Scholars@Duke
Allan Douglas Kirk

Allan Douglas Kirk

David C. Sabiston, Jr. Distinguished Professor of Surgery
Surgery, Abdominal Transplant Surgery

Selected Publications

Natural Killer Cell Phenotypes and Clinical Outcomes in Pediatric Kidney Transplantation.

Journal Article Pediatr Transplant · December 2024 BACKGROUND: Natural killer (NK) cells have gained recognition for playing an integral role in both alloimmunity and protective immunity, particularly viral infection control, in solid organ transplantation. Using data from the Clinical Trials in Organ Tran ... Full text Link to item Cite

Surgeon-Scientists Going Extinct: Last Call for Action or Too Late?

Journal Article Ann Surg · November 1, 2024 OBJECTIVE: To define the concept of surgeon-scientists and identify the root causes of their decline in number and impact. The secondary aim was to provide actionable remedies. BACKGROUND: Surgeons who conduct research in addition to patient care are refer ... Full text Link to item Cite

Rapamycin Prevents Expansion of Costimulation Blockade-resistant CD8+ Alloreactive Memory Cells following Depletional Induction in Renal Transplant Recipients.

Journal Article J Immunol · November 1, 2024 Alemtuzumab induction with belatacept/rapamycin-based maintenance immunotherapy (ABR) prevents kidney allograft rejection and specifically limits early costimulation blockade-resistant rejection (CoBRR). To evaluate the mechanisms by which this regimen alt ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Immunomodulation of T cell-mediated alloimmunity by proximity to endothelial cells under the mammalian target of rapamycin blockade.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · October 18, 2024 Endothelial cells (ECs) are an initial barrier between vascularized organ allografts and the host immune system and are thus well positioned to initiate and influence alloimmune rejection. The mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor rapamycin is known to i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Advancing mouse models for transplantation research.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · August 2024 Mouse models have been instrumental in understanding mechanisms of transplant rejection and tolerance, but cross-study reproducibility and translation of experimental findings into effective clinical therapies are issues of concern. The Mouse Models in Tra ... Full text Link to item Cite

Advancing mouse models for transplantation research

Journal Article AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION · 2024 Full text Cite

Immune Phenotype and Postoperative Complications After Elective Surgery.

Journal Article Ann Surg · December 1, 2023 OBJECTIVES: To characterize and quantify accumulating immunologic alterations, pre and postoperatively in patients undergoing elective surgical procedures. BACKGROUND: Elective surgery is an anticipatable, controlled human injury. Although the human respon ... Full text Link to item Cite

Development, Deployment, and Implementation of a Machine Learning Surgical Case Length Prediction Model and Prospective Evaluation.

Journal Article Ann Surg · December 1, 2023 OBJECTIVE: To implement a machine learning model using only the restricted data available at case creation time to predict surgical case length for multiple services at different locations. BACKGROUND: The operating room is one of the most expensive resour ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Defining the Need for Causal Inference to Understand the Impact of Social Determinants of Health: A Primer on Behalf of the Consortium for the Holistic Assessment of Risk in Transplantation (CHART).

Journal Article Ann Surg Open · December 2023 OBJECTIVE: This study aims to introduce key concepts and methods that inform the design of studies that seek to quantify the causal effect of social determinants of health (SDOH) on access to and outcomes following organ transplant. BACKGROUND: The causal ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

American Society of Transplant Surgeons-American Society of Transplantation report of FDA meeting on regulatory expectations for xenotransplantation products.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · September 2023 In June 2022, the US Food and Drug Administration Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research held the 73rd meeting of the Cellular, Tissue, and Gene Therapies Advisory Committee for public discussion of regulatory expectations for xenotransplantation pro ... Full text Link to item Cite

The anti-CD40L monoclonal antibody AT-1501 promotes islet and kidney allograft survival and function in nonhuman primates.

Journal Article Sci Transl Med · August 30, 2023 Prior studies of anti-CD40 ligand (CD40L)-based immunosuppression demonstrated effective prevention of islet and kidney allograft rejection in nonhuman primate models; however, clinical development was halted because of thromboembolic complications. An ant ... Full text Link to item Cite

Xenorecognition and costimulation of porcine endothelium-derived extracellular vesicles in initiating human porcine-specific T cell immune responses.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · July 2023 Porcine vascular endothelial cells (PECs) form a mechanistic centerpiece of xenograft rejection. Here, we determined that resting PECs release swine leukocyte antigen class I (SLA-I) but not swine leukocyte antigen class-II DR (SLA-DR) expressing extracell ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

A random forest model using flow cytometry data identifies pulmonary infection after thoracic injury.

Journal Article J Trauma Acute Care Surg · July 1, 2023 BACKGROUND: Thoracic injury can cause impairment of lung function leading to respiratory complications such as pneumonia (PNA). There is increasing evidence that central memory T cells of the adaptive immune system play a key role in pulmonary immunity. We ... Full text Link to item Cite

A comparison of deprivation indices and application to transplant populations.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · March 2023 The choice of deprivation index can influence conclusions drawn regarding the extent of deprivation within a community and the identification of the most deprived communities in the United States. This study aimed to determine the degree of correlation amo ... Full text Link to item Cite

The John S. Najarian symposium: The past, present, and future of surgery and transplantation, May 20, 2022, Minneapolis, MN.

Journal Article Clin Transplant · March 2023 Dr John S Najarian (1927-2020), chairman of the Department of Surgery at the University of Minnesota from 1967 to 1993, was a pioneer in surgery, clinical immunology and transplantation. A Covid-delayed Festschrift was held in his honor on May 20, 2022. Th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mechanisms of Allograft Rejection and Tolerance/Immunosenescence

Chapter · January 1, 2023 All transplanted allografts undergo immune-mediated rejection unless the recipient immune response is modified in some way. Induction of immune tolerance is an oft-touted goal in the field of organ transplantation. This chapter highlights the mechanisms of ... Full text Cite

Regulation of the Development of Cd4+cd57+pd1-Cells by Il-7/il-15/mtor Pathway

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION · 2023 Cite

Belatacept-Based Maintenance Immunosuppression Controls the Post-Transplant Humoral Immune Response in Highly Sensitized Nonhuman Primates.

Journal Article Kidney360 · December 29, 2022 Preexisting donor-specific antibodies (DSA) to MHC antigens increase the risk of antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) in sensitized transplant recipients and reduces graft survival. Pretransplant desensitization with costimulation blockade and proteasome inhi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Malnutrition and immune cell subsets in children undergoing kidney transplantation.

Journal Article Pediatr Transplant · December 2022 BACKGROUND: Malnutrition, including obesity and undernutrition, among children is increasing in prevalence and is common among children on renal replacement therapy. The effect of malnutrition on the pre-transplant immune system and how the pediatric immun ... Full text Link to item Cite

Multidimensional machine learning models predicting outcomes after trauma.

Journal Article Surgery · December 2022 BACKGROUND: An emerging body of literature supports the role of individualized prognostic tools to guide the management of patients after trauma. The aim of this study was to develop advanced modeling tools from multidimensional data sources, including imm ... Full text Link to item Cite

Age and Comorbidities Predict COVID-19 Outcome, Regardless of Innate Immune Response Severity: A Single Institutional Cohort Study.

Journal Article Crit Care Explor · December 2022 UNLABELLED: The COVID-19 pandemic has claimed over eight hundred thousand lives in the United States alone, with older individuals and those with comorbidities being at higher risk of severe disease and death. Although severe acute respiratory syndrome cor ... Full text Link to item Cite

Social Determinants of Health Data Capture Within National and Health System Data Sources

Conference Journal of the American College of Surgeons · November 2022 Full text Cite

Social determinants of health data in solid organ transplantation: National data sources and future directions.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · October 2022 Health equity research in transplantation has largely relied on national data sources, yet the availability of social determinants of health (SDOH) data varies widely among these sources. We sought to characterize the extent to which national data sources ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cellular microRNAs correlate with clinical parameters in multiple injury patients.

Journal Article J Trauma Acute Care Surg · October 1, 2022 INTRODUCTION: The pathophysiology of the inflammatory response after major trauma is complex, and the magnitude correlates with severity of tissue injury and outcomes. Study of infection-mediated immune pathways has demonstrated that cellular microRNAs may ... Full text Link to item Cite

Introducing thymus for promoting transplantation tolerance.

Journal Article J Allergy Clin Immunol · September 2022 Establishing tolerance remains a central, if elusive, goal of transplantation. In solid-organ transplantation, one strategy for inducing tolerance has been cotransplantation of various forms of thymic tissue along with another organ. As one of the biologic ... Full text Link to item Cite

A Multidimensional Bioinformatic Platform for the Study of Human Response to Surgery.

Journal Article Ann Surg · June 1, 2022 OBJECTIVE: To design and establish a prospective biospecimen repository that integrates multi-omics assays with clinical data to study mechanisms of controlled injury and healing. BACKGROUND: Elective surgery is an opportunity to understand both the system ... Full text Link to item Cite

IFI16-STING-NF-κB signaling controls exogenous mitochondrion-induced endothelial activation.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · June 2022 Mitochondria released from injured cells activate endothelial cells (ECs), fostering inflammatory processes, including allograft rejection. The stimulator of interferon genes (STING) senses endogenous mitochondrial DNA, triggering innate immune activation ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Modulation of Xenogeneic T-cell Proliferation by B7 and mTOR Blockade of T Cells and Porcine Endothelial Cells.

Journal Article Transplantation · May 1, 2022 BACKGROUND: Activation of porcine endothelial cells (PECs) is the mechanistic centerpiece of xenograft rejection. This study sought to characterize the immuno-phenotype of human T cells in response to PECs and to explore the immuno-modulation of B7 and mam ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Erratum.

Journal Article Xenotransplantation · May 2022 Full text Link to item Cite

When pigs fly.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · April 2022 Full text Link to item Cite

Viral Micro-RNAs Are Detected in the Early Systemic Response to Injury and Are Associated With Outcomes in Polytrauma Patients.

Journal Article Crit Care Med · February 1, 2022 OBJECTIVES: To evaluate early activation of latent viruses in polytrauma patients and consider prognostic value of viral micro-RNAs in these patients. DESIGN: This was a subset analysis from a prospectively collected multicenter trauma database. Blood samp ... Full text Link to item Cite

Single-Cell-Based High-Throughput Ig and TCR Repertoire Sequencing Analysis in Rhesus Macaques.

Journal Article J Immunol · February 1, 2022 Recent advancements in microfluidics and high-throughput sequencing technologies have enabled recovery of paired H and L chains of Igs and VDJ and VJ chains of TCRs from thousands of single cells simultaneously in humans and mice. Despite rhesus macaques b ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prediction of venous thromboembolism using clinical and serum biomarker data from a military cohort of trauma patients.

Journal Article BMJ Mil Health · December 2021 INTRODUCTION: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a frequent complication of trauma associated with high mortality and morbidity. Clinicians lack appropriate tools for stratifying trauma patients for VTE, thus have yet to be able to predict when to intervene. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Undernutrition and Hypoleptinemia Modulate Alloimmunity and CMV-specific Viral Immunity in Transplantation.

Journal Article Transplantation · December 1, 2021 BACKGROUND: Immunological mechanisms linking undernutrition to infection and the alloimmune response are poorly understood in transplantation. We aimed to determine how undernutrition and hypoleptinemia impact T-cell allospecific and cytomegalovirus (CMV) ... Full text Link to item Cite

Massive Transfusion Protocol Predictive Modeling in the Modern Electronic Medical Record.

Journal Article Ann Surg Open · December 2021 OBJECTIVES: Integrate a predictive model for massive transfusion protocol (MTP) activation and delivery in the electronic medical record (EMR) using prospectively gathered data; externally validate the model and assess the accuracy and precision of the mod ... Full text Link to item Cite

Predicting the need for massive transfusion: Prospective validation of a smartphone-based clinical decision support tool.

Journal Article Surgery · November 2021 BACKGROUND: Improper or delayed activation of a massive transfusion protocol may have consequences to individuals and institutions. We designed a complex predictive algorithm that was packaged within a smartphone application. We hypothesized it would accur ... Full text Link to item Cite

Anti-thymoglobulin induction improves neonatal porcine xenoislet engraftment and survival.

Journal Article Xenotransplantation · November 2021 Porcine islet xenotransplantation is a viable strategy to treat diabetes. Its translation has been limited by the pre-clinical development of a clinically available immunosuppressive regimen. We tested two clinically relevant induction agents in a non-huma ... Full text Link to item Cite

Age-related effects on thymic output and homeostatic T cell expansion following depletional induction in renal transplant recipients.

Journal Article American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · September 2021 Thymic output and homeostatic mature cell proliferation both influence T cell repopulation following depletional induction, though the relative contribution of each and their association with recipient age have not been well studied. We investigated the re ... Full text Open Access Cite

Immune response profiling in patients with traumatic injuries associated with alcohol ingestion.

Journal Article Clin Transl Sci · September 2021 Traumatic injuries afflict more than 5 million people globally every year. Current and past animal research has demonstrated association among alcohol, trauma, and impaired immune function, whereas human registries have shown association between alcohol an ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

A comparative study of human-and rhesus-specific antithymocyte globulins in Rhesus macaques.

Journal Article Clin Transplant · August 2021 Rabbit antithymocyte globulin (RATG) preparations are widely used in transplantation. They are developed in vivo against thymocytes and contain polyclonal antibodies specific for myriad cellular targets. The rhesus monkey is commonly used as a preclinical ... Full text Link to item Cite

An integrative model using flow cytometry identifies nosocomial infection after trauma.

Journal Article J Trauma Acute Care Surg · July 1, 2021 BACKGROUND: Flow cytometry (FCM) is a rapid diagnostic tool for monitoring immune cell function. We sought to determine if assessment of cell phenotypes using standardized FCM could be used to identify nosocomial infection after trauma. METHODS: Prospectiv ... Full text Link to item Cite

Eudaimonia: An Aristotelian approach to transplantation.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · June 2021 Despite extraordinary achievements in over the past 20 years, the field of transplantation remains hindered by relatively narrow metrics for success. Eudaimonia is an Aristotelian concept that refers to flourishing, or achieving the best conditions possibl ... Full text Link to item Cite

Optimization of de novo belatacept-based immunosuppression administered to renal transplant recipients.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · May 2021 Kidney transplant recipients administered belatacept-based maintenance immunosuppression present with a more favorable metabolic profile, reduced incidence of de novo donor-specific antibodies (DSAs), and improved renal function and long-term patient/graft ... Full text Link to item Cite

Coagulation, inflammation, and CD46 transgene expression in neonatal porcine islet xenotransplantation.

