Scholars@Duke
Sidney Arthur Simon

Sidney Arthur Simon

Professor Emeritus of Neurobiology
Neurobiology
sas@neuro.duke.edu
Box 3209, Durham, NC 27710
Bryan Research Building, 311 Research Drive Room 327C, Durham, NC 27710

Selected Publications

Physiology of Taste Processing in the Tongue, Gut, and Brain.

Journal Article Compr Physiol · September 23, 2021 The gustatory system detects and informs us about the nature of various chemicals we put in our mouth. Some of these have nutritive value (sugars, amino acids, salts, and fats) and are appetitive and avidly ingested, whereas others (atropine, quinine, nico ... Full text Link to item Cite

The neuroscience of sugars in taste, gut-reward, feeding circuits, and obesity.

Journal Article Cell Mol Life Sci · September 2020 Throughout the animal kingdom sucrose is one of the most palatable and preferred tastants. From an evolutionary perspective, this is not surprising as it is a primary source of energy. However, its overconsumption can result in obesity and an associated co ... Full text Link to item Cite

Behavioral Disassociation of Perceived Sweet Taste Intensity and Hedonically Positive Palatability.

Journal Article eNeuro · 2020 The intensity of sucrose (its perceived concentration) and its palatability (positive hedonic valence associated with ingestion) are two taste attributes that increase its attractiveness and overconsumption. Although both sensory attributes covary, in that ... Full text Link to item Cite

Oral thermosensing by murine trigeminal neurons: modulation by capsaicin, menthol and mustard oil.

Journal Article J Physiol · April 2019 KEY POINTS: Orosensory thermal trigeminal afferent neurons respond to cool, warm, and nociceptive hot temperatures with the majority activated in the cool range. Many of these thermosensitive trigeminal orosensory afferent neurons also respond to capsaicin ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sucrose intensity coding and decision-making in rat gustatory cortices.

Journal Article Elife · November 19, 2018 Sucrose's sweet intensity is one attribute contributing to the overconsumption of high-energy palatable foods. However, it is not known how sucrose intensity is encoded and used to make perceptual decisions by neurons in taste-sensitive cortices. We traine ... Full text Link to item Cite

TRPV1 channels and the progesterone receptor Sig-1R interact to regulate pain.

Journal Article Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · February 13, 2018 The Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) ion channel is expressed in nociceptors where, when activated by chemical or thermal stimuli, it functions as an important transducer of painful and itch-related stimuli. Although the interaction of TRPV ... Full text Link to item Cite

Encoding of Sucrose's Palatability in the Nucleus Accumbens Shell and Its Modulation by Exteroceptive Auditory Cues.

Journal Article Front Neurosci · 2018 Although the palatability of sucrose is the primary reason for why it is over consumed, it is not well understood how it is encoded in the nucleus accumbens shell (NAcSh), a brain region involved in reward, feeding, and sensory/motor transformations. Simil ... Full text Link to item Cite

TRP channels at the periphery of the taste and trigeminal systems

Chapter · January 1, 2017 The mammalian taste system consists of taste buds, which are groups of 50-100 taste cells that are found throughout the oral cavity. On the tongue, which is the focus of this chapter, taste buds are located on circumvallate, foliate, and fungiform papillae ... Full text Cite

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Activation of Glutamatergic Fibers in the Anterior NAc Shell Modulates Reward Activity in the aNAcSh, the Lateral Hypothalamus, and Medial Prefrontal Cortex and Transiently Stops Feeding.

Journal Article J Neurosci · December 14, 2016 UNLABELLED: Although the release of mesoaccumbal dopamine is certainly involved in rewarding responses, recent studies point to the importance of the interaction between it and glutamate. One important component of this network is the anterior nucleus accu ... Full text Link to item Cite

Inhibition of TRPV1 channels by a naturally occurring omega-9 fatty acid reduces pain and itch.

Journal Article Nat Commun · October 10, 2016 The transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) ion channel is mainly found in primary nociceptive afferents whose activity has been linked to pathophysiological conditions including pain, itch and inflammation. Consequently, it is important to identi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Editorial: All 3 types of glial cells are important for memory formation

Journal Article Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience · September 27, 2016 Full text Cite

Small molecule dual-inhibitors of TRPV4 and TRPA1 for attenuation of inflammation and pain.

Journal Article Sci Rep · June 1, 2016 TRPV4 ion channels represent osmo-mechano-TRP channels with pleiotropic function and wide-spread expression. One of the critical functions of TRPV4 in this spectrum is its involvement in pain and inflammation. However, few small-molecule inhibitors of TRPV ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

The efficacy of the appetite suppressant, diethylpropion, is dependent on both when it is given (day vs. night) and under conditions of high fat dietary restriction.

Journal Article Appetite · May 1, 2016 Obesity is a public health problem caused by excessive consumption of high caloric diets and/or lack of physical activity. Although treatments for obesity include low caloric diets and exercise programs, these activities frequently are supplemented with ap ... Full text Link to item Cite

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Inhibition of TRPV1 by an Unsaturated Fatty Acid

Conference Biophysical Journal · February 2016 Full text Cite

D1 and D2 antagonists reverse the effects of appetite suppressants on weight loss, food intake, locomotion, and rebalance spiking inhibition in the rat NAc shell.

Journal Article J Neurophysiol · July 2015 Obesity is a worldwide health problem that has reached epidemic proportions. To ameliorate this problem, one approach is the use of appetite suppressants. These compounds are frequently amphetamine congeners such as diethylpropion (DEP), phentermine (PHEN) ... Full text Link to item Cite

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Steroidal Molecules as Possible Regulators of TRPV1 Channels

Conference Biophysical Journal · January 2014 Full text Cite

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Speed and accuracy of taste identification and palatability: impact of learning, reward expectancy, and consummatory licking.

Journal Article Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol · August 1, 2013 Despite decades of study, it remains a matter of controversy as to whether in rats taste identification is a rapid process that occurs in about 250-600 ms (one to three licks) or a slow process that evolves over seconds. To address this issue, we trained r ... Full text Link to item Cite

The role of endogenous molecules in modulating pain through transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1).

Journal Article J Physiol · July 1, 2013 Pain is a physiological response to a noxious stimulus that decreases the quality of life of those sufferring from it. Research aimed at finding new therapeutic targets for the treatment of several maladies, including pain, has led to the discovery of nume ... Full text Link to item Cite

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Transitions between sleep and feeding states in rat ventral striatum neurons.

Journal Article J Neurophysiol · September 2012 Neurons in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) have been shown to participate in several behavioral states, including feeding and sleep. However, it is not known if the same neuron participates in both states and, if so, how similar are the responses. In addition, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Appetitive changes during salt deprivation are paralleled by widespread neuronal adaptations in nucleus accumbens, lateral hypothalamus, and central amygdala.

Journal Article J Neurophysiol · August 2012 Salt appetite is a goal-directed behavior in which salt-deprived animals ingest high salt concentrations that they otherwise find aversive. Because forebrain areas such as the lateral hypothalamus (LH), central amygdala (CeA), and nucleus accumbens (NAc) a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Distinct neural ensembles in the rat gustatory cortex encode salt and water tastes.

Journal Article J Physiol · July 1, 2012 The gustatory cortex (GC) is important for perceiving the intensity of tastants but it remains unclear as to how single neurons in the region carry out this function. Previous studies have shown that taste-evoked activity from single neurons in GC can be c ... Full text Link to item Cite

Frontiers in neuroscience

Chapter · April 26, 2012 Cite

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Neurobiology of Depression

Book · September 9, 2011 Major depressive disorders have recently been associated with impairments in signaling pathways that regulate neuroplasticity and cell survival. Agents designed to directly target molecules in these pathways hold promise as new therapeutics for depression. ... Cite

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Identification of a binding motif in the S5 helix that confers cholesterol sensitivity to the TRPV1 ion channel.

Journal Article J Biol Chem · July 15, 2011 The TRPV1 ion channel serves as an integrator of noxious stimuli with its activation linked to pain and neurogenic inflammation. Cholesterol, a major component of cell membranes, modifies the function of several types of ion channels. Here, using measureme ... Full text Link to item Cite

Chemosensory processing in the taste - reward pathway.

Journal Article Flavour Fragr J · July 1, 2011 Although the act of eating is voluntary, its initiation depends on several factors including its taste and the animal's internal state as related to hunger or satiety. These factors together with the food's hedonic value will determine whether food will be ... Full text Link to item Cite

TRPV4-mediated calcium influx into human bronchial epithelia upon exposure to diesel exhaust particles.

Journal Article Environ Health Perspect · June 2011 BACKGROUND: Human respiratory epithelia function in airway mucociliary clearance and barrier function and have recently been implicated in sensory functions. OBJECTIVE: We investigated a link between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) pathogenesi ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Intravascular food reward.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2011 Consumption of calorie-containing sugars elicits appetitive behavioral responses and dopamine release in the ventral striatum, even in the absence of sweet-taste transduction machinery. However, it is unclear if such reward-related postingestive effects re ... Full text Link to item Cite

Gustatory and reward brain circuits in the control of food intake.

Journal Article Adv Tech Stand Neurosurg · 2011 Gustation is a multisensory process allowing for the selection of nutrients and the rejection of irritating and/or toxic compounds. Since obesity is a highly prevalent condition that is critically dependent on food intake and energy expenditure, a deeper u ... Full text Link to item Cite

Coding in the mammalian gustatory system.

