Journal ArticleCompr Physiol · September 23, 2021
The gustatory system detects and informs us about the nature of various chemicals we put in our mouth. Some of these have nutritive value (sugars, amino acids, salts, and fats) and are appetitive and avidly ingested, whereas others (atropine, quinine, nico ...
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Journal ArticleCell Mol Life Sci · September 2020
Throughout the animal kingdom sucrose is one of the most palatable and preferred tastants. From an evolutionary perspective, this is not surprising as it is a primary source of energy. However, its overconsumption can result in obesity and an associated co ...
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Journal ArticleeNeuro · 2020
The intensity of sucrose (its perceived concentration) and its palatability (positive hedonic valence associated with ingestion) are two taste attributes that increase its attractiveness and overconsumption. Although both sensory attributes covary, in that ...
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Journal ArticleJ Physiol · April 2019
KEY POINTS: Orosensory thermal trigeminal afferent neurons respond to cool, warm, and nociceptive hot temperatures with the majority activated in the cool range. Many of these thermosensitive trigeminal orosensory afferent neurons also respond to capsaicin ...
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Journal ArticleElife · November 19, 2018
Sucrose's sweet intensity is one attribute contributing to the overconsumption of high-energy palatable foods. However, it is not known how sucrose intensity is encoded and used to make perceptual decisions by neurons in taste-sensitive cortices. We traine ...
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Journal ArticleProc Natl Acad Sci U S A · February 13, 2018
The Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) ion channel is expressed in nociceptors where, when activated by chemical or thermal stimuli, it functions as an important transducer of painful and itch-related stimuli. Although the interaction of TRPV ...
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Journal ArticleFront Neurosci · 2018
Although the palatability of sucrose is the primary reason for why it is over consumed, it is not well understood how it is encoded in the nucleus accumbens shell (NAcSh), a brain region involved in reward, feeding, and sensory/motor transformations. Simil ...
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Chapter · January 1, 2017
The mammalian taste system consists of taste buds, which are groups of 50-100 taste cells that are found throughout the oral cavity. On the tongue, which is the focus of this chapter, taste buds are located on circumvallate, foliate, and fungiform papillae ...
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Journal ArticleJ Neurosci · December 14, 2016
UNLABELLED: Although the release of mesoaccumbal dopamine is certainly involved in rewarding responses, recent studies point to the importance of the interaction between it and glutamate. One important component of this network is the anterior nucleus accu ...
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Journal ArticleNat Commun · October 10, 2016
The transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) ion channel is mainly found in primary nociceptive afferents whose activity has been linked to pathophysiological conditions including pain, itch and inflammation. Consequently, it is important to identi ...
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Journal ArticleSci Rep · June 1, 2016
TRPV4 ion channels represent osmo-mechano-TRP channels with pleiotropic function and wide-spread expression. One of the critical functions of TRPV4 in this spectrum is its involvement in pain and inflammation. However, few small-molecule inhibitors of TRPV ...
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Journal ArticleAppetite · May 1, 2016
Obesity is a public health problem caused by excessive consumption of high caloric diets and/or lack of physical activity. Although treatments for obesity include low caloric diets and exercise programs, these activities frequently are supplemented with ap ...
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Journal ArticleJ Neurophysiol · July 2015
Obesity is a worldwide health problem that has reached epidemic proportions. To ameliorate this problem, one approach is the use of appetite suppressants. These compounds are frequently amphetamine congeners such as diethylpropion (DEP), phentermine (PHEN) ...
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Journal ArticleCompr Physiol · September 23, 2021
The gustatory system detects and informs us about the nature of various chemicals we put in our mouth. Some of these have nutritive value (sugars, amino acids, salts, and fats) and are appetitive and avidly ingested, whereas others (atropine, quinine, nico ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleCell Mol Life Sci · September 2020
Throughout the animal kingdom sucrose is one of the most palatable and preferred tastants. From an evolutionary perspective, this is not surprising as it is a primary source of energy. However, its overconsumption can result in obesity and an associated co ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleeNeuro · 2020
The intensity of sucrose (its perceived concentration) and its palatability (positive hedonic valence associated with ingestion) are two taste attributes that increase its attractiveness and overconsumption. Although both sensory attributes covary, in that ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleJ Physiol · April 2019
KEY POINTS: Orosensory thermal trigeminal afferent neurons respond to cool, warm, and nociceptive hot temperatures with the majority activated in the cool range. Many of these thermosensitive trigeminal orosensory afferent neurons also respond to capsaicin ...
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Journal ArticleElife · November 19, 2018
Sucrose's sweet intensity is one attribute contributing to the overconsumption of high-energy palatable foods. However, it is not known how sucrose intensity is encoded and used to make perceptual decisions by neurons in taste-sensitive cortices. We traine ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleProc Natl Acad Sci U S A · February 13, 2018
The Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) ion channel is expressed in nociceptors where, when activated by chemical or thermal stimuli, it functions as an important transducer of painful and itch-related stimuli. Although the interaction of TRPV ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleFront Neurosci · 2018
Although the palatability of sucrose is the primary reason for why it is over consumed, it is not well understood how it is encoded in the nucleus accumbens shell (NAcSh), a brain region involved in reward, feeding, and sensory/motor transformations. Simil ...
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Chapter · January 1, 2017
The mammalian taste system consists of taste buds, which are groups of 50-100 taste cells that are found throughout the oral cavity. On the tongue, which is the focus of this chapter, taste buds are located on circumvallate, foliate, and fungiform papillae ...
Full textCite
Journal ArticleJ Neurosci · December 14, 2016
UNLABELLED: Although the release of mesoaccumbal dopamine is certainly involved in rewarding responses, recent studies point to the importance of the interaction between it and glutamate. One important component of this network is the anterior nucleus accu ...
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Journal ArticleNat Commun · October 10, 2016
The transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) ion channel is mainly found in primary nociceptive afferents whose activity has been linked to pathophysiological conditions including pain, itch and inflammation. Consequently, it is important to identi ...
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Journal ArticleSci Rep · June 1, 2016
TRPV4 ion channels represent osmo-mechano-TRP channels with pleiotropic function and wide-spread expression. One of the critical functions of TRPV4 in this spectrum is its involvement in pain and inflammation. However, few small-molecule inhibitors of TRPV ...
Full textOpen AccessLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleAppetite · May 1, 2016
Obesity is a public health problem caused by excessive consumption of high caloric diets and/or lack of physical activity. Although treatments for obesity include low caloric diets and exercise programs, these activities frequently are supplemented with ap ...
Full textLink to itemCite
Journal ArticleJ Neurophysiol · July 2015
Obesity is a worldwide health problem that has reached epidemic proportions. To ameliorate this problem, one approach is the use of appetite suppressants. These compounds are frequently amphetamine congeners such as diethylpropion (DEP), phentermine (PHEN) ...
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Journal ArticleAm J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol · August 1, 2013
Despite decades of study, it remains a matter of controversy as to whether in rats taste identification is a rapid process that occurs in about 250-600 ms (one to three licks) or a slow process that evolves over seconds. To address this issue, we trained r ...
