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Scott Haden Kollins
Adjunct Professor in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
Journal ArticleJAMA Netw Open · February 2, 2026
IMPORTANCE: As generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) tools become increasingly integrated into the daily lives of youth, it is critical to study their usage patterns and potential implications for mental health. While there is evidence of a rapid pace ...
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Journal ArticleJ Clin Child Adolesc Psychol · 2026
OBJECTIVE: Co-occurring attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is present for many autistic children and is associated with increased impairments, unique treatment needs, and decreased response to autism-specific interventions. Diagnosing ADHD in ...
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Journal ArticleJ Psychopharmacol · July 2025
BACKGROUND: People with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) use nicotine products at higher rates than those without. Greater initial sensitivity to nicotine's cognitive effects may explain this association. AIMS: This study examined associatio ...
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Journal ArticleJMIR Res Protoc · June 19, 2025
BACKGROUND: There has been controversy over the extent to which technology use in general-and social media exposure specifically-may be associated with adverse youth mental health outcomes. To date, studies have generally been small and exploratory, relyin ...
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Journal ArticleJ Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry · February 2025
OBJECTIVE: Few studies have characterized the nature of sleep problems among adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using polysomnography (PSG). Additionally, although adolescents with ADHD and adolescents with sleep disturbances ...
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Journal ArticleJ Child Psychol Psychiatry · February 2025
BACKGROUND: Autism commonly co-occurs with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but less is known regarding how ADHD symptoms impact the early presentation of autism. This study examined early behavioral characteristics of a community sample of ...
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Journal ArticleNeuropsychopharmacology · December 2024
Post-COVID-19 cognitive deficits are common, persistent, and disabling. Evidence on effective treatments is limited. The goal of this study was to investigate the efficacy of a digital intervention to reduce cognitive and functional deficits in adults with ...
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Journal ArticleBMC Psychiatry · September 16, 2024
BACKGROUND: The objectives of this study were to examine the association of psychiatric comorbidities and patient characteristics with treatment change and response as well as to assess the association between treatment change and healthcare resource utili ...
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Journal ArticleJ Autism Dev Disord · September 2024
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms affect 40-60% of autistic children and have been linked to differences in adaptive behavior. It is unclear whether adaptive behavior in autistic youth is directly impacted by co-occurring ADHD sympto ...
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Journal ArticleTransl Psychiatry · August 11, 2024
AKL-T01 is a digital therapeutic (DTx) that targets attention by generating conflict at dynamically updated difficulty levels during a multitasking game. Clinical trials support AKL-T01's efficacy in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but the ...
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Journal ArticleJ Autism Dev Disord · July 12, 2024
PURPOSE: Early detection and intervention are associated with improved outcomes for autistic children. Thus, it is important to understand factors influencing early screening tools designed to detect autism. This study examined the relationship between car ...
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Journal ArticleNpj Ment Health Res · June 19, 2024
Inattention symptoms represent a key driver of functional impairment in ADHD and often persist into adolescence and adulthood, underscoring a need for novel treatments targeting attentional control. We evaluated AKL-T01-a digital therapeutic that is FDA-cl ...
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Journal ArticleBMC Public Health · April 29, 2024
BACKGROUND: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) remains underdiagnosed and undertreated in girls. Inattentive symptoms, often predominant in girls with ADHD, represent a key driver of impairment and often persist into adulthood. AKL-T01 is a re ...
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Journal ArticleFront Psychiatry · 2024
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate treatment responder rate using the Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Rating Scale-5 (ADHD-RS-5) score based on optimized dose level of serdexmethylphenidate/dexmethylphenidate (SDX/d-MPH) and changes in ADHD severity in childr ...
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Journal ArticleFuture Neurology · January 1, 2024
What is this summary about?: This is a plain language summary of 2 articles published in the Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology. It describes a medication called serdexmethylphenidate/dexmethylphenidate, or SDX/d-MPH for short. SDX/d-MPH is ...
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ConferenceProcedia Computer Science · January 1, 2024
An advantage of digital therapeutics (DTx) is the ability to provide objective, real-time assessment of patients during cognitivebehavioral treatments, without additional user input beyond engaging with the treatment itself. Randomized controlled trials (R ...
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Journal ArticleSchizophr Res · October 2023
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS: Schizophrenia and comorbid substance use disorders (SUDs) are associated with poor treatment outcomes but differences between the associations of different SUDs with clinical outcomes are poorly characterized. This study examines ...
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Journal ArticleContemp Clin Trials · September 2023
BACKGROUND: Digitization (using novel digital tools and strategies) and consumerism (taking a consumer-oriented approach) are increasingly commonplace in clinical trials, but the implications of these changes are not well described. METHODS: We assembled a ...
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Journal ArticleJ Pediatr · May 2023
OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationships of prenatal and childhood smoke exposure with specific neurodevelopmental and behavioral problems during early childhood. STUDY DESIGN: A subsample (n = 386) of mother-child dyads from the Newborn Epigenetic Study (NE ...
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Journal ArticleLancet Psychiatry · May 2023
BACKGROUND: Identifying patients most at risk of psychiatric hospitalisation is crucial to improving service provision and patient outcomes. Existing predictors focus on specific clinical scenarios and are not validated with real-world data, limiting their ...
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Journal ArticleJAMA Netw Open · February 1, 2023
IMPORTANCE: Autism detection early in childhood is critical to ensure that autistic children and their families have access to early behavioral support. Early correlates of autism documented in electronic health records (EHRs) during routine care could all ...
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Journal ArticleJ Atten Disord · January 2023
OBJECTIVE: Few studies of prescription stimulant non-oral, non-medical use (NMU) (defined by use not as prescribed) have been conducted in adults beyond the college population. The purpose of this study was to characterize prescription stimulant non-oral u ...
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Chapter · January 1, 2023
Screen media technology (SMT) use has become increasingly prevalent among youth, and is associated with a variety of negative outcomes, including poor sleep and impairments in several domains of cognitive functioning, including task-switching, attention, w ...
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Journal ArticleAMIA Annu Symp Proc · 2023
Medications such as buprenorphine-naloxone are among the most effective treatments for opioid use disorder, but limited retention in treatment limits long-term outcomes. In this study, we assess the feasibility of a machine learning model to predict retent ...
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ConferenceInt J Obes (Lond) · August 2022
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Sleep measures, such as duration and onset timing, are associated with adiposity outcomes among children. Recent research among adults has considered variability in sleep and wake onset times, with the Sleep Regularity Index (SRI) as ...
