Scholars@Duke
Herbert Kim Lyerly

Herbert Kim Lyerly

George Barth Geller Distinguished Professor of Immunology
Surgery, Surgical Sciences
lyerl001@mc.duke.edu
Box 2606 Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27710
203 Research Drive, Rm 433B, Box 2606, Durham, NC 27710

Selected Publications

Nonlinear progression during the occult transition establishes cancer lethality.

Journal Article Dis Model Mech · March 1, 2025 Cancer screening relies upon a linear model of neoplastic growth and progression. Yet, historical observations suggest that malignant progression is uncoupled from growth, which may explain the paradoxical increase in early-stage breast cancer detection wi ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Vaccines targeting ESR1 activating mutations elicit anti-tumor immune responses and suppress estrogen signaling in therapy resistant ER+ breast cancer.

Journal Article Hum Vaccin Immunother · December 31, 2024 ER+ breast cancers (BC) are characterized by the elevated expression and signaling of estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1), which renders them sensitive to anti-endocrine therapy. While these therapies are clinically effective, prolonged treatment inevitably res ... Full text Link to item Cite

Vaccination Against Androgen Receptor Splice Variants to Immunologically Target Prostate Cancer.

Journal Article Vaccines (Basel) · November 13, 2024 Background/Objectives: Androgen receptor (AR) expression and signaling are critical for the progression of prostate cancer and have been the therapeutic focus of prostate cancer for over 50 years. While a variety of agents have been developed to target thi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Abstract B009: Enhancing Antitumor Immune Responses: Trastuzumab Deruxtecan (T- DXd) Induces Immunogenic Cell Death and Phagocytosis, Synergizing with CD47/SIRPα Checkpoint Blockade

Conference Cancer Immunology Research · October 18, 2024 AbstractTrastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd), or fam-trastuzumab-deruxtecan-nxki, is a novel antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) targeting HER2 that has demonstrated profound clinical efficacy across HER2-positive breas ... Full text Cite

Abstract A059: Uncovering Bystander Killing Mechanisms of Trastuzumab Deruxtecan (T-DXd): Effective Extracellular Payload Release via Cathepsin L in HER2-low Breast Cancer.

Conference Cancer Immunology Research · October 18, 2024 AbstractTrastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd), or fam-trastuzumab-deruxtecan-nxki, is a novel antibody-drug-conjugate (ADC) targeting HER2 that has demonstrated profound clinical efficacy across HER2-positive breas ... Full text Cite

Abstract PO3-26-06: A self-replicating RNA Precision Immunotherapeutic for Overcoming Resistance to Endocrine Therapy in Estrogen Receptor Positive Breast Cancer (ER+BC)

Conference Cancer Research · May 2, 2024 AbstractAdvanced or metastatic ER+HER2- breast cancer (ER+BC) is an incurable disease. Standard 1L therapy (SOC) utilizes endocrine blockade with a nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor (NSAI) combined with a CDK ... Full text Cite

FIGURE 2 from Overcoming Xenoantigen Immunity to Enable Cellular Tracking and Gene Regulation with Immune-competent “NoGlow” Mice

Other · April 9, 2024 <p>Mutant GFP and luciferase induce immune responses comparable with wild-type (WT) proteins. <b>A,</b> WT male Balb/c mice were vaccinated with Ad encoding WT or mutant copies of GFP (ΔT64; <i>n</i> = 5/group) and ser ... Full text Cite

Figure S2 from Overcoming Xenoantigen Immunity to Enable Cellular Tracking and Gene Regulation with Immune-competent “NoGlow” Mice

Other · April 9, 2024 <p>Validating mutant GFP and Luc activity in Adenovirus vaccines</p> ... Full text Cite

FIGURE 7 from Overcoming Xenoantigen Immunity to Enable Cellular Tracking and Gene Regulation with Immune-competent “NoGlow” Mice

Other · April 9, 2024 <p>Summary of tumor behavior in differentially tolerant animal models. <b>A,</b> Xenoantigen-bearing tumor cells implanted orthotopically into immune-deficient mice typically grow and metastasize as expected and can be easily obse ... Full text Cite

FIGURE 6 from Overcoming Xenoantigen Immunity to Enable Cellular Tracking and Gene Regulation with Immune-competent “NoGlow” Mice

Other · April 9, 2024 <p>NoGlow mice reveal unappreciated metastatic dynamics independent of the primary tumor. <b>A,</b> Tumor growth of triple transgenic (3 ×) B16-F10 cells (10<sup>5</sup>) after subcutaneous implantation into the flank ... Full text Cite

FIGURE 5 from Overcoming Xenoantigen Immunity to Enable Cellular Tracking and Gene Regulation with Immune-competent “NoGlow” Mice

Other · April 9, 2024 <p>Tumor cells expressing GFP, rtTA, and Luciferase successfully engraft in NoGlow mice. <b>A,</b> Diagram of triple-transgenic (3 ×) E0771 cells. GFP and rtTA are constitutively expressed and Luc is induced with the addition of d ... Full text Cite

FIGURE 6 from Overcoming Xenoantigen Immunity to Enable Cellular Tracking and Gene Regulation with Immune-competent “NoGlow” Mice

Other · April 9, 2024 <p>NoGlow mice reveal unappreciated metastatic dynamics independent of the primary tumor. <b>A,</b> Tumor growth of triple transgenic (3 ×) B16-F10 cells (10<sup>5</sup>) after subcutaneous implantation into the flank ... Full text Cite

Overcoming Xenoantigen Immunity to Enable Cellular Tracking and Gene Regulation with Immune-competent "NoGlow" Mice.

Journal Article Cancer Res Commun · April 9, 2024 UNLABELLED: The ability to temporally regulate gene expression and track labeled cells makes animal models powerful biomedical tools. However, sudden expression of xenobiotic genes [e.g., GFP, luciferase (Luc), or rtTA3] can trigger inadvertent immunity th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Figure S4 from Overcoming Xenoantigen Immunity to Enable Cellular Tracking and Gene Regulation with Immune-competent “NoGlow” Mice

Other · April 9, 2024 <p>Confirming triple-transgenic GFP rtTA-Luc construct in E0771 cells</p> ... Full text Cite

FIGURE 4 from Overcoming Xenoantigen Immunity to Enable Cellular Tracking and Gene Regulation with Immune-competent “NoGlow” Mice

Other · April 9, 2024 <p>NoGlow mice reveal the impact of sex and tissue distribution on immune tolerance. <b>A,</b> Male WT (<i>n</i> = 3), CAG Luc-GFP (<i>n</i> = 3), and NoGlow+ (<i>n</i> = 6) or NoGlow− (<i&gt ... Full text Cite

Figure S1 from Overcoming Xenoantigen Immunity to Enable Cellular Tracking and Gene Regulation with Immune-competent “NoGlow” Mice

Other · April 9, 2024 <p>Additional E0771 tumor growth in WT, GH, and CAG Luc-GFP mice; MMTV CAG HER2 Ad-HER2 vaccination T cell responses.</p> ... Full text Cite

FIGURE 7 from Overcoming Xenoantigen Immunity to Enable Cellular Tracking and Gene Regulation with Immune-competent “NoGlow” Mice

Other · April 9, 2024 <p>Summary of tumor behavior in differentially tolerant animal models. <b>A,</b> Xenoantigen-bearing tumor cells implanted orthotopically into immune-deficient mice typically grow and metastasize as expected and can be easily obse ... Full text Cite

Data from Overcoming Xenoantigen Immunity to Enable Cellular Tracking and Gene Regulation with Immune-competent “NoGlow” Mice

Other · April 9, 2024 <div>Abstract<p>The ability to temporally regulate gene expression and track labeled cells makes animal models powerful biomedical tools. However, sudden expression of xenobiotic genes [e.g., GFP, luciferase (Luc), or rtTA3] can trigger ... Full text Cite

Data from Overcoming Xenoantigen Immunity to Enable Cellular Tracking and Gene Regulation with Immune-competent “NoGlow” Mice

Other · April 9, 2024 <div>Abstract<p>The ability to temporally regulate gene expression and track labeled cells makes animal models powerful biomedical tools. However, sudden expression of xenobiotic genes [e.g., GFP, luciferase (Luc), or rtTA3] can trigger ... Full text Cite

FIGURE 1 from Overcoming Xenoantigen Immunity to Enable Cellular Tracking and Gene Regulation with Immune-competent “NoGlow” Mice

Other · April 9, 2024 <p>Tolerance to foreign antigens is animal model specific. <b>A</b> and <b>B,</b> Mice expressing GFP and Luc in the pituitary (GH; <i>n</i> = 5), full-body GFP, and Luc (CAG Luc-GFP; <i>n</i> = ... Full text Cite

FIGURE 3 from Overcoming Xenoantigen Immunity to Enable Cellular Tracking and Gene Regulation with Immune-competent “NoGlow” Mice

Other · April 9, 2024 <p>NoGlow mice express eGFP and Luciferase without background fluorescence and bioluminescence. <b>A,</b> Diagram of the NoGlow construct. LoxP-flanked stop site prevents expression of the NoGlow construct in the absence of Cre re ... Full text Cite

FIGURE 4 from Overcoming Xenoantigen Immunity to Enable Cellular Tracking and Gene Regulation with Immune-competent “NoGlow” Mice

Other · April 9, 2024 <p>NoGlow mice reveal the impact of sex and tissue distribution on immune tolerance. <b>A,</b> Male WT (<i>n</i> = 3), CAG Luc-GFP (<i>n</i> = 3), and NoGlow+ (<i>n</i> = 6) or NoGlow− (<i&gt ... Full text Cite