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Journal ArticleJ Physiol · July 1, 2013
Pain is a physiological response to a noxious stimulus that decreases the quality of life of those sufferring from it. Research aimed at finding new therapeutic targets for the treatment of several maladies, including pain, has led to the discovery of nume ...
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Journal ArticleJ Neurophysiol · September 2012
Neurons in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) have been shown to participate in several behavioral states, including feeding and sleep. However, it is not known if the same neuron participates in both states and, if so, how similar are the responses. In addition, ...
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Journal ArticleJ Neurophysiol · August 2012
Salt appetite is a goal-directed behavior in which salt-deprived animals ingest high salt concentrations that they otherwise find aversive. Because forebrain areas such as the lateral hypothalamus (LH), central amygdala (CeA), and nucleus accumbens (NAc) a ...
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Journal ArticleJ Physiol · July 1, 2012
The gustatory cortex (GC) is important for perceiving the intensity of tastants but it remains unclear as to how single neurons in the region carry out this function. Previous studies have shown that taste-evoked activity from single neurons in GC can be c ...
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Book · September 9, 2011
Major depressive disorders have recently been associated with impairments in signaling pathways that regulate neuroplasticity and cell survival. Agents designed to directly target molecules in these pathways hold promise as new therapeutics for depression. ...
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Journal ArticleJ Biol Chem · July 15, 2011
The TRPV1 ion channel serves as an integrator of noxious stimuli with its activation linked to pain and neurogenic inflammation. Cholesterol, a major component of cell membranes, modifies the function of several types of ion channels. Here, using measureme ...
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Journal ArticleFlavour Fragr J · July 1, 2011
Although the act of eating is voluntary, its initiation depends on several factors including its taste and the animal's internal state as related to hunger or satiety. These factors together with the food's hedonic value will determine whether food will be ...
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Journal ArticleEnviron Health Perspect · June 2011
BACKGROUND: Human respiratory epithelia function in airway mucociliary clearance and barrier function and have recently been implicated in sensory functions. OBJECTIVE: We investigated a link between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) pathogenesi ...
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Journal ArticlePLoS One · 2011
Consumption of calorie-containing sugars elicits appetitive behavioral responses and dopamine release in the ventral striatum, even in the absence of sweet-taste transduction machinery. However, it is unclear if such reward-related postingestive effects re ...
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Journal ArticleAdv Tech Stand Neurosurg · 2011
Gustation is a multisensory process allowing for the selection of nutrients and the rejection of irritating and/or toxic compounds. Since obesity is a highly prevalent condition that is critically dependent on food intake and energy expenditure, a deeper u ...
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Journal ArticleTrends Neurosci · July 2010
To understand gustatory physiology and associated dysfunctions it is important to know how oral taste stimuli are encoded both in the periphery and in taste-related brain centres. The identification of distinct taste receptors, together with electrophysiol ...
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Journal ArticleHorm Behav · June 2010
Adolescence is the developmental epoch during which children become adults-intellectually, physically, hormonally and socially. Brain development in critical areas is ongoing. Adolescents are risk-taking and novelty-seeking and they weigh positive experien ...
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Journal ArticleJ Neurosci · January 6, 2010
Animals learn which foods to ingest and which to avoid. Despite many studies, the electrophysiological correlates underlying this behavior at the gustatory-reward circuit level remain poorly understood. For this reason, we measured the simultaneous electri ...
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Journal ArticleMethods Mol Biol · 2010
Several recent techniques have allowed us to pinpoint the receptors responsible for the detection of nociceptive stimuli. Among these receptors, ion channels play a fundamental role in the recognition and transduction of stimuli that can cause pain. During ...
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Journal ArticleJ Neurosci · September 9, 2009
Much remains to be understood about the differential contributions from primary and secondary sensory cortices to sensory-guided decision making. To address this issue we simultaneously recorded activity from neuronal ensembles in primary [gustatory cortex ...
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Journal ArticleBr J Pharmacol · August 2009
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Oily extracts of Sichuan and Melegueta peppers evoke pungent sensations mediated by different alkylamides [mainly hydroxy-alpha-sanshool (alpha-SOH)] and hydroxyarylalkanones (6-shogaol and 6-paradol). We assessed how transient rece ...
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Journal ArticleInt J Obes (Lond) · June 2009
The central gustatory pathways are part of the brain circuits upon which rest the decision to ingest or reject a food. The quality of food stimuli, however, relies not only on their taste but also on properties such as odor, texture and temperature. We wil ...
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Journal ArticleEnviron Health Perspect · March 2009
BACKGROUND: Diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) are globally relevant air pollutants that exert a detrimental human health impact. However, mechanisms of damage by DEP exposure to human respiratory health and human susceptibility factors are only partially kno ...
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Journal ArticleJ Neurosci · February 25, 2009
Complex tasting divalent salts (CTDS) are present in our daily diet, contributing to multiple poorly understood taste sensations. CTDS evoking metallic, bitter, salty, and astringent sensations include the divalent salts of iron, zinc, copper, and magnesiu ...
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Journal ArticleProc Natl Acad Sci U S A · February 3, 2009
The orosensory responses elicited by nicotine are relevant for the development and maintenance of addiction to tobacco products. However, although nicotine is described as bitter tasting, the molecular and neural substrates encoding the taste of nicotine a ...
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Journal ArticleBiochem Biophys Res Commun · November 28, 2008
Artificial sweeteners such as saccharin, aspartame, acesulfame-K, and cyclamate produce at high concentrations an unpleasant after-taste that is generally attributed to bitter and metallic taste sensations. To identify receptors involved with the complex p ...
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Journal ArticleCurr Mol Pharmacol · November 2008
Historically, drug research targeted to pain treatment has focused on trying to prevent the propagation of action potentials in the periphery from reaching the brain rather than pinpointing the molecular basis underlying the initial detection of the nocice ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of Clinical Investigation · July 1, 2008
Airway irritants cause a variety of lung pathologies. Two separate studies, the first recently reported in the JCI by Bessac et al. and the second reported by AndrĆØ et al. in the current issue of the JCI (see the related article beginning on page 2574), ha ...
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Journal ArticleJ Clin Invest · July 2008
Airway irritants cause a variety of lung pathologies. Two separate studies, the first recently reported in the JCI by Bessac et al. and the second reported by AndrĆØ et al. in the current issue of the JCI (see the related article beginning on page 2574), ha ...
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Journal ArticleBiophys J · June 2008
Bilayers composed of phosphatidylcholine (PC), sphingomyelin (SM), and cholesterol (CHOL) are commonly used as systems to model the raft-lipid domain structure believed to compartmentalize particular cell membrane proteins. In this work, micropipette aspir ...
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ConferenceChemosens Percept · June 2008
Gustatory perception is inherently multimodal, since approximately the same time that intra-oral stimuli activate taste receptors, somatosensory information is concurrently sent to the CNS. We review evidence that gustatory perception is intrinsically link ...
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Journal ArticleNeuron · March 27, 2008
Food palatability and hedonic value play central roles in nutrient intake. However, postingestive effects can influence food preferences independently of palatability, although the neurobiological bases of such mechanisms remain poorly understood. Of centr ...
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Journal ArticleBiophys J · January 1, 2008
The lipid phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP(2)) is critical for a number of physiological functions, and its presence in membrane microdomains (rafts) appears to be important for several of these spatially localized events. However, lipids like PI ...