Journal Article Xenotransplantation · May 2021 BACKGROUND: Thrombosis is a known consequence of intraportal islet transplantation, particularly for xenogeneic islets. To define the origins of thrombosis after islet xenotransplantation and relate it to early inflammation, we examined porcine islets tran ... Full text Link to item Cite

Functional Characteristics and Phenotypic Plasticity of CD57+PD1- CD4 T Cells and Their Relationship with Transplant Immunosuppression.

Journal Article J Immunol · April 1, 2021 Costimulation blockade (CoB)-based immunosuppression offers the promise of improved transplantation outcomes with reduced drug toxicity. However, it is hampered by early acute rejections, mediated at least in part by differentiated, CoB-resistant T cells, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Early experience with universal preprocedural testing for SARS-CoV-2 in a relatively low-prevalence area.

Journal Article Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol · March 2021 We implemented universal severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) testing of patients undergoing surgical procedures as a means to conserve personal protective equipment (PPE). The rate of asymptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19 ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Vascularized composite allotransplants as a mechanistic model for allograft rejection - an experimental study.

Journal Article Transpl Int · March 2021 Vascularized composite allotransplants (VCAs) seem to have several unique features of clinical and experimental importance, including uniquely definable lymphatic drainage that can be easily accessed at the level of ipsilateral regional node beds. Thus, VC ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Legacy of Joseph A. Moylan, M.D.: "It's About Everyone Else".

Journal Article Ann Surg Open · March 2021 The history of modern American surgery is marked by larger-than-life pioneers who have made transformative contributions to our field. These extraordinary individuals have been known primarily for their technical and clinical mastery, development of novel ... Full text Link to item Cite

Relationship between antithymocyte globulin, T cell phenotypes, and clinical outcomes in pediatric kidney transplantation.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · February 2021 Depletional induction using antithymocyte globulin (ATG) reduces rates of acute rejection in adult kidney transplant recipients, yet little is known about its effects in children. Using a longitudinal cohort of 103 patients in the Immune Development in Ped ... Full text Link to item Cite

Association of a Network of Immunologic Response and Clinical Features With the Functional Recovery From Crotalinae Snakebite Envenoming.

Journal Article Front Immunol · 2021 BACKGROUND: The immunologic pathways activated during snakebite envenoming (SBE) are poorly described, and their association with recovery is unclear. The immunologic response in SBE could inform a prognostic model to predict recovery. The purpose of this ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Measuring the Impact of Targeting FcRn-Mediated IgG Recycling on Donor-Specific Alloantibodies in a Sensitized NHP Model.

Journal Article Front Immunol · 2021 BACKGROUND: In transplantation, plasmapheresis and IVIg provide the mainstay of treatment directed at reducing or removing circulating donor-specific antibody (DSA), yet both have limitations. We sought to test the efficacy of targeting the IgG recycling m ... Full text Link to item Cite

Kidney transplantation using alemtuzumab, belatacept, and sirolimus: Five-year follow-up.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · December 2020 Kidney transplant outcomes are limited by toxicities associated with calcineurin inhibitors and steroids. This trial was conducted to determine whether a costimulation blockade (CoB)-based regimen could achieve acceptable long-term outcomes and graft survi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Modulating the wayward T cell: New horizons with immune checkpoint inhibitor treatments in autoimmunity, transplant, and cancer.

Journal Article J Autoimmun · December 2020 The T-cell response is regulated by the balance between costimulatory and coinhibitory signals. Immune checkpoints are essential for efficient T-cell activation, but also for maintaining self-tolerance and protecting tissues from damage caused by the immun ... Full text Link to item Cite

Th17 cell inhibition in a costimulation blockade-based regimen for vascularized composite allotransplantation using a nonhuman primate model.

Journal Article Transpl Int · October 2020 Vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA) is challenged by the morbidity of immunosuppression required to prevent rejection. The use of highly specific biologics has not been well explored in VCA. Given that psoriasis is T-cell mediated, as is rejec ... Full text Link to item Cite

Clinical risk factors and inflammatory biomarkers of post-traumatic acute kidney injury in combat patients.

Journal Article Surgery · October 2020 BACKGROUND: Post-traumatic acute kidney injury has occurred in every major military conflict since its initial description during World War II. To ensure the proper treatment of combat casualties, early detection is critical. This study therefore aimed to ... Full text Link to item Cite

Immunosuppression Withdrawal in Liver Transplant Recipients on Sirolimus.

Journal Article Hepatology · August 2020 BACKGROUND AND AIMS: As conversion from calcineurin inhibitor to sirolimus (SRL), a mechanistic target of rapamycin inhibitor (mTOR-I), has been shown to enhance immunoregulatory profiles in liver transplant (LT) recipients (LTRs), mTOR-I therapy might all ... Full text Link to item Cite

Advanced Modeling to Predict Pneumonia in Combat Trauma Patients.

Journal Article World J Surg · July 2020 BACKGROUND: Tools to assist clinicians in predicting pneumonia could lead to a significant decline in morbidity. Therefore, we sought to develop a model in combat trauma patients for identifying those at highest risk of pneumonia. METHODS: This was a retro ... Full text Link to item Cite

Correction to: Advanced Modeling to Predict Pneumonia in Combat Trauma Patients.

Journal Article World J Surg · July 2020 In the original article, the units indicated on the y-axes of Fig. 3 are incorrectly labelled. The correct label is pg/mL. Following is the corrected Fig. 3. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cultured thymus tissue implantation promotes donor-specific tolerance to allogeneic heart transplants.

Journal Article JCI Insight · June 4, 2020 Eighty-six infants born without a thymus have been treated with allogeneic cultured thymus tissue implantation (CTTI). These infants, who lack T cells and are profoundly immunodeficient at birth, after CTTI from an unmatched donor develop T cells similar t ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Rejection of xenogeneic porcine islets in humanized mice is characterized by graft-infiltrating Th17 cells and activated B cells.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · June 2020 Xenogeneic porcine islet transplantation is a promising potential therapy for type 1 diabetes (T1D). Understanding human immune responses against porcine islets is crucial for the design of optimal immunomodulatory regimens for effective control of xenogen ... Full text Link to item Cite

The best transplant strategy? It depends.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · May 2020 Full text Link to item Cite

Roadmap for Transforming Preoperative Assessment to Preoperative Optimization.

Journal Article Anesth Analg · April 2020 Preoperative assessment typically equates to evaluating and accepting the presenting condition of the patient (unless extreme) and commonly occurs only a few days before the planned surgery. While this timing enables a preoperative history and examination ... Full text Link to item Cite

Tailored use of belatacept in adolescent kidney transplantation.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · March 2020 Adolescent transplant recipients are at risk for nonadherence, development of de novo donor-specific antibody (dnDSA), and allograft loss. Belatacept, a selective T cell costimulatory blocker, is associated with reduced dnDSA, improved renal function, and ... Full text Link to item Cite

B cell reconstitution following alemtuzumab induction under a belatacept-based maintenance regimen.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · March 2020 Lymphocyte depletion has been shown to control costimulation blockade-resistant rejection but, in some settings, to exacerbate antibody-mediated rejection (AMR). We have used alemtuzumab, which depletes T and B cells, combined with belatacept and rapamycin ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assessing Quality of Surgical Real-World Data from an Automated Electronic Health Record Pipeline.

Journal Article J Am Coll Surg · March 2020 BACKGROUND: Significant analysis errors can be caused by nonvalidated data quality of electronic health records data. To determine surgical data fitness, a framework of foundational and study-specific data analyses was adapted and assessed using conformanc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Driving biology: The effect of standardized wound management on wound biomarker profiles.

Journal Article J Trauma Acute Care Surg · March 2020 BACKGROUND: The timing of coverage of an open wound is based on heavily on clinical gestalt. DoD's Surgical Critical Care Initiative created a clinical decision support tool that predicts wound closure success using clinical and biomarker data. The militar ... Full text Link to item Cite

An age-independent gene signature for monitoring acute rejection in kidney transplantation.

Journal Article Theranostics · 2020 Acute rejection (AR) remains a significant problem that negatively impacts long-term renal allograft survival. Numerous therapies are used to prevent AR that differ by center and recipient age. This variability confounds diagnostic methods. Methods: To dev ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Undernutrition and Hypoleptinemia Modulate Cytomegalovirus Infection

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION · 2020 Cite

Characterization of Cellular and Viral MicroRNA in Polytrauma Patients

Conference JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS · 2020 Cite

The role of human CD46 in early xenoislet engraftment in a dual transplant model.

Journal Article Xenotransplantation · November 2019 BACKGROUND: Membrane cofactor protein CD46 attenuates the complement cascade by facilitating cleavage of C3b and C4b. In solid organ xenotransplantation, organs expressing CD46 have been shown to resist hyperacute rejection. However, the incremental value ... Full text Link to item Cite

Random forest modeling can predict infectious complications following trauma laparotomy.

Conference J Trauma Acute Care Surg · November 2019 BACKGROUND: Identifying clinical and biomarker profiles of trauma patients may facilitate the creation of models that predict postoperative complications. We sought to determine the utility of modeling for predicting severe sepsis (SS) and organ space infe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assessing Quality of Real-World Data Supplied by an Automated Surgical Data Pipeline

Conference JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS · October 1, 2019 Link to item Cite

Utilizing Precision Medicine to Estimate Timing for Surgical Closure of Traumatic Extremity Wounds.

Journal Article Ann Surg · September 2019 BACKGROUND: Both the frequency and high complication rates associated with extremity wounds in recent military conflicts have highlighted the need for clinical decision support tools (CDST) to decrease time to wound closure and wound failure rates. METHODS ... Full text Link to item Cite

Damage- and pathogen-associated molecular patterns play differential roles in late mortality after critical illness.

Journal Article JCI Insight · August 22, 2019 Multiple organ failure (MOF) is the leading cause of late mortality and morbidity in patients who are admitted to intensive care units (ICUs). However, there is an epidemiologic discrepancy in the mechanism of underlying immunologic derangement dependent o ... Full text Link to item Cite

Secondary lymphoid tissue and costimulation-blockade resistant rejection: A nonhuman primate renal transplant study.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · August 2019 Naïve T cell activation requires antigen presentation combined with costimulation through CD28, both of which optimally occur in secondary lymphoid tissues such as lymph nodes and the spleen. Belatacept impairs CD28 costimulation by binding its ligands, CD ... Full text Link to item Cite

Circulating mitochondria in organ donors promote allograft rejection.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · July 2019 The innate immune system is a critical regulator of the adaptive immune responses that lead to allograft rejection. It is increasingly recognized that endogenous molecules released from tissue injury and cell death are potent activators of innate immunity. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Corticosteroids and methotrexate as adjuvants to costimulation blockade in non-human primate renal transplantation.

Journal Article Clin Transplant · June 2019 Belatacept, the CD28-B7 costimulation pathway inhibitor, has been approved as a calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) alternative in kidney transplantation. Although costimulation blockade (CoB) allows for CNI avoidance, it is associated with increased rates of earl ... Full text Link to item Cite

Kidney Xenotransplantation: Steps toward Clinical Application.

Journal Article Clin J Am Soc Nephrol · April 5, 2019 Full text Link to item Cite

NK Cells Are Associated with Alloimmune Failure in Transplanted Children.

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION · April 1, 2019 Link to item Cite

Extracellular Mitochondrial DNA and N-Formyl Peptides in Trauma and Critical Illness: A Systematic Review.

Journal Article Crit Care Med · December 2018 OBJECTIVES: Extracellular mitochondrial DNA and N-formyl peptides released following tissue damage may contribute to systemic inflammation through stimulation of the innate immune system. In this review, we evaluate existing in vivo human data regarding a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Toll-like receptor activation as a biomarker in traumatically injured patients.

Journal Article J Surg Res · November 2018 BACKGROUND: Surgical insult and trauma have been shown to cause dysregulation of the immune and inflammatory responses. Interaction of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) with toll-like receptors (TLRs) initiates innate immune response and systemi ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

C4: An experiment in academic dialogue.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · November 2018 Full text Link to item Cite

De novo belatacept in clinical vascularized composite allotransplantation.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · July 2018 Most immunosuppressive regimens used in clinical vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA) have been calcineurin inhibitor (CNI)-based. As such, most recipients have experienced CNI-related side effects. Costimulation blockade, specifically CD28/B7 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Early barriers to neonatal porcine islet engraftment in a dual transplant model.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · April 2018 Porcine islet xenografts have the potential to provide an inexhaustible source of islets for β cell replacement. Proof-of-concept has been established in nonhuman primates. However, significant barriers to xenoislet transplantation remain, including the po ... Full text Link to item Cite

IL-7 receptor heterogeneity as a mechanism for repertoire change during postdepletional homeostatic proliferation and its relation to costimulation blockade-resistant rejection.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · March 2018 Kidney transplant patients treated with belatacept without depletional induction experience higher rates of acute rejection compared to patients treated with conventional immunosuppression. Costimulation blockade-resistant rejection (CoBRR) is associated w ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Uniformed Services University's Surgical Critical Care Initiative (SC2i): Bringing Precision Medicine to the Critically Ill.

Conference Mil Med · March 1, 2018 Precision medicine endeavors to leverage all available medical data in pursuit of individualized diagnostic and therapeutic plans to improve patient outcomes in a cost-effective manner. Its promise in the field of critical care remains incompletely realize ... Full text Link to item Cite

Fatal SV40-associated pneumonia and nephropathy following renal allotransplantation in rhesus macaque.

Journal Article J Med Primatol · February 2018 Recrudescence of latent and dormant viruses may lead to overwhelming viremia in immunosuppressed hosts. In immunocompromised hosts, Simian virus 40 (SV40) reactivation is known to cause nephritis and demyelinating central nervous system disease. Here, we r ... Full text Link to item Cite

Peripheral blood detection of systemic graft-specific xeno-antibodies following transplantation of human neural progenitor cells into the porcine spinal cord.

Journal Article J Clin Neurosci · February 2018 Extensive pre-clinical and clinical studies have searched for therapeutic efficacy of cell-based therapeutics in diseases of the Central Nervous System (CNS) with no other viable options. Allogeneic cells represent the primary source of these therapies and ... Full text Link to item Cite

T Cell Repertoire Maturation Induced by Persistent and Latent Viral Infection Is Insufficient to Induce Costimulation Blockade Resistant Organ Allograft Rejection in Mice.