FIGURE 5 from Overcoming Xenoantigen Immunity to Enable Cellular Tracking and Gene Regulation with Immune-competent “NoGlow” Mice

Other · April 9, 2024 <p>Tumor cells expressing GFP, rtTA, and Luciferase successfully engraft in NoGlow mice. <b>A,</b> Diagram of triple-transgenic (3 ×) E0771 cells. GFP and rtTA are constitutively expressed and Luc is induced with the addition of d ... Full text Cite

Figure S4 from Overcoming Xenoantigen Immunity to Enable Cellular Tracking and Gene Regulation with Immune-competent “NoGlow” Mice

Other · April 9, 2024 <p>Confirming triple-transgenic GFP rtTA-Luc construct in E0771 cells</p> ... Full text Cite

FIGURE 3 from Overcoming Xenoantigen Immunity to Enable Cellular Tracking and Gene Regulation with Immune-competent “NoGlow” Mice

Other · April 9, 2024 <p>NoGlow mice express eGFP and Luciferase without background fluorescence and bioluminescence. <b>A,</b> Diagram of the NoGlow construct. LoxP-flanked stop site prevents expression of the NoGlow construct in the absence of Cre re ... Full text Cite

FIGURE 1 from Overcoming Xenoantigen Immunity to Enable Cellular Tracking and Gene Regulation with Immune-competent “NoGlow” Mice

Other · April 9, 2024 <p>Tolerance to foreign antigens is animal model specific. <b>A</b> and <b>B,</b> Mice expressing GFP and Luc in the pituitary (GH; <i>n</i> = 5), full-body GFP, and Luc (CAG Luc-GFP; <i>n</i> = ... Full text Cite

FIGURE 2 from Overcoming Xenoantigen Immunity to Enable Cellular Tracking and Gene Regulation with Immune-competent “NoGlow” Mice

Other · April 9, 2024 <p>Mutant GFP and luciferase induce immune responses comparable with wild-type (WT) proteins. <b>A,</b> WT male Balb/c mice were vaccinated with Ad encoding WT or mutant copies of GFP (ΔT64; <i>n</i> = 5/group) and ser ... Full text Cite

Figure S2 from Overcoming Xenoantigen Immunity to Enable Cellular Tracking and Gene Regulation with Immune-competent “NoGlow” Mice

Other · April 9, 2024 <p>Validating mutant GFP and Luc activity in Adenovirus vaccines</p> ... Full text Cite

Figure S1 from Overcoming Xenoantigen Immunity to Enable Cellular Tracking and Gene Regulation with Immune-competent “NoGlow” Mice

Other · April 9, 2024 <p>Additional E0771 tumor growth in WT, GH, and CAG Luc-GFP mice; MMTV CAG HER2 Ad-HER2 vaccination T cell responses.</p> ... Full text Cite

Abstract 2458: Targeting the CXCR3 axis in HER2+ breast cancer to enhance anti-tumor immunity

Conference Cancer Research · March 22, 2024 AbstractBreast cancer (BC) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women worldwide with more than 2 million new cases in 2020. The efficacy of immunotherapies for BC is limited, with response rates of &am ... Full text Cite

Abstract 3985: Immune-competent “NoGlow” transgenic mice overcome restrictive tolerance to multiple xenoantigens and simultaneously permit identification, tracking, and temporal gene expression in tumor cells

Conference Cancer Research · March 22, 2024 AbstractThe ability to temporally regulate gene expression and track labeled cells make animal models powerful biomedical tools. However, sudden exposure to xenobiotic genes (e.g. GFP, luciferase (luc), or r ... Full text Cite

Abstract 5296: Enhancing the strength and durability of vaccine-induced anti-tumor immunity with CD27 agonism of CD4+ T cells

Conference Cancer Research · March 22, 2024 AbstractDespite encouraging early phase clinical trials, decades of research have yet to yield effective cancer vaccine immunotherapies. To determine potential markers for success, we performed a follow-up s ... Full text Cite

Immune Assessment Today: Optimizing and Standardizing Efforts to Monitor Immune Responses in Cancer and Beyond.

Journal Article Cancers (Basel) · January 23, 2024 As part of a symposium, current and former directors of Immune Monitoring cores and investigative oncologists presented insights into the past, present and future of immune assessment. Dr. Gnjatic presented a classification of immune monitoring technologie ... Full text Link to item Cite

Synchronized autologous T-cell immunotherapy with hyperthermia to previously heavy treated advanced renal cell carcinoma.

Journal Article Int J Hyperthermia · 2024 PURPOSE: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and target therapy have provided the clinical efficacy for improving the clinical progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) for patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). There has been little rep ... Full text Link to item Cite

CEA vaccines.

Journal Article Hum Vaccin Immunother · December 15, 2023 Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a glycosylated cell surface oncofetal protein involved in adhesion, proliferation, and migration that is highly upregulated in multiple carcinomas and has long been a promising target for cancer vaccination. This review su ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dormant tumors circumvent tumor-specific adaptive immunity by establishing a Treg-dominated niche via DKK3.

Journal Article JCI Insight · November 22, 2023 Approximately 30% of breast cancer survivors deemed free of disease will experience locoregional or metastatic recurrence even up to 30 years after initial diagnosis, yet how residual/dormant tumor cells escape immunity elicited by the primary tumor remain ... Full text Link to item Cite

Beyond Neoantigens: Antigens Derived from Tumor Drivers as Cancer Vaccine Targets.

Journal Article Clin Cancer Res · September 1, 2023 A vaccine targeting HER2, a nonmutated but overexpressed tumor antigen, readily primed T cells for ex vivo expansion and adoptive transfer with minimal toxicity. This regimen led to intramolecular epitope spreading in a majority of patients and offers a tr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Global Cancer Drug Development-A Report From the 2022 Accelerating Anticancer Agent Development and Validation Meeting.

Journal Article JCO Glob Oncol · September 2023 Rapidly expanding systemic treatment options, combined with improved screening, diagnostic, surgical, and radiotherapy techniques, have led to improved survival outcomes for many cancers over time. However, these overall survival gains have disproportionat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Clinical trials of self-replicating RNA-based cancer vaccines.

Journal Article Cancer Gene Ther · June 2023 Therapeutic cancer vaccines, designed to activate immune effectors against tumor antigens, utilize a number of different platforms for antigen delivery. Among these are messenger RNAs (mRNA), successfully deployed in some prophylactic SARS-CoV2 vaccines. T ... Full text Link to item Cite

Abstract 2732: A self-replicating RNA precision medicine approach to therapeutic protein delivery of narrow therapeutic index biomolecules

Conference Cancer Research · April 4, 2023 AbstractProtein drug replacement using nucleic acid technologies has been a sought-after solution for in situ production of proteins with poor half-lives and challenging manufacturability. Linear mRNA approa ... Full text Cite

Abstract 6403: A self-replicating RNA precision medicine approach to overcoming resistance to endocrine therapy in ER+BC

Conference Cancer Research · April 4, 2023 AbstractDrug resistance remains the major driving factor behind the clinical failure of targeted therapeutics. Current oncology precision medicine approaches rely on targeting known acquired resistance mutat ... Full text Cite

Abstract 696: Sensitizing breast cancers to immune checkpoint inhibitors through CD27 agonism and vaccination against tumor-associated antigen

Conference Cancer Research · April 4, 2023 AbstractProject objective: Despite the recent revolution in immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), only modest improvement in overall survival and likely caused by not enough potent cellular immunity among BC ... Full text Cite

Movie 1 from HER2 Isoforms Uniquely Program Intratumor Heterogeneity and Predetermine Breast Cancer Trajectories During the Occult Tumorigenic Phase

Other · April 3, 2023 <p>p95HER2 labelled sidebuds. p95HER2 shown in magenta. Krt14 antibody staining shown in green.</p><p></p> ... Full text Cite

Movie 3 from HER2 Isoforms Uniquely Program Intratumor Heterogeneity and Predetermine Breast Cancer Trajectories During the Occult Tumorigenic Phase

Other · April 3, 2023 <p>p95HER2 invasive carcinoma. p95HER2 shown in magenta. Krt14 antibody staining shown in green.</p> ... Full text Cite

Movie 4 from HER2 Isoforms Uniquely Program Intratumor Heterogeneity and Predetermine Breast Cancer Trajectories During the Occult Tumorigenic Phase

Other · April 3, 2023 <p>p95HER2 microinvasive carcinoma. p95HER2 shown in magenta. Krt14 antibody staining shown in green.</p> ... Full text Cite

Movie 5 from HER2 Isoforms Uniquely Program Intratumor Heterogeneity and Predetermine Breast Cancer Trajectories During the Occult Tumorigenic Phase

Other · April 3, 2023 <p>d16HER2 mammary intraepithelial neoplasm. d16HER2 shown in magenta. Krt14 antibody staining shown in green.</p> ... Full text Cite

Movie 2 from HER2 Isoforms Uniquely Program Intratumor Heterogeneity and Predetermine Breast Cancer Trajectories During the Occult Tumorigenic Phase

Other · April 3, 2023 <p>d16HER2 labelled sidebuds. d16HER2 shown in yellow. Krt14 antibody staining shown in green.</p> ... Full text Cite

Movie 4 from HER2 Isoforms Uniquely Program Intratumor Heterogeneity and Predetermine Breast Cancer Trajectories During the Occult Tumorigenic Phase