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Journal ArticlePhysiol Behav · November 23, 2007
The act of eating requires a decision by an animal to place food in its mouth. The reasons to eat are varied and include hunger as well as the food's expected reward value. Previous studies of tastant processing in the rat primary gustatory cortex (GC) hav ...
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Journal ArticleFront Neurosci · November 2007
The gustatory cortex (GC) processes chemosensory and somatosensory information and is involved in learning and anticipation. Previously we found that a subpopulation of GC neurons responded to tastants in a single lick (Stapleton et al., 2006). Here we ext ...
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Journal ArticleAm J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol · August 2007
Throughout the world many people use artificial sweeteners (AS) for the purpose of reducing caloric intake. The most prominently used of these molecules include saccharin, aspartame (Nutrasweet), acesulfame-K, and cyclamate. Despite the caloric advantage t ...
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Journal ArticleGenes Brain Behav · June 2007
To survive, animals must constantly update the internal value of stimuli they encounter; a process referred to as incentive learning. Although there have been many studies investigating whether dopamine is necessary for reward, or for the association betwe ...
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Journal ArticleJ Neurophysiol · March 2007
Changes in tonicity in the peripheral nervous system can activate nociceptors and produce pain. Under local inflammatory conditions the peripheral terminals of nociceptors are subject to deviations from isotonicity. Previously it was shown that several mem ...
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Chapter · January 1, 2007
The mammalian gustatory system participates in the detection and discrimination of intraoral stimuli, allowing for the selection of nutrients and rejection of toxic compounds. However, the sensory percept of a substance that is placed in the mouth does not ...
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Journal Article · January 1, 2007
The evolutionary success of most mammalian species results in part from their ability to efficiently select nutrients in order to maintain energy, fluid and temperature homeostasis. It is shown that efficient ingestive behavior depends on several structure ...
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Journal ArticleBiophysics · December 1, 2006
Mechanoelectrical transduction in gramicidin A channels was studied in macroscopic planar lipid bilayer membranes bulged at constant tension. We found a supralinear increase in the single channel activity that was proportional to the square of membrane rad ...
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Journal ArticleNat Rev Neurosci · November 2006
Whenever food is placed in the mouth, taste receptors are stimulated. Simultaneously, different types of sensory fibre that monitor several food attributes such as texture, temperature and odour are activated. Here, we evaluate taste and oral somatosensory ...
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Journal ArticleBiochim Biophys Acta · November 2006
We describe the phenomenon of mechanoelectrical transduction in macroscopic lipid bilayer membranes modified by two cation-selective ionophores, valinomycin and nonactin. We found that bulging these membranes, while maintaining the membrane tension constan ...
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Journal ArticleBiophys J · October 15, 2006
We have used thin sectioning and conical electron tomography to determine the three-dimensional structure of synaptic vesicles that were associated (docked) at release sites of the presynaptic membrane, called active-zones. Vesicles docked at the active zo ...
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Journal ArticleNeuron · August 17, 2006
The motivation to start or terminate a meal involves the continual updating of information on current body status by central gustatory and reward systems. Previous electrophysiological and neuroimaging investigations revealed region-specific decreases in a ...
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Journal ArticleJ Neurosci · April 12, 2006
Rapid tastant detection is necessary to prevent the ingestion of potentially poisonous compounds. Behavioral studies have shown that rats can identify tastants in approximately 200 ms, although the electrophysiological correlates for fast tastant detection ...
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Journal ArticleJ Neurophysiol · March 2006
The proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) mediates inflammation and hyperalgesia, although the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. To better understand such molecular and cellular mechanisms, we investigated how IL-1beta modulates the tot ...
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Journal ArticleAnnu Rev Biophys Biomol Struct · 2006
Structural, compositional, and material (elastic) properties of lipid bilayers exert strong influences on the interactions of water-soluble proteins and peptides with membranes, the distribution of transmembrane proteins in the plane of the membrane, and t ...
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Journal ArticleJ Neurophysiol · January 2006
The classification of rhythmic licking into clusters has proved to be useful for characterizing brain mechanisms that modulate the ingestion of natural rewards (sucrose and water). One cortical area that is responsive to rewarding stimuli is the orbitofron ...
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Journal ArticleMol Pharmacol · April 2005
Transient receptor potential (TRP) genes encode a family of related ion-channel subunits. This family consists of cation-selective, calcium-permeable channels that include a group of vanilloid receptor channels (TRPV) implicated in pain and inflammation. T ...
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Journal ArticleBiophys J · March 2005
The membrane-lytic peptide melittin has previously been shown to form pores in lipid bilayers that have been described in terms of two different structural models. In the "barrel stave" model the bilayer remains more or less flat, with the peptides penetra ...
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Journal ArticlePain · November 2004
Featured Publication
One mechanism by which neurons regulate their excitability is through ion channel phosphorylation. Compounds that increase nociceptive neuron excitability can cause hyperalgesia or allodynia whereas compounds that decrease nociceptive neuron excitability c ...
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Journal ArticleJ Neurophysiol · October 2004
Featured Publication
In tissue or nerve injury, proinflammatory mediators are released that can modulate a variety of ion channels found in nociceptors. The changes in channel activity, which primarily occurs through changes in intracellular pathways, may lead to the pathologi ...
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Journal ArticleJ Neurophysiol · April 2004
Nicotine is an alkaloid that is used by large numbers of people. When taken into the body, it produces a myriad of physiological actions that occur primarily through the activation of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). We have explored it ...
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Journal ArticleAm J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol · March 2004
Exposure to airborne particulate matter (PM) is a world-wide health problem mainly because it produces adverse cardiovascular and respiratory effects that frequently result in morbidity. Despite many years of epidemiological and basic research, the mechani ...
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Journal ArticleToxicol Appl Pharmacol · October 1, 2003
Exposure to airborne particulate matter (PM) is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. It has been previously shown that PMs and synthetic particles (PC10 and PC2) that have similar characteristics to PMs induced depolarizing currents and incre ...
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Journal ArticleBiophys J · September 2003
Specific proteins and lipids sequester to regions of cell membranes called rafts. Due to their high content of sphingomyelin (SM) and cholesterol, raft bilayers are thicker than nonraft bilayers and, at least at 4 degrees C, are resistant to Triton X-100 e ...
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Journal ArticleAm J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol · June 2003
The neuropeptide leptin has been shown to selectively modulate rat chorda tympani (CT) responses to sweet tastants. To explore whether other neuropeptides can modulate such responses, rat whole nerve CT responses to NaCl, HCl, quinine HCl, and sucrose were ...
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Journal ArticleJ Neurophysiol · March 2003
When capsaicin, the pungent compound in hot pepper, is applied to epithelia it produces pain, allodynia, and hyperalgesia. We investigated, using whole cell path clamp, whether some of these responses induced by capsaicin could be a consequence of capsaici ...
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Journal ArticleToxicol Appl Pharmacol · January 15, 2003
Exposure to airborne pollutants, such as particulate matter (PM), is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. Indirect evidence suggested that PM-induced responses could be initiated by the activation of proton-gated receptors, including vanilloi ...
