Scholars@Duke
Jonathan R.T. Davidson

Jonathan R.T. Davidson

Professor Emeritus of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Adult Psychiatry & Psychology
david011@mc.duke.edu
Box 102505, Durham, NC 27710
North Pavilion, Box 102505, Durham, NC 27710

Selected Publications

Bernard Hart (1879-1966) and his influence on British psychiatry.

Journal Article J Med Biogr · August 2023 Bernard Hart was among the most eminent 20th-century British psychiatrists. Following medical qualification at University College Hospital, London, he trained in psychiatry, which included two years studying in Paris and Zurich. He was appointed as the fir ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

The prescriber's guide to classic MAO inhibitors (phenelzine, tranylcypromine, isocarboxazid) for treatment-resistant depression.

Journal Article CNS Spectr · August 2023 This article is a clinical guide which discusses the "state-of-the-art" usage of the classic monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) antidepressants (phenelzine, tranylcypromine, and isocarboxazid) in modern psychiatric practice. The guide is for all clinicians ... Full text Link to item Cite

Exercise and Escitalopram in the Treatment of Anxiety in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease: One Year Follow-Up of the UNWIND Randomized Clinical Trial.

Journal Article J Cardiovasc Dev Dis · September 22, 2022 Anxiety is common among patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and is associated with a worse prognosis. UNWIND was a 12-week randomized clinical trial comparing exercise and escitalopram to placebo on measures of anxiety, depression, and CHD biomarker ... Full text Link to item Cite

Longer term benefits of exercise and escitalopram in the treatment of anxiety in patients with coronary heart disease: Six month follow-up of the UNWIND randomized clinical trial.

Journal Article Am Heart J · September 2022 BACKGROUND: Anxiety is a common comorbidity in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and is associated with worse prognosis. However, effective treatment for anxiety in CHD patients is uncertain. The UNWIND randomized clinical trial showed that 12-wee ... Full text Link to item Cite

Resilience: Taking Its Measure Across the Life Span.

Journal Article Am J Geriatr Psychiatry · December 2021 Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Effect of Exercise, Escitalopram, or Placebo on Anxiety in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease: The Understanding the Benefits of Exercise and Escitalopram in Anxious Patients With Coronary Heart Disease (UNWIND) Randomized Clinical Trial.

Journal Article JAMA Psychiatry · November 1, 2021 IMPORTANCE: Anxiety is common among patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and is associated with worse health outcomes; however, effective treatment for anxiety in patients with CHD is uncertain. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether exercise and escitalopr ... Full text Link to item Cite

The role of comorbid anxiety in exercise and depression trials: Secondary analysis of the SMILE-II randomized clinical trial.

Journal Article Depress Anxiety · February 2021 OBJECTIVES: To explore the anxiolytic effects of a 4-month randomized, placebo-controlled trial of exercise and antidepressant medication in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), and to examine the potential modifying effects of anxiety in treatin ... Full text Link to item Cite

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised, Other-than-Placebo Controlled, Trials of Non-Individualised Homeopathic Treatment.

Journal Article Homeopathy · May 2019 INTRODUCTION: This study focuses on randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of non-individualised homeopathic treatment (NIHT) in which the control (comparator) group was other than placebo (OTP). OBJECTIVES: To determine the comparative effectiveness of NIHT ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

The music of war: Seven World War 1 composers and their experience of combat.

Journal Article J Med Biogr · November 2018 The effect of World War 1 military service on composers has been neglected in comparison with poets and artists. This article describes the wartime service of Arthur Bliss, Ralph Vaughan Williams, Ivor Gurney, EJ Moeran, Gordon Jacob, Patrick Hadley, and M ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised, Other-than-Placebo Controlled, Trials of Individualised Homeopathic Treatment.

Journal Article Homeopathy · November 2018 BACKGROUND:  This study focuses on randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of individualised homeopathic treatment (IHT) in which the control (comparator) group was other than placebo (OTP). AIMS:  To determine the comparative effectiveness of IHT on health-re ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Allan McLane Hamilton.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · July 1, 2018 Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Biological aspects of post-traumatic stress disorder

Chapter · January 1, 2018 In 1864 Mitchell, Moorehouse, and Keen’ described the myriad effects of combat in veterans of the American Civil War. These ailments were variously described as soldier’s heart, Da Costa’s syndrome (effort syndrome), and neurasthenia. Interest in the effec ... Full text Cite

The Wesselhoefts: A medical dynasty from the age of Goethe to the era of nuclear medicine.

Journal Article J Med Biogr · November 2017 For six generations, members of the Wesselhoeft family have practiced medicine in Germany, Denmark, Switzerland, Canada and/or the USA. In the early decades of the 19th century, two Wesselhoeft brothers left Europe to eventually settle in New England, wher ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials of non-individualised homeopathic treatment: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Journal Article Syst Rev · March 24, 2017 BACKGROUND: A rigorous systematic review and meta-analysis focused on randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of non-individualised homeopathic treatment has not previously been reported. We tested the null hypothesis that the main outcome of treatment using a ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Ralph Albert Blakelock (1847-1919): Psychiatric hospitalization and the abduction of an American landscape artist.

Journal Article J Med Biogr · February 2017 Ralph Blakelock was a leading American landscape painter. Much of his life was lived in obscurity and destitution. He developed late onset paranoid schizophrenia, resulting in prolonged hospitalization. During his time in hospital, demand for Blakelock's w ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Bayard Holmes (1852-1924) and Henry Cotton (1869-1933): Surgeon-psychiatrists and their tragic quest to cure schizophrenia.

Journal Article J Med Biogr · November 2016 Early 20th-century medicine was dominated by the infectious theory of disease. Some leading physicians believed that infection or the accumulation of toxic substances from bacterial stasis caused a wide range of diseases, including schizophrenia. In the ca ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Individualized Homeopathy: A Consideration of Its Relationship to Psychotherapy.

Journal Article J Altern Complement Med · August 2016 OBJECTIVES: The benefit and potential mechanisms of action of homeopathy have long been debated. Almost entirely neglected has been the study of individualized homeopathy (IH) as a form of psychotherapy, which incorporates factors that are common to most t ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Embracing synchronicity: Toward a new medical science of meaningful coincidence

Journal Article Jung Journal: Culture and Psyche · July 2, 2016 Bernard Beitman’s book Connecting with Coincidence offers a clear and even-handed account of the ways that meaningful coincidence can affect people in all aspects of life. Beitman discusses some links between coincidence and Jung’s ideas of synchronicity. ... Full text Open Access Cite

Treatment of anxiety in patients with coronary heart disease: Rationale and design of the UNderstanding the benefits of exercise and escitalopram in anxious patients WIth coroNary heart Disease (UNWIND) randomized clinical trial.

Journal Article Am Heart J · June 2016 BACKGROUND: Anxiety is highly prevalent among patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), and there is growing evidence that high levels of anxiety are associated with worse prognosis. However, few studies have evaluated the efficacy of treating anxiety in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Model validity and risk of bias in randomised placebo-controlled trials of individualised homeopathic treatment.

Journal Article Complement Ther Med · April 2016 BACKGROUND: To date, our programme of systematic reviews has assessed randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of individualised homeopathy separately for risk of bias (RoB) and for model validity of homeopathic treatment (MVHT). OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Pharmacotherapy of post-traumatic stress disorder: Going beyond the guidelines

Journal Article BJPsych Open · January 1, 2016 This article discusses the study of Harpaz-Rotem and associates, who examined patterns of medication use in first-diagnosed veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It considers the difference between practice guidelines and actual prescribing; ... Full text Open Access Cite

A pilot randomized placebo-controlled trial of adjunctive aripiprazole for chronic PTSD in US military Veterans resistant to antidepressant treatment.

Journal Article Int Clin Psychopharmacol · May 2015 Many individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) experience persistent symptoms despite pharmacological treatment with antidepressants. Several open-label monotherapy and adjunctive studies have suggested that aripiprazole (a second-generation a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Vintage treatments for PTSD: a reconsideration of tricyclic drugs.

Journal Article J Psychopharmacol · March 2015 Serotonin (SSRI) and serotonin-norepinephrine (SNRI) reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) are the first-line recommended drug treatments for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD); but despite their benefits, much residual pathology remains and no new drugs have yet ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Randomised placebo-controlled trials of individualised homeopathic treatment: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Journal Article Syst Rev · December 6, 2014 BACKGROUND: A rigorous and focused systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of individualised homeopathic treatment has not previously been undertaken. We tested the hypothesis that the outcome of an individualised homeopa ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

A Century of Homeopaths: Their Influence on Medicine and Health

Book · December 1, 2014 As the values of integrative medicine continues to grow, alternative points of view and treatments are increasing in acceptance and prevalence. Homeopathic medicine is considered an important root to this approach. However, contributions of homeopathically ... Full text Cite

Examining the factor structure of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) in a post-9/11 U.S. military veteran sample.

Journal Article Assessment · August 2014 The present study examined the structural validity of the 25-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) in a large sample of U.S. veterans with military service since September 11, 2001. Participants (N = 1,981) completed the 25-item CD-RISC, a struct ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

The sleep effects of tiagabine on the first night of treatment predict post-traumatic stress disorder response at three weeks.

Journal Article J Psychopharmacol · May 2014 INTRODUCTION: We sought to test the hypothesis that improvements in sleep might mediate treatment-related improvements in daytime symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We evaluated whether changes in sleep occurring on the first night of tiaga ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

A factor analysis of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms using data pooled from two venlafaxine extended-release clinical trials.

Journal Article Brain Behav · November 2013 BACKGROUND: Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fourth Edition) (DSM-IV) three-factor posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnostic criteria was conducted to determine fit for this patient populati ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Fear, avoidance and physiological symptoms during cognitive-behavioral therapy for social anxiety disorder.

Journal Article Behav Res Ther · July 2013 We examined fear, avoidance and physiological symptoms during cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for social anxiety disorder (SAD). Participants were 177 individuals with generalized SAD who underwent a 14-week group CBT as part of a randomized controlled ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

A pilot randomized controlled trial with paroxetine for subthreshold PTSD in Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom era veterans.

Journal Article Psychiatry Res · April 30, 2013 Subthreshold posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with increased risk for suicidality, depression, and functional impairment. We thus conducted a small (N=12) pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) with paroxetine for subthreshold PTSD in Op ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Association of anxiety and depression with all-cause mortality in individuals with coronary heart disease.

Journal Article J Am Heart Assoc · March 19, 2013 BACKGROUND: Depression has been related to mortality in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients, but few studies have evaluated the role of anxiety or the role of the co-occurrence of depression and anxiety. We examined whether anxiety is associated with inc ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Resilience as a predictor of treatment response in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder treated with venlafaxine extended release or placebo.

Journal Article J Psychopharmacol · June 2012 This post-hoc analysis evaluated resilience as a predictor of treatment response in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Data were pooled from two randomized, double-blind studies conducted with adult outpatients treated with flexible doses ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

REM sleep bout duration and frequency in PTSD

Journal Article Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment and Trauma · January 1, 2012 The few pharmacological treatments shown to be effective in reducing sleep disturbance in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) might work through normalization of rapid eye movement (REM). However, evidence of REM sleep disturbance in PTSD has been inconsi ... Full text Cite

PDI-4A: an augmented provisional screening instrument assessing 5 additional common anxiety-related diagnoses in adult primary care patients.

Journal Article Postgrad Med · September 2011 Patients with nonpsychotic mental health and emotional problems are commonly seen by primary care physicians. The objective of this study was to expand the Provisional Diagnostic Instrument-4 (PDI-4) to include a short self-report screen for 5 common anxie ... Full text Link to item Cite

Brief social phobia scale - German version (BSPS-G)

Journal Article Verhaltenstherapie · September 1, 2011 Full text Open Access Cite

Homeopathic treatments in psychiatry: a systematic review of randomized placebo-controlled studies.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · June 2011 OBJECTIVE: To systematically review placebo-controlled randomized trials of homeopathy for psychiatric conditions. DATA SOURCES: Eligible studies were identified using the following databases from database inception to April 2010: PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Phobic anxiety and increased risk of mortality in coronary heart disease.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · September 2010 OBJECTIVES: To evaluate whether phobic anxiety is associated with increased risk of cardiac mortality in individuals with established coronary heart disease (CHD) and to examine the role of reduced heart rate variability (HRV) in mediating this risk. Previ ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Management of generalized anxiety disorder in primary care: identifying the challenges and unmet needs.

Journal Article Prim Care Companion J Clin Psychiatry · 2010 BACKGROUND: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders in primary care, although it is often underrecognized and undertreated. GAD is chronic, disabling, and associated with other health problems. Treatment response ... Full text Link to item Cite

Major depressive disorder treatment guidelines in America and Europe.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · 2010 The various major American and European guidelines for the treatment of depression provide similar basic principles of treatment, which include individualizing the treatment plan, preparing the patient for potential long-term treatment, providing measureme ... Full text Link to item Cite

Major depressive disorder treatment guidelines in America and Europe.

Conference The Journal of clinical psychiatry · January 1, 2010 The various major American and European guidelines for the treatment of depression provide similar basic principles of treatment, which include individualizing the treatment plan, preparing the patient for potential long-term treatment, providing measureme ... Full text Cite

International consensus statement on major depressive disorder.

Conference J Clin Psychiatry · 2010 Because considerable variability exists between countries in the management of major depressive disorder, experts in psychiatry gathered for the International Consensus Group on Depression to outline a universal treatment algorithm for this illness. The ex ... Full text Link to item Cite

A psychopharmacological treatment algorithm for generalised anxiety disorder (GAD).

Journal Article J Psychopharmacol · January 2010 Generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) is defined as excessive and uncontrollable worry and anxiety about everyday life situations. It is a chronic disorder, and is associated with substantial somatisation, high rates of comorbid depression and other anxiety d ... Full text Link to item Cite

Onset of activity and time to response on individual CAPS-SX17 items in patients treated for post-traumatic stress disorder with venlafaxine ER: a pooled analysis.

Journal Article Int J Neuropsychopharmacol · February 2009 This pooled analysis of data from two randomized, placebo-controlled trials of venlafaxine extended release (ER) assessed onset of activity and time to response on the 17 symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) listed in DSM-IV and measured by th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ethnic differences in the treatment of depression in patients with ischemic heart disease.

Journal Article Am Heart J · January 2009 OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to examine ethnic differences in depressive symptoms and antidepressant treatment in a cohort of patients undergoing diagnostic coronary angiography. BACKGROUND: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of morta ... Full text Link to item Cite

First-line pharmacotherapy approaches for generalized anxiety disorder.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · 2009 Many patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) do not receive adequate treatment. Several classes of drugs, including benzodiazepines, azapirones, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, antihistamines, ... Full text Link to item Cite

A pooled analysis of gender and trauma-type effects on responsiveness to treatment of PTSD with venlafaxine extended release or placebo.