Other · April 3, 2023 <p>p95HER2 microinvasive carcinoma. p95HER2 shown in magenta. Krt14 antibody staining shown in green.</p> ... Full text Cite

Supplementary Tables 1-5 for scRNAseq marker genes from HER2 Isoforms Uniquely Program Intratumor Heterogeneity and Predetermine Breast Cancer Trajectories During the Occult Tumorigenic Phase

Other · April 3, 2023 <p>Supplementary Table 1: Cluster-specific markers from all cells (8,486 cells) Supplementary Table 2: Cluster-specific markers from all epithelial cells (3,843 cells) Supplementary Table 3: Cluster-specific markers from all immune cells (1,8 ... Full text Cite

Movie 5 from HER2 Isoforms Uniquely Program Intratumor Heterogeneity and Predetermine Breast Cancer Trajectories During the Occult Tumorigenic Phase

Other · April 3, 2023 <p>d16HER2 mammary intraepithelial neoplasm. d16HER2 shown in magenta. Krt14 antibody staining shown in green.</p> ... Full text Cite

Movie 1 from HER2 Isoforms Uniquely Program Intratumor Heterogeneity and Predetermine Breast Cancer Trajectories During the Occult Tumorigenic Phase

Other · April 3, 2023 <p>p95HER2 labelled sidebuds. p95HER2 shown in magenta. Krt14 antibody staining shown in green.</p><p></p> ... Full text Cite

Data from HER2 Isoforms Uniquely Program Intratumor Heterogeneity and Predetermine Breast Cancer Trajectories During the Occult Tumorigenic Phase

Other · April 3, 2023 <div>Abstract<p>HER2-positive breast cancers are among the most heterogeneous breast cancer subtypes. The early amplification of HER2 and its known oncogenic isoforms provide a plausible mechanism in which distinct programs of tumor het ... Full text Cite

Movie 3 from HER2 Isoforms Uniquely Program Intratumor Heterogeneity and Predetermine Breast Cancer Trajectories During the Occult Tumorigenic Phase

Other · April 3, 2023 <p>p95HER2 invasive carcinoma. p95HER2 shown in magenta. Krt14 antibody staining shown in green.</p> ... Full text Cite

Supplementary Tables 1-5 for scRNAseq marker genes from HER2 Isoforms Uniquely Program Intratumor Heterogeneity and Predetermine Breast Cancer Trajectories During the Occult Tumorigenic Phase

Other · April 3, 2023 <p>Supplementary Table 1: Cluster-specific markers from all cells (8,486 cells) Supplementary Table 2: Cluster-specific markers from all epithelial cells (3,843 cells) Supplementary Table 3: Cluster-specific markers from all immune cells (1,8 ... Full text Cite

Movie 2 from HER2 Isoforms Uniquely Program Intratumor Heterogeneity and Predetermine Breast Cancer Trajectories During the Occult Tumorigenic Phase

Other · April 3, 2023 <p>d16HER2 labelled sidebuds. d16HER2 shown in yellow. Krt14 antibody staining shown in green.</p> ... Full text Cite

Data from HER2 Isoforms Uniquely Program Intratumor Heterogeneity and Predetermine Breast Cancer Trajectories During the Occult Tumorigenic Phase

Other · April 3, 2023 <div>Abstract<p>HER2-positive breast cancers are among the most heterogeneous breast cancer subtypes. The early amplification of HER2 and its known oncogenic isoforms provide a plausible mechanism in which distinct programs of tumor het ... Full text Cite

Data from IL26, a Noncanonical Mediator of DNA Inflammatory Stimulation, Promotes TNBC Engraftment and Progression in Association with Neutrophils

Other · March 31, 2023 <div>Abstract<p>IL26 is a unique amphipathic member of the IL10 family of cytokines that participates in inflammatory signaling through a canonical receptor pathway. It also directly binds DNA to facilitate cellular transduction and int ... Full text Cite

Combined Supplementary Figures from IL26, a Noncanonical Mediator of DNA Inflammatory Stimulation, Promotes TNBC Engraftment and Progression in Association with Neutrophils

Other · March 31, 2023 <p>SF1: IL-26 protein or mRNA expression in human cell lines and clinical samples; SF2: Single-cell profiling of CD4+ TH17 cells in TNBC patients; SF3: Confirmation of IL-26 knockdown in MDA-MB-231 cells; SF4: In vitro proliferation and in vi ... Full text Cite

Combined Supplementary Figures from IL26, a Noncanonical Mediator of DNA Inflammatory Stimulation, Promotes TNBC Engraftment and Progression in Association with Neutrophils

Other · March 31, 2023 <p>SF1: IL-26 protein or mRNA expression in human cell lines and clinical samples; SF2: Single-cell profiling of CD4+ TH17 cells in TNBC patients; SF3: Confirmation of IL-26 knockdown in MDA-MB-231 cells; SF4: In vitro proliferation and in vi ... Full text Cite

Figure S4 from Vaccine-Induced Memory CD8<sup>+</sup> T Cells Provide Clinical Benefit in HER2 Expressing Breast Cancer: A Mouse to Human Translational Study

Other · March 31, 2023 <p>Individual histograms of perforin expression by memory CD8 T cell cluster pre- and post-vaccination</p> ... Full text Cite

Table S2 from Vaccine-Induced Memory CD8<sup>+</sup> T Cells Provide Clinical Benefit in HER2 Expressing Breast Cancer: A Mouse to Human Translational Study

Other · March 31, 2023 <p>Concurrent HER2 therapies for each patient for whom CYTOF analysis was done</p> ... Full text Cite

Data from Vaccine-Induced Memory CD8<sup>+</sup> T Cells Provide Clinical Benefit in HER2 Expressing Breast Cancer: A Mouse to Human Translational Study

Other · March 31, 2023 <div>AbstractPurpose:<p>Immune-based therapy for metastatic breast cancer has had limited success, particularly in molecular subtypes with low somatic mutations rates. Strategies to augment T-cell infiltration of tumors include vaccines ... Full text Cite

Figure S4 from Vaccine-Induced Memory CD8<sup>+</sup> T Cells Provide Clinical Benefit in HER2 Expressing Breast Cancer: A Mouse to Human Translational Study

Other · March 31, 2023 <p>Individual histograms of perforin expression by memory CD8 T cell cluster pre- and post-vaccination</p> ... Full text Cite

Data from Vaccine-Induced Memory CD8<sup>+</sup> T Cells Provide Clinical Benefit in HER2 Expressing Breast Cancer: A Mouse to Human Translational Study

Other · March 31, 2023 <div>AbstractPurpose:<p>Immune-based therapy for metastatic breast cancer has had limited success, particularly in molecular subtypes with low somatic mutations rates. Strategies to augment T-cell infiltration of tumors include vaccines ... Full text Cite

Table S2 from Vaccine-Induced Memory CD8<sup>+</sup> T Cells Provide Clinical Benefit in HER2 Expressing Breast Cancer: A Mouse to Human Translational Study

Other · March 31, 2023 <p>Concurrent HER2 therapies for each patient for whom CYTOF analysis was done</p> ... Full text Cite

Data from IL26, a Noncanonical Mediator of DNA Inflammatory Stimulation, Promotes TNBC Engraftment and Progression in Association with Neutrophils

Other · March 31, 2023 <div>Abstract<p>IL26 is a unique amphipathic member of the IL10 family of cytokines that participates in inflammatory signaling through a canonical receptor pathway. It also directly binds DNA to facilitate cellular transduction and int ... Full text Cite

Abstract PR015: Dormant mammary tumors persist long-term despite adaptive immunity by establishing a Treg-dominated niche via DKK3

Conference Cancer Research · January 15, 2023 AbstractA significant portion of breast cancer survivors eventually experience locoregional or metastatic recurrence. It is clear that the adaptive immune system controls proliferative tumor outgrowth, but h ... Full text Cite

The use of histotripsy as intratumoral immunotherapy beyond tissue ablation-the rationale for exploring the immune effects of histotripsy.

Journal Article Int J Hyperthermia · 2023 Mechanical high-intensity focused ultrasound (M-HIFU), which includes histotripsy, is a non-ionizing, non-thermal ablation technology that can be delivered by noninvasive methods. Because acoustic cavitation is the primary mechanism of tissue disruption, h ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ultrasound Enhanced Perfusion and Drug Penetration for Intratumoral Immunotherapy Using a Needle Ultrasound Transducer - a Phantom Study

Conference IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium, IUS · January 1, 2023 Intratumoral immunotherapy is a promising cancer treatment approach that can initiate durable anti-tumor responses and avoid potential off-target toxicities. However, direct intratumoral injection remains challenging owing to elevated solid stress and inte ... Full text Cite

A Non-Invasive Deep Photoablation Technique to Inhibit DCIS Progression and Induce Antitumor Immunity.

Journal Article Cancers (Basel) · November 23, 2022 Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast is often managed by lumpectomy and radiation or mastectomy, despite its indolent features. Effective non-invasive treatment strategies could reduce the morbidity of DCIS treatment. We have exploited the high he ... Full text Link to item Cite

Combination of a novel heat shock protein 90-targeted photodynamic therapy with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade induces potent systemic antitumor efficacy and abscopal effect against breast cancers.

Journal Article J Immunother Cancer · September 2022 BACKGROUND: We previously demonstrated potent antitumor activity against human breast cancer xenografts using photodynamic therapy (PDT) targeting a novel tumor-specific photosensitizer (HS201), which binds heat shock protein 90 (HS201-PDT). However, induc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Epidemiology of geographic disparities in heart failure among US older adults: a Medicare-based analysis.