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Journal ArticleChem Phys Lipids · January 2003
The free energy of transfer (DeltaG degrees ) from water to lipid bilayers was measured for two amphipathic peptides, the presequence of the mitochondrial peptide rhodanese (MPR) and melittin. Experiments were designed to determine the effects on peptide p ...
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Journal ArticleCurr Opin Neurobiol · August 2002
The process of gustatory coding consists of neural responses that provide information about the quantity and quality of food, its generalized sensation, its hedonic value, and whether it should be swallowed. Many of the models presently used to analyze gus ...
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Journal ArticleJ Neurosci · March 1, 2002
In gustatory cortex, single-neuron activity reflects the multimodal processing of taste stimuli. Little is known, however, about the interactions between gustatory cortical (GC) neurons during tastant processing. Here, these interactions were characterized ...
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Journal ArticleBiophys J · March 2002
Lipid bilayers composed of unsaturated phosphatidylcholine (PC), sphingomyelin (SM), and cholesterol are thought to contain microdomains that have similar detergent insolubility characteristics as rafts isolated from cell plasma membranes. We chemically ch ...
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Journal ArticleCurrent Topics in Membranes · January 1, 2002
The goal of this work is to determine how specific compositional, structural, and mechanical properties of the lipid bilayer modulate the membrane binding and conformation of a biologically significant peptide, the signal sequence of the bacterial protein ...
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Journal ArticleBrain Res · December 27, 2001
A sour taste sensation may be produced when acidic stimuli interact with taste receptor cells (TRCs) on the dorsal surface of the tongue. We have searched for pathways in TRCs that may be activated by acidic stimuli using RT-PCR and changes in intracellula ...
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Journal ArticleBiochem Soc Trans · August 2001
The interactions between a signal peptide and a variety of lipid bilayers have been studied with direct binding assays, CD and isothermal titration calorimetry. We find that the binding of this peptide is influenced by charges and dipoles located in the bi ...
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Journal ArticleJ Neurosci · June 15, 2001
To investigate the dynamic aspects of gustatory activity, we recorded the responses of small ensembles of cortical neurons to tastants administered to awake rats. Multiple trials of each tastant were delivered during recordings made in oral somatosensory ( ...
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Journal ArticleJ Neurophysiol · February 2001
Capsaicin, the pungent ingredient in hot pepper, activates nociceptors to produce pain and inflammation. However, repeated exposures of capsaicin will cause desensitization to nociceptive stimuli. In cultured trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons, we investigat ...
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Chapter · January 1, 2001
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) belong to the ligand-gated ion channel receptor superfamily: nAChRs are composed of 5 subunits arranged to form an integral ion channel that can open upon binding the neurotransmitter, ACh, or exogenous ligands, s ...
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Journal ArticleProc Natl Acad Sci U S A · December 5, 2000
The recently cloned rat vanilloid receptor, VR1, can be activated by capsaicin, acid, and heat. To determine the molecular mechanisms facilitating channel opening in response to these stimuli, VR1 and six channels containing charge neutralization point mut ...
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Journal ArticleToxicol Appl Pharmacol · November 15, 2000
The signs of airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness that occur in animals exposed to air pollutants are often strain- and species-specific. To investigate the underlying causes of this phenomenon, BALB/c and C57bl/6 mice were exposed intratracheally t ...
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Journal ArticleMacromolecules · May 30, 2000
Spherical micron-sized (4-10 Ī¼m in diameter) poly(methacrylic acid-co-acrylic acid) microgels were synthesized by precipitation polymerization, and their chelation reactions with chloride salts of Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, and Ba2+ were investigated by isothermal ...
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Journal ArticlePhysiol Behav · May 2000
Activation of primary trigeminal (TG) neurons by protons, capsaicin, or heat can evoke a variety of sensations, including tingling, stinging, warmth, and burning. Capsaicin and acid are trigeminal stimulants that are important in gustatory physiology. Thes ...
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Journal ArticlePhysiol Behav · April 1, 2000
When applied repetitively to the cornea, capsaicin, the pungent compound in hot pepper, causes an initial eye-wiping response that diminishes upon repeated exposure (tachyphylaxis). This diminution, however, is not observed upon repetitive application of i ...
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Journal ArticleAm J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol · April 2000
Residual oil fly ash (ROFA) is an industrial pollutant that contains metals, acids, and unknown materials complexed to a particulate core. The heterogeneous composition of ROFA hampers finding the mechanism(s) by which it and other particulate pollutants c ...
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Journal ArticleChem Phys Lipids · January 2000
A novel diacyl glycerol-based lipid with a polyphenolic head group has been synthesized and characterized. X-ray diffraction experiments show that this lipid, 1,2-dipalmitoylgalloylglycerol (DPGG), hydrates to form gel phase bilayers at 20 degrees C with e ...
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Journal ArticleAm J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol · January 2000
The tongue is the principal organ that provides sensory information about the quality and quantity of chemicals in food. Other information about the temperature and texture of food is also transduced on the tongue, via extragemmal receptors that form branc ...
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Journal ArticleNeuropeptides · December 1999
The role of neuropeptides in initiating and modulating airway inflammation was examined in a human bronchial epithelial cell line (i.e. BEAS-2B). At a range of concentrations, exposure of BEAS-2B cells to Substance P (SP) or calcitonin gene related protein ...
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Journal ArticleJ Neurophysiol · August 1999
Reorganization of the somatosensory system was quantified by simultaneously recording from single-unit neural ensembles in the whisker regions of the ventral posterior medial (VPM) nucleus of the thalamus and the primary somatosensory (SI) cortex in anesth ...
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Journal ArticleMacromolecules · July 27, 1999
The pH and NaCl induced swelling response and drug and protein loading of poly(methacrylic acid-co-acrylic acid) microgels (4-10 Ī¼m diameter) were measured as a function of cross-link density. The swelling ratio (Q) of the microgels increased linearly from ...
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Journal ArticleBiochemistry · June 8, 1999
The orientation in lipid bilayers of the signal sequence of the bacterial protein LamB was studied using binding, circular dichroism, and fluorescence quenching experiments. Measurements were made of binding modifications caused by the incorporation of lip ...
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Journal ArticleBiophys J · April 1999
It has been established that the fusion of both biological membranes and phospholipid bilayers can be modulated by altering their lipid composition (Chernomordik et al., 1995 .J. Membr. Biol. 146:3). In particular, when added exogenously between apposing m ...
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Journal ArticleBrain Res · November 2, 1998
The application of nicotine to the various epithelia served by the trigeminal nerve produces irritation and/or pain by activating neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (NnAChRS) in sensory neurons. In this study the NnAChRs were identified in rat trig ...
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Journal ArticleBrain Res · November 2, 1998
Desensitization is a process that describes the diminishing effect of a drug upon repeated applications. In regard to capsaicin, the pungent compound in hot pepper, it is well established that removal of extracellular calcium markedly diminishes desensitiz ...
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Journal ArticleBiochemistry · September 1, 1998
Interactions between signal (leader) sequences and membranes are critical to protein insertion and translocation across membranes. In this paper, circular dichroism, tryptophan fluorescence, electrophoretic mobility, dipole potential, and binding measureme ...