Conference J Clin Psychiatry · October 2008 OBJECTIVE: To examine effects of gender and trauma type on response to treatment with venlafaxine extended release (ER) or placebo in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). METHOD: Data were pooled from 2 flexible-dose, parallel-group, randomi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of venlafaxine extended release on resilience in posttraumatic stress disorder: an item analysis of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale.

Journal Article Int Clin Psychopharmacol · September 2008 The aim was to evaluate the efficacy of venlafaxine extended release (ER) on characteristics of resilience, measured by the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Data were evaluated from a randomized, 6-mo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Easing the burden of social anxiety disorder.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · September 2008 Full text Link to item Cite

Treatment of post-stroke depression with antidepressants.

Journal Article J Altern Complement Med · September 2008 Full text Link to item Cite

Duloxetine treatment for relapse prevention in adults with generalized anxiety disorder: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial.

Journal Article Eur Neuropsychopharmacol · September 2008 The objective was to examine duloxetine 60-120 mg/day treatment for relapse prevention in adults with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Adult patients (N=887; mean age=43.3 years; 61.0% female) with DSM-IV-TR-defined GAD diagnosis were treated with dulox ... Full text Link to item Cite

Eastern and Western spiritual beliefs and violent trauma: A U.S. national community survey

Journal Article Traumatology · August 26, 2008 Spirituality is relevant to overall health and well-being, yet little is known about spiritual beliefs (SBs) in community samples. This report examined the associations between SBs and trauma history, and SBs and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) sympt ... Full text Cite

Anxiety Disorders: Traumatic Stress Disorders

Journal Article · August 8, 2008 This chapter outlines the clinical presentation of posttraumatic stress disorder and acute stress disorder, two anxiety disorders that may emerge following exposure to traumatic life events (eg., combat, sexual assault, physical assault, natural disasters) ... Full text Cite

Efficacy and tolerability of duloxetine in elderly patients with generalized anxiety disorder: a pooled analysis of four randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies.

Journal Article Hum Psychopharmacol · August 2008 OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and tolerability of duloxetine in elderly patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). METHODS: Acute-phase data from a subset of patients (>or=65 years) with GAD were pooled from four randomized, double-blind, placeb ... Full text Link to item Cite

Quetiapine augmentation of paroxetine CR for the treatment of refractory generalized anxiety disorder: preliminary findings.

Journal Article Psychopharmacology (Berl) · May 2008 RATIONALE: More data are needed to guide "next step" strategies for patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) remaining symptomatic despite initial pharmacotherapy. OBJECTIVE: This study prospectively examined the relative efficacy of quetiapine ver ... Full text Link to item Cite

Placebo-controlled trial of risperidone augmentation for selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor-resistant civilian posttraumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · April 2008 OBJECTIVE: Treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) with pharmacotherapy is promising, although the response to medication has generally been modest, and strategies to improve the response to antidepressant medications are needed. The primary obje ... Full text Link to item Cite

Modification effects of coping on post-traumatic morbidity among earthquake rescuers.

Journal Article Psychiatry Res · March 15, 2008 This study aims to investigate the modification effects of coping strategies on the relationships between rescue effort and psychiatric morbidity (i.e. general psychiatric morbidity and post-traumatic morbidity) in earthquake rescue workers. Firefighters ( ... Full text Link to item Cite

Escitalopram in specific phobia: results of a placebo-controlled pilot trial.

Journal Article J Psychopharmacol · March 2008 OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and safety of escitalopram in treating specific phobia. METHOD: The study was performed in an academic medical center. Adults meeting DSM-IV criteria for specific phobia were randomly assigned to 12 weeks of double-blind t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Paroxetine CR augmentation for posttraumatic stress disorder refractory to prolonged exposure therapy.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · March 2008 OBJECTIVE: Little is known about the efficacy of "next step" strategies for patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) who remain symptomatic despite treatment. This study prospectively examines the relative efficacy of augmentation of continued p ... Full text Link to item Cite

Divalproex in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in a veteran population.

Journal Article J Clin Psychopharmacol · February 2008 OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of divalproex for the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) hyperarousal symptom cluster. METHOD: Under double-blind conditions, 85 US military veterans with PTSD were randomized to treatment with divalproex ... Full text Link to item Cite

Generalized social anxiety disorder and avoidant personality disorder: structural analysis and treatment outcome.

Journal Article Depress Anxiety · 2008 There has been considerable controversy about whether generalized social phobia (GSP) and avoidant personality disorder (APD) are redundant diagnostic categories. In light of the ongoing controversy, more data are needed to help determine whether GSP and A ... Full text Link to item Cite

The impairment of Presidents Pierce and Coolidge after traumatic bereavement.

Journal Article Compr Psychiatry · 2008 The impact of bereavement in heads of government has been little studied. Two US presidents lost their teenaged sons in a traumatic manner, leaving them profoundly affected as they struggled to serve in office. We describe the bereavements of Presidents Fr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder

Journal Article Psychiatric Times · December 1, 2007 Cite

An effect-size analysis of pharmacologic treatments for generalized anxiety disorder.

Journal Article J Psychopharmacol · November 2007 Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a prevalent and impairing disorder, associated with extensive psychiatric and medical comorbidity and usually characterized by a chronic course. Different drugs have been investigated in GAD; among them are the followi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Symptoms of neurasthenia following earthquake trauma: re-examination of a discarded syndrome.

Journal Article Psychiatry Res · October 31, 2007 The authors examined symptoms of neurasthenia in the context of trauma through a survey conducted 10 months post-earthquake, among a sample of earthquake survivors in rural Taiwan. An algorithm closely resembling neurasthenia as defined in ICD-10 was desig ... Full text Link to item Cite

Quetiapine as monotherapy for social anxiety disorder: a placebo-controlled study.

Journal Article Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry · October 1, 2007 Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is one of the most common anxiety disorders. Reports have suggested an effect of the atypical antipsychotic quetiapine in anxiety disorders. Given these considerations, we conducted a controlled trial of quetiapine monotherapy ... Full text Link to item Cite

An abbreviated version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), the CD-RISC2: psychometric properties and applications in psychopharmacological trials.

Journal Article Psychiatry Res · August 30, 2007 Resilience may be an important component of the prevention of neuropsychiatric disease. Resilience has proved to be quantifiable by scales such as the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Here, we introduce a two-item version of this scale, the CD-R ... Full text Link to item Cite

Traumatic events and posttraumatic stress in cross-cultural mission assignments.

Journal Article J Trauma Stress · August 2007 In addition to cross-cultural and environmental stressors, aid workers and missionaries are frequently exposed to trauma. We explored the frequency of traumatic events, their mental health impact, and factors associated with posttraumatic stress in two gro ... Full text Link to item Cite

Post-traumatic stress disorder: an evaluation of existing pharmacotherapies and new strategies.

Journal Article Expert Opin Pharmacother · August 2007 Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is often a chronic and disabling anxiety disorder that develops after exposure to a traumatic event. Researchers have demonstrated efficacy for both pharmacologic and psychosocial interventions in the treatment of PTSD ... Full text Link to item Cite

Perceived stress in anxiety disorders and the general population: a study of the Sheehan stress vulnerability scale.

Journal Article Psychiatry Res · June 30, 2007 The objectives of this study were to (1) validate and establish normative values for a single-item, self-rated measure of perceived stress, the Stress Vulnerability Scale (SVS); and (2) compare levels of perceived stress in patients with anxiety disorders ... Full text Link to item Cite

A history of the concept of atypical depression

Journal Article Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · March 13, 2007 The term atypical depression as a preferentially monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI)-responsive state was first introduced by West and Dally in 1959. Further characterization of this syndrome and its responsiveness to antidepressants came to occupy the atte ... Cite

A history of the concept of atypical depression.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · February 2007 Atypical depression is defined as a type of depression that responds preferentially to monoamine oxidase inhibitors. In addition to mood reactivity, symptoms of atypical depression include hypersomnia, hyperphagia or weight gain, leaden paralysis, and a lo ... Full text Link to item Cite

The efficacy and tolerability of tiagabine in adult patients with post-traumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article J Clin Psychopharmacol · February 2007 The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of tiagabine in adult patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This 12-week, multicenter, double-blind study randomized patients to receive either tiagabine or placebo. Tiagabi ... Full text Link to item Cite

A history of the concept of atypical depression.

Conference J Clin Psychiatry · 2007 The term atypical depression as a preferentially monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI)-responsive state was first introduced by West and Dally in 1959. Further characterization of this syndrome and its responsiveness to antidepressants came to occupy the atte ... Link to item Cite

Profiling posttraumatic functional impairment.

Journal Article J Nerv Ment Dis · January 2007 Many individuals who have been exposed to psychological trauma suffer from impaired functioning, regardless of whether they have PTSD. Our purpose was to identify a subset of PTSD symptoms linked to functional impairment to a) improve the likelihood that i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Rudolf Steiner (1861-1925).

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · November 2006 Full text Link to item Cite

Treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder with venlafaxine extended release: a 6-month randomized controlled trial.

Journal Article Arch Gen Psychiatry · October 2006 CONTEXT: No large-scale posttraumatic stress disorder drug trials have been conducted to evaluate treatment effects beyond 12 weeks outside of those with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of venlafaxine extended r ... Full text Link to item Cite

Augmentation of sertraline with prolonged exposure in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article J Trauma Stress · October 2006 The present study was designed to determine whether augmenting sertraline with prolonged exposure (PE) would result in greater improvement than continuation with sertraline alone. Outpatient men and women with chronic PTSD completed 10 weeks of open label ... Full text Link to item Cite

Kava in generalized anxiety disorder: three placebo-controlled trials.

Journal Article Int Clin Psychopharmacol · September 2006 In this study, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of kava kava (Piper methysticum) in generalized anxiety disorder. Data were analyzed from three randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials of kava, including one study with an active comparator ( ... Full text Link to item Cite

Modafinil for atypical depression: effects of open-label and double-blind discontinuation treatment.

Journal Article J Clin Psychopharmacol · August 2006 Atypical depression, with features of hypersomnia, hyperphagia, anergia, and rejection sensitivity, is a common presentation of major depressive disorder. There are few available effective therapies for this disorder. We test modafinil, a novel wake-promot ... Full text Link to item Cite

Venlafaxine extended release in posttraumatic stress disorder: a sertraline- and placebo-controlled study.

Journal Article J Clin Psychopharmacol · June 2006 This 12-week, double-blind, multicenter trial evaluated the efficacy of venlafaxine extended release (ER), sertraline, and placebo in adult outpatients (N = 538) with a primary diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), as defined in the Diagnostic ... Full text Link to item Cite

Obsessive-compulsive disorder in callers to the Anxiety Disorders Association of America.

Journal Article Ann Clin Psychiatry · 2006 BACKGROUND: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic, impairing and often comorbid disorder. METHODS: 1000 subjects who called the Anxiety Disorders Association of America (ADAA) were surveyed and divided in three groups: (a) callers with OCD (OCD) ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pharmacologic treatment of acute and chronic stress following trauma: 2006.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · 2006 This article reviews pharmacologic treatment options for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), focusing on goals of pharmacotherapy and the clinical trial evidence for drug treatments available for PTSD. The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) ... Link to item Cite

Practical assessment and evaluation of mental health problems following a mass disaster.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · 2006 Almost all individuals who experience a severe trauma will develop symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) shortly after the traumatic event. Although the natural history of PTSD varies according to the type of trauma, most people do not develop e ... Link to item Cite

The extent and impact of mental health problems after disaster.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · 2006 Disasters are events that challenge the individual's ability to adapt, which carries the risk of adverse mental health outcomes including serious posttraumatic psychopathologies. While risk is related to degree of exposure to psychological toxins, the uniq ... Link to item Cite

Multidimensional effects of sertraline in social anxiety disorder.

Journal Article Depress Anxiety · 2006 Clinical trials of social anxiety disorder (SAD) have largely focused on the effect of treatment on symptoms of fear and avoidance, while neglecting the third clinically relevant dimension, physiological arousal. Data were combined from two previously repo ... Full text Link to item Cite

High-dose sertraline strategy for nonresponders to acute treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder: a multicenter double-blind trial.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · January 2006 OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of high-dose sertraline for patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) who failed to respond to standard sertraline acute treatment. METHOD: Sixty-six nonresponders to 16 weeks of sertraline treatment w ... Full text Link to item Cite

Integrating therapies for anxiety disorders

Journal Article Psychiatric Annals · January 1, 2006 Integrating pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy for psychiatric disorders has many benefits (Gabbard, see page 314), yet monotherapy is warranted in many cases. Improved knowledge about anxiety disorders allows the clinician to increasingly target biological ... Full text Cite

Phobic anxiety, depression, and risk of ventricular arrhythmias in patients with coronary heart disease.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · 2006 OBJECTIVE: Findings of an association between phobic anxiety and elevated risks of sudden cardiac death suggest that phobic anxiety may be related to increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias. The purpose of this study was to examine whether phobic anxiety ... Full text Link to item Cite

Botulinum toxin treatment of social anxiety disorder with hyperhidrosis: a placebo-controlled double-blind trial.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · January 2006 OBJECTIVE: Given the often prominent and persistent nature of hyperhidrosis in social anxiety disorder (SAD), to compare botulinum toxin type A to placebo for generalized SAD with hyperhidrosis, in combination with paroxetine. METHOD: Adults with severe ax ... Full text Link to item Cite

Trauma and posttraumatic stress in users of the Anxiety Disorders Association of America Web site.

Journal Article Compr Psychiatry · 2006 The Web site for the Anxiety Disorders Association of America (ADAA) receives more than 5 million visits per month and thus represents a unique medium for the study of anxiety disorders. ADAA Web site users from October 2002 to January 2003 were invited to ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mental illness in U.S. Presidents between 1776 and 1974: a review of biographical sources.

Journal Article J Nerv Ment Dis · January 2006 Numerous historical accounts suggest the presence of mental illness in US Presidents, but no systematic review has been undertaken for all holders of this office. We reviewed biographical sources regarding mental illness in 37 US Presidents from 1776 to 19 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Tiagabine for posttraumatic stress disorder: effects of open-label and double-blind discontinuation treatment.

Journal Article Psychopharmacology (Berl) · January 2006 RATIONALE: Preliminary results suggest a potential benefit of agents that enhance gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurotransmission in treating posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). OBJECTIVES: It is the aim of this study to evaluate the effect of a selecti ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pharmacotherapy of social anxiety disorder: what does the evidence tell us?

Conference J Clin Psychiatry · 2006 The treatment goals for social anxiety disorder (SAD) are to reduce fear, avoidance, physical distress, disability, and comorbidity. This review illustrates some of the primary studies used to evaluate efficacy of treatments for SAD. The selective serotoni ... Link to item Cite

A comparison of the SPRINT and CAPS assessment scales for posttraumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article Depress Anxiety · 2006 The Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-IV (CAPS) is a widely used assessment tool for (posttraumatic stress disorder) (PTSD). However, a shorter assessment tool may be beneficial for clinical work. Here, we compare such a tool, the Short PTSD Rating ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evidence-based guidelines for the pharmacological treatment of anxiety disorders: recommendations from the British Association for Psychopharmacology.

