Scholars@Duke
Daniel Vallero

Daniel Vallero

Adjunct Professor in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Civil and Environmental Engineering
daniel.vallero@duke.edu
Box 90287, Durham, NC 27708-0287
121 Hudson Hall, Durham, NC

Selected Publications

A compartment model to predict in vitro finite dose absorption of chemicals by human skin.

Journal Article Chemosphere · February 2024 Dermal uptake is an important and complex exposure route for a wide range of chemicals. Dermal exposure can occur due to occupational settings, pharmaceutical applications, environmental contamination, or consumer product use. The large range of both chemi ... Full text Cite

Global warming: Governance and justice

Chapter · January 1, 2024 The manner in determining the severity of environmental problems is value-laden. The public need for action is tied to both objective, scientific facts, and the effectiveness of communicating those facts. The extent to which climate change is perceived to ... Full text Cite

An engineer's assessment on adapting to global warming and climate change

Chapter · January 1, 2024 Engineers’ major strength is applying scientific knowledge to identify problems and optimize solutions to their client's needs. The engineer's principal client is the public. The most pressing of society's challenges are protecting public health and the en ... Full text Cite

Fundamentals of Water Pollution: Quantifying Pollutant Formation, Transport, Transformation, Fate, and Risks

Book · January 1, 2024 Water Pollution Calculations: Quantifying Pollutant Formation, Transport, Transformation, Fate and Risks provides a comprehensive collection of relevant, real-world water pollution calculations. The book's author explains, in detail, how to measure and ass ... Full text Cite

Systematic Evidence Mapping of Potential Exposure Pathways for Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances Based on Measured Occurrence in Multiple Media.

Journal Article Environmental science & technology · April 2023 Given that human biomonitoring surveys show per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) to be ubiquitous, humans can be exposed to PFAS through various sources, including drinking water, food, and indoor environmental media. Data on the nature and level of ... Full text Cite

A Scoping Assessment of Implemented Toxicokinetic Models of Per- and Polyfluoro-Alkyl Substances, with a Focus on One-Compartment Models.

Journal Article Toxics · February 2023 Toxicokinetic (TK) models have been used for decades to estimate concentrations of per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in serum. However, model complexity has varied across studies depending on the application and the state of the science. This scopi ... Full text Cite

Computational estimates of daily aggregate exposure to PFOA/PFOS from 2011 to 2017 using a basic intake model.

Journal Article Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · January 2023 BackgroundHuman exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances has been modeled to estimate serum concentrations. Given that the production and use of these compounds have decreased in recent years, especially PFOA and PFOS, and that additional c ... Full text Cite

Air Pollution Calculations: Quantifying Pollutant Formation, Transport, Transformation, Fate and Risks, Second Edition

Book · January 1, 2023 Air Pollution Calculations: Quantifying Pollutant Formation, Transport, Transformation, Fate and Risks, Second Edition enhances the systems science aspects of air pollution, including transformation reactions in soil, water, sediment and biota that contrib ... Full text Cite

Unraveling Environmental Disasters

Book · January 1, 2023 Unraveling Environmental Disasters, Second Edition provides scientific explanations of the most threatening current and future environmental disasters, including an analysis of ways disasters could have been prevented and how to minimize risk of similar di ... Full text Cite

Environmental disasters

Chapter · January 1, 2023 Environmental disasters are events that cause harm to human health, ecosystems, and, often, both. Addressing and preventing environmental disasters requires attention to lessons learned from regarding risk assessment and management. This includes an unders ... Full text Cite

Exposure Prioritization (Ex Priori): A Screening-Level High-Throughput Chemical Prioritization Tool.

Journal Article Toxics · September 2022 To estimate potential chemical risk, tools are needed to prioritize potential exposures for chemicals with minimal data. Consumer product exposures are a key pathway, and variability in consumer use patterns is an important factor. We designed Ex Priori ... Full text Cite

Assessment of Non-Occupational 1,4-Dioxane Exposure Pathways from Drinking Water and Product Use.

Journal Article Environmental science & technology · April 2022 1,4-Dioxane is a persistent and mobile organic chemical that has been found by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) to be an unreasonable risk to human health in some occupational contexts. 1,4-Dioxane is released into the environment ... Full text Cite

Potential impacts of climate change on biogeochemical cycling

Chapter · January 1, 2022 Biogeochemistry considers the reservoirs and cycles of substances within and among the earth’s spheres, including the lithosphere, atmosphere, biosphere, and hydrosphere. Biogeochemical cycling of global greenhouse gases is ongoing and continuous, which me ... Full text Cite

Water quality engineering: physical, chemical, and biological treatment for a sustainable future

Chapter · January 1, 2022 This chapter explains the processes that diminish water quality and the means by which water may be treated to improve its quality. This includes both treating water that has been polluted by human activities, as well as treating water to ensure that it me ... Full text Cite

Emerging water pollutants

Chapter · January 1, 2022 This chapter addresses chemicals and biological agents that may become sources of public health and environmental problems. Examples include drinking water candidate contaminants, such as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances. ... Full text Cite

9.18 - Environmental Engineering Aspects of Renewable Energy

Chapter · January 1, 2022 Engineering and design are integral to every form of energy production and usage. This article considers various roles from concept to end-of-process stages from the standpoints of risk, reliability and resilience. ... Full text Cite

9.02 - Introduction to Environmental Aspects of Renewable Energy

Chapter · January 1, 2022 There are three basic reasons to search for improvements to energy and production and usage: ethics; economics; and the environment. This article focuses on the third. Increasing renewable and more sustainable energy sources can prevent pollution and envir ... Full text Cite

The residential population generator (RPGen): Parameterization of residential, demographic, and physiological data to model intraindividual exposure, dose, and risk

Journal Article Toxics · November 1, 2021 Exposure to chemicals is influenced by associations between the individual’s location and activities as well as demographic and physiological characteristics. Currently, many exposure models simulate individuals by drawing distributions from population-lev ... Full text Cite