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Journal ArticleMacromolecules · July 28, 1998
Micrometer-sized (4-7 Āµm diameter) poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) hydrogel microspheres were synthesized by precipitation polymerization. Individual microspheres were held in a micropipet and visualized by interference contrast microscopy. They were charact ...
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Journal ArticleNeuroscience · May 1998
Capsaicin, the vanilloid responsible for the pungent taste of hot peppers, binds to receptors found primarily in polymodal nociceptors. Capsaicin initially stimulates polymodal nociceptors and subsequently inhibits them from responding to a variety of stim ...
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Journal ArticleChem Senses · April 1998
The initial steps in taste and olfaction result from the activation by chemical stimuli of taste receptor cells (TRCs) and olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). In parallel with these two pathways is the chemosensitive trigeminal pathway whose neurons termina ...
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Journal ArticleCurrent Opinion in Colloid and Interface Science · January 1, 1998
The past year has seen significant advances in our understanding of the key factors involved in determining whether a macromolecule or colloidal particle can reach, bind to, and absorb into lipid bilayer membranes. The highlights include the need to combin ...
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Journal ArticleJ Neurosci · June 1, 1997
Capsaicin, the pungent ingredient in hot pepper, activates and subsequently desensitizes a subset of polymodal nociceptors. Because its initial application to skin produces pain, nonpungent analogs such as olvanil and glyceryl nonivamide (GLNVA) were synth ...
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Journal ArticleNeurosci Lett · May 30, 1997
Vanilloid receptors are activated by capsaicin, the pungent ingredient in hot pepper. They are also specifically and competitively inhibited by capsazepine (CPZ). To determine whether CPZ is specific to vanilloid receptors, its effects were tested on the c ...
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Journal ArticleBrain Res · May 9, 1997
To determine whether the idiosyncratic distribution of transduction mechanisms for bitter tastants in rat taste receptor cells (TRCs) could be inferred from the neural activity they evoke, single neuron responses to ten bitter-tasting compounds were record ...
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Journal ArticleProgress in Colloid and Polymer Science · January 1, 1997
For several years researchers have been investigating the interactions between solvated lipid bilayers. Presently there is some disagreement regarding the range, magnitude, and origin of the long-and short-range repulsive and attractive interactions betwee ...
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Journal ArticleMicroscopy and Microanalysis · January 1, 1997
We have explored freeze-substitution combined with low-temperature embedding in rat taste buds for postembedding immunocytochemistry. A major difference in taste bud cells that were rapidly frozen without prior chemical fixation and those that were fixed a ...
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Journal ArticleBiophys J · December 1996
Because proteins and other molecules with a high polyphenol content are commonly involved in adhesion processes, we are investigating the interactions between polyphenols and biological materials. A naturally occurring polyphenol that binds a variety of pr ...
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Journal ArticleBiophys J · October 1996
Because liposomes containing fluoroalkylated phospholipids are being developed for in vivo drug delivery, the structure and interactive properties of several fluoroalkylated glycerophosphocholines (PCs) were investigated by x-ray diffraction/osmotic stress ...
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Journal ArticleColloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects · September 30, 1996
For many years a large, short-range repulsive interaction has been observed between a variety of hydrated surlaces. The physical origin of this ubiquitous interaction has been controversial. In the case of lipid bilayers, proposed mechanisms include a hydr ...
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Journal ArticleJ Neurophysiol · September 1996
1. Capsaicin, piperine, and zingerone are natural pungent-tasting compounds found in chili pepper, black pepper, and ginger, respectively. These structurally related compounds evoke many of the same physiological responses, but at comparable concentrations ...
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Journal ArticleRegul Pept · July 5, 1996
In rat tongue, neurons containing substance P terminate in connective tissue, in taste buds, and in lingual epithelium surrounding taste buds in fungiform, foliate and circumvallate papillae. Although many functions have been attributed to these neurons, v ...
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Journal ArticleAm J Physiol · June 1996
Nicotine and capsaicin produce many similar physiological responses that include pain, irritation, and vasodilation. To determine whether neuronal nicotine acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) are present on capsaicin-sensitive neurons, whole cell patch-clamp r ...
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Journal ArticleJ Neurophysiol · April 1996
1. Whole cell patch-clamp records from cultured rat trigeminal ganglion cells having soma diameters ranging from 20 to 50 microM revealed that capsaicin activated two inward currents and an outward current. At -60 mV, the inward currents could be distingui ...
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Journal ArticleLangmuir · March 20, 1996
The goal of this study is to provide additional information on the short-range interactions that determine the adhesion energy between bilayer surfaces. The specific problem concerns the hydration properties of bilayers of the membrane lipid phosphatidylet ...
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Journal ArticlePain · January 1996
Capsaicin is a pungent-tasting compound produced by plants in the Capsium family that activates a subset of primary afferent neurons associated with pain and thermoreception. Previous studies from dorsal root ganglion (DRGs) neurons suggest that many of ca ...
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Journal ArticleBiophys J · October 1995
Bilayer structure and interbilayer repulsive pressure were measured from 5 to 50 degrees C by the osmotic stress/x-ray diffraction method for both gel and liquid crystalline phase lipid bilayers. For gel phase dibehenoylphosphatidylcholine (DBPC) the bilay ...
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Journal ArticleBiochemistry · July 11, 1995
Theoretical treatments predict that strong entropic pressures between adjacent bilayer membranes can arise from out of plane motions caused by either thermally induced bending undulations of the entire bilayer [Harbich, W., & Helfrich, W. (1984) Chem. Phys ...
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Journal ArticleIn Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim · June 1995
A three-dimensional histoculture of wet stratified squamous epithelium of rat lingual frenulum was cultured on a liquid-air interface. The tissue retained its morphology for many days in culture. During this period the vast majority of the epithelial cells ...
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Journal ArticleBiophys J · May 1995
Liposomes containing phospholipids with covalently attached poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG-lipids) are being developed for in vivo drug delivery. In this paper we determine the structure and phase behavior of fully hydrated distearoylphosphatidylcholine (DSPC) ...
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Journal ArticleJ Neurophysiol · April 1995
1. A subpopulation of lingual nerve (LN) fibers surround and/or terminate in taste buds in fungiform papillae. One possible function of these fibers is to modulate chorda tympani fiber (CT) or taste responses. To test this hypothesis, the rat LN was stimul ...
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Journal ArticleBiochemistry · August 30, 1994
The structure and interactive properties of liquid-crystalline egg phosphatidylcholine (EPC) bilayers containing the ganglioside GM1 and its uncharged analogue, asialoGM1 (AGM1), have been obtained by X-ray diffraction analysis of osmotically stressed lipo ...
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Journal ArticleBiophys J · June 1994
Tannic acid (TA) is a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound that aggregates membranes and neutral phosolipid vesicles and precipitates many proteins. This study analyzes TA binding to lipid membranes and the ensuing aggregation. The optical density of ...
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Journal ArticleProc Natl Acad Sci U S A · January 18, 1994
A subpopulation of pain fibers are activated by capsaicin, the ingredient in red peppers that produces a burning sensation when eaten or placed on skin. Previous studies on dorsal root ganglion neurons indicated that capsaicin activates sensory nerves via ...
