Scholars@Duke
Sharon Fridovich Freedman

Sharon Fridovich Freedman

Professor of Ophthalmology
Ophthalmology
sharon.freedman@duke.edu
Box 3802 Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27710
Albert Eye Research Institute, Durham, NC 27710

Selected Publications

Evaluating the Role of Virtual Reality Visual Fields (VRF) in the Diagnosis and Management of Pediatric Neuro-Ophthalmic Conditions.

Journal Article Am J Ophthalmol · January 2026 OBJECTIVE: Virtual reality field testing (VRF) is feasible and reliable in adults and in children with normal and glaucomatous eyes, but its role in pediatric neuro-ophthalmic conditions remains unexplored. PURPOSE: To evaluate the feasibility of using VRF ... Full text Link to item Cite

Virtual reality field testing in children with normal eyes and glaucoma: comparison of game-based versus Humphrey visual field-equivalent algorithms.

Journal Article J AAPOS · December 2025 BACKGROUND: Virtual reality-based field (VRF) perimetry presents an alternative to standard automated perimetry, offering both game-based and Humphrey-equivalent algorithms. Comparative performance of these two algorithms is not well-documented. We evaluat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Anterior segment structure after angle-based surgery in childhood glaucoma: descriptive findings using overhead-mounted optical coherence tomography.

Journal Article J AAPOS · August 2025 Despite the importance of the iridocorneal angle in childhood glaucoma, relatively few studies have been published on the outflow system in children and how surgery affects the iridocorneal angle. Using overhead-mounted optical coherence tomography, we inv ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pediatric residents' perceptions of eye care curriculum and training.

Journal Article J AAPOS · June 2025 To understand the perspectives of pediatric residents regarding their ophthalmic training, an anonymous 17-question survey was administered to pediatric residents at five large, geographically diverse US programs. Participants' levels of agreement with sta ... Full text Link to item Cite

Refractive Change at 5 Years in the Toddler Aphakia and Pseudophakia Study.

Journal Article Ophthalmology · May 2025 PURPOSE: To report refractive change at 5 years of age in children with pseudophakic eyes operated on before 2 years of age. DESIGN: Retrospective case series at 10 Infant Aphakia Treatment Study (IATS) sites. PARTICIPANTS: Children who underwent cataract ... Full text Link to item Cite

Semi-automated evaluation of trabecular meshwork and schlemm canal imaged with OCT in children with normal eyes vs. primary congenital glaucoma.

Journal Article Sci Rep · April 12, 2025 Maldevelopment of Schlemm canal (SC) and trabecular meshwork (TM) is proposed in the pathogenesis of primary congenital glaucoma (PCG). This study aims to evaluate a semi-automated segmentation algorithm of SC and TM in pediatric patients scanned using ove ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cost as a barrier to eyeglasses in pediatric population: a cross-sectional survey analysis.

Journal Article J AAPOS · April 2025 Eyeglasses are an essential medical device to maximize visual potential and learning in children. We surveyed parents and pediatric ophthalmologists regarding their perspectives on the cost of pediatric eyeglasses. Parents and ophthalmologists identified c ... Full text Link to item Cite

Quantitative comparison of vascular characteristics of plus disease images published over time: International Classification of Retinopathy of Prematurity.

Journal Article J AAPOS · February 2025 Plus disease was first defined in the original International Classification of retinopathy of prematurity (ICROP) publication in 1984. Over time, the definition of plus disease has evolved, and each ensuing ICROP publication has included example plus disea ... Full text Link to item Cite

In Vivo Assessment of the Pediatric Trabecular Meshwork, Schlemm Canal, and Iridocorneal Angle Using Overhead-Mounted Optical Coherence Tomography.

Journal Article Am J Ophthalmol · January 2025 PURPOSE: To describe the in vivo morphologic characteristics of the trabecular meshwork (TM), Schlemm canal (SC), and iridocorneal angle in pediatric patients with normal eyes, glaucoma, and cataract. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. STUDY POPULATION: A t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Complications, Visual Acuity, and Refractive Error 3 Years after Secondary Intraocular Lens Implantation for Pediatric Aphakia.

Journal Article Ophthalmology · October 2024 PURPOSE: To report the cumulative incidence of complications and to describe refractive error and visual acuity (VA) outcomes in children undergoing secondary intraocular lens (IOL) implantation after previous surgery for nontraumatic cataract. DESIGN: Ped ... Full text Link to item Cite

US youth perspectives on eye trauma and eye protection.

Journal Article J AAPOS · August 2024 Eye injuries from sports, activities, and work are a leading cause of vision loss in youth. Most eye injuries can be prevented with protective eyewear. An open-ended survey on youth perspectives on eye trauma and protection was administered to the MyVoice ... Full text Link to item Cite

Single-line macular optic coherence tomography to confirm optic neuropathies in awake infants and young children.

Journal Article J AAPOS · August 2024 BACKGROUND: Handheld optical coherence tomography (HH-OCT) can image awake, young children but lacks integrated segmentation/analysis software. OCT imaging of eyes with optic neuropathies demonstrates ganglion cell layer (GCL) and ganglion cell complex (GC ... Full text Link to item Cite

Exome sequencing identifies novel genes underlying primary congenital glaucoma in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study.

Journal Article Birth Defects Res · July 2024 BACKGROUND: Primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) affects approximately 1 in 10,000 live born infants in the United States (U.S.). PCG has a autosomal recessive inheritance pattern, and variable expressivity and reduced penetrance have been reported. Likely ca ... Full text Link to item Cite

Modernizing the evaluation of infantile nystagmus: the role of handheld optical coherence tomography.

Journal Article J AAPOS · June 2024 BACKGROUND: Infantile nystagmus syndrome can be associated with an afferent problem (anterior or posterior segment) or constitute an isolated idiopathic disorder. With a normal ophthalmic examination, current guidelines recommend electroretinography (ERG) ... Full text Link to item Cite

Performance of VisuALL virtual reality visual field testing in healthy children.

Journal Article J AAPOS · February 2024 BACKGROUND: Virtual reality field testing may provide an alternative to standard automated perimetry. This study evaluates a virtual reality game-based automated perimetry in a healthy pediatric population. METHODS: A prospective series of pediatric patien ... Full text Link to item Cite

Unilateral Glaucoma Without Facial Angioma in a Pediatric Patient: A Suspected Sturge-Weber Syndrome Variant.

Journal Article J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus · 2024 The authors report a case of a 5-month-old full-term infant with chronic conjunctival redness and elevated intraocular pressure in the right eye. Magnetic resonance imaging ruled out leptomeningeal angiomatosis. Despite lacking a typical port-wine mark, th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Performance of virtual reality game-based automated perimetry in patients with childhood glaucoma.

Journal Article J AAPOS · December 2023 PURPOSE: To evaluate VisuALL, a game-based automated perimetry device, utilizing virtual reality (VR) goggles, in a cohort of patients with childhood glaucoma. METHODS: In this prospective series, the results of consecutive patients with childhood glaucoma ... Full text Link to item Cite

Biphasic change in retinal nerve fibre layer thickness from 30 to 60 weeks postmenstrual age in preterm infants.

Journal Article Br J Ophthalmol · November 2023 BACKGROUND/AIMS: The optic nerve development during the critical postnatal weeks of preterm infants is unclear. We aimed to investigate the change of retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) in preterm infants. METHODS: We used an investigational handheld optical ... Full text Link to item Cite

The impact of childhood glaucoma on psychosocial functioning and quality of life: a review of the literature.

Journal Article Eye (Lond) · October 2023 We present a novel comprehensive literature review of studies of the psychosocial functioning (PF) and quality of life (QoL) of patients with childhood glaucoma and their caregivers. Our findings demonstrate variable study quality and approach, as well as ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prevalence of cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis among patients diagnosed with early-onset idiopathic bilateral cataracts: final analysis.

Journal Article J AAPOS · August 2023 Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX) is a rare, autosomal recessive bile acid synthesis disorder caused by pathologic variants in CYP27A1, a gene involved in bile acid synthesis. Impaired function in this gene leads to accumulation of plasma cholestanol (P ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ocular Pigmentation Impact on Retinal Versus Choroidal Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging in Preterm Infants.

Journal Article Transl Vis Sci Technol · July 3, 2023 PURPOSE: To evaluate the association of fundus pigmentation with the visibility of retinal versus choroidal layers on optical coherence tomography (OCT) in preterm infants. METHODS: For infants enrolled in BabySTEPS, ophthalmologists recorded fundus pigmen ... Full text Link to item Cite

The effect of sex on retinopathy of prematurity severity among premature mixed-sex multiple gestation infants.

Journal Article J AAPOS · June 2023 This retrospective study of 68 premature infants examined whether there was a difference between male and female mixed-sex multiple gestation infants with regard to stage of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) developed or need for ROP treatment. We found tha ... Full text Link to item Cite

Reply.

Journal Article Ophthalmology · May 2023 Full text Link to item Cite

Incidence of Glaucoma-Related Adverse Events in the First 5 Years After Pediatric Lensectomy.

Journal Article JAMA Ophthalmol · April 1, 2023 IMPORTANCE: Glaucoma can develop following cataract removal in children. OBJECTIVE: To assess the cumulative incidence of glaucoma-related adverse events (defined as glaucoma or glaucoma suspect) and factors associated with risk of these adverse events in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cortisol awakening response and developmental outcomes at 6-7 years in children born extremely preterm.

Journal Article Pediatr Res · February 2023 BACKGROUND: Extremely preterm (EPT) birth has been related to dysregulation of stress responses and behavioral/learning problems at school age. Early adverse experiences can blunt HPA axis reactivity. We hypothesized that an attenuated cortisol awakening r ... Full text Link to item Cite

Quantitative comparison of blood vessel changes after treatment of retinopathy of prematurity with laser versus bevacizumab.

Journal Article J AAPOS · December 2022 Current therapies for treatment-indicated (type 1) retinopathy of prematurity mainly consist of laser photocoagulation and intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (eg, bevacizumab) injection. The first visible signs of acute-phase regression a ... Full text Link to item Cite

"Coming up short" with an illuminated microcatheter for circumferential trabeculotomy externo in the buphthalmic infant eye: frequency and options.

Journal Article J AAPOS · December 2022 An illuminated microcatheter is frequently used to perform trabeculotomy ab externo in infants with primary congenital glaucoma (PCG). Enlarged corneas in these children can make it challenging to traverse 360o of Schlemm's canal (SC) before reaching the p ... Full text Link to item Cite

Refractive Growth of the Crystalline Lens in the Infant Aphakia Treatment Study

Journal Article Ophthalmology Science · December 1, 2022 Objective: To compare the rate of refractive growth (RRG3) of the crystalline lens (“lens”) versus the eye excluding the lens (“globe”) for the fellow, noncataractous eyes of participants in the Infant Aphakia Treatment Study. Design: Retrospective cohort ... Full text Cite

Intraoperative Mounted Optical Coherence Tomography Findings Following Reversal of Optic Nerve Head Cupping in Childhood Glaucoma.

Journal Article Am J Ophthalmol · November 2022 PURPOSE: To examine the structural changes occurring in the optic nerve head (ONH) and macula in infants with childhood glaucoma and clinically observed ONH cupping reversal following intraocular pressure (IOP)-reducing glaucoma surgery, as captured by int ... Full text Link to item Cite

Low- and Very Low-Dose Bevacizumab for Retinopathy of Prematurity: Reactivations, Additional Treatments, and 12-Month Outcomes.

Journal Article Ophthalmology · October 2022 PURPOSE: Low-dose and very low-dose intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) have been reported to be successful in short-term treatment of type 1 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), down to an initial dose of 0.004 mg. We now report 12-month outcomes for these infant ... Full text Link to item Cite

Anterior segment optical coherence tomography findings in the Infant Aphakia Treatment Study (IATS): a secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial.

Journal Article J AAPOS · October 2022 PURPOSE: To correlate the diagnosis of glaucoma among children in the Infant Aphakia Treatment Study (IATS) by age 10 years with anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) findings. METHODS: A multicenter randomized controlled trial of 114 infa ... Full text Link to item Cite

Outcomes of inferonasal glaucoma drainage device surgery in the management of childhood glaucoma.

Journal Article J AAPOS · October 2022 PURPOSE: To evaluate indications and postoperative outcomes of inferonasal Ahmed and Baerveldt glaucoma drainage devices (GDDs) in pediatric glaucoma. METHODS: This retrospective study included patients ≤18 years of age at inferonasal GDD placement, from J ... Full text Link to item Cite

Myopic Shift at 10-Year Follow-up in the Infant Aphakia Treatment Study.