Mapping Exposure onto Nanoscale Toxicity Measures

Chapter · January 1, 2021 Risk assessment consists of investigations of both the hazard of an agent and the likelihood that the agent will come into contact with a human or other target organism. This chapter introduces exposure assessment as it applies to predicted exposure concen ... Full text Cite

Engineering aspects of climate change

Chapter · January 1, 2021 The world’s engineers will play key roles in preparing for and addressing many of the potential problems posed by climate change in the decades ahead. Engineers from every discipline must apply the physical and biological sciences in innovative ways, inclu ... Full text Cite

Societal adaptation to climate change

Chapter · January 1, 2021 Human societies have adapted to environmental changes throughout their existence. Indeed, humans have combined adaptation and control to survive. If the environmental changes are insurmountable, humans adapt by migration or they remain in the same area and ... Full text Cite

Environmental Systems Science: Theory and Practical Applications

Book · January 1, 2021 Environmental Systems Science: Theory and Practical Applications looks at pollution and environmental quality from a systems perspective. Credible human and ecological risk estimation and prediction methods are described, including life cycle assessment, f ... Full text Cite

Hazardous Waste Management: An Overview of Advanced and Cost-Effective Solutions

Book · January 1, 2021 Hazardous Waste Management: An Overview of Advanced and Cost-Effective Solutions includes the latest practical knowledge and theoretical concepts for the treatment of hazardous wastes. The book covers five major themes, namely, ecological impact, waste man ... Full text Cite

An introduction to hazardous waste engineering

Chapter · January 1, 2021 This chapter explores hazardous wastes with a particular focus on characterizing the hazard as well as ways to reduce the potential for exposure and risk. Hazardous waste engineering must be systematic and adaptive. Thus, engineering solutions must reduce ... Full text Cite

Hazardous waste bioremediation

Chapter · January 1, 2021 This chapter explores the various methods to remediate and reduce the volume of hazardous wastes using biology. It includes a discussion of the physical, chemical, and biological principles that are at work when an organism metabolizes the chemical compoun ... Full text Cite

Hazardous waste management in developing countries: Current status and potential trends

Chapter · January 1, 2021 Many nations are undergoing rapid rates of economic and industrial development, which is introducing widespread threats to the environment and public health, including risks associated with the expansive amounts of hazardous waste. This calls for a compreh ... Full text Cite

Hazardous wastes and the environment

Chapter · January 1, 2021 This chapter considers how hazardous wastes can adversely affect the environment. Public health and ecosystems are threatened when the constituents of hazardous wastes are released into the environment. The chapter describes the science that underpins envi ... Full text Cite

Applications and Implications of Emerging Biotechnologies in Environmental Engineering

Journal Article Journal of Environmental Engineering (United States) · June 1, 2020 Adopting and adapting emerging biotechnologies presents promise and challenges to the environmental engineer. Emerging biotreatment technologies that employ synthetic biology approaches, genetic engineering, and nanotechnologies present unique risk, reliab ... Full text Cite

Enhancing life cycle chemical exposure assessment through ontology modeling.

Journal Article The Science of the total environment · April 2020 In its 2014 report, A Framework Guide for the Selection of Chemical Alternatives, the National Academy of Sciences placed increased emphasis on comparative exposure assessment throughout the life cycle (i.e., from manufacturing to end-of-life) of a chemica ... Full text Cite

Advances on a Decision Analytic Approach to Exposure-Based Chemical Prioritization.

Journal Article Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis · January 2020 The volume and variety of manufactured chemicals is increasing, although little is known about the risks associated with the frequency and extent of human exposure to most chemicals. The EPA and the recent signing of the Lautenberg Act have both signaled t ... Full text Cite

Refinement of sampling and analysis techniques for asbestos in Soil

Journal Article Environmental and Engineering Geoscience · January 1, 2020 Measuring the concentrations of asbestos in contaminated soils is challenging. Data are often highly variable. Variability in soil measurements has led to limitations in comparing results from sites nationally and difficulties in reproducing results, even ... Full text Cite

Energy and the environment

Chapter · January 1, 2020 This chapter provides an overview of the life cycles of the various systems that produce and transport energy and the damage incurred by the various stages, from extraction to disposal. All energy production causes insults to the environment, differing amo ... Full text Cite

Integrating exposure to chemicals in building materials during use stage.

Journal Article The international journal of life cycle assessment · June 2019 PurposeThere do not currently exist scientifically defensible ways to consistently characterize the human exposures (via various pathways) to near-field chemical emissions and associated health impacts during the use stage of building materials. T ... Full text Cite

New approach methodologies for exposure science

Journal Article Current Opinion in Toxicology · June 1, 2019 Chemical risk assessment relies on knowledge of hazard, the dose–response relationship, and exposure to characterize potential risks to public health and the environment. A chemical with minimal toxicity might pose a risk if exposures are extensive, repeat ... Full text Cite

Air pollution calculations: Quantifying pollutant formation, transport, transformation, fate and risks

Book · January 1, 2019 Air Pollution Calculations introduces the equations and formulae that are most important to air pollution, but goes a step further. Most texts lack examples of how these equations and formulae apply to the quantification of real-world scenarios and conditi ... Full text Cite

Coal Waste Streams

Chapter · January 1, 2019 This chapter considers the challenges for managers and engineers in addressing the wastes generated from coal-fired power plants. The wastes are produced at every stage, from mining and burning the coal, to dealing with ash and other wastes generated by th ... Full text Cite

Air Pollution: Atmospheric Wastes

Chapter · January 1, 2019 Waste management actions can impact air quality whenever they result in emissions. This chapter discusses the various types of air pollution and their effects on air quality. The waste manager usually plans and operates at local and urban scales, but the i ... Full text Cite