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Journal ArticleJ Dev Behav Pediatr · May 1, 2022
OBJECTIVE: Sleep is vital to supporting adolescent behavioral health and functioning; however, sleep disturbances remain under-recognized and undertreated in many health care settings. One barrier is the complexity of sleep, which makes it difficult for pr ...
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Journal ArticleBMJ Open · April 22, 2022
PURPOSE: NeuroBlu is a real-world data (RWD) repository that contains deidentified electronic health record (EHR) data from US mental healthcare providers operating the MindLinc EHR system. NeuroBlu enables users to perform statistical analysis through a s ...
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Journal ArticleChild Obes · April 2022
Background: There has been limited examination of the association between parenting stress and child weight-related behaviors. We aimed to determine whether parenting stress is associated with child weight-related behaviors, including physical activity, sc ...
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Journal ArticlePsychol Sci · April 2022
As children age, they can learn increasingly complex features of environmental structure-a key prerequisite for adaptive decision-making. Yet when we tested children (N = 304, 4-13 years old) in the Children's Gambling Task, an age-appropriate variant of t ...
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Journal ArticleJ Clin Sleep Med · March 1, 2022
STUDY OBJECTIVES: Caffeine use is ubiquitous among adolescents and may be harmful to sleep, with downstream implications for health and development. Research has been limited by self-reported and/or aggregated measures of sleep and caffeine collected at a ...
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Journal ArticleJ Atten Disord · January 2022
OBJECTIVE: Religiosity has been repeatedly proposed as protective in the development of depression, sociopathy and addictions. ADHD frequently co-occurs with these same conditions. Although ADHD symptoms may affect religious practice, religiosity in ADHD r ...
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Journal ArticleAutism · January 2022
COVID-19 caused many autism spectrum disorder caregiver-coaching studies to move to telehealth. Telehealth can increase the diversity of people who take part in research. This matters because most autism spectrum disorder studies have included people who h ...
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Journal ArticleJ Atten Disord · December 2021
OBJECTIVE: Eveningness diurnal preference is common in psychiatric conditions, including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and internalizing disorders. Little is known about how diurnal preference relates to sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT)-a d ...
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Journal ArticleSci Rep · November 19, 2021
Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a complex psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorder that develops during childhood and spans into adulthood. ADHD's aetiology is complex, and evidence about its cause and risk factors is limited. We leve ...
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Journal ArticleJ Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol · November 2021
Objectives: To study the safety and efficacy of the long-acting methylphenidate formulation PRC-063 in adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods: Adolescents 12 to ≤17 years who met Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Menta ...
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Journal ArticleJ Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol · November 2021
Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of once-daily serdexmethylphenidate/dexmethylphenidate (SDX/d-MPH) capsules (Azstarysâ„¢) compared with placebo in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in a randomized, double-blind, do ...
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Journal ArticleJ Atten Disord · October 2021
Background: Children with ADHD have 2 to 3 times increased health care utilization and annual costs once diagnosed, but little is known about utilization patterns early in life, prior to diagnosis. Quantifying early health services use among children later ...
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Journal ArticleNeurosci Biobehav Rev · September 2021
BACKGROUND: Misconceptions about ADHD stigmatize affected people, reduce credibility of providers, and prevent/delay treatment. To challenge misconceptions, we curated findings with strong evidence base. METHODS: We reviewed studies with more than 2000 par ...
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Journal ArticleJ Child Psychol Psychiatry · September 2021
BACKGROUND: This study is part of a larger research program focused on developing objective, scalable tools for digital behavioral phenotyping. We evaluated whether a digital app delivered on a smartphone or tablet using computer vision analysis (CVA) can ...
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Journal ArticlePsychopharmacology (Berl) · September 2021
RATIONALE: Reducing nicotine content in cigarettes to ≤ 2.4 mg per g of tobacco [mg/g] reduces smoking behavior and toxicant exposure among adult daily smokers. However, cigarettes with similar nicotine content could support continued experimentation and s ...
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Journal ArticleTrials · August 16, 2021
BACKGROUND: Interest in the application of machine learning (ML) to the design, conduct, and analysis of clinical trials has grown, but the evidence base for such applications has not been surveyed. This manuscript reviews the proceedings of a multi-stakeh ...
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Journal ArticleJAMA Pediatr · August 1, 2021
IMPORTANCE: Atypical eye gaze is an early-emerging symptom of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and holds promise for autism screening. Current eye-tracking methods are expensive and require special equipment and calibration. There is a need for scalable, fea ...
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Journal ArticlePediatr Obes · July 2021
BACKGROUND: Although maternal systemic inflammation is hypothesized to link maternal pre-pregnancy obesity to offspring metabolic dysfunction, patient empirical data are limited. OBJECTIVES: In this study, we hypothesized that pre-pregnancy obesity alters ...
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Journal ArticleNicotine Tob Res · June 8, 2021
INTRODUCTION: Many children suffer from secondhand smoke exposure (SHSe), which leads to a variety of negative health consequences. However, there is no consensus on how clinicians can best query parents for possible SHSe among children. We employed a data ...
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Journal ArticleJ Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol · June 2021
Objective: To examine the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of methylphenidate extended-release orally disintegrating tablets (MPH XR-ODT) for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) during the open-label dose-optimization/stabili ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Environ Res Public Health · May 14, 2021
Smoke-free home rules restrict smoking in the home, but biomarkers of secondhand smoke exposure are needed to help understand the association between smoke-free homes and child secondhand smoke exposure. Participants (n = 346) were majority Black/African A ...
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Journal ArticleEnviron Health Perspect · May 2021
BACKGROUND: Maternal smoking during pregnancy is related to altered DNA methylation in infant umbilical cord blood. The extent to which low levels of smoke exposure among nonsmoking pregnant women relates to offspring DNA methylation is unknown. OBJECTIVE: ...
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Journal ArticleCNS Drugs · April 2021
In this review, we consider issues relating to the pharmacological treatment of young children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). ADHD in preschool-age children has a profound impact on psychosocial function and developmental trajectory. ...
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Journal ArticleNPJ Digit Med · March 26, 2021
STARS-Adjunct was a multicenter, open-label effectiveness study of AKL-T01, an app and video-game-based treatment for inattention, as an adjunct to pharmacotherapy in 8-14-year-old children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) on stimulant ...
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Journal ArticleJ Atten Disord · February 2021
Objective: Sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) symptoms uniquely contribute to psychiatric and functional outcomes in child samples; however, the psychometric properties of SCT measures among adult outpatients are unknown. Method: Adults (n = 124) presenting fo ...
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Journal ArticleNeuropsychopharmacology · February 2021
The ability to maximize rewards and minimize the costs of obtaining them is vital to making advantageous explore/exploit decisions. Exploratory decisions are theorized to be greater among individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), po ...
