Thomas Norton Denny

Journal Article Sci Transl Med · June 11, 2025 Immunization with messenger RNA (mRNA) or viral vectors encoding spike protein with diproline substitutions (S-2P) were shown to provide protective immunity, curbing the COVID-19 pandemic. However, in light of the emergence of severe acute respiratory synd ... Full text Link to item Cite

Age-associated differences in mucosal and systemic host responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Journal Article Nature communications · March 2025 Age is among the strongest risk factors for severe outcomes from SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here we describe upper respiratory tract (URT) and peripheral blood transcriptomes of 202 participants (age range of 1 week to 83 years), including 137 non-hospitalized ... Full text Open Access Cite

Computationally Selected Multivalent HIV-1 Subtype C Vaccine Protects Against Heterologous SHIV Challenge.

Journal Article Vaccines (Basel) · February 24, 2025 Background: The RV144 trial in Thailand is the only HIV-1 vaccine efficacy trial to date to demonstrate any efficacy. Genetic signatures suggested that antibodies targeting the variable loop 2 (V2) of the HIV-1 envelope played an important protective role. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Neonatal immunity associated with heterologous HIV-1 neutralizing antibody induction in SHIV-infected Rhesus Macaques.

Journal Article Nat Commun · November 27, 2024 The details of the pediatric immune system that supports induction of antibodies capable of neutralizing geographically-diverse or heterologous HIV-1 is currently unclear. Here we explore the pediatric immune environment in neonatal macaque undergoing Simi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Decreased variability in the site-specific results during participation in the External Quality Assurance Program Oversight Laboratory (EQAPOL) proficiency program for IFN-gamma enzyme-linked immunospot (IFN-γ ELISpot) assay.

Journal Article Journal of immunological methods · November 2024 The NIAID DAIDS-sponsored External Quality Assurance Program Oversight Laboratory (EQAPOL) manages an interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISpot) external proficiency program. The ELISpot program evaluates the accuracy and variability of re ... Full text Cite

Sources of variability in Luminex bead-based cytokine assays: Evidence from twelve years of multi-site proficiency testing.

Journal Article J Immunol Methods · August 2024 Bead array assays, such as those sold by Luminex, BD Biosciences, Sartorius, Abcam and other companies, are a well-established platform for multiplexed quantification of cytokines and other biomarkers in both clinical and discovery research environments. I ... Full text Link to item Cite

SARS-CoV-2 viremia but not respiratory viral load is associated with respiratory complications in patients with severe COVID-19.

Journal Article BMC Pulm Med · July 29, 2024 BACKGROUND: Severe COVID-19 carries a high morbidity and mortality. Previous studies have shown an association between COVID-19 severity and SARS-CoV-2 viral load (VL). We sought to measure VL in multiple compartments (urine, plasma, lower respiratory trac ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evaluation of the VioOne HIV profile supplemental assay.

Journal Article J Clin Microbiol · February 14, 2024 HIV is an ongoing global epidemic with estimates of more than a million new infections occurring annually. To combat viral spread, continuous innovations in areas including testing and treatment are necessary. In the United States, the Centers for Disease ... Full text Link to item Cite

T-cell count and T-cell telomere length in patients with severe COVID-19.

Journal Article Front Immunol · 2024 Lymphocyte telomere length (TL) is highly variable and shortens with age. Short telomeres may impede TL-dependent T-cell clonal expansion with viral infection. As SARS-CoV-2 infection can induce prolonged and severe T-cell lymphopenia, infected adults, and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dynamics of cytokine and antibody responses in community versus hospital SARS-CoV-2 infections.

Journal Article Front Immunol · 2024 INTRODUCTION: Dysregulated host cytokine responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection are a primary cause of progression to severe disease, whereas early neutralizing antibody responses are considered protective. However, there are gaps in understanding the early tem ... Full text Link to item Cite

Introduction

Chapter · January 1, 2024 The chapters in this section provides an overview on the types of B cells and their characterization. In addition, the functions of the humoral response related to the class of antibody and the differentiation states of B cells are analyzed. These include ... Full text Cite

Broadly neutralizing antibody induction by non-stabilized SARS-CoV-2 Spike mRNA vaccination in nonhuman primates.

Journal Article bioRxiv · December 19, 2023 Immunization with mRNA or viral vectors encoding spike with diproline substitutions (S-2P) has provided protective immunity against severe COVID-19 disease. How immunization with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike elicits ne ... Full text Link to item Cite

Host immunity associated with spontaneous suppression of viremia in therapy-naïve young rhesus macaques following neonatal SHIV infection.

Journal Article J Virol · November 30, 2023 Despite the advent of highly active anti-retroviral therapy, people are still dying from HIV-related causes, many of whom are children, and a protective vaccine or cure is needed to end the HIV pandemic. Understanding the nature and activation states of im ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Mapping SARS-CoV-2 antigenic relationships and serological responses.

Journal Article Science · October 6, 2023 During the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, multiple variants escaping preexisting immunity emerged, causing reinfections of previously exposed individuals. Here, we used antigenic cartography to analyze patterns of cr ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Differential host responses within the upper respiratory tract and peripheral blood of children and adults with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Preprint · August 5, 2023 Full text Link to item Cite

RADx-UP Testing Core: Access to COVID-19 Diagnostics in Community-Engaged Research with Underserved Populations.

Journal Article Journal of clinical microbiology · August 2023 Research on the COVID-19 pandemic revealed a disproportionate burden of COVID-19 infection and death among underserved populations and exposed low rates of SARS-CoV-2 testing in these communities. A landmark National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding init ... Full text Open Access Cite

Mapping SARS-CoV-2 antigenic relationships and serological responses.

Journal Article bioRxiv · June 16, 2023 During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, multiple variants escaping pre-existing immunity emerged, causing concerns about continued protection. Here, we use antigenic cartography to analyze patterns of cross-reactivity among a panel of 21 variants and 15 groups of ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Author Correction: Differential chromatin accessibility in peripheral blood mononuclear cells underlies COVID-19 disease severity prior to seroconversion.

Journal Article Sci Rep · April 20, 2023 Full text Link to item Cite

COVID-19 Diagnosis and SARS-CoV-2 Strain Identification by a Rapid, Multiplexed, Point-of-Care Antibody Microarray.

Journal Article Anal Chem · April 4, 2023 Antigen tests to detect SARS-CoV-2 have emerged as a promising rapid diagnostic method for COVID-19, but they are unable to differentiate between variants of concern (VOCs). Here, we report a rapid point-of-care test (POC-T), termed CoVariant-SPOT, that us ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Validation of the performance and suitability of a new class of FBS optimized for use in single-cell functional assays.

Journal Article J Immunol Methods · April 2023 The use of conventional serum for supplementation of media in cell-based and single-cell functional assays has been a major challenge for assay performance, standardization, optimization, and reproducibility. It has been identified as the leading cause of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Neonatal SHIV infection in rhesus macaques elicited heterologous HIV-1-neutralizing antibodies.

Journal Article Cell Rep · March 28, 2023 Infants and children infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 have been shown to develop neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) against heterologous HIV-1 strains, characteristic of broadly nAbs (bnAbs). Thus, having a neonatal model for the induction of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Multivariate analysis of FcR-mediated NK cell functions identifies unique clustering among humans and rhesus macaques

Conference Frontiers in Immunology · January 1, 2023 Rhesus macaques (RMs) are a common pre-clinical model used to test HIV vaccine efficacy and passive immunization strategies. Yet, it remains unclear to what extent the Fc-Fc receptor (FcR) interactions impacting antiviral activities of antibodies in RMs re ... Full text Cite

Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 identification methods through surveillance of companion animals in SARS-CoV-2-positive homes in North Carolina, March to December 2020.

Journal Article PeerJ · 2023 We collected oral and/or rectal swabs and serum from dogs and cats living in homes with SARS-CoV-2-PCR-positive persons for SARS-CoV-2 PCR and serology testing. Pre-COVID-19 serum samples from dogs and cats were used as negative controls, and samples were ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Development of qPCR assays for the discrete detection of SIVmac251 and SIVsmE660 in plasma from co-infected animals

Conference JOURNAL OF MEDICAL PRIMATOLOGY · 2023 Cite

Multivariate analysis of FcR-mediated NK cell functions identifies unique clustering among humans and rhesus macaques.

Journal Article Front Immunol · 2023 Rhesus macaques (RMs) are a common pre-clinical model used to test HIV vaccine efficacy and passive immunization strategies. Yet, it remains unclear to what extent the Fc-Fc receptor (FcR) interactions impacting antiviral activities of antibodies in RMs re ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Breadth of SARS-CoV-2 neutralization and protection induced by a nanoparticle vaccine.

Journal Article Nature communications · October 2022 Coronavirus vaccines that are highly effective against current and anticipated SARS-CoV-2 variants are needed to control COVID-19. We previously reported a receptor-binding domain (RBD)-sortase A-conjugated ferritin nanoparticle (scNP) vaccine that induced ... Full text Open Access Cite

Stabilized HIV-1 envelope immunization induces neutralizing antibodies to the CD4bs and protects macaques against mucosal infection.

Journal Article Sci Transl Med · September 7, 2022 A successful HIV-1 vaccine will require induction of a polyclonal neutralizing antibody (nAb) response, yet vaccine-mediated induction of such a response in primates remains a challenge. We found that a stabilized HIV-1 CH505 envelope (Env) trimer formulat ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Age-Related Changes in the Nasopharyngeal Microbiome Are Associated With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection and Symptoms Among Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults.

Journal Article Clin Infect Dis · August 24, 2022 BACKGROUND: Children are less susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection and typically have milder illness courses than adults, but the factors underlying these age-associated differences are not well understood. The upper respiratory microbiome undergoes substan ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Differential chromatin accessibility in peripheral blood mononuclear cells underlies COVID-19 disease severity prior to seroconversion.

Journal Article Sci Rep · July 9, 2022 SARS-CoV-2 infection triggers profound and variable immune responses in human hosts. Chromatin remodeling has been observed in individuals severely ill or convalescing with COVID-19, but chromatin remodeling early in disease prior to anti-spike protein IgG ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Exosomes decorated with a recombinant SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain as an inhalable COVID-19 vaccine.

Journal Article Nat Biomed Eng · July 2022 The first two mRNA vaccines against infection by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that were approved by regulators require a cold chain and were designed to elicit systemic immunity via intramuscular injection. Here we report th ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

SARS-CoV-2 reinfection across a spectrum of immunological states.

Journal Article Health Sci Rep · July 2022 PURPOSE: Several cases of symptomatic reinfection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) after full recovery from a prior episode have been reported. As reinfection has become an increasingly common phenomenon, an improved unders ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Immunology

Chapter · June 1, 2022 This section talks about immunologic assays used in the serologic diagnosis of infectious diseases and emerging immunological assays. It discusses about serologic diagnosis of group A streptococcal infections. It also focuses on detection of Legionella ant ... Full text Cite

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Viremia Is Associated With Coronavirus Disease 2019 Severity and Predicts Clinical Outcomes.