Waste Constituent Pathways

Chapter · January 1, 2019 Personal care products, pharmaceuticals, and other substances contain pollutants or precursors of pollutants that can harm public health and ecosystems. Waste constituents change in space and time. These substances follow pathways that can transport and tr ... Full text Cite

Preface

Book · January 1, 2019 Full text Cite

Effect of Waste on Ecosystems

Chapter · January 1, 2019 Waste systems produce physical, chemical, and biological stressors that may harm ecosystems. The harm can be manifested in many ways, including loss or diminished quality of habitats, reduced integrity, decreased biodiversity, and changes in resilience. Th ... Full text Cite

Waste Collection

Chapter · January 1, 2019 Municipal solid waste must be collected in efficient and environmentally sound ways. This chapter describes the waste materials that are collected, the collection systems that are typically used, and the types of vehicles and other equipment used. Vehicle ... Full text Cite

Wastewater

Chapter · January 1, 2019 The waste manager needs to understand wastewater’s characteristics and how it can be treated. Wastewater is similar to solid waste, differing mainly by the former’s higher water content. This chapter discusses the physical, chemical, and biological process ... Full text Cite

Regulation of Wastes

Chapter · January 1, 2019 Waste must be handled by every level of government, either directly as a government service or indirectly regulated by a governmental agency. Statutes are passed by legislative bodies, from which executive agencies prepare and enforce regulations. In its b ... Full text Cite

Evaluating the Feasibility of Public Projects

Chapter · January 1, 2019 Best waste management practice requires that projects be evaluated for both scientific credibility and economic feasibility. Waste management often relies on public projects. This chapter applies engineering economics to this evaluation, including techniqu ... Full text Cite

Hazardous Wastes

Chapter · January 1, 2019 Solid waste can be classified as hazardous if it consists of sufficient quantities of inherently harmful substances. Special scientific and engineering considerations must be given to a hazardous waste. This chapter explores the various kinds of hazardous ... Full text Cite

Waste: A Handbook for Management

Book · January 1, 2019 Waste: A Handbook for Management, Second Edition, provides information on a wide range of hot topics and developing areas, such as hydraulic fracturing, microplastics, waste management in developing countries, and waste-exposure-outcome pathways. Beginning ... Full text Cite

Waste and Biogeochemical Cycling

Chapter · January 1, 2019 Waste management requires an understanding of how matter and energy move and change within the environment. This chapter discusses the cycles of water, carbon, nitrogen, and other substances in terms of the biological, chemical, and physical processes and ... Full text Cite

Thermal Pollution

Chapter · January 1, 2019 Heat is important as both a pollutant and as a factor in the formation of pollutants. Waste management must account for heat in decisions involving the design and operation of facilities, location of outfalls and stacks, and the potential cumulative effect ... Full text Cite

Waste Governance

Chapter · January 1, 2019 Waste management is one of the most important responsibilities of governments, especially local jurisdictions. Sound governance involves collaborations with the private sector and public agencies at various levels. This chapter discusses governmental appro ... Full text Cite

Introduction to Waste Management

Chapter · January 1, 2019 From the beginning of civilization, humans have had to manage wastes. This chapter follows the practices through time, with a particular interest in how the scale and complexity of waste management processes have changed in modern times. ... Full text Cite

Land Pollution

Chapter · January 1, 2019 This chapter addresses waste management from the perspective of land; how it is contaminated and how it can be remediated, restored, and protected. This includes discussions of how wastes may enter and contaminate land via point and nonpoint pollution. Env ... Full text Cite

A Systems Approach to Waste Management

Chapter · January 1, 2019 This chapter approaches the challenges of waste management from a multidisciplinary, systems perspective. One of the key considerations is the importance of prevention and waste reduction, compared to simply receiving and treating wastes. Life cycle assess ... Full text Cite

Oil and Gas Exploration and Production Wastes

Chapter · January 1, 2019 Fossil fuels continue to be used in massive quantities. Wastes generated from crude oil and natural gas exploration and production (E&P wastes) can devastate the environment if not handled properly. The problem grew throughout the 20th century, with a more ... Full text Cite

Mine Waste: A Brief Overview of Origins, Quantities, and Methods of Storage

Chapter · January 1, 2019 Mine wastes and their environmentally acceptable storage constitute the largest waste problem on the planet. Mine wastes have been accumulating for thousands of years, and their rate of production has accelerated in step with increases of the human populat ... Full text Cite

Waste Management Accountability: Risk, Reliability, and Resilience

Chapter · January 1, 2019 Risk, in several of its connotations, is used as a measure of success or failure in waste management. This chapter explores the relationship between risk reduction and reliability of the systems used to handle wastes. These systems must be effective under ... Full text Cite

The Municipal Landfill

Chapter · January 1, 2019 The engineered landfill is a great improvement over previous methods of solid waste disposal, especially of open dumps. The municipal landfill is a commonly preferred method for addressing the ever-increasing amount of wastes, even in sparsely populated co ... Full text Cite

Advancements in Life Cycle Human Exposure and Toxicity Characterization.

Journal Article Environmental health perspectives · December 2018 BackgroundThe Life Cycle Initiative, hosted at the United Nations Environment Programme, selected human toxicity impacts from exposure to chemical substances as an impact category that requires global guidance to overcome current assessment challe ... Full text Cite

Function-Based Resilience: Improving Performance Through Adaptive Management

Conference Proceedings - Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium · September 11, 2018 Adaptive management through performance measurement is essential for all resilient systems. The authors maintain that the application of resilience objectives aligned with primary functions is the preferred technique for design, evaluation, and performance ... Full text Cite

Comparative, collaborative, and integrative risk governance for emerging technologies.