Journal Article BMC Public Health · July 1, 2022 BACKGROUND: There are prominent geographic disparities in the life expectancy (LE) of older US adults between the states with the highest (leading states) and lowest (lagging states) LE and their causes remain poorly understood. Heart failure (HF) has been ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Amplification of the CXCR3/CXCL9 axis via intratumoral electroporation of plasmid CXCL9 synergizes with plasmid IL-12 therapy to elicit robust anti-tumor immunity.

Journal Article Mol Ther Oncolytics · June 16, 2022 Clinical studies have demonstrated that local expression of the cytokine IL-12 drives interferon-gamma expression and recruits T cells to the tumor microenvironment, ultimately yielding durable systemic T cell responses. Interrogation of longitudinal bioma ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cancer vaccines.

Journal Article Cancer Cell · June 13, 2022 Given the renewed interest in vaccine development sparked by the COVID-19 pandemic, we are revisiting the current state of vaccine development for cancer prevention and treatment. Experts discuss different vaccine types, their antigens and modes of action, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Gene expression signatures of individual ductal carcinoma in situ lesions identify processes and biomarkers associated with progression towards invasive ductal carcinoma.

Journal Article Nat Commun · June 13, 2022 Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is considered a non-invasive precursor to breast cancer, and although associated with an increased risk of developing invasive disease, many women with DCIS will never progress beyond their in situ diagnosis. The path from n ... Full text Link to item Cite

Action for Increasing Diversity, Market Access, and Capacity in Oncology Registration Trials-Is Africa the Answer? Report From a Satellite Session of the Accelerating Anti-Cancer Agent Development and Validation Workshop.

Journal Article JCO Glob Oncol · June 2022 Patients of African ancestry are not well-represented in cancer clinical trials despite bearing a disproportionate share of mortality both in United States and Africa. We describe key stakeholder perspectives and priorities related to bringing early-stage ... Full text Link to item Cite

Trastuzumab/pertuzumab combination therapy stimulates antitumor responses through complement-dependent cytotoxicity and phagocytosis.

Journal Article JCI Insight · March 22, 2022 Two HER2-specific mAbs, trastuzumab and pertuzumab (T+P), combined with chemotherapy comprise standard-of-care treatment for advanced HER2+ breast cancers (BC). While this antibody combination is highly effective, its synergistic mechanism-of-action (MOA) ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sensitizing immune unresponsive colorectal cancers to immune checkpoint inhibitors through MAVS overexpression.

Journal Article J Immunother Cancer · March 2022 BACKGROUND: The majority of colorectal carcinomas (CRCs) are insensitive to programmed death protein-1/programmed death-ligand 1 (anti-PD-1/PD-L1) immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) antibodies. While there are many causes for ICI insensitivity, recent studi ... Full text Link to item Cite

HSP90-Specific nIR Probe Identifies Aggressive Prostate Cancers: Translation from Preclinical Models to a Human Phase I Study.

Journal Article Mol Cancer Ther · January 2022 A noninvasive test to discriminate indolent prostate cancers from lethal ones would focus treatment where necessary while reducing overtreatment. We exploited the known activity of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) as a chaperone critical for the function of n ... Full text Link to item Cite

Combination of ultrasound-based mechanical disruption of tumor with immune checkpoint blockade modifies tumor microenvironment and augments systemic antitumor immunity.

Journal Article J Immunother Cancer · January 2022 BACKGROUND: Despite multimodal adjuvant management with radiotherapy, chemotherapy and hormonal therapies, most surgically resected primary breast cancers relapse or metastasize. A potential solution to late and distant recurrence is to augment systemic an ... Full text Link to item Cite

Intracorporeal Sonoporation-Induced Drug/Gene Delivery Using a Catheter Ultrasound Transducer

Conference IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium, IUS · January 1, 2022 Ultrasound (US) has been recently demonstrated promising in cancer immunotherapy. By virtue of microbubble-mediated cavitation, US can induce temporary pores in the cell membrane to enhance drug/gene delivery and this process is termed sonoporation. Curren ... Full text Cite

A Grant-Based Experiment to Train Clinical Investigators: The AACR/ASCO Methods in Clinical Cancer Research Workshop.

Journal Article Clin Cancer Res · October 15, 2021 To address the need for clinical investigators in oncology, American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) and American Society for Clinical Oncology (ASCO) established the Methods in Clinical Cancer Research Workshop (MCCRW). The workshop's objectives we ... Full text Link to item Cite

Changes in Peripheral Blood Regulatory T Cells and IL-6 and IL-10 Levels Predict Response of Pediatric Medulloblastoma and Germ Cell Tumors With Residual or Disseminated Disease to Craniospinal Irradiation.

Journal Article Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys · October 1, 2021 PURPOSE: Radiation therapy (RT) modulates immune cells and cytokines, resulting in both clinically beneficial and detrimental effects. The changes in peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets and cytokines during RT for pediatric brain tumors and the associati ... Full text Link to item Cite

HER2 Isoforms Uniquely Program Intratumor Heterogeneity and Predetermine Breast Cancer Trajectories During the Occult Tumorigenic Phase.

Journal Article Mol Cancer Res · October 2021 HER2-positive breast cancers are among the most heterogeneous breast cancer subtypes. The early amplification of HER2 and its known oncogenic isoforms provide a plausible mechanism in which distinct programs of tumor heterogeneity could be traced to the in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Intratumoral Plasmid IL12 Expands CD8+ T Cells and Induces a CXCR3 Gene Signature in Triple-negative Breast Tumors that Sensitizes Patients to Anti-PD-1 Therapy.

Journal Article Clin Cancer Res · May 1, 2021 PURPOSE: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive disease with limited therapeutic options. Antibodies targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/PD-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) have entered the therapeutic landscape in TNBC, but only a minority o ... Full text Link to item Cite

Serial assessment of circulating T lymphocyte phenotype and receptor repertoire during treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer with adoptive T cell immunotherapy.

Journal Article Am J Cancer Res · 2021 Recurrence and progression of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), frequent despite the availability of multiple treatment modalities, may be partly explained by the presence of immunosuppressive cell populations. We hypothesized that progression of ... Link to item Cite

Visualizing Cell Competition and Mechanisms of Occult Tumorigenesis Ex Vivo.

Conference IN VITRO CELLULAR & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY-ANIMAL · 2021 Cite

Exposure to low-dose ambient fine particulate matter PM2.5 and Alzheimer's disease, non-Alzheimer's dementia, and Parkinson's disease in North Carolina.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2021 Alzheimer's disease (AD), non-AD dementia, and Parkinson's disease (PD) are increasingly common in older adults, yet all risk factors for their onset are not fully understood. Consequently, environmental exposures, including air pollution, have been hypoth ... Full text Link to item Cite

Blood microbiota diversity determines response of advanced colorectal cancer to chemotherapy combined with adoptive T cell immunotherapy.

Journal Article Oncoimmunology · 2021 Human microbiota influence the response of malignancies to treatment with immune checkpoint blockade; however, their impact on other forms of immunotherapy is poorly understood. This study explored the effect of blood microbiota on clinical efficacy, repre ... Full text Link to item Cite

Targeting the Glucagon Receptor Signaling Pathway As a Novel Strategy to Counteract PI3K Inhibitor Induced Hyperglycemia While Sustaining Tumor PI3K Inhibition

Conference Blood · November 5, 2020 Pathologic activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway is an oncogenic driver for many malignancies, including lymphomas1. Although validated as a therapeutic oncologic target, the PI3K signaling pathway is also imp ... Full text Cite

Long-term survival of patients with stage III colon cancer treated with VRP-CEA(6D), an alphavirus vector that increases the CD8+ effector memory T cell to Treg ratio.

Journal Article J Immunother Cancer · November 2020 BACKGROUND: There remains a significant need to eliminate the risk of recurrence of resected cancers. Cancer vaccines are well tolerated and activate tumor-specific immune effectors and lead to long-term survival in some patients. We hypothesized that vacc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patient-Reported Outcomes in Oncology Clinical Trials: Stakeholder Perspectives from the Accelerating Anticancer Agent Development and Validation Workshop 2019.

Journal Article Oncologist · October 2020 The measurement and analysis of patient‐reported outcomes is important in cancer clinical trials. This commentary reports advances and challenges from presentations at the 2019 Accelerating Anticancer Agent Development and Validation (AAADV) Workshop Patie ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sperm DNA methylation altered by THC and nicotine: Vulnerability of neurodevelopmental genes with bivalent chromatin.

Journal Article Sci Rep · September 29, 2020 Men consume the most nicotine and cannabis products but impacts on sperm epigenetics are poorly characterized. Evidence suggests that preconception exposure to these drugs alters offspring neurodevelopment. Epigenetics may in part facilitate heritability. ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Novel Therapeutic Interventions Early in the Disease Trajectory: Drug Development Beyond the Refractory Setting.

Journal Article Clin Cancer Res · September 15, 2020 The 2019 Accelerating Anticancer Agent Development Workshop assembled a panel of experts for an in-depth discussion session to present "novel therapeutic interventions early in the disease trajectory." The panel reviewed the limitations of evaluating inves ... Full text Link to item Cite

Stimulation of Oncogene-Specific Tumor-Infiltrating T Cells through Combined Vaccine and αPD-1 Enable Sustained Antitumor Responses against Established HER2 Breast Cancer.