Journal Article Ophthalmology · September 2022 We studied the myopic shift and anisometropia at 10.6 (+/−0.3) years of age in the Infant Aphakia Treatment Study. We found myopic shift continues in the operated eye from 5-10.5 years at a lower rate than that prior to age five years while anisometropia i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Semi-automated vessel analysis of en face posterior pole vessel maps generated from optical coherence tomography for diagnosis of plus or pre-plus disease.

Journal Article J AAPOS · August 2022 En face retinal vessel maps generated from bedside optical coherence tomography (OCT) can show posterior pole vascular tortuosity and dilation (ie, plus/pre-plus disease). In this proof-of-concept study, we found that ROPtool could trace OCT-generated reti ... Full text Link to item Cite

Integrated Visualization Highlighting Retinal Changes in Retinopathy of Prematurity From 3-Dimensional Optical Coherence Tomography Data.

Journal Article JAMA Ophthalmol · July 1, 2022 IMPORTANCE: Early diagnosis of plus disease is critical in the management of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). However, there is substantial interexpert disagreement in the diagnosis of plus disease based on vascular changes alone. Information derived from ... Full text Link to item Cite

Association Between Retinal Microanatomy in Preterm Infants and 9-Month Visual Acuity.

Journal Article JAMA Ophthalmol · July 1, 2022 IMPORTANCE: Preterm infants are at risk for poor visual acuity (VA) outcomes, even without retinal problems on ophthalmoscopy. Infant retinal microanatomy may provide insight as to potential causes. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between preterm in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cost comparison of using reusable versus disposable equipment for retinopathy of prematurity screening rounds.

Conference J AAPOS · April 2022 Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening rounds have been linked to pathogen transmission and serious adverse outcomes in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Using Monte Carlo simulations, we found that it is more likely less expensive to use reusable ... Full text Link to item Cite

Minimally invasive glaucoma surgery in childhood glaucoma.

Journal Article Curr Opin Ophthalmol · March 1, 2022 PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS) has been shown to be safe and effective in treatment of mild to moderate glaucoma in adults, but reports in childhood glaucoma are limited. We review the available data concerning MIGS and discu ... Full text Link to item Cite

Primary Congenital Glaucoma

Chapter · January 1, 2022 Primary congenital glaucoma is a rare, usually bilateral, aqueous outflow obstruction likely from developmental arrest of anterior chamber angle tissue (derived from neural crest cells). It presents in sporadic or familial patterns, and is usually autosoma ... Full text Cite

Outcomes and lessons learned from two decades' experience with glaucoma drainage device implantation for refractory Sturge Weber-associated childhood glaucoma.

Journal Article Journal of AAPOS : the official publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus · December 2021 PurposeTo evaluate glaucoma drainage device (GDD) implantation for refractory pediatric glaucoma associated with Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS).MethodsThe medical records of consecutive children with SWS-associated glaucoma at a single cente ... Full text Cite

Rebound tonometry by iCare 200 (IC200): comparison with Tono-Pen in the operating room and Goldmann applanation in the clinic.

Journal Article J AAPOS · December 2021 BACKGROUND: Tonometry guides decision making in children with known or suspected glaucoma. The iCare IC200 is a recently FDA-approved rebound tonometer that can measure intraocular pressure (IOP) in both supine and upright patients. The purpose of this stu ... Full text Link to item Cite

Growth Rates of Infants Randomized to Continuous Positive Airway Pressure or Intubation After Extremely Preterm Birth.

Journal Article J Pediatr · October 2021 OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of early treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on nutritional intake and in-hospital growth rates of extremely preterm (EPT) infants. STUDY DESIGN: EPT infants (240/7-276/7 weeks of gestation) enrolled ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evaluating the association of clinical factors and optical coherence tomography retinal imaging with axial length and axial length growth among preterm infants.

Journal Article Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol · September 2021 PURPOSE: To study the association of clinical factors and optical coherence tomography (OCT) retinal imaging with axial length (AL) and AL growth in preterm infants METHODS: Among a subgroup of infants from the prospective BabySTEPS study who were screened ... Full text Link to item Cite

Reply.

Journal Article J AAPOS · August 2021 Full text Link to item Cite

Macular OCT Characteristics at 36 Weeks' Postmenstrual Age in Infants Examined for Retinopathy of Prematurity.

Journal Article Ophthalmol Retina · June 2021 PURPOSE: To report our ability to capture,-grade reliably, and analyze bedside macular OCT images from preterm infants and relate OCT findings to biological factors and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) status at a single time window in the Study of Eye Ima ... Full text Link to item Cite

Multicenter Research Data of Epilepsy Management in Patients With Sturge-Weber Syndrome.

Journal Article Pediatr Neurol · June 2021 BACKGROUND: Epilepsy in typical Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS) is common, and many questions remain regarding the treatment outcomes. We analyzed a large multicenter database with focus on neurological drug treatment in different demographic and SWS character ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prophylactic laser versus continued surveillance after initial bevacizumab treatment for retinopathy of prematurity.

Journal Article J AAPOS · June 2021 Guidelines on managing infants after initial anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment (eg, bevacizumab) for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) are limited. We found that following initial bevacizumab treatment for ROP, prophylactically laseri ... Full text Link to item Cite

SHORT-TERM COMPUTER-ASSISTED QUANTIFICATION OF PLUS DISEASE AFTER TREATMENT OF TYPE 1 RETINOPATHY OF PREMATURITY WITH INTRAVITREAL BEVACIZUMAB OR RETINAL LASER PHOTOCOAGULATION.

Journal Article Retin Cases Brief Rep · May 1, 2021 PURPOSE: To compare objectively measured changes in plus disease after bevacizumab and laser for Type 1 retinopathy of prematurity. METHODS: ROPtool (a computer program) analyzed fundus images at baseline, 1 week, and subsequent examinations. RESULTS: Six ... Full text Link to item Cite

Preterm Infant Stress During Handheld Optical Coherence Tomography vs Binocular Indirect Ophthalmoscopy Examination for Retinopathy of Prematurity.

Journal Article JAMA Ophthalmol · May 1, 2021 IMPORTANCE: Binocular indirect ophthalmoscopy (BIO) examination for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a well-known cause of repeated preterm infant stress. OBJECTIVE: To compare stress during investigational optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging to ... Full text Link to item Cite

Outcomes of Bilateral Cataract Surgery in Infants 7 to 24 Months of Age Using the Toddler Aphakia and Pseudophakia Treatment Study Registry.

Journal Article Ophthalmology · February 2021 PURPOSE: To evaluate outcomes of bilateral cataract surgery in children aged 7 to 24 months and compare rates of adverse events (AEs) with other Toddler Aphakia and Pseudophakia Study (TAPS) registry outcomes. DESIGN: Retrospective clinical study at 10 Inf ... Full text Link to item Cite

Glaucoma-Related Adverse Events at 10 Years in the Infant Aphakia Treatment Study: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Journal Article JAMA Ophthalmol · February 1, 2021 IMPORTANCE: Glaucoma-related adverse events constitute serious complications of cataract removal in infancy, yet long-term data on incidence and visual outcome remain lacking. OBJECTIVE: To identify and characterize incident cases of glaucoma and glaucoma- ... Full text Link to item Cite

Quantitatively comparing weekly changes in retinal vascular characteristics of eyes eventually treated versus not treated for retinopathy of prematurity.

Journal Article J AAPOS · February 2021 PURPOSE: To quantitatively compare retinal vascular characteristics over time in eyes eventually treated versus not treated for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), using ROPtool analysis of narrow-field retinal images. METHODS: This longitudinal study used p ... Full text Link to item Cite

Clinicopathologic correlation of aniridia: Optical coherence tomography angiography and histopathologic observations.

Journal Article Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep · December 2020 PURPOSE: To describe optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) findings in a patient with aniridia and correlate with representative histopathology. OBSERVATIONS: OCTA images of the macula of a pediatric aniridic patient, who has nystagmus and impair ... Full text Link to item Cite

Periocular infantile hemangioma masquerading as dacryocele.

Journal Article J AAPOS · October 2020 A 2-month-old boy developed a protuberant, blue nodule inferomedial to the left medial canthus. It was unresponsive to oral and intramuscular antibiotics. After developing difficulty breathing, he was admitted, with the diagnosis of a dacryocele, and, afte ... Full text Link to item Cite

Morphological characteristics of early- versus late-onset macular edema in preterm infants.

Journal Article J AAPOS · October 2020 Macular images of infants with early-onset edema (occurring at or before 33 weeks' postmenstrual age [PMA]) and infants with late-onset edema (at or after 36 weeks' PMA) were compared. At first appearance, early-onset edema has a more severe morphology, wi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Slow progressive perifoveal vascular formation in an infant with aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity.

Journal Article J AAPOS · October 2020 Aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity (AP-ROP) is a severe form of ROP occurring in preterm infants that is characterized by rapid progression and prominent vascularity. We report the use of investigational bedside noninvasive optical coherence t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Subclinical Retinal versus Brain Findings in Infants with Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy.

Journal Article Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol · September 2020 PURPOSE: To detect retinal features and abnormalities on optical coherence tomography (OCT) without pupil dilation and relate these to brain injury in infants with a clinical diagnosis of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). METHODS: Under an institution ... Full text Link to item Cite

Overhead Mounted Optical Coherence Tomography in Childhood Glaucoma Evaluation.

Journal Article J Glaucoma · September 2020 UNLABELLED: PRéCIS:: Overhead mounted spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) enables high-quality imaging of the optic nerve and macula in childhood glaucoma, and is particularly useful when standard tabletop OCT has failed or is not possible. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Auto-Processed Retinal Vessel Shadow View Images From Bedside Optical Coherence Tomography to Evaluate Plus Disease in Retinopathy of Prematurity.

Journal Article Transl Vis Sci Technol · August 2020 PURPOSE: To describe the creation of en face retinal vessel shadow view (RVSV) optical coherence tomography (OCT) images and assess the feasibility of using these for evaluating vascular disease in preterm infants at risk for retinopathy of prematurity (RO ... Full text Link to item Cite

Short-term Outcomes After Very Low-Dose Intravitreous Bevacizumab for Retinopathy of Prematurity.

Journal Article JAMA Ophthalmol · June 1, 2020 IMPORTANCE: Intravitreous bevacizumab (0.25 mg to 0.625 mg) is commonly used to treat type 1 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), but there are concerns about systemic toxicity, particularly the risk of neurodevelopmental delay. A much lower dose may be effec ... Full text Link to item Cite

Outcomes of Bilateral Cataracts Removed in Infants 1 to 7 Months of Age Using the Toddler Aphakia and Pseudophakia Treatment Study Registry.

Journal Article Ophthalmology · April 2020 PURPOSE: To evaluate outcomes of bilateral cataract surgery in infants 1 to 7 months of age performed by Infant Aphakia Treatment Study (IATS) investigators during IATS recruitment and to compare them with IATS unilateral outcomes. DESIGN: Retrospective ca ... Full text Link to item Cite

The shrinking eye: dimensional changes in the young child's eye after glaucoma drainage device implantation for refractory childhood glaucoma.

Journal Article J AAPOS · April 2020 PURPOSE: To investigate the magnitude of reduction in the axial length (AL) and corneal diameter following glaucoma drainage device (GDD) placement and intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction in glaucoma patients <3 years of age at surgery. METHOD: The medica ... Full text Link to item Cite

Maternal diet as a risk factor for primary congenital glaucoma and defects of the anterior segment of the eye in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study.

Journal Article Birth Defects Res · April 1, 2020 Primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) and anterior segment defects (ASDs) are rare ocular malformations diagnosed early in life which can cause blindness. Pathogenic variants in several genes have been linked to these conditions, but little is known about nong ... Full text Link to item Cite

ROPtool analysis of plus and pre-plus disease in narrow-field images: a multi-image quadrant-level approach.

Journal Article J AAPOS · April 2020 BACKGROUND: The presence of plus disease is important in determining when to treat retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), but the diagnosis of plus disease is subjective. Semiautomated computer programs (eg, ROPtool) can objectively measure retinal vascular cha ... Full text Link to item Cite

Differentiating Retinal Detachment and Retinoschisis Using Handheld Optical Coherence Tomography in Stage 4 Retinopathy of Prematurity.

Conference JAMA Ophthalmol · January 1, 2020 IMPORTANCE: Progression of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) to stage 4 may require surgical intervention. The partial retinal detachment of stage 4 ROP may involve the fovea (stage 4B ROP) or may not (stage 4A ROP). This determination has heretofore been b ... Full text Link to item Cite

Incidence and Management of Glaucoma or Glaucoma Suspect in the First Year After Pediatric Lensectomy.

Journal Article JAMA Ophthalmol · January 1, 2020 IMPORTANCE: Glaucoma can occur following cataract removal in children, and determining the risk for and factors associated with glaucoma and glaucoma suspect in a large cohort of children after lensectomy can guide clinical practice. OBJECTIVE: To estimate ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prostaglandin-Associated Periorbitopathy in Children and Young Adults with Glaucoma.