Journal Article Trends Neurosci · July 2010 To understand gustatory physiology and associated dysfunctions it is important to know how oral taste stimuli are encoded both in the periphery and in taste-related brain centres. The identification of distinct taste receptors, together with electrophysiol ... Full text Link to item Cite

The emergence of gonadal hormone influences on dopaminergic function during puberty.

Journal Article Horm Behav · June 2010 Adolescence is the developmental epoch during which children become adults-intellectually, physically, hormonally and socially. Brain development in critical areas is ongoing. Adolescents are risk-taking and novelty-seeking and they weigh positive experien ... Full text Link to item Cite

Licking-induced synchrony in the taste-reward circuit improves cue discrimination during learning.

Journal Article J Neurosci · January 6, 2010 Animals learn which foods to ingest and which to avoid. Despite many studies, the electrophysiological correlates underlying this behavior at the gustatory-reward circuit level remain poorly understood. For this reason, we measured the simultaneous electri ... Full text Link to item Cite

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Book · January 1, 2010 Full text Cite

Ion channels in analgesia research.

Journal Article Methods Mol Biol · 2010 Several recent techniques have allowed us to pinpoint the receptors responsible for the detection of nociceptive stimuli. Among these receptors, ion channels play a fundamental role in the recognition and transduction of stimuli that can cause pain. During ... Full text Link to item Cite

Merging of the senses

Journal Article Frontiers in Neuroscience · December 1, 2009 Full text Cite

Taste-guided decisions differentially engage neuronal ensembles across gustatory cortices.

Journal Article J Neurosci · September 9, 2009 Much remains to be understood about the differential contributions from primary and secondary sensory cortices to sensory-guided decision making. To address this issue we simultaneously recorded activity from neuronal ensembles in primary [gustatory cortex ... Full text Link to item Cite

Compounds from Sichuan and Melegueta peppers activate, covalently and non-covalently, TRPA1 and TRPV1 channels.

Journal Article Br J Pharmacol · August 2009 BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Oily extracts of Sichuan and Melegueta peppers evoke pungent sensations mediated by different alkylamides [mainly hydroxy-alpha-sanshool (alpha-SOH)] and hydroxyarylalkanones (6-shogaol and 6-paradol). We assessed how transient rece ... Full text Link to item Cite

The gustatory cortex and multisensory integration.

Journal Article Int J Obes (Lond) · June 2009 The central gustatory pathways are part of the brain circuits upon which rest the decision to ingest or reject a food. The quality of food stimuli, however, relies not only on their taste but also on properties such as odor, texture and temperature. We wil ... Full text Link to item Cite

Diesel exhaust particles activate the matrix-metalloproteinase-1 gene in human bronchial epithelia in a beta-arrestin-dependent manner via activation of RAS.

Journal Article Environ Health Perspect · March 2009 BACKGROUND: Diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) are globally relevant air pollutants that exert a detrimental human health impact. However, mechanisms of damage by DEP exposure to human respiratory health and human susceptibility factors are only partially kno ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Artificial Sweeteners and Metallic Taste: Role of TRP Channel

Journal Article CHEMICAL SENSES · March 1, 2009 Link to item Cite

Sensory attributes of complex tasting divalent salts are mediated by TRPM5 and TRPV1 channels.

Journal Article J Neurosci · February 25, 2009 Complex tasting divalent salts (CTDS) are present in our daily diet, contributing to multiple poorly understood taste sensations. CTDS evoking metallic, bitter, salty, and astringent sensations include the divalent salts of iron, zinc, copper, and magnesiu ... Full text Link to item Cite

Nicotine activates TRPM5-dependent and independent taste pathways.

Journal Article Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · February 3, 2009 The orosensory responses elicited by nicotine are relevant for the development and maintenance of addiction to tobacco products. However, although nicotine is described as bitter tasting, the molecular and neural substrates encoding the taste of nicotine a ... Full text Link to item Cite

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The capsaicin receptor participates in artificial sweetener aversion.

Journal Article Biochem Biophys Res Commun · November 28, 2008 Artificial sweeteners such as saccharin, aspartame, acesulfame-K, and cyclamate produce at high concentrations an unpleasant after-taste that is generally attributed to bitter and metallic taste sensations. To identify receptors involved with the complex p ... Full text Link to item Cite

TRPV1: on the road to pain relief.

Journal Article Curr Mol Pharmacol · November 2008 Historically, drug research targeted to pain treatment has focused on trying to prevent the propagation of action potentials in the periphery from reaching the brain rather than pinpointing the molecular basis underlying the initial detection of the nocice ... Full text Link to item Cite

How irritation: The role of TRPA1 in sensing cigarette smoke and aerogenic oxidants in the airways

Journal Article Journal of Clinical Investigation · July 1, 2008 Airway irritants cause a variety of lung pathologies. Two separate studies, the first recently reported in the JCI by Bessac et al. and the second reported by AndrĆØ et al. in the current issue of the JCI (see the related article beginning on page 2574), ha ... Full text Cite

How irritating: the role of TRPA1 in sensing cigarette smoke and aerogenic oxidants in the airways.

Journal Article J Clin Invest · July 2008 Airway irritants cause a variety of lung pathologies. Two separate studies, the first recently reported in the JCI by Bessac et al. and the second reported by AndrĆØ et al. in the current issue of the JCI (see the related article beginning on page 2574), ha ... Full text Link to item Cite

Elasticity, strength, and water permeability of bilayers that contain raft microdomain-forming lipids.

Journal Article Biophys J · June 2008 Bilayers composed of phosphatidylcholine (PC), sphingomyelin (SM), and cholesterol (CHOL) are commonly used as systems to model the raft-lipid domain structure believed to compartmentalize particular cell membrane proteins. In this work, micropipette aspir ... Full text Link to item Cite

Multisensory Processing of Gustatory Stimuli.

Conference Chemosens Percept · June 2008 Gustatory perception is inherently multimodal, since approximately the same time that intra-oral stimuli activate taste receptors, somatosensory information is concurrently sent to the CNS. We review evidence that gustatory perception is intrinsically link ... Full text Link to item Cite

Food reward in the absence of taste receptor signaling.

Journal Article Neuron · March 27, 2008 Food palatability and hedonic value play central roles in nutrient intake. However, postingestive effects can influence food preferences independently of palatability, although the neurobiological bases of such mechanisms remain poorly understood. Of centr ... Full text Link to item Cite

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Role of GAP-43 in sequestering phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate to Raft bilayers.

Journal Article Biophys J · January 1, 2008 The lipid phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP(2)) is critical for a number of physiological functions, and its presence in membrane microdomains (rafts) appears to be important for several of these spatially localized events. However, lipids like PI ... Full text Link to item Cite

Behavioral and neural responses to gustatory stimuli delivered non-contingently through intra-oral cannulas.

Journal Article Physiol Behav · November 23, 2007 The act of eating requires a decision by an animal to place food in its mouth. The reasons to eat are varied and include hunger as well as the food's expected reward value. Previous studies of tastant processing in the rat primary gustatory cortex (GC) hav ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ensembles of gustatory cortical neurons anticipate and discriminate between tastants in a single lick.

Journal Article Front Neurosci · November 2007 The gustatory cortex (GC) processes chemosensory and somatosensory information and is involved in learning and anticipation. Previously we found that a subpopulation of GC neurons responded to tastants in a single lick (Stapleton et al., 2006). Here we ext ... Full text Link to item Cite

AGFD 61-Multisensory processing in the gustatory system

Conference ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY · August 19, 2007 Link to item Cite

Artificial sweeteners and salts producing a metallic taste sensation activate TRPV1 receptors.

Journal Article Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol · August 2007 Throughout the world many people use artificial sweeteners (AS) for the purpose of reducing caloric intake. The most prominently used of these molecules include saccharin, aspartame (Nutrasweet), acesulfame-K, and cyclamate. Despite the caloric advantage t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dopamine levels modulate the updating of tastant values.

Journal Article Genes Brain Behav · June 2007 To survive, animals must constantly update the internal value of stimuli they encounter; a process referred to as incentive learning. Although there have been many studies investigating whether dopamine is necessary for reward, or for the association betwe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cortical responses to the post-ingestive effects of sucrose in TRPM5-/- mice

Conference INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY · May 1, 2007 Link to item Cite

Changes in osmolality sensitize the response to capsaicin in trigeminal sensory neurons.

Journal Article J Neurophysiol · March 2007 Changes in tonicity in the peripheral nervous system can activate nociceptors and produce pain. Under local inflammatory conditions the peripheral terminals of nociceptors are subject to deviations from isotonicity. Previously it was shown that several mem ... Full text Link to item Cite

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Neural ensemble recordings from central gustatory-reward pathways in awake and behaving animals

Chapter · January 1, 2007 The mammalian gustatory system participates in the detection and discrimination of intraoral stimuli, allowing for the selection of nutrients and rejection of toxic compounds. However, the sensory percept of a substance that is placed in the mouth does not ... Cite

Evolution of gustation

Journal Article · January 1, 2007 The evolutionary success of most mammalian species results in part from their ability to efficiently select nutrients in order to maintain energy, fluid and temperature homeostasis. It is shown that efficient ingestive behavior depends on several structure ... Full text Cite

Mechanosensitivity of gramicidin A channels in bulged bilayer membranes at constant tension

Journal Article Biophysics · December 1, 2006 Mechanoelectrical transduction in gramicidin A channels was studied in macroscopic planar lipid bilayer membranes bulged at constant tension. We found a supralinear increase in the single channel activity that was proportional to the square of membrane rad ... Full text Cite

The neural mechanisms of gustation: a distributed processing code.