Journal Article Environment systems & decisions · May 2018 Various emerging technologies challenge existing governance processes to identify, assess, and manage risk. Though the existing risk-based paradigm has been essential for assessment of many chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear technologies, a co ... Full text Cite

Air

Chapter · 2018 Full text Cite

Stressors

Chapter · 2018 Full text Cite

Water

Chapter · 2018 Full text Cite

Pathways

Chapter · 2018 Full text Cite

Evaluating risk: A revisit of the scales, measurement theory, and statistical analysis controversy

Conference Proceedings - Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium · March 29, 2017 The risk management community has had a limited focus on the scales-measurement theory and typically applies all forms of parametric analysis on ordinal data. In many cases the resulting conclusions that are developed are flawed and misleading. Risk profes ... Full text Cite

Comparison of soil sampling and analytical methods for asbestos at the Sumas Mountain Asbestos Site-Working towards a toolbox for better assessment.

Journal Article PloS one · January 2017 Established soil sampling methods for asbestos are inadequate to support risk assessment and risk-based decision making at Superfund sites due to difficulties in detecting asbestos at low concentrations and difficulty in extrapolating soil concentrations t ... Full text Cite

Translating diverse environmental data into reliable information: How to coordinate evidence from different sources

Book · January 1, 2017 Translating Diverse Environmental Data into Reliable Information: How to Coordinate Evidence from Different Sources is a resource for building environmental knowledge, particularly in the era of Big Data. Environmental scientists, engineers, educators and ... Full text Cite

Conceptual Framework To Extend Life Cycle Assessment Using Near-Field Human Exposure Modeling and High-Throughput Tools for Chemicals.

Journal Article Environmental science & technology · November 2016 Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a decision-making tool that accounts for multiple impacts across the life cycle of a product or service. This paper presents a conceptual framework to integrate human health impact assessment with risk screening approaches to ... Full text Cite

Air Pollution Control and Waste Management

Journal Article Process Safety and Environmental Protection · May 1, 2016 Full text Cite

Episodic Impacts from California Wildfires Identified in Las Vegas Near-Road Air Quality Monitoring.

Journal Article Environmental science & technology · January 2016 Air pollutant concentrations near major highways are usually attributed to a combination of nearby traffic emissions and regional background, and generally presumed to be additive in nature. During a near-road measurement study conducted in Las Vegas, NV, ... Full text Cite

Air pollution monitoring changes to accompany the transition from a control to a systems focus

Journal Article Sustainability (Switzerland) · January 1, 2016 During the 20th century, air pollution control technologies grew at an amazingly rapid rate. Air quality in much of the industrialized world greatly improved as the efficiencies of these technologies improved. This continued improvement in pollution contro ... Full text Cite

Societal Adaptation to Climate Change

Chapter · January 1, 2016 Human societies have adapted to environmental changes throughout their existence. Indeed, humans have combined adaptation and control to survive. If the environmental changes are insurmountable, humans adapt by migration, or if they remain in the same area ... Full text Cite

Engineering Aspects of Climate Change

Chapter · January 1, 2016 Many of the potential problems posed by climate change will be addressed, at least in part, by the engineering community. Engineers from every discipline must apply the physical and biological sciences in innovative ways, including the prevention and contr ... Full text Cite

Environmental Biotechnology: A Biosystems Approach: Second Edition

Book · January 1, 2015 Environmental Biotechnology: A Biosystems Approach, Second Edition presents valuable information on how biotechnology has acted as a vital buffer among people, pollution, and the environment. It answers the most important questions on the topic, including ... Cite

Viewpoint: closing the exposure gap.

Journal Article Environmental science & technology · December 2014 Full text Cite

SHEDS-HT: an integrated probabilistic exposure model for prioritizing exposures to chemicals with near-field and dietary sources.

Journal Article Environmental science & technology · November 2014 United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) researchers are developing a strategy for high-throughput (HT) exposure-based prioritization of chemicals under the ExpoCast program. These novel modeling approaches for evaluating chemicals based on th ... Full text Cite

Simulating real-world exposures during emergency events: studying effects of indoor and outdoor releases in the Urban Dispersion Program in upper Manhattan, NY.

Journal Article Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · May 2014 A prospective personal exposure study, involving indoor and outdoor releases, was conducted in upper Midtown Manhattan in New York City as part of the Urban Dispersion Program (UDP) focusing on atmospheric dispersion of chemicals in complex urban settings. ... Full text Cite

Development of a consumer product ingredient database for chemical exposure screening and prioritization.

Journal Article Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association · March 2014 Consumer products are a primary source of chemical exposures, yet little structured information is available on the chemical ingredients of these products and the concentrations at which ingredients are present. To address this data gap, we created a datab ... Full text Cite

Fundamentals of air pollution, fifth edition

Book · January 1, 2014 Fundamentals of Air Pollution is an important and widely used textbook in the environmental science and engineering community. This thoroughly revised fifth edition of Fundamentals of Air Pollution has been updated throughout and remains the most complete ... Full text Cite

High-throughput models for exposure-based chemical prioritization in the ExpoCast project.

Journal Article Environmental science & technology · August 2013 The United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) must characterize potential risks to human health and the environment associated with manufacture and use of thousands of chemicals. High-throughput screening (HTS) for biological activity allows ... Full text Cite

Comparison of modeling approaches to prioritize chemicals based on estimates of exposure and exposure potential.

Journal Article The Science of the total environment · August 2013 While only limited data are available to characterize the potential toxicity of over 8 million commercially available chemical substances, there is even less information available on the exposure and use-scenarios that are required to link potential toxici ... Full text Cite

Statistical properties of longitudinal time-activity data for use in human exposure modeling.