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Journal ArticleJ Child Psychol Psychiatry · February 2021
The past year has accelerated global discourse on the role played by institutional and societal factors in perpetuating inequities between racial and ethnic groups across all aspects of life. This editorial considers whether our traditional approaches to c ...
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Journal ArticleJMIR Ment Health · January 26, 2021
The behavioral health toll of the COVID-19 pandemic and systemic racism has directed increased attention to the potential of digital health as a way of improving access to and quality of behavioral health care. However, as the pandemic continues to widen h ...
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Journal ArticleEnviron Epigenet · 2021
Cannabis use alters sperm DNA methylation, but the potential reversibility of these changes is unknown. Semen samples from cannabis users and non-user controls were collected at baseline and again following a 77-day period of cannabis abstinence (one sperm ...
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Chapter · December 4, 2020
ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and/or impulsivity that can cause impairment in a variety of domains across the life span. This chapter reviews the history and prevalence of ADHD as well as known etiologic ...
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Journal ArticleJ Psychiatr Res · December 2020
BACKGROUND: Sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) is associated with-but distinct from-attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This study examined SCT rates in adult outpatients seeking an ADHD assessment, differences in rates based on ADHD status, impac ...
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Journal Article · November 2, 2020
UNSTRUCTUREDThe behavioral health toll of the COVID-19 pandemic and systemic racism has directed increased attention to the potential of digital health as a way of improving access to and ...
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Journal ArticleSci Rep · October 19, 2020
Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have 2-3 times increased healthcare utilization and annual costs once diagnosed, but little is known about their utilization patterns early in life. Quantifying ...
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Journal ArticlePaediatr Drugs · October 2020
OBJECTIVE: This was a single-dose, one-period, multicenter, pharmacokinetic (PK) study to evaluate the PK of methylphenidate (MPH) hydrochloride multilayer extended-release capsules (MPH-MLR) in preschool children aged 4 to < 6 years, previously diagnosed ...
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Journal ArticleJMIR Mhealth Uhealth · October 1, 2020
BACKGROUND: Adolescence is an important life stage for the development of healthy behaviors, which have a long-lasting impact on health across the lifespan. Sleep undergoes significant changes during adolescence and is linked to physical and psychiatric he ...
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Dataset · August 25, 2020
This dataset contains the raw sequencing data files for reduced representation bisulfite sequencing. Abstract: Little is known about the reproductive effects of paternal cannabis exposure. We evaluated associations between cannabis or tetrahydrocannabinol ...
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Journal ArticlePediatr Obes · July 2020
BACKGROUND: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms have been linked with eating behaviors and obesity adolescence and young adulthood. Yet, little is known about whether these associations occur during early childhood and few studies have ...
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ConferenceSleep · May 27, 2020
AbstractIntroductionExecutive functioning (EF) deficits are a key feature of ADHD, and sleep disturbances may be an important contribu ...
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Journal Article · May 25, 2020
BACKGROUNDAdolescence is an important life stage for the development of healthy behaviors, which have a long-lasting impact on health across the lifespan. Sleep undergoes significant chan ...
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Journal ArticleNeuropsychopharmacology · April 2020
Individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are at increased risk for adverse cigarette smoking outcomes, and little is known about factors underlying this risk. This study sought to evaluate the effects of initial nicotine exposure in ...
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Journal ArticleJ Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol · April 2020
Objectives: Describe the safety and tolerability of lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (LDX) and provide data on clinical effects for efficacy-related endpoints and pharmacokinetics in preschool-aged children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). ...
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Journal ArticleLancet Digit Health · April 2020
BACKGROUND: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common paediatric neurodevelopmental disorder with substantial effect on families and society. Alternatives to traditional care, including novel digital therapeutics, have shown promise to re ...
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Journal ArticleJ Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol · March 2020
Objectives: To assess the efficacy and safety of a methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release capsule (MPH-MLR) formulation in treating attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in preschool children. Methods: Children aged 4 to <6 years with qua ...
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Journal ArticleSci Rep · February 14, 2020
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper. ...
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Journal ArticleJ Child Psychol Psychiatry · February 2020
The identification of child, family, and other environmental factors that confer risk for poor developmental outcomes has long been a major theme in child and adolescent psychopathology research. Over the past 6 decades, the Journal of Child Psychology & P ...
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Journal ArticleNicotine Tob Res · January 27, 2020
INTRODUCTION: Both prenatal smoke exposure and depression have been linked to lower birth weight, a risk factor for morbidity and mortality. Few studies have looked at the interaction between these risk factors and none have used a biomarker to objectively ...
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Journal ArticleSci Rep · January 16, 2020
Sleep deprivation and disorders are linked to reduced DMN connectivity. Less is known about how naturalistic sleep patterns - specifically sleep irregularity - relate to the DMN, particularly among adolescents and young adults. Additionally, no studies hav ...
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Journal ArticleEpigenetics · 2020
Parental cannabis use has been associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in offspring, but how such phenotypes are transmitted is largely unknown. Using reduced representation bisulphite sequencing (RRBS), we recently demonstrated that cannabis u ...
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Journal ArticleDrug Alcohol Depend · December 1, 2019
BACKGROUND: Cigarette smoking is robustly associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but little is known about psychological mechanisms accounting for this comorbid relationship. This study examined difficulties in emotion regulation, ...
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Journal ArticleAppetite · November 1, 2019
Understanding the relationship between snacking and dietary intake in early life years is one key but understudied area. In this study, we examined snacking patterns in toddlers and preschool children and the associations between snacking frequency and dai ...
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Journal ArticleCurr Psychiatry Rep · August 13, 2019
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Individuals with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may be unusually sensitive to screen media technology (SMT), from television to mobile devices. Although an association between ADHD and SMT use has been confirmed, its imp ...
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Journal ArticlePharmacol Biochem Behav · August 2019
BACKGROUND: A reduced willingness to perform effort based on the magnitude and probability of potential rewards has been associated with diminished dopamine function and may be relevant to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Here, we investiga ...
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Conference2019 IEEE EMBS International Conference on Biomedical and Health Informatics Bhi 2019 Proceedings · May 1, 2019
One key component when analyzing actigraphy data for sleep studies is sleep-wake cycle detection. Most detection algorithms rely on accurate sleep diary labels to generate supervised classifiers, with parameters optimized for a particular dataset. However, ...
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Journal ArticleNicotine Tob Res · April 17, 2019
INTRODUCTION: Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are at increased risk for smoking cigarettes, but there is little longitudinal research on the array of smoking characteristics known to be prognostic of long-term smoking outcomes ...