Journal Article Front Immunol · 2018 CD28:CD80/86 pathway costimulation blockade (CoB) with the CD80/86-specific fusion protein CTLA4-Ig prevents T cell-mediated allograft rejection in mice. However, in humans, transplantation with CoB has been hampered by CoB-resistant rejection (CoBRR). CoB ... Full text Link to item Cite

IL-21 Biased Alemtuzumab Induced Chronic Antibody-Mediated Rejection Is Reversed by LFA-1 Costimulation Blockade.

Journal Article Front Immunol · 2018 Despite its excellent efficacy in controlling T cell mediated acute rejection, lymphocyte depletion may promote a humoral response. While T cell repopulation after depletion has been evaluated in many aspects, the B cell response has not been fully elucida ... Full text Link to item Cite

Successful desensitization with proteasome inhibition and costimulation blockade in sensitized nonhuman primates.

Journal Article Blood Adv · November 14, 2017 The detrimental effects of donor-directed antibodies in sensitized transplant patients remain a difficult immunologic barrier to successful organ transplantation. Antibody removal is often followed by rebound. Proteasome inhibitors (PIs) deplete antibody-p ... Full text Link to item Cite

Belatacept Combined With Transient Calcineurin Inhibitor Therapy Prevents Rejection and Promotes Improved Long-Term Renal Allograft Function.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · November 2017 Belatacept, a T cell costimulation blocker, demonstrated superior renal function, lower cardiovascular risk, and improved graft and patient survival in renal transplant recipients. Despite the potential benefits, adoption of belatacept has been limited in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Towards precision medicine: Accurate predictive modeling of infectious complications in combat casualties.

Journal Article J Trauma Acute Care Surg · October 2017 BACKGROUND: The biomarker profile of trauma patients may allow for the creation of models to assist bedside decision making and prediction of complications. We sought to determine the utility of modeling in the prediction of bacteremia and pneumonia in com ... Full text Link to item Cite

Relationship Among Viremia/Viral Infection, Alloimmunity, and Nutritional Parameters in the First Year After Pediatric Kidney Transplantation.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · June 2017 The Immune Development in Pediatric Transplantation (IMPACT) study was conducted to evaluate relationships among alloimmunity, protective immunity, immune development, physical parameters, and clinical outcome in children undergoing kidney transplantation. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Selective Targeting of High-Affinity LFA-1 Does Not Augment Costimulation Blockade in a Nonhuman Primate Renal Transplantation Model.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · May 2017 Costimulation blockade (CoB) via belatacept is a lower-morbidity alternative to calcineurin inhibitor (CNI)-based immunosuppression. However, it has higher rates of early acute rejection. These early rejections are mediated in part by memory T cells, which ... Full text Link to item Cite

Precision diagnosis: a view of the clinical decision support systems (CDSS) landscape through the lens of critical care.

Journal Article J Clin Monit Comput · April 2017 Improving diagnosis and treatment depends on clinical monitoring and computing. Clinical decision support systems (CDSS) have been in existence for over 50 years. While the literature points to positive impacts on quality and patient safety, outcomes, and ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Knife's Edge of Tolerance: Inducing Stable Multilineage Mixed Chimerism but With a Significant Risk of CMV Reactivation and Disease in Rhesus Macaques.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · March 2017 Although stable mixed-hematopoietic chimerism induces robust immune tolerance to solid organ allografts in mice, the translation of this strategy to large animal models and to patients has been challenging. We have previously shown that in MHC-matched nonh ... Full text Link to item Cite

Changes in Urinary Microbiome Populations Correlate in Kidney Transplants With Interstitial Fibrosis and Tubular Atrophy Documented in Early Surveillance Biopsies.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · March 2017 An unbalanced microbiome may lead to disease by creating aberrant immune responses. A recent association of cellular rejection with the development of interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IFTA) suggests the role of immune-mediated tissue injury. We h ... Full text Link to item Cite

Nucleic acid scavenging microfiber mesh inhibits trauma-induced inflammation and thrombosis.

Journal Article Biomaterials · March 2017 Trauma patients produce a host of danger signals and high levels of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) after cellular injury and tissue damage. These DAMPs are directly and indirectly involved in the pathogenesis of various inflammatory and throm ... Full text Link to item Cite

Premature T Cell Senescence in Pediatric CKD.

Journal Article J Am Soc Nephrol · January 2017 An individual's immune function, susceptibility to infection, and response to immunosuppressive therapy are influenced in part by his/her T cell maturation state. Although childhood is the most dynamic period of immune maturation, scant information regardi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Expression of Mitochondrial-Encoded Genes in Blood Differentiate Acute Renal Allograft Rejection.

Journal Article Front Med (Lausanne) · 2017 Despite potent immunosuppression, clinical and biopsy confirmed acute renal allograft rejection (AR) still occurs in 10-15% of recipients, ~30% of patients demonstrate subclinical rejection on biopsy, and ~50% of them can show molecular inflammation, all w ... Full text Link to item Cite

DAMP-Induced Allograft and Tumor Rejection: The Circle Is Closing.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · December 2016 The pathophysiological importance of the immunogenicity of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) has been pinpointed by their identification as triggers of allograft rejection following release from dying cells, such as after ischemia-reperfusion in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Toll-Like Receptor Signaling as a Prognostic Tool in Trauma Patients

Conference Journal of the American College of Surgeons · October 2016 Full text Cite

Rapamycin Interferes With Postdepletion Regulatory T Cell Homeostasis and Enhances DSA Formation Corrected by CTLA4-Ig.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · September 2016 Previously, we demonstrated that alemtuzumab induction with rapamycin as sole maintenance therapy is associated with an increased incidence of humoral rejection in human kidney transplant patients. To investigate the role of rapamycin in posttransplant hum ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Cryopreserved Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Are Susceptible to T-Cell Mediated Apoptosis Which Is Partly Rescued by IFNγ Licensing.

Journal Article Stem Cells · September 2016 We have previously demonstrated that cryopreservation and thawing lead to altered Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) functionalities. Here, we further analyzed MSC's fitness post freeze-thaw. We have observed that thawed MSC can suppress T-cell proliferation ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Precision Medicine for Critical Illness and Injury.

Journal Article Crit Care Med · September 2016 Full text Link to item Cite

Introducing the Wiley Transplant Peer Review Network.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · September 2016 Full text Link to item Cite

Introducing the Wiley Transplant Peer Review Network.

Journal Article Pediatr Transplant · September 2016 Full text Link to item Cite

Introducing the Wiley Transplant Peer Review Network.

Journal Article Transpl Infect Dis · August 2016 Full text Link to item Cite

Memory T cells in organ transplantation: progress and challenges.

Journal Article Nat Rev Nephrol · June 2016 Antigen-experienced T cells, also known as memory T cells, are functionally and phenotypically distinct from naive T cells. Their enhanced expression of adhesion molecules and reduced requirement for co-stimulation enables them to mount potent and rapid re ... Full text Link to item Cite

Anti-Leukocyte Function-Associated Antigen 1 Therapy in a Nonhuman Primate Renal Transplant Model of Costimulation Blockade-Resistant Rejection.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · May 2016 Featured Publication Costimulation blockade with the fusion protein belatacept provides a desirable side effect profile and improvement in renal function compared with calcineurin inhibition in renal transplantation. This comes at the cost of increased rates of early acute rej ... Full text Link to item Cite

CD57(+) CD4 T Cells Underlie Belatacept-Resistant Allograft Rejection.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · April 2016 Featured Publication Belatacept is a B7-specific fusion protein used to prevent allograft rejection by blocking T cell costimulation. Generally efficacious, it fails to prevent acute rejection in a sizable minority of patients. In experimental models, memory T cells mediate co ... Full text Link to item Cite

Postdepletion Lymphocyte Reconstitution During Belatacept and Rapamycin Treatment in Kidney Transplant Recipients.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · February 2016 Featured Publication Belatacept is used to prevent allograft rejection but fails to do so in a sizable minority of patients due to inadequate control of costimulation-resistant T cells. In this study, we report control of costimulation-resistant rejection when belatacept was c ... Full text Link to item Cite

APOL1 Genotype and Kidney Transplantation Outcomes From Deceased African American Donors.

Journal Article Transplantation · January 2016 Featured Publication BACKGROUND: Two apolipoprotein L1 gene (APOL1) renal-risk variants in donors and African American (AA) recipient race are associated with worse allograft survival in deceased-donor kidney transplantation (DDKT) from AA donors. To detect other factors impac ... Full text Link to item Cite

First update of the International Xenotransplantation Association consensus statement on conditions for undertaking clinical trials of porcine islet products in type 1 diabetes--Chapter 4: pre-clinical efficacy and complication data required to justify a clinical trial.

Journal Article Xenotransplantation · 2016 Featured Publication In 2009, the International Xenotransplantation Association (IXA) published a consensus document that provided guidelines and "recommendations" (not regulations) for those contemplating clinical trials of porcine islet transplantation. These guidelines incl ... Full text Link to item Cite

Deceased-Donor Apolipoprotein L1 Renal-Risk Variants Have Minimal Effects on Liver Transplant Outcomes.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2016 BACKGROUND: Apolipoprotein L1 gene (APOL1) G1 and G2 renal-risk variants, common in populations with recent African ancestry, are strongly associated with non-diabetic nephropathy, end-stage kidney disease, and shorter allograft survival in deceased-donor ... Full text Link to item Cite

Longitudinal studies of a B cell-derived signature of tolerance in renal transplant recipients.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · November 2015 Biomarkers of transplant tolerance would enhance the safety and feasibility of clinical tolerance trials and potentially facilitate management of patients receiving immunosuppression. To this end, we examined blood from spontaneously tolerant renal transpl ... Full text Link to item Cite

Immunologic Aging in Adults with Congenital Heart Disease: Does Infant Sternotomy Matter?

Journal Article Pediatr Cardiol · October 2015 Featured Publication Thymectomy is performed routinely in infants undergoing cardiothoracic surgery. Children post-sternotomy have decreased numbers of T lymphocytes, although the mechanisms involved and long-term consequences of this have not been defined. We hypothesized tha ... Full text Link to item Cite

Immune responses to transplants

Chapter · September 12, 2015 Organ transplantation is the accepted and indeed the preferred treatment for most forms of end-stage organ failure. While the function of the immune system may be to protect against infection or "danger", the immune system, if not suppressed, also efficien ... Full text Cite

Deceased donor multidrug resistance protein 1 and caveolin 1 gene variants may influence allograft survival in kidney transplantation.

Journal Article Kidney Int · September 2015 Variants in donor multidrug resistance protein 1 (ABCB1) and caveolin 1 (CAV1) genes are associated with renal allograft failure after transplantation in Europeans. Here we assessed transplantation outcomes of kidneys from 368 African American (AA) and 314 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Lessons of War: Turning Data Into Decisions.

Journal Article EBioMedicine · September 2015 BACKGROUND: Recent conflicts in Afghanistan and Iraq produced a substantial number of critically wounded service-members. We collected biomarker and clinical information from 73 patients who sustained 116 life-threatening combat wounds, and sought to deter ... Full text Link to item Cite

Tacrolimus to Belatacept Conversion Following Hand Transplantation: A Case Report.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · August 2015 Featured Publication Vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA) has emerged as a viable limb replacement strategy for selected patients with upper limb amputation. However, allograft rejection has been seen in essentially all reported VCA recipients indicating a requirem ... Full text Link to item Cite

Studies Introducing Costimulation Blockade for Vascularized Composite Allografts in Nonhuman Primates.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · August 2015 Featured Publication Vascularized composite allografts (VCAs) are technically feasible. Similar to other organ transplants, VCAs are hampered by the toxicity and incomplete efficacy associated with conventional immunosuppression. Complications attributable to calcineurin inhib ... Full text Link to item Cite

CMV reactivation drives posttransplant T-cell reconstitution and results in defects in the underlying TCRβ repertoire.

Journal Article Blood · June 18, 2015 Although cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation has long been implicated in posttransplant immune dysfunction, the molecular mechanisms that drive this phenomenon remain undetermined. To address this, we combined multiparameter flow cytometric analysis and T-c ... Full text Link to item Cite

CMV reactivation drives posttransplant T-cell reconstitution and results in defects in the underlying TCRbeta repertoire

Journal Article Blood · June 18, 2015 Although cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation has long been implicated in posttransplant immune dysfunction, the molecular mechanisms that drive this phenomenon remain undetermined. To address this, we combined multiparameter flow cytometric analysis and T-c ... Cite

Viral-induced CD28 loss evokes costimulation independent alloimmunity.

Journal Article J Surg Res · June 15, 2015 Featured Publication BACKGROUND: Belatacept, a B7-specific fusion protein, blocks CD28-B7 costimulation and prevents kidney allograft rejection. However, it is ineffective in a sizable minority of patients. Although T-cell receptor and CD28 engagement are known to initiate T-c ... Full text Link to item Cite

Apolipoprotein L1 gene variants in deceased organ donors are associated with renal allograft failure.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · June 2015 Apolipoprotein L1 gene (APOL1) nephropathy variants in African American deceased kidney donors were associated with shorter renal allograft survival in a prior single-center report. APOL1 G1 and G2 variants were genotyped in newly accrued DNA samples from ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dual islet transplantation modeling of the instant blood-mediated inflammatory reaction.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · May 2015 Islet xenotransplantation is a potential treatment for diabetes without the limitations of tissue availability. Although successful experimentally, early islet loss remains substantial and attributed to an instant blood-mediated inflammatory reaction (IBMI ... Full text Link to item Cite

A pilot trial targeting the ICOS-ICOS-L pathway in nonhuman primate kidney transplantation.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · April 2015 Featured Publication Costimulation blockade with the B7-CD28 pathway-specific agent belatacept is now used in clinical kidney transplantation, but its efficacy remains imperfect. Numerous alternate costimulatory pathways have been proposed as targets to synergize with belatace ... Full text Link to item Cite

Systems biological analyses reveal the hepatitis C virus (HCV)-specific regulation of hematopoietic development.

Journal Article Hepatology · March 2015 UNLABELLED: Chronic liver disease is characterized by the liver enrichment of myeloid dendritic cells (DCs). To assess the role of disease on myelopoiesis, we utilized a systems biology approach to study development in liver-resident cells expressing stem ... Full text Link to item Cite

Superiority of rapamycin over tacrolimus in preserving nonhuman primate Treg half-life and phenotype after adoptive transfer.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · December 2014 Many critical issues remain concerning how best to deploy adoptive regulatory T cell (Treg) immunotherapy to the clinic. These include a determination of their pharmacokinetic characteristics, their optimal dose, their phenotypic stability and the best the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mitigation of autophagy ameliorates hepatocellular damage following ischemia-reperfusion injury in murine steatotic liver.