Journal Article J Psychopharmacol · November 2005 These British Association for Psychopharmacology guidelines cover the range and aims of treatment for anxiety disorders. They are based explicitly on the available evidence and are presented as recommendations to aid clinical decision making in primary and ... Full text Link to item Cite

This issue: Posttraumatic stress disorder

Journal Article Psychiatric Annals · November 1, 2005 Cite

Antidepressant therapy in patients with ischemic heart disease.

Journal Article Am Heart J · November 2005 Depressive disorders are common in patients with ischemic heart disease and have serious consequences in terms of the risk of further cardiac events and cardiac mortality. Among survivors of acute myocardial infarction, up to one fifth meet diagnostic crit ... Full text Link to item Cite

Safety and efficacy of escitalopram in the long-term treatment of generalized anxiety disorder.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · November 2005 INTRODUCTION: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a chronic disorder that requires long-term treatment. Escitalopram has previously been shown to be effective and well tolerated in the acute treatment of GAD. METHOD: Three 8-week, double-blind, placebo-c ... Full text Link to item Cite

A new treatment algorithm for posttraumatic stress disorder

Journal Article Psychiatric Annals · November 1, 2005 Treating PTSD requires selecting an appropriate first-line treatment, deciding on length of treatment, and knowing when and how to change to another approach. The algorithm presented in this article provides sequential choices to decide whether to persist ... Cite

Effects of paroxetine and venlafaxine XR on heart rate variability in depression.

Journal Article J Clin Psychopharmacol · October 2005 Depressed patients may exhibit reduced heart rate variability (HRV), and antidepressants which block norepinephrine uptake may also lower HRV. This study compared paroxetine (PAR) and venlafaxine XR (VEN-XR) on HRV. Outpatients were randomly assigned to do ... Full text Link to item Cite

Levetiracetam in social phobia: a placebo controlled pilot study.

Journal Article J Psychopharmacol · September 2005 While serotonergic antidepressants are now established as first-line pharamcotherapy for generalized social anxiety disorder (SAD), other agents with different mechanisms have shown promise in treating SAD. The aim of this pilot study is to examine the eff ... Full text Link to item Cite

The feasibility of a randomised, placebo-controlled clinical trial of homeopathic treatment of depression in general practice.

Journal Article Homeopathy · July 2005 UNLABELLED: Depression is common in general practice and lack of concordance is an important problem in its treatment. Homeopathy has few side effects and is generally associated with good compliance. We report a study investigating the feasibility of a tr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hyperforin plasma level as a marker of treatment adherence in the National Institutes of Health Hypericum Depression Trial.

Journal Article J Clin Psychopharmacol · June 2005 BACKGROUND: A previously reported clinical trial of Hypericum perforatum (St John's wort) in depression did not demonstrate efficacy. We assessed treatment adherence by measuring plasma hyperforin and evaluated the possible impact of adherence on study res ... Full text Link to item Cite

Self-reported diabetes and posttraumatic stress disorder among adults in the community.

Journal Article Prev Med · May 2005 OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between self-reported diabetes and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among adults in the community and to investigate the specificity of this link. METHOD: Data were drawn from the National Comorbidity Survey (NCS ... Full text Link to item Cite

Maintenance therapy with fluoxetine in posttraumatic stress disorder: a placebo-controlled discontinuation study.

Journal Article J Clin Psychopharmacol · April 2005 The effect of fluoxetine (FLU) in posttraumatic stress disorder was studied in a one-year trial. Subjects received open-label treatment for 6 months, followed by double-blind randomized treatment with FLU or placebo (PBO) for 6 months. Rates of relapse wer ... Full text Link to item Cite

Beliefs in karma and reincarnation among survivors of violent trauma--a community survey.

Journal Article Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol · February 2005 BACKGROUND: This survey was designed to examine beliefs in karma and reincarnation among survivors of violent trauma in the general US population. METHODS: Two community surveys were conducted in 2001. From a sample of 1,969 respondents, two groups were cr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Neuroactive steroids and suicidality in posttraumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · February 2005 OBJECTIVE: Recent studies suggest that neuroactive steroids may be altered in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Since high rates of suicidality accompany PTSD, the authors investigated neuroactive steroid levels and correlations to suicide attempts in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Predictors of posttraumatic outcomes following the 1999 Taiwan earthquake.

Journal Article J Nerv Ment Dis · January 2005 This cross-sectional study examined 10-month outcomes in survivors after the 1999 earthquake in Taiwan. Two hundred fifty-two randomly selected subjects were interviewed to assess the following: categorical assignment to full or partial posttraumatic stres ... Full text Link to item Cite

Nonpharmacologic treatments for depression in patients with coronary heart disease.

Journal Article Psychosom Med · 2005 OBJECTIVES: We review nonpharmacologic treatments for depression in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), including psychological therapies such as cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) and interpersonal therapy (IPT), aerobic exercise, St. John's wort (S ... Full text Link to item Cite

The use of aripiprazole in obsessive-compulsive disorder: preliminary observations in 8 patients.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · January 2005 OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of aripiprazole, an atypical antipsychotic with dopamine- and serotonin-stabilizing properties, as monotherapy in treating obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). METHOD: Adult subjects meeting DSM-IV criteria for OCD wh ... Full text Link to item Cite

Trauma, resilience and saliostasis: effects of treatment in post-traumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article Int Clin Psychopharmacol · January 2005 There has been growing interest in the concept of resilience and the question as to whether psychotropic medications or psychosocial treatments might have resilience-enhancing effects. This pilot study investigates resilience in a sample of patients with p ... Full text Link to item Cite

Impact of depressive symptoms on the treatment of generalized social anxiety disorder.

Journal Article Depress Anxiety · 2005 Patients with depression are often excluded from studies on the treatment of social anxiety disorder (SAD), leaving gaps in our knowledge about the impact of depressive affect on treatment for SAD. Patients participated in a randomized, placebo-controlled ... Full text Link to item Cite

Update on posttraumatic stress disorder

Journal Article Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · December 1, 2004 Cite

Social support and religiosity as coping strategies for anxiety in hospitalized cardiac patients.

Journal Article Ann Behav Med · December 2004 BACKGROUND: Prospective studies have demonstrated that anxiety is associated with an increased risk of mortality and sudden cardiac death. There is therefore a need to understand what factors contribute to anxiety in patients with coronary heart disease (C ... Full text Link to item Cite

A brief screening instrument to detect posttraumatic stress disorder in outpatient gynecology.

Journal Article Obstet Gynecol · October 2004 OBJECTIVE: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a serious anxiety disorder triggered by the experience of trauma. One in 4 individuals exposed to trauma will develop PTSD. Victims of trauma are frequent users of health care, but screening is rarely done ... Full text Link to item Cite

Fluoxetine, comprehensive cognitive behavioral therapy, and placebo in generalized social phobia.

Journal Article Arch Gen Psychiatry · October 2004 BACKGROUND: Generalized social phobia is common, persistent, and disabling and is often treated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor drugs or cognitive behavioral therapy. OBJECTIVE: We compared fluoxetine (FLU), comprehensive cognitive behavioral g ... Full text Link to item Cite

Post-traumatic stress after terrorist attack: psychological reactions following the US embassy bombing in Nairobi: Naturalistic study.

Journal Article Br J Psychiatry · October 2004 BACKGROUND: Most studies of post-traumatic stress disorder following terrorist attacks are of small samples in industrialised nations and take place months or years after the incident. AIMS: To describe reactions following the US embassy bombing in Nairobi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Differential response to placebo among patients with social phobia, panic disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · August 2004 OBJECTIVE: Placebo effects in treatment of three anxiety disorders were compared. METHOD: Treatment response and patients' treatment expectancy were examined by using data from 70 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder, social phobia, or panic disorde ... Full text Link to item Cite

Explanatory attributions of anxiety and recovery in a study of kava.

Journal Article J Altern Complement Med · June 2004 OBJECTIVE: A need exists to understand illness attribution and treatment beliefs among those seeking botanical treatment for anxiety. The objectives of this study are to evaluate explanatory beliefs about reasons for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Fluvoxamine-controlled release formulation for the treatment of generalized social anxiety disorder.

Journal Article J Clin Psychopharmacol · April 2004 BACKGROUND: Generalized social anxiety disorder is a highly prevalent anxiety disorder with deleterious effects on social and family relationships, as well as work performance. We report the results of a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled trial co ... Full text Link to item Cite

Efficacy of the novel anxiolytic pregabalin in social anxiety disorder: a placebo-controlled, multicenter study.

Journal Article J Clin Psychopharmacol · April 2004 Pregabalin is a novel compound in development for the treatment of anxiety disorders. The safety and efficacy of pregabalin for the treatment of social anxiety disorder was evaluated in a double-blind, multicenter clinical trial in which 135 patients were ... Full text Link to item Cite

Remission in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD): effects of sertraline as assessed by the Davidson Trauma Scale, Clinical Global Impressions and the Clinician-Administered PTSD scale.

Journal Article Int Clin Psychopharmacol · March 2004 Rates of remission were examined in two controlled 12-week studies of sertraline and placebo for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The performance of three scales was evaluated: the self-rated Davidson Trauma Scale (DTS), and two interviewer scales: t ... Full text Link to item Cite

A double-blind combination study of clonazepam with sertraline in obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Journal Article Ann Clin Psychiatry · 2004 This double blind, randomized, parallel, placebo-controlled study investigates whether clonazepam accelerates and/ or increases the overall response in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) who are treated with sertraline. Thirty-seven patients ... Full text Link to item Cite

Escitalopram in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder: double-blind, placebo controlled, flexible-dose study.

Journal Article Depress Anxiety · 2004 Escitalopram has been shown in clinical trials to improve anxiety symptoms associated with depression, panic disorder, and social anxiety disorder. This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of escitalopram in the treatment of genera ... Full text Link to item Cite

Posttraumatic stress disorder: acquisition, recognition, course, and treatment.

Journal Article J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci · 2004 Following exposure to trauma, a large number of survivors will develop acute symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which mostly dissipate within a short time. In a minority, however, these symptoms will evolve into chronic and persistent PTSD. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Suicidality as a Possible Side Effect of Antidepressant Treatment.

Journal Article Prim Care Companion J Clin Psychiatry · 2004 PHYSICIANS RESPOND TO THE FDA PUBLIC HEALTH ADVISORY ON WORSENING DEPRESSION AND SUICIDALITY IN PATIENTS BEING TREATED WITH ANTIDEPRESSANTS: On March 22, 2004, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a health advisory informing the public that m ... Full text Link to item Cite

Use of benzodiazepines in social anxiety disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · 2004 Benzodiazepines are advantageous treatments for anxiety disorders because they work quickly. However, benzodiazepines can vary in terms of efficacy across anxiety disorders. Benzodiazepines have been found to be a superior treatment in social anxiety disor ... Link to item Cite

Long-term treatment and prevention of posttraumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · 2004 Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a disabling condition almost universally associated with psychiatric comorbidity, reduced quality of life, and a chronic, often lifelong, course. Although acute treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors ... Link to item Cite

Consensus statement update on posttraumatic stress disorder from the international consensus group on depression and anxiety.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · 2004 OBJECTIVE: To provide an update to the "Consensus Statement on Posttraumatic Stress Disorder From the International Consensus Group on Depression and Anxiety" that was published in a supplement to The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry (2000) by presenting imp ... Link to item Cite

New Challenges for Anxiety Disorders: Where Treatment, Resilience, and Economic Priority Converge

Journal Article CNS Spectrums · January 1, 2004 Anxiety disorders are highly prevalent, are increasing in incidence, affect individuals early in life, and significantly impact health care and quality of life. As such, they are serious public health problems that deserve attention now and in the future. ... Full text Cite

A 43-year-old woman with symptoms of PTSD

Journal Article Psychiatric Annals · January 1, 2004 Full text Cite

Full and partial PTSD among earthquake survivors in rural Taiwan.

Journal Article J Psychiatr Res · 2004 In 1999, a major earthquake struck central Taiwan. Ten months after the earthquake, survivors were surveyed to examine the background factors of demographics and exposure that are associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and subthreshold posttr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assessing patient beliefs in a clinical trial of Hypericum perforatum in major depression.

Journal Article Depress Anxiety · 2004 Little is known about the beliefs of patients suffering from major depression as to the causes of their illness and effective treatments. This study introduces a new instrument for capturing these beliefs, the Explanatory Model for Depression (EMD) Questio ... Full text Link to item Cite

Improvement of anger at one week predicts the effects of sertraline and placebo in PTSD.

Journal Article J Psychiatr Res · 2004 In previous work we demonstrated an early, robust and sustained effect for sertraline vs placebo on irritability and anger in subjects with PTSD. In this report, we explore the same dataset to assess whether a clinician might usefully predict ultimate resp ... Full text Link to item Cite

Posttraumatic stress disorder in callers to the Anxiety Disorders Association of America.

Journal Article Depress Anxiety · 2004 We surveyed callers to the Anxiety Disorders Association of America (ADAA) with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and subthreshold PTSD (SPTSD). Most subjects heard about ADAA through media referrals and were satisfied with the service given by the asso ... Full text Link to item Cite

Social anxiety disorder in callers to the Anxiety Disorders Association of America.

Journal Article Depress Anxiety · 2004 Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is among the most common anxiety disorders with a lifetime prevalence of up to 16%. Among callers to the Anxiety Disorders Association of America (ADAA), we surveyed 1,000 participants using a 97-item questionnaire to understa ... Full text Link to item Cite

Spirituality, resilience, and anger in survivors of violent trauma: a community survey.

Journal Article J Trauma Stress · October 2003 This study evaluates the relationship between spirituality, resilience, anger and health status, and posttraumatic symptom severity in trauma survivors. A community sample (N = 1,200) completed an online survey that included measures of resilience, spiritu ... Full text Link to item Cite

Paroxetine in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder: pooled analysis of placebo-controlled studies.

Journal Article Expert Opin Pharmacother · October 2003 Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is increasingly understood to be a medical disorder characterised by particular psychobiological dysfunctions that respond to specific treatments. Paroxetine is a selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor that has been f ... Full text Link to item Cite

Depression with atypical features in the National Comorbidity Survey: classification, description, and consequences.

Journal Article Arch Gen Psychiatry · August 2003 BACKGROUND: Atypical depression has been found to be distinct from other types of depression in terms of psychiatric symptom profile and treatment response. However, debate continues regarding its specific characteristics, impact, and diagnostic criteria. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Posttraumatic distress and coping strategies among rescue workers after an earthquake.

Journal Article J Nerv Ment Dis · June 2003 Disaster workers are at high risk for developing psychiatric morbidity. This study examined the prevalence rates of psychiatric and posttraumatic distress and the relationship between psychiatric and posttraumatic morbidity and coping strategies among resc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pregabalin in generalized anxiety disorder: a placebo-controlled trial.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · March 2003 OBJECTIVE: Current drug therapies for generalized anxiety disorder have limitations. In a controlled trial, the novel agent pregabalin was studied for the treatment of patients with generalized anxiety disorder. METHOD: In this double-blind study, patients ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effectiveness of chromium in atypical depression: a placebo-controlled trial.