Journal Article Nat Rev Neurosci · November 2006 Whenever food is placed in the mouth, taste receptors are stimulated. Simultaneously, different types of sensory fibre that monitor several food attributes such as texture, temperature and odour are activated. Here, we evaluate taste and oral somatosensory ... Full text Link to item Cite

Role of membrane curvature in mechanoelectrical transduction: ion carriers nonactin and valinomycin sense changes in integral bending energy.

Journal Article Biochim Biophys Acta · November 2006 We describe the phenomenon of mechanoelectrical transduction in macroscopic lipid bilayer membranes modified by two cation-selective ionophores, valinomycin and nonactin. We found that bulging these membranes, while maintaining the membrane tension constan ... Full text Link to item Cite

Conical electron tomography of a chemical synapse: vesicles docked to the active zone are hemi-fused.

Journal Article Biophys J · October 15, 2006 We have used thin sectioning and conical electron tomography to determine the three-dimensional structure of synaptic vesicles that were associated (docked) at release sites of the presynaptic membrane, called active-zones. Vesicles docked at the active zo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Neural ensemble coding of satiety states.

Journal Article Neuron · August 17, 2006 The motivation to start or terminate a meal involves the continual updating of information on current body status by central gustatory and reward systems. Previous electrophysiological and neuroimaging investigations revealed region-specific decreases in a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Rapid taste responses in the gustatory cortex during licking.

Journal Article J Neurosci · April 12, 2006 Rapid tastant detection is necessary to prevent the ingestion of potentially poisonous compounds. Behavioral studies have shown that rats can identify tastants in approximately 200 ms, although the electrophysiological correlates for fast tastant detection ... Full text Link to item Cite

Chronic IL-1beta signaling potentiates voltage-dependent sodium currents in trigeminal nociceptive neurons.

Journal Article J Neurophysiol · March 2006 The proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) mediates inflammation and hyperalgesia, although the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. To better understand such molecular and cellular mechanisms, we investigated how IL-1beta modulates the tot ... Full text Link to item Cite

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Roles of bilayer material properties in function and distribution of membrane proteins.

Journal Article Annu Rev Biophys Biomol Struct · 2006 Structural, compositional, and material (elastic) properties of lipid bilayers exert strong influences on the interactions of water-soluble proteins and peptides with membranes, the distribution of transmembrane proteins in the plane of the membrane, and t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Orbitofrontal ensemble activity monitors licking and distinguishes among natural rewards.

Journal Article J Neurophysiol · January 2006 The classification of rhythmic licking into clusters has proved to be useful for characterizing brain mechanisms that modulate the ingestion of natural rewards (sucrose and water). One cortical area that is responsive to rewarding stimuli is the orbitofron ... Full text Link to item Cite

The salty and burning taste of capsaicin.

Journal Article J Gen Physiol · June 2005 Full text Link to item Cite

TRPV1b, a functional human vanilloid receptor splice variant.

Journal Article Mol Pharmacol · April 2005 Transient receptor potential (TRP) genes encode a family of related ion-channel subunits. This family consists of cation-selective, calcium-permeable channels that include a group of vanilloid receptor channels (TRPV) implicated in pain and inflammation. T ... Full text Link to item Cite

Melittin-induced bilayer leakage depends on lipid material properties: evidence for toroidal pores.

Journal Article Biophys J · March 2005 The membrane-lytic peptide melittin has previously been shown to form pores in lipid bilayers that have been described in terms of two different structural models. In the "barrel stave" model the bilayer remains more or less flat, with the peptides penetra ... Full text Link to item Cite

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Book · January 1, 2005 Cite

The protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor, genistein, decreases excitability of nociceptive neurons.

Journal Article Pain · November 2004 Featured Publication One mechanism by which neurons regulate their excitability is through ion channel phosphorylation. Compounds that increase nociceptive neuron excitability can cause hyperalgesia or allodynia whereas compounds that decrease nociceptive neuron excitability c ... Full text Link to item Cite

Voltage-gated ion channels in nociceptors: modulation by cGMP.

Journal Article J Neurophysiol · October 2004 Featured Publication In tissue or nerve injury, proinflammatory mediators are released that can modulate a variety of ion channels found in nociceptors. The changes in channel activity, which primarily occurs through changes in intracellular pathways, may lead to the pathologi ... Full text Link to item Cite

A possible role for TRPV4 receptors in asthma.

Journal Article Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol · August 2004 Featured Publication Full text Link to item Cite

Nicotine inhibits voltage-dependent sodium channels and sensitizes vanilloid receptors.

Journal Article J Neurophysiol · April 2004 Nicotine is an alkaloid that is used by large numbers of people. When taken into the body, it produces a myriad of physiological actions that occur primarily through the activation of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). We have explored it ... Full text Link to item Cite

TRPV1 receptors mediate particulate matter-induced apoptosis.

Journal Article Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol · March 2004 Exposure to airborne particulate matter (PM) is a world-wide health problem mainly because it produces adverse cardiovascular and respiratory effects that frequently result in morbidity. Despite many years of epidemiological and basic research, the mechani ... Full text Link to item Cite

Vanilloid receptor activation by 2- and 10-microm particles induces responses leading to apoptosis in human airway epithelial cells.

Journal Article Toxicol Appl Pharmacol · October 1, 2003 Exposure to airborne particulate matter (PM) is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. It has been previously shown that PMs and synthetic particles (PC10 and PC2) that have similar characteristics to PMs induced depolarizing currents and incre ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sorting of lipids and transmembrane peptides between detergent-soluble bilayers and detergent-resistant rafts.

Journal Article Biophys J · September 2003 Specific proteins and lipids sequester to regions of cell membranes called rafts. Due to their high content of sphingomyelin (SM) and cholesterol, raft bilayers are thicker than nonraft bilayers and, at least at 4 degrees C, are resistant to Triton X-100 e ... Full text Link to item Cite

Neuropeptides modulate rat chorda tympani responses.

Journal Article Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol · June 2003 The neuropeptide leptin has been shown to selectively modulate rat chorda tympani (CT) responses to sweet tastants. To explore whether other neuropeptides can modulate such responses, rat whole nerve CT responses to NaCl, HCl, quinine HCl, and sucrose were ... Full text Link to item Cite

Modulation of IA currents by capsaicin in rat trigeminal ganglion neurons.

Journal Article J Neurophysiol · March 2003 When capsaicin, the pungent compound in hot pepper, is applied to epithelia it produces pain, allodynia, and hyperalgesia. We investigated, using whole cell path clamp, whether some of these responses induced by capsaicin could be a consequence of capsaici ... Full text Link to item Cite

Negatively charged 2- and 10-microm particles activate vanilloid receptors, increase cAMP, and induce cytokine release.

Journal Article Toxicol Appl Pharmacol · January 15, 2003 Exposure to airborne pollutants, such as particulate matter (PM), is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. Indirect evidence suggested that PM-induced responses could be initiated by the activation of proton-gated receptors, including vanilloi ... Full text Link to item Cite

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Book · January 1, 2003 Cite

Bilayer interfacial properties modulate the binding of amphipathic peptides.

Journal Article Chem Phys Lipids · January 2003 The free energy of transfer (DeltaG degrees ) from water to lipid bilayers was measured for two amphipathic peptides, the presequence of the mitochondrial peptide rhodanese (MPR) and melittin. Experiments were designed to determine the effects on peptide p ... Full text Link to item Cite

Gustatory processing is dynamic and distributed.

Journal Article Curr Opin Neurobiol · August 2002 The process of gustatory coding consists of neural responses that provide information about the quantity and quality of food, its generalized sensation, its hedonic value, and whether it should be swallowed. Many of the models presently used to analyze gus ... Full text Link to item Cite

Taste-specific neuronal ensembles in the gustatory cortex of awake rats.

Journal Article J Neurosci · March 1, 2002 In gustatory cortex, single-neuron activity reflects the multimodal processing of taste stimuli. Little is known, however, about the interactions between gustatory cortical (GC) neurons during tastant processing. Here, these interactions were characterized ... Full text Link to item Cite

Structure, composition, and peptide binding properties of detergent soluble bilayers and detergent resistant rafts.

Journal Article Biophys J · March 2002 Lipid bilayers composed of unsaturated phosphatidylcholine (PC), sphingomyelin (SM), and cholesterol are thought to contain microdomains that have similar detergent insolubility characteristics as rafts isolated from cell plasma membranes. We chemically ch ... Full text Link to item Cite

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Book · January 1, 2002 Cite

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The energetics of peptide-lipid interactions: Modulation by interfacial dipoles and cholesterol

Journal Article Current Topics in Membranes · January 1, 2002 The goal of this work is to determine how specific compositional, structural, and mechanical properties of the lipid bilayer modulate the membrane binding and conformation of a biologically significant peptide, the signal sequence of the bacterial protein ... Full text Cite

Acidic stimuli activates two distinct pathways in taste receptor cells from rat fungiform papillae.

Journal Article Brain Res · December 27, 2001 A sour taste sensation may be produced when acidic stimuli interact with taste receptor cells (TRCs) on the dorsal surface of the tongue. We have searched for pathways in TRCs that may be activated by acidic stimuli using RT-PCR and changes in intracellula ... Full text Link to item Cite

The energetics of binding of a signal peptide to lipid bilayers: the role of bilayer properties.