Journal Article Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol · December 1, 2014 Featured Publication Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a common clinical consequence of hepatic surgery, cardiogenic shock, and liver transplantation. A steatotic liver is particularly vulnerable to IRI, responding with extensive hepatocellular injury. Autophagy, a lysosoma ... Full text Link to item Cite

CD28 negative T cells: is their loss our gain?

Journal Article Am J Transplant · November 2014 Featured Publication CD28 is a primary costimulation molecule for T cell activation. However, during the course of activation some T cells lose this molecule and assume a CD28-independent existence. These CD28- T cells are generally antigen-experienced and highly differentiate ... Full text Link to item Cite

The kSORT assay to detect renal transplant patients at high risk for acute rejection: results of the multicenter AART study.

Journal Article PLoS Med · November 2014 BACKGROUND: Development of noninvasive molecular assays to improve disease diagnosis and patient monitoring is a critical need. In renal transplantation, acute rejection (AR) increases the risk for chronic graft injury and failure. Noninvasive diagnostic a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Actin cytoskeletal disruption following cryopreservation alters the biodistribution of human mesenchymal stromal cells in vivo.

Journal Article Stem Cell Reports · July 8, 2014 Mesenchymal stromal cells have shown clinical promise; however, variations in treatment responses are an ongoing concern. We previously demonstrated that MSCs are functionally stunned after thawing. Here, we investigated whether this cryopreservation/thawi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Renal transplantation using belatacept without maintenance steroids or calcineurin inhibitors.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · May 2014 Featured Publication Kidney transplantation remains limited by toxicities of calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) and steroids. Belatacept is a less toxic CNI alternative, but existing regimens rely on steroids and have higher rejection rates. Experimentally, donor bone marrow and si ... Full text Link to item Cite

Biomarkers for kidney transplant rejection.

Journal Article Nat Rev Nephrol · April 2014 Featured Publication The immune management of organ transplant recipients is imperfect. Beyond general dosing guidelines for immunosuppressive agents and clinical diagnostic tests for rejection or infection, there are few objective tools to determine the aggregate status of a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Bile acid aspiration associated with lung chemical profile linked to other biomarkers of injury after lung transplantation.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · April 2014 Aspiration of gastrointestinal contents has been linked to worse outcomes following lung transplantation but uncertainty exists about underlying mechanisms. We applied high-resolution metabolomics of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in patients with epi ... Full text Link to item Cite

The role of donor-specific HLA alloantibodies in liver transplantation.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · April 2014 The impact of donor-specific HLA alloantibodies (DSA) on short- and long-term liver transplant outcome is not clearly defined. While it is clear that not all levels of allosensitization produce overt clinical injury, and that liver allografts possess some ... Full text Link to item Cite

IMMUNOLOGIC AGING IN ADULTS WITH CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE: DOES INFANT STERNOTOMY MATTER?

Conference Journal of the American College of Cardiology · April 2014 Full text Cite

High CTLA-4 expression on Th17 cells results in increased sensitivity to CTLA-4 coinhibition and resistance to belatacept.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · March 2014 The CD28/cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4)blocker belatacept selectively inhibits alloreactive T cell responses but is associated with a high incidence of acute rejection following renal transplantation,which led us to investigate the etiology of b ... Full text Link to item Cite

Recollective homeostasis and the immune consequences of peritransplant depletional induction therapy.

Journal Article Immunol Rev · March 2014 One's cellular immune repertoire is composed of lymphocytes in multiple stages of maturation - the dynamic product of their responses to antigenic challenges and the homeostatic contractions necessary to accommodate immune expansions within physiologic nor ... Full text Link to item Cite

The allo- and viral-specific immunosuppressive effect of belatacept, but not tacrolimus, attenuates with progressive T cell maturation.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · February 2014 Featured Publication Tacrolimus impairs allo- and viral-specific T cell responses. Belatacept, a costimulation-based alternative to tacrolimus, has emerged with a paradoxical picture of less complete control of alloimmunity with concomitant impaired viral immunity limited to v ... Full text Link to item Cite

Islet cell xenotransplantation: a serious look toward the clinic.

Journal Article Xenotransplantation · 2014 Featured Publication Type I diabetes remains a significant clinical problem in need of a reliable, generally applicable solution. Both whole organ pancreas and islet allotransplantation have been shown to grant patients insulin independence, but organ availability has restrict ... Full text Link to item Cite

Costimulation blockade alters germinal center responses and prevents antibody-mediated rejection.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · January 2014 De novo donor-specific antibody (DSA) after organ transplantation promotes antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) and causes late graft loss. Previously, we demonstrated that depletion using anti-CD3 immunotoxin combined with tacrolimus and alefacept (AMR regim ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Inhibition of αvβ6 promotes acute renal allograft rejection in nonhuman primates.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · December 2013 The integrin αvβ6 activates latent transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) within the kidney and may be a target for the prevention of chronic allograft fibrosis after kidney transplantation. However, TGF-β also has known immunosuppressive properties that are ... Full text Link to item Cite

In vivo T cell costimulation blockade with abatacept for acute graft-versus-host disease prevention: a first-in-disease trial.

Journal Article Biol Blood Marrow Transplant · November 2013 We performed a first-in-disease trial of in vivo CD28:CD80/86 costimulation blockade with abatacept for acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) prevention during unrelated-donor hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). All patients received cyclosporine/m ... Full text Link to item Cite

Necrosis and immune activation: does tissue death alter acquired alloimmunity?

Conference Journal of the American College of Surgeons · September 2013 Full text Cite

Differential regulation of calcineurin isoforms in transplant patients: a new look at an old problem.

Journal Article Transplantation · August 15, 2013 BACKGROUND: Calcineurin is a ubiquitously expressed calcium-dependent phosphatase that is inhibited by the immunosuppressant drugs cyclosporine and tacrolimus. Measuring calcineurin activity in transplant patients has been complicated by a lack of consiste ... Full text Link to item Cite

Class II alloantibody and mortality in simultaneous liver-kidney transplantation.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · April 2013 Hyperacute kidney rejection is unusual in crossmatch positive recipients of simultaneous liver-kidney transplants (SLKT). However, recent data suggest that these patients remain at risk for antibody-mediated kidney rejection. To further investigate the ris ... Full text Link to item Cite

Belatacept and sirolimus prolong nonhuman primate islet allograft survival: adverse consequences of concomitant alefacept therapy.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · February 2013 Featured Publication Calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) and steroids are known to promote insulin resistance, and their avoidance after islet transplantation is preferred from a metabolic standpoint. Belatacept, a B7-specific mediator of costimulation blockade (CoB), is clinically i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Belatacept and sirolimus prolong nonhuman primate renal allograft survival without a requirement for memory T cell depletion.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · February 2013 Featured Publication Belatacept is an inhibitor of CD28/B7 costimulation that is clinically indicated as a calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) alternative in combination with mycophenolate mofetil and steroids after renal transplantation. We sought to develop a clinically translatable ... Full text Link to item Cite

The cam-path forward.

Other Am J Transplant · January 2013 Full text Link to item Cite

Heterologous immunity triggered by a single, latent virus in Mus musculus: combined costimulation- and adhesion- blockade decrease rejection.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2013 The mechanisms underlying latent-virus-mediated heterologous immunity, and subsequent transplant rejection, especially in the setting of T cell costimulation blockade, remain undetermined. To address this, we have utilized MHV68 to develop a rodent model o ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hepatic enrichment and activation of myeloid dendritic cells during chronic hepatitis C virus infection.

Journal Article Hepatology · December 2012 UNLABELLED: Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a serious disease that can result in numerous long-term complications leading to liver failure or death. Approximately 80% of people fail to clear their infection, largely as the result of weak, narr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Associations of ABCB1 and IL-10 genetic polymorphisms with sirolimus-induced dyslipidemia in renal transplant recipients.

Journal Article Transplantation · November 15, 2012 BACKGROUND: Hyperlipidemia is a common adverse effect of sirolimus (SRL). We previously showed significant associations of ABCB1 3435C>T and IL-10 -1082G>A with log-transformed SRL dose-adjusted weighted-normalized trough. We further examined to see whethe ... Full text Link to item Cite

The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist Exendin 4 has a protective role in ischemic injury of lean and steatotic liver by inhibiting cell death and stimulating lipolysis.

Journal Article Am J Pathol · November 2012 Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is an increasingly prevalent spectrum of conditions characterized by excess fat deposition within hepatocytes. Affected hepatocytes are known to be highly susceptible to ischemic insults, responding to injury with increased ... Full text Link to item Cite

Platelet-derived CD154: ultrastructural localization and clinical correlation in organ transplantation.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · November 2012 Featured Publication CD154 is an immunostimulatory ligand for CD40 that markedly influences alloimmunity. Its presence in platelets suggests that its release and subsequent immune effects are driven by trauma and thus could be relevant following organ transplantation. However, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patterns of de novo allo B cells and antibody formation in chronic cardiac allograft rejection after alemtuzumab treatment.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · October 2012 Even though the etiology of chronic rejection (CR) is multifactorial, donor specific antibody (DSA) is considered to have a causal effect on CR development. Currently the antibody-mediated mechanisms during CR are poorly understood due to lack of proper an ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

A novel monoclonal antibody to CD40 prolongs islet allograft survival.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · August 2012 The importance of CD40/CD154 costimulatory pathway blockade in immunosuppression strategies is well-documented. Efforts are currently focused on monoclonal antibodies specific for CD40 because of thromboembolic complications associated with monoclonal anti ... Full text Link to item Cite

CTLA4Ig prevents alloantibody formation following nonhuman primate islet transplantation using the CD40-specific antibody 3A8.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · July 2012 Islet transplantation to treat type 1 diabetes has been limited in part by toxicities of current immunosuppression and recipient humoral sensitization. Blockade of the CD28/CD80/86 and CD40/CD154 pathways has shown promise to remedy both these limitations, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Alternative immunomodulatory strategies for xenotransplantation: CD40/154 pathway-sparing regimens promote xenograft survival.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · July 2012 Featured Publication Immunosuppressive therapies that block the CD40/CD154 costimulatory pathway have proven to be uniquely effective in preclinical xenotransplant models. Given the challenges facing clinical translation of CD40/CD154 pathway blockade, we examined the efficacy ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evidence for kidney rejection after combined bone marrow and renal transplantation despite ongoing whole-blood chimerism in rhesus macaques.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · July 2012 Although there is evidence linking hematopoietic chimerism induction and solid organ transplant tolerance, the mechanistic requirements for chimerism-induced tolerance are not clearly elucidated. To address this, we used an MHC-defined primate model to det ... Full text Link to item Cite

Regulatory T cells exhibit decreased proliferation but enhanced suppression after pulsing with sirolimus.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · June 2012 Although regulatory T cells (Tregs) suppress allo-immunity, difficulties in their large-scale production and in maintaining their suppressive function after expansion have thus far limited their clinical applicability. Here we have used our nonhuman primat ... Full text Link to item Cite

The impact of renal function on outcomes of bariatric surgery.

Journal Article J Am Soc Nephrol · May 2012 The effect of CKD on the risks of bariatric surgery is not well understood. Using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Participant Use File, we analyzed 27,736 patients who underwent bariatric surgery from 2006 thr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cumulative exposure to gamma interferon-dependent chemokines CXCL9 and CXCL10 correlates with worse outcome after lung transplant.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · February 2012 Outcomes following lung transplant are suboptimal owing to chronic allograft failure termed bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS). Prior work in both mice and humans has shown that interferon gamma (IFNG)-induced chemokines, including CXCL9 and CXCL10, a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Combination and Adjuvant Therapies to Facilitate the Efficacy of Costimulatory Blockade

Chapter · 2012 Many drugs are used to prevent allograft rejection. Most target T cells but inhibit pathways that are not exclusive to T cells and thus evoke off-target side effects. Many, particularly calcineurin inhibitors, hinder T cell receptor (TCR) signaling and thu ... Full text Link to item Cite

CD40 blockade combines with CTLA4Ig and sirolimus to produce mixed chimerism in an MHC-defined rhesus macaque transplant model.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · January 2012 In murine models, T-cell costimulation blockade of the CD28:B7 and CD154:CD40 pathways synergistically promotes immune tolerance after transplantation. While CD28 blockade has been successfully translated to the clinic, translation of blockade of the CD154 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Integrin antagonists prevent costimulatory blockade-resistant transplant rejection by CD8(+) memory T cells.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · January 2012 The success of belatacept in late-stage clinical trials inaugurates the arrival of a new class of immunosuppressants based on costimulatory blockade, an immunosuppression strategy that disrupts essential signals required for alloreactive T-cell activation. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Nondepleting anti-CD40-based therapy prolongs allograft survival in nonhuman primates.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · January 2012 Costimulation blockade of the CD40/CD154 pathway has been effective at preventing allograft rejection in numerous transplantation models. This strategy has largely depended on mAbs directed against CD154, limiting the potential for translation due to its a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Where Has All the Science Gone?

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION · January 1, 2012 Link to item Cite

Associations of ABCB1 3435C>T and IL-10-1082G>A polymorphisms with long-term sirolimus dose requirements in renal transplant patients.

Journal Article Transplantation · December 27, 2011 BACKGROUNDS: Sirolimus (SRL) absorption and metabolism are affected by p-glycoprotein-mediated transport and CYP3A enzyme activity, which are further under the influences of cytokine concentrations. This retrospective study determined the associations of a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Antigen-specific induced Foxp3+ regulatory T cells are generated following CD40/CD154 blockade.

Journal Article Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · December 20, 2011 Blockade of the CD40/CD154 pathway potently attenuates T-cell responses in models of autoimmunity, inflammation, and transplantation. Indeed, CD40 pathway blockade remains one of the most powerful methods of prolonging graft survival in models of transplan ... Full text Link to item Cite

Islet xenotransplantation using gal-deficient neonatal donors improves engraftment and function.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · December 2011 Significant deficiencies in understanding of xenospecific immunity have impeded the success of preclinical trials in xenoislet transplantation. Although galactose-α1,3-galactose, the gal epitope, has emerged as the principal target of rejection in pig-to-p ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cumulative exposure to CD8+ granzyme Bhi T cells is associated with reduced lung function early after lung transplantation.

Journal Article Transplant Proc · December 2011 Outcomes following lung transplant remain suboptimal. This is attributable to variable posttransplant recovery of lung function, and inconsistent degrees of lung function loss after peak function is reached. Granzyme B is elevated in the blood and bronchoa ... Full text Link to item Cite

LFA-1 blockade induces effector and regulatory T-cell enrichment in lymph nodes and synergizes with CTLA-4Ig to inhibit effector function.