Journal Article Ophthalmol Glaucoma · 2020 OBJECTIVE: To evaluate for relative palpebral and orbital changes after long-term unilateral exposure to prostaglandin analogues (PGAs) in patients with childhood glaucoma. DESIGN: Prospective cross-sectional cohort study. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 29 patie ... Full text Link to item Cite

International Study of Childhood Glaucoma.

Journal Article Ophthalmol Glaucoma · 2020 PURPOSE: To ascertain the types of childhood glaucoma managed at major international centers, current clinical practice, and intraocular pressure (IOP) control and visual acuity (VA) outcomes. DESIGN: Prospective, multicenter, consecutive case series. PART ... Full text Link to item Cite

Optical Coherence Tomography Normative Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer and Macular Data in Children 0-5 Years of Age.

Journal Article Am J Ophthalmol · December 2019 PURPOSE: To determine reference values for the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) and macula in children 0-5 years of age. DESIGN: Prospective cross-sectional study. METHODS: This study was set in a single large academic pediatric ophthalmolog ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assessment of Macular Microvasculature in Healthy Eyes of Infants and Children Using OCT Angiography.

Journal Article Ophthalmology · December 2019 PURPOSE: To assess macular vasculature in healthy infants and children using OCT angiography (OCTA). DESIGN: Prospective cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS: One hundred thirty-five normal maculae of 89 healthy infants and children (mean age, 8.5±5.3 years ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Handheld Optical Coherence Tomography Normative Inner Retinal Layer Measurements for Children <5 Years of Age.

Journal Article Am J Ophthalmol · November 2019 PURPOSE: Measurements of the ganglion cell complex (GCC), comprising the retinal nerve fiber (RNFL), ganglion cell, and inner plexiform layers, can be correlated with vision loss caused by optic nerve disease. Handheld optical coherence tomography (HH-OCT) ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prevalence of Cerebrotendinous Xanthomatosis Among Patients Diagnosed With Acquired Juvenile-Onset Idiopathic Bilateral Cataracts.

Journal Article JAMA Ophthalmol · November 1, 2019 IMPORTANCE: Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX) is a rare autosomal recessive bile acid synthesis disorder caused by mutations in CYP27A1, the gene encoding sterol 27-hydroxylase, which results in elevated levels of plasma cholestanol and urinary bile alc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Longitudinal reproducibility of spectral domain optical coherence tomography in children with physiologic cupping and stable glaucoma.

Journal Article J AAPOS · October 2019 PURPOSE: To determine whether Spectralis (Heidelberg, Germany) spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) measurements are reproducible over time in children with physiologic cupping and stable glaucoma. METHODS: Subjects were identified from a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Home Tonometry Assists Glaucoma Drainage Device Management in Childhood Glaucoma.

Journal Article J Glaucoma · September 2019 UNLABELLED: PRéCIS:: Home tonometry is useful in detecting tube-opening and alarming intraocular pressures (IOPs) after Baerveldt glaucoma drainage device (GDD) implantation in childhood glaucoma, allowing for timely physician response and individualized p ... Full text Link to item Cite

Risk factors for primary congenital glaucoma in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study.

Journal Article Am J Med Genet A · September 2019 Primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) is a rare but serious birth defect. Genetic mutations have been implicated in the development of PCG, but little is known about nongenetic risk factors. This study investigates potential risk factors for PCG in the Nationa ... Full text Link to item Cite

Outcomes of Unilateral Cataracts in Infants and Toddlers 7 to 24 Months of Age: Toddler Aphakia and Pseudophakia Study (TAPS).

Journal Article Ophthalmology · August 2019 PURPOSE: To evaluate outcomes of unilateral cataract surgery in children 7 to 24 months of age. DESIGN: Retrospective case series at 10 Infant Aphakia Treatment Study (IATS) sites. PARTICIPANTS: The Toddler Aphakia and Pseudophakia Study is a registry of c ... Full text Link to item Cite

Physical and Family History Variables Associated With Neurological and Cognitive Development in Sturge-Weber Syndrome.

Journal Article Pediatr Neurol · July 2019 BACKGROUND: Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS) is caused by a somatic mutation in GNAQ leading to capillary venous malformations in the brain presenting with various neurological, ophthalmic, and cognitive symptoms of variable severity. This clinical variability ... Full text Link to item Cite

Risk factors for strabismus following glaucoma drainage device implantation for refractory childhood glaucoma.

Journal Article J AAPOS · June 2019 BACKGROUND: Strabismus is common in children after glaucoma drainage device (GDD) implantation, but the risk factors for postoperative strabismus remain speculative. The purpose of this study was to investigate possible risk factors for strabismus followin ... Full text Link to item Cite

Three-dimensional pattern of extraretinal neovascular development in retinopathy of prematurity.

Journal Article Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol · April 2019 BACKGROUND: The application of three-dimensional (3D) visualization techniques to evaluate the earliest visible onset of abnormal retinal vascular development in preterm infants with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), using bedside non-contact optical coher ... Full text Link to item Cite

Strabismus surgery in the setting of glaucoma drainage devices in the pediatric population.

Journal Article J AAPOS · April 2019 PURPOSE: To evaluate outcomes of strabismus surgery performed subequent to or concomitant with glaucoma drainage device (GDD) implantation for refractory childhood glaucoma. METHODS: The medical records of children who underwent strabismus surgery after or ... Full text Link to item Cite

Endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation (ECP) for childhood glaucoma: a large single-center cohort experience.

Journal Article J AAPOS · April 2019 PURPOSE: To assess the factors associated with successful outcomes in the management of childhood glaucoma treated with endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation (ECP) as both primary and adjunctive surgery. METHODS: The medical records of consecutive children with ... Full text Link to item Cite

Postoperative infection following strabismus surgery: case series and increased incidence in a single referral center.

Journal Article J AAPOS · February 2019 PURPOSE: To identify and analyze cases of postoperative infection following strabismus surgery at a large referral center and to report the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes. METHODS: An electronic database search identified strabismus procedures at Du ... Full text Link to item Cite

A Randomized Trial Comparing Bilateral Lateral Rectus Recession versus Unilateral Recess and Resect for Basic-Type Intermittent Exotropia.

Journal Article Ophthalmology · February 2019 PURPOSE: To compare long-term outcomes after bilateral lateral rectus recession (BLRc) or unilateral lateral rectus recession combined with medial rectus resection in the same eye (R&R) for primary treatment of childhood intermittent exotropia (IXT). DESIG ... Full text Link to item Cite

Factors in Premature Infants Associated With Low Risk of Developing Retinopathy of Prematurity.

Journal Article JAMA Ophthalmol · February 1, 2019 IMPORTANCE: Most premature infants will not develop retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) of clinical relevance, yet screening evaluations often continue beyond hospital discharge, even for those infants without ROP. OBJECTIVES: To identify the characteristics ... Full text Link to item Cite

Behavioral Deficits at 18-22 Months of Age Are Associated with Early Cerebellar Injury and Cognitive and Language Performance in Children Born Extremely Preterm.

Journal Article J Pediatr · January 2019 OBJECTIVE: To investigate associations in toddlers born extremely preterm (<28 weeks) between neonatal neuroimaging and 18- to 22-month developmental and behavioral outcomes. STUDY DESIGN: Cohort analysis from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hyperreflective Vitreous Opacities on Optical Coherence Tomography in a Patient With Bilateral Retinoblastoma.

Journal Article Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina · January 1, 2019 An investigational, portable spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) unit revealed small hyperreflective opacities in both eyes of a patient with bilateral retinoblastoma. There was no evidence of vitreous seeding on ophthalmoscopy of either ... Full text Link to item Cite

Childhood glaucoma

Chapter · January 1, 2019 Glaucoma in children can be more difficult to diagnose and to monitor for disease progression compared with that in adults because of the challenge of obtaining reliable and reproducible visual fields and intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements. Optical co ... Full text Cite

A Long-term Safety Study of Latanoprost in Pediatric Patients With Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Journal Article Am J Ophthalmol · December 2018 PURPOSE: The objective was to assess the long-term effect of treatment with latanoprost on ocular development and safety in pediatric patients with glaucoma and ocular hypertension. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. METHODS: This was a prospective 3-year c ... Full text Link to item Cite

Extreme Preterm Infant Rates of Overweight and Obesity at School Age in the SUPPORT Neuroimaging and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes Cohort.

Journal Article J Pediatr · September 2018 OBJECTIVE: To identify rates of overweight (body mass index [BMI] ≥85th percentile) and obesity (BMI ≥95th percentile) at 6-7 years of age and associated risk factors among extremely preterm infants born at <28 weeks of gestation. STUDY DESIGN: Anthropomet ... Full text Link to item Cite

Non-contact retinal imaging compared to indirect ophthalmoscopy for retinopathy of prematurity screening: infant safety profile.

Journal Article J Perinatol · September 2018 OBJECTIVE: Most retinopathy of prematurity screening involves an ophthalmologist performing indirect ophthalmoscopy, which can be stressful to infants. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety profile (using cardiopulmonary events as an indicato ... Full text Link to item Cite

New classification system for pediatric glaucoma: implications for clinical care and a research registry.

Journal Article Curr Opin Ophthalmol · September 2018 PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The Childhood Glaucoma Research Network (CGRN) has created a new classification system for childhood glaucoma that has become the first International Consensus Classification. The purpose of this review is to present this classification ... Full text Link to item Cite

Spectral-Domain OCT Findings of Retinal Vascular-Avascular Junction in Infants with Retinopathy of Prematurity.

Journal Article Ophthalmol Retina · September 2018 PURPOSE: Bedside examination of premature infants at risk for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is predominantly performed with ophthalmoscopic en face viewing of the retina. While postmortem retinal microstructures have been studied at the vascular-avascul ... Full text Link to item Cite

Home tonometry in childhood glaucoma: clinical indications and physician and parental attitudes.

Journal Article J AAPOS · August 2018 Home rebound tonometry is a beneficial tool for the management of childhood glaucoma, yet is not commonly used. In this study, 29 childhood glaucoma patients were recruited for twice daily home intraocular pressure (IOP) monitoring using an Icare rebound t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Development of a scale for grading pre-plus and plus disease using retinal images: A pilot study.

Journal Article J AAPOS · August 2018 When screening infants for retinopathy of prematurity, evaluating posterior pole vascular characteristics (ie, the presence or absence of pre-plus or plus disease) is subjective and prone to error. ROPtool, a semiautomated computer program, measures retina ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evaluating a Portable, Noncontact Fundus Camera for Retinopathy of Prematurity Screening by Nonophthalmologist Health Care Workers.

Journal Article Ophthalmol Retina · August 2018 PURPOSE: To evaluate (1) the feasibility of non-ophthalmologist healthcare workers (HCWs) to obtain images of sufficient quality for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening using a FDA-approved portable, non-contact, narrow-field fundus camera (i.e., Pi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Real-World Simulation of an Alternative Retinopathy of Prematurity Screening System in Thailand: A Pilot Study.

Journal Article J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus · July 1, 2018 PURPOSE: To evaluate an alternative retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening system that identifies infants meriting examination by an ophthalmologist in a middle-income country. METHODS: The authors hypothesized that grading posterior pole images for th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Preterm Neuroimaging and School-Age Cognitive Outcomes.

Journal Article Pediatrics · July 2018 BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Children born extremely preterm are at risk for cognitive difficulties and disability. The relative prognostic value of neonatal brain MRI and cranial ultrasound (CUS) for school-age outcomes remains unclear. Our objectives were ... Full text Link to item Cite

Fluorescein Angiographic Characteristics of Macular Edema During Infancy.

Journal Article JAMA Ophthalmol · May 1, 2018 IMPORTANCE: Macular edema during infancy, a subclinical feature identified in premature infants by handheld spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), has been associated with poorer visual acuity and neurodevelopmental outcomes. Features of ma ... Full text Link to item Cite

Single grading vs double grading with adjudication in the telemedicine approaches to evaluating acute-phase retinopathy of prematurity (e-ROP) study.

Journal Article J AAPOS · February 2018 PURPOSE: To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of single, independent, nonphysician trained reader (TR) gradings in the Telemedicine Approaches to Evaluating Acute-phase Retinopathy of Prematurity (e-ROP) study. METHODS: Secondary analyses of image g ... Full text Link to item Cite

Microphthalmia, Dermal Aplasia, and Sclerocornea Syndrome: Endoscopic Cyclophotocoagulation in the Management of Congenital Glaucoma.