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Journal ArticleMicrosc Res Tech · October 15, 1993
The lingual epithelium is innervated by special sensory (taste) and general sensory (trigeminal) nerves that transmit information about chemical stimuli introduced into the mouth to the higher brain centers. Understanding the cellular mechanisms involved i ...
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Journal ArticleBiochemistry · August 17, 1993
The total repulsive interaction between electrically neutral, fluid bilayer membranes is thought to have a number of components, including a hydration pressure, due to the reorientation of water by the bilayer, and steric (entropic) pressures due to bilaye ...
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Journal ArticleBrain Res · July 16, 1993
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) were identified in a subpopulation of cultured adult rat trigeminal ganglia (TG) neurons by whole-cell patch-clamp recordings. Dimethylphenylpiperazinium (DMPP), a nAChR agonist, induced inward currents in 21/68 o ...
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Journal ArticleBrain Res · July 2, 1993
Each chorda tympani (CT) nerve innervates taste cells in fungiform papillae on one side of the anterior two-thirds of mammalian tongues. In this study, three effects of unilateral CT transection were investigated: (1) the persistence of taste cells on the ...
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Journal ArticleJ Gen Physiol · June 1993
The cell bodies of the lingual branch of the trigeminal nerve were localized in the trigeminal ganglion using extracellular recordings together with horseradish peroxidase labeling from the tongue. Individual lingual nerve fibers were characterized with re ...
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Journal ArticleBrain Res · November 6, 1992
Astringent tastes are generally considered those that induce long-lasting puckering and drying sensations on the tongue and membranes of the oral cavity. Electrophysiological recordings were made here from the whole chorda tympani nerve in gerbil to unders ...
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Journal ArticleMol Cell Biochem · September 8, 1992
The role of tight junctions in modulating responses from chorda tympani (taste) and lingual (general sensory) nerves are clarified in regard to their responses to salts. Chorda tympani (CT) responses elicited by organic sodium salts require greater Na+ con ...
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Journal ArticleArch Oral Biol · September 1992
Acetylcholine (ACh), muscarine and methacholine all decreased the short-circuit current (Isc) measured across isolated canine lingual epithelia bathed in symmetrical solutions of Krebs-Henseleit buffer when added to the serosal, but not mucosal, solutions. ...
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Journal ArticlePharmacol Biochem Behav · September 1992
The effects of acid and astringent compounds on ion transport across isolated canine lingual epithelia were measured in an Ussing chamber. Lowering the pH from 7.4 to 3.2 decreases ion transport, as measured by the short-circuit current (Isc), when the dor ...
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Journal ArticleBiophys J · March 1992
The effects of the cholesterol analog 5 alpha-cholestan-3 beta-ol-6-one (6-ketocholestanol) on bilayer structure, bilayer cohesive properties, and interbilayer repulsive pressures have been studied by a combination of x-ray diffraction, pipette aspiration, ...
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Journal ArticleBiochemistry · February 25, 1992
Thermal, structural, and cohesive measurements have been obtained for both bovine brain sphingomyelin (BSM) and N-tetracosanoylsphingomyelin (C24-SM) in the presence and absence of cholesterol. A goal of these experiments has been to clarify the mechanisms ...
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Journal ArticleBiochemistry · February 25, 1992
Pressure versus fluid spacing relations have been obtained for sphingomyelin bilayers in the gel phase and equimolar sphingomyelin/cholesterol in the liquid-crystalline phase by the use of X-ray diffraction analysis of osmotically stressed aqueous dispersi ...
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Journal ArticlePhysiol Behav · January 1992
A wide variety of compounds in foods and beverages produce astringent sensations when introduced into the oral cavity. There is controversy, however, whether "astringency," with its associated puckering and drying sensations, is a fundamental taste quality ...
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Journal ArticleChemical Senses · June 1, 1991
Na,K-ATPase was localized in canine fungiform and circumvallflte papillae by immunocytochemical and histochemical methods. Monoclonal antibodies raised against the Ī±-subunit of Na,K-ATPase showed specific staining in the stratum basale and in the lower lay ...
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Journal ArticleBiochim Biophys Acta · April 26, 1991
Previous studies have found that small concentrations of cholesterol, or several other molecules such as benzene and asialoganglioside, dramatically increase the fluid separation between gel phase phosphatidylcholine bilayers. These observations can not be ...
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Journal ArticleBiophys J · March 1991
The hydration pressure between dipalmitoyl phosphatidyl-N,N-dimethylethanolamine (DPPE-Me2) bilayers has been analyzed by both x-ray diffraction measurements of osmotically stressed liposomes and by differential scanning calorimetry. By the x-ray method, w ...
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Journal ArticleMagn Reson Med · March 1991
Magnetization transfer between macromolecules and water can be a significant factor contributing to tissue water 1H relaxation. Using saturation transfer techniques, the degree of magnetization transfer between the macromolecular matrix and bulk water 1H c ...
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Journal ArticleChemical Senses · February 1, 1991
Exogenous chemicals having low taste thresholds elicit particular tastes when injected into the bloodstream. This phenomenon is called intravascular taste. To explore the origins of intravascular taste we investigated the permeability properties of the par ...
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Journal ArticleArch Oral Biol · 1991
Epithelial and neural mechanisms underlying the trigeminal chemoreception of non-electrolytes were investigated in whole-nerve recordings from lingual nerve and in Ussing-chamber studies of isolated lingual epithelia. The non-electrolytes included menthol, ...
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Journal ArticleArch Oral Biol · 1991
Epithelial and neural mechanisms underlying trigeminal chemoreception were investigated by recording lingual nerve responses to chemical stimulation of the tongue. The chloride salts, NaCl, KCl, NH4Cl, and CaCl2, each elicited distinctly different, integra ...
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Journal ArticleBrain Res · December 3, 1990
It is well established from psychophysical and electrophysiological measurements that both Na and Cl contribute to the taste response to NaCl. The contribution of Na to the NaCl response can be studied using amiloride, a drug that inhibits Na transport in ...
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Journal ArticleBiophys J · June 1990
Pressure vs. distance relationships have been obtained for phosphatidylglycerol bilayers, in both charged and uncharged states. Water was removed from the lipid multilayers by the application of osmotic pressures in the range of 0-2.7 x 10(9) dyn/cm2, and ...
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Journal ArticleChemical Senses · February 1, 1990
The responses of canine lingual epithelium to D-glucose were measured in an Ussing chamber to determine the possible contribution of the osmotic changes of taste cells to the response of saccharides. With the mucosal solution containing 50 mM NaCl, 2 mM HE ...
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Journal ArticleProc Natl Acad Sci U S A · December 1989
As polar surfaces in solvent are brought together, they experience a large repulsive interaction, termed the solvation pressure. The solvation pressure between rough surfaces, such as lipid bilayers, has been shown previously to decay exponentially with di ...
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Journal ArticleBiochemistry · September 19, 1989
Well-ordered multilamellar arrays of liquid-crystalline phosphatidylcholine and equimolar phosphatidylcholine-cholesterol bilayers have been formed in the nonaqueous solvents formamide and 1,3-propanediol. The organization of these bilayers and the interac ...
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Journal ArticleJ Cell Biol · June 1989
The structural organization and protein composition of lens fiber junctions isolated from adult bovine and calf lenses were studied using combined electron microscopy, immunolocalization with monoclonal and polyclonal anti-MIP and anti-MP70 (two putative g ...