Journal Article Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · May 2013 Understanding the longitudinal properties of the time spent in different locations and activities is important in characterizing human exposure to pollutants. The results of a four-season longitudinal time-activity diary study in eight working adults are p ... Full text Cite

Long-term continuous measurement of near-road air pollution in Las Vegas: Seasonal variability in traffic emissions impact on local air quality

Journal Article Air Quality, Atmosphere and Health · March 1, 2013 Excess air pollution along roadways is an issue of public health concern to Federal, State, and local government environmental agencies and the public. This concern was the motivation for a long-term study to measure levels of air pollutants at various dis ... Full text Cite

Environmental Impacts of Energy Production, Distribution and Transport

Chapter · January 1, 2013 This chapter provides an overview of the life cycles of energy systems and the damage incurred by the various stages, from extraction to disposal. All energy production causes insults to the environment, a differing amount and type of pollution. Future dec ... Full text Cite

Unraveling Environmental Disasters

Book · January 1, 2013 Unraveling Environmental Disasters provides scientific explanations of the most threatening current and future environmental disasters, including an analysis of ways that the disaster could have been prevented and how the risk of similar disasters can be m ... Full text Cite

Minerals

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Invasions

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Climate

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Products

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Recalcitrance

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Society

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Plumes

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Future

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Nature

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Explosions

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Unsustainability

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Failure

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Radiation

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Spills

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Science

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Leaks

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Fires

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A decision analytic approach to exposure-based chemical prioritization.

Journal Article PloS one · January 2013 The manufacture of novel synthetic chemicals has increased in volume and variety, but often the environmental and health risks are not fully understood in terms of toxicity and, in particular, exposure. While efforts to assess risks have generally been eff ... Full text Cite

Unraveling Environmental Disasters

Book · December 31, 2012 Unraveling Environmental Disasters provides scientific explanations of the most threatening current and future environmental disasters, including an analysis of ways that the disaster could have been prevented and how the risk of similar ... ... Link to item Cite

Unraveling Environmental Disasters

Book · January 1, 2012 Unraveling Environmental Disasters provides scientific explanations of the most threatening current and future environmental disasters, including an analysis of ways that the disaster could have been prevented and how the risk of similar disasters can be m ... Cite

Toward a blended ontology: applying knowledge systems to compare therapeutic and toxicological nanoscale domains.

Journal Article Journal of biomedicine & biotechnology · January 2012 Bionanomedicine and environmental research share need common terms and ontologies. This study applied knowledge systems, data mining, and bibliometrics used in nano-scale ADME research from 1991 to 2011. The prominence of nano-ADME in environmental researc ... Full text Cite

Geoengineering: An Idea Whose Time Has Come?

Journal Article Journal of earth science & climatic change · December 2011 Some engineers and scientists recently have suggested that it would be prudent to consider engaging in geoengineering to mitigate global warming. Geoengineering differs from other methods for mitigating global warming because it involves a deliberate effor ... Cite

Green Engineering and Sustainable Design Aspects of Waste Management

Chapter · December 1, 2011 Traditionally, addressing wastes has often been a matter of reacting to problems as they arose individually in a situationally dependent way. However, the processes that lead to waste can be viewed much more proactively and systematically, with the focus n ... Full text Cite

Exposure-based prioritization of chemicals for risk assessment

Journal Article Environmental Science and Policy · December 1, 2011 Manufactured chemicals are used extensively to produce a wide variety of consumer goods and are required by important industrial sectors. Presently, information is insufficient to estimate risks posed to human health and the environment from the over ten t ... Full text Cite

Regulation of Wastes

Chapter · December 1, 2011 Environmental problems faced today differ from those of most of the Earth's history in both kind and degree. Society and its elected and appointed delegates increasingly respond to waste-related problems by writing and enforcing laws. The number of laws en ... Full text Cite

Thermal Waste Treatment

Chapter · December 1, 2011 This chapter addresses the benefits and drawbacks of various thermal destruction and removal technologies. Chemical reactions at elevated temperatures can yield products that are either good or bad from an environmental perspective. This chapter focuses on ... Full text Cite

Hazardous Wastes

Chapter · December 1, 2011 The hazardous attributes of the waste are usually based on its inherent physicochemical properties, including its likelihood to ignite, explode, and react with water. The hazardous inherent properties of a waste can also be biological, such as the infectio ... Full text Cite

Thermal Pollution

Chapter · December 1, 2011 Organisms and ecosystems survive within a finite range of environmental conditions. One of the key factors in these conditions is the temperature range. From a waste management perspective, heat is both a friend and foe. When properly designed and operated ... Full text Cite

Air Pollution: Atmospheric Wastes

Chapter · December 1, 2011 Air pollution is the presence of contaminants or substances in the air that interfere with human health or welfare, or produce other harmful environmental effects. This chapter focuses on the waste streams that affect the atmosphere. The predominant concer ... Full text Cite

Risk Assessment, Management, and Accountability

Chapter · December 1, 2011 Risk is a common metric for waste management. Societal expectations of acceptable risk are mandated by the standards and specifications of certifying authorities. Articulating the hazard (the agent of harm) is matched against the ways that people or other ... Full text Cite

Land Pollution

Chapter · December 1, 2011 This chapter focuses on how land can be harmed by human activities, such as construction, agriculture, and transportation. These and other human activities lead to the release of chemical contaminants, but they also result in landscape damage, such as soil ... Full text Cite

Biomedical Ethics for Engineers

Book · April 1, 2011 This book discusses the full suite of emerging biomedical and environmental issues that must be addressed by engineers and scientists within a global and societal context. ... Cite

Waste

Book · February 8, 2011 The scientist, engineer and consumer each define waste correctly, yet differently. The overriding challenge for the authors was to provide some uniformity, yet allow for the diversity of the various aspects of waste in this handbook. ... Cite

Waste: A Handbook for Management

Book · January 1, 2011 Waste: A Handbook for Management gives the broadest, most complete coverage of waste in our society. The book examines a wide range of waste streams, including: Household waste (compostable material, paper, glass, textiles, household chemicals, plastic, wa ... Full text Cite

Hazardous Wastes

Chapter · January 1, 2011 The hazardous attributes of the waste are usually based on its inherent physicochemical properties, including its likelihood to ignite, explode, and react with water. The hazardous inherent properties of a waste can also be biological, such as the infectio ... Full text Cite