Journal Article J Glaucoma · January 2018 PURPOSE: To report on the use of endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation (ECP) to treat congenital glaucoma in a triple X female with microphthalmia, dermal aplasia, and sclerocornea (MIDAS) syndrome. OBSERVATIONS: The patient demonstrated linear streaks on the f ... Full text Link to item Cite

Preface

Journal Article Surgical Management of Childhood Glaucoma Clinical Considerations and Techniques · January 1, 2018 Cite

Surgical Management of Childhood Glaucoma: Clinical Considerations and Techniques

Book · January 1, 2018 This comprehensive guide thoroughly covers the characteristics and presentations of childhood glaucoma, as well as all surgical options for treatment. Surgical Management of Childhood Glaucoma: Clinical Considerations and Techniques addresses a variety of ... Full text Cite

Childhood Glaucoma Surgery: Perioperative Considerations

Chapter · January 1, 2018 Managing glaucoma in childhood is one of the greatest challenges in the field of glaucoma, especially its surgical treatment, itself a critical component of management. Most children with glaucoma will require surgery in their lifetime, often in their chil ... Full text Cite

Posterior Pole Vascular Changes Before Treatment of Retinopathy of Prematurity.

Journal Article JAMA Ophthalmol · December 1, 2017 IMPORTANCE:: Some proponents of telemedicine screening for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) believe a screening system based on posterior pole vessel characteristics is sufficient for identifying infants needing treatment. OBJECTIVE:: To evaluate the vascu ... Full text Link to item Cite

ASSESSMENT OF THE RETINAL STRUCTURE IN CHILDREN WITH INCONTINENTIA PIGMENTI.

Journal Article Retina · August 2017 PURPOSE: This report aims at expanding the current knowledge of retinal microanatomy in children with incontinentia pigmenti using hand-held spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SDOCT). METHODS: We reviewed OCT scans from 7 children (4 weeks-13 ye ... Full text Link to item Cite

Computer-assisted quantification of pre-plus and plus disease in images obtained using Pictor versus video indirect ophthalmoscopy: a pilot study.

Journal Article J AAPOS · August 2017 Subjectivity in the diagnosis of plus disease in retinopathy of prematurity has prompted the creation of computer programs to objectively measure vascular characteristics. ROPtool is a semiautomated computer program that analyzes retinal vascular dilation ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patterns of Oxygenation, Mortality, and Growth Status in the Surfactant Positive Pressure and Oxygen Trial Cohort.

Journal Article J Pediatr · July 2017 OBJECTIVE: To characterize actual achieved patterns of oxygenation in infants born appropriate vs small for gestational age (SGA) randomized to a lower (85-89%) vs higher (91%-95%) oxygen saturation target in the Surfactant Positive Pressure and Oxygen Tri ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assessment of Lower Doses of Intravitreous Bevacizumab for Retinopathy of Prematurity: A Phase 1 Dosing Study.

Journal Article JAMA Ophthalmol · June 1, 2017 IMPORTANCE: Intravitreous bevacizumab (0.25 to 0.625 mg) is increasingly used to treat type 1 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), but there remain concerns about systemic toxicity. A much lower dose may be effective while reducing systemic risk. OBJECTIVE: T ... Full text Link to item Cite

Subclinical retinal manifestations in infants with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy

Conference INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE · June 1, 2017 Link to item Cite

360-Degree Trabeculotomy for Medically Refractory Glaucoma Following Cataract Surgery and Juvenile Open-Angle Glaucoma.

Journal Article Am J Ophthalmol · March 2017 PURPOSE: Although angle surgeries show good success in primary congenital glaucoma, reported success in glaucoma following cataract surgery (GFCS) and juvenile open-angle glaucoma (JOAG) is variable and with relatively short follow-up. We evaluated longer- ... Full text Link to item Cite

Four-dimensional Microscope-Integrated Optical Coherence Tomography to Visualize Suture Depth in Strabismus Surgery.

Journal Article J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus · February 14, 2017 The authors report the use of swept-source microscope-integrated optical coherence tomography (SS-MIOCT), capable of live four-dimensional (three-dimensional across time) intraoperative imaging, to directly visualize suture depth during lateral rectus rese ... Full text Link to item Cite

A Recurrent De Novo Variant in NACC1 Causes a Syndrome Characterized by Infantile Epilepsy, Cataracts, and Profound Developmental Delay.

Journal Article Am J Hum Genet · February 2, 2017 Whole-exome sequencing (WES) has increasingly enabled new pathogenic gene variant identification for undiagnosed neurodevelopmental disorders and provided insights into both gene function and disease biology. Here, we describe seven children with a neurode ... Full text Link to item Cite

Staying away from the optic nerve: a formula for modifying glaucoma drainage device surgery in pediatric and other small eyes.

Journal Article J AAPOS · February 2017 PURPOSE: To provide guidelines for safe implantation of glaucoma drainage devices (GDDs) in small and pediatric eyes to avoid contact between the optic nerve (ON) and the posterior edge of the GDD plate. METHODS: We developed a formula for calculating limb ... Full text Link to item Cite

Using an Image Fusion Methodology to Improve Efficiency and Traceability of Posterior Pole Vessel Analysis by ROPtool.

Journal Article Open Ophthalmol J · 2017 BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of plus disease in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) largely determines the need for treatment; however, this diagnosis is subjective. To make the diagnosis of plus disease more objective, semi-automated computer programs (e.g. ROP ... Full text Link to item Cite

Long-term home monitoring of intraocular pressure in pediatric glaucoma.

Journal Article J AAPOS · December 2016 PURPOSE: Diurnal fluctuation of intraocular pressure (IOP), implicated in progression of adult glaucoma, has been reported in children only in the context of office and short-term home monitoring. The purpose of this study was to evaluate long-term pattern ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cataract Surgery in Children from Birth to Less than 13 Years of Age: Baseline Characteristics of the Cohort.

Journal Article Ophthalmology · December 2016 OBJECTIVE: To describe baseline characteristics, initial postoperative refractive errors, operative complications, and magnitude of the intraocular lens (IOL) prediction error for refractive outcome in children undergoing lensectomy largely in North Americ ... Full text Link to item Cite

Growth Outcomes of Preterm Infants Exposed to Different Oxygen Saturation Target Ranges from Birth.

Journal Article J Pediatr · September 2016 OBJECTIVE: To test whether infants randomized to a lower oxygen saturation (peripheral capillary oxygen saturation [SpO2]) target range while on supplemental oxygen from birth will have better growth velocity from birth to 36 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA) ... Full text Link to item Cite

ROPtool analysis of Pictor images in the assessment of plus and pre-plus disease

Conference INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE · September 1, 2016 Link to item Cite

The macula in pediatric glaucoma: quantifying the inner and outer layers via optical coherence tomography automatic segmentation.

Journal Article J AAPOS · August 2016 BACKGROUND: Recent Spectralis (Heidelberg, Germany) spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) research software can automatically quantify the thickness of each individual retinal layer. The macular ganglion cell layer (GCL) and ganglion cell c ... Full text Link to item Cite

Use of optical coherence tomography in the eyes of children

Chapter · July 27, 2016 OCT has found its niche within virtually all ophthalmic subspecialties, be it glaucoma, retina/vitreous, or anterior segment. OCT's role in the diagnosis, management, and treatment of pediatric eye disease continues to evolve. Monumental gains have been ma ... Full text Cite

Aphakic/pseudophakic glaucoma

Chapter · July 27, 2016 Aphakic/pseudophakic glaucoma is a secondary glaucoma that occurs following the removal of a cataract. It is a serious consequence of cataract surgery in some patients and requires early diagnosis and prompt treatment. The presence of glaucoma may signific ... Full text Cite

Childhood glaucoma

Chapter · July 27, 2016 Childhood glaucoma comprises a group of vision-threatening diseases that can have a farreaching impact on the life of an affected individual. Glaucoma in children is often difficult to manage, and it is important to understand the underlying etiology to he ... Full text Cite

Facilitated Versus Self-guided Training of Non-ophthalmologists for Grading Pre-plus and Plus Disease Using Fundus Images for Retinopathy of Prematurity Screening.

Journal Article J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus · May 1, 2016 PURPOSE: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is an important cause of preventable blindness; barriers to screening necessitate novel approaches. Although trained non-ophthalmologists can accurately grade retinal images for ROP, effective training protocols ar ... Full text Link to item Cite

Leveraging a Sturge-Weber Gene Discovery: An Agenda for Future Research.

Journal Article Pediatr Neurol · May 2016 Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS) is a vascular neurocutaneous disorder that results from a somatic mosaic mutation in GNAQ, which is also responsible for isolated port-wine birthmarks. Infants with SWS are born with a cutaneous capillary malformation (port-wine ... Full text Link to item Cite

Rebound tonometry over an air-filled anterior chamber in the supine child after intraocular surgery.

Journal Article J AAPOS · April 2016 BACKGROUND: Intracameral air is a critical component of multiple ophthalmic surgical procedures and is frequently used in pediatric intraocular surgery. Among other benefits, it helps to facilitate postoperative examination in uncooperative children by all ... Full text Link to item Cite

Microcystic Macular Changes in Primary Open-angle Glaucoma.

Journal Article J Glaucoma · March 2016 PURPOSE: To describe microcystic macular changes in patients with moderate to advanced primary open-angle glaucoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eleven eyes of 6 unrelated patients were retrospectively identified based on a disproportionately preserved macular th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Icare ONE Home Tonometry in Children With and Without Known Glaucoma.

Journal Article J Glaucoma · February 2016 PURPOSE: The Icare ONE (Finland Oy) rebound tonometer may have promise for home tonometry in children with glaucoma. The purpose of this study was: (1) to assess the feasibility of Icare ONE home tonometry in a small number of children with and without gla ... Full text Link to item Cite

The incidence of neovascular membranes and visual field defects from optic nerve head drusen in children.

Journal Article J AAPOS · February 2016 PURPOSE: To evaluate the incidence of visual field defects and choroidal neovascular membranes (CNVM) in a cohort of pediatric patients with optic nerve head drusen (ONHD). METHODS: The medical records of children with ONHD seen at a single center from Jan ... Full text Link to item Cite

Retinal Changes in Pediatric Glaucoma and Nonglaucomatous Optic Atrophy.

Journal Article Am J Ophthalmol · January 2016 PURPOSE: To describe the incidence and significance of retinal changes in pediatric eyes with glaucoma and nonglaucomatous optic atrophy by optical coherence tomography (OCT). DESIGN: Retrospective observational case series. METHODS: OCT scans performed on ... Full text Link to item Cite

A Comparative Study of Rebound Tonometry With Tonopen and Goldmann Applanation Tonometry Following Vitreoretinal Surgery.

Journal Article Am J Ophthalmol · January 2016 PURPOSE: To investigate agreement in intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements among Icare rebound tonometry, Tonopen tonometry, and Goldmann applanation tonometry following vitreoretinal surgery. DESIGN: Reliability analysis of tonometers. METHODS: Fifty-ey ... Full text Link to item Cite

Thinner Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer in Very Preterm Versus Term Infants and Relationship to Brain Anatomy and Neurodevelopment.

Journal Article Am J Ophthalmol · December 2015 PURPOSE: To assess retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness at term-equivalent age in very preterm (<32 weeks gestational age) vs term-born infant cohorts, and compare very preterm infant RNFL thickness with brain anatomy and neurodevelopment. DESIGN: Co ... Full text Link to item Cite

ROPtool analysis of images acquired using a noncontact handheld fundus camera (Pictor)--a pilot study.

Journal Article J AAPOS · December 2015 The presence of plus disease is the primary indication for treatment of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), but its diagnosis is subjective and prone to error. ROPtool is a semiautomated computer program that quantifies vascular tortuosity and dilation. Pict ... Full text Link to item Cite

Corneal Changes in Children after Unilateral Cataract Surgery in the Infant Aphakia Treatment Study.

Journal Article Ophthalmology · November 2015 PURPOSE: We report endothelial cell (EC) characteristics and central corneal thickness (CCT) from the Infant Aphakia Treatment Study (IATS) patients at the 5-year examination. DESIGN: Randomized, controlled trial of the treatment of unilateral cataract wit ... Full text Link to item Cite

FUNCTIONAL OUTCOMES OF YOUNG INFANTS WITH AND WITHOUT MACULAR EDEMA.

Journal Article Retina · October 2015 PURPOSE: The authors relate posterior segment microanatomy from perinatal spectral domain optical coherence tomography to visual acuity, brain abnormalities, and neurodevelopment. METHODS: Thirteen infants (11 preterm and 2 term birth), imaged in the nurse ... Full text Link to item Cite

In vitro characteristics of Tenon's fibroblast lines derived from pediatric and adult eyes do not fully explain pediatric glaucoma surgery failure: a preliminary report.

Journal Article J AAPOS · October 2015 PURPOSE: To compare the in vitro characteristics of Tenon's capsule fibroblasts from children and adults that may be relevant to filtration surgery success. METHODS: Fibroblast cell lines derived from 5 young (median patient age, 2.4 years) and 7 old (medi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Glaucoma-Related Adverse Events in the First 5 Years After Unilateral Cataract Removal in the Infant Aphakia Treatment Study.