Journal Article Blood · November 24, 2011 Despite encouraging results using lymphocyte function antigen-1 (LFA-1) blockade to inhibit BM and solid organ transplantation rejection in nonhuman primates and humans, the precise mechanisms underlying its therapeutic potential are still poorly understoo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Urinary chemokines CXCL9 and CXCL10 are noninvasive markers of renal allograft rejection and BK viral infection.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · October 2011 Renal transplant recipients require periodic surveillance for immune-based complications such as rejection and infection. Noninvasive monitoring methods are preferred, particularly for children, for whom invasive testing is problematic. We performed a cros ... Full text Link to item Cite

Note From the Editorial Office

Journal Article American Journal of Transplantation · September 1, 2011 A look at AJT's past year, and at features anticipated in the coming year. ... Full text Cite

Antibody-mediated rejection--an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · June 2011 The presence of preformed, donor-specific alloantibodies inpatients undergoing renal transplantation is associated with a high risk of hyperacute and acute antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR), and often limits potential recipients' access to organs from liv ... Full text Link to item Cite

Miles to go….

Other Am J Transplant · June 2011 Full text Link to item Cite

CD40-specific costimulation blockade enhances neonatal porcine islet survival in nonhuman primates.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · May 2011 The widespread clinical implementation of alloislet transplantation as therapy for type 1 diabetes has been hindered by the lack of suitable islet donors. Pig-to-human islet xenotransplantation is one strategy with potential to alleviate this shortage. Lon ... Full text Link to item Cite

A Non-Human Primate Model for Alloantibody Production after T Cell Depletion

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION · April 1, 2011 Link to item Cite

CMV and EBV Viremia Occur as Independent Consequences of Immunosuppression

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION · April 1, 2011 Link to item Cite

The Effect of Costimulation Blockade with Belatacept on EBV Specific Immunity.

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION · April 1, 2011 Link to item Cite

Sirolimus enhances the magnitude and quality of viral-specific CD8+ T-cell responses to vaccinia virus vaccination in rhesus macaques.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · March 2011 Sirolimus is a potent antiproliferative agent used clinically to prevent renal allograft rejection. However, little is known about the effects of maintenance immunosuppressive agents on the immune response to potentially protective vaccines. Here we show t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Chemokines and their receptors in human renal allotransplantation.

Journal Article Transplantation · January 15, 2011 BACKGROUND: Chemokines and their receptors play a critical role in leukocyte trafficking, and inhibition of select chemokines has been shown to attenuate kidney disease and allograft rejection in animal models. Therefore, we evaluated chemokine and chemoki ... Full text Link to item Cite

New in AJT

Other American Journal of Transplantation · 2011 Full text Link to item Cite

Selective targeting of human alloresponsive CD8+ effector memory T cells based on CD2 expression.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · January 2011 Featured Publication Costimulation blockade (CoB), specifically CD28/B7 inhibition with belatacept, is an emerging clinical replacement for calcineurin inhibitor-based immunosuppression in allotransplantation. However, there is accumulating evidence that belatacept incompletel ... Full text Link to item Cite

LFA-1-specific therapy prolongs allograft survival in rhesus macaques.

Journal Article J Clin Invest · December 2010 Outcomes in transplantation have been limited by suboptimal long-term graft survival and toxicities associated with current immunosuppressive approaches. T cell costimulation blockade has shown promise as an alternative strategy to avoid the side effects o ... Full text Link to item Cite

Now what?

Other Am J Transplant · November 2010 Full text Link to item Cite

B cells and transplantation tolerance.

Journal Article Nat Rev Nephrol · October 2010 Transplantation tolerance is a state of immune unresponsiveness (or benign responsiveness) to the presence of specific, nonself antigens in the absence of chronic immunosuppressive therapy. Renal transplant tolerance remains a desired yet generally unattai ... Full text Link to item Cite

Surgical correction of gastroesophageal reflux in lung transplant patients is associated with decreased effector CD8 cells in lung lavages: a case series.

Journal Article Chest · October 2010 BACKGROUND: Lung transplantation is associated with a high incidence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The presence of GERD is considered a risk factor for the subsequent development of obliterative bronchiolitis (OB), and surgical correction of G ... Full text Link to item Cite

Immunogenetics and transplantation.

Journal Article Curr Opin Immunol · October 2010 It is well recognized that allospecific T cell activation is required for rejection. However, the process of allospecific T cell activation is largely controllable with current agents. Accordingly, short-term outcomes in allotransplantation have uniformly ... Full text Link to item Cite

Experience with a novel efalizumab-based immunosuppressive regimen to facilitate single donor islet cell transplantation.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · September 2010 Islet transplantation is an experimental therapy for selected patients with type 1 diabetes (T1DM). It remains limited by immunosuppressive drug toxicity, progressive loss of insulin independence, allosensitization and the need for multiple islet donors. W ... Full text Link to item Cite

Non-Invasive Test for Renal Transplant Rejection in Children

Conference PEDIATRIC NEPHROLOGY · September 1, 2010 Link to item Cite

Cutting edge: Rapamycin augments pathogen-specific but not graft-reactive CD8+ T cell responses.

Journal Article J Immunol · August 15, 2010 Recent evidence demonstrating that exposure to rapamycin during viral infection increased the quantity and quality of Ag-specific T cells poses an intriguing paradox, because rapamycin is used in transplantation to dampen, rather than enhance, donor-reacti ... Full text Link to item Cite

Identification of a B cell signature associated with renal transplant tolerance in humans.

Journal Article J Clin Invest · June 2010 Featured Publication Establishing long-term allograft acceptance without the requirement for continuous immunosuppression, a condition known as allograft tolerance, is a highly desirable therapeutic goal in solid organ transplantation. Determining which recipients would benefi ... Full text Link to item Cite

High-frequency alloreactive T cells augment effector function of low-frequency CD8+ T-cell responses under CD28/CD154 blockade.

Journal Article Transplantation · May 27, 2010 BACKGROUND: Blockade of costimulatory molecules is a potent method of inducing long-term graft survival. We have previously addressed the issue of donor-reactive T-cell precursor frequency on relative costimulation dependence and found that the presence of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Towards a Translatable Regimen for Islet Xenotransplantation in Nonhuman Primates

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION · April 1, 2010 Link to item Cite

Rapamycin Augments Pathogen-Specific but Not Donor-Reactive CD8(+) T Cell Responses

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION · April 1, 2010 Link to item Cite

What should work, may not.

Other Am J Transplant · March 2010 When new agents such as bortezomib appear, it is important to maintain scientific rigor regarding off-label use of medications. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Transient CD86 expression on hepatitis C virus-specific CD8+ T cells in acute infection is linked to sufficient IL-2 signaling.

Journal Article J Immunol · March 1, 2010 Costimulatory signals via B7/CD28 family molecules (signal 2) are critical for effective adaptive CD8(+) T cell immune responses. In addition to costimulatory signals, B7/CD28 family coinhibitory receptor/ligands that modulate immune responses have been id ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evaluation of tacrolimus abbreviated area-under-the-curve monitoring in renal transplant patients who are potentially at risk for adverse events.

Journal Article Clin Transplant · 2010 In a cohort of 32 renal transplant patients who are potentially at risk for adverse events, we compared tacrolimus (TAC) abbreviated AUC values calculated by a method developed in Asians (AUCw) with those derived for Caucasians (AUCa). The relationships be ... Full text Link to item Cite

Biology of innate immune receptors: Clinical and diagnostic applications

Journal Article Revue Francophone des Laboratoires · January 1, 2010 The recognition of microbes by the innate immune system is mediated by a family of receptors called pattern recognition receptor (PRR). The specificity of PRR is genetically determined and their main function is to discriminate self from non self via the r ... Full text Cite

Diagnosis of immune deficiency in childhood

Journal Article Revue Francophone des Laboratoires · January 1, 2010 Primary immunodeficiency diseases involve innate and adaptive immunity. In humans, about 150 Mendelian conditions involving impaired immune response have been described. Variable disease expression, even with the same mutation, is commonly observed.Diagnos ... Full text Cite

Report on the rating of flow cytometric immunophenotyping

Journal Article Revue Francophone des Laboratoires · January 1, 2010 Full text Cite

Editorial: The Study Group for Autoimmune Diseases (GEAI) took off...

Journal Article Revue Francophone des Laboratoires · January 1, 2010 Full text Cite

T regulator and Th17 lymphocytes: Physiological and pathological functions

Journal Article Revue Francophone des Laboratoires · January 1, 2010 Over two decades ago, CD4+ T cells were classified into various T cell subsets. Each subset is characterised by its specific cytokine pattern and effector functions in the immune response. This classification has long been confined to two subsets of helper ... Full text Cite

Immunology: News 2010. Foreword

Journal Article Revue Francophone des Laboratoires · January 1, 2010 Full text Cite

What Is Optimal Induction Therapy for Expanded Criteria Donor Kidneys?

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION · January 1, 2010 Link to item Cite

Memory T-cell-specific therapeutics in organ transplantation.

Journal Article Curr Opin Organ Transplant · December 2009 PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review details the role of memory T cells in physiologic and allospecific immunity, and summarizes the effects of immunosuppressive agents used to manipulate their function in the context of organ transplantation. RECENT FINDINGS: M ... Full text Link to item Cite

KDIGO clinical practice guideline for the care of kidney transplant recipients.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · November 2009 The 2009 Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) clinical practice guideline on the monitoring, management, and treatment of kidney transplant recipients is intended to assist the practitioner caring for adults and children after kidney transplan ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dynamics of human regulatory T cells in lung lavages of lung transplant recipients.

Journal Article Transplantation · August 27, 2009 BACKGROUND: Despite advances in the field of lung transplantation, the median survival after lung transplant remains below 5 years. Early rejection is a risk factor for the development of chronic rejection. In animal models of transplant tolerance, regulat ... Full text Link to item Cite

4D11: The Second Mouse?

Other Am J Transplant · August 2009 Full text Link to item Cite

Renal epithelial cell-derived monocyte colony stimulating factor as a local informant of renal injury and means of monocyte activation.

Journal Article Transpl Int · July 2009 Monocyte accumulation in renal allografts is associated with allograft dysfunction. As monocyte influx occurs acutely following reperfusion, we investigated the effect of ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) on monocyte colony stimulating factor (m-CSF), a ke ... Full text Link to item Cite

Alefacept promotes co-stimulation blockade based allograft survival in nonhuman primates.

Journal Article Nat Med · July 2009 Memory T cells promote allograft rejection particularly in co-stimulation blockade-based immunosuppressive regimens. Here we show that the CD2-specific fusion protein alefacept (lymphocyte function-associated antigen-3-Ig; LFA -3-Ig) selectively eliminates ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of Alemtuzumab (CAMPATH 1-H) in patients with inclusion-body myositis.

Journal Article Brain · June 2009 Sporadic inclusion-body myositis (sIBM) is the most common disabling, adult-onset, inflammatory myopathy histologically characterized by intense inflammation and vacuolar degeneration. In spite of T cell-mediated cytotoxicity and persistent, clonally expan ... Full text Link to item Cite

Donor-reactive T-cell stimulation history and precursor frequency: barriers to tolerance induction.

Journal Article Transplantation · May 15, 2009 Blockade of T-cell costimulatory pathways represents a potent and specific method of preventing naïve antidonor T-cell responses after transplantation in mouse, monkey, and man. However, numerous studies have shown that the presence of donor-reactive memor ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assessment of cadaveric organ viability during pulsatile perfusion using infrared imaging.

Journal Article Transplantation · April 27, 2009 Assessment of pulsatile perfusion (PP) is limited to measurements of flow (V) and resistance (R). We investigated infrared (IR) imaging during PP as a means for precise organ assessment. IR was used to monitor 10 porcine kidneys during 18 hr of PP in an un ... Full text Link to item Cite

Clinical tolerance 2008.

Journal Article Transplantation · April 15, 2009 In 2008, three publications highlighted the transition of tolerance from experimental to experiential. These included the first study to both anticipate and reproducibly deliver human leukocyte antigen-disparate allograft survival without continuous immuno ... Full text Link to item Cite

Differential effects of donor-specific alloantibody.

Journal Article Transplant Rev (Orlando) · January 2009 Alloantigen exposure typically provokes an adaptive immune response that can foster rejection of transplanted organs, and these responses present the most formidable biological barrier to kidney transplantation. Although most cellular alloimmune responses ... Full text Link to item Cite

Portal venous donor-specific transfusion in conjunction with sirolimus prolongs renal allograft survival in nonhuman primates.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · January 2009 Pretransplant exposure to donor antigen is known to modulate recipient alloimmunity, and frequently results in sensitization. However, donor-specific transfusion (DST) can have a protolerant effect that is dependent on route, dose and coadministered immuno ... Full text Link to item Cite

Platelets influence vascularized organ transplants from start to finish.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · January 2009 This review relates the basic functions of platelets to specific aspects of organ allograft rejection. Platelet activation can occur in the donor or recipient before transplantation as well as during antibody- and cell-mediated rejection. Biopsies taken du ... Full text Link to item Cite

IFN-gamma dictates allograft fate via opposing effects on the graft and on recipient CD8 T cell responses.

Journal Article J Immunol · January 1, 2009 CD8 T cells are necessary for costimulation blockade-resistant rejection. However, the mechanism by which CD8 T cells mediate rejection in the absence of major costimulatory signals is poorly understood. IFN-gamma promotes CD8 T cell-mediated immune respon ... Full text Link to item Cite

Peripheral B Cell Markers Identify Tolerant Renal Transplant Recipients.

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION · January 1, 2009 Link to item Cite

Transmission of Latent Viruses in Islet Cell Transplantation.

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION · January 1, 2009 Link to item Cite

The role of alemtuzumab in facilitating maintenance immunosuppression minimization following solid organ transplantation.

Journal Article Transpl Immunol · November 2008 National registry data indicate a trend towards the incorporation of lymphocyte depletion antibody induction therapy into immunosuppressive regimens for solid organ transplantation. Depletional induction has been shown to reduce the risk of early acute rej ... Full text Link to item Cite

PD-1-dependent mechanisms maintain peripheral tolerance of donor-reactive CD8+ T cells to transplanted tissue.

Journal Article J Immunol · October 15, 2008 Peripheral mechanisms of self-tolerance often depend on the quiescent state of the immune system. To what degree such mechanisms can be engaged in the enhancement of allograft survival is unclear. To examine the role of the PD-1 pathway in the maintenance ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assessment of critical renal ischemia with real-time infrared imaging.