Green Engineering and Sustainable Design Aspects of Waste Management

Chapter · January 1, 2011 Traditionally, addressing wastes has often been a matter of reacting to problems as they arose individually in a situationally dependent way. However, the processes that lead to waste can be viewed much more proactively and systematically, with the focus n ... Full text Cite

Thermal Pollution

Chapter · January 1, 2011 Organisms and ecosystems survive within a finite range of environmental conditions. One of the key factors in these conditions is the temperature range. From a waste management perspective, heat is both a friend and foe. When properly designed and operated ... Full text Cite

Thermal Waste Treatment

Chapter · January 1, 2011 This chapter addresses the benefits and drawbacks of various thermal destruction and removal technologies. Chemical reactions at elevated temperatures can yield products that are either good or bad from an environmental perspective. This chapter focuses on ... Full text Cite

Regulation of Wastes

Chapter · January 1, 2011 Environmental problems faced today differ from those of most of the Earth's history in both kind and degree. Society and its elected and appointed delegates increasingly respond to waste-related problems by writing and enforcing laws. The number of laws en ... Full text Cite

Land Pollution

Chapter · January 1, 2011 This chapter focuses on how land can be harmed by human activities, such as construction, agriculture, and transportation. These and other human activities lead to the release of chemical contaminants, but they also result in landscape damage, such as soil ... Full text Cite

Risk Assessment, Management, and Accountability

Chapter · January 1, 2011 Risk is a common metric for waste management. Societal expectations of acceptable risk are mandated by the standards and specifications of certifying authorities. Articulating the hazard (the agent of harm) is matched against the ways that people or other ... Full text Cite

Air Pollution: Atmospheric Wastes

Chapter · January 1, 2011 Air pollution is the presence of contaminants or substances in the air that interfere with human health or welfare, or produce other harmful environmental effects. This chapter focuses on the waste streams that affect the atmosphere. The predominant concer ... Full text Cite

Air pollutant retention within a complex of urban street canyons

Journal Article Atmospheric Environment · January 1, 2011 Epidemiological studies of health effects associated with ambient air pollution are subject to uncertainty in the effects estimates related to the spatial and temporal variability of ambient air pollution. This study examines meteorological and concentrati ... Full text Cite

Enhanced, multi criteria based site selection to measure mobile source toxic air pollutants

Journal Article Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment · January 1, 2011 A multi-criteria-based site selection process that was developed for the Las Vegas near-road study is used to select the most appropriate near-road measurement sites in the Detroit area. The study measures particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters ≤2.5 ... Full text Cite

Characterization and variability of pollutant concentrations for the Las Vegas implementation of the national near-road mobile source air toxics study

Conference Proceedings of the Air and Waste Management Association's Annual Conference and Exhibition, AWMA · December 1, 2010 A summary of a field study conducted in Las Vegas, NV, from middle of December 2008 through middle of December 2009 is presented to determine criteria pollutant concentrations and variations in concentrations as a function of distance from the highway and ... Cite

The national near-road mobile source air toxics study: Las Vegas

Conference Proceedings of the Air and Waste Management Association's Annual Conference and Exhibition, AWMA · December 1, 2010 The site selection process and project implementation activity in Las Vegas, NV, is presented for a field conducted in Las Vegas, NV, from middle of December 2008 through middle of December 2009. PM2.5 and MSAT concentrations and variations in concentratio ... Cite

Modeling and Predicting Pesticide Exposures

Chapter · December 1, 2010 Models provide a means for representing a real system in an understandable way. Conceptual models help to identify the major influences on where a chemical is likely to be found in the environment, and as such, need to be developed to help target sources o ... Full text Cite

Environmental Contaminants

Book · August 5, 2010 This book serves as a tool for environmental professionals to produce technically sound and reproducible scientific evidence. ... Cite

Environmental Biotechnology

Book · June 7, 2010 This book addresses the questions of how and why knowledge and understanding of the physical, chemical, and biological principles of the environment must be achieved for the effective development of biotechnology applications. ... Cite

Environmental biotechnology: A biosystems approach

Book · March 19, 2010 Environmental Biotechnology: A Biosystems Approach introduces a systems approach to environmental biotechnology and its applications to a range of environmental problems. A systems approach requires a basic understanding of four disciplines: environmental ... Full text Cite

Modeling and Predicting Pesticide Exposures

Chapter · January 1, 2010 Models provide a means for representing a real system in an understandable way. Conceptual models help to identify the major influences on where a chemical is likely to be found in the environment, and as such, need to be developed to help target sources o ... Full text Cite

Cancer Slope Factors

Chapter · 2010 Cite

PREFACE

Chapter · 2010 Full text Cite

Systems

Chapter · 2010 Full text Cite

Air pollutant retention within a complex of urban street canyons

Journal Article Atmospheric Environment · 2010 Cite

The national near-road mobile source air toxics study

Conference Proceedings of the Air and Waste Management Association's Annual Conference and Exhibition, AWMA · December 1, 2009 The National Near-Road Mobile Source Air Toxics Study was designed to evaluate short-term effects of traffic emissions and meteorology on air quality. Mobile source air toxics (MSAT) of interest to this project are 1,3-butadiene, benzene, acrolein, acetald ... Cite

Integration of gas chromatographs into federal highway administration (FHWA)/environmental protection agency near road MSAT study in Las Vegas, NV

Conference Proceedings of the Air and Waste Management Association's Annual Conference and Exhibition, AWMA · December 1, 2009 The technical evaluation of a semi-continuous GC is presented to measure benzene and 1,3-butadiene in the near road environment. Some of the non-technical implications associated with the operation of a GC are also presented. The GC should be used to enhan ... Cite

Selecting appropriate analytical methods to characterize asbestos in various media

Journal Article Practice Periodical of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste Management · October 2, 2009 Methods for the measurement and analysis of asbestos and other fibers in air, water, dust, and bulk materials vary by type of scenario and according to applicable laws and rules. Two surveys and a focus group were used to identify the most important inform ... Full text Cite

Reconstructing population exposures to environmental chemicals from biomarkers: challenges and opportunities.