Journal Article Biochem Soc Trans · August 2001 The interactions between a signal peptide and a variety of lipid bilayers have been studied with direct binding assays, CD and isothermal titration calorimetry. We find that the binding of this peptide is influenced by charges and dipoles located in the bi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dynamic and multimodal responses of gustatory cortical neurons in awake rats.

Journal Article J Neurosci · June 15, 2001 To investigate the dynamic aspects of gustatory activity, we recorded the responses of small ensembles of cortical neurons to tastants administered to awake rats. Multiple trials of each tastant were delivered during recordings made in oral somatosensory ( ... Full text Link to item Cite

Capsaicin inhibits activation of voltage-gated sodium currents in capsaicin-sensitive trigeminal ganglion neurons.

Journal Article J Neurophysiol · February 2001 Capsaicin, the pungent ingredient in hot pepper, activates nociceptors to produce pain and inflammation. However, repeated exposures of capsaicin will cause desensitization to nociceptive stimuli. In cultured trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons, we investigat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Nicotinic receptors in the periphery

Chapter · January 1, 2001 Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) belong to the ligand-gated ion channel receptor superfamily: nAChRs are composed of 5 subunits arranged to form an integral ion channel that can open upon binding the neurotransmitter, ACh, or exogenous ligands, s ... Cite

The activation mechanism of rat vanilloid receptor 1 by capsaicin involves the pore domain and differs from the activation by either acid or heat.

Journal Article Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · December 5, 2000 The recently cloned rat vanilloid receptor, VR1, can be activated by capsaicin, acid, and heat. To determine the molecular mechanisms facilitating channel opening in response to these stimuli, VR1 and six channels containing charge neutralization point mut ... Full text Link to item Cite

Vanilloid (capsaicin) receptors influence inflammatory sensitivity in response to particulate matter.

Journal Article Toxicol Appl Pharmacol · November 15, 2000 The signs of airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness that occur in animals exposed to air pollutants are often strain- and species-specific. To investigate the underlying causes of this phenomenon, BALB/c and C57bl/6 mice were exposed intratracheally t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Alkali earth metal binding properties of ionic microgels

Journal Article Macromolecules · May 30, 2000 Spherical micron-sized (4-10 Ī¼m in diameter) poly(methacrylic acid-co-acrylic acid) microgels were synthesized by precipitation polymerization, and their chelation reactions with chloride salts of Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, and Ba2+ were investigated by isothermal ... Full text Cite

Capsaicin, acid and heat-evoked currents in rat trigeminal ganglion neurons: relationship to functional VR1 receptors.

Journal Article Physiol Behav · May 2000 Activation of primary trigeminal (TG) neurons by protons, capsaicin, or heat can evoke a variety of sensations, including tingling, stinging, warmth, and burning. Capsaicin and acid are trigeminal stimulants that are important in gustatory physiology. Thes ... Full text Link to item Cite

Different responses to repeated applications of zingerone in behavioral studies, recordings from intact and cultured TG neurons, and from VR1 receptors.

Journal Article Physiol Behav · April 1, 2000 When applied repetitively to the cornea, capsaicin, the pungent compound in hot pepper, causes an initial eye-wiping response that diminishes upon repeated exposure (tachyphylaxis). This diminution, however, is not observed upon repetitive application of i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Residual oil fly ash and charged polymers activate epithelial cells and nociceptive sensory neurons.

Journal Article Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol · April 2000 Residual oil fly ash (ROFA) is an industrial pollutant that contains metals, acids, and unknown materials complexed to a particulate core. The heterogeneous composition of ROFA hampers finding the mechanism(s) by which it and other particulate pollutants c ... Full text Link to item Cite

Series Preface

Book · January 1, 2000 Cite

Synthesis, structure, and thermal properties of 1,2-dipalmitoylgalloylglycerol (DPGG), a novel self-adhering lipid.

Journal Article Chem Phys Lipids · January 2000 A novel diacyl glycerol-based lipid with a polyphenolic head group has been synthesized and characterized. X-ray diffraction experiments show that this lipid, 1,2-dipalmitoylgalloylglycerol (DPGG), hydrates to form gel phase bilayers at 20 degrees C with e ... Full text Link to item Cite

Nutrient tasting and signaling mechanisms in the gut. IV. There is more to taste than meets the tongue.

Journal Article Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol · January 2000 The tongue is the principal organ that provides sensory information about the quality and quantity of chemicals in food. Other information about the temperature and texture of food is also transduced on the tongue, via extragemmal receptors that form branc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Investigation of the swelling response and drug loading of ionic microgels: The dependence on functional group composition

Journal Article Macromolecules · December 28, 1999 Spherical micron-sized (4-7 Ī¼m diameter) poly(methacrylic acid-co-nitrophenyl acrylate) microgels were synthesized by precipitation polymerization and selectively derivatized with carboxylic acid, glutamic acid, hydroxamic acid, sulfonic acid, and ethanol ... Full text Cite

Neuropeptides and capsaicin stimulate the release of inflammatory cytokines in a human bronchial epithelial cell line.

Journal Article Neuropeptides · December 1999 The role of neuropeptides in initiating and modulating airway inflammation was examined in a human bronchial epithelial cell line (i.e. BEAS-2B). At a range of concentrations, exposure of BEAS-2B cells to Substance P (SP) or calcitonin gene related protein ... Full text Link to item Cite

Simultaneous reorganization in thalamocortical ensembles evolves over several hours after perioral capsaicin injections.

Journal Article J Neurophysiol · August 1999 Reorganization of the somatosensory system was quantified by simultaneously recording from single-unit neural ensembles in the whisker regions of the ventral posterior medial (VPM) nucleus of the thalamus and the primary somatosensory (SI) cortex in anesth ... Full text Link to item Cite

Investigation of the swelling response and loading of ionic microgels with drugs and proteins: the dependence on cross-link density

Journal Article Macromolecules · July 27, 1999 The pH and NaCl induced swelling response and drug and protein loading of poly(methacrylic acid-co-acrylic acid) microgels (4-10 Ī¼m diameter) were measured as a function of cross-link density. The swelling ratio (Q) of the microgels increased linearly from ... Full text Cite

Orientation of LamB signal peptides in bilayers: influence of lipid probes on peptide binding and interpretation of fluorescence quenching data.

Journal Article Biochemistry · June 8, 1999 The orientation in lipid bilayers of the signal sequence of the bacterial protein LamB was studied using binding, circular dichroism, and fluorescence quenching experiments. Measurements were made of binding modifications caused by the incorporation of lip ... Full text Link to item Cite

Membrane fusion promoters and inhibitors have contrasting effects on lipid bilayer structure and undulations.

Journal Article Biophys J · April 1999 It has been established that the fusion of both biological membranes and phospholipid bilayers can be modulated by altering their lipid composition (Chernomordik et al., 1995 .J. Membr. Biol. 146:3). In particular, when added exogenously between apposing m ... Full text Link to item Cite

Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in rat trigeminal ganglia.

Journal Article Brain Res · November 2, 1998 The application of nicotine to the various epithelia served by the trigeminal nerve produces irritation and/or pain by activating neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (NnAChRS) in sensory neurons. In this study the NnAChRs were identified in rat trig ... Full text Link to item Cite

The influence of removing extracellular Ca2+ in the desensitization responses to capsaicin, zingerone and olvanil in rat trigeminal ganglion neurons.

Journal Article Brain Res · November 2, 1998 Desensitization is a process that describes the diminishing effect of a drug upon repeated applications. In regard to capsaicin, the pungent compound in hot pepper, it is well established that removal of extracellular calcium markedly diminishes desensitiz ... Full text Link to item Cite

Modulation of the binding of signal peptides to lipid bilayers by dipoles near the hydrocarbon-water interface.

Journal Article Biochemistry · September 1, 1998 Interactions between signal (leader) sequences and membranes are critical to protein insertion and translocation across membranes. In this paper, circular dichroism, tryptophan fluorescence, electrophoretic mobility, dipole potential, and binding measureme ... Full text Link to item Cite

pH and Ion-Triggered Volume Response of Anionic Hydrogel Microspheres.

Journal Article Macromolecules · July 28, 1998 Micrometer-sized (4-7 Āµm diameter) poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) hydrogel microspheres were synthesized by precipitation polymerization. Individual microspheres were held in a micropipet and visualized by interference contrast microscopy. They were charact ... Full text Link to item Cite

A non-pungent resiniferatoxin analogue, phorbol 12-phenylacetate 13 acetate 20-homovanillate, reveals vanilloid receptor subtypes on rat trigeminal ganglion neurons.

Journal Article Neuroscience · May 1998 Capsaicin, the vanilloid responsible for the pungent taste of hot peppers, binds to receptors found primarily in polymodal nociceptors. Capsaicin initially stimulates polymodal nociceptors and subsequently inhibits them from responding to a variety of stim ... Full text Link to item Cite

Responses of cultured rat trigeminal ganglion neurons to bitter tastants.

