor-specific antibody (DSA) after organ transplantation promotes antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) and causes late graft loss. Previously, we demonstrated that depletion using anti-CD3 immunotoxin combined with tacrolimus and alefacept (AMR regim ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Developing a Nonhuman Primate Model of Sensitization

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION · 2014 Cite

Lymphodepletional strategies in transplantation.

Journal Article Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med · July 1, 2013 Because lymphocytes were shown to mediate transplant rejection, their depletion has been studied as a mechanism of preventing rejection and perhaps inducing immunologic tolerance. Agents that profoundly deplete lymphocytes have included monoclonal antibodi ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Development of a Nonhuman Primate Model of Sensitization after Transplantation.

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION · April 1, 2013 Link to item Cite

CTLA-4 Ig Prevents Chronic Antibody-Mediated Rejection.

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION · April 1, 2013 Link to item Cite

The Effects of Viral Infection on Chronic Anti-Mediated Rejection.

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION · April 1, 2013 Link to item Cite

Immunophenotyping and Targeting of Plasma Cells in Sensitized Nonhuman Primates.

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION · April 1, 2013 Link to item Cite

Patterns of de novo allo B cells and antibody formation in chronic cardiac allograft rejection after alemtuzumab treatment.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · October 2012 Even though the etiology of chronic rejection (CR) is multifactorial, donor specific antibody (DSA) is considered to have a causal effect on CR development. Currently the antibody-mediated mechanisms during CR are poorly understood due to lack of proper an ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Enhanced de novo alloantibody and antibody-mediated injury in rhesus macaques.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · September 2012 Chronic allograft rejection is a major impediment to long-term transplant success. Humoral immune responses to alloantigens are a growing clinical problem in transplantation, with mounting evidence associating alloantibodies with the development of chronic ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Belatacept Prevents De Novo Alloantibody Production in Rhesus Macaques.

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION · May 1, 2012 Link to item Cite

Enhanced De Novo Alloantibody and Antibody-Mediated Injury in Rhesus Macaques.

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION · May 1, 2012 Link to item Cite

Acute Viral Infection Mediates Allosensitization and Abrogates Humoral Tolerance

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION · May 1, 2012 Link to item Cite

The role of B cells in solid organ transplantation.

Journal Article Semin Immunol · April 2012 The role of antibodies in chronic injury to organ transplants has been suggested for many years, but recently emphasized by new data. We have observed that when immunosuppressive potency decreases either by intentional weaning of maintenance agents or due ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Primary vascularization of the graft determines the immunodominance of murine minor H antigens during organ transplantation.

Journal Article J Immunol · October 15, 2011 Grafts can be rejected even when matched for MHC because of differences in the minor histocompatibility Ags (mH-Ags). H4- and H60-derived epitopes are known as immunodominant mH-Ags in H2(b)-compatible BALB.B to C57BL/6 transplantation settings. Although m ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

A Non-Human Primate Model for Alloantibody Production after T Cell Depletion

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION · April 1, 2011 Link to item Cite

Identification of Novel IgM and IgG Donor-Specific Memory B-Cells in Murine Models

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION · April 1, 2011 Link to item Cite

Interleukin-15 receptor blockade in non-human primate kidney transplantation.

Journal Article Transplantation · April 27, 2010 BACKGROUND: Interleukin (IL)-15 is a chemotactic factor to T cells. It induces proliferation and promotes survival of activated T cells. IL-15 receptor blockade in mouse cardiac and islet allotransplant models has led to long-term engraftment and a regulat ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Prevention trumps treatment of antibody-mediated transplant rejection.

Other J Clin Invest · April 2010 Belying the spectacular success of solid organ transplantation and improvements in immunosuppressive therapy is the reality that long-term graft survival rates remain relatively unchanged, in large part due to chronic and insidious alloantibody-mediated gr ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Stable Grafts: What Lurks beneath the Guise of a Stable Creatinine?

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION · April 1, 2010 Link to item Cite

PARP-1 Mediates Inflammation in Mouse Renal Transplants

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION · April 1, 2010 Link to item Cite

Overcoming Chronic Rejection-Can it B?