Journal Article Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · February 2009 A conceptual/computational framework for exposure reconstruction from biomarker data combined with auxiliary exposure-related data is presented, evaluated with example applications, and examined in the context of future needs and opportunities. This framew ... Full text Cite

Modeling toxic compounds from nitric oxide emission measurements

Journal Article Atmospheric Environment · January 1, 2009 Determining the amount and rate of degradation of toxic pollutants in soil and groundwater is difficult and often requires invasive techniques, such as deploying extensive monitoring well networks. Even with these networks, degradation rates across entire ... Full text Cite

Efficiency of sampling and analysis of asbestos fibers on filter media: implications for exposure assessment.

Journal Article Journal of occupational and environmental hygiene · January 2009 To measure airborne asbestos and other fibers, an air sample must represent the actual number and size of fibers. Typically, mixed cellulose ester (MCE, 0.45 or 0.8 microm pore size) and, to a much lesser extent, capillary-pore polycarbonate (PC, 0.4 micro ... Full text Cite

Biomedical engineering desk reference

Book · 2009 A one-stop Desk Reference, for Biomedical Engineers involved in the ever expanding and very fast moving area; this is a book that will not gather dust on the shelf. ... Cite

ISEA2007 panel: integration of better exposure characterizations into disaster preparedness for responders and the public.

Journal Article Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · November 2008 An expert panel was convened in October 2007 at the International Society for Exposure Analysis Annual Meeting in Durham, NC, entitled "The Path Forward in Disaster Preparedness Since WTC-Exposure Characterization and Mitigation: Substantial Unfinished Bus ... Full text Cite

Response to "μg/kg-day or μg/day? A commentary on Georgopoulos et al., JESEE 2008"

Journal Article Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology · November 1, 2008 Full text Cite

Macroethics and engineering leadership

Journal Article Leadership and Management in Engineering · October 6, 2008 Engineering leadership must consider macroethics; those issues important to society at large. The downstream effects of design decisions must be considered a priori to ensure that future infrastructures are sustainable. Decision-making tools are available ... Full text Cite

Sustainable Design

Book · April 25, 2008 Scientific Principles to Guide Sustainable Design Decisions From thermodynamics to fluid dynamics to computational chemistry, this book sets forth the scientific principles underlying the need for sustainable design, explaining not just the ... ... Cite

Sustainable Design: The Science of Sustainability and Green Engineering

Book · April 15, 2008 Scientific Principles to Guide Sustainable Design Decisions From thermodynamics to fluid dynamics to computational chemistry, this book sets forth the scientific principles underlying the need for sustainable design, explaining not just the "hows" of susta ... Full text Cite

Beyond responsible conduct in research: New pedagogies to address macroethics of nanobiotechnologies

Journal Article Journal of Long-Term Effects of Medical Implants · March 2008 A team of engineers, scientists, ethicists, and educational specialists are enhancing Duke University’s Responsible Conduct of Research (RCR) program to ensure that graduate-level researchers in emerging fields are adequately prepared when confronted with ... Cite

Emission Standards

Chapter · 2008 Cite

Indoor Air Quality

Chapter · 2008 Cite

Ambient Air Sampling

Chapter · 2008 Cite

Air Quality

Chapter · 2008 Cite

The Earth's Atmosphere

Chapter · 2008 Cite

Air Pollution Physics

Chapter · 2008 Cite

Multi-criteria decision analysis for the selection of a near road ambient air monitoring site for the measurement of mobile source air toxics

Journal Article Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment · January 1, 2008 In 2002, the Sierra Club legally challenged the US Federal Highway Administration and the Nevada Department of Transportation's National Environmental Policy Act environmental document related to the proposed widening of US 95 in Las Vegas, Nevada, includi ... Full text Cite

Fundamentals of Air Pollution

Book · October 1, 2007 Surprisingly, the text has remained relevant for university professors, engineers, scientists, policy makers and students up to recent years. ... Cite

Biomedical ethics for engineers: Ethics and decision making in biomedical and biosystem engineering

Book · March 30, 2007 Biomedical Ethics for Engineers provides biomedical engineers with a new set of tools and an understanding that the application of ethical measures will seldom reach consensus even among fellow engineers and scientists. The solutions are never completely t ... Full text Cite

Socially Responsible Engineering: Justice in Risk Management

Book · March 27, 2007 The only guide to understanding ethical challenges in engineering projects from both a technical and a social perspective What does it mean to be a "good" engineer, planner, or design professional in the ethical sense? Technical professionals must make dai ... Full text Cite

Fundamentals of Air Pollution, Fourth Edition

Book · January 1, 2007 Fundamentals of Air Pollution is an important and widely used textbook in the environmental science and engineering community. Written shortly after the passage of the seminal Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990, the third edition was quite timely. Surprising ... Full text Cite

A personal exposure study employing scripted activities and paths in conjunction with atmospheric releases of perfluorocarbon tracers in Manhattan, New York

Journal Article Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology · 2007 A personal exposure study was conducted in New York City as part of the Urban Dispersion Program (UDP). It examined the contact of individuals with four harmless perflourocarbon tracers (PFT) released in Midtown Manhattan with approval by city agencies at ... Cite

Exploring relationships between outdoor air particulate-associated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and PM2.5: A case study of benzo(a)pyrene in California metropolitan regions

Journal Article Atmospheric Environment · 2007 Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and particulate matter (PM) are co-pollutants emitted as by-products of combustion processes. Convincing evidence exists for PAHs as a primary toxic component of fine PM (PM2.5). Because PM2.5 is listed by the US EPA ... Cite

Beyond responsible conduct: Macroethics of Nanobiotechnology

Journal Article International Journal of Medical Implants and Devices · 2007 A team of engineers, scientists, ethicists, and educational specialists are enhancing Duke’s existing Responsible Conduct of Research (RCR) program to ensure that graduate-level researchers in emerging fields are adequately prepared when confronted with ma ... Cite