Journal Article Chem Senses · April 1998 The initial steps in taste and olfaction result from the activation by chemical stimuli of taste receptor cells (TRCs) and olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). In parallel with these two pathways is the chemosensitive trigeminal pathway whose neurons termina ... Full text Link to item Cite

Adsorption, molecular exchange and defect formation in membranes

Journal Article Current Opinion in Colloid and Interface Science · January 1, 1998 The past year has seen significant advances in our understanding of the key factors involved in determining whether a macromolecule or colloidal particle can reach, bind to, and absorb into lipid bilayer membranes. The highlights include the need to combin ... Full text Cite

The responses of rat trigeminal ganglion neurons to capsaicin and two nonpungent vanilloid receptor agonists, olvanil and glyceryl nonamide.

Journal Article J Neurosci · June 1, 1997 Capsaicin, the pungent ingredient in hot pepper, activates and subsequently desensitizes a subset of polymodal nociceptors. Because its initial application to skin produces pain, nonpungent analogs such as olvanil and glyceryl nonivamide (GLNVA) were synth ... Full text Link to item Cite

Capsazepine, a vanilloid receptor antagonist, inhibits nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in rat trigeminal ganglia.

Journal Article Neurosci Lett · May 30, 1997 Vanilloid receptors are activated by capsaicin, the pungent ingredient in hot pepper. They are also specifically and competitively inhibited by capsazepine (CPZ). To determine whether CPZ is specific to vanilloid receptors, its effects were tested on the c ... Full text Link to item Cite

Neural responses to bitter compounds in rats.

Journal Article Brain Res · May 9, 1997 To determine whether the idiosyncratic distribution of transduction mechanisms for bitter tastants in rat taste receptor cells (TRCs) could be inferred from the neural activity they evoke, single neuron responses to ten bitter-tasting compounds were record ... Full text Link to item Cite

Experimental tests for thermally-induced fluctuations in lipid bilayers

Journal Article Progress in Colloid and Polymer Science · January 1, 1997 For several years researchers have been investigating the interactions between solvated lipid bilayers. Presently there is some disagreement regarding the range, magnitude, and origin of the long-and short-range repulsive and attractive interactions betwee ... Full text Cite

Freeze-substitution and postembedding immunocytochemistry on rat taste buds: G-proteins, calcitonin gene-related peptide, and choline acetyl transferase

Journal Article Microscopy and Microanalysis · January 1, 1997 We have explored freeze-substitution combined with low-temperature embedding in rat taste buds for postembedding immunocytochemistry. A major difference in taste bud cells that were rapidly frozen without prior chemical fixation and those that were fixed a ... Full text Cite

The interaction of polyphenols with bilayers: conditions for increasing bilayer adhesion.

Journal Article Biophys J · December 1996 Because proteins and other molecules with a high polyphenol content are commonly involved in adhesion processes, we are investigating the interactions between polyphenols and biological materials. A naturally occurring polyphenol that binds a variety of pr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Structure and interactive properties of highly fluorinated phospholipid bilayers.

Journal Article Biophys J · October 1996 Because liposomes containing fluoroalkylated phospholipids are being developed for in vivo drug delivery, the structure and interactive properties of several fluoroalkylated glycerophosphocholines (PCs) were investigated by x-ray diffraction/osmotic stress ... Full text Link to item Cite

Short-range pressures between lipid bilayer membranes

Journal Article Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects · September 30, 1996 For many years a large, short-range repulsive interaction has been observed between a variety of hydrated surlaces. The physical origin of this ubiquitous interaction has been controversial. In the case of lipid bilayers, proposed mechanisms include a hydr ... Full text Cite

Similarities and differences in the currents activated by capsaicin, piperine, and zingerone in rat trigeminal ganglion cells.

Journal Article J Neurophysiol · September 1996 1. Capsaicin, piperine, and zingerone are natural pungent-tasting compounds found in chili pepper, black pepper, and ginger, respectively. These structurally related compounds evoke many of the same physiological responses, but at comparable concentrations ... Full text Link to item Cite

Localization of substance P NK-1 receptors in rat tongue.

Journal Article Regul Pept · July 5, 1996 In rat tongue, neurons containing substance P terminate in connective tissue, in taste buds, and in lingual epithelium surrounding taste buds in fungiform, foliate and circumvallate papillae. Although many functions have been attributed to these neurons, v ... Full text Link to item Cite

Capsaicin and nicotine both activate a subset of rat trigeminal ganglion neurons.

Journal Article Am J Physiol · June 1996 Nicotine and capsaicin produce many similar physiological responses that include pain, irritation, and vasodilation. To determine whether neuronal nicotine acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) are present on capsaicin-sensitive neurons, whole cell patch-clamp r ... Full text Link to item Cite

Capsaicin-induced currents with distinct desensitization and Ca2+ dependence in rat trigeminal ganglion cells.

Journal Article J Neurophysiol · April 1996 1. Whole cell patch-clamp records from cultured rat trigeminal ganglion cells having soma diameters ranging from 20 to 50 microM revealed that capsaicin activated two inward currents and an outward current. At -60 mV, the inward currents could be distingui ... Full text Link to item Cite

Adhesion between phosphatidylethanolamine bilayers

Journal Article Langmuir · March 20, 1996 The goal of this study is to provide additional information on the short-range interactions that determine the adhesion energy between bilayer surfaces. The specific problem concerns the hydration properties of bilayers of the membrane lipid phosphatidylet ... Full text Cite

Capsaicin activated currents in rat dorsal root ganglion cells.

Journal Article Pain · January 1996 Capsaicin is a pungent-tasting compound produced by plants in the Capsium family that activates a subset of primary afferent neurons associated with pain and thermoreception. Previous studies from dorsal root ganglion (DRGs) neurons suggest that many of ca ... Full text Link to item Cite

Temperature dependence of the repulsive pressure between phosphatidylcholine bilayers.

Journal Article Biophys J · October 1995 Bilayer structure and interbilayer repulsive pressure were measured from 5 to 50 degrees C by the osmotic stress/x-ray diffraction method for both gel and liquid crystalline phase lipid bilayers. For gel phase dibehenoylphosphatidylcholine (DBPC) the bilay ... Full text Link to item Cite

Experimental tests for protrusion and undulation pressures in phospholipid bilayers.

Journal Article Biochemistry · July 11, 1995 Theoretical treatments predict that strong entropic pressures between adjacent bilayer membranes can arise from out of plane motions caused by either thermally induced bending undulations of the entire bilayer [Harbich, W., & Helfrich, W. (1984) Chem. Phys ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dye-coupling in three-dimensional histoculture of rat lingual frenulum.

Journal Article In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim · June 1995 A three-dimensional histoculture of wet stratified squamous epithelium of rat lingual frenulum was cultured on a liquid-air interface. The tissue retained its morphology for many days in culture. During this period the vast majority of the epithelial cells ... Full text Link to item Cite

Structure and phase behavior of lipid suspensions containing phospholipids with covalently attached poly(ethylene glycol).

Journal Article Biophys J · May 1995 Liposomes containing phospholipids with covalently attached poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG-lipids) are being developed for in vivo drug delivery. In this paper we determine the structure and phase behavior of fully hydrated distearoylphosphatidylcholine (DSPC) ... Full text Link to item Cite

Modulation of rat chorda tympani nerve activity by lingual nerve stimulation.

Journal Article J Neurophysiol · April 1995 1. A subpopulation of lingual nerve (LN) fibers surround and/or terminate in taste buds in fungiform papillae. One possible function of these fibers is to modulate chorda tympani fiber (CT) or taste responses. To test this hypothesis, the rat LN was stimul ... Full text Link to item Cite

Long- and short-range interactions between phospholipid/ganglioside GM1 bilayers.

Journal Article Biochemistry · August 30, 1994 The structure and interactive properties of liquid-crystalline egg phosphatidylcholine (EPC) bilayers containing the ganglioside GM1 and its uncharged analogue, asialoGM1 (AGM1), have been obtained by X-ray diffraction analysis of osmotically stressed lipo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Increased adhesion between neutral lipid bilayers: interbilayer bridges formed by tannic acid.

Journal Article Biophys J · June 1994 Tannic acid (TA) is a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound that aggregates membranes and neutral phosolipid vesicles and precipitates many proteins. This study analyzes TA binding to lipid membranes and the ensuing aggregation. The optical density of ... Full text Link to item Cite

A rapid capsaicin-activated current in rat trigeminal ganglion neurons.

Journal Article Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · January 18, 1994 A subpopulation of pain fibers are activated by capsaicin, the ingredient in red peppers that produces a burning sensation when eaten or placed on skin. Previous studies on dorsal root ganglion neurons indicated that capsaicin activates sensory nerves via ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hydration and steric pressures between phospholipid bilayers.

Journal Article Annu Rev Biophys Biomol Struct · 1994 Full text Link to item Cite

Transcellular and paracellular pathways in lingual epithelia and their influence in taste transduction.

Journal Article Microsc Res Tech · October 15, 1993 The lingual epithelium is innervated by special sensory (taste) and general sensory (trigeminal) nerves that transmit information about chemical stimuli introduced into the mouth to the higher brain centers. Understanding the cellular mechanisms involved i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Contributions of hydration and steric (entropic) pressures to the interactions between phosphatidylcholine bilayers: experiments with the subgel phase.

Journal Article Biochemistry · August 17, 1993 The total repulsive interaction between electrically neutral, fluid bilayer membranes is thought to have a number of components, including a hydration pressure, due to the reorientation of water by the bilayer, and steric (entropic) pressures due to bilaye ... Full text Link to item Cite

Identification of acetylcholine receptors in adult rat trigeminal ganglion neurons.