Journal Article Biol Psychiatry · February 1, 2003 BACKGROUND: Chromium picolinate (CP) has been reported to benefit patients with symptoms of atypical depression. METHODS: A placebo-controlled, double-blind, pilot study of CP was conducted in 15 patients with DSM-IV major depressive disorder, atypical typ ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mirtazapine vs. placebo in posttraumatic stress disorder: a pilot trial.

Journal Article Biol Psychiatry · January 15, 2003 BACKGROUND: Based on an earlier pilot study, as well as a theoretical consideration of its mechanism of action, we undertook a placebo-controlled, double-blind trial of mirtazapine in posttraumatic stress disorder. METHODS: Twenty-nine patients were random ... Full text Link to item Cite

Treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder: the impact of paroxetine.

Journal Article Psychopharmacol Bull · 2003 The past decade has seen remarkable advances in our ability to treat patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In addition, we are now much more aware of the prevalence of PTSD in civilian populations, and treatment studies now reflect the broad ... Link to item Cite

Pharmacotherapy of social phobia.

Journal Article Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl · 2003 OBJECTIVE: To review placebo-controlled medication trials in social phobia (SP). METHOD: Published and/or presented placebo-controlled trials of medication were reviewed and summarized. RESULTS: Phenelzine is effective in 60-70% of patients with SP and alw ... Full text Link to item Cite

Development of a new resilience scale: the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC).

Journal Article Depress Anxiety · 2003 Resilience may be viewed as a measure of stress coping ability and, as such, could be an important target of treatment in anxiety, depression, and stress reactions. We describe a new rating scale to assess resilience. The Connor-Davidson Resilience scale ( ... Full text Link to item Cite

Study refusal and exclusion from a randomized treatment study of generalized social phobia.

Journal Article J Anxiety Disord · 2003 We examine treatment exclusion and refusal rates as well as reasons for non-participation in a sub-sample of phone interviews conducted to determine eligibility for a randomized study of treatments for generalized social phobia (GSP). This study compared g ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pharmacologic treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder: a focus on antipsychotic use.

Journal Article Ann Clin Psychiatry · 2003 To review the literature on the pharmacologic treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), with a focus on reports of antipsychotic use for this illness. A MEDLINE search (1966-Oct 2002) for English only articles about pharmacologic treatment of PTSD ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hyperhidrosis in social anxiety disorder.

Journal Article Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry · December 2002 PURPOSE: Excessive sweating (hyperhidrosis) is an overlooked and potentially disabling symptom, which is often seen in social anxiety disorder (SAD). We conducted a retrospective review of data acquired in patients with SAD who had participated in placebo- ... Full text Link to item Cite

Efficacy of olanzapine in social anxiety disorder: a pilot study.

Journal Article J Psychopharmacol · December 2002 Based on evidence suggesting anxiolytic properties of the atypical antipsychotic olanzapine, this study was conducted to evaluate whether olanzapine may be efficacious in treating social anxiety disorder (SAD). This study was an 8-week, double-blind, place ... Full text Link to item Cite

Three- to four-year follow-up to an open trial of nefazodone for combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article Ann Clin Psychiatry · December 2002 Multiyear (37-51 months) follow-up data was obtained on patients who had participated in an open label trial of nefazodone that originally showed nefazodone may be useful for symptom management in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) patients. Ten patients ... Full text Link to item Cite

Surviving disaster: what comes after the trauma?

Journal Article Br J Psychiatry · November 2002 Full text Link to item Cite

Botanical medicines for anxiety: do they have a place?

Journal Article Curr Psychiatry Rep · August 2002 Full text Link to item Cite

St John's wort and depression.

Journal Article JAMA · July 24, 2002 Link to item Cite

A placebo-controlled study of Kava kava in generalized anxiety disorder.

Journal Article Int Clin Psychopharmacol · July 2002 We assessed the efficacy and safety of a botanical anxiolytic, Kava kava (Piper methysticum), in treating generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Thirty-seven adults with DSM-IV GAD were randomly assigned to 4 weeks of double-blind treatment with kava or a mat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Characterizing the effects of sertraline in post-traumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article Psychol Med · May 2002 BACKGROUND: Sertraline has a proved efficacy in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but it is unknown which symptoms respond or in what sequence this occurs. Such information might be useful clinically and heuristically. METHOD: The study examined the e ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of Hypericum perforatum (St John's wort) in major depressive disorder: a randomized controlled trial.

Journal Article JAMA · April 10, 2002 CONTEXT: Extracts of Hypericum perforatum (St John's wort) are widely used for the treatment of depression of varying severity. Their efficacy in major depressive disorder, however, has not been conclusively demonstrated. OBJECTIVE: To test the efficacy an ... Full text Link to item Cite

Homeopathic constitutional type questionnaire correlates of conventional psychological and physical health scales: individual difference characteristics of young adults.

Journal Article Homeopathy · April 2002 This study examined associations between scores for 19 different remedies on the constitutional type questionnaire (CTQ) and scores on standardized psychological and medical trait and state scales from health psychology research. Subjects were 104 young ad ... Full text Link to item Cite

Tolerability of fluoxetine in posttraumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry · February 2002 PURPOSE: In response to earlier reports that raised concerns about the tolerability of fluoxetine in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), this study was conducted to systematically delineate treatment-emergent symptoms (TES) associated wi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Achieving remission with venlafaxine and fluoxetine in major depression: its relationship to anxiety symptoms.

Journal Article Depress Anxiety · 2002 Venlafaxine, a serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI), produces significantly higher remission rates in depressed patients than do the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). In this analysis of pooled data, we explored the relatio ... Full text Link to item Cite

Fluvoxamine treatment in veterans with combat-related post-traumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article Depress Anxiety · 2002 This study was designed to investigate the efficacy of the antidepressant fluvoxamine in the treatment of combat-related post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Fifteen veterans with combat-related PTSD and no other psychiatric diagnosis except depression w ... Full text Link to item Cite

The impact of borderline personality disorder on post-traumatic stress in the community: a study of health status, health utilization, and functioning.

Journal Article Compr Psychiatry · 2002 This study examines impairment and health status and resource utilization among individuals with and without borderline personality disorder (BPD), all of whom had post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). Using data from the community-based Piedmont Health S ... Full text Link to item Cite

Davidson Trauma Scale (DTS): normative scores in the general population and effect sizes in placebo-controlled SSRI trials.

Journal Article Depress Anxiety · 2002 The Davidson Trauma Scale (DTS) was developed as a self-rating for use in diagnosing and measuring symptom severity and treatment outcome in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD); 630 subjects were identified by random digit dialing and evaluated for a his ... Full text Link to item Cite

Impact of generalized social anxiety disorder in managed care.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · December 2001 OBJECTIVE: The authors determined the costs associated with generalized social anxiety disorder in a managed care setting. METHOD: A three-phase mail and telephone survey was conducted from July to October 1998 in two outpatient clinics of a large health m ... Full text Link to item Cite

Efficacy of sertraline in preventing relapse of posttraumatic stress disorder: results of a 28-week double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · December 2001 OBJECTIVE: The study examined the efficacy of sertraline, compared with placebo, in sustaining improvement and preventing relapse over 28 weeks in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) who had completed a 12-week double-blind, placebo-controll ... Full text Link to item Cite

Symptomatic and functional assessment of social anxiety disorder in adults.

Journal Article Psychiatr Clin North Am · December 2001 There are several old and new tools for assessment of generalized SAD but few for nongeneralized SAD. Scales are available in both self-rated and interviewer-rated formats. Self-rated scales vary in appearance in length and specificity for SAD and psychome ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of kava extract on vagal cardiac control in generalized anxiety disorder: preliminary findings.

Journal Article J Psychopharmacol · December 2001 Anxiety disorders are associated with low vagal control of heart rate and increased risk of cardiac mortality and sudden cardiac death. This study examined whether the herbal anxiolytic, kava, produces improvement in vagal control in generalized anxiety di ... Full text Link to item Cite

Adverse-effect profile of kava.

Journal Article CNS Spectr · October 2001 The use of alternative therapies has increased substantially over the last decade, particularly for more chronic conditions such as anxiety. Among the most widely used treatments are medicinal herbs, or phytomedicines, such as kava (Piper methysticum), whi ... Full text Link to item Cite

The self-assessment of resilience and anxiety: psychometric properties.

Journal Article CNS Spectr · October 2001 This report describes the psychometric properties of the Self-Assessment of Resilience and Anxiety (SARA) scale within the context of a study of kava for generalized anxiety. This eight-item, patient-rated scale includes questions designed to measure calmn ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evaluating medicinal herbs.

Journal Article CNS Spectr · October 2001 Full text Link to item Cite

Social anxiety disorder in review: two decades of progress.

Journal Article Int J Neuropsychopharmacol · September 2001 Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is among the most common of all psychiatric disorders. It presents with a lifetime prevalence rate of up to 16% in the general population and, like other anxiety disorders, is more frequent in women. Patients with SAD suffer f ... Full text Link to item Cite

SPRINT: a brief global assessment of post-traumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article Int Clin Psychopharmacol · September 2001 This report describes the reliability, validity, treatment sensitivity, diagnostic performance and normative values for the Short Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Rating Interview (SPRINT), a brief, global assessment for PTSD. The SPRINT was administe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Olanzapine in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder: a pilot study.

Journal Article Int Clin Psychopharmacol · July 2001 Because the atypical antipsychotic olanzapine may be efficacious in treating post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, we conducted a 10-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled evaluation in which 15 patients were randomized 2:1 to either olanzapine o ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Constitutional Type Questionnaire: validation in the patient population of the Royal London Homoeopathic Hospital.

Journal Article Br Homeopath J · July 2001 In homeopathy the choice of a medicine is based on the total 'picture' presented by the patient. This picture includes 'constitutional type' which comprises personality, and general physical features. The Constitutional Type Questionnaire (CTQ) is designed ... Full text Link to item Cite

Do constitutional types really exist? A further study using grade of membership analysis.

Journal Article Br Homeopath J · July 2001 'Constitutional types' are a feature of homeopathy. Constitutions are constellations of mental, physical and general features. We present results of a 152-item 'Constitutional Type Questionnaire' (CTQ), relating to 19 major constitutional remedies. Patient ... Full text Link to item Cite

Multicenter, double-blind comparison of sertraline and placebo in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article Arch Gen Psychiatry · May 2001 BACKGROUND: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common illness associated with significant disability. Few large, placebo-controlled trials have been reported. METHODS: Outpatients with a DSM-III-R diagnosis of moderate-to-severe PTSD were randomized ... Full text Link to item Cite

Generalized anxiety disorder. An important clinical concern.

Journal Article Med Clin North Am · May 2001 GAD is common, often follows a chronic course, and usually is associated with extensive psychiatric and medical comorbidity. This disorder often presents in a primary care setting, commonly with somatic symptoms; it is important for primary care physicians ... Full text Link to item Cite

A Proposed Algorithm for Improved Recognition and Treatment of the Depression/Anxiety Spectrum in Primary Care.

Journal Article Prim Care Companion J Clin Psychiatry · April 2001 The International Consensus Group on Depression and Anxiety has held 7 meetings over the last 3 years that focused on depression and specific anxiety disorders. During the course of the meeting series, a number of common themes have developed. At the last ... Full text Link to item Cite

Predictors of treatment response in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry · February 2001 1. This study examines the relation between baseline clinical characteristics in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and response to treatment with a reversible monoamine oxidase A inhibitor (RIMA), brofaromine. 2. Data from two comparable, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Paroxetine for social anxiety and alcohol use in dual-diagnosed patients.

Journal Article Depress Anxiety · 2001 The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy and tolerability of paroxetine to matched placebo in adults with co-occurring social anxiety disorder and alcohol use disorder. Outcome measures included standardized indices of social anxiety and alc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mini-SPIN: A brief screening assessment for generalized social anxiety disorder.

Journal Article Depress Anxiety · 2001 The objectives of this study are to develop a brief self-rated screening instrument for generalized social anxiety disorder (GSAD) and to test the efficiency of the instrument. The Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN), a 17-item self-administered scale for GSAD, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pharmacotherapy of generalized anxiety disorder.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · 2001 Benzodiazepines have traditionally been used to treat acute anxiety disorders, but they are not ideal in the treatment of chronic generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Following long-term therapy, benzodiazepines have the potential to produce dependency and ... Link to item Cite

What is generalized anxiety disorder?

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · 2001 Generalized, persistent, and free-floating anxiety was first described by Freud in 1894, although the diagnostic term generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) was not included in classification systems until 1980 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Dis ... Link to item Cite

Insight and treatment outcome in obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Journal Article Compr Psychiatry · 2001 To determine whether (1) insight in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) improves when OCD symptoms improve, and whether (2) degree of insight in OCD predicts response to sertraline, data were obtained from five sites participating in a larger multisite stu ... Full text Link to item Cite

Posttraumatic stress disorder: diagnosis and epidemiology, comorbidity and social consequences, biology and treatment.

Journal Article Neuropsychobiology · 2001 Epidemiological studies clearly indicate that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is becoming a major health concern worldwide even if still poorly recognized and not well treated. PTSD commonly co-occurs with other psychiatric disorders, and several symp ... Full text Link to item Cite

Clinician-administered PTSD scale: a review of the first ten years of research.

Journal Article Depress Anxiety · 2001 The Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) is a structured interview for assessing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnostic status and symptom severity. In the 10 years since it was developed, the CAPS has become a standard criterion measure in th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Neurobiological mechanisms in generalized anxiety disorder.

Conference J Clin Psychiatry · 2001 Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a common and serious disorder. Despite this fact, there is no clear understanding of the exact neurobiological changes underlying the condition. To date, there are few studies of neurobiological function in patients wi ... Link to item Cite

Consensus statement on transcultural issues in depression and anxiety from the International Consensus Group on Depression and Anxiety.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · 2001 OBJECTIVE: To provide primary care physicians with a better understanding of transcultural issues in depression and anxiety. PARTICIPANTS: The 4 members of the International Consensus Group on Depression and Anxiety were James C. Ballenger (chair), Jonatha ... Link to item Cite

Advances and emerging treatments in social phobia

Journal Article Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · January 1, 2001 Cite

Generalized anxiety disorder: nature and course.

Conference J Clin Psychiatry · 2001 Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a chronic and highly prevalent disorder in the adult population, yet it remains a relatively poorly understood condition. Clinicians may be familiar with the symptoms of enduring excessive worrying, anxiety, and hyperv ... Link to item Cite

Consensus statement on generalized anxiety disorder from the International Consensus Group on Depression and Anxiety.

Conference J Clin Psychiatry · 2001 OBJECTIVE: To provide primary care clinicians with a better understanding of management issues in generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and guide clinical practice with recommendations on the appropriate treatment strategy. PARTICIPANTS: The 4 members of the ... Link to item Cite

Further discussion of EMDR for treatment of PTSD.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · October 2000 Full text Link to item Cite

EMDR for treatment of PTSD.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · October 2000 Full text Link to item Cite

Psychodynamic psychotherapy for PTSD.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · October 2000 Link to item Cite

Defining an appropriate management strategy for social anxiety disorder.