Journal Article Clin Cancer Res · September 1, 2020 PURPOSE: Despite promising advances in breast cancer immunotherapy, augmenting T-cell infiltration has remained a significant challenge. Although neither individual vaccines nor immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) have had broad success as monotherapies, we h ... Full text Link to item Cite

Abstract 904: Stimulation and expansion of oncogene-reactive tumor infiltrating T cells through combined Ad-HER2Δ16 vaccination and anti-PD1 enable anti-tumor responses against established HER2 BC

Conference Cancer Research · August 15, 2020 AbstractDespite promising advances, overcoming immune suppression and driving productive immune responses in the tumor microenvironment remains a significant challenge. Using a spontaneous breast cancer mode ... Full text Cite

IL26, a Noncanonical Mediator of DNA Inflammatory Stimulation, Promotes TNBC Engraftment and Progression in Association with Neutrophils.

Journal Article Cancer Res · August 1, 2020 IL26 is a unique amphipathic member of the IL10 family of cytokines that participates in inflammatory signaling through a canonical receptor pathway. It also directly binds DNA to facilitate cellular transduction and intracellular inflammatory signaling. A ... Full text Link to item Cite

Miniaturized Intracavitary Forward-Looking Ultrasound Transducer for Tissue Ablation.

Journal Article IEEE Trans Biomed Eng · July 2020 OBJECTIVE: This paper aims to develop a miniaturized forward-looking ultrasound transducer for intracavitary tissue ablation, which can be used through an endoscopic device. The internal ultrasound (US) delivery is capable of directly interacting with the ... Full text Link to item Cite

DC-CIK as a widely applicable cancer immunotherapy.

Journal Article Expert Opin Biol Ther · June 2020 Introduction: Immunotherapy is now a standard treatment for many malignancies. Although immune checkpoint inhibition has demonstrated substantial efficacy by enhancing T cell activation and function in the tumor microenvironment, adoptive transfer of T and ... Full text Link to item Cite

HER2-LAMP vaccines effectively traffic to endolysosomal compartments and generate enhanced polyfunctional T cell responses that induce complete tumor regression.

Journal Article J Immunother Cancer · June 2020 BACKGROUND: The advent of immune checkpoint blockade antibodies has demonstrated that effective mobilization of T cell responses can cause tumor regression of metastatic cancers, although these responses are heterogeneous and restricted to certain histolog ... Full text Link to item Cite

Heat shock protein 90-targeted photodynamic therapy enables treatment of subcutaneous and visceral tumors.

Journal Article Commun Biol · May 8, 2020 Photodynamic therapy (PDT) ablates malignancies by applying focused near-infrared (nIR) light onto a lesion of interest after systemic administration of a photosensitizer (PS); however, the accumulation of existing PS is not tumor-exclusive. We developed a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Adoptive immunotherapy with autologous T-cell infusions reduces opioid requirements in advanced cancer patients.

Journal Article Pain · January 2020 Relief of cancer-related pain remains challenging despite the availability of a range of opioid and nonopioid medications. Animal models demonstrate that T lymphocytes may mediate analgesia by producing endogenous opioids, but definitive clinical data are ... Full text Link to item Cite

An age-independent gene signature for monitoring acute rejection in kidney transplantation.

Journal Article Theranostics · 2020 Acute rejection (AR) remains a significant problem that negatively impacts long-term renal allograft survival. Numerous therapies are used to prevent AR that differ by center and recipient age. This variability confounds diagnostic methods. Methods: To dev ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Clinical efficacy of intra-cavitary infusions of autologous dendritic cell/cytokine-induced killer cell products for the treatment of refractory malignant pleural effusions and ascites.

Journal Article Am J Transl Res · 2020 To explore the safety and efficacy of intra-cavitary infusions of autologous mixed dendritic cell (DC)-cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cell products in advanced cancer patients with malignant pleural effusions or ascites. DC-CIKs were expanded ex vivo (mean ... Link to item Cite

Uterine Cancer Mortality in White and African American Females in Southeastern North Carolina.

Journal Article J Environ Public Health · 2020 The residents of southeastern North Carolina (NC) are exposed to multiple socioeconomic and environmental risk factors and have higher mortality rates for a number of diseases. Uterine cancer mortality is known to vary dramatically by race, so we analyzed ... Full text Link to item Cite

Infiltration of metastatic lymph nodes with PD-1+ T cells is associated with improved disease-free and overall survival in resected N+ NSCLC.

Journal Article Am J Cancer Res · 2020 Tumor metastases to regional lymph nodes are associated with worse outcome for patients with resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but there is a wide variation in survival. We hypothesized that infiltration of tumor-involved lymph nodes with activa ... Link to item Cite

CD47 blockade augmentation of trastuzumab antitumor efficacy dependent on antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis.

Journal Article JCI Insight · December 19, 2019 The HER2-specific monoclonal antibody (mAb), trastuzumab, has been the mainstay of therapy for HER2+ breast cancer (BC) for approximately 20 years. However, its therapeutic mechanism of action (MOA) remains unclear, with antitumor responses to trastuzumab ... Full text Link to item Cite

A cancer rainbow mouse for visualizing the functional genomics of oncogenic clonal expansion.

Journal Article Nat Commun · December 2, 2019 Field cancerization is a premalignant process marked by clones of oncogenic mutations spreading through the epithelium. The timescales of intestinal field cancerization can be variable and the mechanisms driving the rapid spread of oncogenic clones are unk ... Full text Link to item Cite

Predictive significance of T cell subset changes during ex vivo generation of adoptive cellular therapy products for the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Journal Article Oncol Lett · December 2019 Adoptive T cell immunotherapy with cytokine-induced killer cells (CIKs) has been demonstrated to prolong the survival of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether the expansion of effect ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

GEOGRAPHIC DISPARITIES IN LIFE EXPECTANCY AND MORTALITY IN THE U.S.

Journal Article Innovation in aging · November 8, 2019 AbstractAlthough the US has one of the highest per-capita health expenditures in the world, it noticeably lags behind a number of other industrialized countries in terms of life expectancy (LE). These disparities remain unexplained by individual demographi ... Full text Cite

Immune correlates of clinical benefit in a phase I study of hyperthermia with adoptive T cell immunotherapy in patients with solid tumors.

Journal Article Int J Hyperthermia · November 2019 Purpose: To characterize the T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire, serum cytokine levels, peripheral blood T lymphocyte populations, safety, and clinical efficacy of hyperthermia (HT) combined with autologous adoptive cell therapy (ACT) and either salvage chem ... Full text Link to item Cite

Functional CD3+CD8+PD1- T Cell Accumulation and PD-L1 Expression Increases During Tumor Invasion in DCIS of the Breast.

Journal Article Clin Breast Cancer · October 2019 BACKGROUND: The changes in T cell subsets and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression during the transition from ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) to early invasive breast cancer had not been well studied. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 85 DCIS patien ... Full text Link to item Cite

Small Aperture Ultrasound Transducers for Intracavitary Tissue Ablation

Conference IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium, IUS · October 1, 2019 Catheter directed ultrasound (US) transducer is capable of delivering high, focused acoustic power to the target tissue inside a body. The direct interaction with the tissue enables to minimize the concern of unintended tissue damages. Despite the potentia ... Full text Cite

T-Scan: A Genome-wide Method for the Systematic Discovery of T Cell Epitopes.

Journal Article Cell · August 8, 2019 T cell recognition of specific antigens mediates protection from pathogens and controls neoplasias, but can also cause autoimmunity. Our knowledge of T cell antigens and their implications for human health is limited by the technical limitations of T cell ... Full text Link to item Cite

Impact of synchronized anti-PD-1 with Ad-CEA vaccination on inhibition of colon cancer growth.

Journal Article Immunotherapy · August 2019 Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine whether addition of anti-PD-1 antibody increased the immunogenicity and anti-tumor activity of Ad-CEA vaccination in a murine model of colon cancer. Methods: Ad-CEA was administered prior to implantation of M ... Full text Link to item Cite

Abstract 4071: A novel combination therapy of high intensity focused ultrasound and PDL1 blockades against advanced breast cancer

Conference Cancer Research · July 1, 2019 AbstractBackground: Previous studies have reported that tumor debris and inflammation made by high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) therapy induced the antitumor immune response, however, HIFU as a monoth ... Full text Cite

Abstract 3731: A novel heat shock protein 90-targeted photosensitizer (HS-201) enables enhanced tumor-specific photodynamic therapy of inflammatory breast cancers

Conference Cancer Research · July 1, 2019 AbstractBackground: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective local anti-cancer modality applied for the treatment of early stage disease and palliation of advanced disease, and could be used in managing in ... Full text Cite

Combination of DC/CIK adoptive T cell immunotherapy with chemotherapy in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients: a prospective patients' preference-based study (PPPS).

Journal Article Clin Transl Oncol · June 2019 BACKGROUND: Advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has remained challenging to treat effectively. This study aimed to investigate the clinical effects and safety of immunotherapy with dendritic cells and cytokine-induced killer cells (DC-CIK) administ ... Full text Link to item Cite

Addressing the dichotomy between individual and societal approaches to personalised medicine in oncology.

Journal Article Eur J Cancer · June 2019 Academic, industry, regulatory leaders and patient advocates in cancer clinical research met in November 2018 at the Innovation and Biomarkers in Cancer Drug Development meeting in Brussels to address the existing dichotomy between increasing calls for per ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effector T-cell cytolytic activity modules derived from CD3+ single cells from human primary triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) in multiple solid tumors to predict response to immune checkpoint blockade therapy (ICB).