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Journal ArticleJMIR Public Health Surveill · April 2, 2019
BACKGROUND: Traditional methods for recruiting and maintaining contact with participants in cohort studies include print-based correspondence, which can be unidirectional, labor intensive, and slow. Leveraging technology can substantially enhance communica ...
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Journal ArticleChronobiol Int · March 2019
Recently there has been growing interest in associations between sleep, emotion, and social functioning. Less is known about relationships between chronotype preference and socioemotional cognition and functioning, particularly among adolescents, who exper ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Environ Res Public Health · February 25, 2019
This study examines pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index (BMI) and gestational weight gain (GWG) in relation to early childhood Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) symptoms and related executive self-regulation behaviors. The analyses sample (n = 331) ...
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Journal ArticlePediatr Obes · February 2019
BACKGROUND: Knowledge regarding genetic influences on eating behaviours is expanding; yet less is known regarding contributions of epigenetic variation to appetitive traits and body mass index (BMI) in children. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to ...
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Journal ArticleJ Child Psychol Psychiatry · December 2018
Late-onset attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been a topic of significant debate within our field. One question focuses on whether there may be alternative explanations for the onset of inattentive and/or hyperactive symptoms in adolescenc ...
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Journal ArticleSci Rep · September 21, 2018
Sleep disturbances, including insufficient sleep duration and circadian misalignment, confer risk for cardiometabolic disease. Less is known about the association between the regularity of sleep/wake schedules and cardiometabolic risk. This study evaluated ...
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Journal ArticleJ Atten Disord · September 2018
OBJECTIVE: Children with ADHD frequently manifest behavioral difficulties in the morning prior to school. We sought to assess the reliability and validity of the Daily Parent Rating of Evening and Morning Behavior Scale, Revised (DPREMB-R) morning score as ...
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Journal Article · July 23, 2018
BACKGROUNDTraditional methods for recruiting and maintaining contact with participants in cohort studies include print-based correspondence, which can be unidirectional, labor intensive, ...
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Journal ArticleClin Epigenetics · July 20, 2018
BACKGROUND: Epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, act as one potential mechanism underlying the detrimental effects associated with prenatal tobacco smoke (PTS) exposure. Methylation in a gene called AXL was previously reported to differ in ...
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Journal ArticleJ Atten Disord · July 2018
OBJECTIVE: Although substance use (SU) is elevated in ADHD and both are associated with disrupted emotional functioning, little is known about how emotions and SU interact in ADHD. We used a mixed qualitative-quantitative approach to explore this relations ...
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Journal ArticleBrain Behav Immun · May 2018
Preclinical studies demonstrate that environmentally-induced alterations in inflammatory cytokines generated by the maternal and fetal immune system can significantly impact fetal brain development. Yet, the relationship between maternal cytokines during g ...
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Journal ArticleObes Rev · April 2018
This review examined evidence of the association between maternal pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity status and child neurodevelopmental outcomes. PubMed and PsycINFO databases were systematically searched for empirical studies published before April 2017 us ...
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Journal ArticleJ Pediatr Psychol · March 1, 2018
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to understand how early cigarette use might predict subsequent illicit drug use, especially among individuals with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms during childhood. METHODS: Data were drawn from ...
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Journal ArticleNeuropsychopharmacology · March 2018
Smoking withdrawal negatively impacts inhibitory control, and these effects are greater for smokers with preexisting attention problems, such as attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The current study preliminarily evaluated changes in inhibitor ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Environ Res Public Health · January 6, 2018
Prenatal passive smoke exposure raises risk for negative birth outcomes. Legislation regulating public smoking has been shown to impact exposure levels, though fewer studies involving pregnant women have been conducted within the U.S. where bans are incons ...
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Journal ArticlePLoS One · 2018
OBJECTIVE: Pharmacological and behavioral therapies have limited impact on the distinct neurocognitive impairments associated with ADHD, and existing cognitive training programs have shown limited efficacy. This proof-of-concept study assessed treatment ac ...
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Journal ArticleEpigenetics · 2018
Little is known about the reproductive effects of paternal cannabis exposure. We evaluated associations between cannabis or tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) exposure and altered DNA methylation in sperm from humans and rats, respectively. DNA methylation, measur ...
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Journal ArticleJ Atten Disord · November 2017
OBJECTIVE: Mindfulness meditation training is garnering increasing empirical interest as an intervention for ADHD in adulthood, although no studies of mindfulness as a standalone treatment have included a sample composed entirely of adults with ADHD or a c ...
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Journal ArticleEpigenetics · August 2017
Excessive inflammation during pregnancy alters homeostatic mechanisms of the developing fetus and has been linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes. An anti-inflammatory diet could be a promising avenue to combat the pro-inflammatory state of pregnancy, partic ...
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Journal ArticleJ Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol · February 2017
OBJECTIVE: Methylphenidate extended-release orally disintegrating tablets (MPH XR-ODTs) represent a new technology for MPH delivery. ODTs disintegrate in the mouth without water and provide a pharmacokinetic profile that is consistent with once-daily dosin ...
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Journal ArticleClin Psychol Rev · December 2016
BACKGROUND: Biological mechanisms underlying symptom and prognostic heterogeneity in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are unclear. Sleep impacts neurocognition and daytime functioning and is disrupted in ADHD, yet little is known about sleep ...
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Journal ArticleJ Pediatr Psychol · August 2016
Across the lifespan, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with increased health risk behaviors including substance abuse, binge eating and obesity, and unsafe sexual behavior. These risks are directly linked to the neurocognitive d ...
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Journal ArticlePLoS One · 2016
BACKGROUND: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a risk factor for problematic cannabis use. However, clinical and anecdotal evidence suggest an increasingly popular perception that cannabis is therapeutic for ADHD, including via online resou ...
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Journal ArticleNeuropsychopharmacology · November 2015
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity associated with clinically significant impairment in functioning. ADHD has an early onset, but frequen ...
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Journal ArticleJ Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry · July 2015
OBJECTIVE: To describe the long-term psychopharmacological treatment of children first diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as preschoolers. METHOD: In a systematic, prospective, naturalistic follow-up, 206 (68.0%) of the 303 chil ...
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Journal ArticleJ Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol · June 2015
OBJECTIVE: The study goal was to determine the efficacy and safety of an optimal dose of Evekeo, racemic amphetamine sulfate, 1:1 d-amphetamine and l-amphetamine (R-AMPH), compared to placebo in treating children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disord ...
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Journal ArticleCogn Behav Pract · May 2015
Research examining nonpharmacological interventions for adults diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has expanded in recent years and provides patients with more treatment options. Mindfulness-based training is an example of an int ...