Journal Article JAMA Ophthalmol · August 2015 IMPORTANCE: Glaucoma-related adverse events constitute major sight-threatening complications of cataract removal in infancy, yet their relationship to aphakia vs primary intraocular lens (IOL) implantation remains unsettled. OBJECTIVE: To identify and char ... Full text Link to item Cite

A comparison of Icare PRO and Tono-Pen XL tonometers in anesthetized children.

Journal Article J AAPOS · August 2015 BACKGROUND: Tonometry in the anesthetized child, vital for evaluating known or suspected glaucoma, remains limited to tonometers capable of supine recording. The Icare PRO measures intraocular pressure (IOP) in the sitting or supine patient. The purpose of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ultrasound evaluation of glaucoma drainage devices in children.

Journal Article J AAPOS · June 2015 This study evaluated B-scan ultrasound as a technique for assessing glaucoma drainage device (GDD) patency/function in refractory pediatric glaucoma. We retrospectively evaluated 70 eyes of 52 patients after Ahmed (n = 40 eyes), Baerveldt (n = 27 eyes) and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Validated System for Centralized Grading of Retinopathy of Prematurity: Telemedicine Approaches to Evaluating Acute-Phase Retinopathy of Prematurity (e-ROP) Study.

Journal Article JAMA Ophthalmol · June 2015 IMPORTANCE: Measurable competence derived from comprehensive and advanced training in grading digital images is critical in studies using a reading center to evaluate retinal fundus images from infants at risk for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Details ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assessment of retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in healthy, full-term neonates.

Journal Article Am J Ophthalmol · April 2015 PURPOSE: To measure average retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thicknesses in healthy, full-term neonates. DESIGN: Descriptive research to develop normative data. METHODS: Healthy infants born between 37 and 42 weeks postmenstrual age were imaged with hand-h ... Full text Link to item Cite

PaCO2 in surfactant, positive pressure, and oxygenation randomised trial (SUPPORT).

Journal Article Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed · March 2015 OBJECTIVE: To determine the association of arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide PaCO2 with severe intraventricular haemorrhage (sIVH), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), and neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) at 18-22 months in premature infants. DE ... Full text Link to item Cite

Delay in retinal photoreceptor development in very preterm compared to term infants.

Journal Article Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci · January 13, 2015 PURPOSE: We compared photoreceptor development from spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) imaging in very preterm infants (VPT, <32 weeks gestational age) with those of term infants. METHODS: The microanatomy of foveal SD-OCT images obtaine ... Full text Link to item Cite

Choroid plexus in the eye: a case study.

Journal Article Retin Cases Brief Rep · 2015 PURPOSE: The purpose of this report is to describe a pediatric case of total retinal detachment (RD) with secondary glaucoma in the setting of posterior coloboma with the metaplastic retinal pigment epithelium showing abrupt transition to choroid plexus ti ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evaluation of the accuracy of grading indirect ophthalmoscopy video images for retinopathy of prematurity screening.

Journal Article J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus · 2015 PURPOSE: To determine whether digital retinal images obtained using a video indirect ophthalmoscopy system can be accurately graded for zone, stage of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), and plus or pre-plus disease, and used to screen for type 1 ROP. METHOD ... Full text Link to item Cite

Intraocular pressure in children: the effect of body position as assessed by Icare and Tono-Pen tonometers.

Journal Article Am J Ophthalmol · December 2014 PURPOSE: To explore the effect of body position (sitting vs supine) on intraocular pressure (IOP) in children, as assessed by the Icare PRO and the Tono-Pen. DESIGN: Prospective clinical study. METHODS: Children with known or suspected glaucoma and those w ... Full text Link to item Cite

The effect of repeated measurements and the use of topical anesthetic on rebound tonometry values in children.

Journal Article J AAPOS · December 2014 Measurement of intraocular pressure (IOP) in children is important in the management of pediatric glaucoma. Availability of the Icare rebound tonometer has greatly facilitated our ability to obtain awake IOP in infants and children, but little has been rep ... Full text Link to item Cite

In reply.

Other JAMA Ophthalmol · December 2014 Full text Link to item Cite

Validity of a telemedicine system for the evaluation of acute-phase retinopathy of prematurity.

Journal Article JAMA Ophthalmol · October 2014 IMPORTANCE: The present strategy to identify infants needing treatment for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) requires repeated examinations of at-risk infants by physicians. However, less than 10% ultimately require treatment. Retinal imaging by nonphysicia ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evaluation of optic nerve development in preterm and term infants using handheld spectral-domain optical coherence tomography.

Journal Article Ophthalmology · September 2014 PURPOSE: To evaluate effects of prematurity on early optic nerve (ON) development and the usefulness of ON parameters as indicators of central nervous system (CNS) development and pathology. DESIGN: Prospective, cross-sectional, longitudinal study. PARTICI ... Full text Link to item Cite

Nystagmus and related fixation instabilities following extraction of unilateral infantile cataract in the Infant Aphakia Treatment Study (IATS).

Journal Article Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci · August 5, 2014 PURPOSE: To study eye movements in a large group of children after the removal of unilateral infantile cataract, and to compare fixation instabilities between treatment groups with or without IOL implantation. METHODS: The Infant Aphakia Treatment Study (I ... Full text Link to item Cite

Retinal imaging in premature infants using the Pictor noncontact digital camera.

Journal Article J AAPOS · August 2014 PURPOSE: To evaluate, first, the feasibility of using Pictor, a new portable, noncontact digital fundus camera, to obtain high-quality retinal images of prematurely born infants and, second, the accuracy of grading these images for clinically significant p ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comparison of contact lens and intraocular lens correction of monocular aphakia during infancy: a randomized clinical trial of HOTV optotype acuity at age 4.5 years and clinical findings at age 5 years.

Journal Article JAMA Ophthalmol · June 2014 IMPORTANCE: The efficacy and safety of primary intraocular lens (IOL) implantation during early infancy is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To compare the visual outcomes of patients optically corrected with contact lenses vs IOLs following unilateral cataract surgery ... Full text Link to item Cite

Predicting the need for laser treatment in retinopathy of prematurity using computer-assisted quantitative vascular analysis.

Journal Article J AAPOS · April 2014 PURPOSE: To investigate whether parameters of retinal vascular dilation and/or tortuosity calculated by ROPtool software can help to predict, prior to diagnosis of plus disease, whether laser will be needed for treatment of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evaluation of an indirect ophthalmoscopy digital photographic system as a retinopathy of prematurity screening tool.

Journal Article J AAPOS · February 2014 PURPOSE: To determine whether digital retinal images obtained from an indirect ophthalmoscopy imaging system (Keeler) can be accurately graded for clinically significant retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) by masked experts. METHODS: The medical records of in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Real-time, computer-assisted quantification of plus disease in retinopathy of prematurity at the bedside.

Journal Article Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina · 2014 BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Plus disease is the primary indication for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) treatment, but in borderline cases ophthalmologists may struggle to judge whether it is present. ROPtool is a semi-automated computer program that objecti ... Full text Link to item Cite

Anterior segment photography in pediatric eyes using the Lytro light field handheld noncontact camera.

Journal Article J AAPOS · December 2013 PURPOSE: To compare anterior segment findings identified in young children using digital photographic images from the Lytro light field camera to those observed clinically. METHODS: This was a prospective study of children <9 years of age with an anterior ... Full text Link to item Cite

Glaucoma in infants and children

Chapter · October 5, 2013 Cite

Racial variation in optic nerve head parameters quantified in healthy newborns by handheld spectral domain optical coherence tomography.

Journal Article J AAPOS · October 2013 PURPOSE: To characterize optic nerve head (ONH) morphology and parameters, including vertical disk diameter, vertical cup diameter, and vertical cup/disk ratio in healthy, full-term newborns using a handheld spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD ... Full text Link to item Cite

Optical coherence tomography in paediatric glaucoma: time domain versus spectral domain.

Journal Article Br J Ophthalmol · July 2013 BACKGROUND/AIMS: Spectral-domain (SD)- Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) can track eye movements, has faster acquisition time and higher resolution than time-domain(TD)-OCT. The aim of the study was to assess the utility of SD-OCT in paediatric glaucoma a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Choroid development and feasibility of choroidal imaging in the preterm and term infants utilizing SD-OCT.

Journal Article Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci · June 14, 2013 PURPOSE: To determine whether choroidal imaging is feasible in preterm and term infants using an 840-nm portable spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) system without the use of enhanced-depth imaging techniques and to assess choroidal devel ... Full text Link to item Cite

CYP1B1, MYOC, and LTBP2 mutations in primary congenital glaucoma patients in the United States.

Journal Article Am J Ophthalmol · March 2013 PURPOSE: To screen primary congenital glaucoma patients in the United States for sequence variants within the CYP1B1, LTBP2, and MYOC genes using Sanger and whole exome sequencing. DESIGN: Retrospective case-control study. METHODS: Fifty-seven primary cong ... Full text Link to item Cite

Surgical outcomes in childhood uveitic glaucoma.

Journal Article Am J Ophthalmol · January 2013 PURPOSE: To evaluate surgical outcomes and to describe a strategy for pediatric uveitic glaucoma. DESIGN: Retrospective case series. METHODS: The clinical practice of a single surgeon identified 36 patients with juvenile uveitic glaucoma (diagnosed before ... Full text Link to item Cite

Impact of age, diagnosis, and history of glaucoma surgery on outcomes in pediatric patients treated with latanoprost.

Journal Article J Glaucoma · 2013 PURPOSE: To evaluate the impact of age, glaucoma-specific diagnosis, and history of prior glaucoma surgery on outcomes in pediatric patients treated with latanoprost monotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Prospective, randomized, double-masked 12-week, multice ... Full text Link to item Cite

Macular findings in healthy full-term Hispanic newborns observed by hand-held spectral-domain optical coherence tomography.

Journal Article Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina · 2013 BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To enhance understanding of ethnically diverse normal newborn retinal morphology, the authors report spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) macular findings in healthy Hispanic newborns. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In thi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Longitudinal reproducibility of optical coherence tomography measurements in children.

Journal Article J AAPOS · December 2012 PURPOSE: To evaluate the longitudinal reproducibility of optical coherence tomography (OCT) measurements in normal and glaucomatous eyes of children. METHODS: In this 2-setting prospective study, OCT-3 was used to obtain fast retinal nerve fiber layer (RNF ... Full text Link to item Cite

Spectral-domain optical coherence tomographic assessment of severity of cystoid macular edema in retinopathy of prematurity.

Journal Article Arch Ophthalmol · May 2012 Featured Publication OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether the severity of cystoid macular edema (CME) in neonates who were 31 to 36 weeks' postmenstrual age, as viewed by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT)imaging, predicts the severity of retinopathy of prematu ... Full text Link to item Cite

Glaucoma-related adverse events in the Infant Aphakia Treatment Study: 1-year results.

Journal Article Arch Ophthalmol · March 2012 Featured Publication OBJECTIVES: To report the incidence of glaucoma and glaucoma suspects in the IATS, and to evaluate risk factors for the development of a glaucoma-related adverse event in patients in the IATS in the first year of follow-up. METHODS: A total of 114 infants ... Full text Link to item Cite

Exploratory Dijkstra forest based automatic vessel segmentation: applications in video indirect ophthalmoscopy (VIO).

Journal Article Biomed Opt Express · February 1, 2012 We present a methodology for extracting the vascular network in the human retina using Dijkstra's shortest-path algorithm. Our method preserves vessel thickness, requires no manual intervention, and follows vessel branching naturally and efficiently. To te ... Full text Link to item Cite

Home assessment of diurnal intraocular pressure in healthy children using the Icare rebound tonometer.

Journal Article J AAPOS · February 2012 BACKGROUND: Although intraocular pressure (IOP) is known to vary with the circadian cycle in nonglaucomatous and glaucomatous eyes of adults, the clinical assessment of IOP often relies on periodic measurements obtained at office visits during daytime hour ... Full text Link to item Cite

Subfoveal fluid in healthy full-term newborns observed by handheld spectral-domain optical coherence tomography.

Journal Article Am J Ophthalmol · January 2012 Featured Publication PURPOSE: To report retinal findings for healthy newborn infants imaged with handheld spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT). DESIGN: Prospective, observational case series. METHODS: Thirty-nine full-term newborn infants underwent dilated ret ... Full text Link to item Cite

Author reply

Other Ophthalmology · January 1, 2012 Full text Cite

Dynamics of human foveal development after premature birth.

Journal Article Ophthalmology · December 2011 Featured Publication PURPOSE: To determine the dynamic morphologic development of the human fovea in vivo using portable spectral domain-optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). DESIGN: Prospective, observational case series. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-one prematurely born neonates, 9 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comparison of latanoprost and timolol in pediatric glaucoma: a phase 3, 12-week, randomized, double-masked multicenter study.