Journal Article J Surg Res · October 2008 BACKGROUND: Currently visual and tactile clues such as color, mottling, and tissue turgor are used in the operating room for subjective assessments of organ ischemia. Studies have demonstrated that infrared (IR) imaging is a reliable tool to identify perfu ... Full text Link to item Cite

What's next in the pipeline.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · October 2008 The first decade of the new millennium has been disappointing for transplant therapeutics: no new immunosuppression agents have been approved. Several high profile drugs and biologics failed the rigors of clinical trials or had disappointing preclinical re ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Banff 2007 working classification of skin-containing composite tissue allograft pathology.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · July 2008 Composite tissue allotransplantation (CTA) is a recently introduced option for limb replacement and reconstruction of tissue defects. As with other allografts, CTA can undergo immune-mediated rejection; therefore standardized criteria are required for char ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pharmacokinetics of low and maintenance dose valganciclovir in kidney transplant recipients.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · June 2008 Valganciclovir is commonly used for cytomegalovirus (CMV) prophylaxis in renal transplant patients. A fixed dose of 900 mg daily is typically recommended, however, there has never been a formal pharmacokinetic study comparing various doses in renal transpl ... Full text Link to item Cite

A critical precursor frequency of donor-reactive CD4+ T cell help is required for CD8+ T cell-mediated CD28/CD154-independent rejection.

Journal Article J Immunol · June 1, 2008 Ag-specific precursor frequency is increasingly being appreciated as an important factor in determining the kinetics, magnitude, and degree of differentiation of T cell responses, and recently was found to play a critical role in determining the relative r ... Full text Link to item Cite

A unique B cell signature associated with operational tolerance

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION · May 1, 2008 Link to item Cite

Non-invasive monitoring of tissue oxygenation during laparoscopic donor nephrectomy.

Journal Article BMC Surg · April 17, 2008 BACKGROUND: Standard methods for assessment of organ viability during surgery are typically limited to visual cues and tactile feedback in open surgery. However, during laparoscopic surgery, these processes are impaired. This is of particular relevance dur ... Full text Link to item Cite

Monocyte infiltration and kidney allograft dysfunction during acute rejection.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · March 2008 Multiple cell types infiltrate acutely rejecting renal allografts. Typically, monocytes and T cells predominate. Although T cells are known to be required for acute rejection, the degree to which monocytes influence this process remains incompletely define ... Full text Link to item Cite

Costimulation blockade: towards clinical application.

Journal Article Front Biosci · January 1, 2008 Organ transplantation is an increasingly successful therapy for many forms of organ failure, but its success depends upon drug therapies to prevent immunologic destruction of the transplanted organ also known as rejection. Most therapies designed to preven ... Full text Link to item Cite

Obesity following kidney transplantation and steroid avoidance immunosuppression.

Journal Article Clin Transplant · 2008 Obesity is an important co-morbidity within end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and renal transplant populations. Previous studies have suggested that chronic corticosteroids result in increased body weight post-transplant. With the recent adoption of steroid-s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Immunology of transplantation

Chapter · 2008 Tissues transferred between genetically nonidentical individuals are destroyed through a process known broadly as rejection. It has been apparent throughout most of medical history that these tissues could provide relief from disease if they were not rejec ... Full text Link to item Cite

Translational research in composite tissue allotransplantation

Chapter · January 1, 2008 Patients suffering from severe tissue loss secondary to burns, traumatic injuries, or tumor resections have limited options for reconstruction when autologous tissue for reconstruction is scarce. Composite tissue allotransplantation (CTA) has recently been ... Full text Cite

Alemtuzumab.

Journal Article Transplantation · December 27, 2007 Alemtuzumab is a humanized CD52-specific monoclonal antibody that is increasingly used off-label as an induction agent in solid organ transplantation, particularly in the setting of maintenance immunosuppression minimization protocols. In this review, we b ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dissociation of depletional induction and posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease in kidney recipients treated with alemtuzumab.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · November 2007 Transplant patients are at the risk for posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD), a virally-driven malignancy. Induction with the depleting antibody preparations Thymoglobulin and OKT3 is associated with PTLD suggesting that the T-cell depletion i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Frontiers in nephrology: immune tolerance to allografts in humans.

Journal Article J Am Soc Nephrol · August 2007 Vascularized allografts are rejected unless some indefinite modification to the recipient's immune system is made. This modification is typically achieved through the long-term administration of immunosuppressive drugs. Patients thus trade their end-stage ... Full text Link to item Cite

Diagnostic tools for monitoring kidney transplant recipients.

Journal Article Semin Nephrol · July 2007 Recent advancements in immunobiology have introduced several new diagnostic tools for monitoring kidney transplant recipients. These have been added to more established tests that, although imperfect, remain important benchmarks of diagnostic utility. Both ... Full text Link to item Cite

American society of transplantation symposium on B cells in transplantation: harnessing humoral immunity from rodent models to clinical practice.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · June 2007 There is growing awareness that B cells and alloantibodies are important mediators of both acute and chronic allograft injury. Unfortunately, few therapies are clinically available to mitigate the function of B cells or the effects of established alloantib ... Full text Link to item Cite

CD154 blockade, sirolimus, and donor-specific transfusion prevents renal allograft rejection in cynomolgus monkeys despite homeostatic T-cell activation.

Journal Article Transplantation · May 15, 2007 BACKGROUND: CD154-specific antibodies have been shown to prevent acute rejection in many preclinical models including nonhuman primates (NHPs). However, they have been ineffective in pilot clinical trials, suggesting a need for more robust preclinical anal ... Full text Link to item Cite

Soluble CD154 (sCD154) in renal transplantation.

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION · May 1, 2007 Link to item Cite

Gloms away! The molecular signature of transplant glomerulopathy (TG).

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION · May 1, 2007 Link to item Cite

Protocol biopsies in renal transplantation: insights into patient management and pathogenesis.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · March 2007 A 1-day symposium on the application of protocol biopsies in renal transplantation was held in Boston, 21 July 2006. Representatives from centers with extensive experience in the use of protocol biopsies for routine patient care and research reported resul ... Full text Link to item Cite

Of ends and means.

Other Am J Transplant · October 2006 Full text Link to item Cite

Induction immunosuppression.

Journal Article Transplantation · September 15, 2006 Induction immunosuppression is intense, prophylactic therapy used at the time of transplantation based on the empiric observation that more powerful immunosuppression is required to prevent acute rejection early. In the past decade, there has been a growin ... Full text Link to item Cite

A new look at blockade of T-cell costimulation: a therapeutic strategy for long-term maintenance immunosuppression.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · May 2006 Activated T cells orchestrate the immune response that results in graft rejection; therefore, a common goal among current immunosuppressive therapies is to block T-cell activation, proliferation and function. Current immunosuppressive regimens that inhibit ... Full text Link to item Cite

Beyond histology: novel tools to diagnose allograft dysfunction.

Journal Article Clin J Am Soc Nephrol · May 2006 Kidney biopsy is the gold standard procedure for the assessment of allograft dysfunction. The differential diagnosis for both acute and chronic dysfunction can encompass a number of different causes, and a biopsy frequently can suggest a specific cause. Ho ... Full text Link to item Cite

Meteorology and tolerance.

Other Am J Transplant · April 2006 Full text Link to item Cite

Successful renal transplantation in patients with chronic granulomatous disease.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · March 2006 Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a genetic disease caused by structural mutations in the enzyme NADPH oxidase that results in severe immunodeficiency. End-stage renal disease occurs in this patient population, and is often attributed to the necessary ... Full text Link to item Cite

Platelet-derived or soluble CD154 induces vascularized allograft rejection independent of cell-bound CD154.

Journal Article J Clin Invest · March 2006 CD154 is a cell surface molecule expressed on activated T cells that binds to CD40, an activating molecule on APCs. Its blockade has been shown to prevent allograft rejection, presumably by interrupting interactions between T cells and APCs. It is known th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Composite tissue allotransplantation: classification of clinical acute skin rejection.

Journal Article Transplantation · February 15, 2006 BACKGROUND: Composite tissue allotransplantation (CTA) is a recently introduced option for limb replacement and reconstruction of other nonreconstructible tissue defects. As with recipients of other allotransplants, CTA recipients can experience rejection ... Full text Link to item Cite

Human monocytes as intermediaries between allogeneic endothelial cells and allospecific T cells: a role for direct scavenger receptor-mediated endothelial membrane uptake in the initiation of alloimmunity.

Journal Article J Immunol · January 15, 2006 Recipient monocytes, T cells, and donor endothelial cells (ECs) are recognized as critical components of allograft rejection. We have recently shown that human monocytes infiltrate vascularized allografts before clinical rejection and have thus hypothesize ... Full text Link to item Cite

Transplant tolerance: converging on a moving target.

Journal Article Transplantation · January 15, 2006 Enthusiasm for tolerance induction has been tempered by the realization that it is more difficult to achieve clinically than was predicted by experimental models. Unlike the view that the immune response to an allograft is ordered and thus predictable, we ... Full text Link to item Cite

Visual enhancement of laparoscopic nephrectomies using the 3-CCD camera

Conference Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering · 2006 Many surgical techniques are currently shifting from the more conventional, open approach towards minimally invasive laparoscopic procedures. Laparoscopy results in smaller incisions, potentially leading to less postoperative pain and more rapid recoveries ... Full text Link to item Cite

Composite tissue allotransplantation: classification of clinical acute skin rejection.

Journal Article Transplantation · December 27, 2005 BACKGROUND: Composite tissue allotransplantation (CTA) is a recently introduced option for limb replacement and reconstruction of other nonreconstructible tissue defects. As with recipients of other allotransplants, CTA recipients can experience rejection ... Link to item Cite

Molecular evaluation of BK polyomavirus nephropathy.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · December 2005 Understanding at a molecular level, the immunologic response of polyomavirus nephropathy (PVN), a critical cause of kidney graft loss, could lead to new targets for treatment and diagnosis. We undertook a transcriptional evaluation of kidney allograft biop ... Full text Link to item Cite

Challenges in therapeutic strategies for transplantation: where now from here?

Journal Article Transpl Immunol · December 2005 The current standard of care in transplantation reliably achieves acceptable graft and patient survival but still depends on life long immunosuppression in most patients. Current strategies employ medications that, in general, inhibit distal events mediati ... Full text Link to item Cite

Composite tissue allotransplantation: development of a preclinical model in nonhuman primates.

Journal Article Transplantation · November 27, 2005 BACKGROUND: Composite tissue allotransplantation (CTA) has been recently introduced as a potential treatment for tissue loss secondary to burns, injuries, or resections. However, the optimal strategies to prevent CTA rejection remain undefined. Presently, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Results from a human renal allograft tolerance trial evaluating T-cell depletion with alemtuzumab combined with deoxyspergualin.

Journal Article Transplantation · October 27, 2005 BACKGROUND: Perioperative lymphocyte depletion induces allograft tolerance in some animal models, but in humans has only been shown to reduce immunosuppressive requirements. Without maintenance immunosuppression, depleted human renal allograft recipients e ... Full text Link to item Cite

Induction of transplantation tolerance in non-human primate preclinical models.

Journal Article Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci · September 29, 2005 Short-term outcomes following organ transplantation have improved considerably since the availability of cyclosporine ushered in the modern era of immunosuppression. In spite of this, many of the current limitations to progress in the field are directly re ... Full text Link to item Cite

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension following kidney transplantation: a case report and review of the literature.

Journal Article Pediatr Transplant · August 2005 A pediatric kidney transplant recipient receiving tacrolimus for immunosuppression experienced symptoms consistent with idiopathic intracranial hypertension. The diagnosis of idiopathic intracranial hypertension and possible secondary causes of intracrania ... Full text Link to item Cite

Workshop on late renal allograft dysfunction.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · July 2005 Despite continued improvement in incidence of acute immune injury and short-term graft survival, late allograft dysfunction remains a significant problem in the renal transplant population. Recent reports suggest that rates of renal function decline are qu ... Full text Link to item Cite

Is tolerance induction the answer to adolescent non-adherence?

Journal Article Pediatr Transplant · June 2005 By definition, tolerance will eliminate the problem of adolescent medication non-adherence. Although adolescents' propensity toward non-adherence makes them at first glance to be particularly attractive candidates for tolerance trials, there are also immun ... Full text Link to item Cite

IDEC-131 (anti-CD154), sirolimus and donor-specific transfusion facilitate operational tolerance in non-human primates.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · May 2005 CD154-specific antibody therapy prevents allograft rejection in many experimental transplant models. However, initial clinical transplant trials with anti-CD154 have been disappointing suggesting the need for as of yet undetermined adjuvant therapy. In rod ... Full text Link to item Cite

Three-year experiernce with alemtuzumab induction.

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION · May 1, 2005 Link to item Cite

Surgical transplant physical examination: correlation of renal resistance index and biopsy-proven chronic allograft nephropathy.

Journal Article J Am Coll Surg · April 2005 BACKGROUND: Chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN) remains the leading cause of late renal allograft loss that is minimally responsive to therapy once graft dysfunction is clinically evident. A screening test capable of identifying individuals at high risk fo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Immunocompetent T-cells with a memory-like phenotype are the dominant cell type following antibody-mediated T-cell depletion.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · March 2005 T-cell depletion facilitates reduced immunosuppression following organ transplantation and has been suggested to be pro-tolerant. However, the characteristics of post-depletional T cells have not been evaluated as they relate to tolerance induction. We the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Functionally significant renal allograft rejection is defined by transcriptional criteria.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · March 2005 Renal allograft acute cellular rejection (ACR) is a T-cell mediated disease that is diagnosed histologically. However, many normally functioning allografts have T-cell infiltrates and histological ACR, and many nonimmune processes cause allograft dysfuncti ... Full text Link to item Cite

Strategies for minimizing immunosuppression in kidney transplantation.

Journal Article Transpl Int · January 2005 Immunosuppression remains the cause of most morbidity following organ transplantation. However, its use is also responsible for the outstanding graft and patient survival rates commonplace in modern transplantation. Thus, the predominant challenge for tran ... Full text Link to item Cite

Solid organ transplantation at the National Institutes of Health: development of a research-based transplantation practice.

Chapter · 2005 The National Institutes of Health has established a clinical transplant research program focusing on translational research in kidney transplantation. The program has been developed with a multidisciplinary approach under a common administrative structure ... Link to item Cite

Human platelets exhibit chemotaxis using functional N-formyl peptide receptors.