Journal Article Clin Infect Dis · May 3, 2022 BACKGROUND: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) viral RNA (vRNA) is detected in the bloodstream of some patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but it is not clear whether this RNAemia reflects viremia (ie, virus particl ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Differential chromatin accessibility in peripheral blood mononuclear cells underlies COVID-19 disease severity prior to seroconversion.

Journal Article Res Sq · April 7, 2022 SARS-CoV-2 infection triggers profound and variable immune responses in human hosts. Chromatin remodeling has been observed in individuals severely ill or convalescing with COVID-19, but chromatin remodeling early in disease prior to anti-spike protein IgG ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Development of mRNA manufacturing for vaccines and therapeutics: mRNA platform requirements and development of a scalable production process to support early phase clinical trials.

Journal Article Transl Res · April 2022 The remarkable success of SARS CoV-2 mRNA-based vaccines and the ensuing interest in mRNA vaccines and therapeutics have highlighted the need for a scalable clinical-enabling manufacturing process to produce such products, and robust analytical methods to ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Evaluation of Commercially Available High-Throughput SARS-CoV-2 Serologic Assays for Serosurveillance and Related Applications.

Journal Article Emerg Infect Dis · March 2022 Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) serosurveys can estimate cumulative incidence for monitoring epidemics, requiring assessment of serologic assays to inform testing algorithm development and interpretation of results. We conducte ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Breadth of SARS-CoV-2 Neutralization and Protection Induced by a Nanoparticle Vaccine.

Journal Article bioRxiv · February 14, 2022 Coronavirus vaccines that are highly effective against SARS-CoV-2 variants are needed to control the current pandemic. We previously reported a receptor-binding domain (RBD) sortase A-conjugated ferritin nanoparticle (RBD-scNP) vaccine that induced neutral ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Development of SARS2 qPCR assays to support COVID-19 research in human, NHP and small animal studies

Conference JOURNAL OF MEDICAL PRIMATOLOGY · 2022 Link to item Cite

The Cabarrus County COVID-19 Prevalence and Immunity (C3PI) Study: design, methods, and baseline characteristics.

Journal Article Am J Transl Res · 2022 OBJECTIVES: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral illness with public health importance. The Cabarrus County COVID-19 Prevalence and Immunity (C3PI) Study is a prospective, longitudinal cohort study designed to contribute valuable information on c ... Open Access Link to item Cite

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infections Among Children in the Biospecimens from Respiratory Virus-Exposed Kids (BRAVE Kids) Study.

Journal Article Clin Infect Dis · November 2, 2021 BACKGROUND: Child with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection typically have mild symptoms that do not require medical attention, leaving a gap in our understanding of the spectrum of SARS-CoV-2-related illnesses that the vi ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Assessment of Simulated Surveillance Testing and Quarantine in a SARS-CoV-2-Vaccinated Population of Students on a University Campus.

Journal Article JAMA Health Forum · October 2021 IMPORTANCE: The importance of surveillance testing and quarantine on university campuses to limit SARS-CoV-2 transmission needs to be reevaluated in the context of a complex and rapidly changing environment that includes vaccines, variants, and waning immu ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

In vitro and in vivo functions of SARS-CoV-2 infection-enhancing and neutralizing antibodies.

Journal Article Cell · August 5, 2021 SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) protect against COVID-19. A concern regarding SARS-CoV-2 antibodies is whether they mediate disease enhancement. Here, we isolated NAbs against the receptor-binding domain (RBD) or the N-terminal domain (NTD) of SA ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Mucosal-associated invariant T cell responses differ by sex in COVID-19.

Journal Article Med · June 11, 2021 BACKGROUND: Sexual dimorphisms in immune responses contribute to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes, but the mechanisms governing this disparity remain incompletely understood. METHODS: We carried out sex-balanced sampling of peripheral blood mon ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Neutralizing antibody vaccine for pandemic and pre-emergent coronaviruses.

Journal Article Nature · June 2021 Betacoronaviruses caused the outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome, as well as the current pandemic of SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)1-4. Vaccines that elicit protective immunity against SARS ... Full text Open Access Cite

New SHIVs and Improved Design Strategy for Modeling HIV-1 Transmission, Immunopathogenesis, Prevention and Cure.

Journal Article J Virol · May 10, 2021 Previously, we showed that substitution of HIV-1 Env residue 375-Ser by bulky aromatic residues enhances binding to rhesus CD4 and enables primary HIV-1 Envs to support efficient replication as simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) chimeras in rhesus ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Age-related changes in the upper respiratory microbiome are associated with SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and illness severity.

Journal Article medRxiv · March 23, 2021 UNLABELLED: Children are less susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 and typically have milder illness courses than adults. We studied the nasopharyngeal microbiomes of 274 children, adolescents, and young adults with SARS-CoV-2 exposure using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Early experience with universal preprocedural testing for SARS-CoV-2 in a relatively low-prevalence area.

Journal Article Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol · March 2021 We implemented universal severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) testing of patients undergoing surgical procedures as a means to conserve personal protective equipment (PPE). The rate of asymptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19 ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

The functions of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing and infection-enhancing antibodies in vitro and in mice and nonhuman primates.

Journal Article bioRxiv · February 18, 2021 SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) protect against COVID-19. A concern regarding SARS-CoV-2 antibodies is whether they mediate disease enhancement. Here, we isolated NAbs against the receptor-binding domain (RBD) and the N-terminal domain (NTD) of S ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

SARS-CoV-2 vaccination induces neutralizing antibodies against pandemic and pre-emergent SARS-related coronaviruses in monkeys.

Journal Article bioRxiv · February 17, 2021 Betacoronaviruses (betaCoVs) caused the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) outbreaks, and now the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Vaccines that elicit protective immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 and betaCoVs circul ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Dysregulated transcriptional responses to SARS-CoV-2 in the periphery.

Journal Article Nat Commun · February 17, 2021 SARS-CoV-2 infection has been shown to trigger a wide spectrum of immune responses and clinical manifestations in human hosts. Here, we sought to elucidate novel aspects of the host response to SARS-CoV-2 infection through RNA sequencing of peripheral bloo ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

FlowKit: A Python Toolkit for Integrated Manual and Automated Cytometry Analysis Workflows.

Journal Article Front Immunol · 2021 An important challenge for primary or secondary analysis of cytometry data is how to facilitate productive collaboration between domain and quantitative experts. Domain experts in cytometry laboratories and core facilities increasingly recognize the need f ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Chromatin remodeling in peripheral blood cells reflects COVID-19 symptom severity.

Journal Article bioRxiv · December 9, 2020 SARS-CoV-2 infection triggers highly variable host responses and causes varying degrees of illness in humans. We sought to harness the peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) response over the course of illness to provide insight into COVID-19 physiology. ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Assessment of an Online Tool to Simulate the Effect of Pooled Testing for SARS-CoV-2 Detection in Asymptomatic and Symptomatic Populations.

Journal Article JAMA Netw Open · December 1, 2020 This diagnostic study describes an online tool created with actual severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus copy number data to help policy makers understand how pooled testing compares with single-sample testing in different popu ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Implementation of a Pooled Surveillance Testing Program for Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infections on a College Campus - Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, August 2-October 11, 2020.

Journal Article MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep · November 20, 2020 On university campuses and in similar congregate environments, surveillance testing of asymptomatic persons is a critical strategy (1,2) for preventing transmission of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). All students at D ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Streamlined Subpopulation, Subtype, and Recombination Analysis of HIV-1 Half-Genome Sequences Generated by High-Throughput Sequencing.

Journal Article mSphere · October 14, 2020 High-throughput sequencing (HTS) has been widely used to characterize HIV-1 genome sequences. There are no algorithms currently that can directly determine genotype and quasispecies population using short HTS reads generated from long genome sequences with ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

SARS-CoV-2 Infections Among Children in the Biospecimens from Respiratory Virus-Exposed Kids (BRAVE Kids) Study.

Journal Article medRxiv · September 1, 2020 BACKGROUND: Children with SARS-CoV-2 infection typically have mild symptoms that do not require medical attention, leaving a gap in our understanding of the spectrum of illnesses that the virus causes in children. METHODS: We conducted a prospective cohort ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Genetic variability of the U5 and downstream sequence of major HIV-1 subtypes and circulating recombinant forms.

Journal Article Sci Rep · August 6, 2020 The critical role of the regulatory elements at the 5' end of the HIV-1 genome in controlling the life cycle of HIV-1 indicates that this region significantly influences virus fitness and its biological properties. In this study, we performed a detailed ch ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Dysregulated transcriptional responses to SARS-CoV-2 in the periphery support novel diagnostic approaches.

Journal Article medRxiv · July 26, 2020 In order to elucidate novel aspects of the host response to SARS-CoV-2 we performed RNA sequencing on peripheral blood samples across 77 timepoints from 46 subjects with COVID-19 and compared them to subjects with seasonal coronavirus, influenza, bacterial ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

External Quality Assessment Program for Next-Generation Sequencing-Based HIV Drug Resistance Testing: Logistical Considerations.

Journal Article Viruses · May 18, 2020 Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is likely to become the new standard method for HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) genotyping. Despite the significant advances in the development of wet-lab protocols and bioinformatic data processing pipelines, one often-missing ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Redirection of Cord Blood T Cells and Natural Killer Cells for Elimination of Autologous HIV-1-Infected Target Cells Using Bispecific DART® Molecules.

Journal Article Front Immunol · 2020 Mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 remains a major global health challenge. Currently, HIV-1-infected infants require strict lifelong adherence to antiretroviral therapy to prevent replication of virus from reservoirs of infected cells, and to halt prog ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

A four-fold increase in the sensitivity of the SIV viral load assay at the nonhuman primate core virology laboratory for AIDS vaccine research and development

Conference JOURNAL OF MEDICAL PRIMATOLOGY · October 1, 2019 Link to item Cite

Data from: Development of an international external quality assurance program for HIV-1 incidence using the Limiting Antigen Avidity assay

Dataset · August 14, 2019 Laboratory assays for identifying recent HIV-1 infections are widely used for estimating incidence in cross-sectional population-level surveys in global HIV-1surveillance. Adequate assay and laboratory performance are required to ensure accurate incidence ... Full text Cite

Increased predominance of HIV-1 CRF01_AE and its recombinants in the Philippines.

Journal Article J Gen Virol · March 2019 The growth rate of new HIV infections in the Philippines was the fastest of any countries in the Asia-Pacific region between 2010 and 2016. To date, HIV-1 subtyping results in the Philippines have been determined by characterizing only partial viral genome ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Development of an international external quality assurance program for HIV-1 incidence using the Limiting Antigen Avidity assay.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2019 Laboratory assays for identifying recent HIV-1 infections are widely used for estimating incidence in cross-sectional population-level surveys in global HIV-1surveillance. Adequate assay and laboratory performance are required to ensure accurate incidence ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Vaccine-Induced Antibodies Mediate Higher Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity After Interleukin-15 Pretreatment of Natural Killer Effector Cells.