Journal Article Int Clin Psychopharmacol · July 2000 Social anxiety disorder is a chronic and disabling, yet treatable, condition. Effective treatment should alleviate the core domains of fear, anxiety and physiological symptoms, as well as reduce overall disability and improve social functioning. Response t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Symptom-specific effects of fluoxetine in post-traumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article Int Clin Psychopharmacol · July 2000 The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors have become a first line treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In a recent double-blind study in civilians, fluoxetine produced clinically and statistically significant effects on all general measu ... Full text Link to item Cite

Lack of efficacy for fluoxetine in PTSD: a placebo controlled trial in combat veterans.

Journal Article Ann Clin Psychiatry · June 2000 BACKGROUND: Fluoxetine and placebo were studied in a population of combat veterans with severe, chronic PTSD. METHODS: Twelve male veterans with PTSD were enrolled in a 12 week double-blind evaluation of fluoxetine and placebo. Mean fluoxetine dose at endp ... Full text Link to item Cite

Psychometric properties of the Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN). New self-rating scale.

Journal Article Br J Psychiatry · April 2000 BACKGROUND: Of available self-rated social phobia scales, none assesses the spectrum of fear, avoidance, and physiological symptoms, all of which are clinically important. Because of this limitation, we developed the Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN). AIMS: T ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ambulatory cardiovascular activity in Vietnam combat veterans with and without posttraumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article J Consult Clin Psychol · April 2000 The present study investigated the relationship between daily diary affect ratings and ambulatory cardiovascular activity in 117 male Vietnam combat veterans (61 with posttraumatic stress disorder [PTSD] and 56 without PTSD). Participants completed 12-14 h ... Full text Link to item Cite

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in post-traumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article J Psychopharmacol · March 2000 Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a complex psychiatric condition, which can be triggered by a variety of traumatic events. Lifetime prevalence rates range from 1.3% to 10.4%, with women twice as likely as men to be affected. The clinical management ... Full text Link to item Cite

Completeness of response and quality of life in mood and anxiety disorders.

Journal Article Depress Anxiety · 2000 Mental health care has traditionally focused on the need to document relief of specific symptoms of a psychiatric disorder, as well as how the patient functions in social roles. Recently, there has been increased attention paid to the issue of quality of l ... Full text Link to item Cite

Trauma: the impact of post-traumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article J Psychopharmacol · 2000 Trauma has an enormous impact on both individuals and society as a whole. Recognition of the extent of this impact by the medical profession has been relatively slow but, with our growing appreciation of the prevalence of trauma exposure in civilian as wel ... Full text Link to item Cite

Social anxiety disorder under scrutiny.

Journal Article Depress Anxiety · 2000 Social anxiety disorder (social phobia) is a chronic disabling condition. As with many psychiatric disorders, the condition is likely to have several causes, including genetic and familial factors, early experiences, and cognitive mechanisms. This review w ... Link to item Cite

Posttraumatic stress disorder: epidemiology and health-related considerations.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · 2000 Epidemiologic studies show that prevalence of trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is substantial in modern society. Most people will experience a traumatic event at some point in their life, and up to 25% of them will develop the disorder. Demo ... Link to item Cite

Pharmacotherapy of posttraumatic stress disorder: treatment options, long-term follow-up, and predictors of outcome.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · 2000 Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a prevalent and disabling condition. Treatment is essential to reduce symptoms, increase the patient's functioning and well-being, and reduce comorbidity with other psychological disorders. Evidence suggests that psy ... Link to item Cite

New strategies for the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder

Journal Article Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · January 1, 2000 Cite

Consensus statement on posttraumatic stress disorder from the International Consensus Group on Depression and Anxiety.

Conference J Clin Psychiatry · 2000 OBJECTIVE: To provide primary care clinicians with a better understanding of management issues in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and guide clinical practice with recommendations on the appropriate management strategy. PARTICIPANTS: The 4 members of t ... Link to item Cite

Alternative therapy use by psychiatric outpatients.

Journal Article J Nerv Ment Dis · November 1999 Full text Link to item Cite

Derivation of the SPAN, a brief diagnostic screening test for post-traumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article Psychiatry Res · October 18, 1999 The Davidson Trauma Scale (DTS) is a validated 17-item self-rating scale used in the diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which is sensitive to the effects of treatment. It was felt that a shorter version of the scale might provide a better ... Full text Link to item Cite

Functional impairment and utilization of services associated with posttraumatic stress in the community.

Journal Article J Trauma Stress · October 1999 This study describes social functioning and service utilization patterns associated with posttraumatic stress symptoms relative to nonpsychiatric controls and depressive disorder controls in a cross-sectional epidemiological survey. Data from 49 cases and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Efficacy, safety, and tolerability of venlafaxine extended release and buspirone in outpatients with generalized anxiety disorder.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · August 1999 BACKGROUND: The objective of this randomized, double-blind study was to compare the efficacy and safety of venlafaxine extended release (XR) and buspirone in outpatients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) but without concomitant major depressive disor ... Full text Link to item Cite

Treatment of social phobia with gabapentin: a placebo-controlled study.

Journal Article J Clin Psychopharmacol · August 1999 A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of gabapentin in relieving the symptoms of social phobia. Sixty-nine patients were randomly assigned to receive double-blind treatment wi ... Full text Link to item Cite

The economic burden of anxiety disorders in the 1990s.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · July 1999 BACKGROUND: We assess the annual economic burden of anxiety disorders in the United States from a societal perspective. METHOD: Using data from the National Comorbidity Study, we applied multivariate regression techniques to calculate the costs associated ... Full text Link to item Cite

Fluoxetine in post-traumatic stress disorder. Randomised, double-blind study.

Journal Article Br J Psychiatry · July 1999 BACKGROUND: Most pharmacotherapy trials in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have been conducted upon male combat veterans. Outcome studies relating to civilians are therefore needed. AIMS: To demonstrate that fluoxetine is more effective than placebo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Fluvoxamine treatment of social phobia (social anxiety disorder): a double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · May 1999 OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of fluvoxamine for the treatment of social phobia (social anxiety disorder). METHOD: In a 12-week multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, 92 patients with social ph ... Full text Link to item Cite

A preliminary study of lamotrigine for the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article Biol Psychiatry · May 1, 1999 BACKGROUND: The anticonvulsant, lamotrigine, may be useful for symptom management in PTSD. METHODS: Subjects enrolled in a 12-week double-blind evaluation of lamotrigine and placebo. Patients were randomized 2:1 to either lamotrigine or placebo. Lamotrigin ... Full text Link to item Cite

Quality of life and posttraumatic stress disorder: a pilot study assessing changes in SF-36 scores before and after treatment in a placebo-controlled trial of fluoxetine.

Journal Article J Trauma Stress · April 1999 In this small pilot study, we evaluated quality of life for 16 posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) patients by administering the Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) at baseline and endpoint during a 12-week double-blind trial o ... Full text Link to item Cite

Nefazodone in post-traumatic stress disorder: results from six open-label trials.

Journal Article Int Clin Psychopharmacol · March 1999 Nefazodone, an antidepressant which blocks serotonin (5-HT)2 receptors and 5-HT reuptake, was evaluated in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in six open-label studies involving both civilians and combat veterans. Our objective was to r ... Full text Link to item Cite

Social phobia: issues in assessment and management.

Journal Article Epilepsia · 1999 Social phobia was initially classified with phobic anxiety states and was believed to be quite rare, but it is now gaining due recognition as a widespread and often crippling disorder. The boundaries of social phobia merge into traits of shyness and univer ... Full text Link to item Cite

Management of posttraumatic stress disorder: diagnostic and therapeutic issues.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · 1999 Although the hallmark symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are clear, this disorder is not always properly diagnosed. Reasons for misdiagnosis include a high rate of comorbidity, patient denial or minimization, overly high diagnostic thresholds ... Link to item Cite

Demographics, treatment seeking, and diagnoses of anxiety support group participants.

Journal Article J Anxiety Disord · 1999 Two peer-led anxiety disorder support groups were surveyed to ascertain characteristics of individuals seeking the services of these groups. Both groups had received information and consultation from the Anxiety Disorders Association of America. One hundre ... Full text Link to item Cite

Further psychometric assessment of the TOP-8: a brief interview-based measure of PTSD.

Journal Article Depress Anxiety · 1999 The TOP-8 scale was developed as a brief, clinician-administered scale for use in assessing responses to treatment in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder. Further psychometric evaluation of the scale has now been undertaken and is reported and dis ... Full text Link to item Cite

A pilot study of mirtazapine in post-traumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article Int Clin Psychopharmacol · January 1999 Recently, studies of pharmacotherapy for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have been focused on serotonin-selective reuptake inhibitors (SSRI), despite a number of treatment-limiting side-effects. Mirtazapine, a novel drug with both noradrenergic and s ... Full text Link to item Cite

The underrecognition and undertreatment of depression: what is the breadth and depth of the problem?

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · 1999 Currently, 1 in 6 of the population will, at some point during their lives, suffer from major depression. By the year 2020, it has been estimated that major depression will be the second most important cause of disability worldwide. Major depression is ass ... Link to item Cite

Consensus criteria for traumatic grief. A preliminary empirical test.

Journal Article Br J Psychiatry · January 1999 BACKGROUND: Studies suggest that symptoms of traumatic grief constitute a distinct syndrome worthy of diagnosis. AIMS: A consensus conference aimed to develop and test a criteria set for traumatic grief. METHOD: The expert panel proposed consensus criteria ... Full text Link to item Cite

Treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder

Journal Article Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · January 1, 1999 Cite

Generalized anxiety disorder: neurobiological and pharmacotherapeutic perspectives.

Journal Article Biol Psychiatry · December 15, 1998 The concept of generalized anxiety has evolved over many years, from initial descriptions of "anxiety neurosis" to recognition of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) as a clinical entity included in the 3rd edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual o ... Full text Link to item Cite

Discontinuation of clonazepam in the treatment of social phobia.

Journal Article J Clin Psychopharmacol · October 1998 Patients with social phobia who responded well to 6 months of open-label treatment with clonazepam were assigned to receive either continuation treatment (CT) with clonazepam for another 5 months, or to undergo discontinuation treatment (DT) using a clonaz ... Full text Link to item Cite

Homeopathic and psychiatric perspectives on grief.

Journal Article Altern Ther Health Med · September 1998 OBJECTIVE: This review describes the homeopathic analysis of grief and common remedies corresponding to this reaction. Homeopathic descriptions of grief are compared with contemporary psychiatric criteria. DATA SOURCES: Each homeopathic rubric (i.e., sympt ... Link to item Cite

Open trial of nefazodone for combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · September 1998 BACKGROUND: Because of its ability to block 5-HT2 receptors postsynaptically and inhibit 5-HT reuptake presynaptically and/or its enhancement of sleep quality, nefazodone may be useful for symptom management in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) patients ... Full text Link to item Cite

Treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder with nefazodone.

Journal Article Int Clin Psychopharmacol · May 1998 Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are useful in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but have a number of side-effects which limit their acceptability. A newer serotonergic compound, nefazodone, has a different side-effect profile, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Fluvoxamine in civilians with posttraumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article J Clin Psychopharmacol · February 1998 Full text Link to item Cite

Pharmacotherapy of social anxiety disorder.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · 1998 Antidepressants and high-potency benzodiazepines have been used successfully to treat patients with social anxiety disorder. This review considers the efficacy of irreversible and reversible inhibitors of monoamine oxidase, selective serotonin reuptake inh ... Link to item Cite

The long-term treatment of panic disorder.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · 1998 Panic disorder is a chronic and recurring condition, and there is therefore a need for long-term therapy. This paper reviews data from long-term studies of drug treatment for panic disorder to address issues of whether medication benefits persist, whether ... Link to item Cite

Bupropion sustained release: a therapeutic overview.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · 1998 Sustained-release bupropion (bupropion SR) represents a new form of an already known effective antidepressant drug. Its pharmacokinetics, mechanism of action, metabolism, and efficacy are reviewed. Benefit relative to placebo has been demonstrated in two l ... Link to item Cite

Pivotal studies of clonazepam in panic disorder.

Journal Article Psychopharmacol Bull · 1998 Clonazepam has recently been approved for the treatment of panic disorder. Two large placebo-controlled efficacy trials were completed; superior benefit was found for the drug on most measures. The studies are reviewed in relation to the criteria set forth ... Link to item Cite

Psychiatric disorders in primary care patients receiving complementary medical treatments.

Journal Article Compr Psychiatry · 1998 This study investigated lifetime and current rates of axis I diagnoses and the personality traits of neuroticism and extraversion in patients receiving complementary medical care in the United Kingdom and United States. Eighty-three patients were interview ... Full text Link to item Cite

A Consensus Meeting on Effective Research Practice in PTSD

Journal Article CNS Spectrums · January 1, 1998 The aim of this meeting was to obtain a consensus on what constitutes good research practice in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Objectives were to review relevant parameters of trials, such as the patients recruited, the means of assessing PTSD at ba ... Full text Cite

The Role of Serotonin in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Neurobiology and Pharmacotherapy

Journal Article CNS Spectrums · January 1, 1998 Much attention has been given to the role of catecholamine dysfunction in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and only recently have researchers begun to focus on serotonin (5-HT) in PTSD. Serotonin appears to be a factor in responses followin extreme st ... Full text Cite

Focus on social anxiety disorder: Introduction

Conference Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · January 1, 1998 Cite

Social anxiey disorder: Etiology and early clinical presentation: Comments

Journal Article Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · January 1, 1998 Cite

How is recovery from social anxiety disorder defined?: Comments

Journal Article Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · January 1, 1998 Cite

The nature of social anxiety disorder: Comments

Journal Article Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · January 1, 1998 Cite

Brain mechanisms of social anxiety disorder: Comments

Journal Article Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · January 1, 1998 Cite

Consensus statement on panic disorder from the International Consensus Group on Depression and Anxiety.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · 1998 OBJECTIVE: To provide primary care clinicians with a better understanding of management issues in panic disorder and guide clinical practice with recommendations for appropriate pharmacotherapy. PARTICIPANTS: The 4 members of the International Consensus Gr ... Link to item Cite

Consensus statement on social anxiety disorder from the International Consensus Group on Depression and Anxiety.

Conference J Clin Psychiatry · 1998 OBJECTIVE: The goal of this consensus statement is to provide primary care clinicians with a better understanding of management issues in social anxiety disorder (social phobia) and guide clinical practice with recommendations for appropriate pharmacothera ... Link to item Cite

The constitution: Views from homoeopathy and psychiatry

Journal Article Homeopathy · January 1, 1998 The notion that individuals differ in their physical and psychical makeup, and that these differences predispose them to various illnesses, is found throughout medical history in various healing traditions. In this paper, the authors address the use of the ... Full text Cite

Psychotherapy in the overall management strategy for social anxiety disorder: Comments

Journal Article Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · January 1, 1998 Cite

A family study of chronic post-traumatic stress disorder following rape trauma.