Journal Article Ophthalmology · October 2011 Featured Publication OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy and safety of latanoprost versus timolol in pediatric patients with glaucoma. DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, double-masked, 12-week, multicenter study. PARTICIPANTS: Individuals aged ≤18 years with glaucoma. METHODS: St ... Full text Link to item Cite

Latanoprost systemic exposure in pediatric and adult patients with glaucoma: a phase 1, open-label study.

Journal Article Ophthalmology · October 2011 Featured Publication OBJECTIVE: To evaluate short-term safety and steady-state systemic pharmacokinetics (PK) of latanoprost acid in pediatric subjects with glaucoma or ocular hypertension who received the adult latanoprost dose. DESIGN: Phase 1, open-label, multicenter study. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Enhanced video indirect ophthalmoscopy (VIO) via robust mosaicing.

Journal Article Biomed Opt Express · October 1, 2011 Featured Publication Indirect ophthalmoscopy (IO) is the standard of care for evaluation of the neonatal retina. When recorded on video from a head-mounted camera, IO images have low quality and narrow Field of View (FOV). We present an image fusion methodology for converting ... Full text Link to item Cite

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) measurements in black and white children with large cup-to-disc ratios.

Journal Article Exp Eye Res · September 2011 Featured Publication Children with large optic nerve head cups often pose diagnostic difficulty due to concern over possible glaucoma. This study's purpose was to evaluate optical coherence tomography (OCT) measurement of the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Home tonometry for management of pediatric glaucoma.

Journal Article Am J Ophthalmol · September 2011 Featured Publication PURPOSE: To use iCare rebound tonometry in the home setting for documentation of diurnal intraocular pressure (IOP) fluctuations in children. DESIGN: Nonrandomized, prospective clinical study. METHODS: Pediatric ophthalmology clinic patients were recruited ... Full text Link to item Cite

Macular features from spectral-domain optical coherence tomography as an adjunct to indirect ophthalmoscopy in retinopathy of prematurity.

Journal Article Retina · September 2011 Featured Publication PURPOSE: To compare vitreoretinal pathology imaged with portable handheld spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) to conventional indirect ophthalmoscopic examination in neonates undergoing screening for retinopathy of prematurity. METHODS: S ... Full text Link to item Cite

Predictive value of pre-plus disease in retinopathy of prematurity.

Journal Article Arch Ophthalmol · May 2011 Featured Publication OBJECTIVES: To investigate prospectively whether the presence of pre-plus disease predicts progression to severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) requiring laser treatment. METHODS: Posterior retinal video recordings were obtained during 710 indirect ophth ... Full text Link to item Cite

Icare rebound tonometry in children with known and suspected glaucoma.

Journal Article J AAPOS · April 2011 Featured Publication BACKGROUND: Accurate intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement, important in managing pediatric glaucoma, often presents challenges. The Icare rebound tonometer shows promise for screening healthy children and has been reported comparable with Goldmann applan ... Full text Link to item Cite

Acquired central corneal thickness increase following removal of childhood cataracts.

Journal Article Am J Ophthalmol · March 2011 Featured Publication PURPOSE: To evaluate central corneal thickness (CCT) in children with congenital/developmental cataracts before and after cataract removal, to correlate CCT with corneal diameters before cataract surgery in this same group, and to evaluate CCT over time in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Reversible retinal edema in an infant with neonatal hemochromatosis and liver failure.

Journal Article J AAPOS · February 2011 We present a case of bilateral severe retinal edema with subretinal fluid in an infant diagnosed with neonatal hemochromatosis and liver failure. A macular cherry-red spot in each eye mimicked the clinical appearance of many metabolic storage diseases. Bot ... Full text Link to item Cite

Combining ROPtool measurements of vascular tortuosity and width to quantify plus disease in retinopathy of prematurity.

Journal Article J AAPOS · February 2011 Featured Publication BACKGROUND: ROPtool is a computer program that is used to measure retinal vascular tortuosity and width. Our aim was to determine the best method for combining ROPtool's tortuosity and width values into an overall measure of plus disease. METHODS: ROPtool ... Full text Link to item Cite

Differentiating glaucomatous from non-glaucomatous optic nerve cupping by optical coherence tomography.

Journal Article Open Neurol J · January 26, 2011 Featured Publication BACKGROUND: In clinical practice, the differentiation of glaucomatous from non-glaucomatous cupping can be difficult, even for experienced observers. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in differentiatin ... Full text Link to item Cite

Central corneal thickness in children and adolescents with pediatric glaucoma and eye disorders at risk of developing glaucoma.

Journal Article J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus · 2011 BACKGROUND: To investigate central corneal thickness (CCT) in children with glaucoma and at risk for glaucoma. METHODS: The study included 139 children with glaucoma: 66 at risk for glaucoma (ie, aphakia, aniridia, or uveitis) and 66 normal children. CCT w ... Full text Link to item Cite

The accuracy of photoscreening at detecting treatable ocular conditions in children with Down syndrome.

Journal Article J AAPOS · December 2010 Featured Publication BACKGROUND: Children with Down syndrome (DS) have an increased prevalence of ocular disorders, including amblyopia, strabismus, and refractive error. Health maintenance guidelines from the Down Syndrome Medical Interest Group recommend ophthalmologic exami ... Full text Link to item Cite

Postoperative cilioretinal artery occlusion in Sturge Weber-associated glaucoma.

Journal Article J AAPOS · August 2010 Surgical management of Sturge Weber-associated glaucoma is challenging. Choroidal effusion and expulsive choroidal hemorrhage are commonly cited potential risks. We report a case of a cilioretinal artery occlusion associated with glaucoma drainage device s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Computer-assisted measurement of retinal vascular width and tortuosity in retinopathy of prematurity.

Journal Article Arch Ophthalmol · July 2010 Featured Publication OBJECTIVES: To validate the accuracy of ROPtool software in measuring retinal vascular width and tortuosity in a large image set compared with expert diagnoses. METHODS: Tortuosity and dilation indexes generated by ROPtool were compared with 3 expert conse ... Full text Link to item Cite

Optimizing hand-held spectral domain optical coherence tomography imaging for neonates, infants, and children.

Journal Article Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci · May 2010 PURPOSE: To describe age-related considerations and methods to improve hand-held spectral domain optical coherence tomography (HH-SD OCT) imaging of eyes of neonates, infants, and children. METHODS: Based on calculated optical parameters for neonatal and i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Conformance with preferred practice patterns in caring for children with esotropia.

Journal Article J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus · 2010 PURPOSE: To evaluate documentation of the initial evaluation in patients with esotropia, with respect to history, physical examination, care management, and patient education, for the presence of key elements as defined in the American Academy of Ophthalmo ... Full text Link to item Cite

The infant aphakia treatment study: design and clinical measures at enrollment.

Journal Article Arch Ophthalmol · January 2010 OBJECTIVE: To compare the use of contact lenses and intraocular lenses (IOLs) for the optical correction of unilateral aphakia during infancy. METHODS: In a randomized, multicenter (12 sites) clinical trial, 114 infants with unilateral congenital cataracts ... Full text Link to item Cite

Glaucoma in infancy and early childhood

Chapter · December 1, 2009 Childhood glaucomas are a rare, heterogeneous group of disorders which, like adult glaucoma, can have vision-threatening consequences. Diagnosis and management of the pediatric glaucomas present several unique challenges. It is often the parent, primary ca ... Full text Cite

Latanoprost in pediatric glaucoma--pediatric exposure over a decade.

Journal Article J AAPOS · December 2009 Featured Publication BACKGROUND: Although numerous studies of latanoprost in adult glaucoma have shown it to be an effective hypotensive agent with a low incidence of side effects, these issues have not been well studied in pediatric glaucomas. The purpose of the current study ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evolution of plus disease in retinopathy of prematurity: quantification by ROPtool.

Journal Article Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc · December 2009 Featured Publication PURPOSE: The primary indication for laser treatment in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is plus disease, or abnormal dilation and tortuosity of arterioles and venules. ROPtool is a computer program that traces retinal blood vessels and measures their width ... Link to item Cite

Insights into advanced retinopathy of prematurity using handheld spectral domain optical coherence tomography imaging.

Journal Article Ophthalmology · December 2009 Featured Publication PURPOSE: To elucidate the subclinical anatomy of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT). DESIGN: Prospective, observational case series. PARTICIPANTS: Three low-birth-weight, severely premature infants. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Correlation between optical coherence tomography and glaucomatous optic nerve head damage in children.

Journal Article Br J Ophthalmol · October 2009 Featured Publication AIM: To compare analysis of macular and nerve fibre layer thickness by optical coherence tomography (OCT) with optic nerve head (ONH) morphology based on stereophotography. DESIGN: Prospective observational case-control series. METHODS: Normal and glaucoma ... Full text Link to item Cite

A pilot study using ROPtool to measure retinal vascular dilation.

Journal Article Retina · September 2009 BACKGROUND: Plus disease is abnormal retinal vascular dilation and tortuosity, and it is now the primary indication for laser treatment in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). ROPtool is a computer program that measures retinal arteriolar tortuosity. Our aim ... Full text Link to item Cite

Tortuosity of arterioles and venules in quantifying plus disease.

Journal Article J AAPOS · April 2009 Featured Publication BACKGROUND: Plus disease is the major criterion for laser treatment of retinopathy of prematurity. ROPtool is a computer program that traces retinal blood vessels and measures their tortuosity. Our objectives were to determine (1) whether examiners could a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Travoprost in children: adverse effects and intraocular pressure response.

Journal Article J AAPOS · February 2009 Featured Publication Because of the limited ability to perform controlled, randomized studies in children, the safety and effectiveness of topical medications in pediatric glaucoma is sometimes difficult to determine. Although travoprost has been commercially available since 2 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Optical coherence tomography in the eyes of normal children.

Journal Article Arch Ophthalmol · January 2009 Featured Publication OBJECTIVE: To collect a normative database of macular thickness, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thicknesses, and optic nerve topography in the healthy eyes of children aged 3 to 17 years using optical coherence tomography (OCT) measurements. METHODS: Sca ... Full text Link to item Cite

Abnormal foveal morphology in ocular albinism imaged with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography.

Journal Article Arch Ophthalmol · January 2009 Featured Publication OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the spectrum of foveal architecture in pediatric albinism and to assess the utility of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) in ocular imaging of children with nystagmus. METHODS: Spectral-domain OCT imaging was perform ... Full text Link to item Cite

Exposure to topical apraclonidine in children with glaucoma.

Journal Article J Glaucoma · 2009 Featured Publication PURPOSE: The topical alpha-2 adrenergic agonist, brimonidine, although effective at intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction in adults, is contraindicated in infants/small children due to severe systemic side effects. The topical alpha-2 adrenergic agonist apr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Vascular dilation and tortuosity in plus disease.

Other Arch Ophthalmol · January 2009 Featured Publication Full text Link to item Cite

Agreement among pediatric ophthalmologists in diagnosing plus and pre-plus disease in retinopathy of prematurity.

Journal Article J AAPOS · August 2008 Featured Publication PURPOSE: Plus disease has become the major criterion for laser treatment in infants with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), but its assessment is subjective. Our purpose was to compare quadrant-level and eye-level assessment of plus disease and pre-plus dis ... Full text Link to item Cite

Retinopathy of prematurity care: patterns of care and workforce analysis.

Journal Article J AAPOS · August 2008 Featured Publication PURPOSE: To describe the workforce that provides retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) care. METHODS: We surveyed a random sample of ophthalmologists' offices by telephone (n = 1504) and then sent a mail survey to those who were reported to provide care to infa ... Full text Link to item Cite

Reply

Other Journal of AAPOS · August 1, 2008 Full text Cite

A tool for computer-aided diagnosis of retinopathy of prematurity

Chapter · June 2, 2008 In this paper we present improvements to a software application, named ROPtool, that aids in the timely and accurate detection and diagnosis of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). ROP occurs in 68% of infants less than 1251 grams at birth, and it is a leadin ... Full text Cite

Aqueous drainage device surgery in refractory pediatric glaucomas: I. Long-term outcomes.

Journal Article J AAPOS · February 2008 Featured Publication PURPOSE: To determine the long-term outcomes and complications of aqueous drainage device surgery in children with congenital and aphakic glaucoma. METHODS: Chart review of consecutive children treated with aqueous drainage device surgery at Duke Universit ... Full text Link to item Cite

Aqueous drainage device surgery in refractory pediatric glaucoma: II. Ocular motility consequences.

Journal Article J AAPOS · February 2008 Featured Publication PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence of complications relating to ocular motility and alignment in children with refractory congenital and aphakic glaucoma treated with aqueous drainage device surgery. METHODS: Chart review of consecutive children treated ... Full text Link to item Cite

Computer-assisted assessment of plus disease in retinopathy of prematurity using video indirect ophthalmoscopy images.