Journal Article Front Immunol · 2019 The secondary analyses for correlates of risk of infection in the RV144 HIV-1 vaccine trial implicated vaccine-induced antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) responses in the observed protection, highlighting the importance of assessing such respo ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Assessment of the Frequency of VRC01 Class Naive B Cells in Different Populations That Can Potentially Engage an HIV CD4 Binding Site Immunogen

Conference AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES · October 1, 2018 Link to item Cite

Comparison of Detection Limits of Fourth- and Fifth-Generation Combination HIV Antigen-Antibody, p24 Antigen, and Viral Load Assays on Diverse HIV Isolates.

Journal Article J Clin Microbiol · August 2018 Detection of acute HIV infection is critical for HIV public health and diagnostics. Clinical fourth-generation antigen (Ag)/antibody (Ab) combination (combo) and p24 Ag immunoassays have enhanced detection of acute infection compared to Ab-alone assays but ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Application of area scaling analysis to identify natural killer cell and monocyte involvement in the GranToxiLux antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity assay.

Journal Article Cytometry A · April 2018 Several different assay methodologies have been described for the evaluation of HIV or SIV-specific antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). Commonly used assays measure ADCC by evaluating effector cell functions, or by detecting elimination o ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Laboratory Accuracy Improvement in the UK NEQAS Leucocyte Immunophenotyping Immune Monitoring Program: An Eleven-Year Review via Longitudinal Mixed Effects Modeling.

Journal Article Cytometry B Clin Cytom · March 2018 BACKGROUND: The United Kingdom National External Quality Assessment Service (UK NEQAS) for Leucocyte Immunophenotyping Immune Monitoring Programme, provides external quality assessment (EQA) to non-U.S. laboratories affiliated with the NIH NIAID Division o ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Distinctive variation in the U3R region of the 5' Long Terminal Repeat from diverse HIV-1 strains.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2018 Functional mapping of the 5'LTR has shown that the U3 and the R regions (U3R) contain a cluster of regulatory elements involved in the control of HIV-1 transcription and expression. As the HIV-1 genome is characterized by extensive variability, here we aim ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Computational analysis of antibody dynamics identifies recent HIV-1 infection.

Journal Article JCI Insight · December 21, 2017 Accurate HIV-1 incidence estimation is critical to the success of HIV-1 prevention strategies. Current assays are limited by high false recent rates (FRRs) in certain populations and a short mean duration of recent infection (MDRI). Dynamic early HIV-1 ant ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Effective treatment of SIVcpz-induced immunodeficiency in a captive western chimpanzee.

Journal Article Retrovirology · June 2, 2017 BACKGROUND: Simian immunodeficiency virus of chimpanzees (SIVcpz), the progenitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), is associated with increased mortality and AIDS-like immunopathology in wild-living chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). Surprisingl ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Multiplex assay reliability and long-term intra-individual variation of serologic inflammatory biomarkers.

Journal Article Cytokine · February 2017 BACKGROUND: Circulating cytokines, chemokines, and soluble cytokine receptors can serve as biomarkers of inflammation and immune dysregulation. Good reliability of multiplex platforms, which allow for simultaneous, comprehensive biomarker assessment, is cr ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Neutralization Takes Precedence Over IgG or IgA Isotype-related Functions in Mucosal HIV-1 Antibody-mediated Protection.

Journal Article EBioMedicine · December 2016 HIV-1 infection occurs primarily through mucosal transmission. Application of biologically relevant mucosal models can advance understanding of the functional properties of antibodies that mediate HIV protection, thereby guiding antibody-based vaccine deve ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Immunization with an SIV-based IDLV Expressing HIV-1 Env 1086 Clade C Elicits Durable Humoral and Cellular Responses in Rhesus Macaques.

Journal Article Mol Ther · November 2016 The design of an effective HIV-1 vaccine remains a major challenge. Several vaccine strategies based on viral vectors have been evaluated in preclinical and clinical trials, with largely disappointing results. Integrase defective lentiviral vectors (IDLV) ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Streamlined quasispecies and subtype analysis of HIV-1 sequences generated by high-throughput sequencing using the high-performance integrated virtual environment (HIVE)

Conference JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL AIDS SOCIETY · July 1, 2016 Open Access Link to item Cite

Variability of the IFN-γ ELISpot assay in the context of proficiency testing and bridging studies.

Journal Article J Immunol Methods · June 2016 Assays that assess cellular mediated immune responses performed under Good Clinical Laboratory Practice (GCLP) guidelines are required to provide specific and reproducible results. Defined validation procedures are required to establish the Standard Operat ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Genetic Characterization of a Panel of Diverse HIV-1 Isolates at Seven International Sites.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2016 HIV-1 subtypes and drug resistance are routinely tested by many international surveillance groups. However, results from different sites often vary. A systematic comparison of results from multiple sites is needed to determine whether a standardized protoc ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Fast Dissemination of New HIV-1 CRF02/A1 Recombinants in Pakistan.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2016 A number of HIV-1 subtypes are identified in Pakistan by characterization of partial viral gene sequences. Little is known whether new recombinants are generated and how they disseminate since whole genome sequences for these viruses have not been characte ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Quality assurance for HIV point-of-care testing and treatment monitoring assays.

Journal Article Afr J Lab Med · 2016 In 2015, UNAIDS launched the 90-90-90 targets aimed at increasing the number of people infected with HIV to become aware of their status, access antiretroviral therapies and ultimately be virally suppressed. To achieve these goals, countries may need to sc ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Association of HIV-1 Envelope-Specific Breast Milk IgA Responses with Reduced Risk of Postnatal Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV-1.

Journal Article J Virol · October 2015 UNLABELLED: Infants born to HIV-1-infected mothers in resource-limited areas where replacement feeding is unsafe and impractical are repeatedly exposed to HIV-1 throughout breastfeeding. Despite this, the majority of infants do not contract HIV-1 postnatal ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Maternal HIV-1 envelope-specific antibody responses and reduced risk of perinatal transmission.

Journal Article J Clin Invest · July 1, 2015 Despite the wide availability of antiretroviral drugs, more than 250,000 infants are vertically infected with HIV-1 annually, emphasizing the need for additional interventions to eliminate pediatric HIV-1 infections. Here, we aimed to define humoral immune ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

HIV-1 subtype C is significantly more infectious than other subtypes

Journal Article JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL AIDS SOCIETY · July 1, 2015 Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Neutralization properties of simian immunodeficiency viruses infecting chimpanzees and gorillas.

Journal Article mBio · April 21, 2015 UNLABELLED: Broadly cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies (bNabs) represent powerful tools to combat human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. Here, we examined whether HIV-1-specific bNabs are capable of cross-neutralizing distantly related ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Corrigendum to: Infection of monkeys by simian-human immunodeficiency viruses with transmitted/founder clade C HIV-1 envelopes [Virology 475 (2015) 37-45]

Journal Article Virology · April 1, 2015 Full text Open Access Cite

Infection of monkeys by simian-human immunodeficiency viruses with transmitted/founder clade C HIV-1 envelopes.

Journal Article Virology · January 15, 2015 Featured Publication Simian-human immunodeficiency viruses (SHIVs) that mirror natural transmitted/founder (T/F) viruses in man are needed for evaluation of HIV-1 vaccine candidates in nonhuman primates. Currently available SHIVs contain HIV-1 env genes from chronically-infect ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

CD4 enumeration technologies: a systematic review of test performance for determining eligibility for antiretroviral therapy.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2015 BACKGROUND: Measurement of CD4+ T-lymphocytes (CD4) is a crucial parameter in the management of HIV patients, particularly in determining eligibility to initiate antiretroviral treatment (ART). A number of technologies exist for CD4 enumeration, with consi ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

A Brief Chronicle of CD4 as a Biomarker for HIV/AIDS: A Tribute to the Memory of John L. Fahey.

Journal Article For Immunopathol Dis Therap · 2015 Foundational cellular immunology research of the 1960s and 1970s, together with the advent of monoclonal antibodies and flow cytometry, provided the knowledge base and the technological capability that enabled the elucidation of the role of CD4 T cells in ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Aggregate complexes of HIV-1 induced by multimeric antibodies.

Journal Article Retrovirology · October 2, 2014 Featured Publication BACKGROUND: Antibody mediated viral aggregation may impede viral transfer across mucosal surfaces by hindering viral movement in mucus, preventing transcytosis, or reducing inter-cellular penetration of epithelia thereby limiting access to susceptible muco ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

African Early Infection Cohort as a Platform for Vaccine Discovery: The IAVI Protocol C Experience

Conference AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses · October 2014 Full text Cite

Development of a contemporary globally diverse HIV viral panel by the EQAPOL program.

Journal Article J Immunol Methods · July 2014 Featured Publication The significant diversity among HIV-1 variants poses serious challenges for vaccine development and for developing sensitive assays for screening, surveillance, diagnosis, and clinical management. Recognizing a need to develop a panel of HIV representing t ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Statistical methods for the assessment of EQAPOL proficiency testing: ELISpot, Luminex, and Flow Cytometry.

Journal Article J Immunol Methods · July 2014 Featured Publication In September 2011 Duke University was awarded a contract to develop the National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIH/NIAID) External Quality Assurance Program Oversight Laboratory (EQAPOL). Through EQAPOL, profic ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Optimization and validation of a neutralizing antibody assay for HIV-1 in A3R5 cells.

Journal Article J Immunol Methods · July 2014 Featured Publication A3R5 is a human CD4(+) lymphoblastoid cell line that was engineered to express CCR5 and is useful for the detection of weak neutralizing antibody responses against tier 2 strains of HIV-1. Here we describe the optimization and validation of the HIV-1 neutr ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

The External Quality Assurance Oversight Laboratory (EQAPOL) proficiency program for IFN-gamma enzyme-linked immunospot (IFN-γ ELISpot) assay.

Journal Article J Immunol Methods · July 2014 Featured Publication The interferon-gamma enzyme-linked immunospot (IFN-γ ELISpot) assay has been developed and used as an end-point assay in clinical trials for infectious diseases and cancer to detect the magnitude of antigen-specific immune responses. The ability to compare ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Setting objective thresholds for rare event detection in flow cytometry.

Journal Article J Immunol Methods · July 2014 Featured Publication The accurate identification of rare antigen-specific cytokine positive cells from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) after antigenic stimulation in an intracellular staining (ICS) flow cytometry assay is challenging, as cytokine positive events may ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Development and implementation of a proficiency testing program for Luminex bead-based cytokine assays.

Journal Article J Immunol Methods · July 2014 Featured Publication Luminex bead array assays are widely used for rapid biomarker quantification due to the ability to measure up to 100 unique analytes in a single well of a 96-well plate. There has been, however, no comprehensive analysis of variables impacting assay perfor ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Establishment and maintenance of a PBMC repository for functional cellular studies in support of clinical vaccine trials.