Journal Article J Psychiatr Res · 1998 There is evidence that familial factors serve as determinants of risk for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), especially familial anxiety. This study investigates the relationship between chronic PTSD and family psychiatric morbidity. The sample was dra ... Full text Link to item Cite

Panic disorder and social phobia: current treatments and new strategies.

Journal Article Cleve Clin J Med · 1998 Panic disorder and social phobia are among the most disabling of the anxiety disorders. The emotional cost to the patient suffering from these diagnoses is exceeded only by the very real economic costs to the community because of reduced productivity, lost ... Full text Link to item Cite

Adjunctive use of olanzapine in mood disorders: five case reports.

Journal Article Ann Clin Psychiatry · December 1997 Olanzapine has emerged as an atypical antipsychotic with few side effects and potentially superior efficacy in the treatment of schizophrenia. To our knowledge there have been few published reports of olanzapine in the treatment of mood disorders. We repor ... Full text Link to item Cite

Post-traumatic stress disorder: what's in a name?

Journal Article Med J Aust · November 3, 1997 Link to item Cite

Response characteristics to antidepressants and placebo in post-traumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article Int Clin Psychopharmacol · November 1997 Characteristic response patterns are described for two antidepressant drugs and placebo in post-traumatic stress disorder. Early onset and steady improvement occurred on a global rating scale for both drugs and placebo in those who ultimately met responder ... Full text Link to item Cite

Chronic posttraumatic stress disorder and chronic pain in Vietnam combat veterans.

Journal Article J Psychosom Res · October 1997 A study was conducted to investigate chronic pain patterns in Vietnam veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Combat veterans with PTSD completed standardized PTSD severity, pain, somatization, and depression measures. Of 129 consecutive out-pa ... Full text Link to item Cite

A repeat proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study in social phobia.

Journal Article Biol Psychiatry · September 15, 1997 Peak spectral amplitudes for choline moieties (Cho), creatine (Cr), N-acetylaspartate (NAA), and myo-inositol (mI) were examined using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in 19 social-phobia patients and 10 controls. Compared with controls, social phobi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Explained and unexplained medical symptoms in generalized anxiety and panic disorder: relationship to the somatoform disorders.

Journal Article Ann Clin Psychiatry · September 1997 We have examined the numbers and types of symptoms in a sample of 90 patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and 77 patients with panic disorder (PD) collected from six different sites during the conduct of a multicenter clinical trial. This infor ... Full text Link to item Cite

Moclobemide in social phobia: a controlled dose-response trial.

Journal Article J Clin Psychopharmacol · August 1997 Although the monoamine oxidase inhibitor phenelzine has proven efficacious in social phobia, the risk of hypertensive crises has reduced its acceptability. The reversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor moclobemide has less potential for such reactions, but it ... Full text Link to item Cite

The effects of clonazepam on quality of life and work productivity in panic disorder.

Journal Article Am J Manag Care · August 1997 Although panic disorder has been associated with impaired quality of life (QOL) and financial dependence, no prior study has examined whether a clinical intervention will improve these outcomes. This study examines the effects of clinically titrated doses ... Link to item Cite

Familial risk factors in posttraumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article Ann N Y Acad Sci · June 21, 1997 Full text Link to item Cite

Screening for trauma history on an inpatient affective-disorders unit: a pilot study.

Journal Article J Trauma Stress · April 1997 Psychiatric inpatients (N = 343) admitted to an affective-disorders unit were administered a self-rating Trauma Questionnaire (TQ) to evaluate life history of traumatic experiences. Eighty four percent of the sample identified at least one traumatic-event ... Full text Link to item Cite

Double-blind comparison of sertraline, imipramine, and placebo in the treatment of dysthymia: psychosocial outcomes.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · March 1997 OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of antidepressant pharmacotherapy on mood symptoms and psychosocial outcomes in dysthymia. METHOD: In a multicenter, double-blind, parallel-group trial, 416 patients with a diagnosis of earl ... Full text Link to item Cite

The undertreatment of dysthymia.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · February 1997 BACKGROUND: Dysthymia is a chronic depressive condition that is quite prevalent. This condition can exact a significant toll on the general health and quality of life in the affected individual. Despite the frequency and consequences of dysthymia, however, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Biological therapies for posttraumatic stress disorder: an overview.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · 1997 Both core and secondary symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) respond to medication, a valuable part of overall PTSD treatment. Treatment options include antidepressants, anxiolytics, anticonvulsants, and mood stabilizers. A growing data base of ... Link to item Cite

The eight-item treatment-outcome post-traumatic stress disorder scale: a brief measure to assess treatment outcome in post-traumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article Int Clin Psychopharmacol · January 1997 This preliminary report describes a new brief interview based assessment of post-traumatic stress disorder using an 8-item treatment-outcome post-traumatic stress disorder scale (TOP-8). The TOP-8 was developed from a larger post-traumatic stress disorder ... Full text Link to item Cite

Use of benzodiazepines in panic disorder.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · 1997 Over the past 15 years, benzodiazepines have been used successfully to treat panic disorder with agoraphobia, but not without some controversy. Efficacy and side effect data from the principal benzodiazepine outcome studies of panic disorder demonstrate th ... Link to item Cite

Homeopathic treatment of depression and anxiety.

Journal Article Altern Ther Health Med · January 1997 BACKGROUND: Homeopathy is a well-established therapeutic system with potential relevance to psychiatry, but as yet it is largely untested. OBJECTIVE: To report the use of homeopathic treatment in patients with depression and anxiety. METHODS: Individually ... Link to item Cite

Trauma: prevalence, impairment, service use, and cost.

Conference J Clin Psychiatry · 1997 A review of the literature on the epidemiology of trauma reveals that traumatic events are common: most Americans experience at least one over the course of their lives. According to recent estimates, 5% of men and 10% to 12% of women will suffer from post ... Link to item Cite

Images in psychiatry

Journal Article American Journal of Psychiatry · January 1, 1997 Cite

Prevalence and correlates of heavy smoking in Vietnam veterans with chronic posttraumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article Addict Behav · 1997 A study was conducted to investigate smoking patterns in 445 Vietnam veterans with and without posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Combat veterans with PTSD reported similar occurrence of smoking (53%) compared to combat veterans without PTSD (45%). For ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assessment of a new self-rating scale for post-traumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article Psychol Med · January 1997 BACKGROUND: In post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) there is a need for self-rating scales that are sensitive to treatment effects and have been tested in a broad range of trauma survivors. Separate measures of frequency and severity may also provide an a ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Brief Social Phobia Scale: a psychometric evaluation.

Journal Article Psychol Med · January 1997 The Brief Social Phobia Scale (BSPS) is an observer-rated scale designed to assess the characteristic symptoms of social phobia, using three subscales-fear, avoidance, and physiological arousal-which may be combined into a total score. Each of 18 BSPS item ... Full text Link to item Cite

Functional status in depressed patients: the relationship to disease severity and disease resolution.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · December 1996 BACKGROUND: We set out to measure the impact of depression and its clinical resolution on patients' functional status. METHOD: The Work and Social Disability Scale (WSDS), a five-category investigator-rated scale measuring patient functional status, was co ... Full text Link to item Cite

A 2-year follow-up of social phobia. Status after a brief medication trial.

Journal Article J Nerv Ment Dis · December 1996 Although social phobia is thought to be a chronic disorder, little is known about its long-term course in patients who engage in brief treatment studies. We, therefore, conducted a follow-up study of social phobics who had participated in a brief, placebo- ... Full text Link to item Cite

A placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial comparing sertraline and imipramine for the treatment of dysthymia.

Journal Article Arch Gen Psychiatry · September 1996 BACKGROUND: Despite the high prevalence of dysthymia and its associated morbidity, few controlled trials have evaluated the efficacy of antidepressant medication for this disorder. A 12-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, multicenter trial ... Full text Link to item Cite

Trial of trazodone for posttraumatic stress disorder using a multiple baseline group design.

Journal Article J Clin Psychopharmacol · August 1996 Six patients with combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) entered a multiple-baseline trial of trazodone, beginning with 50 mg/day and increasing to 400 mg/day until response was maximal. Total Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale scores decreased ... Full text Link to item Cite

The neurobiology of social phobia.

Journal Article Int Clin Psychopharmacol · June 1996 Studies in the neurobiology of social phobia have used neuroendocrine, naturalistic and chemical challenges, pharmacological probes, neurotransmitter system measures, peripheral receptor binding and magnetic resonance measures. Studies of the hypothalamic- ... Full text Link to item Cite

The association of sexual assault and attempted suicide within the community.

Journal Article Arch Gen Psychiatry · June 1996 BACKGROUND: Lifetime community rates of attempted suicide were compared between those who reported a history of sexual assault and a control group without such a history. METHODS: The 2918 respondents in the Duke University Epidemiological Catchment Area S ... Full text Link to item Cite

Fluvoxamine versus clomipramine for obsessive-compulsive disorder: a double-blind comparison.

Journal Article J Clin Psychopharmacol · April 1996 The efficacy and tolerability of fluvoxamine (100-300 mg/day) and clomipramine (100-250 mg/day) were compared in a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study of 79 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) without coexisting major depression. A ... Full text Link to item Cite

Quality of life and cost factors in panic disorder

Journal Article Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic · March 1, 1996 Quality of life encompasses domains of personal happiness, role fulfillment, and health status. Increasing attention has been paid to the relationship between quality of life and panic disorder, with accumulating evidence now available to suggest impairmen ... Cite

Quality of life and cost factors in panic disorder.

Journal Article Bull Menninger Clin · 1996 Quality of life encompasses domains of personal happiness, role fulfillment, and health status. Increasing attention has been paid to the relationship between quality of life and panic disorder, with accumulating evidence now available to suggest impairmen ... Link to item Cite

A multi-modal treatment for incest survivors: Preliminary outcome data

Journal Article Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy · January 1, 1996 This paper describes a pilot study of a 1-year multi-modal treatment for incest survivors, incorporating individual psychotherapy, group psychotherapy, and pharmacotherapy. The treatment was designed to provide a therapeutic context in which the affective ... Full text Cite

Meeting of minds in psychiatry and homeopathy: an example in social phobia.

Journal Article Altern Ther Health Med · July 1995 Communication between homeopaths and the biomedical community can be enhanced by an interpretation of the homeopathic repertory in light of current medical diagnostic terminology. This report reviews the current, conventional symptom formulation for social ... Link to item Cite

Biological characterization of social phobia.

Journal Article Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci · 1995 As social phobia has become clinically more clearly characterized, the search for biologic features of the disorder has been instituted. As with most psychiatric disorders, this undertaking is difficult, because of the heterogeneity of the disorder in affe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Proving methodology

Journal Article British Homoeopathic Journal · January 1, 1995 Full text Cite

Multivariate analysis of five homoeopathic medicines in a psychiatric population

Journal Article British Homoeopathic Journal · January 1, 1995 Grade of Membership Analysis (GoM) is a multivariate statistical technique developed for the purposes of medical classification. It was applied to the drug picture concept of homoeopathy, assessing five common medicines with particular applicability to anx ... Full text Cite

The boundary of social phobia. Exploring the threshold.

Journal Article Arch Gen Psychiatry · December 1994 BACKGROUND: Individuals with subthreshold social phobia (SSP) in the community are characterized relative to nonphobic, healthy controls (C), and diagnosed social phobics (SP). METHODS: Data from 1488 subjects from the Duke University Epidemiological Catch ... Full text Link to item Cite

Social phobia: outlook for the '90s.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · November 1994 Link to item Cite

Long-term safety and clinical acceptability of venlafaxine and imipramine in outpatients with major depression.

Journal Article J Clin Psychopharmacol · October 1994 The antidepressant efficacy and safety of venlafaxine was shown previously in 6-week, placebo-controlled trials. We evaluated the long-term safety and clinical acceptability of venlafaxine and imipramine in a double-blind, parallel-group, comparative study ... Link to item Cite

Bupropion in chronic low back pain.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · August 1994 Link to item Cite

Adinazolam sustained-release treatment of panic disorder: a double-blind study.

Journal Article J Clin Psychopharmacol · August 1994 Two hundred six outpatients with panic disorder and agoraphobia were randomly assigned to receive 4 weeks of treatment with placebo or sustained-release adinazolam under double-blind conditions. Eighty-eight percent of patients receiving drug and 85% of pa ... Link to item Cite

Treatment of social phobia with benzodiazepines.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · June 1994 Although social phobia is a common and highly treatable anxiety disorder, the majority of social phobics do not receive treatment. Without intervention, it is unlikely that patients will attain significant relief from the symptoms and disability associated ... Link to item Cite

Pharmacotherapy for post-traumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article Psychiatr Clin North Am · June 1994 PTSD is a common disorder with high comorbidity and a tendency toward chronicity, which responds slowly to treatment and, in many patients, may not totally resolve even with long-term treatment. For most persons with PTSD, a combined approach to treatment ... Link to item Cite

Magnetic resonance imaging in social phobia.

Journal Article Psychiatry Res · April 1994 Recent studies have implicated dopamine and the basal ganglia circuits in the pathophysiology of social phobia. Twenty-two patients who met DSM-III-R criteria for social phobia and 22 age- and sex-matched control subjects underwent magnetic resonance imagi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sexual dysfunction and antidepressants

Journal Article Depression · January 1, 1994 Antidepressants can interfere with sexual desire, arousal, or orgasm. Frequency estimates vary considerably and are likely to be influenced by methods of assessment, drug type, diagnostic group, dose, length of treatment, baseline depressive status, and in ... Full text Cite

Psychiatry and homoeopathy. Basis for a dialogue

Journal Article British Homoeopathic Journal · January 1, 1994 A comparison is made between psychiatry and homoeopathy, with reference to five homoeopathic principles. These are the law of similars, the self-healing principle, the microdose effect, Hering's Law and diagnosis through pattern recognition. There is evide ... Full text Cite

Introduction. Social phobia in review: 1993

Journal Article Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · December 1, 1993 Cite

Post-traumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article Psychiatr Clin North Am · December 1993 In the past few years, there has been a growing interest in the neurobiology of PTSD. A number of models have been proposed including possible structural changes. We have now seen the appearance in the literature of controlled and double-blind trials. Of i ... Link to item Cite

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy in social phobia: preliminary findings.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · December 1993 Proton localized magnetic resonance spectroscopy was studied in 20 social phobics and 20 age- and sex-matched controls. Stimulated Echo Acquisition Mode volume element localization was used with chemical shift imaging. Choline and creatine signal-to-noise ... Link to item Cite

Treatment of social phobia with clonazepam and placebo.

Journal Article J Clin Psychopharmacol · December 1993 Clonazepam and placebo were administered in a double-blind pilot study to 75 outpatients with social phobia. The mean maximum dose of clonazepam was 2.4 mg/day at endpoint (range, 0.5 to 3 mg). Treatment was continued for up to 10 weeks. The results of an ... Link to item Cite

The role of nuclear magnetic resonance imaging in psychiatric research.