Conference Journal of Clinical Oncology · May 20, 2019 1073 Background: The prognostic and predictive value of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes for ICB has been recognized in a variety of tumor types, including TNBC. Nonetheless, our understanding of the mechanistic aspects of T cell a ... Full text Cite

Vaccine-Induced Memory CD8+ T Cells Provide Clinical Benefit in HER2 Expressing Breast Cancer: A Mouse to Human Translational Study.

Journal Article Clin Cancer Res · May 1, 2019 PURPOSE: Immune-based therapy for metastatic breast cancer has had limited success, particularly in molecular subtypes with low somatic mutations rates. Strategies to augment T-cell infiltration of tumors include vaccines targeting established oncogenic dr ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Prospective randomized comparative study on rivaroxaban and LMWH for prophylaxis of post-apheresis thrombosis in adoptive T cell immunotherapy cancer patients.

Journal Article J Thromb Thrombolysis · May 2019 Autologous adoptive T cell immunotherapy has been recognized as an effective treatment for cancer patients. The initial qualified lymphocytes is the core element determining the immunotherapeutic outcomes clinically. Cell separator based apheresis procedur ... Full text Link to item Cite

Challenges with Novel Clinical Trial Designs: Master Protocols.

Journal Article Clin Cancer Res · April 1, 2019 The 2018 Accelerating Anticancer Agent Development (AAADV) Workshop assembled a panel of experts for an in-depth discussion session to present "Challenges with Novel Clinical Trial Designs." This panel offered assessments of the challenges faced by industr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Autologous Dendritic Cell-Cytokine Induced Killer Cell Immunotherapy Combined with S-1 Plus Cisplatin in Patients with Advanced Gastric Cancer: A Prospective Study.

Journal Article Clin Cancer Res · March 1, 2019 PURPOSE: We have assessed the combination of DC-CIK with S-1 plus cisplatin chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer (AGC) and the role of mutational analysis of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire in predicting clinical outco ... Full text Link to item Cite

Abstract P2-09-16: CD8 T cells induced by novel alphaviral vector predict improved progression free survival in advanced HER2+ breast cancer patients

Conference Cancer Research · February 15, 2019 AbstractBackground: Immune-based therapy for metastatic breast cancer has had limited success. Strategies to augment adaptive immunity include vaccines targeting genomic amplifications like Human Epidermal G ... Full text Cite

Niclosamide-induced Wnt signaling inhibition in colorectal cancer is mediated by autophagy.

Journal Article Biochem J · February 8, 2019 The Wnt signaling pathway, known for regulating genes critical to normal embryonic development and tissue homeostasis, is dysregulated in many types of cancer. Previously, we identified that the anthelmintic drug niclosamide inhibited Wnt signaling by prom ... Full text Link to item Cite

Identification of novel triazole inhibitors of Wnt/β-catenin signaling based on the Niclosamide chemotype.

Journal Article Bioorg Med Chem Lett · January 15, 2019 Dysregulation of the Wnt signaling pathway is an underlying mechanism in multiple diseases, particularly in cancer. Until recently, identifying agents that target this pathway has been difficult and as a result, no approved drugs exist that specifically ta ... Full text Link to item Cite

Right Time and Place for IL12: Targeted Delivery Stimulates Immune Therapy.

Journal Article Clin Cancer Res · January 1, 2019 Systemic IL12 therapy has potent antitumor effects, but clinical delivery of this potent cytokine has been complicated by systemic toxicity. A novel strategy to deliver IL12 to the tumor microenvironment appears promising in a first-in-human study, appeari ... Full text Link to item Cite

Global Development of Anticancer Therapies for Rare Cancers, Pediatric Cancers, and Molecular Subtypes of Common Cancers.

Journal Article J Glob Oncol · December 2018 Advances in genetic sequencing and other diagnostic technologies have enabled the use of precision medicine in clinical cancer care, as well as the development of novel therapies that are targeted to specific molecular drivers of cancer. Developing these n ... Full text Link to item Cite

Identification of DK419, a potent inhibitor of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and colorectal cancer growth.

Journal Article Bioorg Med Chem · November 1, 2018 The Wnt signaling pathway is critical for normal tissue development and is an underlying mechanism of disease when dysregulated. Previously, we reported that the drug Niclosamide inhibits Wnt/β-catenin signaling by decreasing the cytosolic levels of Dishev ... Full text Link to item Cite

Abstract A22: Augmentation of a novel adenoviral vaccine strategy by checkpoint inhibitors

Conference Cancer Immunology Research · September 1, 2018 AbstractThe immunologic hurdles for a vaccine targeting cancer are much higher than for those targeting an infectious disease. The profoundly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, the lack of microbial d ... Full text Cite

Abstract B66: Targeted activation of innate immune adaptors MAVS and STING promotes antitumor responses in colorectal cancer models

Conference Cancer Immunology Research · September 1, 2018 AbstractWhile the use of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has gained significant traction as a viable therapy for certain cancers, many more cancers remain refractory to immunotherapies due to their highly i ... Full text Cite

Polyfunctional anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (anti-HER3) antibodies induced by HER3 vaccines have multiple mechanisms of antitumor activity against therapy resistant and triple negative breast cancers.

Journal Article Breast Cancer Res · August 9, 2018 BACKGROUND: Upregulation of human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3) is a major mechanism of acquired resistance to therapies targeting its heterodimerization partners epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and human epidermal growth factor recepto ... Full text Link to item Cite

White paper on microbial anti-cancer therapy and prevention.

Journal Article J Immunother Cancer · August 6, 2018 In this White Paper, we discuss the current state of microbial cancer therapy. This paper resulted from a meeting ('Microbial Based Cancer Therapy') at the US National Cancer Institute in the summer of 2017. Here, we define 'Microbial Therapy' to include b ... Full text Link to item Cite

CYP1A1 genetic polymorphism is a promising predictor to improve chemotherapy effects in patients with metastatic breast cancer treated with docetaxel plus thiotepa vs. docetaxel plus capecitabine.

Journal Article Cancer Chemother Pharmacol · February 2018 PURPOSE: A prospective study was performed to compare the outcome for metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients treated with docetaxel plus thiotepa (DT) or docetaxel plus capecitabine (DC), and to explore the value of CYP1A1*2C polymorphisms in predicting c ... Full text Link to item Cite

Circulating CD8+CD28- suppressor T cells tied to poorer prognosis among metastatic breast cancer patients receiving adoptive T-cell therapy: A cohort study.

Journal Article Cytotherapy · January 2018 BACKGROUND AIMS: This study aimed to determine the prognostic value of circulating CD8+CD28- T lymphocytes among breast cancer patients treated with adoptive T-lymphocyte immunotherapy after chemotherapy. METHODS: Two hundred and thirty-two breast cancer p ... Full text Link to item Cite

Complimentary mechanisms of dual checkpoint blockade expand unique T-cell repertoires and activate adaptive anti-tumor immunity in triple-negative breast tumors.

Journal Article Oncoimmunology · 2018 Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive and molecularly diverse breast cancer subtype typified by the presence of p53 mutations (∼80%), elevated immune gene signatures and neoantigen expression, as well as the presence of tumor infiltrating l ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mortality and Health Outcomes in North Carolina Communities Located in Close Proximity to Hog Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations.

Journal Article N C Med J · 2018 BACKGROUND Life expectancy in southeastern North Carolina communities located in an area with multiple concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) after adjusting for socioeconomic factors remains low. We hypothesized that poor health outcomes in this r ... Full text Link to item Cite

Health and the Environment in North Carolina.

Journal Article N C Med J · 2018 Environmental impacts on health are usually discussed from a global perspective. However, this issue of the North Carolina Medical Journal focuses on studies of health outcomes in North Carolina caused by local air and water pollution. While some people ar ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Health Impacts of Environmental Policy: The North Carolina Clean Smokestacks Act.

Journal Article N C Med J · 2018 The North Carolina Clean Smokestacks Act and related policies led to substantial decreases of emitted air pollutants from coal-fired power plants. Improved air quality was associated with statewide improvements in respiratory, cardiovascular, and cerebrova ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Impact of Coal-Powered Electrical Plants and Coal Ash Impoundments on the Health of Residential Communities.

Journal Article N C Med J · 2018 BACKGROUND In North Carolina, coal-burning power plants remain the major source of electrical production. Coal burning generates coal ash that is stored in landfills and slurry ponds that are often located near residential communities, signifying high pote ... Full text Link to item Cite

In Vivo Detection of HSP90 Identifies Breast Cancers with Aggressive Behavior.

Journal Article Clin Cancer Res · December 15, 2017 Purpose: Hsp90, a chaperone to numerous molecular pathways in malignant cells, is elevated in aggressive breast cancers. We hypothesized that identifying breast cells with elevated Hsp90 activity in situ could result in early detection of aggressive breast ... Full text Link to item Cite

An unbiased in vivo functional genomics screening approach in mice identifies novel tumor cell-based regulators of immune rejection.

Journal Article Cancer Immunol Immunother · December 2017 The clinical successes of immune checkpoint therapies for cancer make it important to identify mechanisms of resistance to anti-tumor immune responses. Numerous resistance mechanisms have been identified employing studies of single genes or pathways, there ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dendritic Cell/Cytokine-Induced Killer Cell Immunotherapy Combined with S-1 in Patients with Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: A Prospective Study.