Journal Article J Immunol Methods · July 2014 Featured Publication A large repository of cryopreserved peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) samples was created to provide laboratories testing the specimens from human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) vaccine clinical trials the material for assay development, optimiz ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

The Immunology Quality Assessment Proficiency Testing Program for CD3⁺4⁺ and CD3⁺8⁺ lymphocyte subsets: a ten year review via longitudinal mixed effects modeling.

Journal Article J Immunol Methods · July 2014 Featured Publication Since 1999, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Division of AIDS (NIAID DAIDS) has funded the Immunology Quality Assessment (IQA) Program with the goal of assessing proficiency in basic lymphocyte subset immunophenotyping for each Nor ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Leukopak PBMC sample processing for preparing quality control material to support proficiency testing programs.

Journal Article J Immunol Methods · July 2014 Featured Publication External proficiency testing programs designed to evaluate the performance of end-point laboratories involved in vaccine and therapeutic clinical trials form an important part of clinical trial quality assurance. Good clinical laboratory practice (GCLP) gu ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Introduction to a Special Issue of the Journal of Immunological Methods: Building global resource programs to support HIV/AIDS clinical trial studies.

Journal Article J Immunol Methods · July 2014 Featured Publication This Special Issue of the Journal of Immunological Methods includes 16 manuscripts describing quality assurance activities related to virologic and immunologic monitoring of six global laboratory resource programs that support international HIV/AIDS clinic ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

The Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology (CHAVI) multi-site quality assurance program for cryopreserved human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

Journal Article J Immunol Methods · July 2014 Featured Publication The Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology (CHAVI) consortium was established to determine the host and virus factors associated with HIV transmission, infection and containment of virus replication, with the goal of advancing the development of an HIV pro ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Toward development of a comprehensive external quality assurance program for polyfunctional intracellular cytokine staining assays.

Journal Article J Immunol Methods · July 2014 Featured Publication The External Quality Assurance Program Oversight Laboratory (EQAPOL) Flow Cytometry Program assesses the proficiency of NIH/NIAID/DAIDS-supported and potentially other interested research laboratories in performing Intracellular Cytokine Staining (ICS) ass ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Implementation of Good Clinical Laboratory Practice (GCLP) guidelines within the External Quality Assurance Program Oversight Laboratory (EQAPOL).

Journal Article J Immunol Methods · July 2014 Featured Publication The EQAPOL contract was awarded to Duke University to develop and manage global proficiency testing programs for flow cytometry-, ELISpot-, and Luminex bead-based assays (cytokine analytes), as well as create a genetically diverse panel of HIV-1 viral cult ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Immunological and virological mechanisms of vaccine-mediated protection against SIV and HIV.

Journal Article Nature · January 23, 2014 Featured Publication A major challenge for the development of a highly effective AIDS vaccine is the identification of mechanisms of protective immunity. To address this question, we used a nonhuman primate challenge model with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). We show that ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Immunological and virological mechanisms of vaccine-mediated protection against SIV and HIV

Journal Article Nature · January 1, 2014 Featured Publication A major challenge for the development of a highly effective AIDS vaccine is the identification of mechanisms of protective immunity. To address this question, we used a nonhuman primate challenge model with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). We show that ... Full text Open Access Cite

Systematic review of the performance of HIV viral load technologies on plasma samples.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2014 Featured Publication BACKGROUND: Viral load (VL) monitoring is the standard of care in developing country settings for detecting HIV treatment failure. Since 2010 the World Health Organization has recommended a phase-in approach to VL monitoring in resource-limited settings. W ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Systematic review of the use of dried blood spots for monitoring HIV viral load and for early infant diagnosis.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2014 Featured Publication BACKGROUND: Dried blood spots (DBS) have been used as alternative specimens to plasma to increase access to HIV viral load (VL) monitoring and early infant diagnosis (EID) in remote settings. We systematically reviewed evidence on the performance of DBS co ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Postnatal cytomegalovirus exposure in infants of antiretroviral-treated and untreated HIV-infected mothers.

Journal Article Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol · 2014 Featured Publication HIV-1 and CMV are important pathogens transmitted via breastfeeding. Furthermore, perinatal CMV transmission may impact growth and disease progression in HIV-exposed infants. Although maternal antiretroviral therapy reduces milk HIV-1 RNA load and postnata ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Reconstructing a B-Cell Clonal Lineage. II. Mutation, Selection, and Affinity Maturation.

Journal Article Front Immunol · 2014 Featured Publication Affinity maturation of the antibody response is a fundamental process in adaptive immunity during which B-cells activated by infection or vaccination undergo rapid proliferation accompanied by the acquisition of point mutations in their rearranged immunogl ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Introduction to a Special Issue of the Journal of Immunological Methods: Building Global Resource Programs to Support HIV/AIDS Clinical Trial Studies

Journal Article Journal of Immunological Methods · 2014 Featured Publication Open Access Cite

Implementation of Good Clinical Laboratory Practice (GCLP) guidelines within the External Quality Assurance Program Oversight Laboratory (EQAPOL)

Journal Article Journal of Immunological Methods · January 1, 2014 Featured Publication The EQAPOL contract was awarded to Duke University to develop and manage global proficiency testing programs for flow cytometry-, ELISpot-, and Luminex bead-based assays (cytokine analytes), as well as create a genetically diverse panel of HIV-1 viral cult ... Full text Open Access Cite

Optimization and validation of a neutralizing antibody assay for HIV-1 in A3R5 cells

Conference Journal of Immunological Methods · 2014 Featured Publication Open Access Cite

Lack of B cell dysfunction is associated with functional, gp120-dominant antibody responses in breast milk of simian immunodeficiency virus-infected African green monkeys.

Journal Article J Virol · October 2013 Featured Publication The design of an effective vaccine to reduce the incidence of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) via breastfeeding will require identification of protective immune responses that block postnatal virus acquisition. Nat ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Transient compartmentalization of simian immunodeficiency virus variants in the breast milk of african green monkeys.

Journal Article J Virol · October 2013 Featured Publication Natural hosts of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), African green monkeys (AGMs), rarely transmit SIV via breast-feeding. In order to examine the genetic diversity of breast milk SIV variants in this limited-transmission setting, we performed phylogeneti ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Infectious virion capture by HIV-1 gp120-specific IgG from RV144 vaccinees.

Journal Article J Virol · July 2013 Featured Publication The detailed examination of the antibody repertoire from RV144 provides a unique template for understanding potentially protective antibody functions. Some potential immune correlates of protection were untested in the correlates analyses due to inherent a ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Phenotypic properties of transmitted founder HIV-1.

Journal Article Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · April 23, 2013 Featured Publication Defining the virus-host interactions responsible for HIV-1 transmission, including the phenotypic requirements of viruses capable of establishing de novo infections, could be important for AIDS vaccine development. Previous analyses have failed to identify ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Influence of HLA-C expression level on HIV control.

Journal Article Science · April 5, 2013 Featured Publication A variant upstream of human leukocyte antigen C (HLA-C) shows the most significant genome-wide effect on HIV control in European Americans and is also associated with the level of HLA-C expression. We characterized the differential cell surface expression ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Concerning the article by de Carvalho Bittencourt et al.: Value of HIV patients with regular follow-up as in-house internal controls of flow cytometry measurement of lymphocyte subsets.

Journal Article Cytometry B Clin Cytom · 2013 Featured Publication Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Antiviral inhibitory capacity of CD8+ T cells predicts the rate of CD4+ T-cell decline in HIV-1 infection.

Journal Article J Infect Dis · August 15, 2012 Featured Publication BACKGROUND: Rare human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected individuals who maintain control of viremia without therapy show potent CD8+ T-cell-mediated suppression of viral replication in vitro. Whether this is a determinant of the rate of disea ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Initial HIV-1 antigen-specific CD8+ T cells in acute HIV-1 infection inhibit transmitted/founder virus replication.

Journal Article J Virol · June 2012 Featured Publication CD8-mediated virus inhibition can be detected in HIV-1-positive subjects who naturally control virus replication. Characterizing the inhibitory function of CD8(+) T cells during acute HIV-1 infection (AHI) can elucidate the nature of the CD8(+) responses t ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

The antiviral inhibitory capacity of CD8+T cells predicts the rate of CD4+cell decline in HIV-1 infection

Journal Article HIV MEDICINE · April 1, 2012 Featured Publication Open Access Link to item Cite

VERITAS?: A time for VERIQAS™ and a new approach to training, education, and the quality assessment of CD4+ T lymphocyte counting (I).

Journal Article Cytometry B Clin Cytom · March 2012 Featured Publication BACKGROUND: The aim of clinical laboratories is to produce accurate and reproducible results to enable effective and reliable clinical practice and patient management. The standard approach is to use both internal quality control (IQC) and external quality ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Elucidation of hepatitis C virus transmission and early diversification by single genome sequencing.

Journal Article PLoS Pathog · 2012 Featured Publication A precise molecular identification of transmitted hepatitis C virus (HCV) genomes could illuminate key aspects of transmission biology, immunopathogenesis and natural history. We used single genome sequencing of 2,922 half or quarter genomes from plasma vi ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Multiple HIV-1-specific IgG3 responses decline during acute HIV-1: implications for detection of incident HIV infection.

Journal Article AIDS · November 13, 2011 Featured Publication OBJECTIVE: Different HIV-1 antigen specificities appear in sequence after HIV-1 transmission and the immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclass responses to HIV antigens are distinct from each other. The initial predominant IgG subclass response to HIV-1 infection co ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Initial antibodies binding to HIV-1 gp41 in acutely infected subjects are polyreactive and highly mutated.

Journal Article J Exp Med · October 24, 2011 Featured Publication The initial antibody response to HIV-1 is targeted to envelope (Env) gp41, and is nonneutralizing and ineffective in controlling viremia. To understand the origins and characteristics of gp41-binding antibodies produced shortly after HIV-1 transmission, we ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Whole Blood Transcriptional Monitoring of Acute HIV-1 Infection Reveals Differential Signatures of Host Immune Activation

Conference AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES · October 1, 2011 Link to item Cite

Development of CAVD/EQAPOL Long-Term PBMC Repository ('07-'10) @ DUMC; T-Cell Functionality as Measured by ELISpot and Flow Cytometry Is Maintained Ov

Conference AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES · October 1, 2011 Link to item Cite

HIV-specific functional antibody responses in breast milk mirror those in plasma and are primarily mediated by IgG antibodies.

Journal Article J Virol · September 2011 Featured Publication Despite months of mucosal virus exposure, the majority of breastfed infants born to HIV-infected mothers do not become infected, raising the possibility that immune factors in milk inhibit mucosal transmission of HIV. HIV Envelope (Env)-specific antibodies ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Origin and evolution of HIV-1 in breast milk determined by single-genome amplification and sequencing.