Journal Article Transplantation · October 27, 2009 Despite the success of immunosuppressive drug therapy to reduce the incidence of acute rejection in organ transplantation, chronic rejection is still an impediment to long-term graft survival and tolerance. There is a growing body of evidence that B-cell p ... Full text Link to item Cite

BAFF is increased in renal transplant patients following treatment with alemtuzumab.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · August 2009 Alemtuzumab is a monoclonal antibody that depletes T and B cells and is used as induction therapy for renal transplant recipients. Without long-term calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) therapy, alemtuzumab-treated patients have a propensity to develop alloantibody ... Full text Link to item Cite

Noninvasive detection of acute and chronic injuries in human renal transplant by elevation of multiple cytokines/chemokines in urine.

Journal Article Transplantation · June 27, 2009 BACKGROUND: Injuries in kidney transplant is currently diagnosed by needle biopsy. A noninvasive test that sensitively detects these injuries would benefit the patients. METHODS: Urine samples were collected from healthy controls and kidney transplant reci ... Full text Link to item Cite

Early and limited use of tacrolimus to avoid rejection in an alemtuzumab and sirolimus regimen for kidney transplantation: clinical results and immune monitoring.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · May 2009 Alemtuzumab induction with 60 days of tacrolimus treatment and continuous sirolimus treatment prevented acute rejection in nine of 10 consecutive renal allograft recipients. All patients are alive with a functioning kidney graft at 27-39 months of follow-u ... Full text Link to item Cite

Unique aspects of rejection and tolerance in liver transplantation.

Journal Article Semin Liver Dis · February 2009 Spontaneous acceptance of liver allografts occurs in several species. However, tolerance is rare in human transplant patients even though rejection is relatively easily reversed. Histological features of acute rejection in liver transplantation are similar ... Full text Link to item Cite

BAFF Dysregulation in Renal Transplant Patients Treated with Campath-1H

Journal Article AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION · January 1, 2009 Link to item Cite

Unaltered graft survival and intragraft lymphocytes infiltration in the cardiac allograft of Cxcr3-/- mouse recipients.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · August 2008 Previous studies showed that absence of chemokine receptor Cxcr3 or its blockade prolong mouse cardiac allograft survival. We evaluated the effect of the CXCR3 receptor antagonist MRL-957 on cardiac allograft survival, and also examined the impact of anti- ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mechanisms of differential T cell immunodominance in organ transplantation.

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION · May 1, 2008 Link to item Cite

Altered distribution of H60 minor H antigen-specific CD8 T cells and attenuated chronic vasculopathy in minor histocompatibility antigen mismatched heart transplantation in Cxcr3-/- mouse recipients.

Journal Article J Immunol · December 15, 2007 Chemokine-chemokine receptor interactions and the subsequent recruitment of T lymphocytes to the graft are believed to be among the initial events in the development of acute and chronic rejection of heart transplants. We sought to determine the role of ch ... Full text Link to item Cite

Developmental exposure to noninherited maternal antigens induces CD4+ T regulatory cells: relevance to mechanism of heart allograft tolerance.

Journal Article J Immunol · November 15, 2007 We hypothesize that developmental exposure to noninherited maternal Ags (NIMA) results in alloantigen-specific natural and adaptive T regulatory (T(R)) cells. We compared offspring exposed to maternal H-2(d) (NIMA(d)) with nonexposed controls. In vitro ass ... Full text Link to item Cite

Determination of the functional status of alloreactive T cells by interferon-gamma kinetics.

Journal Article Transplantation · February 27, 2006 BACKGROUND: A fundamental limitation of in vitro immunologic tests in the field of transplantation is that existing functional tests poorly correlate with in vivo immune responses such as rejection, tolerance, or absence of rejection due to immunosuppressi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Known postfix based cell search technique for OFDM cellular systems

Journal Article IEICE Transactions on Communications · January 1, 2006 A cell search technique utilizing a known postfix for OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) cellular systems is described. The known postfix is generated in the time domain by inserting pilots in the frequency domain and plays the role of the c ... Full text Cite

Surveillance of acute rejection in baboon renal transplantation by elevation of interferon-gamma inducible protein-10 and monokine induced by interferon-gamma in urine.

Journal Article Transplantation · October 15, 2004 BACKGROUND: CXCR3 binding chemokines play a key role in recruitment of inflammatory cells into an organ transplant. This study addresses the question of whether urinary excretion of these chemokines correlates with acute rejection in a baboon kidney transp ... Full text Link to item Cite