Conference J Clin Psychiatry · December 1993 Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become an important tool in the investigation of cerebral abnormalities associated with psychiatric illnesses. There are a number of benefits of investigating psychiatric illness with MRI, which is superior to computed ... Link to item Cite

The epidemiology of social phobia: findings from the Duke Epidemiological Catchment Area Study.

Journal Article Psychol Med · August 1993 Social phobia was studied in a North Carolina community, using DSM-III criteria. Two kinds of comparison were made: social phobia v. non-social phobia, and comorbid social phobia v. non-comorbid social phobia. Six-month and lifetime prevalence rates were 2 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Predicting response to amitriptyline in posttraumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · July 1993 OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the relation between baseline clinical phenomena and response to amitriptyline in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). METHOD: Data were obtained from an 8-week placebo-controlled, double-blind study of combat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Biology of social phobia

Journal Article European Neuropsychopharmacology · January 1, 1993 Full text Cite

Social phobia: biological aspects and pharmacotherapy.

Journal Article Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry · September 1992 1. Social phobia is one of the anxiety disorders that until recently, had not been thoroughly investigated. 2. Social phobia is a relatively common anxiety disorder that appears to have a genetic basis. 3. There are certain physiological aspects of social ... Full text Link to item Cite

Erratum

Journal Article European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience · July 1, 1992 Full text Cite

Drug therapy of post-traumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article Br J Psychiatry · March 1992 Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a recently introduced diagnosis. The disorder is quite common, yet often unrecognised, and leads to significant morbidity or mortality. Effective treatment often entails use of psychotropic medication. Only recently ... Full text Link to item Cite

Erratum: Predictors of response to monoamine oxidase inhibitors: Do they exist? (Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci (1992) 241: 181-186)

Journal Article European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience · January 1, 1992 Cite

Levels of urinary free cortisol in social phobia.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · November 1991 Levels of urinary free cortisol were measured in 10 patients with social phobias and in 15 age- and sex-matched normal controls. No differences were found either in cortisol levels or in the ratio of free cortisol to creatinine. These nonsignificant differ ... Link to item Cite

The Brief Social Phobia Scale.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · November 1991 An observer measure of social phobic symptoms, referred to as the Brief Social Phobia Scale, consists of 11 items, 7 evaluating commonly feared or avoided situations and 4 additional items measuring autonomic distress. Symptoms represented by the scale ite ... Full text Link to item Cite

A 102-center prospective study of seizure in association with bupropion.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · November 1991 BACKGROUND: This trial was conducted to determine the incidence of seizures associated with the use of bupropion. METHOD: A total of 3341 depressed patients from 102 sites were enrolled in this 8-week, prospective, open trial. Following the 8-week treatmen ... Link to item Cite

Long-term treatment of social phobia with clonazepam.

Conference J Clin Psychiatry · November 1991 Twenty-six socially phobic outpatients were treated with clonazepam for the relief of symptoms. At evaluation, which took place after an average of 11.3 months of continuous treatment, 22 (84.6%) patients showed good improvement and 4 (14.4%) showed no imp ... Link to item Cite

Diagnostic issues in posttraumatic stress disorder: considerations for the DSM-IV.

Journal Article J Abnorm Psychol · August 1991 Four issues of key interest with regard to posttraumatic stress disorder in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) are discussed. These include: (a) how to define the stressor criterion, especially, whether or ... Full text Link to item Cite

Post-traumatic stress disorder in the community: an epidemiological study.

Journal Article Psychol Med · August 1991 Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was studied in the Piedmont region of North Carolina. Among 2985 subjects, the lifetime and six month prevalence figures for PTSD were 1.30 and 0.44% respectively. In comparison to non-PTSD subjects, those with PTSD ha ... Full text Link to item Cite

Fluoxetine in post-traumatic stress disorder

Journal Article Journal of Traumatic Stress · July 1, 1991 Fluoxetine was given to five nonveteran patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The maximum doses ranged from 20 to 80 mg/day, and treatment was continued for between 8 and 32 weeks. In contrast to published reports of other drugs, which were ... Full text Cite

Refining criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article Hosp Community Psychiatry · March 1991 Full text Link to item Cite

Predictors of response to monoamine oxidase inhibitors: do they exist?

Journal Article Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci · 1991 Multiple regression analysis was conducted on potential response predictors in a double-blind study of monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOI) and placebo treatment in 130 depressed outpatients. Positive main effects were found for sex (female), lack of prior ... Full text Link to item Cite

Diagnostic Issues in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Considerations for the DSM-IV

Journal Article Journal of Abnormal Psychology · January 1, 1991 Four issues of key interest with regard to posttraumatic stress disorder in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) are discussed. These include: (a) how to define the stressor criterion, especially, whether or ... Full text Cite

Social phobia in review

Conference Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · January 1, 1991 Cite

Continuation treatment of panic disorder with high-potency benzodiazepines.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · December 1990 High-potency benzodiazepines such as clonazepam and alprazolam are effective and safe in the short-term treatment of panic disorder, but less is known about their effectiveness and safety over the long term. Further understanding of these issues is importa ... Link to item Cite

Traumatic experiences in psychiatric outpatients

Journal Article Journal of Traumatic Stress · July 1, 1990 Fifty-four newly referred psychiatric outpatients were interviewed and a life history of severe traumatic experiences was taken. Forty-four gave a positive history, 17 of whom developed symptoms of post-traumatic stress (PTSS). Twelve met a past or current ... Full text Cite

Treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder with amitriptyline and placebo.

Journal Article Arch Gen Psychiatry · March 1990 Amitriptyline hydrochloride was compared with placebo in 46 veterans with chronic posttraumatic stress disorder. Treatment continued up to 8 weeks, and efficacy was measured by five observer and two self-rated scales. Percent recovery rates were higher for ... Full text Link to item Cite

Bupropion dosing recommendations.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · February 1990 Link to item Cite

New perspectives on anxiety disorders in DSM-IV and ICD-10

Conference Drug Therapy · January 1, 1990 The Anxiety Disorders Workgroup is conducting literature reviews, data reanalyses, and field trials to evaluate existing as well as possible new diagnostic criteria for DSM-IV. Current deliberations for panic disorder, agoraphobia, social phobias, simple p ... Cite

Edgar Allan Poe's ''William Wilson'' and Capgras syndrome (Reply)

Journal Article Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · January 1, 1990 Cite

Symptom and comorbidity patterns in World War II and Vietnam veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article Compr Psychiatry · 1990 Forty-four veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) from World War II and Vietnam were compared. The groups were comparable on many socioeconomic and combat measures and age at onset of PTSD. Vietnam veterans exhibited more severe PTSD symptoms, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Posttraumatic stress disorder: Recent advances in basic science and clinical research

Conference Psychopharmacology Bulletin · December 1, 1989 Cite

Measuring results of treatment of PTSD.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · December 1989 Full text Link to item Cite

Classification of depression by grade of membership: a confirmation study.

Journal Article Psychol Med · November 1989 One hundred and thirty out-patients with depression were studied by grade of membership multivariate (GOM) analysis. Five depressive types were generated. Pure Type I represented a mild form of melancholia in older, stable males, who showed a modest drug r ... Full text Link to item Cite

The corticotropin-releasing hormone test in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article Biol Psychiatry · August 1989 To evaluate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), we measured adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) and cortisol responses following administration of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) in 8 co ... Full text Link to item Cite

Seizures and bupropion: a review.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · July 1989 The relationship between seizure occurrence and use of bupropion was examined on the basis of manufacturer's reports. The observed incidence of seizures with bupropion doses of 450 mg/day or less ranged from 0.35%-0.44%, depending on the method of calculat ... Link to item Cite

Validity and reliability of the DSM-III criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder. Experience with a structured interview.

Journal Article J Nerv Ment Dis · June 1989 The DSM-III criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were operationally defined for use in a structured interview. Acceptable interrater and test-retest reliabilities were shown; diagnostic validity was demonstrated relative to a standard diagnost ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pharmacotherapy in posttraumatic stress disorder: historical and clinical considerations and future directions.

Conference Psychopharmacol Bull · 1989 Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has long been recognized as responsive to drug and somatic treatments. Clinical characteristics and patterns of treatment response were well described in the 1940s. Recent studies indicate that tricyclic antidepressants ... Link to item Cite

Symptoms of interpersonal sensitivity in depression.

Journal Article Compr Psychiatry · 1989 Six self-rated items of interpersonal sensitivity (IPS) were examined in 174 depressed outpatients. These items were "feeling critical of others," "your feelings being easily hurt," "feeling others do not understand you or are unsympathetic," "feeling othe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Familial psychiatric illness in chronic posttraumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article Compr Psychiatry · 1989 One hundred and eight veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were compared with 60 age-matched controls with regard to family history of psychiatric illness. Depressed controls had a higher morbidity risk (MR) for depression and generalized anx ... Full text Link to item Cite

Tribulin in post-traumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article Psychol Med · November 1988 Tribulin (endogenous monoamine oxidase inhibitor/benzodiazepine receptor binding inhibitor) output was measured in the urine of 18 patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and 13 controls. The level of the two inhibitory activities was highly si ... Full text Link to item Cite

The response of depressed inpatients to isocarboxazid.

Journal Article J Clin Psychopharmacol · April 1988 Fifty-six inpatients with unipolar depression completed treatment with isocarboxazid. In comparing the differences between responders and nonresponders, it was found that psychomotor retardation, pathological guilt, daily persistence of unremitting symptom ... Link to item Cite

A comparative evaluation of three discriminant scales for endogenous depression.

Journal Article Psychiatry Res · February 1988 Three discriminant scales for diagnosing endogenous depression were examined in 56 depressed inpatients. These scales were the Newcastle 1 (N1), Newcastle 2 (N2), and Michigan Index (MI). The scales agreed on diagnosis in 17 (30%) patients; respective freq ... Full text Link to item Cite

An efficacy study of isocarboxazid and placebo in depression, and its relationship to depressive nosology.

Journal Article Arch Gen Psychiatry · February 1988 Isocarboxazid and placebo were evaluated in 130 anxious depressives. Drug was superior to placebo on depression, anxiety, interpersonal sensitivity, and global measures, and on symptoms of hostility, anxiety, obsessiveness, and psychological-cognitive comp ... Full text Link to item Cite

A study of depressive typologies using grade of membership analysis.

Journal Article Psychol Med · February 1988 Grade of Membership (GOM) analysis, a multivariate technique for studying disease, was used to explore depressive typology and relationships between depression and anxiety. One hundred and ninety patients with RDC diagnoses of major or minor depression wer ... Full text Link to item Cite

The DST and posttraumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · August 1987 The dexamethasone suppression test (DST) was administered to 28 male combat veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder. Six subjects (21%) were nonsuppressors. The nonsuppression rates for the subgroups with and without major depressive disorder according ... Full text Link to item Cite

Diagnostic utility of the dexamethasone suppression test.

Journal Article Biol Psychiatry · May 1987 This article discusses the current controversy surrounding the diagnostic utility of the Dexamethasone Suppression Test, addresses the questions raised by the recent editorial by Ross in this journal, discusses the general principles behind the development ... Full text Link to item Cite

An outpatient evaluation of phenelzine and imipramine.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · April 1987 Phenelzine and imipramine were evaluated in a 5-week double-blind study of outpatients with major depression. Median daily doses of phenelzine 75 mg and imipramine 150 mg were employed. Of 27 patients 26 completed the 5-week study. Both drugs produced an e ... Link to item Cite

Personality in chronic post-traumatic stress disorder:. A study of the eysenck inventory

Journal Article Journal of Anxiety Disorders · January 1, 1987 Personality variables were assessed in 30 patients with chronic post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). World War II/Korean War (WWII/K) veterans with PTSD were significantly more introverted and neurotic than age-matched non-psychiatric controls, whether o ... Full text Cite

The effects of isocarboxazid on blood pressure and pulse.

Journal Article J Clin Psychopharmacol · June 1986 In a fixed-dose inpatient study, isocarboxazid produced a dose-related lowering of systolic blood pressure at weeks 2 and 4. Systolic blood pressure was also lowered by the drug in a placebo-controlled outpatient study. The magnitude of these reductions wa ... Link to item Cite

The Montgomery-Asberg Depression Scale: reliability and validity.

Journal Article Acta Psychiatr Scand · May 1986 The Montgomery-Asberg Depression Scale was evaluated in 44 depressed inpatients. All items of the scale occurred frequently in the sample; the scale exhibited construct validity (internal homogeneity) and concurrent validity relative to the Hamilton Depres ... Full text Link to item Cite

An assessment of the Newcastle Anxiety Depression Index.

Journal Article Acta Psychiatr Scand · May 1986 The Newcastle Anxiety and Depression Diagnostic Index (NADDI) has been reviewed, and its advantages and disadvantages discussed. One hundred eighty-seven patients were examined, and grouped into three categories by means of the NADDI, which produced a unim ... Full text Link to item Cite

Diagnostic significance of vegetative symptoms in depression.

Journal Article Br J Psychiatry · April 1986 The diagnostic importance of vegetative symptoms for melancholia was examined through DSM-III, the Newcastle Scale, and Extracted Criteria for melancholia. Statistically significant differences were diagnostically unimpressive in the case of DSM-III and th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Forms of atypical depression and their response to antidepressant drugs.

Journal Article Psychiatry Res · February 1986 Three definitions of atypical depression are evaluated with respect to the effects of monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) and tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) on the basis of pooled data from several double-blind studies. Those three definitions of atypic ... Full text Link to item Cite

Response

Journal Article Biological Psychiatry · January 1, 1986 Full text Cite

The Newcastle Anxiety Depression Diagnostic Index in relationship to the effects of monoamine oxidase inhibitors and tricyclic antidepressants.

Journal Article J Affect Disord · 1986 The Newcastle Anxiety Depression Diagnostic Index (NADDI) was applied to 151 patients who received a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) or a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) drug. The pretreatment presence of a physical stressor and absence of agoraphobia we ... Full text Link to item Cite

Platelet MAO activity in posttraumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · November 1985 Platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity was assessed in 23 patients with posttraumatic stress disorder and 19 age-matched male control subjects. An overall significantly lower MAO activity was observed in the posttraumatic stress disorder group. When the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Neurovegetative symptoms in chronic pain and depression.

Journal Article J Affect Disord · November 1985 The pattern and frequency of neurovegetative symptoms was studied in 57 patients with chronic pain. Seventy-nine percent of these patients had a diagnosable depressive illness, but endogenous depression was rare (5%). Patients with chronic pain were divide ... Full text Link to item Cite

What does the dexamethasone suppression test identify?

Journal Article Biol Psychiatry · September 1985 The authors studied the Dexamethasone Suppression Test (DST) in chronic pain patients with and without major depression, using items from a modified version of the Hamilton Depression Scale, the Hamilton Anxiety Scale, and the Montgomery-Asberg Depression ... Full text Link to item Cite

Chronic pain and depression. I. Classification of depression in chronic low back pain patients.