Journal Article J Virol · March 2011 Featured Publication HIV transmission via breastfeeding accounts for a considerable proportion of infant HIV acquisition. However, the origin and evolution of the virus population in breast milk, the likely reservoir of transmitted virus variants, are not well characterized. I ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Flow cytometric methods for prenatal and neonatal diagnosis.

Journal Article J Immunol Methods · January 5, 2011 Featured Publication Flow cytometry offers a promising alternative to the current methods of amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling (CVS) for fetal cell sorting for prenatal diagnosis. While flow cytometric methods have been greatly improved to be more sensitive at detecti ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

The magnitude and kinetics of the mucosal HIV-specific CD8+ T lymphocyte response and virus RNA load in breast milk.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2011 Featured Publication BACKGROUND: The risk of postnatal HIV transmission is associated with the magnitude of the milk virus load. While HIV-specific cellular immune responses control systemic virus load and are detectable in milk, the contribution of these responses to the cont ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

H3N2 influenza infection elicits more cross-reactive and less clonally expanded anti-hemagglutinin antibodies than influenza vaccination.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2011 Featured Publication BACKGROUND: During the recent H1N1 influenza pandemic, excess morbidity and mortality was seen in young but not older adults suggesting that prior infection with influenza strains may have protected older subjects. In contrast, a history of recent seasonal ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

A model for harmonizing flow cytometry in clinical trials.

Journal Article Nat Immunol · November 2010 Featured Publication Complexities in sample handling, instrument setup and data analysis are barriers to the effective use of flow cytometry to monitor immunological parameters in clinical trials. The novel use of a central laboratory may help mitigate these issues. ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

COMPARISON OF BD FACSCALIBUR AND BD FACSCOUNT FLOW CYTOMETERS IN AN INTERNATIONAL EXTERNAL QUALITY ASSESSMENT PROGRAM (EQA)

Conference CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY · November 1, 2010 Link to item Cite

CD4 T Cell Assessments in Evaluation of HIV Therapeutics

Journal Article · October 27, 2010 Featured Publication Full text Open Access Cite

Local production of HIV variants in breast milk of chronically HIV-infected, lactating women

Conference AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES · October 1, 2010 Link to item Cite

Phenotypic and functional profile of HIV-inhibitory CD8 T cells elicited by natural infection and heterologous prime/boost vaccination.

Journal Article J Virol · May 2010 Featured Publication Control of HIV-1 replication following nonsterilizing HIV-1 vaccination could be achieved by vaccine-elicited CD8(+) T-cell-mediated antiviral activity. To date, neither the functional nor the phenotypic profiles of CD8(+) T cells capable of this activity ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Comparison of interlaboratory variation in absolute T-cell counts by single-platform and optimized dual-platform methods.

Journal Article Cytometry B Clin Cytom · May 2010 Featured Publication BACKGROUND: Previous studies have reported that the adoption of a single-platform flow cytometry cell counting method resulted in lower interlaboratory variation in absolute T cell counts as compared to predicate dual-platform flow cytometry methods which ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Anti-phospholipid human monoclonal antibodies inhibit CCR5-tropic HIV-1 and induce beta-chemokines.

Journal Article J Exp Med · April 12, 2010 Featured Publication Traditional antibody-mediated neutralization of HIV-1 infection is thought to result from the binding of antibodies to virions, thus preventing virus entry. However, antibodies that broadly neutralize HIV-1 are rare and are not induced by current vaccines. ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

OA011-04. Striking elevations in systemic and mucosal cytokine and chemokine levels in acute HIV-1 infection

Journal Article Retrovirology · October 22, 2009 Featured Publication Full text Cite

P04-45. Characterization of the plasma cell repertoire in acute HIV-1 infection (AHI)

Conference Retrovirology · October 22, 2009 Featured Publication Full text Cite

P15-05. Evaluation and recommendations on good clinical laboratory practice (GCLP) guidelines for phase I-III HIV vaccine clinical trials

Journal Article Retrovirology · October 22, 2009 Featured Publication Full text Cite

Abstracts of AIDS Vaccine 2009. Paris, France. October 19-22, 2009.

Conference Retrovirology · October 2009 Featured Publication Full text Cite

Evaluation of the blood stabilizers TransFix and Cyto-Chex BCT for low-cost CD4 T-cell methodologies.

Journal Article Viral Immunol · October 2009 Featured Publication TransFix(TM) and Cyto-Chex((R)) BCT (blood collection tube) reagents have been shown to maintain whole blood integrity for delayed immunophenotyping by flow cytometry. We evaluated the ability of these blood-stabilizing reagents to preserve HIV-seropositiv ... Full text Link to item Cite

net P01-01. The blood transcriptional response to early acute HIV infection is transient and responsive to antiretroviral therapy

Journal Article Retrovirology · September 22, 2009 Featured Publication Full text Cite

High-throughput isolation of immunoglobulin genes from single human B cells and expression as monoclonal antibodies.

Journal Article J Virol Methods · June 2009 Featured Publication Defining human B cell repertoires to viral pathogens is critical for design of vaccines that induce broadly protective antibodies to infections such as HIV-1 and influenza. Single B cell sorting and cloning of immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy- and light-chain var ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evaluation and recommendations on good clinical laboratory practice guidelines for phase I-III clinical trials.

Journal Article PLoS Med · May 26, 2009 Featured Publication Marcella Sarzotti-Kelsoe and colleagues harmonize various approaches to Good Clinical Laboratory Practice for clinical trials into a single set of recommendations. ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Evaluation and Recommendations on Good Clinical Laboratory Practice Guidelines for Phase I-III Clinical Trials

Journal Article PLOS MEDICINE · 2009 Full text Cite

Tissue-specific genetic control of splicing: implications for the study of complex traits.

Journal Article PLoS Biol · December 23, 2008 Featured Publication Numerous genome-wide screens for polymorphisms that influence gene expression have provided key insights into the genetic control of transcription. Despite this work, the relevance of specific polymorphisms to in vivo expression and splicing remains unclea ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

CD4 immunophenotyping in HIV infection.

Journal Article Nat Rev Microbiol · November 2008 Featured Publication The ability to rapidly identify immune cell subsets such as CD4 cells, which became possible around the same time as the onset of the HIV/AIDS pandemic, was one of the greatest advances in clinical and diagnostic immunology. The evolution of this global pa ... Full text Link to item Cite

ESTABLISHING LINEARITY OF FLOW CYTOMETERS: A NOVEL APPROACH USING STABILIZED WHOLE BLOOD

Conference CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY · November 1, 2008 Link to item Cite

Establishing PBMC Repository for T Cell Assays Optimization and Proficiency Testing in CTC-VIMC Laboratories

Conference AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES · October 1, 2008 Link to item Cite

Induction of plasma (TRAIL), TNFR-2, Fas ligand, and plasma microparticles after human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transmission: implications for HIV-1 vaccine design.

Journal Article J Virol · August 2008 Featured Publication The death of CD4(+) CCR5(+) T cells is a hallmark of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We studied the plasma levels of cell death mediators and products--tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), Fas ligand, TNF rec ... Full text Link to item Cite

A North American multilaboratory study of CD4 counts using flow cytometric panLeukogating (PLG): a NIAID-DAIDS Immunology Quality Assessment Program Study.

Journal Article Cytometry B Clin Cytom · 2008 Featured Publication BACKGROUND: The global HIV/AIDS pandemic and guidelines for initiating anti-retroviral therapy (ART) and opportunistic infection prophylaxis demand affordable, reliable, and accurate CD4 testing. A simple innovative approach applicable to existing technolo ... Full text Link to item Cite

The global health and diagnostic (flow) cytometry--breakthroughs in HIV and tuberculosis.

Journal Article Cytometry B Clin Cytom · 2008 Featured Publication Full text Link to item Cite

Tissue-specific genetic control of splicing: Implications for the study of complex traits

Journal Article PLoS Biology · 2008 Numerous genome-wide screens for polymorphisms that influence gene expression have provided key insights into the genetic control of transcription. Despite this work, the relevance of specific polymorphisms to in vivo expression and splicing remains unclea ... Full text Cite

Evaluation to extended stability (age of blood, age of stain) of the BD-tritest CD3/CD4/CD45 reagents

Conference CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY · November 1, 2007 Link to item Cite

Evaluation of NIAID DAIDS international laboratories performing T cell immunophenotying for HIV/AIDS monitoring

Conference CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY · November 1, 2007 Link to item Cite

Quality assurance program for peripheral blood mononuclear cell cryopreservation.

Journal Article Clin Vaccine Immunol · September 2007 Featured Publication Seven Brazilian sites participating in the Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group international cryopreservation quality assurance pilot program cryopreserved and shipped peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to a central U.S. laboratory for analysis. Ce ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assessing immunophenotyping performance: proficiency-validation for adopting improved flow cytometry methods.

Journal Article Cytometry B Clin Cytom · July 2007 Featured Publication BACKGROUND: The continuous improvement and evolution of immune cell phenotyping requires periodic upgrading of laboratory methods and technology. Flow cytometry laboratories that are participating in research protocols sponsored by the NIAID are required t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Reducing the dose of smallpox vaccine reduces vaccine-associated morbidity without reducing vaccination success rates or immune responses.

Journal Article J Infect Dis · March 15, 2007 Featured Publication BACKGROUND: When the decision was made to prepare for a deliberate release of smallpox, the United States had approximately 15 million doses of Wyeth Dryvax vaccine, which was known to induce significant morbidity when used undiluted; Sanofi Pasteur, Inc., ... Full text Link to item Cite

HLA-A2-restricted human CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses to a novel epitope in vaccinia virus that is conserved among orthopox viruses.

Journal Article J Infect Dis · July 15, 2006 Featured Publication Classical major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) play an important role in protective immunity against infection with smallpox virus. The identification of target antigens is crucial for defining the role ... Full text Link to item Cite

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in pregnant women and cats in Grenada, West Indies.

Journal Article J Parasitol · June 2006 Featured Publication Prevalence of antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii was studied in 534 pregnant women and 40 domestic cats in Grenada, West Indies. Antibodies (IgG) for T. gondii were sought in human sera by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and in cat sera by using the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of pregnancy and human immunodeficiency virus infection on intracellular interleukin-2 production patterns.

Journal Article Clin Diagn Lab Immunol · July 2004 Featured Publication Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection decreases the production of interleukin-2 (IL-2) from CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Recombinant IL-2 (rIl-2) has been given to HIV-infected individuals to generate significant increases in CD4+ T-cell counts. ... Full text Link to item Cite

IL-10 levels in Dengue patients: some findings from the exceptional epidemiological conditions in Cuba.

Journal Article J Med Virol · June 2004 The pathogenesis associated with Dengue haemorrhagic fever, has yet to be fully elucidated, with no definitive in vivo evidence. The exceptional epidemiological circumstances in Cuba allow the evaluation of different mediators in a well-defined situation. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Depressed interleukin-12-producing activity by monocytes correlates with adverse clinical course and a shift toward Th2-type lymphocyte pattern in severely injured male trauma patients.