Journal Article Exp Hematol · January 2005 OBJECTIVE: Activated platelets participate in inflammatory and microbicidal processes by upregulation of surface selectins, shedding of CD40 ligand, and release of platelet microbicidal proteins and microparticles. Given their myeloid lineage, we hypothesi ... Full text Link to item Cite

What's new--what's hot in basic science: American Transplant Congress 2004.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · November 2004 The field of transplantation biology has, in the past year, given rise to several improved models explaining the in vivo phenomena of allograft rejection and acceptance. Although T-cells remain central participants in allorecognition, innate immune cells a ... Full text Link to item Cite

The contribution of Fc effector mechanisms in the efficacy of anti-CD154 immunotherapy depends on the nature of the immune challenge.

Journal Article Int Immunol · November 2004 Blockade of the CD154-CD40 co-stimulatory pathway with anti-CD154 mAbs has shown impressive efficacy in models of autoimmunity and allotransplantation. Clinical benefit was also demonstrated in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and idiopathic thrombocytop ... Full text Link to item Cite

Donor genomics influence graft events: the effect of donor polymorphisms on acute rejection and chronic allograft nephropathy.

Journal Article Kidney Int · October 2004 BACKGROUND: Organs procured from deceased donors emanate from individuals with diverse genetic backgrounds. Donor organs, therefore, may vary in their response to injury and immune stimuli in a genetically determined manner. We assessed polymorphisms from ... Full text Link to item Cite

Nonhuman primates have a high proportion of regulatory T-cells after lymphocyte depletion

Conference JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS · September 1, 2004 Link to item Cite

The clinical application of monoclonal antibody therapies in renal transplantation.

Journal Article Expert Opin Emerg Drugs · May 2004 Monoclonal antibodies have become valuable tools for the precise clinical manipulation of the immune system. These highly specific proteins have proven their usefulness in both the treatment and prevention of organ transplant rejection. Indeed, they are th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ethics in the quest for transplant tolerance.

Journal Article Transplantation · March 27, 2004 This article will examine internationally accepted guidelines for human experimentation as they relate to modern organ transplantation trials. Specific reference to recent clinical trials and the growing diversity of immunosuppressive protocols will be hig ... Full text Link to item Cite

Platelets deliver costimulatory signals to antigen-presenting cells: a potential bridge between injury and immune activation.

Journal Article Exp Hematol · February 2004 The danger model of immunity and tolerance holds that antigen-presenting cells (APCs), activated by stress, injury, or necrosis, but not by physiological (apoptotic) cell death, initiate adaptive immune responses. APC activation is fundamentally associated ... Full text Link to item Cite

Human renal allograft rejection despite the absence of allogeneic passenger leukocytes.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · February 2004 Passenger leukocytes have been suggested to be both pro-tolerant and immunogenic. The opportunity to evaluate the role of allogeneic passenger leukocytes in humans was presented by a 47-year-old man who donated bone marrow to his HLA-identical leukemic sis ... Full text Link to item Cite

The road to tolerance: renal transplant tolerance induction in nonhuman primate studies and clinical trials.

Journal Article Transpl Immunol · 2004 Organ transplantation has become a standard life-saving therapy for many causes of end stage organ failure. Although valuable, it remains hampered by the requirement for, and complications of, immunosuppression to prevent immune rejection of the transplant ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors in transplantation: Novel immunosuppressive strategies with sirolimus

Journal Article Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation · 2004 Mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors have the potential to make a further impact in two areas. The first and most immediate possibility is through a reduction in the incidence and severity of allograft vasculopathy, with particular emphasis on heart al ... Full text Link to item Cite

Aggressive lymphocyte depletion does not eliminate immune memory.

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION · January 1, 2004 Link to item Cite

Human platelet-derived CD154 plays an important role in initiating allograft rejetion

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION · January 1, 2004 Link to item Cite

Composite tissue allotransplantation: Development of a non-human primate model

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION · January 1, 2004 Link to item Cite

Characterization of human and non-human primate composite tissue allograft rejection

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION · January 1, 2004 Link to item Cite

Crossing the bridge: large animal models in translational transplantation research.

Journal Article Immunol Rev · December 2003 Many methods for reducing the immunosuppressive requirements of allotransplantation have been proposed based on a growing understanding of physiological and allospecific immunity. As these regimens are developed for clinical application, they require valid ... Full text Link to item Cite

Tolerance: is it achievable in pediatric solid organ transplantation?

Journal Article Pediatr Clin North Am · December 2003 Significant advances have been made in the understanding of allograft rejection. There is growing awareness that allograft acceptance, or tolerance, is also an active process rather than a passive absence of rejection. Mechanistic awareness of this process ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of combined treatment with CD25- and CD154-specific monoclonal antibodies in non-human primate allotransplantation.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · November 2003 The CD154-specific monoclonal antibody (Mab) hu5c8 greatly prolongs allograft survival in primates. The CD25-specific Mab daclizumab has not, to date, been paired with hu5c8. We evaluated the effects of hu5c8 in vitro, alone and in combination with daclizu ... Full text Link to item Cite

Immune profiling: molecular monitoring in renal transplantation.

Journal Article Front Biosci · September 1, 2003 Molecular techniques have become a mainstay for most biomedical research. In particular, sensitive methods for gene transcript detection and advanced flow cytometry have been crucial in fostering our understanding of the basic mechanisms promoting allosens ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cyclosporine a uniquely inhibits the function of depletion-resistant memory cells

Conference JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS · September 1, 2003 Link to item Cite

Objective, real-time, intraoperative assessment of renal perfusion using infrared imaging.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · August 2003 Allograft ischemia induces delayed graft function and is correlated with increasing rates of rejection. There is not currently a way to objectively measure the effects of ischemia in real-time, nor to relate therapies combating reperfusion injury with thei ... Full text Link to item Cite

Rabbit antithymocyte globulin induction and sirolimus monotherapy supports prolonged islet allograft function in a nonhuman primate islet transplantation model.

Journal Article Transplantation · July 15, 2003 BACKGROUND: We reported that rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin (RATG) induction followed by maintenance immunosuppression with sirolimus supports human kidney allograft survival and asked if this combination would promote islet allograft survival in our prima ... Full text Link to item Cite

Results from a human renal allograft tolerance trial evaluating the humanized CD52-specific monoclonal antibody alemtuzumab (CAMPATH-1H).

Journal Article Transplantation · July 15, 2003 BACKGROUND: Profound T-cell depletion before allotransplantation with gradual posttransplant T-cell repopulation induces a state of donor-specific immune hyporesponsiveness or tolerance in some animal models. Alemtuzumab (Campath-1H, Millennium Pharmaceuti ... Full text Link to item Cite

Porcine CD80: cloning, characterization, and evidence for its role in direct human T-cell activation.

Journal Article Xenotransplantation · May 2003 Previous studies has shown that human anti-pig reactivity in mixed lymphocyte cultures require the indirect presentation of antigens by human antigen presenting cells (APC). Xenoreactivity was inhibited by blockade of human costimulatory molecules. We inve ... Full text Link to item Cite

Studies investigating pretransplant donor-specific blood transfusion, rapamycin, and the CD154-specific antibody IDEC-131 in a nonhuman primate model of skin allotransplantation.

Journal Article J Immunol · March 1, 2003 Anti-CD154 variably prolongs allograft survival in nonhuman primates. Rodent studies suggest that adding pretransplant donor-specific transfusion (DST) and/or rapamycin to anti-CD154 improves survival. The CD154-specific Ab IDEC-131 was tested alone and in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Immunologic monitoring of the transplant recipient: Challenges and approaches with antibody induction

Journal Article Transplantation Reviews · 2003 In summary, the results from these studies suggest that, in addition to their typical roles as antigen-processing cells serving to initiate an adaptive immune response, monocytes and macrophages may also play an effector role during rejection in patients w ... Full text Link to item Cite

BK virus and SV40 co-infection in polyomavirus nephropathy.

Journal Article Transplantation · December 15, 2002 BACKGROUND: Polyomavirus (PV) nephropathy has been attributed to reactivation of BK virus (BKV) or more rarely JC virus (JCV). The simian virus (SV) 40 is PV that was likely introduced into the human population through contaminated vaccines. The purpose of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Combination induction therapy with monoclonal antibodies specific for CD80, CD86, and CD154 in nonhuman primate renal transplantation.

Journal Article Transplantation · November 27, 2002 BACKGROUND: Antibodies and fusion proteins specific for CD80, CD86, and CD154 have shown promise as agents capable of inducing donor-specific tolerance in rodents. These agents have also been shown to be synergistic with one another in many settings of cou ... Full text Link to item Cite

Kidney transplantation with rabbit antithymocyte globulin induction and sirolimus monotherapy.

Journal Article Lancet · November 23, 2002 Renal allograft recipients generally need to take several immunosuppressive agents for life. Calcineurin inhibitors and glucocorticosteroids are the mainstays of most regimens but have undesirable chronic effects. We postulated that aggressive T-cell deple ... Full text Link to item Cite

Humanized anti-CD154 antibody therapy for the treatment of allograft rejection in nonhuman primates.

Journal Article Transplantation · October 15, 2002 The anti-CD154 antibody hu5C8 prevents acute allograft rejection and prolongs allograft survival after withdrawal of therapy in nonhuman primates. This study describes the use of hu5C8 as a rescue agent for rejection developing after the withdrawal of hu5C ... Full text Link to item Cite

Molecular and immunohistochemical characterization of the onset and resolution of human renal allograft ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Journal Article Transplantation · October 15, 2002 BACKGROUND Following allotransplantation, renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury initiates a series of events that provokes counter-adaptive immunity. Though T cells clearly mediate allospecific immunity, the manner in which reperfusion events augment the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Impact of HIV seropositivity on graft and patient survival after cadaveric renal transplantation in the United States in the pre highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) era: an historical cohort analysis of the United States Renal Data System.

Journal Article Transpl Infect Dis · September 2002 BACKGROUND: National statistics are presented for patient survival and graft survival in patients seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV+) at the time of renal transplantation in the era prior to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pancreatic islet transplantation using the nonhuman primate (rhesus) model predicts that the portal vein is superior to the celiac artery as the islet infusion site.

Journal Article Diabetes · July 2002 We've established a nonhuman primate islet allotransplant model to address questions such as whether transplanting islets into the gut's arterial system would more safely and as effectively support long-term islet allograft survival compared with the tradi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ethnicity greatly influences cytokine gene polymorphism distribution.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · July 2002 Polymorphisms in the regulatory regions of cytokine genes are associated with high and low cytokine production and may modulate the magnitude of alloimmune responses following transplantation. Ethnicity influences allograft half-life and the incidence of a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Islet transplantation: The NIH experience

Conference DIABETES · June 1, 2002 Link to item Cite

Efficacy and toxicity of a protocol using sirolimus, tacrolimus and daclizumab in a nonhuman primate renal allotransplant model.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · April 2002 A regimen combining sirolimus, tacrolimus, and daclizumab has recently been shown to provide adequate immunosuppression for allogeneic islet transplantation in humans, but remains unproven for primarily vascularized allografts. We evaluated this regimen fo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Photochemistry and photophysics of Cr(III) macrocyclic complexes.

Journal Article Inorg Chem · February 25, 2002 The phosphorescence and photochemical behavior of the macrocyclic complexes (1,4,7,10,13,16-hexaazacyclooctadecane)chromium(III) (Cr([18]-aneN(6))(3+); 1) and (4,4',4''-ethylidynetris(3-azabutan-1-amine)) chromium(III) (Cr(sen)(3+); 2) have been compared t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Type 2 angiotensin II receptor expression in human renal allografts: an association with chronic allograft nephropathy.

Journal Article Clin Nephrol · January 2002 AIMS: The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has been implicated in renal fibrosis through activation of the type I angiotensin II (Ang II) receptor (AT1R). Whether the other predominant Ang II receptor, the type 2 Ang II receptor (AT2R), has a fibrotic or spa ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of donor factors on early graft survival in adult cadaveric renal transplantation.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · January 2002 Previous studies of the effect of donor factors on renal transplant outcomes have not tested the role of recipient body mass index, donor/recipient weight ratios and age matching, and other factors. We analyzed 20,309 adult (age 16 or older) recipients hav ... Full text Link to item Cite

Context-based therapy: A conceptual framework for transplantation tolerance

Journal Article Transplantation Reviews · 2002 Allotransplantation has improved dramatically in the past 2 decades, mostly as a result of more potent immunosuppression and increasingly effective prophylaxis against opportunistic infections. It is likely, however, that the field has entered a period of ... Link to item Cite

Human platelets activate porcine endothelial cells through a CD154-dependent pathway.

Journal Article Transplantation · December 15, 2001 BACKGROUND: Delayed xenograft rejection is associated with endothelial cell activation, platelet sequestration, and subsequent thrombosis. We evaluated whether human platelets could directly activate porcine endothelium (PEC), and if so, whether this was m ... Full text Link to item Cite

Treatment with the humanized CD154-specific monoclonal antibody, hu5C8, prevents acute rejection of primary skin allografts in nonhuman primates.

Journal Article Transplantation · November 15, 2001 BACKGROUND: Allogeneic skin transplantation remains a rigorous test of any immune intervention designed to prevent allograft rejection. To date, no single, clinically available immunosuppressant has been reported to induce long-term primary skin allograft ... Full text Link to item Cite

Association of cytokine polymorphic inheritance and in vitro cytokine production in anti-CD3/CD28-stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes.

Journal Article Transplantation · October 27, 2001 BACKGROUND: Genetic variations in cytokine genes are thought to regulate cytokine protein production. However, studies using T cell mitogens have not always demonstrated a significant relationship between cytokine polymorphisms and in vitro protein product ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hospitalizations for fractures after renal transplantation in the United States.

Journal Article Ann Epidemiol · October 2001 PURPOSE: To investigate the incidence, risk factors, and associated mortality of fractures in renal transplant recipients. METHODS: Retrospective registry study of 33,479 patients in the United States Renal Data System (USRDS) who received kidney transplan ... Full text Link to item Cite

Preclinical evaluation of tolerance induction protocols and islet transplantation in non-human primates.

Journal Article Immunol Rev · October 2001 Non-human primate studies of tolerance induction strategies in solid organ transplantation represent a critical bridge between studies in rodents and humans. Our work demonstrates that strategies involving the blockade of co-stimulatory molecules, especial ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cytokine polymorphic analyses indicate ethnic differences in the allelic distribution of interleukin-2 and interleukin-6.