Journal Article Brain Res · July 16, 1993 Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) were identified in a subpopulation of cultured adult rat trigeminal ganglia (TG) neurons by whole-cell patch-clamp recordings. Dimethylphenylpiperazinium (DMPP), a nAChR agonist, induced inward currents in 21/68 o ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ion transport across lingual epithelium is modulated by chorda tympani nerve fibers.

Journal Article Brain Res · July 2, 1993 Each chorda tympani (CT) nerve innervates taste cells in fungiform papillae on one side of the anterior two-thirds of mammalian tongues. In this study, three effects of unilateral CT transection were investigated: (1) the persistence of taste cells on the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Selectivity of lingual nerve fibers to chemical stimuli.

Journal Article J Gen Physiol · June 1993 The cell bodies of the lingual branch of the trigeminal nerve were localized in the trigeminal ganglion using extracellular recordings together with horseradish peroxidase labeling from the tongue. Individual lingual nerve fibers were characterized with re ... Full text Link to item Cite

An enthalpic model of anesthesia.

Journal Article Biophys J · April 1993 Full text Link to item Cite

Astringent compounds suppress taste responses in gerbil.

Journal Article Brain Res · November 6, 1992 Astringent tastes are generally considered those that induce long-lasting puckering and drying sensations on the tongue and membranes of the oral cavity. Electrophysiological recordings were made here from the whole chorda tympani nerve in gerbil to unders ... Full text Link to item Cite

Influence of tight junctions on the interaction of salts with lingual epithelia: responses of chorda tympani and lingual nerves.

Journal Article Mol Cell Biochem · September 8, 1992 The role of tight junctions in modulating responses from chorda tympani (taste) and lingual (general sensory) nerves are clarified in regard to their responses to salts. Chorda tympani (CT) responses elicited by organic sodium salts require greater Na+ con ... Full text Link to item Cite

Identification of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in isolated canine lingual epithelia via voltage clamp measurements.

Journal Article Arch Oral Biol · September 1992 Acetylcholine (ACh), muscarine and methacholine all decreased the short-circuit current (Isc) measured across isolated canine lingual epithelia bathed in symmetrical solutions of Krebs-Henseleit buffer when added to the serosal, but not mucosal, solutions. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Astringent-tasting compounds alter ion transport across isolated canine lingual epithelia.

Journal Article Pharmacol Biochem Behav · September 1992 The effects of acid and astringent compounds on ion transport across isolated canine lingual epithelia were measured in an Ussing chamber. Lowering the pH from 7.4 to 3.2 decreases ion transport, as measured by the short-circuit current (Isc), when the dor ... Full text Link to item Cite

Modulation of the interbilayer hydration pressure by the addition of dipoles at the hydrocarbon/water interface.

Journal Article Biophys J · March 1992 The effects of the cholesterol analog 5 alpha-cholestan-3 beta-ol-6-one (6-ketocholestanol) on bilayer structure, bilayer cohesive properties, and interbilayer repulsive pressures have been studied by a combination of x-ray diffraction, pipette aspiration, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Structure and cohesive properties of sphingomyelin/cholesterol bilayers.

Journal Article Biochemistry · February 25, 1992 Thermal, structural, and cohesive measurements have been obtained for both bovine brain sphingomyelin (BSM) and N-tetracosanoylsphingomyelin (C24-SM) in the presence and absence of cholesterol. A goal of these experiments has been to clarify the mechanisms ... Full text Link to item Cite

Interbilayer interactions between sphingomyelin and sphingomyelin/cholesterol bilayers.

Journal Article Biochemistry · February 25, 1992 Pressure versus fluid spacing relations have been obtained for sphingomyelin bilayers in the gel phase and equimolar sphingomyelin/cholesterol in the liquid-crystalline phase by the use of X-ray diffraction analysis of osmotically stressed aqueous dispersi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dynamic and chemical factors affecting water proton relaxation by macromolecules

Journal Article Journal of Magnetic Resonance (1969) · January 1, 1992 Full text Cite

Chorda tympani and lingual nerve responses to astringent compounds in rodents.

Journal Article Physiol Behav · January 1992 A wide variety of compounds in foods and beverages produce astringent sensations when introduced into the oral cavity. There is controversy, however, whether "astringency," with its associated puckering and drying sensations, is a fundamental taste quality ... Full text Link to item Cite

Localization of Na,K-atpase in lingual epithelia

Journal Article Chemical Senses · June 1, 1991 Na,K-ATPase was localized in canine fungiform and circumvallflte papillae by immunocytochemical and histochemical methods. Monoclonal antibodies raised against the Ī±-subunit of Na,K-ATPase showed specific staining in the stratum basale and in the lower lay ... Full text Cite

Surface ripples cause the large fluid spaces between gel phase bilayers containing small amounts of cholesterol.

Journal Article Biochim Biophys Acta · April 26, 1991 Previous studies have found that small concentrations of cholesterol, or several other molecules such as benzene and asialoganglioside, dramatically increase the fluid separation between gel phase phosphatidylcholine bilayers. These observations can not be ... Full text Link to item Cite

The hydration pressure between lipid bilayers. Comparison of measurements using x-ray diffraction and calorimetry.

Journal Article Biophys J · March 1991 The hydration pressure between dipalmitoyl phosphatidyl-N,N-dimethylethanolamine (DPPE-Me2) bilayers has been analyzed by both x-ray diffraction measurements of osmotically stressed liposomes and by differential scanning calorimetry. By the x-ray method, w ... Full text Link to item Cite

Lipid bilayer and water proton magnetization transfer: effect of cholesterol.

Journal Article Magn Reson Med · March 1991 Magnetization transfer between macromolecules and water can be a significant factor contributing to tissue water 1H relaxation. Using saturation transfer techniques, the degree of magnetization transfer between the macromolecular matrix and bulk water 1H c ... Full text Link to item Cite

Tight junctions in taste buds: Possible role in perception of intravascular gustatory stimuli

Journal Article Chemical Senses · February 1, 1991 Exogenous chemicals having low taste thresholds elicit particular tastes when injected into the bloodstream. This phenomenon is called intravascular taste. To explore the origins of intravascular taste we investigated the permeability properties of the par ... Full text Cite

Electrophysiological responses to non-electrolytes in lingual nerve of rat and in lingual epithelia of dog.

Journal Article Arch Oral Biol · 1991 Epithelial and neural mechanisms underlying the trigeminal chemoreception of non-electrolytes were investigated in whole-nerve recordings from lingual nerve and in Ussing-chamber studies of isolated lingual epithelia. The non-electrolytes included menthol, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Trigeminal nerve responses in the rat elicited by chemical stimulation of the tongue.

Journal Article Arch Oral Biol · 1991 Epithelial and neural mechanisms underlying trigeminal chemoreception were investigated by recording lingual nerve responses to chemical stimulation of the tongue. The chloride salts, NaCl, KCl, NH4Cl, and CaCl2, each elicited distinctly different, integra ... Full text Link to item Cite

The anion in salt taste: a possible role for paracellular pathways.

Journal Article Brain Res · December 3, 1990 It is well established from psychophysical and electrophysiological measurements that both Na and Cl contribute to the taste response to NaCl. The contribution of Na to the NaCl response can be studied using amiloride, a drug that inhibits Na transport in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Interactions between charged, uncharged, and zwitterionic bilayers containing phosphatidylglycerol.

Journal Article Biophys J · June 1990 Pressure vs. distance relationships have been obtained for phosphatidylglycerol bilayers, in both charged and uncharged states. Water was removed from the lipid multilayers by the application of osmotic pressures in the range of 0-2.7 x 10(9) dyn/cm2, and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Transport pathways in canine lingual epithelium involved in sweet taste

Journal Article Chemical Senses · February 1, 1990 The responses of canine lingual epithelium to D-glucose were measured in an Ussing chamber to determine the possible contribution of the osmotic changes of taste cells to the response of saccharides. With the mucosal solution containing 50 mM NaCl, 2 mM HE ... Full text Cite

Magnitude of the solvation pressure depends on dipole potential.

Journal Article Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · December 1989 As polar surfaces in solvent are brought together, they experience a large repulsive interaction, termed the solvation pressure. The solvation pressure between rough surfaces, such as lipid bilayers, has been shown previously to decay exponentially with di ... Full text Link to item Cite

Range of the solvation pressure between lipid membranes: dependence on the packing density of solvent molecules.

Journal Article Biochemistry · September 19, 1989 Well-ordered multilamellar arrays of liquid-crystalline phosphatidylcholine and equimolar phosphatidylcholine-cholesterol bilayers have been formed in the nonaqueous solvents formamide and 1,3-propanediol. The organization of these bilayers and the interac ... Full text Link to item Cite

The structural organization and protein composition of lens fiber junctions.

Journal Article J Cell Biol · June 1989 The structural organization and protein composition of lens fiber junctions isolated from adult bovine and calf lenses were studied using combined electron microscopy, immunolocalization with monoclonal and polyclonal anti-MIP and anti-MP70 (two putative g ... Full text Link to item Cite

Repulsive interactions between uncharged bilayers. Hydration and fluctuation pressures for monoglycerides.

Journal Article Biophys J · May 1989 Pressure versus distance relations have been obtained for solid (gel) and neat (liquid-crystalline) phase uncharged lipid bilayers by the use of x-ray diffraction analysis of osmotically stressed monoglyceride aqueous dispersions and multilayers. For solid ... Full text Link to item Cite

Activation by saccharides of a cation-selective pathway on canine lingual epithelium.