Journal Article Crit Care Med · June 2003 OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of major trauma on the cytokine-producing activity of monocytes and CD4+ T cells in a homogeneous cohort of patients as well as to determine the relationship between monocyte and T-lymphocyte responses and clinical outcom ... Full text Link to item Cite

Paradoxical effects of a stress signal on pro- and anti-apoptotic machinery in HTLV-1 Tax expressing cells.

Journal Article Mol Cell Biochem · March 2003 Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) and HTLV-1 associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) are associated with Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection. The viral transactivator, Tax is able to mediate the cell cycle progression b ... Full text Link to item Cite

Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) inhibits the proliferation of bone marrow progenitors through the VPAC1 receptor.

Journal Article Exp Hematol · September 2002 Featured Publication OBJECTIVE: The cellular and molecular mechanisms of hematopoietic stimulation have been studied. However, an understanding of negative effects in the hematopoietic system remains elusive. To this end, we studied the effects of vasoactive intestinal peptide ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comparison of human immunodeficiency virus antigens as stimulants for lymphocyte proliferation assays.

Journal Article Clin Diagn Lab Immunol · May 2002 Featured Publication CD4 proliferative responses to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 (HIV-1) p24 (gag) antigen inversely correlate with the plasma viral load in HIV-infected subjects who control viral replication without antiretroviral therapy. Use of a single HIV ... Full text Link to item Cite

Correlates of nontransmission in US women at high risk of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection through sexual exposure.

Journal Article J Infect Dis · February 15, 2002 Seventeen women who were persistently uninfected by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), despite repeated sexual exposure, and 12 of their HIV-positive male partners were studied for antiviral correlates of non-transmission. Thirteen women had > or ... Full text Link to item Cite

The dynamics of bone marrow stromal cells in the proliferation of multipotent hematopoietic progenitors by substance P: an understanding of the effects of a neurotransmitter on the differentiating hematopoietic stem cell.

Journal Article J Neuroimmunol · December 3, 2001 Featured Publication Communication within the hematopoietic-neuroendocrine-immune axis is partly mediated by neurotransmitters (e.g. substance P, SP) and cytokines. SP mediates neuromodulation partly through the stimulation of bone marrow (BM) progenitors. This study shows tha ... Full text Link to item Cite

Decreased interferon-alpha production in HIV-infected patients correlates with numerical and functional deficiencies in circulating type 2 dendritic cell precursors.

Journal Article Clin Immunol · November 2001 Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection exhibit a progressively marked decrease in the production of virus-induced interferon (IFN)-alpha, a finding that correlates with and is highly predictive of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Relationship between oxidative burst activity and CD11b expression in neutrophils and monocytes from healthy individuals: effects of race and gender.

Journal Article Cytometry · August 15, 2001 Featured Publication Oxidative burst activity and the expression of adhesion molecules have been used as indicators of leukocyte activation status. The aim of the study was to delineate the relationship of oxidative burst activity and the expression of adhesion molecules in ne ... Full text Link to item Cite

Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transcription by chemical cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors.

Journal Article J Virol · August 2001 Cyclin-dependent kinases (cdk's) have recently been suggested to regulate human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transcription. Previously, we have shown that expression of one cdk inhibitor, p21/Waf1, is abrogated in HIV-1 latently infected cells. Ba ... Full text Link to item Cite

Augmented TNF-alpha and IL-10 production by primed human monocytes following interaction with oxidatively modified autologous erythrocytes.

Journal Article J Leukoc Biol · August 2001 The presence of dysfunctional/damaged red blood cells (RBCs) has been associated with adverse clinical effects during the inflammatory response. The aim of this study was to elucidate whether oxidatively modified, autologous RBCs modulate monocyte cytokine ... Link to item Cite

Increased incidence of sepsis and altered monocyte functions in severely injured type A- glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-deficient African American trauma patients.

Journal Article Crit Care Med · April 2001 OBJECTIVE: To determine whether trauma patients with the common, type A- glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency have an aggravated inflammatory response, increased incidence of septic complications, and/or more profound alterations in leukocyt ... Full text Link to item Cite

Duration of ruptured membranes and vertical transmission of HIV-1: a meta-analysis from 15 prospective cohort studies.

Conference AIDS · February 16, 2001 OBJECTIVE: To test the a priori hypothesis that longer duration of ruptured membranes is associated with increased risk of vertical transmission of HIV. DESIGN: The relationship between duration of ruptured membranes and vertical transmission of HIV was ev ... Full text Link to item Cite

Status of selected nutrients and progression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection.

Journal Article Am J Clin Nutr · September 2000 BACKGROUND: Immune function is highly dependent on nutritional status because the large mass and high rate of cellular turnover of the immune system make it a major user of nutrients. Furthermore, nutrient requirements may be increased during acute and chr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Influence of cognitive eating restraint on total-body measurements of bone mineral density and bone mineral content in premenopausal women aged 18-45 y: a cross-sectional study.

Journal Article Am J Clin Nutr · September 2000 BACKGROUND: We examined the relation between cognitive eating restraint (CER) and total-body measurements of bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC). OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to determine whether women with CER had lower total-body BM ... Full text Link to item Cite

NF-kappa B as a central mediator in the induction of TGF-beta in monocytes from patients with idiopathic myelofibrosis: an inflammatory response beyond the realm of homeostasis.

Journal Article J Immunol · August 15, 2000 Immune-mediated mechanisms have been implicated in the etiology of idiopathic bone marrow fibrosis (IMF). However, the mechanism remains poorly defined. Compared with healthy controls, IMF monocytes are overactivated, with increased production of TGF-beta ... Full text Link to item Cite

Overexpression of p21(waf1) in human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1-infected cells and its association with cyclin A/cdk2.

Journal Article J Virol · August 2000 Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is associated with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). T-cell transformation is mainly due to the actions of the viral phosphoprotein Tax. Tax ... Full text Link to item Cite

Multisite comparison of methods for the quantitation of the surface expression of CD38 on CD8(+) T lymphocytes. The ACTG Advanced Flow Cytometry Focus Group.

Journal Article Cytometry · June 15, 2000 We evaluated the effect of specimen processing variations and quantitation methods on quantitative determination of CD38 expression on CD8 T lymphocytes. Neither lysing reagent (ammonium chloride versus BD FACSlyse), fixation (paraformaldehyde versus no fi ... Link to item Cite

Loss of G(1)/S checkpoint in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected cells is associated with a lack of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21/Waf1.

Journal Article J Virol · June 2000 Productive high-titer infection by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) requires the activation of target cells. Infection of quiescent peripheral CD4 lymphocytes by HIV-1 results in incomplete, labile reverse transcripts and lack of viral progeny f ... Full text Link to item Cite

HIV heterosexual transmission: a hypothesis about an additional potential determinant.

Journal Article Int J Infect Dis · 2000 Transmission rates of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) during heterosexual intercourse vary dramatically around the world. In Asia and South America, they are extraordinarily high, whereas in the United States and Europe, rates are much lower even after ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of human immunodeficiency virus infection on serum beta2-microglobulin levels in pregnant women.

Journal Article Obstet Gynecol · October 1999 OBJECTIVE: To assess serum beta2-microglobulin levels in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected and uninfected pregnant women, variations of serum beta2-microglobulin levels during pregnancy and postpartum, factors that might influence beta2-microglob ... Full text Link to item Cite

Partial resistance to infection by R5X4 primary HIV type 1 isolates in an exposed-uninfected individual homozygous for CCR5 32-base pair deletion.

Journal Article AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses · September 1, 1999 It is known that certain individuals remain persistently seronegative despite repeated exposure to HIV-1. Studies have shown that some exposed uninfected (EU) individuals who are homozygous for a 32-bp deletion in the CCR5 gene are resistant to infection w ... Full text Link to item Cite

Overexpression of basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2) downregulates Bcl-2 and promotes apoptosis in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells.

Journal Article Breast Cancer Res Treat · July 1999 Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF, FGF-2), a classical transforming factor, mitogen, and survival factor in multiple cell types, and has a paradoxic role in mammary epithelial cell transformation and proliferation. We have also demonstrated that recombi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Is depression associated with immune activation?

Journal Article J Affect Disord · May 1999 BACKGROUND: Some research immunologists have suggested that major depression amd chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) are characterized by immune activation. To test this hypothesis, we compared immunological function in patients with major depression and in pat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Immunological response in chronic fatigue syndrome following a graded exercise test to exhaustion.

Journal Article J Clin Immunol · March 1999 This study was conducted to evaluate the immunological response to an exhaustive treadmill exercise test in 20 female chronic fatigue syndrome patients compared to 14 matched sedentary controls. Venipuncture was performed at baseline and 4 min, 1 hr, and 2 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Changes in immune parameters seen in Gulf War veterans but not in civilians with chronic fatigue syndrome.

Journal Article Clin Diagn Lab Immunol · January 1999 The purpose of this study was to evaluate immune function through the assessment of lymphocyte subpopulations (total T cells, major histocompatibility complex [MHC] I- and II-restricted T cells, B cells, NK cells, MHC II-restricted T-cell-derived naive and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Immunologic parameters in chronic fatigue syndrome, major depression, and multiple sclerosis.

Journal Article Am J Med · September 28, 1998 The purpose of this study was to evaluate the immune dysfunction hypothesis of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) by comparing immunologic data from patients with CFS with data from patients with other fatiguing illnesses--major depression and multiple scleros ... Full text Link to item Cite

Behavioral and demographic risk factors for transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in heterosexual couples: report from the Heterosexual HIV Transmission Study.

Journal Article Clin Infect Dis · April 1998 We compared 224 heterosexual couples who were discordant for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 infection (one partner HIV infected) with 78 HIV-concordant couples (both partners HIV infected) to identify demographic and behavioral risk factors for ... Full text Link to item Cite

Basic fibroblast growth factor downregulates Bcl-2 and promotes apoptosis in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells.

Journal Article Exp Cell Res · January 10, 1998 Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is a mitogen and a survival factor in fibroblasts and endothelial cells. It acts as an angiogenesis factor in breast cancer, but paradoxically inhibits proliferation in several breast cancer cell lines. In this study, ... Full text Link to item Cite

CD3+CD8+ cell levels as predictors of transmission in human immunodeficiency virus-infected couples: a report from the heterosexual HIV transmission study.

Journal Article Int J Infect Dis · 1998 OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to identify in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals immunologic markers that correlated with transmission of HIV by heterosexual contact. METHODS: In a case-control comparison of couples, immunologic ... Full text Link to item Cite

Herpes simplex type II and Mycoplasma genitalium as risk factors for heterosexual HIV transmission: report from the heterosexual HIV transmission study.

Journal Article Int J Infect Dis · 1998 OBJECTIVES: Two hundred twenty-four human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) discordant couples (one HIV negative, one HIV positive) were compared with 78 seroconcordant heterosexually infected couples with HIV with regard to sexually transmitted diseases. METHO ... Full text Link to item Cite

Single-blind, placebo phase-in trial of two escalating doses of selegiline in the chronic fatigue syndrome.