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Journal ArticleDrug Alcohol Depend · March 1, 2015
PURPOSE: This study examined the influence of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) symptoms severity and directionality (hyperactive-impulsive symptoms relative to inattentive symptoms) on trajectories of the probability of current (past month) ...
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Journal ArticleJ Subst Abuse Treat · January 2015
Methylphenidate (MPH) is commonly prescribed for the treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and is often used illicitly by young adults. Illicit users often coadminister MPH with marijuana. Little is known about physiologic and subje ...
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Chapter · January 1, 2015
Introduction Cigarette smoking is the leading preventable cause of death and disability in the United States. Annually, smoking leads to more than 400 000 premature deaths in the USA and nearly 5 million deaths worldwide [1]. In the USA alone, $150 billion ...
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Journal ArticleAm J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet · December 2014
Low birth weight is associated with increased risk for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD); however, the etiological underpinnings of this relationship remain unclear. This study investigated if genetic variants in angiogenic, dopaminergic, neu ...
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Journal ArticleJ Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol · December 2014
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the time of onset and time course of efficacy over 12.0 hours of extended-release multilayer bead formulation of methylphenidate (MPH-MLR) compared with placebo in children 6-12 years of age with attention ...
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Journal ArticleClin Drug Investig · November 2014
OBJECTIVES: The objective of the study was to determine the relative bioavailability of an extended-release multilayer bead formulation of methylphenidate hydrochloride (MPH-MLR) 80 mg vs. methylphenidate immediate-release (IR; Ritalin(®)) tablets as singl ...
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Journal ArticleSubst Use Misuse · September 2014
The current study assessed antecedents and consequences of ad lib cigarette smoking in smokers diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using ecological momentary assessment (EMA). Adult smokers with ADHD (n = 17) completed 870 smokin ...
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Journal ArticleProg Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry · July 3, 2014
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common and impairing disorder affecting millions of children, adolescents, and adults. Individuals with ADHD smoke cigarettes at rates significantly higher than their non-diagnosed peers and the disorder ...
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Journal ArticlePediatrics · June 2014
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have a significantly higher risk of cigarette smoking. The nature of the relationship between smoking and psychostimulant medications commonly used to treat ADHD is ...
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Journal ArticleJ Atten Disord · February 2014
OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to assess the efficacy and tolerability of lis-dexamfetamine dimesylate (LDX) as an adjunct to nicotine replacement therapy in adult smokers with ADHD who were undergoing a quit attempt. METHODS: Thirty-two regular adu ...
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Journal ArticleNeuropsychiatr Dis Treat · 2014
BACKGROUND: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptom presentation across age and sex has not been fully elucidated. The present post hoc analyses qualitatively explored the baseline levels of ADHD symptomatology across subgroups in two clini ...
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Journal ArticleJ Dual Diagn · 2014
OBJECTIVE: Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) methods have provided a rich assessment of the contextual factors associated with a wide range of behaviors including alcohol use, eating, physical activity, and smoking. Despite this rich database, this inf ...
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Journal ArticleNicotine Tob Res · January 2014
INTRODUCTION: Smokers with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) differ from smokers without ADHD across a range of smoking outcomes (e.g., higher prevalence rates of smoking, faster progression to regular smoking, and greater difficulty quitting ...
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Journal ArticleJ Pediatr Psychol · November 2013
OBJECTIVE: To examine the influence of childhood economic strains on substance use in young adulthood and to assess the mediating roles of self-control as well as positive parenting during adolescence in a nationally representative longitudinal cohort. MET ...
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Journal ArticleAddict Behav · November 2013
OBJECTIVE: To examine the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the CHRNB3 (rs13280604) and CHRNA6 (rs892413) nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) genes and symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in predicting sm ...
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Journal ArticleExp Clin Psychopharmacol · October 2013
Individuals with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) smoke cigarettes at rates higher than the general population and questions have been raised about how stimulant drugs-the frontline pharmacological treatment for ADHD-influence smoking risk a ...
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Journal ArticleDrug Alcohol Depend · September 1, 2013
BACKGROUND: Characterizing smoking behavior is important for informing etiologic models and targeting prevention efforts. This study explored the effects of both individual- and community-level variables in predicting cigarette use vs. non-use and level of ...
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Journal ArticlePsychopharmacology (Berl) · May 2013
RATIONALE: Individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have a more difficult time quitting smoking compared to their non-ADHD peers. Little is known about the underlying behavioral mechanisms associated with this increased risk. OBJECT ...
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Journal ArticleJ Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry · March 2013
OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical course of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptom severity and diagnosis from ages 3 to 5 up to 9 to 12 years during a 6-year follow-up after the original Preschool ADHD Treatment Study (PATS). METHOD: A ...
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Journal ArticlePLoS One · 2013
OBJECTIVE: Brain dopamine dysfunction in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) could explain why stimulant medications, which increase dopamine signaling, are therapeutically beneficial. However while the acute increases in dopamine induced by st ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment · December 1, 2012
Recent reviews argue that emotion dysregulation is an important feature of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and involves a failure to inhibit negative emotions that leads to negative affectively-driven impulsive behavior (i.e., emotional imp ...
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Journal ArticleNicotine Tob Res · August 2012
INTRODUCTION: Smoking prevalence among individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is elevated relative to non-PTSD smokers, and there is evidence to suggest that affect regulation may be a motivation for smoking among those with this disorder. P ...
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Journal ArticleNeurotherapeutics · July 2012
Interest in the co-occurrence of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has grown in the last decade. Research on clinical populations supports the frequent co-occurrence of ADHD traits (e.g., hyperactivity) in i ...
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Journal ArticleJ Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol · June 2012
BACKGROUND: Extended-release guanfacine (GXR) is approved for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents aged 6-17 years. This post-hoc analysis further examines the effects of GXR on hyperactivity-impulsiv ...
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Journal ArticleMed Hypotheses · May 2012
Both females and individuals with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) have been found to be at increased risk for a range of smoking outcomes, and recent empirical findings have suggested that women with ADHD may be particularly vulnerable to n ...
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Journal ArticleJ Atten Disord · February 2012
OBJECTIVE: To explore dose-response effects of lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (LDX) treatment for ADHD. METHOD: This was a 4-week, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, forced-dose titration study in adult participants, aged 18 to 55 ...
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Journal ArticleNicotine Tob Res · February 2012
INTRODUCTION: Initial reactions to cigarettes predict later regular smoking. Symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have also been shown to increase smoking risk and may moderate the relationship between genotype and smoking. We conduc ...
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Journal ArticleAddiction Research and Theory · February 1, 2012
Individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) smoke cigarettes at higher rates and have greater difficulty quitting than their non-diagnosed peers. This study examined differences between smokers with and without ADHD on a range of smoki ...