Journal Article Pain · July 1985 An association between chronic pain and depression has been recognized for a long time. However, the exact nature of this relationship remains unclear. The authors studied 71 patients for affective disorders and schizophrenia-lifetime version (SADS-L). Bas ... Full text Link to item Cite

Chronic pain and depression. II. Symptoms of anxiety in chronic low back pain patients and their relationship to subtypes of depression.

Journal Article Pain · July 1985 The relationship between anxiety and chronic pain has been poorly studied. The authors studied the occurrence of symptoms of anxiety in chronic low back pain patients. Anxious mood and other symptoms of anxiety were commonly seen in patients with chronic l ... Full text Link to item Cite

A follow-up study of post partum illness, 1946-1978.

Journal Article Acta Psychiatr Scand · May 1985 Eighty-two patients, who were treated for post partum illness between 1946 and 1971, were identified and followed up. Diagnostically, the sample comprised unipolar depression (52%), bipolar disorder (18%), schizophrenia (16%), abnormal personality with dep ... Full text Link to item Cite

Neuroticism and personality disorder in depression.

Journal Article J Affect Disord · 1985 Neuroticism and DSM-III personality disorder were studied in 39 depressed inpatients. Interrelationships between these variables and their relationship to depressive typology were compared. The relationship of neuroticism, DSM-III personality type and adeq ... Full text Link to item Cite

BW234U: a non-dopamine receptor blocking antipsychotic drug without extrapyramidal effects?

Journal Article Drug Development Research · 1985 Based on studies in animals and in healthy human volunteers, it was predicted that the carbazole compound BW234U would have antipsychotic effects in patients without producing concomitant extrapyramidal effects. The compound was administered to 22 inpatien ... Cite

A diagnostic and family study of posttraumatic stress disorder.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · January 1985 A family history study of 36 patients with chronic posttraumatic stress disorder revealed a positive history of familial psychopathology in 66% of the patients. Alcoholism, depression, and anxiety disorders were the disorders most commonly found. The patie ... Full text Link to item Cite

Trichotillomania--a review.

Journal Article Compr Psychiatry · 1985 Full text Link to item Cite

Validation of four definitions of melancholia by the dexamethasone suppression test.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · October 1984 The authors evaluated four sets of diagnostic criteria, the Newcastle Index, DSM-III, RDC, and the Michigan Diagnostic Index, for the diagnosis of melancholia. Forty-nine depressed inpatients, all of whom met RDC for major depression, also received consens ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patient compliance with MAO inhibitor therapy.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · July 1984 Exaggerated fears of monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) and of their interactions with foods often restrict their use. A review of the literature reveals seven food items most likely to produce a hypertensive crisis in combination with MAOI administratio ... Link to item Cite

Practical aspects of MAO inhibitor therapy.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · July 1984 Instructions for patients regarding the observation of dietary and medication restrictions during MAOI therapy are presented. Principles of physician management of MAOI therapy, including avoidance and management of hypertensive crises and the potential fo ... Link to item Cite

The importance of dose in isocarboxazid therapy.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · July 1984 Little information is available on the effectiveness and safety of particular doses of isocarboxazid. In a study using isocarboxazid doses of 30 and 50 mg/day in depressed inpatients, the higher dose was well tolerated and did not result in any greater tox ... Link to item Cite

MAO inhibitor therapy in trichotillomania associated with depression: case report.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · June 1984 Trichotillomania may sometimes be an atypical variant of depressive illness. A case is reported in which the MAO inhibitor isocarboxazid was successfully used to treat both depression and associated trichotillomania. The symptoms recurred upon discontinuat ... Link to item Cite

Comparative diagnostic criteria for melancholia and endogenous depression.

Journal Article Arch Gen Psychiatry · May 1984 Five scales were evaluated for the diagnosis of melancholia or endogenous depression. Of 21 total items, none appeared in all five scales, but four items occurred in four of the scales: autonomy of mood, prevasive anhedonia, psychomotor change, and guilt. ... Full text Link to item Cite

An evaluation of two doses of isocarboxazid in depression.

Journal Article J Affect Disord · April 1984 Two fixed doses of isocarboxazid were studied over a 4-week period in depressed in-patients. Thirty-five patients completed treatment, 20 of whom received 30 mg isocarboxazid per day, and 15 of whom received 50 mg isocarboxazid per day. No overall differen ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Newcastle Endogenous Depression Diagnostic Index: validity and reliability.

Journal Article Acta Psychiatr Scand · March 1984 The newcastle Endogenous Depression Diagnostic Index of Carney et al. was studied for reliability and validity. Good inter-rater reliability was obtained for diagnostic category and for item scores in 36 patients. The scale showed construct validity with r ... Full text Link to item Cite

Urinary excretion of biopterin and neopterin in psychiatric disorders.

Journal Article Psychiatry Res · February 1984 Levels of urinary neopterin and biopterin were determined in patients having a diagnosis of schizophrenia, unipolar depression, or bipolar depression. Both neopterin and biopterin levels were significantly higher in the urine of patients with unipolar depr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Use of phenelzine in continuation therapy.

Journal Article Neuropsychobiology · 1984 In 18 depressed patients, phenelzine had proved to be a beneficial drug during treatment of the acute illness. Following 4 weeks' remission induced by either 45 or 60 mg/day, patients were assigned to take part in a double-blind study in which the dose eit ... Full text Link to item Cite

Depressive illness and placebo response

Journal Article International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine · January 1, 1984 Fifty-three depressed inpatients received placebo treatment as part of a multicenter double-blind placebo-controlled study of an investigational antidepressant, bupropion. Groups of placebo responders and nonresponders were identified based on percentage c ... Full text Cite

Classification of depressive disorders: A multiaxial approach

Journal Article Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · January 1, 1984 Classification of depressive disorders can be performed following the Linnaean binomial nomenclature model by defining depression as a genus and the subtypes as species. A medical classification of depressive disorders would need to be jointly inclusive an ... Cite

Deep-vein thrombosis with antipsychotic drugs.

Journal Article Psychosomatics · December 1983 Full text Link to item Cite

Characteristics of schizophrenic and depressed patients excluded from clinical research.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · September 1983 The process of selecting patients for research studies introduces factors that can bias outcome. The authors compared schizophrenic and depressed patients accepted for studies on their clinical research unit with patients admitted to the hospital with the ... Full text Link to item Cite

The effect of isocarboxazid on platelet MAO activity.

Journal Article Biol Psychiatry · September 1983 Link to item Cite

Response to isocarboxazid and the DST.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · July 1983 Full text Link to item Cite

A double-blind comparison of bupropion and amitriptyline in depressed inpatients.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · May 1983 Bupropion and amitriptyline were compared in a double-blind study of depressed inpatients. Treatment ranged from 2 to 4 weeks: early responders (Hamilton Depression Scale scores less than 10) were often removed from treatment after 2 or 3 weeks. Twenty-two ... Link to item Cite

Isocarboxazid. Efficacy and tolerance.

Journal Article J Affect Disord · May 1983 In a double-blind study, isocarboxazid was found to have greater efficacy than placebo. Patients with weight gain, increased appetite, and increased sleep responded particularly well, with a rapid onset of improvement that was apparent by one week. Their r ... Full text Link to item Cite

Abnormal cortisol suppression in bipolar patients with simultaneous manic and depressive symptoms.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · February 1983 The authors studied the cortisol response to 1 mg of dexamethasone in 10 patients who simultaneously manifested manic and depressive symptoms. All patients showed some evidence that normal cortisol suppression was lacking. When 3 patients were randomly ret ... Full text Link to item Cite

Lack of efficacy of a new antidepressant (bupropion) in the treatment of panic disorder with phobias

Journal Article Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology · January 1, 1983 Cite

Lack of efficacy of a new antidepressant (bupropion) in the treatment of panic disorder with phobias

Journal Article Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology · January 1, 1983 Full text Cite

The first clinical study of BW-234U in schizophrenia.

Journal Article Psychopharmacol Bull · October 1982 Link to item Cite

Early and late side effects of phenelzine.

Journal Article J Clin Psychopharmacol · June 1982 Link to item Cite

Atypical depression.

Journal Article Arch Gen Psychiatry · May 1982 The term atypical depression generally indicates either depression accompanied by severe anxiety (type A) or by atypical vegetative symptoms, ie, increased appetite, weight, sleep, or libido (type V). Early age at onset, predominance in women, outpatient s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evaluation of the central nervous system risks of ECT

Journal Article Psychopharmacology Bulletin · January 1, 1982 Cite

A comparison of phenelzine and imipramine in depressed inpatients.

Journal Article J Clin Psychiatry · October 1981 Phenelzine and imipramine were compared double-blind, in 43 depressed inpatients. A placebo week preceded drug treatment; this allowed early identification of placebo responders who did not therefore enter the study. After three weeks treatment, the two dr ... Link to item Cite

Biological and/or genetic factors in alcoholism.

Journal Article Psychopharmacol Bull · July 1981 Link to item Cite

The negative influence of families on compliance.

Journal Article Hosp Community Psychiatry · May 1981 Full text Link to item Cite

MAO inhibition and control of anxiety following amitriptyline therapy. A pilot study.

Journal Article Acta Psychiatr Scand · February 1981 In a pilot study, 32 patients with mixed states of anxiety, depression, somatization and panic received amitriptyline for 4 weeks, the dose ranging from 50 to 300 mg/day. Steady-state plasma levels of the drug and activity of platelet monoamine oxidase wer ... Full text Link to item Cite

Relationship between response to phenelzine and MAO inhibition in a clinical trial of phenelzine, amitriptyline and placebo.

Journal Article Neuropsychobiology · 1981 This report examines the hypothesis that for phenelzine to be more effective than placebo it is necessary to achieve at least 80% inhibition of platelet MAO activity. This hypothesis was examined in the context of a double-blind comparison of phenelzine, a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Platelet monoamine oxidase activity and the classification of depression.

Journal Article Arch Gen Psychiatry · July 1980 An attempt was made to compare platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity in descriptively based types of nonbipolar depression. Platelet MAO activity was significantly higher in depression secondary to chronic anxiety, compared with primary unipolar depres ... Full text Link to item Cite

A comparison of inpatients with primary unipolar depression and depression secondary to anxiety.

Journal Article Acta Psychiatr Scand · May 1980 Retrospective comparisons between primary unipolar depression and depression secondary to anxiety in 65 inpatients revealed a number of differences. Secondary depression was associated with a significantly higher incidence of neurotic traits in childhood, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Catechol-O-methyltransferase activity and classification of depression.

Journal Article Biol Psychiatry · December 1979 Red blood cell catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) activity was compared across different depressive diagnoses. In a sample of 88 depressed inpatients, using defined criteria, no difference was found in respect of enzyme activity and the following categori ... Link to item Cite

Single case study. Complementary effects of phenelzine and psychotherapy in long term treatment of depression.

Journal Article J Nerv Ment Dis · October 1979 A case report is described wherein the monoamine oxidase inhibitor phenelzine was administered for 10 months at different doses. Drug treatment in the initial part of the study was double blind. Weekly psychotherapy was instituted at the point of symptomat ... Full text Link to item Cite

A comparison of electroconvulsive therapy and combined phenelzine-amitriptyline in refractory depression.

Journal Article Arch Gen Psychiatry · May 1978 Combined monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor-tricyclic antidepressant therapy and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) were compared in a population of refractory depressive patients. Seventeen patients were randomly assigned to either of the treatment groups, an ... Full text Link to item Cite

Acetylation phenotype, platelet monoamine oxidase inhibition, and the effectiveness of phenelzine in depression.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · April 1978 The authors treated 16 depressed patients with up to 90 mg/day of phenelzine. After acetylation phenotype was determined and platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity measured, no significant relationship was observed between clinical improvement and acety ... Full text Link to item Cite

Inhibition of platelet monoamine oxidase in depressed subjects treated with phenelzine.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · April 1978 The authors treated 19 depressive inpatients double-blind with a mean dose of 78 mg/day of phenelzine for 3 weeks to determine the possible relationship between monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibition and the effectiveness of phenelzine. Clinical ratings made o ... Full text Link to item Cite

Antidepressant drug therapy in psychotic depression.

Journal Article Br J Psychiatry · November 1977 Imipramine and phenelzine were ineffective in the treatment of five primary unipolar depressives with delusions, even when plasma levels of imipramine and desmethylimipramine or activity of platelet monoamine oxidase suggested that an adequate dose of drug ... Full text Link to item Cite

Tricyclic antidepressants.

Journal Article Br J Psychiatry · November 1976 Full text Link to item Cite

Platelet monoamine oxidase activity in schizophrenia.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · October 1976 The activity of platelet monoamine oxidase in 12 chronic schizophrenic patients was not significantly different from that in a matched group of normal individuals. The authors emphasize the importance of simultaneous processing of control and patient blood ... Full text Link to item Cite

Red blood cell catechol O-methyl transferase and response to imipramine in unipolar depressive women.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · August 1976 When baseline red blood cell catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT) was measured in 15 unipolar depressive women, the authors found a linear correlation between COMT and response to imipramine (best outcome occurring at low COMT). The results of this study we ... Full text Link to item Cite

Catechol O-methyltransferase in red blood cells of schizophrenic, depressed, and normal human subjects.

Journal Article Br J Psychiatry · February 1976 Catechol O-methyltransferase of lysed human red blood cells was assayed under optimal conditions, using saturating concentrations of the substrates, S-adenosyl-L-methionine and 3-4-dihydroxybenzoic acid. The mean enzyme activity found in 24 normal subjects ... Full text Link to item Cite

Inpatient and outpatient patterns of psychotropic drug prescribing by nonpsychiatrist physicians.

Journal Article Am J Psychiatry · December 1975 The authors found that among 228 general hospital patients, minor tranquilizers were prescribed most often and with the least justification and that major tranquilizers were prescribed sparingly and by and large judiciously. Antidepressants were given less ... Full text Link to item Cite

Psychotropic drugs on general medical and surgical wards of a teaching hospital.

Journal Article Arch Gen Psychiatry · April 1975 We examined the prescribing habits for psychotropic drugs of internists, surgeons, and gynecologists on their inpatient wards in a teaching hospital. Data were gathered from patients' charts and pharmacy records. In a six-week period, 9% of all admissions ... Full text Link to item Cite

Nicotinic acid and schizophrenia: a critique

Journal Article Clinical Medicine · January 1, 1975 Nicotinic acid therapy of schizophrenia has not been validated to date. While in small doses nicotinic acid is harmless, in doses recommended for treatment of schizophrenia, side reactions are common and occasionally may be serious. ... Cite

Trail of self-medication in the elderly.

Journal Article Nurs Times · March 14, 1974 Link to item Cite

The management of resistant depression.

Journal Article Br J Psychiatry · February 1974 Full text Link to item Cite

Psychosis and ketamine.

Journal Article Br Med J · May 6, 1972 Full text Link to item Cite

Psychosis and ketamine.

Journal Article Br Med J · February 12, 1972 Link to item Cite