Journal Article Neuropsychobiology · 1998 AIM: To perform a clinical trial of selegiline in 25 patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) where patients were told they would receive placebo or active agent at different times during the 6-week trial. We chose selegiline, a specific monoamine oxid ... Full text Link to item Cite

[New evidence of the antigenic relation between the viruses of epidemic neuropathy and the human nervous system. A study of the immune cellular response in patients with epidemic neuropathy and controls. A review of the topic].

Journal Article Rev Cubana Med Trop · 1998 A series of experiments was made at the Virology Department of the "Pedro Kourí" Institute of Tropical Medicine aimed at obtaining new evidences on the possible antigenic relations existing between the viruses isolated from patients with epidemic neuropath ... Link to item Cite

The effect of total lymphoid irradiation and low-dose steroids on T lymphocyte populations in multiple sclerosis: correlation with clinical and MRI status.

Journal Article J Neurol Sci · November 25, 1997 We have monitored the cell surface phenotypic changes occurring in T, B and NK cells of chronic progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) patients after total lymphoid irradiation (TLI) plus low-dose prednisone (TLI-LDP) therapy in comparison to sham TLI-LDP. TL ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) on cytokine production and expression of VIP receptors in thymocyte subsets.

Journal Article Regul Pept · September 26, 1997 Intrathymic T cell precursors undergo a programmed sequence of developmental changes resulting in the production of mature, self-MHC restricted, single positive T lymphocytes which migrate to the periphery. The intrathymic T cell development is controlled ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evaluation of a method for counting absolute numbers of cells with a flow cytometer.

Journal Article Clin Diagn Lab Immunol · May 1997 We evaluated a method for performing absolute cell counts of lymphocyte populations with a flow cytometer. In this method, TruCount, test tubes that contain a known number of brightly fluorescent polystyrene beads are provided by the manufacturer. Whole an ... Full text Link to item Cite

Inter- and intrainstitutional evaluation of automated volumetric capillary cytometry for the quantitation of CD4- and CD8-positive T lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Site Investigators and the NIAID New CD4 Technologies Focus Group.

Journal Article Clin Diagn Lab Immunol · March 1997 Volumetric capillary cytometry (VCC) is a new technology that involves the detection and enumeration of dually fluorochrome-labeled cells in a precise volume. We compared the accuracy and precision of VCC with the accuracy and precision of flow cytometry a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Lymphocyte shedding from genital tract of human immunodeficiency virus-infected women: immunophenotypic and clinical correlates.

Journal Article Am J Obstet Gynecol · January 1997 OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to describe the lymphocyte subpopulations in genital tract samples from human immunodeficiency virus-infected women and the clinical correlates associated with lymphocyte shedding. STUDY DESIGN: Genital tract samples of women inf ... Full text Link to item Cite

Quantitative determination of surface antibody binding capacities of immune subsets present in peripheral blood of healthy adult donors.

Journal Article Cytometry · December 15, 1996 The objective of this study was to quantitate the antibody binding capacity (ABC) of CD3, CD4, CD8, CD16, and CD19 on lymphocytes and CD4 on monocytes from healthy adult donors. Peripheral blood was collected over three consecutive days and repeated in the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Development of a multiplex PCR assay for the simultaneous detection and discrimination of HIV-1, HIV-2, HTLV-I and HTLV-II.

Journal Article Clin Diagn Virol · November 1996 BACKGROUND: Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been established as a general technique for the simultaneous amplification of different target sequences. Uses of multiplex include pathogens identification, linkage analysis and genetic disease dia ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ranitidine improves lymphocyte function after severe head injury: results of a randomized, double-blind study.

Journal Article Crit Care Med · November 1996 OBJECTIVE: To study the immunomodulatory effect of the histamine receptor antagonist, ranitidine, in patients admitted to the intensive care unit after severe head injury. DESIGN: Randomized, prospective, double-blind study. SETTING: Surgical intensive car ... Full text Link to item Cite

Enhanced HIV-1 activity in bone marrow can lead to myelopoietic suppression partially contributed by gag p24.

Journal Article J Immunol · November 1, 1996 Similar to other lymphoid organs, the bone marrow (BM) is a potential reservoir for HIV-1. Although hematologic abnormalities are common in AIDS patients, the mechanisms by which HIV-1 contributes to these abnormalities are poorly understood. Hemapoietic s ... Link to item Cite

Lymphocyte immunoregulatory cells present in semen from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals: a report from the HIV Heterosexual Transmission Study.

Journal Article Cytometry · March 15, 1996 The purpose of this study was to determine the types and distribution of immune subsets present in semen from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected (HIV+) individuals and to compare these values with those measures in semen from HIV-negative (HIV-) i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Data management issues in an AIDS research environment

Journal Article IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Annual Conference · December 1, 1995 Data management issues in an AIDS environment, where clinical, laboratory and research data constantly interact to yield diagnostic and prognostic results, are dependent on a number of critical issues. These issues can be categorized into several macro and ... Cite

Evaluation of T-lymphocyte subsets present in semen and peripheral blood of healthy donors: a report from the heterosexual transmission study.

Journal Article Cytometry · August 1, 1995 The purpose of this study was to accurately determine the T-lymphocyte subsets found in semen from healthy volunteers, to evaluate the impact of repeated ejaculation on the frequency or type of immune cells present in semen, and to compare subset analysis ... Full text Link to item Cite

Determination of CD4 and CD8 lymphocyte subsets by a new alternative fluorescence immunoassay.

Journal Article Clin Diagn Lab Immunol · May 1995 The purpose of this study was to evaluate a new alternative fluorescence immunoassay method (Zymmune CD4/CD8 Cell Monitoring Kit; Zynaxis, Inc., Malvern, Pa.) for determining the absolute CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocyte concentrations in whole blood. The invest ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pediatric HIV infection in Elista, Russia: interventional strategies.

Journal Article Am J Public Health · April 1995 Link to item Cite

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type I Counseling and Testing Program in the Prenatal Setting

Journal Article Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology · January 1, 1995 Objective: The objectives of this study were to ascertain the acceptance rate of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) testing in a high-prevalence area and to describe the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of seropositive women diagnosed ... Full text Cite

Monocyte adhesion in patients with bone marrow fibrosis is required for the production of fibrogenic cytokines. Potential role for interleukin-1 and TGF-beta.

Journal Article J Immunol · September 15, 1994 Idiopathic myelofibrosis (IMF) is a hemologic disorder characterized by bone marrow (BM) fibrosis. The BM contains excessive deposits of extracellular matrix proteins and exhibits neovascularization. The fibrosis is hypothesized to be a reactive phenomenon ... Link to item Cite

Daily micronutrient supplements enhance delayed-hypersensitivity skin test responses in older people.

Journal Article Am J Clin Nutr · September 1994 A placebo-controlled double-blind trial of the effects of daily micronutrient supplements on circulating vitamin and trace metal concentrations and delayed-hypersensitivity skin test (DHST) responses was conducted. Subjects, aged 59-85 y, were randomly ass ... Full text Link to item Cite

Induction of autologous mixed lymphocyte culture responses by myelin basic protein-reactive T cell clones.

Journal Article J Neuroimmunol · February 1994 Myelin basic protein is an autoantigen present in the central nervous system suspected to be the target of destruction in multiple sclerosis. In the present study, we have demonstrated that T cell clones specific for myelin basic protein have the ability t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Data acquisition in the viral serology laboratory for clinical decision support in AIDS research

Journal Article Bioengineering Proceedings of the Northeast Conference · January 1, 1994 Research on Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection and opportunistic infections (OIs) that accompany Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) requires various resources, including biomedical instrumentation, data acquisition programs using high- or ... Cite

Towards a framework for a decision support system for integrated information retrieval in biomedical computing

Journal Article Proceedings of the Annual Conference on Engineering in Medicine and Biology · December 1, 1993 Information retrieval in a medical/health care environment is complex. Various frameworks have been developed such as the standard DBMS (database management system), the extended DBMS and the integrated DBMS approaches, which are essentially integrated IR- ... Cite

Immunologic targets of HIV infection: T cells. NICHD IVIG Clinical Trial Group, and the NHLBI P2C2 Pediatric Pulmonary and Cardiac Complications of HIV Infection Study Group.

Journal Article Ann N Y Acad Sci · October 29, 1993 One of the principal targets of HIV infection is the human peripheral blood CD4+ T cell, resulting in progressive CD4+ lymphocyte loss. Hypothesized mechanisms for this loss include apoptosis, cytolytic reactions, V-beta gene deletion of the T-cell recepto ... Full text Link to item Cite

Guideline for flow cytometric immunophenotyping: a report from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Division of AIDS.

Journal Article Cytometry · October 1993 Full text Link to item Cite

Enzyme immunoassay for detection of human immunodeficiency virus-specific immunoglobulin A antibodies.

Journal Article J Clin Microbiol · March 1993 Early diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection may be difficult in adults with acute or recent HIV infection and in infants with perinatally acquired HIV. Detection of HIV-specific immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibodies in infant serum by Weste ... Full text Link to item Cite

Implementation of an expert system for detection of lymphocyte subsets using KEE

Journal Article Bioengineering Proceedings of the Northeast Conference · January 1, 1993 Immunophenotyping is widely used in immunology research as well as clinical diagnosis. Combinations of Cluster Designation (CD) markers are used to determine the stage of leukemia progression and arrive at a diagnosis. Implementing this process using relat ... Cite

Evaluation of human T cell lymphotropic virus infection in a cohort of injecting drug users.

Journal Article J Infect Dis · October 1992 The diagnosis and confirmation of human T cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) type II infection has proven difficult, since most assays depend on antigenic cross-reactivity between HTLV-I antigens and HTLV-II antibodies. Type-specific HTLV infection rates were ... Full text Link to item Cite

An unusual case of false-positive serology for the human immunodeficiency virus: report from the heterosexual HIV transmission study.

Journal Article Clin Infect Dis · October 1992 A man was found to have a repeatedly positive enzyme immunoassay (EIA) that was confirmed by a western blot with six positive bands. He was told that he was seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), but subsequent EIAs were negative and west ... Full text Link to item Cite

Idiopathic CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia.

Journal Article Lancet · September 5, 1992 Link to item Cite

Idiopathic CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia.

Journal Article Lancet · September 5, 1992 Link to item Cite

Lymphocyte subsets in healthy children during the first 5 years of life.

Journal Article JAMA · March 18, 1992 OBJECTIVE: To assess whether relative and absolute values of CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes and CD4/CD8 ratio change in relation to age, and to estimate the fifth and 95th percentiles for these values in children of various ages. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Phenotypic ... Link to item Cite

An expert system model for detection of lymphocyte subsets

Conference Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society EMBS · January 1, 1992 Flow cytometric analysis permits us to use known combinations of mo nolonal antiboies in immunophenotyping the path of lymphoytic leukemia, non-hodgkin lymphomas and mv asociated disass. Our expert system model utilizes the values obtained from Flow Cytome ... Full text Cite

Pediatric HIV infection: Epidemiology, treatment, and diagnostic issues

Journal Article Clinical Immunology Newsletter · January 1, 1992 Full text Cite

Clinical and laboratory correlates of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in children infected with HIV.