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Journal ArticleJ Neurosci · January 18, 2012
Stimulant medications, such as methylphenidate, which are effective treatments for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), enhance brain dopamine signaling. However, the relationship between regional brain dopamine enhancement and treatment respon ...
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Journal ArticleJ Clin Child Adolesc Psychol · 2012
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a highly heterogeneous disorder, and the phenotypic structure comprising inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive type symptoms has been the focus of a growing body of recent research. Methodological studies ...
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Journal ArticleMol Psychiatry · November 2011
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Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is typically characterized as a disorder of inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity but there is increasing evidence of deficits in motivation. Using positron emission tomography (PET), we showed decreased ...
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Journal ArticleJ Atten Disord · October 2011
OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the role of self-regulation of emotion in relation to functional impairment and comorbidity among children with and without AD/HD. METHOD: A total of 358 probands and their siblings participated in the study, with 74% of ...
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Journal ArticleNicotine Tob Res · September 2011
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INTRODUCTION: Smokers with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have greater difficulty quitting than those without ADHD, but preliminary data (McClernon, Kollins, Lutz, Fitzgerald, Murray, Redman, et al., 2008) suggest equivalent severity of wi ...
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Journal ArticlePharmacol Biochem Behav · August 2011
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with multiple cognition-related phenotypic features in both children and adults. This review aims to clarify the role of cognition in ADHD and how prevailing treatments, which are often highly e ...
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Journal ArticlePediatrics · June 2011
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OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and safety of clonidine hydrochloride extended-release tablets (CLON-XR) combined with stimulants (ie, methylphenidate or amphetamine) for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this phas ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Obes (Lond) · June 2011
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OBJECTIVE: To examine the associations between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms, obesity and hypertension in young adults in a large population-based cohort. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: The study population consisted of 15,197 ...
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Journal ArticleJ Atten Disord · April 2011
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OBJECTIVE: Few studies have examined concordance between raters of ADHD symptoms in adults; there is less information on how well rating scales function in distinguishing adult ADHD from other disorders. This study examined these variables using the Conner ...
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Journal ArticleJ Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol · April 2011
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OBJECTIVES: To determine whether treatment with guanfacine extended release (GXR) in subjects with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) disrupted psychomotor functioning and alertness, or impacted daytime sleepiness. METHOD: This was a randomize ...
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Journal ArticlePediatrics · April 2011
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of atomoxetine for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in 5- and 6-year-old children. METHODS: This was an 8-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial ...
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Journal ArticleAm J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet · March 2011
Intelligence is a highly heritable trait for which it has proven difficult to identify the actual genes. In the past decade, five whole-genome linkage scans have suggested genomic regions important to human intelligence; however, so far none of the respons ...
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Journal ArticleJ Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry · February 2011
OBJECTIVE: This study examined the efficacy and safety of clonidine hydrochloride extended-release tablets (CLON-XR) in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). METHOD: This 8-week, placebo-controlled, fixed-dose trial ...
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Journal ArticleInnov Clin Neurosci · February 2011
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of lisdexamfetamine dimesylate in participants with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and a history of depression and/or substance use disorder. History of these comorbidities was recorded from medical ...
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Chapter · January 1, 2011
The use of psychostimulants and, more recently, other classes of drugs for the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is widespread. Although it is generally agreed that use in the United States is higher than in other countries, evid ...
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Journal ArticleChild Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health · December 14, 2010
BACKGROUND: Efficacy and safety profiles by sex and age (6-9 vs 10-12 years) and magnitude and duration of effect by effect size overall and across the day of lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (LDX) vs placebo were assessed. METHODS: This study enrolled children ...
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Journal ArticleExpert Opin Pharmacother · December 2010
IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD: Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a prevalent disorder in children and adults, presents a substantial societal burden in both monetary cost and human suffering. Characterized by significant difficulties in maintainin ...
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Journal ArticleNeuropsychopharmacology · December 2010
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Smokers exhibit decrements in inhibitory control (IC) during withdrawal. The objective of this study was to investigate the neural basis of these effects in critical substrates of IC--right inferior frontal cortex (rIFC) and presupplementary motor area (pr ...
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Journal ArticleCurr Psychiatry Rep · October 2010
Pharmacologic management of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has expanded beyond stimulant medications to include alpha-2 adrenergic agonists. These agents exert their actions through presynaptic stimulation and likely involve facilitation o ...
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Journal ArticleCNS Drugs · September 2010
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of guanfacine extended release (XR, Intuniv; Shire Development Inc., Wayne, PA, USA) in the treatment of oppositional symptoms in children aged 6-12 years with a diagnosis of attention-deficit hyperactivity di ...
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Journal ArticleExp Clin Psychopharmacol · June 2010
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Individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) smoke at rates significantly higher than the general population and have more difficulty quitting than nondiagnosed individuals. Currently, there are no evidence-based approaches for reducing ...
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Journal Article · April 1, 2010
Methylphenidate (MPH) is one of the most widely prescribed psychotropic agents in the United States, and its increased use over the past two decades has been a source of growing controversy among scientists, clinicians, policy makers, and parents. This cha ...
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Journal ArticlePsychiatr Genet · April 2010
OBJECTIVE: A family was previously identified that cosegregates a pericentric inversion, inv(3)(p14 : q21), with an early-onset developmental condition, characterized by impulsive behavior and intellectual deficit. The inversion breakpoints lie within DOCK ...
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Journal ArticleJ Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry · March 2010
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether including children with onset of symptoms between ages 7 and 12 years in the ADHD diagnostic category would: (a) increase the prevalence of the disorder at age 12, and (b) change the clinical and cognitive features, impairmen ...
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Journal ArticleJ Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry · January 2010
OBJECTIVE: To complete an exploratory uncontrolled study of the effects of lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (LDX) on growth of children treated for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). METHOD: Height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) from 281 child ...
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Journal ArticleJAMA · September 9, 2009
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CONTEXT: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)--characterized by symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity--is the most prevalent childhood psychiatric disorder that frequently persists into adulthood, and there is increasing evidence ...
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Journal ArticleChild Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health · June 9, 2009
BACKGROUND: Lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (LDX) is indicated for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children 6 to 12 years of age and in adults. In a previous laboratory school study, LDX demonstrated efficacy 2 hours postdos ...
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Journal ArticleJ Nerv Ment Dis · June 2009
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To assess the effects of postnatal parental smoking on subsequent parent and teacher ratings of DSM-IV attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and oppositional behaviors in children diagnosed with ADHD and their siblings. Children between ...