Journal Article Am J Physiol · February 1989 Responses of isolated canine lingual epithelium in an Ussing chamber to D-glucose and fructose reveal events associated with taste transduction. With the use of isotopic flux studies, together with ion substitution and pharmacological and voltage clamp mea ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cholesterol modifies the short-range repulsive interactions between phosphatidylcholine membranes.

Journal Article Biochemistry · January 10, 1989 Pressure versus distance relationships have been obtained for egg phosphatidylcholine bilayers containing a range of cholesterol concentrations. Water was removed from between adjacent bilayers by the application of osmotic pressures in the range of 0.4-26 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Morphology of fungiform papillae in canine lingual epithelium: location of intercellular junctions in the epithelium.

Journal Article J Comp Neurol · January 1, 1989 The localization and structure of intercellular junctions and barriers in the extragemmal epithelium of canine fungiform papillae were determined by using both morphological and electrophysiological methods. Gap junctions were located in all epithelial str ... Full text Link to item Cite

How many channels should there be in a gap junction?

Journal Article P R Health Sci J · August 1988 The junctional resistance of the gap junctions between the lateral giant axons of the crayfish has been measured in coupled and uncoupled conditions and the number of gap junction particles has been counted under the same conditions. From these two sets of ... Link to item Cite

Spatial map of salts and saccharides on dog tongue.

Journal Article Am J Physiol · July 1988 Front and rear regions of dog tongue were tested for spatial heterogeneity with respect to monovalent chloride salts (NaCl, KCl, and NH4Cl) and sweet tastants (sucrose, D-glucose, and L-glucose) by placing them in Ussing chambers where the open-circuit pot ... Full text Link to item Cite

Structural characteristics of gap junctions. I. Channel number in coupled and uncoupled conditions.

Journal Article J Cell Biol · May 1988 Gap junctions between crayfish lateral axons were studied by combining anatomical and electrophysiological measurements to determine structural changes associated during uncoupling by axoplasmic acidification. In basal conditions, the junctional resistance ... Full text Link to item Cite

Activation by odorants of a multistate cation channel from olfactory cilia.

Journal Article Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · February 1988 Single-channel records were obtained after fusion of ciliary membranes from the olfactory epithelium of Rana catesbeiana to planar lipid bilayers, and odorant-activated cation-selective channels were identified. In addition, a 190-pS potassium-selective ch ... Full text Link to item Cite

Transport pathways in rat lingual epithelium.

Journal Article Pharmacol Biochem Behav · February 1988 Measurements of ion transport across isolated lingual epithelium of rat were correlated with electrophysiological recordings from taste nerves. At hyperosmotic concentrations of NaCl, sodium ions enter the mucosal membrane of the isolated epithelium partia ... Full text Link to item Cite

Magnitude and range of the hydration pressure between lecithin bilayers as a function of headgroup density

Journal Article Journal of Colloid And Interface Science · January 1, 1988 The hydration repulsive pressure has been measured between phosphatidylcholine bilayers as a function of area per lipid molecule by a comparison of X-ray diffraction data from three different lipid structures-the gel, liquid-crystalline, and interdigitated ... Full text Cite

Steric repulsion between phosphatidylcholine bilayers.

Journal Article Biochemistry · November 17, 1987 The change in pressure needed to bring egg phosphatidylcholine bilayers into contact from their equilibrium separation in excess water has been determined as a function of both distance between the bilayers and water content. A distinct upward break in the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Lipid monolayer states and their relationships to bilayers.

Journal Article Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · June 1987 Uncommon methods of formation and analysis of lipid monolayers have enabled the recognition of several monolayer states and the identification of that in which molecular organization corresponds closely to that of the bilayer. Monolayers were formed by con ... Full text Link to item Cite

Bretylium Tosylate Enhances Salt Taste via Amilorideā€Sensitive Pathway

Journal Article Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · January 1, 1987 Full text Cite

Differences in Epithelial Responses of Rabbit Tongue to KCl and NaCl

Journal Article Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · January 1, 1987 Full text Cite

Epithelial responses of rabbit tongues and their involvement in taste transduction.

Journal Article Am J Physiol · September 1986 The response of rabbit tongue, placed in a modified Ussing chamber, to salts [KCl, NaCl, NH4Cl, tetraethylammonium chloride (TEACl)], sweeteners (D-glucose, sucrose), acid (HCl), and a bitter tastant, quinine, was investigated for the first time. These exp ... Full text Link to item Cite

Area per molecule and distribution of water in fully hydrated dilauroylphosphatidylethanolamine bilayers.

Journal Article Biochemistry · August 26, 1986 The area per lipid molecule for fully hydrated dilauroylphosphatidylethanolamine (DLPE) has been obtained in both the gel and liquid-crystalline states by combining wide-angle X-ray diffraction, electron density profiles, and previously published dilatomet ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hydration force and bilayer deformation: a reevaluation.

Journal Article Biochemistry · July 15, 1986 The hydration repulsive force between lipid bilayers and the deformability of both gel and liquid-crystalline bilayers have been quantitated by an X-ray diffraction analysis of osmotically stressed liposomes. Both sampling theorem reconstructions and elect ... Full text Link to item Cite

Preface

Journal Article Fertilizer Research · February 1, 1986 Full text Cite

One-dimensional crystals of (Na+ + K+)-ATPase dimers.

Journal Article Biochim Biophys Acta · January 16, 1986 Preparations of purified (Na+ + K+)-ATPase contain both fragments of membranes and long and undulating cylindrical structures. These structures have been described as edgeways of membrane fragments. We have analyzed these structures using negative staining ... Full text Link to item Cite

One-dimensional crystals of (Na+ + K+)-ATPase dimers

Journal Article BBA - Biomembranes · 1986 Preparations of purified (Na+ + K+)-ATPase contain both fragments of membranes and long and undulating cylindrical structures. These structures have been described as edgeways of membrane fragments. We have analyzed these structures using negative staining ... Cite

Binding of 3H-phenamil, an irreversible amiloride analog, to toad urinary bladder: effects of aldosterone and vasopressin.

Journal Article J Membr Biol · 1986 Phenamil, an analog of amiloride, has previously been shown to bind specifically to sodium channels in toad bladder (J.L. Garvin et al., J. Membrane Biol. 87:45-54, 1985). In this paper, 3H-phenamil was used to measure sodium channel density in both isolat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Bretylium tosylate enhances salt taste.

Journal Article Physiol Behav · 1986 Bretylium tosylate (BT), an antifibrillary drug, was found to potentiate the taste of NaCl and LiCl in both humans and rats. Application of 1 mM BT (pH 6.3) to the human tongue statistically potentiated the taste of 0.2 M NaCl and 0.2 M LiCl by 33.5% and 1 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Salt and acid studies on canine lingual epithelium

Journal Article American Journal of Physiology - Cell Physiology · December 1, 1985 A section of dog tongue just anterior to the circumvallate papillae was placed in an Ussing chamber and characterized with respect to monovalent cation transport pathways, response to HCl, and the interaction between salt and acid for the purposes of deter ... Cite

Salt and acid studies on canine lingual epithelium.

Journal Article Am J Physiol · November 1985 A section of dog tongue just anterior to the circumvallate papillae was placed in an Ussing chamber and characterized with respect to monovalent cation transport pathways, response to HCl, and the interaction between salt and acid for the purposes of deter ... Full text Link to item Cite

An atomizer for a dime

Journal Article Journal of Chemical Education · January 1, 1985 Full text Cite

Phenamil: an irreversible inhibitor of sodium channels in the toad urinary bladder.

Journal Article J Membr Biol · 1985 Several new amiloride analogues and two reported photoaffinity analogues were tested for irreversible inhibition of short-circuit current, Isc, in toad bladder. Bromoamiloride, a photoaffinity analogue, induced 40% irreversible inhibition at 500 microM aft ... Full text Link to item Cite

New structural model for mixed-chain phosphatidylcholine bilayers.

Journal Article Biochemistry · August 28, 1984 Multilamellar suspensions of a mixed-chain saturated phosphatidylcholine with 18 carbon atoms in the sn-1 chain and 10 carbon atoms in the sn-2 chain have been analyzed by X-ray diffraction techniques. The structural parameters for this lipid in the gel st ... Full text Link to item Cite

Interdigitated hydrocarbon chain packing causes the biphasic transition behavior in lipid/alcohol suspensions.

Journal Article Biochim Biophys Acta · June 13, 1984 It has been shown recently by Rowe ((1983) Biochemistry 22, 3299-3305) that ethanol has a 'biphasic' effect on the transition temperature (Tm) of phosphatidylcholine bilayers, reducing Tm at low concentrations but increasing Tm at high concentrations. Our ... Full text Link to item Cite

Nonelectrolyte substitution for water in phosphatidylcholine bilayers

Journal Article BBA - Biomembranes · May 26, 1983 Glycerol substitutes for water in multilamellar phosphatidylcholine liposomes in that the fluid spaces between bilayers, as well as their main transition temperatures, heat capacities, and ethalpies are very similar in water and in pure glycerol. One major ... Full text Cite

Induction of an interdigitated gel phase in fully hydrated phosphatidylcholine bilayers

Journal Article BBA - Biomembranes · May 26, 1983 Several surface active small molecules induce an unusual phase in dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) suspensions. In this phase, the lipid hydrocarbon chains from apposing monolayers interpenetrate or interdigitate. A structural analysis by X-ray diffra ... Full text Cite

Anesthetic antagonism of the effects of high hydrostatic pressure on locomotory activity of the brine shrimp Artemia.