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Journal ArticleBiophys J · May 1989
Pressure versus distance relations have been obtained for solid (gel) and neat (liquid-crystalline) phase uncharged lipid bilayers by the use of x-ray diffraction analysis of osmotically stressed monoglyceride aqueous dispersions and multilayers. For solid ...
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Journal ArticleAm J Physiol · February 1989
Responses of isolated canine lingual epithelium in an Ussing chamber to D-glucose and fructose reveal events associated with taste transduction. With the use of isotopic flux studies, together with ion substitution and pharmacological and voltage clamp mea ...
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Journal ArticleBiochemistry · January 10, 1989
Pressure versus distance relationships have been obtained for egg phosphatidylcholine bilayers containing a range of cholesterol concentrations. Water was removed from between adjacent bilayers by the application of osmotic pressures in the range of 0.4-26 ...
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Journal ArticleJ Comp Neurol · January 1, 1989
The localization and structure of intercellular junctions and barriers in the extragemmal epithelium of canine fungiform papillae were determined by using both morphological and electrophysiological methods. Gap junctions were located in all epithelial str ...
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Journal ArticleP R Health Sci J · August 1988
The junctional resistance of the gap junctions between the lateral giant axons of the crayfish has been measured in coupled and uncoupled conditions and the number of gap junction particles has been counted under the same conditions. From these two sets of ...
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Journal ArticleAm J Physiol · July 1988
Front and rear regions of dog tongue were tested for spatial heterogeneity with respect to monovalent chloride salts (NaCl, KCl, and NH4Cl) and sweet tastants (sucrose, D-glucose, and L-glucose) by placing them in Ussing chambers where the open-circuit pot ...
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Journal ArticleJ Cell Biol · May 1988
Gap junctions between crayfish lateral axons were studied by combining anatomical and electrophysiological measurements to determine structural changes associated during uncoupling by axoplasmic acidification. In basal conditions, the junctional resistance ...
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Journal ArticleProc Natl Acad Sci U S A · February 1988
Single-channel records were obtained after fusion of ciliary membranes from the olfactory epithelium of Rana catesbeiana to planar lipid bilayers, and odorant-activated cation-selective channels were identified. In addition, a 190-pS potassium-selective ch ...
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Journal ArticlePharmacol Biochem Behav · February 1988
Measurements of ion transport across isolated lingual epithelium of rat were correlated with electrophysiological recordings from taste nerves. At hyperosmotic concentrations of NaCl, sodium ions enter the mucosal membrane of the isolated epithelium partia ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of Colloid And Interface Science · January 1, 1988
The hydration repulsive pressure has been measured between phosphatidylcholine bilayers as a function of area per lipid molecule by a comparison of X-ray diffraction data from three different lipid structures-the gel, liquid-crystalline, and interdigitated ...
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Journal ArticleBiochemistry · November 17, 1987
The change in pressure needed to bring egg phosphatidylcholine bilayers into contact from their equilibrium separation in excess water has been determined as a function of both distance between the bilayers and water content. A distinct upward break in the ...
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Journal ArticleProc Natl Acad Sci U S A · June 1987
Uncommon methods of formation and analysis of lipid monolayers have enabled the recognition of several monolayer states and the identification of that in which molecular organization corresponds closely to that of the bilayer. Monolayers were formed by con ...
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Journal ArticleAm J Physiol · September 1986
The response of rabbit tongue, placed in a modified Ussing chamber, to salts [KCl, NaCl, NH4Cl, tetraethylammonium chloride (TEACl)], sweeteners (D-glucose, sucrose), acid (HCl), and a bitter tastant, quinine, was investigated for the first time. These exp ...
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Journal ArticleBiochemistry · August 26, 1986
The area per lipid molecule for fully hydrated dilauroylphosphatidylethanolamine (DLPE) has been obtained in both the gel and liquid-crystalline states by combining wide-angle X-ray diffraction, electron density profiles, and previously published dilatomet ...
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Journal ArticleBiochemistry · July 15, 1986
The hydration repulsive force between lipid bilayers and the deformability of both gel and liquid-crystalline bilayers have been quantitated by an X-ray diffraction analysis of osmotically stressed liposomes. Both sampling theorem reconstructions and elect ...
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Journal ArticleBiochim Biophys Acta · January 16, 1986
Preparations of purified (Na+ + K+)-ATPase contain both fragments of membranes and long and undulating cylindrical structures. These structures have been described as edgeways of membrane fragments. We have analyzed these structures using negative staining ...
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Journal ArticleBBA - Biomembranes · 1986
Preparations of purified (Na+ + K+)-ATPase contain both fragments of membranes and long and undulating cylindrical structures. These structures have been described as edgeways of membrane fragments. We have analyzed these structures using negative staining ...
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Journal ArticleJ Membr Biol · 1986
Phenamil, an analog of amiloride, has previously been shown to bind specifically to sodium channels in toad bladder (J.L. Garvin et al., J. Membrane Biol. 87:45-54, 1985). In this paper, 3H-phenamil was used to measure sodium channel density in both isolat ...
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Journal ArticlePhysiol Behav · 1986
Bretylium tosylate (BT), an antifibrillary drug, was found to potentiate the taste of NaCl and LiCl in both humans and rats. Application of 1 mM BT (pH 6.3) to the human tongue statistically potentiated the taste of 0.2 M NaCl and 0.2 M LiCl by 33.5% and 1 ...
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Journal ArticleAmerican Journal of Physiology - Cell Physiology · December 1, 1985
A section of dog tongue just anterior to the circumvallate papillae was placed in an Ussing chamber and characterized with respect to monovalent cation transport pathways, response to HCl, and the interaction between salt and acid for the purposes of deter ...
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Journal ArticleAm J Physiol · November 1985
A section of dog tongue just anterior to the circumvallate papillae was placed in an Ussing chamber and characterized with respect to monovalent cation transport pathways, response to HCl, and the interaction between salt and acid for the purposes of deter ...
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Journal ArticleJ Membr Biol · 1985
Several new amiloride analogues and two reported photoaffinity analogues were tested for irreversible inhibition of short-circuit current, Isc, in toad bladder. Bromoamiloride, a photoaffinity analogue, induced 40% irreversible inhibition at 500 microM aft ...
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Journal ArticleBiochemistry · August 28, 1984
Multilamellar suspensions of a mixed-chain saturated phosphatidylcholine with 18 carbon atoms in the sn-1 chain and 10 carbon atoms in the sn-2 chain have been analyzed by X-ray diffraction techniques. The structural parameters for this lipid in the gel st ...
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Journal ArticleBiochim Biophys Acta · June 13, 1984
It has been shown recently by Rowe ((1983) Biochemistry 22, 3299-3305) that ethanol has a 'biphasic' effect on the transition temperature (Tm) of phosphatidylcholine bilayers, reducing Tm at low concentrations but increasing Tm at high concentrations. Our ...
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Journal ArticleBBA - Biomembranes · May 26, 1983
Glycerol substitutes for water in multilamellar phosphatidylcholine liposomes in that the fluid spaces between bilayers, as well as their main transition temperatures, heat capacities, and ethalpies are very similar in water and in pure glycerol. One major ...