Journal Article Retina · 2008 Featured Publication PURPOSE: "ROPtool" is a computer program that measures retinal blood vessel tortuosity. Our aim was to determine the feasibility and accuracy of analyzing images with ROPtool, which were obtained using video indirect ophthalmoscopy. METHODS: Forty-five pos ... Full text Link to item Cite

Quantifying vertical angle kappa after macular translocation surgery: a new use for the synoptophore.

Journal Article Strabismus · 2008 PURPOSE: To report the measurement of vertical angle kappa and its application in patients after full macular translocation (MT360) and extraocular muscle surgery (to correct the resultant large angle torsion), in a prospective study. METHODS: A custom sli ... Full text Link to item Cite

Safety and efficacy of silicone rod frontalis suspension surgery for childhood ptosis repair.

Journal Article J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus · 2008 PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of silicone rod frontalis suspension surgery for childhood ptosis. METHODS: The authors retrospectively studied 89 consecutive children (110 eyelids) who had silicone rod frontalis suspension surgery for ptosis ... Full text Link to item Cite

Optical coherence tomography as a tool for monitoring pediatric pseudotumor cerebri.

Journal Article J AAPOS · December 2007 Featured Publication PURPOSE: To evaluate optical coherence tomography (OCT) measurement of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and macular thickness in children with pseudotumor cerebri. METHODS: Prospective observational series of children with pseudotumor cerebri ... Full text Link to item Cite

Reply:

Other Journal of AAPOS · December 1, 2007 Full text Cite

Accuracy of ROPtool vs individual examiners in assessing retinal vascular tortuosity.

Journal Article Arch Ophthalmol · November 2007 Featured Publication OBJECTIVE: To prospectively determine if tortuosity assessment by a computer program (ROPtool) that traces retinal blood vessels and measures their tortuosity was more accurate than that of individual pediatric ophthalmologists. METHODS: One hundred eighty ... Full text Link to item Cite

Central corneal thickness: congenital cataracts and aphakia.

Journal Article Am J Ophthalmol · October 2007 Featured Publication PURPOSE: To evaluate central corneal thickness (CCT) in normal children (controls) and in those with cataracts, pseudophakia, and aphakia. DESIGN: Prospective, observational case series. METHODS: CCT was measured in 369 eyes of 223 children. Subjects with ... Full text Link to item Cite

A pilot study using "ROPtool" to quantify plus disease in retinopathy of prematurity.

Journal Article J AAPOS · August 2007 Featured Publication PURPOSE: The accurate diagnosis of plus disease is critical to optimize the timing of laser treatment. Unfortunately, it is highly subjective and error-prone. "ROPtool" is a computer program that automatically traces retinal blood vessels and measures thei ... Full text Link to item Cite

Fixation switch and diplopia after full macular translocation surgery.

Journal Article J AAPOS · April 2007 Featured Publication PURPOSE: We sought to identify and evaluate treatment of patients who switched fixation to the poorer-seeing eye and complained of persistent diplopia 6 to 12 months after full macular translocation surgery (MT360) and extraocular muscle surgery. METHODS: ... Full text Link to item Cite

Endoscopic laser cyclophotocoagulation in pediatric glaucoma with corneal opacities.

Journal Article J AAPOS · February 2007 Featured Publication INTRODUCTION: Endoscopic diode cycloablation (ECP) has shown modest efficacy for the management of pediatric glaucomas. Eyes with pediatric glaucoma and corneal opacities pose obstacles to intraocular surgery. We examined the role of ECP in lowering intrao ... Full text Link to item Cite

Central corneal thickness in children: Racial differences (black vs. white) and correlation with measured intraocular pressure.

Journal Article J Glaucoma · December 2006 Featured Publication PURPOSE: To test the hypotheses that the mean central corneal thickness (CCT) of healthy black children is thinner than that of healthy white children and to confirm the relationship between increased CCT and measured intraocular pressure (IOP) in children ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Early Treatment for Retinopathy Of Prematurity Study: structural findings at age 2 years.

Journal Article Br J Ophthalmol · November 2006 OBJECTIVE: To determine whether earlier treatment of high-risk, prethreshold retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) improves retinal structural outcome at 2 years of age. METHODS: Infants with bilateral high-risk prethreshold ROP had one eye randomly assigned to ... Full text Link to item Cite

Juvenile bilateral lens dislocation and glaucoma associated with a novel mutation in the fibrillin 1 gene.

Journal Article Mol Vis · August 28, 2006 PURPOSE: To describe the clinical, ocular, and genetic findings in multiple members of a family with early-onset and bilateral lens dislocation, clinical corneal guttae, and glaucoma. METHODS: All family members underwent complete physical and ophthalmic e ... Link to item Cite

Central corneal thickness in children: stability over time.

Journal Article Am J Ophthalmol · May 2006 Featured Publication PURPOSE: To evaluate central corneal thickness (CCT) in children over time. DESIGN: Prospective observational case series. METHODS: CCT was measured by ultrasonic pachymetry in 69 eyes of 38 subjects age 3 to 14 years recruited from the Duke University Eye ... Full text Link to item Cite

Fibrovascular ingrowth as a cause of Ahmed glaucoma valve failure in children.

Journal Article Am J Ophthalmol · February 2006 Featured Publication PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to document the presence of fibrovascular ingrowth into the Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) as a cause of AGV failure in the pediatric population. DESIGN: Retrospective case series. METHODS: Retrospective study of six child ... Full text Link to item Cite

Extraocular muscle surgery for extorsion after macular translocation surgery new surgical technique and clinical management.

Journal Article Ophthalmology · January 2006 Featured Publication PURPOSE: To report a new extraocular muscle surgery procedure for large-angle extorsion, and clinical management of subjective tilt and diplopia after full macular translocation (MT360). DESIGN: Consecutive retrospective case series. PARTICIPANTS: Seven pa ... Full text Link to item Cite

Combined intraocular lens implantation and glaucoma implant (tube shunt) surgery in pediatric patients: a case series.

Journal Article J AAPOS · August 2005 Featured Publication PURPOSE: We sought to investigate the outcomes of children who underwent simultaneous intraocular lens (IOL) implant and glaucoma implant surgery. METHODS: Medical records of all patients who underwent simultaneous IOL implant and glaucoma implant surgery ... Full text Link to item Cite

The incidence and course of retinopathy of prematurity: findings from the early treatment for retinopathy of prematurity study.

Journal Article Pediatrics · July 2005 OBJECTIVES: To estimate the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in the Early Treatment for Retinopathy of Prematurity (ETROP) Study and compare these results with those reported in the Cryotherapy for Retinopathy of Prematurity (CRYO-ROP) Study. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Macular and retinal nerve fiber layer analysis of normal and glaucomatous eyes in children using optical coherence tomography.

Journal Article Am J Ophthalmol · March 2005 Featured Publication PURPOSE: To evaluate macular and nerve fiber layer (NFL) thickness in normal and glaucomatous eyes of children 3 to 17 years old using optical coherence tomography (OCT-3). DESIGN: Observational cross-sectional study. METHODS: One hundred fifty-six eyes of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Case series of angle-closure glaucoma after laser treatment for retinopathy of prematurity.

Journal Article J AAPOS · February 2005 Featured Publication PURPOSE: Laser photocoagulation is the current treatment standard for severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Uncommon, but well recognized complications include cataract, and vitreous and retinal hemorrhage. Angle-closure glaucoma after laser photocoagul ... Full text Link to item Cite

Lisch nodules after trabeculectomy.

Journal Article Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging · 2005 The development of Lisch nodules in an eye that had undergone trabeculectomy with mitomycin C is described. Complete ophthalmologic examinations and genetic testing of a 12-year-old boy were performed. Lisch nodules can develop after trabeculectomy without ... Link to item Cite

Quality of life after macular translocation with 360 degrees peripheral retinectomy for age-related macular degeneration.

Journal Article Ophthalmology · January 2005 Featured Publication PURPOSE: To determine patients' quality of life (QOL) after macular translocation with 360 degrees peripheral retinectomy (MT360) for age-related macular degeneration. DESIGN: Prospective, interventional, consecutive, noncomparative case series. METHODS: A ... Full text Link to item Cite

Central corneal thickness and its relationship to intraocular pressure in children.

Journal Article Ophthalmology · December 2004 Featured Publication OBJECTIVE: Central corneal thickness (CCT) has emerged as an important predictive factor for the development of glaucomatous damage. Although a child's cornea reaches adult thickness by the age of 3, little has been reported about normal CCT measurements i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Aqueous shunt devices compared with trabeculectomy with Mitomycin-C for children in the first two years of life.

Journal Article Am J Ophthalmol · December 2003 PURPOSE: To compare the outcomes of children 24 months of age or younger treated with aqueous shunt devices or with mitomycin-C (MMC) trabeculectomy. DESIGN: Retrospective, age-matched, comparative case series. METHODS: Forty-six eyes of 32 patients with m ... Full text Link to item Cite

Parents' expectations regarding their children's eye care: interview results.

Journal Article Am J Ophthalmol · November 2003 Featured Publication PURPOSE: To determine a relevant set of concerns that parents express as expectations regarding their children's eye care. DESIGN: Qualitative, cross-sectional, pilot study. METHODS: A total of 48 interviews were conducted with parents of pediatric ophthal ... Full text Link to item Cite

Management of ocular torsion and diplopia after macular translocation for age-related macular degeneration: prospective clinical study.

Journal Article Am J Ophthalmol · October 2003 Featured Publication PURPOSE: To report the results of a prospective clinical series to evaluate the management of both torsion and diplopia in a large group of patients after full macular translocation (FMT) and extraocular muscle surgery. DESIGN: Prospective interventional c ... Full text Link to item Cite

Measurement of ocular torsion after macular translocation: disc fovea angle and Maddox rod.

Journal Article J AAPOS · April 2003 Featured Publication PURPOSE: To compare two methods of measuring ocular torsion (the subjective Maddox rod [MR] test versus the objective disc-fovea angle [DFA] test) after macular translocation surgery. METHODS: Ocular torsion was measured on consecutive patients after macul ... Full text Link to item Cite

Latanoprost for the treatment of pediatric glaucoma.

Journal Article Surv Ophthalmol · August 2002 Featured Publication Latanoprost is a prostaglandin F(2alpha) analog that reduces intraocular pressure (IOP) by 20-40% in adults with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. The efficacy and safety of latanoprost in children has not been widely reported, but there are at l ... Full text Link to item Cite

Strabismus surgery for large-angle cyclotorsion after macular translocation surgery.

Journal Article J AAPOS · June 2002 Featured Publication PURPOSE: We report the results of a new strabismus surgical procedure to address the large-angle cyclotorsion induced by macular translocation surgery for severe age-related macular degeneration. METHODS: The strabismus surgery described is a modification ... Full text Link to item Cite

Goniotomy for glaucoma secondary to chronic childhood uveitis.

Journal Article Am J Ophthalmol · May 2002 Featured Publication PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of standard goniotomy surgery for young patients with refractory glaucoma associated with chronic childhood uveitis. DESIGN: Interventional case series. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed all goniotomies perfo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Foveal hypoplasia in oculocutaneous albinism demonstrated by optical coherence tomography.

Journal Article Am J Ophthalmol · March 2002 PURPOSE: To document, in vivo, the foveal morphology and thickness in a patient with oculocutaneous albinism. METHODS: Observational case report. In a 10-year-old female with oculocutaneous albinism, multiple cross-sectional scans of the fovea were perform ... Full text Link to item Cite

Safety and efficacy of brimonidine in children with glaucoma.

Journal Article J AAPOS · October 2001 Featured Publication PURPOSE: Brimonidine is a relatively selective alpha-agonist, which reduces intraocular pressure (IOP) by decreasing aqueous production and increasing uveoscleral outflow. Brimonidine passes through the blood-brain barrier, potentially causing central nerv ... Full text Link to item Cite

Trabeculectomy with mitomycin-C in pediatric glaucomas.

Other Ophthalmology · May 2001 Featured Publication Full text Link to item Cite

Current practice patterns of surgical management for refractory pediatric glaucoma.

Conference INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE · March 15, 2001 Link to item Cite

Surgical Treatment of Incyclotorsion After Macular Translocation

Journal Article American Orthoptic Journal · January 2001 Full text Cite

Strabismus Associated with Glaucoma and Glaucoma Surgery

Journal Article American Orthoptic Journal · January 2001 Full text Cite

Macular translocation with 360-degree peripheral retinectomy impact of technique and surgical experience on visual outcomes.