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Journal ArticlePsychopharmacology (Berl) · May 2009
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RATIONALE: There has been controversy over the abuse potential of methylphenidate (MPH) in the context of treatment for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to compare the reinforcing and subjective ef ...
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Journal ArticleBehav Genet · May 2009
Depression and Genetic variation in serotonin and monoamine transmission have both been associated with body mass index (BMI), but their interaction effects are not well understood. We examined the interaction between depressive symptoms and functional pol ...
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Journal ArticleNicotine Tob Res · March 2009
INTRODUCTION: This study investigated the association between retrospectively reported attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms experienced during childhood and five cigarette smoking-related outcomes in adulthood. METHODS: A large sample ( ...
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Journal ArticleDrug Alcohol Depend · February 1, 2009
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Smoking abstinence differentially affects cognitive functioning in smokers with ADHD, compared to non-ADHD smokers. Alternative approaches for analyzing reaction time data from these tasks may further elucidate important group differences. Adults smoking > ...
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Journal ArticleAm J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet · December 5, 2008
Haplotype-tagging SNP analyses were conducted to identify molecular genetic substrates of quantitative phenotypes derived from performance on a Continuous Performance Task (CPT). Three hundred sixty-four individuals were sampled from 152 families ascertain ...
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Journal ArticleJ Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry · December 2008
OBJECTIVE: In response to previously published findings of methylphenidate-induced chromosomal changes in children, this study was designed to determine whether methylphenidate- or amphetamine-based drugs induce chromosomal damage (structural aberrations, ...
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Journal ArticleAnn N Y Acad Sci · October 2008
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and tobacco smoking are among the most common and costly psychiatric and behavioral problems. The rates of co-occurrence of these two common problems are larger than expected by chance. Despite progress in id ...
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Journal ArticleJ Clin Psychiatry · September 2008
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of 30, 50, and 70 mg/day lisdexamfetamine dimesylate compared with placebo in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). METHOD: Following a 7- to 28-day washout, 420 adults aged 18 to 55 yea ...
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Journal ArticleJ Atten Disord · September 2008
OBJECTIVE: This review explores the relationship between ADHD and substance use disorder (SUD), factors that determine the abuse potential of psychostimulants, and strategies for identifying and treating at-risk ADHD patients. METHOD: This study uses a Med ...
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Journal ArticleCurr Med Res Opin · May 2008
OBJECTIVE: This review addresses the relationship between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and substance use disorders (SUDs), with an emphasis on factors that determine the potential for psychostimulant abuse. Strategies for identification ...
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Journal ArticlePsychopharmacology (Berl) · March 2008
RATIONALE: Individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) smoke at higher rates than the general population; however, little is known about the mechanisms underlying this comorbidity. OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the effects of overnig ...
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Journal ArticleObesity (Silver Spring) · February 2008
OBJECTIVE: This study addressed the hypothesis that variation in genes associated with dopamine function (SLC6A3, DRD2, DRD4), serotonin function (SLC6A4, and regulation of monoamine levels (MAOA) may be predictive of BMI categories (obese and overweight + ...
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Journal ArticleNicotine Tob Res · January 2008
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms are associated with an increased risk of smoking, and genetic studies have identified similar candidate genes associated with both ADHD and smoking phenotypes. This paper addresses the question of wh ...
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Journal ArticleDev Disabil Res Rev · 2008
This article reviews the research literature on psychosocial treatments for preschool-aged children with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in the context of the developmental and contextual needs of this population (e.g., increased parenting ...
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Journal ArticleJ Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol · October 2007
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of methylphenidate (MPH) on functional outcomes, including children's social skills, classroom behavior, emotional status, and parenting stress, during the 4-week, double-blind placebo control ...
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Journal ArticleJ Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol · October 2007
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine immediate-release methylphenidate effectiveness during the 10-month open-label continuation phase of the Preschoolers with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Treatment Study (PATS). METHODS: One ...
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Journal ArticleJ Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol · October 2007
OBJECTIVE: To assess parent-teacher concordance on ratings of DSM-IV symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in a sample of preschool children referred for an ADHD treatment study. METHODS: Parent and teacher symptom ratings were compar ...
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Journal ArticleJ Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol · October 2007
OBJECTIVE: This study examines one-, two-, and three-factor models of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using the existing 18 Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder, 4th edition (DSM-IV) symptoms in a sample of symptomatic presc ...
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Journal ArticleJ Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol · October 2007
OBJECTIVE: In children diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and their parents, who were participants of the Preschool ADHD Treatment Study (PATS), we assessed the effect of source of DNA (from buccal or blood cells) on the genotyp ...
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Journal ArticleJ Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol · October 2007
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine whether demographic or pretreatment clinical and social characteristics influenced the response to methylphenidate (MPH) in the Preschoolers with ADHD Treatment Study (PATS). METHODS: Exploratory moderator an ...
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Journal ArticleAddict Behav · October 2007
Trait impulsivity and response inhibition have been shown to be related to smoking behavior. One measure of response inhibition - antisaccade performance, or the ability to inhibit looking at a novel stimulus - has been shown to be worsened by smoking abst ...
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Journal ArticleJ Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol · October 2007
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to describe the clinical presentation of preschoolers diagnosed with moderate to severe attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) recruited for the multisite Preschool ADHD Treatment Study (PATS). The diagnosis an ...
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Journal ArticleJ Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol · April 2007
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness and tolerability of atomoxetine during acute treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in 5 and 6 year olds. METHOD: Twenty two children (male n = 19, 86%) with ADHD we ...
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Journal ArticleAm J Addict · 2007
The use of psychostimulants to treat attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been controversial for a number of reasons. In an effort to clarify the extent to which the psychostimulant methylphenidate has abuse potential, the existing published ...
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Journal ArticleJ Pediatr Psychol · 2007
OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between retrospectively reported attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and progression to smoking and the association with nicotine dependence. METHODS: Study sample consisted of a nationally represe ...
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Journal ArticleJ Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry · November 2006
OBJECTIVE: To investigate growth of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in the Preschool ADHD Treatment Study (PATS) before and after initiation of treatment with methylphenidate at titrated doses (average, 14.2 mg/day) administer ...
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Journal ArticleJ Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry · November 2006
OBJECTIVE: The Preschool ADHD Treatment Study (PATS) was a NIMH-funded, six-center, randomized, controlled trial to determine the efficacy and safety of immediate-release methylphenidate (MPH-IR), given t.i.d. to children ages 3 to 5.5 years with attention ...
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Journal ArticleJ Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry · November 2006
OBJECTIVE: To report on the safety and tolerability of methylphenidate (MPH) 3- to 5-year-old children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) during 1 year of treatment. METHOD: Exactly 183 children (3-5 years old) entered a treatment study o ...