Journal Article Clin Cancer Res · September 1, 2017 Purpose: Advanced pancreatic cancer has remained challenging to treat effectively. This study aimed to investigate the clinical effects and safety of immunotherapy with dendritic cells and cytokine-induced killer cells (DC-CIK) administered with the chemot ... Full text Link to item Cite

Abstract 1859: Hsp90 targeted near infrared molecular imaging to detect mammografically occult invasive lobular breast cancer

Conference Cancer Research · July 1, 2017 AbstractBackground: Early diagnosis of Invasive lobular carcinomas (ILCs) is clinically challenging due to its histopathologic features making it difficult to detect using mammography. Because of the diffuse ... Full text Cite

Abstract 4709: Induction of enhanced tumor-specific immunity by Hsp90 targeted photodynamic therapy (Hsp90-PDT) combined with immune checkpoint inhibition

Conference Cancer Research · July 1, 2017 AbstractBackground: Immunotherapy has become an emerging anti-cancer therapy, as immune checkpoint blockade with PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibition have been active against multiple cancer types. Nonetheless, there re ... Full text Cite

Inhibiting clathrin-mediated endocytosis of the leucine-rich G protein-coupled receptor-5 diminishes cell fitness.

Journal Article J Biol Chem · April 28, 2017 The leucine-rich G protein-coupled receptor-5 (LGR5) is expressed in adult tissue stem cells of many epithelia, and its overexpression is negatively correlated with cancer prognosis. LGR5 potentiates WNT/β-catenin signaling through its unique constitutive ... Full text Link to item Cite

A Fluorescent Hsp90 Probe Demonstrates the Unique Association between Extracellular Hsp90 and Malignancy in Vivo.

Journal Article ACS Chem Biol · April 21, 2017 Extracellular expression of heat shock protein 90 (eHsp90) by tumor cells is correlated with malignancy. Development of small molecule probes that can detect eHsp90 in vivo may therefore have utility in the early detection of malignancy. We synthesized a c ... Full text Link to item Cite

Benzimidazole inhibitors from the Niclosamide chemotype inhibit Wnt/β-catenin signaling with selectivity over effects on ATP homeostasis.

Journal Article Bioorg Med Chem · March 15, 2017 The Wnt signaling pathway plays a key role in organ and tissue homeostasis, and when dysregulated, can become a major underlying mechanism of disease, particularly cancer. We reported previously that the anthelmintic drug Niclosamide inhibits Wnt/β-catenin ... Full text Link to item Cite

Bisphenol A activates EGFR and ERK promoting proliferation, tumor spheroid formation and resistance to EGFR pathway inhibition in estrogen receptor-negative inflammatory breast cancer cells.

Journal Article Carcinogenesis · March 1, 2017 Emerging evidence from epidemiological studies suggests a link between environmental chemical exposure and progression of aggressive breast cancer subtypes. Of all clinically distinct types of breast cancers, the most lethal phenotypic variant is inflammat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Abstract A38: Checkpoint blockade elicits unique T cell expansion to promote tumor regression

Conference Cancer Immunology Research · March 1, 2017 AbstractWhile PD-1 and CTLA-4 immune checkpoint antibodies have led to durable clinical activity in certain cancers, only a fraction of patients exhibit responses. In these responsive tumors, PD-1 and CTLA-4 ... Full text Cite

Abstract B04: Intralesional vaccination with Ad-MAVS alters the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and elicits robust anti-tumor immunity in non-immunogenic cancers

Conference Cancer Immunology Research · March 1, 2017 AbstractBackground and Hypothesis: While the use of immune checkpoint blockade has gained significant traction as a viable therapy for certain cancers, many tumors remain refractory to these immunotherapies ... Full text Cite

Abstract B36: Modulating the tumor microenvironment to enhance cancer immunotherapy by inducing phosphatidylserine expression on the tumor surface

Conference Cancer Immunology Research · March 1, 2017 AbstractBackground and Hypothesis: While immune checkpoint blockade, in particular PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibition, has revolutionized cancer immunotherapy, a significant number of patients with solid tumors fail t ... Full text Cite

Abstract P2-04-27: CTLA-4 and PD-1 checkpoint inhibitors enhance individually tailored adaptive anti-tumor immune responses to overcome tumor immunosuppression and effectively treat triple-negative breast cancer

Conference Cancer Research · February 15, 2017 AbstractDespite a lack of unifying drivers in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC), our lab and others have uncovered that these cancers have elevated expression of inflammatory genes and immunosuppressive m ... Full text Cite

Adaptive T cell responses induced by oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus-granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor therapy expanded by dendritic cell and cytokine-induced killer cell adoptive therapy.

Journal Article Oncoimmunology · 2017 Purpose: Although local oncolytic viral therapy (OVT) may enhance tumor lysis, antigen release, and adaptive immune responses, systemic antitumor responses post-therapy are limited. Adoptive immunotherapy with autologous dendritic cells (DC) and cytokine-i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Vaccination targeting human HER3 alters the phenotype of infiltrating T cells and responses to immune checkpoint inhibition.

Journal Article Oncoimmunology · 2017 Expression of human epidermal growth factor family member 3 (HER3), a critical heterodimerization partner with EGFR and HER2, promotes more aggressive biology in breast and other epithelial malignancies. As such, inhibiting HER3 could have broad applicabil ... Full text Link to item Cite

Deficient Mismatch Repair and the Role of Immunotherapy in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer.

Journal Article Curr Treat Options Oncol · August 2016 Division of colorectal cancers (CRCs) into molecular subsets yields important consequences for prognosis and therapeutic response. The microsatellite instability (MSI) immune subgroup, accounting for 15 % of early-stage and 3 % of metastatic CRCs, are a re ... Full text Link to item Cite

Abstract 3417: Peripheral CD8+CD28-suppressive T lymphocytes act as a prognosticator among breast cancer patients with adoptive T-cell immunotherapy

Conference Cancer Research · July 15, 2016 AbstractIntroduction: This study aimed to assess the prognostic value of CD8+CD28− T lymphocyte in peripheral blood among breast cancer patients treated with adoptive T lymphocytes immunotherapy. ... Full text Cite

Preclinical Evaluation of 18F-Labeled Anti-HER2 Nanobody Conjugates for Imaging HER2 Receptor Expression by Immuno-PET.

Journal Article J Nucl Med · June 2016 UNLABELLED: The human growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2) is overexpressed in breast as well as other types of cancer. Immuno-PET, a noninvasive imaging procedure that could assess HER2 status in both primary and metastatic lesions simultaneously, could b ... Full text Link to item Cite

WE-FG-BRA-01: Cancer Treatment Utilizing Photo-Activation of Psoralen with KV X-Rays.

Journal Article Med Phys · June 2016 PURPOSE: This work investigates X-PACT (X-ray Psoralen Activated Cancer Therapy): a new approach for the treatment of cancer. X-PACT utilizes psoralen, a potent anti-cancer therapeutic with immunogenic anti-cancer potential. Psoralen therapies have been li ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dormant breast cancer micrometastases reside in specific bone marrow niches that regulate their transit to and from bone.

Journal Article Sci Transl Med · May 25, 2016 Breast cancer metastatic relapse can occur years after therapy, indicating that disseminated breast cancer cells (BCCs) have a prolonged dormant phase before becoming proliferative. A major site of disease dissemination and relapse is bone, although the cr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Abstract P4-09-16: A monoclonal antibody with exceptional specificity across major breast cancer subtypes

Conference Cancer Research · February 15, 2016 AbstractBackground: Breast cancer (BC) remains the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths for women in the United States and is recognized to be a heterogeneous disease. Advances in technologies such ... Full text Cite

Prospective study of cyclophosphamide, thiotepa, carboplatin combined with adoptive DC-CIK followed by metronomic cyclophosphamide therapy as salvage treatment for triple negative metastatic breast cancers patients (aged <45).

Journal Article Clin Transl Oncol · January 2016 BACKGROUND: The recent immunotherapy treatment on triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) leads to the breakthrough assignation. In this study, we have tried the new combinations of specific chemo with DC-CIKs immunotherapy to treat those patients. PATIENTS A ... Full text Link to item Cite

Immunodynamics: a cancer immunotherapy trials network review of immune monitoring in immuno-oncology clinical trials.

Journal Article J Immunother Cancer · 2016 The efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 targeted therapies in addition to anti-CTLA-4 solidifies immunotherapy as a modality to add to the anticancer arsenal. Despite raising the bar of clinical efficacy, immunologically targeted agents raise new challenges to conventi ... Full text Link to item Cite

X-Ray Psoralen Activated Cancer Therapy (X-PACT).

Journal Article PLoS One · 2016 This work investigates X-PACT (X-ray Psoralen Activated Cancer Therapy): a new approach for the treatment of solid cancer. X-PACT utilizes psoralen, a potent anti-cancer therapeutic with current application to proliferative disease and extracorporeal photo ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Checkpoint blockade in combination with cancer vaccines.

Journal Article Vaccine · December 16, 2015 Checkpoint blockade, prevention of inhibitory signaling that limits activation or function of tumor antigen-specific T cells responses, is revolutionizing the treatment of many poor prognosis malignancies. Indeed monoclonal antibodies that modulate signali ... Full text Link to item Cite

The prognostic value of peripheral CD4+CD25+ T lymphocytes among early stage and triple negative breast cancer patients receiving dendritic cells-cytokine induced killer cells infusion.