Journal Article JAMA · April 3, 1991 The case histories of 27 children with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) who were followed up in the AIDS Program at the Children's Hospital of New Jersey, Newark, are reviewed. The mean and median age at PCP diagnosis were 10.8 and 7.7 months, respecti ... Link to item Cite

Flow cytometry in pediatric immunologic disorders

Journal Article Clinical Immunology Newsletter · January 1, 1991 Lymphocyte phenotyping by flow cytometric methods has become a standard tool for evaluating infants and children for primary or secondary immunodeficiency disorders. Flow technology is additionally attractive for pediatric use since sample requirements are ... Full text Cite

Decreased suppressor-inducer T lymphocytes in multiple sclerosis and other neurological diseases.

Journal Article J Neuroimmunol · July 1990 Decreased numbers of CD4+CD45R+ suppressor-inducer T cells have been reported in patients with a variety of autoimmune diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis but not in patients with other neurological ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of one year of supplementation with zinc and other micronutrients on cellular immunity in the elderly.

Journal Article J Am Coll Nutr · June 1990 The objective of this study was to determine the effects of a year of Zn supplementation on Zn concentrations in circulating cells and on cellular immune functions in the elderly. Subjects, aged 60-89, were given a placebo, 15 mg Zn, or 100 mg Zn daily for ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evaluation of an atypical HIV type 1 antibody. Serologic pattern leading to detection of HIV type 2 infection in North America.

Journal Article Arch Pathol Lab Med · November 1989 The variability and discordance of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) antibody enzyme immunoassay determinations on serial specimens derived, to our knowledge, from the first documented case of HIV-2 infection in North America are described. The i ... Link to item Cite

Positively selected Leu-11a (CD16+) cells require the presence of accessory cells or factors for the lysis of herpes simplex virus-infected fibroblasts but not herpes simplex virus-infected Raji.

Journal Article J Immunol · August 15, 1989 Previous studies from our laboratory indicated that human NK activity against HSV-infected fibroblasts (HSV-Fs) but not K562 targets was sensitive to treatment with anti-HLA-DR plus C. In the current study, we have selected Leu-11a+ (CD-16) cells by fluore ... Link to item Cite

HIV-2-associated AIDS in the United States. The first case.

Journal Article Arch Intern Med · August 1989 A 41-year-old woman from the Cape Verde Islands, Africa, who had been residing in the United States for 11 months was found to have human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2)-associated acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Antibody to HIV-2 was foun ... Link to item Cite

Elevated serum levels of tumor necrosis factor are associated with progressive encephalopathy in children with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

Journal Article Am J Dis Child · July 1989 The cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF) was assayed in the sera (n = 31) and cerebrospinal fluid (n = 26) of children with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, using a competitive radioimmunoassay. Elevated serum levels of TNF were found in 15 (79%) of 19 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Zinc and immunocompetence in elderly people: effects of zinc supplementation for 3 months.

Journal Article Am J Clin Nutr · September 1988 One hundred and three apparently healthy elderly subjects age 60-89 y were randomly assigned to one of three treatments: placebo, 15 mg zinc/d, or 100 mg Zn/d for 3 mo. Plasma Zn was significantly increased only in the 100 mg Zn group. Zn concentrations in ... Full text Link to item Cite

T cell subsets and disease progression after total lymphoid irradiation in chronic progressive multiple sclerosis.

Journal Article J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry · July 1988 T lymphocyte subset percentages were determined in 16 total lymphoid irradiation (TLI) treated and 18 sham treated control patients with chronic progressive multiple sclerosis. During the first year after treatment, the ratio of T helper/inducer to T suppr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Restriction of tumor growth in mice by sodium-deficient diet.

Journal Article Cancer Res · June 15, 1988 Generalized malnutrition results in inhibition of tumorigenesis and tumor growth in experimental animal models. Neither the specific nutrient deficiency nor the mechanism has been definitely elucidated. We have shown previously that dietary sodium deprivat ... Link to item Cite

22Na+ and 86Rb+ transport in vascular smooth muscle of SHR, Wistar Kyoto, and Wistar rats.

Journal Article J Cardiovasc Pharmacol · June 1988 To gain further insight into differences in cellular Na+ and K+ regulation between the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR), Wistar Kyoto (WKY), and American Wistar (W) rats, 22Na+ and 86Rb+ washouts were performed under steady-state conditions in cultured ... Full text Link to item Cite

²²Na⁺ and ⁸⁶Rb⁺ transport in vascular smooth muscle of SHR, Wistar Kyoto, and Wistar rats

Journal Article Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology · 1988 To gain further insight into differences in cellular Na+ and K+ regulation between the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR), Wistar Kyoto (WKY), and American Wistar (W) rats, 22Na+ and 86Rb+ washouts were performed under steady-state conditions in cultured ... Cite

Effects of human growth hormone on immune functions: in vitro studies on cells of normal and growth hormone-deficient children.

Journal Article Life Sci · November 16, 1987 We have studied the in vitro effects of human growth hormone on cell surface markers and mitogenic responses of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of normal and growth hormone-deficient children before, during and after treatment with growth hormone. Growt ... Full text Link to item Cite

Zinc and immunocompetence in the elderly: baseline data on zinc nutriture and immunity in unsupplemented subjects.

Journal Article Am J Clin Nutr · July 1987 Zinc nutriture and immune function were studied in 100 subjects, age 60-89 yr. Mean (+/- SD) zinc concentrations found were 84.8 +/- 15.5 micrograms/dL (13.0 +/- 2.4 microM) for plasma, 1.04 +/- 0.24 micrograms (0.016 +/- 0.004 mumol)/10(9) cells for eryth ... Full text Link to item Cite

Polyclonal polymorphic B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder with prominent pulmonary involvement in children with acquired immune deficiency syndrome.

Journal Article Cancer · April 15, 1987 Four cases of pediatric Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) with lymphoproliferative disorder are described and other lymphoid lesions in previously reported cases of pediatric AIDS are reviewed. The lymphoproliferative disorder was characterized by ... Full text Link to item Cite

Suppression of immune function in growth hormone-deficient children during treatment with human growth hormone.

Journal Article J Pediatr · September 1986 Inasmuch as growth hormone is known to interact with the immune system, we studied immune functions including immunoglobulins, cell surface markers, mitogen responses, and polymorphonuclear cell function in eight children with growth hormone deficiency, ag ... Full text Link to item Cite

Suppressor function of T lymphocytes in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome as assessed by allogeneic mixed lymphocyte culture.

Journal Article J Clin Lab Immunol · February 1985 Nine patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) were studied for suppressor cell activity utilizing an allogeneic mixed lymphocyte culture technique. The patients studied had opportunistic infections and a high incidence of intravenous dru ... Link to item Cite

Evidence against transmission of human T-lymphotropic virus/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (HTLV-III/LAV) in families of children with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

Journal Article Pediatr Infect Dis · 1985 Six children with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and 12 of their household contacts were investigated serologically for evidence of infection with human T-lymphotropic virus/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (HTLV-III/LAV), the presumed etiol ... Full text Link to item Cite

Age-dependent alterations of peritoneal exudate macrophages in autoimmune-prone and autoimmune-resistant mouse strains.

Journal Article Cell Immunol · February 1984 Comparisons were made with age on phagocytosis, chemotaxis, and esterase staining of autoimmune-resistant and autoimmune-susceptible mouse strains. Consistent increases of each parameter occurred with age. Autoimmune strains generally showed less change wi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Analysis of T-cell subsets in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a correlation with the stage of disease.

Journal Article Am J Hematol · January 1984 T-cell subsets were determined by the Leu monoclonal antibodies in the peripheral blood and/or bone marrow of 52 patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) not on therapy at the time of study. The diagnosis of B-CLL required that the leukemi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pancreatic islet cell carcinoma associated with multiple hormone secretion and pancytopenia. Evidence of a serum factor suppressing hematopoiesis.

Journal Article Cancer · May 1, 1983 A case of metastatic islet cell carcinoma of the pancreas associated with the production of multiple polypeptide hormones (insulin, glucagon, and gastrin) is described. Three years prior to the histologic diagnosis the patient presented with a gastric ulce ... Full text Link to item Cite

Characterization of B-cell type chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells by surface markers and a monoclonal antibody.

Journal Article Am J Med · December 1982 This study was carried out to determine the reactivity of the Leu-1 mouse monoclonal antibody with B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia and other B-cell leukemias. This antibody has been previously reported to recognize a surface antigen expressed by almost all ... Full text Link to item Cite

Analysis of T-cell differentiation antigens in acute lymphatic leukemia using monoclonal antibodies.

Journal Article Blood · September 1982 Leukemic cells in 134 patients with ALL were analyzed by a panel of mouse monoclonal antibodies. Two antibodies are reactive with all peripheral blood T cells but define different surface antigens (Leu-1 and Leu-4). Two other antibodies react with antigens ... Link to item Cite

Changes in macrophages and their functions with aging in C57BL/6J, AKR/J, and SJL/J mice.

Journal Article Cell Immunol · May 15, 1982 Full text Link to item Cite

Opportunistic infections and Kaposi's sarcoma in homosexual men.

Journal Article N Engl J Med · April 15, 1982 Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of adriamycin and Corynebacterium parvum in tumor-bearing mice: modulation of response to sheep red blood cells.

Journal Article J Natl Cancer Inst · August 1979 Administration of adriamycin and Corynebacterium parvum alone in C57BL/6J mice bearing Lewis lung carcinoma stimulated the direct (19S) and indirect (7S) plaque-forming cell (PFC) response specific for sheep red blood cells. Thus adriamycin appears to poss ... Link to item Cite

Induction of erythrocyte antibodies by experimental tumors and C. parvum

Journal Article Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research · January 1, 1979 Cite

An electronic method for counting human T and B cell rosettes.

Journal Article Vox Sang · 1979 This study reports the adaptation of an electronic particle-counting method for the enumeration of T cell and B cell rosettes of human lymphocytes. This method and the conventional hemocytometer method were compared in parallel on seventeen T cell and seve ... Full text Link to item Cite

Immune responses during administration of adriamycin and Corynebacterium parvum.

Journal Article Clin Immunol Immunopathol · February 1978 Full text Link to item Cite

Organ distribution of Corynebacterium parvum labeled with iodine-125.

Journal Article J Natl Cancer Inst · February 1977 Administration of iv, ip, single sc, multiple sc, and footpad injections of [125I]Corynebacterium parvum in mice revealed different patterns of radioactive vaccine distribution in various organs. High deposition and retention were found in the liver, splee ... Full text Link to item Cite