Journal Article Transplantation · August 27, 2001 BACKGROUND: Polymorphisms in the regulatory regions of cytokine genes affect protein production and are associated with allograft outcome. Ethnic origin has been identified as a significant prognostic factor for several immune-mediated diseases and for out ... Full text Link to item Cite

Successful conversion from conventional immunosuppression to anti-CD154 monoclonal antibody costimulatory molecule blockade in rhesus renal allograft recipients.

Journal Article Transplantation · August 27, 2001 BACKGROUND: Several conventional forms of immunosuppression have been shown to antagonize the efficacy of anti-CD154 monoclonal antibody- (mAb) based costimulatory molecule blockade immunotherapy. Our objective was to determine if allograft recipients trea ... Full text Link to item Cite

Induction therapy with monoclonal antibodies specific for CD80 and CD86 delays the onset of acute renal allograft rejection in non-human primates.

Journal Article Transplantation · August 15, 2001 CD80 and CD86 (also known as B7-1 and B7-2, respectively) are both ligands for the T cell costimulatory receptors CD28 and CD152. Both CD80 and CD86 mediate T cell costimulation, and as such, have been studied for their role in promoting allograft rejectio ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hepatitis C virus seropositivity at the time of renal transplantation in the United States: associated factors and patient survival.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · July 2001 National statistics for patient characteristics and survival of renal transplant recipients positive for hepatitis C virus (HCV+) at the time of renal transplant are presented. A historical cohort analysis of 33479 renal transplant recipients in the United ... Link to item Cite

The role of CD154 in organ transplant rejection and acceptance.

Journal Article Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci · May 29, 2001 CD154 plays a critical role in determining the outcome of a transplanted organ. This simple statement is amply supported by experimental evidence demonstrating that anti-CD154 antibodies are potent inhibitors of allograft rejection in many rigorous transpl ... Full text Link to item Cite

Graft loss due to recurrent focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in renal transplant recipients in the United States.

Journal Article Am J Kidney Dis · February 2001 Rates of and risk factors for graft loss and graft loss resulting from recurrent focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) have not been studied in a national population. A retrospective analysis was performed on a national registry (1999 United States Ren ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hospitalizations for bacterial septicemia after renal transplantation in the united states.

Journal Article Am J Nephrol · 2001 BACKGROUND: It is common belief in the transplant community that rates of septicemia in transplant recipients have declined, but this has not been studied in a national population. METHODS: Therefore, 33,479 renal transplant recipients in the United States ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hitting the reset button for immune tolerance.

Other Nat Med · January 2001 Migratory cells can lead to both rejection and tolerance following organ transplantation, suggesting a direction for pro-tolerant immunomodulatory therapies. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Intermediates in chromium(III) photochemistry

Journal Article Coordination Chemistry Reviews · January 2001 Full text Cite

Costimulatory molecules are active in the human xenoreactive T-cell response but not in natural killer-mediated cytotoxicity.

Journal Article Transplantation · July 15, 2000 BACKGROUND: T-cell costimulatory blocking agents inhibit allospecific T-cell responses in vitro and prevent allograft rejection in vivo. Costimulatory requirements for discordant xenospecific cellular responses remain undefined. We have evaluated costimula ... Link to item Cite

Convergent theories of transplantation tolerance

Journal Article Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation · June 2000 Full text Cite

Promise of costimulatory pathway modifying reagents for transplantation

Journal Article Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation · June 2000 Full text Cite

Challenges for the clinical application of transplant tolerance strategies

Journal Article Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation · June 2000 Full text Cite

Primate allotransplantation using costimulation blockade.

Journal Article TRANSPLANTATION · April 27, 2000 Link to item Cite

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha and tumor growth factor-beta1 genotype: partial association with intragraft gene expression in two cases of long-term peripheral tolerance to a kidney transplant.

Journal Article Transplantation · April 15, 2000 Genomic DNA was obtained from peripheral blood samples of patients JB and DS each of whom received a kidney transplant at 16 years of age from a serologically HLA-DR matched and HLA-class I -mismatched donor. Both patients discontinued immunosuppression af ... Full text Link to item Cite

Renin-angiotensin system gene expression in post-transplant hypertension predicts allograft function.

Journal Article Transplantation · April 15, 2000 BACKGROUND: Registry analyses and single-center studies have demonstrated that hypertension significantly increases the risk for chronic graft loss. The graft itself may contribute to posttransplant hypertension, and intragraft vasoactive hormones therefor ... Full text Link to item Cite

Simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation and living related donor renal transplantation in patients with diabetes: is there a difference in survival?

Journal Article Ann Surg · March 2000 OBJECTIVE: To compare the outcome of simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation (SPK) and living related donor renal transplantation (LRD) in patients with diabetes. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: It remains unanswered whether diabetic patients with end-stage ... Full text Link to item Cite

CD40 ligand (CD154) triggers a short-term CD4(+) T cell activation response that results in secretion of immunomodulatory cytokines and apoptosis.

Journal Article J Exp Med · February 21, 2000 Signals generated through CD28-B7 and CD40 ligand (CD40L)-CD40 interactions have been shown to be crucial for the induction of long-term allograft survivability. We have recently demonstrated that humanized anti-CD40L (hu5C8) prevents rejection of mismatch ... Full text Link to item Cite

Potential of costimulation-based therapies for composite tissue allotransplantation.

Journal Article Microsurgery · 2000 Clinical success has not been routinely achieved for composite tissue allotransplantation (CTA). Although most of the technical details of CTA have been overcome, the immunological aspects of these procedures have proved complex. Many traumatic conditions ... Full text Link to item Cite

Clinically stable human renal allografts contain histological and RNA-based findings that correlate with deteriorating graft function.

Journal Article Transplantation · November 27, 1999 BACKGROUND: Chronic rejection (CR) remains idiopathic, difficult to prospectively identify, and once detected, unresponsive to increased immunosuppression. We hypothesized that clinically stable human renal allografts have ongoing evidence of injury and im ... Full text Link to item Cite

The future of organ and tissue transplantation: can T-cell costimulatory pathway modifiers revolutionize the prevention of graft rejection?

Journal Article JAMA · September 15, 1999 Transplantation therapies have revolutionized care for patients with endstage organ (kidney, liver, heart, lung, and pancreatic beta-cell) failure, yet significant problems persist with treatments designed to prevent graft rejection. Antirejection therapie ... Full text Link to item Cite

Long-term survival and function of intrahepatic islet allografts in rhesus monkeys treated with humanized anti-CD154.

Journal Article Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · July 6, 1999 Reported effects of anti-CD154 treatment on autoimmunity, alloreactivity, and inflammatory events mediated by macrophages and endothelial cells indicated that it might be an ideal agent for the prevention of intrahepatic islet allograft failure. This hypot ... Full text Link to item Cite

Long-term survival and function of intrahepatic islet allografts in baboons treated with humanized anti-CD154.

Journal Article Diabetes · July 1999 Clinical islet cell transplantation has resulted in insulin independence in a limited number of cases. Rejection, recurrence of autoimmunity, and impairment of normal islet function by conventional immunosuppressive drugs, e.g., steroids, tacrolimus, and c ... Full text Link to item Cite

Treatment with humanized monoclonal antibody against CD154 prevents acute renal allograft rejection in nonhuman primates.

Journal Article Nat Med · June 1999 CD154 is the ligand for the receptor CD40. This ligand-receptor pair mediates endothelial and antigen-presenting cell activation, and facilitates the interaction of these cells with T cells and platelets. We demonstrate here that administration of a CD154- ... Full text Link to item Cite

Immunosuppression without immunosuppression? How to be a tolerant individual in a dangerous world.

Journal Article Transpl Infect Dis · March 1999 The field of transplantation has developed based on two principles: allografts are rejected because they express foreign antigens, and the immune system must be suppressed to prevent rejection. Recently, in vitro and in vivo experimental evidence has accum ... Full text Link to item Cite

Transplantation tolerance: a look at the nonhuman primate literature in the light of modern tolerance theories.

Journal Article Crit Rev Immunol · 1999 Ever since the beginning of clinical transplantation, investigators have searched for a way to transplant tissues from one person to another without chronic immunosuppression. That goal, known as allograft tolerance, has remained clinically elusive. In the ... Link to item Cite

Analysis of primate renal allografts after T-cell depletion with anti-CD3-CRM9.

Journal Article Transplantation · July 15, 1998 BACKGROUND: FN18-CRM9 is a CD3-specific immunotoxin that is capable of depleting CD3+ T cells. Pretreatment of rhesus monkeys with this agent before transplantation can induce donor-specific tolerance and "split tolerance" to renal allografts. METHODS: Het ... Full text Link to item Cite

Infant pediatric liver transplantation results equal those for older pediatric patients.

Journal Article J Pediatr Surg · January 1998 METHODS: From July 1984 to July 1995, 99 pediatric patients underwent 127 orthotopic liver transplants (OLT) at the University of Wisconsin Children's Hospital. The patients were divided into four groups according to age at time of transplant: group I, 0 t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Posttransplant diastolic hypertension: associations with intragraft transforming growth factor-beta, endothelin, and renin transcription.

Journal Article Transplantation · December 27, 1997 BACKGROUND: Diastolic hypertension after renal transplantation leads to significant chronic morbidity and mortality. Recently, calcineurin phosphatase inhibition by cyclosporine or tacrolimus has been postulated to lead to diastolic hypertension through th ... Full text Link to item Cite

CTLA4-Ig and anti-CD40 ligand prevent renal allograft rejection in primates.

Journal Article Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · August 5, 1997 Selective inhibition of T cell costimulation using the B7-specific fusion protein CTLA4-Ig has been shown to induce long-term allograft survival in rodents. Antibodies preventing the interaction between CD40 and its T cell-based ligand CD154 (CD40L) have b ... Full text Link to item Cite

A survivor of breast cancer with immunity to MUC-1 mucin, and lactational mastitis.

Journal Article Cancer Immunol Immunother · January 1997 The human mucin, MUC-1, is a transmembrane glycoprotein that is produced by both normal an malignant epithelium. The MUC-1 produced by malignant epithelium is underglycosylated, which leads to the expression by tumors of novel T and B cell epitopes on the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Clinical hepatitis after transplantation of hepatitis C virus-positive kidneys: HLA-DR3 as a risk factor for the development of posttransplant hepatitis.

Journal Article Transplantation · December 27, 1996 BACKGROUND: Exposure to hepatitis C virus (HCV) and subsequent infection after renal transplantation lead to significant clinical hepatitis in approximately 50% of graft recipients. METHODS: One hundred thirty-two consecutive renal allotransplant patients, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Simultaneous pancreas - kidney transplantation: Recent experience at the University of Wisconsin

Journal Article Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology and Diabetes · 1996 After a decade of rapid development, simultaneous pancreas - kidney (SPK) transplantation has become routine at the University of Wisconsin (UW). Since developing the concept of direct drainage of pancreas allograft exocrine secretions into the urinary bla ... Cite

Rapid, comprehensive analysis of human cytokine mRNA and its application to the study of acute renal allograft rejection.

Journal Article Hum Immunol · June 1995 Cytokine mRNA analysis was performed on human renal allograft needle core biopsies by a PCR-based assay. The assay was specifically developed to be capable of simultaneous analysis of multiple interleukin transcripts (IL-1-IL-12), as well as those of other ... Full text Link to item Cite

Simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation at the University of Wisconsin.

Journal Article Clin Transpl · 1995 After a decade of rapid development, SPK transplantation has become routine at our center. There are several developments responsible for the current high level of success: UW preservation solution, improved surgical technique, advances in immunosuppressio ... Link to item Cite

The effect of soluble complement receptor type 1 on hyperacute rejection of porcine xenografts.

Journal Article Transplantation · February 1994 The use of xenografts (Xgs) from distantly related species to relieve the increasing shortage of organs for clinical transplantation is prevented by the occurrence of hyperacute rejection (HAR). This process, in which C activation plays a central role, can ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ex vivo characterization of human anti-porcine hyperacute cardiac rejection.

Journal Article Transplantation · October 1993 Hyperacute rejection (HAR) currently precludes the use of discordant organs for human transplantation. In order to comprehensively evaluate HAR in a clinically applicable species combination, we have developed an ex vivo perfusion model utilizing a neonata ... Full text Link to item Cite

Characterization of human anti-porcine "natural antibodies" recovered from ex vivo perfused hearts--predominance of IgM and IgG2.

Journal Article Transplantation · May 1993 Hyperacute rejection is a major obstacle to successful transplantation of vascularized xenogeneic organs and is believed to be mediated at least in part by performed xenoreactive "natural antibodies" (NAb). In this study, human NAb that could be involved i ... Full text Link to item Cite

The human antiporcine cellular repertoire. In vitro studies of acquired and innate cellular responsiveness.

Journal Article Transplantation · April 1993 Discordant xenogeneic transplantation offers a potentially unlimited source of donor organs from easily bred, nonendangered, physiologically compatible animals, but has been limited by the inevitable occurrence of hyperacute rejection (HAR). The potential ... Link to item Cite

Human antiporcine mixed lymphocyte reaction.

Journal Article Transplant Proc · February 1993 Link to item Cite

Characterization of T cells expressing the gamma/delta antigen receptor in human renal allografts.

Journal Article Hum Immunol · January 1993 To investigate the role of gamma/delta+ T cells in allograft rejection, we have studied the TCR phenotype and function of lymphocytes infiltrating rejecting, rejected, and nonrejecting human renal allografts. Two-color immunohistologic staining showed that ... Full text Link to item Cite

Variables affecting the T cell receptor V beta repertoire heterogeneity of T cells infiltrating human renal allografts.

Journal Article Transpl Immunol · 1993 Donor-specific, alloreactive T cell lines may be grown from cells infiltrating human renal allografts. These T cell lines utilize restricted T cell receptor (TCR) beta-chain variable (V beta) gene repertoires, although long-term culture appears to be neces ... Full text Link to item Cite

Renal allograft-infiltrating lymphocytes. A prospective analysis of in vitro growth characteristics and clinical relevance.

Journal Article Transplantation · February 1992 One-hundred consecutive human renal allograft Tru-cut needle biopsies were studied for in vitro proliferation of T lymphocytes under restrictive culture conditions containing low-dose recombinant interleukin 2. Each biopsy was entered into a blinded code a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Toothbrush swallowing.

Journal Article Arch Surg · March 1988 We encountered four cases of toothbrush swallowing and reviewed the literature on this subject. A total of 31 toothbrushes within the gastrointestinal tract have been reported. None have passed spontaneously. Several have caused significant complications r ... Full text Link to item Cite