The next stage of responsible conduct: Macroethics of Nanobiotechnology Research

Journal Article International Journal of Medical Implants and Devices · 2007 Preliminary results are now available from Duke’s enhanced Responsible Conduct of Research (RCR) program for graduate-level research in emerging fields. Three main opportunities for ethics in nanotechnology-related research are being stressed: awareness; e ... Cite

Socially responsible engineering

Book · September 11, 2006 This thorough book provides a historical and philosophical foundation of environmental justice, as well as: * Case studies highlighting real-world concepts of environmental justice * Practical examples of investigations, resolutions when ... ... Cite

Preventing disputes with empathy

Journal Article Journal of Professional Issues in Engineering Education and Practice · 2006 The engineer can prevent future disputes and failed engineering projects by employing a design strategy that incorporates empathy in all professional matters. The empathetic view can prevent disputes by considering the possible harm suffered as the result ... Full text Link to item Cite

Paradigms lost [electronic resource]

Book · 2006 Paying attention to the past instructs us about the future. Paradigms Lost combines the historical case perspective with credible and sound scientific explanations of key environmental disasters and problems. ... Cite

Paradigms Lost: Learning from Environmental Mistakes, Mishaps and Misdeeds

Book · January 1, 2005 Engineers and scientists have made great progress in advancing the understanding of the principles underlying environmental quality and public health. However, all too often, society and the scientific community do not realize the connections between envir ... Full text Cite

Factors in geotropospheric particle-gas transport of semivolatile organic compounds

Journal Article Environmental Engineering Science · 2005 Semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs) can exist in solid, liquid, or gas phases under ambient environmental conditions. The geotropospheric transport of SVOCs varies according to the particle type. Two classes of SVOCs and two types of particles were anal ... Cite

Environmental Contaminants: Assessment and Control

Book · July 23, 2004 This book serves as a tool for environmental professionals to produce technically sound and reproducible scientific evidence. It identifies ways to clean up environmental problems in air, water, soil, sediment and living systems. Ethical issues, environmen ... Cite

Air pollution measurements in the vicinity of the World Trade Center

Journal Article EM: Air and Waste Management Association's Magazine for Environmental Managers · 2004 Since the full extent of the hazards associated with 9/11 were not yet known, the Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Research and Development (EPA-ORD) set out to characterize the on-going emissions associated with the fires and the materials gene ... Cite

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and other semi-volatile organic compounds collected in New York City in response to the events of 9/11

Conference ACS Division of Environmental Chemistry, Preprints · December 1, 2003 Concentrations of over 60 non-polar semi-volatile and non-VOC were measured in Lower Manhattan, NY, using a high capacity integrated organic gas and particle sampler, after the initial destruction of the World Trade Center. The remaining air plumes from th ... Cite

Volatile organic compounds measurements in New York City in response to the events of 9/11

Conference ACS Division of Environmental Chemistry, Preprints · December 1, 2003 In response to the 9/11/2001 World Trade Center collapse and its associated pollution episode, scientists from the EPA started collecting ambient aerosol and gaseous samples near ground zero to determine the effect on air quality of ground zero emissions. ... Cite

Engineering The Risks of Hazardous Wastes

Book · April 15, 2003 This is a reference and text that blends together theoretical explanations, techniques and case study examples to complement practical knowledge. ... Cite

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and other semivolatile organic compounds collected in New York City in response to the events of 9/11

Journal Article Environmental Science and Technology · 2003 Concentrations of over 60 nonpolar semivolatile and nonvolatile organic compounds were measured in Lower Manhattan, NY, using a high-capacity integrated organic gas and particle sampler after the initial destruction of the World Trade Center (WTC). The res ... Full text Link to item Cite

Teachable moments and the tyranny of the syllabus: September 11 case

Journal Article Journal of Professional Issues in Engineering Education and Practice · 2003 The September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon presented unique teachable moments to engineering educators but with the competing demand to complete the course as designed and as dictated by the tyranny of the syllabus ... Full text Link to item Cite

Innovative Approaches to Human Exposure Assessment in Environmental Justice Communities

Conference Proceeding of the 2002 National Conference on Environmental Science and Technology · December 1, 2002 An innovative human exposure research project is examining environmental exposure by measuring contaminants in selected environmental justice communities. The project is developing the research infrastructure of the NCCU Environmental Science Program and o ... Cite

Transformation and transport of vinclozolin from soil to air

Journal Article Journal of Environmental Engineering · 2002 A laboratory chamber was designed and used to determine the headspace flux of the fungicide vinclozolin (3-(3,5- dichlorophenyl)-5-methyl-5-vinyl-oxzoli-dine-2,4-dione) and its three degradation products from chamber surfaces, 20-30 mesh Ottawa sand, and s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Characterization of the dust/smoke aerosol that settled east of the World Trade Center (WTC) in Lower Manhattan after the collapse of the 11 September 2001

Journal Article Environmental Health Perspectives · 2002 The explosion and collapse of the World Trade Center (WTC) was a catastrophic event that produced an aerosol plume impacting many workers, residents, and commuters during the first few days after 11 September 2001. Three bulk samples of the total settled d ... Link to item Cite

Degradation and migration of vinclozolin in sand and soil

Journal Article Journal of Environmental Engineering · 2001 The migration of the dicarboximide fungicide vinclozolin and its principal degradation products through porous media was experimentally determined by simulating pesticide applications to a 23-30 mesh Ottawa sand and a North Carolina Piedmont aquic hapludul ... Full text Link to item Cite

Factors influencing the distribution of lindane and other hexachlorocyclohexanes in the environment

Journal Article Environmental Science and Technology · 1999 This review examines the potential for γ-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) to be transformed into other isomers of HCH. HCH residues are among the most widely distributed and frequently detected organochlorine contaminants in the environment. The potential ... Full text Link to item Cite