Journal Article Retina · 2001 Featured Publication PURPOSE: To evaluate the impact of technique and surgical experience on complications and outcomes of macular translocation surgery with 360-degree peripheral retinectomy (MTS360). METHODS: Twenty-six consecutive patients underwent MTS360 in a prospective ... Full text Link to item Cite

Management of glaucoma in pregnancy and lactation.

Journal Article Surv Ophthalmol · 2001 A 30-year-old pregnant woman with glaucoma is presented. The management of her case is used as a basis for a discussion of the use of glaucoma medications, including newer formulations, during pregnancy and lactation. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Combined superior oblique muscle recession and inferior oblique muscle advancement and transposition for cyclotorsion associated with macular translocation surgery.

Journal Article J AAPOS · April 2000 Featured Publication PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of oblique muscle surgery on the large-angle incyclotorsion resulting from macular translocation surgery for severe age-related macular degeneration. METHODS: Patients undergoing macular transl ... Full text Link to item Cite

Does primary intraocular lens implantation prevent "aphakic" glaucoma in children?

Journal Article J AAPOS · February 2000 PURPOSE: Open-angle glaucoma may develop after surgery for congenital or developmental cataract with an incidence ranging from 3% to 41%. The pathogenesis of "aphakic" (open-angle) glaucoma remains unknown. Despite numerous reported clinical series (>1000 ... Full text Link to item Cite

A comparison of the rate of refractive growth in pediatric aphakic and pseudophakic eyes.

Journal Article Ophthalmology · January 2000 OBJECTIVE: To compare the rate of refractive growth in pseudophakic children's eyes to that of aphakic eyes. DESIGN: Multicenter, retrospective observational case series. PARTICIPANTS: 83 patients with pseudophakic eyes (100 eyes) and 74 patients with apha ... Full text Link to item Cite

Combined resection and recession of a single rectus muscle for the treatment of incomitant strabismus.

Journal Article J AAPOS · October 1999 Featured Publication BACKGROUND: The treatment of incomitant strabismus is challenging. Traditional approaches include the use of asymmetric bilateral surgery and the fadenoperation (posterior fixation suture). We report our experience with a different approach: combined resec ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mitomycin C-augumented trabeculectomy with postoperative wound modulation in pediatric glaucoma.

Journal Article J AAPOS · April 1999 Featured Publication PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate mitomycin C-augmented trabeculectomy combined with postoperative subconjunctival 5-fluorouracil and laser suture lysis in the treatment of refractory pediatric glaucoma. METHODS: Twenty-one consecutive cas ... Full text Link to item Cite

A novel inherited syndrome of early lens dislocation

Conference INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE · March 15, 1999 Link to item Cite

The effectiveness of latanoprost for the treatment of pediatric glaucoma.

Journal Article J AAPOS · February 1999 Featured Publication PURPOSE: Latanoprost is a prostaglandin F2alpha analogue that substantially reduces intraocular pressure (IOP) in adults with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. The efficacy and safety of latanoprost in children is unknown. We wished to evaluate l ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Ahmed valve in refractory pediatric glaucoma.

Journal Article Am J Ophthalmol · January 1999 Featured Publication PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of the Ahmed Glaucoma Valve implant in pediatric patients with refractory glaucoma. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was conducted of 27 eyes from 23 consecutive pediatric patients (younger than 18 years) with refract ... Full text Link to item Cite

Adaptation to torsion after macular translocation surgery

Conference TRANSACTIONS OF THE IX INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPTIC CONGRESS · January 1, 1999 Link to item Cite

Refractive changes after pediatric intraocular lens implantation.

Journal Article Am J Ophthalmol · December 1998 Featured Publication PURPOSE: To report refractive changes after cataract surgery and intraocular lens implantation in infants and children. METHODS: In an ongoing prospective study, the refractive errors of all patients younger than 18 years undergoing intraocular lens implan ... Full text Link to item Cite

Long-term outcome of cyclocryotherapy for refractory pediatric glaucoma.

Journal Article Ophthalmology · October 1998 Featured Publication OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the success rate and long-term outcome of cyclocryotherapy for refractory pediatric glaucoma. DESIGN: Retrospective interventional case series. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 64 eyes of 49 patients from 2 institutions with pediatric glauco ... Full text Link to item Cite

Use of latanoprost in the treatment of glaucoma associated with Sturge-Weber syndrome.

Journal Article Am J Ophthalmol · October 1998 PURPOSE: To determine if latanoprost reduces intraocular pressure in eyes with glaucoma associated with Sturge-Weber syndrome. METHODS: We conducted a prospective study in which eyes with uncontrolled intraocular pressure associated with Sturge-Weber syndr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Significance of isolated neovascular tufts ("popcorn") in retinopathy of prematurity.

Journal Article J AAPOS · February 1998 Featured Publication BACKGROUND: The significance of isolated neovascular tufts ("popcorn") occurring in association with stage 2 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) has not been studied. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical courses and outcomes of all patients with ... Full text Link to item Cite

Topical versus oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitor therapy for pediatric glaucoma.

Journal Article J AAPOS · February 1998 Featured Publication PURPOSE: Our purpose was to compare, in a crossover design,the hypotensive effect of oral acetazolamide (Diamox) and topical dorzolamide (Trusopt) in patients with pediatric glaucoma. METHODS: All patients less than 18 years old who were switched from acet ... Full text Link to item Cite

Internal sclerostomy with a mechanical trephine versus the neodymium:YAG laser in dogs.

Journal Article Ophthalmic Surg Lasers · March 1997 BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To experimentally compare and contrast the internal sclerostomy produced using a mechanical trephine with that made by an Nd:YAG laser, and to evaluate the healing patterns, efficacy, and technical advantages of each method. MATE ... Link to item Cite

Transscleral diode laser cyclophotocoagulation for refractory pediatric glaucomas.

Journal Article J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus · 1997 Featured Publication PURPOSE: To evaluate the success of contact transscleral cyclophotocoagulation (TDC) in patients with refractory pediatric glaucomas. METHODS: Twenty-six eyes of 20 patients with therapy-resistant pediatric glaucomas were included in this retrospective stu ... Full text Link to item Cite

Observer sensitivity to retinal vessel diameter and tortuosity in retinopathy of prematurity: a model system.

Journal Article J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus · 1996 Featured Publication BACKGROUND: Abnormally increased diameter and tortuosity of retinal blood vessels in the posterior pole, or "plus disease," is recognized as a powerful predictor of poor outcome in eyes with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Although the diagnosis of plus ... Full text Link to item Cite

Corneal coloboma, aphakia and retinal neovascularization with anterior segment dysgenesis (Peters' anomaly).

Journal Article Ophthalmologica · 1996 An infant with bilateral Peters' Anomaly, with corneal opacification in the right eye and an opacification with an axial defect in the left also had an associated hydrocephalus and cardiac anomalies that proved fatal; histopathology of the right eye showed ... Full text Link to item Cite

Clinical course and systemic correlates of retinopathy of prematurity in quintuplets.

Journal Article Am J Ophthalmol · May 1995 Featured Publication PURPOSE/METHODS: We studied clinical correlates of retinopathy of prematurity in four surviving quintuplets with similar low birth weights and gestational age of 27 weeks. Prospective serial ophthalmoscopic examinations and retrospective chart analysis wer ... Full text Link to item Cite

A NUMERIC INDEX SENSITIVE TO CHANGES IN-VESSEL TORTUOSITY THAT OCCUR IN ROP

Conference INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE · March 15, 1995 Link to item Cite

A numeric index based on spatial frequency for the tortuosity of retinal vessels and its application to plus disease in retinopathy of prematurity.

Journal Article Retina · 1995 Featured Publication BACKGROUND: In retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), tortuosity of vessels near the posterior pole of the fundus is an important clinical sign, yet clinicians have difficulty estimating how tortuous the vessels are. METHODS: The authors have devised an objecti ... Full text Link to item Cite

Growth inhibition of human Tenon's capsule fibroblasts and rabbit dermal fibroblasts with non-carcinogenic N-alkylated anthracyclines.

Journal Article Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol · June 1994 Bleb fibrosis after glaucoma filtering surgery and proliferative vitreoretinopathy after retinal detachment surgery are complications caused by proliferation of fibroblasts or fibroblastlike cells. The anthracycline daunomycin (DNM) has been used for treat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of ocular carteolol and timolol on plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level.

Journal Article Am J Ophthalmol · November 15, 1993 Featured Publication Fifty-eight healthy, normolipidemic adult men participated in a prospective, masked, randomized crossover study designed to compare the effects of two topical nonselective beta-adrenergic antagonists, carteolol and timolol, on plasma high-density lipoprote ... Full text Link to item Cite

TOPICAL BETA-BLOCKERS AND PLASMA-LIPIDS - CARTEOLOL VS TIMOLOL

Conference INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE · March 15, 1993 Link to item Cite

Pentoxifylline modulates deformability, F-actin content, and superoxide anion production of polymorphonuclear leukocytes from diabetic cats.

Journal Article Exp Eye Res · December 1992 Capillary occlusion is an early event in the development of diabetic retinopathy, and white blood cells have recently been shown to be involved. We have shown previously that pentoxifylline improves deformability and decreases F-actin content of unstimulat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Neurotologic manifestations of von Hippel Lindau disease.

Journal Article Ear Nose Throat J · December 1992 Von Hippel Lindau disease is a hereditary phakomatosis characterized by congenital angiomatosis of the retina and cerebellum. This autosomal dominant syndrome exhibits variable penetrance and expressivity. Because of the marked clinical variability and spo ... Link to item Cite

Enhanced superoxide radical production by stimulated polymorphonuclear leukocytes in a cat model of diabetes.

Journal Article Exp Eye Res · November 1992 This study examines the possibility that polymorphonuclear leukocyte activation, which can cause endothelial injury, may contribute to the capillary closure of diabetic retinopathy. To examine diabetes-related alterations in polymorphonuclear leukocyte act ... Full text Link to item Cite

Relapsing polychondritis.

Journal Article J La State Med Soc · April 1992 Relapsing polychondritis is a rare disease of unknown etiology. It is characterized by progressive episodic recurring inflammation and degeneration of cartilaginous structures. The inflammation typically involves the cartilage of the ear, nose, trachea, an ... Link to item Cite

PATIENT AGE AND WOUND-HEALING CAPACITY OF TENONS FIBROBLASTS INVITRO

Conference INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE · March 15, 1992 Link to item Cite

Alterations in endothelial superoxide dismutase levels as a function of growth state in vitro.

Journal Article Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci · January 1992 Damage to the retinal vasculature in retinopathy of prematurity is primarily at the level of the growing neovascular front. This clinical observation in combination with experimental observations that correlate the induction of superoxide dismutase (SOD) a ... Link to item Cite

Reinke's edema.

Journal Article J La State Med Soc · November 1990 Reinke's edema is a benign disorder of the larynx. This pathological condition involving a potential laryngeal space is most often seen in middle-aged smokers, and has a slight female predilection. The diagnosis, histopathology, and conservative as well as ... Link to item Cite

Caustic ingestion.

Journal Article J La State Med Soc · November 1989 Caustic ingestion is a serious medical problem affecting anywhere from 5,000 to 15,000 persons per year. The factors influencing the type and seriousness of the burn are numerous. Correct diagnosis using endoscopic technique is imperative in choosing the p ... Link to item Cite

Authors' reply

Journal Article Ophthalmology · January 1, 1989 Full text Cite

Intraocular neurilemmoma arising from the posterior ciliary nerve in neurofibromatosis. Pathologic findings.

Journal Article Ophthalmology · November 1988 A classic neurilemmoma was found in the eye of a 31-year-old man with known neurofibromatosis. The pathologic features of this rare intraocular tumor were examined histologically, immunohistochemically, and ultrastructurally. Contiguity of the neurilemmoma ... Full text Link to item Cite

Superoxide dismutase and catalase of calf trabecular meshwork.

Journal Article Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci · October 1985 Superoxide dismutase and catalase activities have been measured in cell-free extracts of calf trabecular meshwork, and for comparison, in calf iris, retina, lens, liver, and erythrocytes. Gel electrophoresis has been used to identify isozymes of each enzym ... Link to item Cite

Recycling of the asialoglycoprotein receptor and the effect of lysosomotropic amines in hepatoma cells.

Journal Article The Journal of cell biology · February 1, 1984 Receptor-mediated uptake and degradation of 125I-asialoorosomucoid (ASOR) in human hepatoma HepG2 cells is inhibited by the lysosomotropic amines chloroquine and primaquine. In the absence of added ligand at 37 degrees C, these amines induce a rapi ... Full text Cite

Synthesis and secretion of alkaline phosphatase in vitro from first-trimester and term human placentas

Journal Article Biochemical Journal · March 15, 1981 The synthesis and secretion of alkaline phosphatases in vitro by human placental tissue incubated in organ culture were studied. First-trimester placenta synthesizes and secretes two different alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes (heat-labile and heat-s ... Full text Cite