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Journal ArticleJ Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry · November 2006
OBJECTIVE: To describe the rationale and design of the Preschool ADHD Treatment Study (PATS). METHOD: PATS was a National Institutes of Mental Health-funded, multicenter, randomized, efficacy trial designed to evaluate the short-term (5 weeks) efficacy and ...
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Journal ArticleJ Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry · November 2006
OBJECTIVE: The authors explored genetic moderators of symptom reduction and side effects in methylphenidate-treated preschool-age children diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). METHOD: DNA was isolated from 81 subjects in a double ...
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Journal ArticleJ Atten Disord · February 2006
Although research has been conducted to support the psychometric properties of rating scales used to assess ADHD in adults, little work has been published examining semi-structured interviews to assess ADHD in adults. The present study examined the test-re ...
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Journal ArticleInfants and Young Children · January 1, 2006
Increasingly, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is being recognized as a valid disorder in preschool-aged children. There are only limited data available, however, to provide useful guidelines for the pharmacological management of this impair ...
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Journal ArticleJ Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol · October 2005
OBJECTIVE: The use of methylphenidate (MPH) in the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is widely accepted; however, there is increased concern regarding its abuse potential. Few studies have examined the reinforcing effects of drug ...
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Journal ArticleArch Gen Psychiatry · October 2005
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CONTEXT: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been associated with increased risk of smoking, and some studies have suggested that inattentive symptoms specifically may underlie this risk. Few studies, however, have examined ADHD symptoms in ...
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Journal ArticleJ Atten Disord · August 2005
Mixed amphetamine salts extended release (MAS XR; Adderall XR) and atomoxetine (Strattera) were compared in children 6 to 12 years old with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) combined or hyperactive/impulsive type in a randomized, double-blind ...
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Journal ArticlePsychopharmacology (Berl) · October 2004
RATIONALE: Methylphenidate (MPH) is widely used in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and is associated with positive clinical effects across a wide range of domains. Despite the clinical effectiveness of MPH, concern has aris ...
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Journal ArticlePediatrics · March 2004
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate differences in the pharmacodynamic (PD) profile of 2 second-generation extended-release (ER) formulations of methylphenidate (MPH): Metadate CD (MCD; methylphenidate HCl, US Pharmacopeia) extended-rele ...
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Journal ArticleAddict Behav · August 2003
This study investigated whether a measure of delay discounting was associated with substance use variables in a sample of college students. Participants (N=47) completed a substance use survey and a delay-discounting measure that asked them to make a serie ...
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Journal ArticleJ Clin Psychiatry · 2003
The use of psychostimulants to treat attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been controversial for a number of reasons. In an effort to clarify the extent to which the psychostimulant methylphenidate has abuse potential, the existing published ...
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Journal ArticleBiol Psychiatry · January 15, 2002
BACKGROUND: Despite a substantial nonhuman literature in the area, few studies have experimentally evaluated the effects of repeated stimulant administration in human participants. This study examined the effects of repeated cocaine in individuals with his ...
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Journal ArticlePharmacol Biochem Behav · March 2001
Methylphenidate (MPH) is widely used for the treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children, adolescents, and adults. Methylphenidate is clearly effective for the treatment of ADHD, but there is controversy as to whether it has si ...
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Journal ArticleJ Appl Behav Anal · 2001
Recent basic research on human temporal discounting is reviewed to illustrate procedures, summarize key findings, and draw parallels with both nonhuman animal research and conceptual writings on self-control. Lessons derived from this research are then app ...
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Journal ArticleJ Appl Behav Anal · 2000
The behavior of children diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been hypothesized to be the result of decreased sensitivity to consequences compared to typical children. The present study examined sensitivity to reinforcement in ...
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Journal ArticleBehav Anal · 2000
To evaluate progress and focus goals, scientific disciplines need to identify relations that are robust across many situations. One approach is the literature review, which characterizes generality across studies. Some writers (e.g., Baron & Derenne, 2000) ...
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Journal ArticlePharmacol Biochem Behav · October 1999
The aim of the present experiment was to examine the relationship between the discriminative-stimulus and self-reported effects of drugs in humans. To accomplish this aim, nine healthy adult volunteers (four females, five males) were trained to discriminat ...
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Journal ArticleJ Clin Child Psychol · September 1999
Conducted two studies to examine the interrater reliability, test-retest stability, and the effect of various clinician variables, such as years of clinical experience, theoretical orientation, and prior experience with children, on clinical judgments abou ...
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Journal ArticleJ Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry · September 1999
In recent years it has been suggested that behavior therapy, characterized in part by single-subject designs and an idiographic approach to addressing practical problems, is drifting from its experimental roots. To examine trends in behavior therapy, and t ...
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Journal ArticleBehav Anal · 1999
Derenne and Baron (1999) criticized a quantitative literature review by Kollins, Newland, and Critchfield (1997) and raised several important issues with respect to the integration of single-subject data. In their criticism they argued that the quantitativ ...
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Journal ArticleIndian J Pediatr · 1999
This article is an overview for pediatricians who conduct behavioural assessments of children and adolescents. It identifies the most common behavioural problems encountered by pediatricians and brief descriptions of selected tests that are administered by ...
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Journal ArticleExp Clin Psychopharmacol · November 1998
Despite the demonstrated beneficial effects of methylphenidate and d-amphetamine for the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the discriminative and subjective effects of these compounds in children are not well understood. This st ...
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Journal ArticleExp Clin Psychopharmacol · November 1998
The rate of onset of a drug's effect is an important determinant of its abuse potential. This experiment examined the acute behavioral effects of orally administered sustained-release methylphenidate (SR; 20-40 mg), immediate-release methylphenidate (IR; 2 ...
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Journal ArticleExp Clin Psychopharmacol · February 1998
The discriminative-stimulus and participate-rated effects of a range of doses of d-amphetamine (2.5-20 mg), methylphenidate (5-40 mg), bupropion (50-400 mg), and triazolam (0.0625-0.5 mg) were tested in 5 humans trained to discriminate between oral d-amphe ...
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Journal ArticlePsychon Bull Rev · June 1997
The results of many human operant conditioning experiments appear to show that humans are less sensitive than nonhumans to operant consequences, suggesting species discontinuities in basic behavioral processes. A reanalysis of 31l data sets from 25 studies ...
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Journal ArticlePsychological Record · January 1, 1997
The behavior of children diagnosed with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) has been hypothesized to involve differential sensitivity to parameters of reward and punishment. However, support for these theories has been limited because, in part, ...
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