Journal Article Comp Biochem Physiol A Comp Physiol · 1983 The locomotory activity of small groups of brine shrimp (Artemia salina) was studied under conditions of high hydrostatic pressure, varying temperatures and exposure to several gaseous anesthetics. Both compression and exposure to anesthesia reduced the an ... Full text Link to item Cite

Interaction of benzene with bilayers. Thermal and structural studies.

Journal Article Biochemistry · August 17, 1982 The thermal and structural properties of saturated phosphatidylcholine liposomes are significantly altered by benzene. Upon the addition of benzene, the liposomes first swell and then disperse into small multilamellar vesicles. At 20 degrees C these vesicl ... Full text Link to item Cite

The structure of junctions between lens fiber cells.

Journal Article Biosci Rep · May 1982 Junctions which have been isolated from bovine lens may correspond to the tongue-and groove interdigitations observed between intact cells. These junctions have an overall thickness of 13-14 nm, a striking undulating surface topology, and contain protein s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Influence of cholesterol on water penetration into bilayers.

Journal Article Science · April 2, 1982 X-ray diffraction and capacitance measurements have been used to calculate the depth to which water penetrates in fully hydrated bacterial phosphatidylethanolamine bilayers in the presence and absence of cholesterol. The data indicate that cholesterol decr ... Full text Link to item Cite

On the structural organization of isolated bovine lens fiber junctions.

Journal Article J Cell Biol · April 1982 Junctions between fiber cells of bovine lenses have been isolated in milligram quantities, without using detergents or proteases. The structure of the isolated junctions has been studied by thin-section, negative-stain, and freeze-fracture electron microsc ... Full text Link to item Cite

The interaction of benzene with lecithin bilayers

Journal Article Biophysical Journal · January 1, 1982 Cite

Interaction of benzene with micelles and bilayers

Journal Article Journal of Physical Chemistry · January 1, 1982 The organic phase-aqueous phase partition coefficient of benzene was directly measured into nonpolar isotropic liquids, detergent micelles, and phospholipid bilayers above and below their gel-to-liquid crystalline transition temperature. From these data we ... Full text Cite

Polytropic, differentially rotating cylinders

Journal Article Am. J. Phys. (USA) · 1981 Infinite cylinders composed of polytropic material can possess nearly arbitrary rotation fields while retaining the fundamental simplicity of one-dimensional structures. The physical properties of these objects can be easily calculated and understood by ju ... Cite

Simplified models of completely degenerate, differentially rotating stars

Journal Article Am. J. Phys. (USA) · 1981 The properties of differentially rotating, completely degenerate sections of infinite cylinders are examined. Their construction is simple, with variables depending only on the radial cylindrical coordinate. They are found to possess important characterist ... Cite

Cationic selectivity and competition at the sodium entry site in frog skin.

Journal Article J Gen Physiol · August 1980 The cation selectivity of the Na entry mechanism located in the outer membrane of the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) skin epithelium was studied. This selectivity was determined by measuring the short-circuit current when all of the external sodium was replac ... Full text Link to item Cite

Interaction of anaesthetics with electrical synapses.

Journal Article Nature · July 31, 1980 Studies of the interaction of anaesthetics with various preparations, from whole animals to organic solvents, have been continuing since Overton and Meyer found a correlation between anaesthetic potency and solubility in olive oil. Although the physiologic ... Full text Link to item Cite

The organization of n-alkanes in lipid bilayers.

Journal Article Biochim Biophys Acta · April 24, 1980 The interaction of n-alkanes (C6--C16) with phosphatidylcholine has been studied by the combined use of differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction and monolayer techniques. It has been found that the thermal properties and ultrastructure of lipid ... Full text Link to item Cite

Solubility of carbon dioxide in lipid bilayer membranes and organic solvents.

Journal Article Biochim Biophys Acta · March 13, 1980 Partition coefficients of carbon dioxide into lipid bilayers (liposomes) and organic solvents were measured as a function of temperature. The molar partition coefficient of CO2 into liposomes of egg lecithin at 25 degrees C was 0.95 (ml CO2/ml lipid)/(ml C ... Full text Link to item Cite

The dielectric constant of phospholipid bilayers and the permeability of membranes to ions.

Journal Article Science · December 7, 1979 The Born charging equation predicts that the permeability of a phospholipid bilayer membrane to ions should depend markedly on the dielectric constant of the membrane. Increasing the dielectric constant of an artificial bilayer increases its permeability t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of benzyl alcohol on lipid bilayers. A comparisons of bilayer systems.

Journal Article Biophys J · November 1979 The effect of the small anesthetic molecule, benzyl alcohol, on the structure of various bilayer system has been studied by optical, electrical, and x-ray diffraction techniques. We find that the modifications in bilayer thickness caused by benzyl alcohol ... Full text Link to item Cite

Interaction of halothane with lipid bilayers.

Journal Article Mol Pharmacol · July 1979 Link to item Cite

Can regular solution theory be applied to lipid bilayer membranes?

Journal Article Biochim Biophys Acta · January 5, 1979 Direct measurement of the partition coefficient of n-hexane into phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylcholine-cholesterol bilayers showed that (a) isotropic liquids are not good models for lipid bilayers and (b), Regular Solution Theory cannot, in general, ... Full text Link to item Cite

A numerical technique for the solution of Poisson's equation for flattened, centrally condensed objects

Journal Article Astrophys. J. (USA) · 1979 A computational method for obtaining the gravitational potential of an object with azimuthal and equatorial symmetry is presented. The method is tested by comparison with a closed, analytic solution obtained for a class of flattened, centrally condensed sp ... Full text Link to item Cite

A physical theory of general anesthesia

Journal Article Biophysical Journal · December 1, 1977 Cite

Physical parameters of the anesthetic site.

Journal Article Biochim Biophys Acta · November 15, 1977 Full text Link to item Cite

The noneffect of a large linear hydrocarbon, squalene, on the phosphatidylcholine packing structure.

Journal Article Biophys J · July 1977 The interaction of squalene with liposomes and monolayers of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPL) has been studied by differential scanning calorimetry, Raman spectroscopy, and surface potential measurements. Mole ratios of squalene to DPL up to 9 to 1 we ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of amiloride and some of its analogues of cation transport in isolated frog skin and thin lipid membranes.

Journal Article J Gen Physiol · July 1976 The inhibition of short-circuit current (Isc) in isolated frog skin and the induction of surface potentials in lipid bilayer membranes produced by the diuretic drug amiloride and a number of its chemical analogues was studied. The major conclusions of our ... Full text Link to item Cite

A simple model for calcium induced exocytosis.

Journal Article Biochim Biophys Acta · July 1, 1976 We have developed a simple model showing how the presence or obsence of Ca2+ can determine whether an uncurved or curved membrane surface is favored energetically. The model shows why fusion of vesicles with the presynaptic membrane is favored in the prese ... Full text Link to item Cite

Formation of planar bilayer membranes from lipid monolayers. A critique.

Journal Article Biophys J · May 1976 The formation of planar bilayer membranes from lipid monolayers as described by Montal and Mueller (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 1972. 69:3561) is analyzed. Bilayers absolutely free of alkane solvents or other nonpolar hydrocarbons can be formed on polytetrafluo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ionic influences on the phase transition of dipalmitoylphosphatidylserine.

Journal Article Biochemistry · February 24, 1976 The ionization and phase behavior of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoserine have been investigated under a variety of condtions by several different methods. As measured by turbidity changes, the temperature of the crystal-liquid crystal phase transiti ... Full text Link to item Cite

Calculation of the percentage of a narcotic gas to permit abolition of the high pressure nervous syndrome.

Journal Article Undersea Biomed Res · December 1975 A theoretical method is derived for computation of the interactin of pressure and a weak anesthetic such as nitrogen or other narcotic gases in a two-dimensional material so as to prevent signs and symptoms of the high pressure nervous syndrome. A ratio of ... Link to item Cite

A calorimetric and monolayer investigation of the influence of ions on the thermodynamic properties of phosphatidylcholine.

Journal Article Biochim Biophys Acta · February 14, 1975 The effects of various ions and 2H2O on the thermal properties of phosphatidylcholine dispersions were studied using differential scanning calorimetry and the change in the surface potential of monolayers with temperature. The phosphatidylcholine in 2H2O d ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mechanics of bilayer membranes

Journal Article Journal of Colloid And Interface Science · January 1, 1975 The general mechanics of elastic deformations in bilayer membranes is developed, resulting in three elastic constants characterizing a bilayer surface. The theoretical analysis is applied to bilayer systems containing organic solvents (referred to as "solv ... Full text Cite

Optimal use of nitrogen to suppress the high pressure nervous syndrome.

Journal Article Aviat Space Environ Med · January 1975 Five subjects were compressed to 1000 ft (31 ATA) for 2 h breathing 3.2 ATA nitrogen, 0.5 ATA oxygen, and the remainder helium. The compression took 33 min with a 10-s stage at 50 ft (2.5 ATA), 1 MIN AT 320 FT (10.7 ATA), and 2 min at 700 ft (22 ATA). Hypo ... Link to item Cite

Effects of gases on thin lipid bilayer membranes

Journal Article Federation Proceedings · January 1, 1974 Cite