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Journal ArticleBBA - Biomembranes · May 26, 1983
Several surface active small molecules induce an unusual phase in dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) suspensions. In this phase, the lipid hydrocarbon chains from apposing monolayers interpenetrate or interdigitate. A structural analysis by X-ray diffra ...
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Journal ArticleComp Biochem Physiol A Comp Physiol · 1983
The locomotory activity of small groups of brine shrimp (Artemia salina) was studied under conditions of high hydrostatic pressure, varying temperatures and exposure to several gaseous anesthetics. Both compression and exposure to anesthesia reduced the an ...
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Journal ArticleBiochemistry · August 17, 1982
The thermal and structural properties of saturated phosphatidylcholine liposomes are significantly altered by benzene. Upon the addition of benzene, the liposomes first swell and then disperse into small multilamellar vesicles. At 20 degrees C these vesicl ...
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Journal ArticleBiosci Rep · May 1982
Junctions which have been isolated from bovine lens may correspond to the tongue-and groove interdigitations observed between intact cells. These junctions have an overall thickness of 13-14 nm, a striking undulating surface topology, and contain protein s ...
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Journal ArticleScience · April 2, 1982
X-ray diffraction and capacitance measurements have been used to calculate the depth to which water penetrates in fully hydrated bacterial phosphatidylethanolamine bilayers in the presence and absence of cholesterol. The data indicate that cholesterol decr ...
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Journal ArticleJ Cell Biol · April 1982
Junctions between fiber cells of bovine lenses have been isolated in milligram quantities, without using detergents or proteases. The structure of the isolated junctions has been studied by thin-section, negative-stain, and freeze-fracture electron microsc ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of Physical Chemistry · January 1, 1982
The organic phase-aqueous phase partition coefficient of benzene was directly measured into nonpolar isotropic liquids, detergent micelles, and phospholipid bilayers above and below their gel-to-liquid crystalline transition temperature. From these data we ...
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Journal ArticleAm. J. Phys. (USA) · 1981
Infinite cylinders composed of polytropic material can possess nearly arbitrary rotation fields while retaining the fundamental simplicity of one-dimensional structures. The physical properties of these objects can be easily calculated and understood by ju ...
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Journal ArticleAm. J. Phys. (USA) · 1981
The properties of differentially rotating, completely degenerate sections of infinite cylinders are examined. Their construction is simple, with variables depending only on the radial cylindrical coordinate. They are found to possess important characterist ...
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Journal ArticleJ Gen Physiol · August 1980
The cation selectivity of the Na entry mechanism located in the outer membrane of the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) skin epithelium was studied. This selectivity was determined by measuring the short-circuit current when all of the external sodium was replac ...
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Journal ArticleNature · July 31, 1980
Studies of the interaction of anaesthetics with various preparations, from whole animals to organic solvents, have been continuing since Overton and Meyer found a correlation between anaesthetic potency and solubility in olive oil. Although the physiologic ...
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Journal ArticleBiochim Biophys Acta · April 24, 1980
The interaction of n-alkanes (C6--C16) with phosphatidylcholine has been studied by the combined use of differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction and monolayer techniques. It has been found that the thermal properties and ultrastructure of lipid ...
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Journal ArticleBiochim Biophys Acta · March 13, 1980
Partition coefficients of carbon dioxide into lipid bilayers (liposomes) and organic solvents were measured as a function of temperature. The molar partition coefficient of CO2 into liposomes of egg lecithin at 25 degrees C was 0.95 (ml CO2/ml lipid)/(ml C ...
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Journal ArticleScience · December 7, 1979
The Born charging equation predicts that the permeability of a phospholipid bilayer membrane to ions should depend markedly on the dielectric constant of the membrane. Increasing the dielectric constant of an artificial bilayer increases its permeability t ...
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Journal ArticleBiophys J · November 1979
The effect of the small anesthetic molecule, benzyl alcohol, on the structure of various bilayer system has been studied by optical, electrical, and x-ray diffraction techniques. We find that the modifications in bilayer thickness caused by benzyl alcohol ...
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Journal ArticleBiochim Biophys Acta · January 5, 1979
Direct measurement of the partition coefficient of n-hexane into phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylcholine-cholesterol bilayers showed that (a) isotropic liquids are not good models for lipid bilayers and (b), Regular Solution Theory cannot, in general, ...
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Journal ArticleAstrophys. J. (USA) · 1979
A computational method for obtaining the gravitational potential of an object with azimuthal and equatorial symmetry is presented. The method is tested by comparison with a closed, analytic solution obtained for a class of flattened, centrally condensed sp ...
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Journal ArticleBiophys J · July 1977
The interaction of squalene with liposomes and monolayers of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPL) has been studied by differential scanning calorimetry, Raman spectroscopy, and surface potential measurements. Mole ratios of squalene to DPL up to 9 to 1 we ...
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Journal ArticleJ Gen Physiol · July 1976
The inhibition of short-circuit current (Isc) in isolated frog skin and the induction of surface potentials in lipid bilayer membranes produced by the diuretic drug amiloride and a number of its chemical analogues was studied. The major conclusions of our ...
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Journal ArticleBiochim Biophys Acta · July 1, 1976
We have developed a simple model showing how the presence or obsence of Ca2+ can determine whether an uncurved or curved membrane surface is favored energetically. The model shows why fusion of vesicles with the presynaptic membrane is favored in the prese ...
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Journal ArticleBiophys J · May 1976
The formation of planar bilayer membranes from lipid monolayers as described by Montal and Mueller (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 1972. 69:3561) is analyzed. Bilayers absolutely free of alkane solvents or other nonpolar hydrocarbons can be formed on polytetrafluo ...
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Journal ArticleBiochemistry · February 24, 1976
The ionization and phase behavior of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoserine have been investigated under a variety of condtions by several different methods. As measured by turbidity changes, the temperature of the crystal-liquid crystal phase transiti ...
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Journal ArticleUndersea Biomed Res · December 1975
A theoretical method is derived for computation of the interactin of pressure and a weak anesthetic such as nitrogen or other narcotic gases in a two-dimensional material so as to prevent signs and symptoms of the high pressure nervous syndrome. A ratio of ...
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Journal ArticleBiochim Biophys Acta · February 14, 1975
The effects of various ions and 2H2O on the thermal properties of phosphatidylcholine dispersions were studied using differential scanning calorimetry and the change in the surface potential of monolayers with temperature. The phosphatidylcholine in 2H2O d ...
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Journal ArticleJournal of Colloid And Interface Science · January 1, 1975
The general mechanics of elastic deformations in bilayer membranes is developed, resulting in three elastic constants characterizing a bilayer surface. The theoretical analysis is applied to bilayer systems containing organic solvents (referred to as "solv ...
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Journal ArticleAviat Space Environ Med · January 1975
Five subjects were compressed to 1000 ft (31 ATA) for 2 h breathing 3.2 ATA nitrogen, 0.5 ATA oxygen, and the remainder helium. The compression took 33 min with a 10-s stage at 50 ft (2.5 ATA), 1 MIN AT 320 FT (10.7 ATA), and 2 min at 700 ft (22 ATA). Hypo ...
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