Journal Article Oncotarget · December 1, 2015 OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the prognostic value of CD4+CD25+ T lymphocyte in peripheral blood among breast cancer patients treated with adoptive T lymphocytes immunotherapy. METHODS: 217 patients participated in the follow-up study. CD4+CD25+ pr ... Full text Link to item Cite

The prognostic values of CYP2B6 genetic polymorphisms and metastatic sites for advanced breast cancer patients treated with docetaxel and thiotepa.

Journal Article Sci Rep · November 25, 2015 This study investigated interactive effects of CYP2B6 genotypes and liver metastasis on the prognosis of metastatic breast cancer patients who received combined chemotherapy of docetaxel and thiotepa. Totally 153 patients were retrospectively genotyped rs8 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Transformation of alkylating regimen of thiotepa into tepa determines the disease progression through GSTP1 gene polymorphism for metastatic breast cancer patients receiving thiotepa containing salvage chemotherapy.

Journal Article Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther · November 2015 BACKGROUND: The shifts to second-line chemotherapy for metastatic breast cancer (MBC) were widely required based on pharmaceutical molecular profiles to reach out precision medicine. The emerging precise treatment of cancer requires the implementation of c ... Full text Link to item Cite

An Anti-HER2 Nanobody Labeled with 18F Using a Residualizing Label for Assessing HER2 Status

Conference EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING · October 1, 2015 Link to item Cite

Structure-activity studies of Wnt/β-catenin inhibition in the Niclosamide chemotype: Identification of derivatives with improved drug exposure.

Journal Article Bioorg Med Chem · September 1, 2015 The Wnt signaling pathway plays a key role in regulation of organ development and tissue homeostasis. Dysregulated Wnt activity is one of the major underlying mechanisms responsible for many diseases including cancer. We previously reported the FDA-approve ... Full text Link to item Cite

Abstract 3212: Metastatic breast cancer cell communication within a pro-dormancy bone marrow niche

Conference Cancer Research · August 1, 2015 AbstractDistant metastases are the major cause of death from breast cancer. In estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer (BC) in particular, metastatic relapse can occur years after initial treatment, s ... Full text Cite

Breast Cancer Challenges and Screening in China: Lessons From Current Registry Data and Population Screening Studies.

Journal Article Oncologist · July 2015 BACKGROUND: As one of its responses to the increasing global burden of breast cancer (BC), China has deployed a national registration and BC screening campaign. The present report describes these programs and the initial results of these national BC contro ... Full text Link to item Cite

CEA/CD3-bispecific T cell-engaging (BiTE) antibody-mediated T lymphocyte cytotoxicity maximized by inhibition of both PD1 and PD-L1.

Journal Article Cancer Immunol Immunother · June 2015 Bispecific T cell-engaging (BiTE) antibodies recruit polyclonal cytotoxic T cells (CTL) to tumors. One such antibody is carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) BiTE that mediates T cell/tumor interaction by simultaneously binding CD3 expressed by T cells and CEA ex ... Full text Link to item Cite

Chemical compounds from anthropogenic environment and immune evasion mechanisms: potential interactions.

Journal Article Carcinogenesis · June 2015 An increasing number of studies suggest an important role of host immunity as a barrier to tumor formation and progression. Complex mechanisms and multiple pathways are involved in evading innate and adaptive immune responses, with a broad spectrum of chem ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assessing the carcinogenic potential of low-dose exposures to chemical mixtures in the environment: the challenge ahead.

Journal Article Carcinogenesis · June 2015 Lifestyle factors are responsible for a considerable portion of cancer incidence worldwide, but credible estimates from the World Health Organization and the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) suggest that the fraction of cancers attributab ... Full text Link to item Cite

Early detection of breast cancer using a unique tumor specific antibody

Conference JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY · May 20, 2015 Link to item Cite

Precision cancer immunotherapy: optimizing dendritic cell-based strategies to induce tumor antigen-specific T-cell responses against individual patient tumors.

Journal Article J Immunother · May 2015 Most dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccines have loaded the DC with defined antigens, but loading with autologos tumor-derived antigens would generate DCs that activate personalized tumor-specific T-cell responses. We hypothesized that DC matured with an optim ... Full text Link to item Cite

Regional variation in identified cancer care needs of early-career oncologists in China, India, and Pakistan.

Journal Article Oncologist · May 2015 BACKGROUND: Cancer incidence and mortality is increasing in the developing world. Inequities between low-, middle-, and high-income countries affect disease burden and the infrastructure needs in response to cancer. We surveyed early-career oncologists att ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cardiovascular comorbidities and survival of lung cancer patients: Medicare data based analysis.

Journal Article Lung Cancer · April 2015 OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the role of cardiovascular disease (CVD) comorbidity in survival of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The impact of seven CVDs (at the time of NSCLC diagnosis and during subsequent follow-up) o ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Lgr4 and Lgr5 drive the formation of long actin-rich cytoneme-like membrane protrusions.

Journal Article J Cell Sci · March 15, 2015 Embryonic development and adult tissue homeostasis require precise information exchange between cells and their microenvironment to coordinate cell behavior. A specialized class of ultra-long actin-rich filopodia, termed cytonemes, provides one mechanism f ... Full text Link to item Cite

Perhexiline promotes HER3 ablation through receptor internalization and inhibits tumor growth.

Journal Article Breast Cancer Res · February 15, 2015 INTRODUCTION: Human epidermal growth factor receptor HER3 has been implicated in promoting the aggressiveness and metastatic potential of breast cancer. Upregulation of HER3 has been found to be a major mechanism underlying drug resistance to EGFR and HER2 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Continuous DC-CIK infusions restore CD8+ cellular immunity, physical activity and improve clinical efficacy in advanced cancer patients unresponsive to conventional treatments.

Journal Article Asian Pac J Cancer Prev · 2015 BACKGROUND: There are few choices for treatment of advanced cancer patients who do not respond to or tolerate conventional anti-cancer treatments. Therefore this study aimed to deploy the benefits and clinical efficacy of continuous dendritic cell-cytokine ... Full text Link to item Cite

A review of the health impacts of barium from natural and anthropogenic exposure.

Journal Article Environ Geochem Health · August 2014 There is an increasing public awareness of the relatively new and expanded industrial barium uses which are potential sources of human exposure (e.g., a shale gas development that causes an increased awareness of environmental exposures to barium). However ... Full text Link to item Cite

A signature of epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity and stromal activation in primary tumor modulates late recurrence in breast cancer independent of disease subtype.

Journal Article Breast Cancer Res · July 25, 2014 INTRODUCTION: Despite improvements in adjuvant therapy, late systemic recurrences remain a lethal consequence of both early- and late-stage breast cancer. A delayed recurrence is thought to arise from a state of tumor dormancy, but the mechanisms that gove ... Full text Link to item Cite

Overexpression of the EMT driver brachyury in breast carcinomas: association with poor prognosis.

Journal Article J Natl Cancer Inst · May 9, 2014 BACKGROUND: The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been implicated as an important process in tumor cell invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance. The transcription factor brachyury has recently been described as a driver of EMT of human carcinom ... Full text Link to item Cite

Improved tumor targeting of anti-HER2 nanobody through N-succinimidyl 4-guanidinomethyl-3-iodobenzoate radiolabeling.

Journal Article J Nucl Med · April 2014 UNLABELLED: Nanobodies are approximately 15-kDa proteins based on the smallest functional fragments of naturally occurring heavy chain-only antibodies and represent an attractive platform for the development of molecularly targeted agents for cancer diagno ... Full text Link to item Cite

Long-term dynamics of death rates of emphysema, asthma, and pneumonia and improving air quality.

Journal Article Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis · 2014 BACKGROUND: The respiratory tract is a major target of exposure to air pollutants, and respiratory diseases are associated with both short- and long-term exposures. We hypothesized that improved air quality in North Carolina was associated with reduced rat ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Designing effective vaccines for colorectal cancer.

Journal Article Immunotherapy · 2014 Achieving long-term control of colorectal cancers with therapeutic vaccines that generate potent anti-tumor T cell and antibody responses has been a goal for more than two decades. To date, clinical trials of these vaccines have demonstrated induction of i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Overexpression of the EMT driver brachyury in breast carcinomas: association with poor prognosis.

Journal Article Journal of the National Cancer Institute · January 1, 2014 The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been implicated as an important process in tumor cell invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance. The transcription factor brachyury has recently been described as a driver of EMT of human carcinoma cells. Bra ... Cite

Modulation of immune system inhibitory checkpoints in colorectal cancer

Journal Article Current Colorectal Cancer Reports · December 1, 2013 T cell infiltration of colorectal cancer is associated with improved clinical outcome, underlining the importance of the immune system in cancer control; however, immune checkpoints, including the inhibitory T cell molecules CTLA-4 and PD-1 that temper the ... Full text Cite

Abstract C86: Tethered Hsp90 inhibitors carrying optical or radioiodinated probes reveal selective internalization of ectopic Hsp90 in malignant breast tumor cells.

Conference Molecular Cancer Therapeutics · November 1, 2013 AbstractHsp90 inhibitors have demonstrated unusual selectivity for tumor cells despite its ubiquitous expression. This phenomenon has remained unexplained but could be influenced by ectopically expressed Hsp ... Full text Cite

Optical and radioiodinated tethered Hsp90 inhibitors reveal selective internalization of ectopic Hsp90 in malignant breast tumor cells.

Journal Article Chem Biol · September 19, 2013 Inhibitors of heat-shock protein 90 (Hsp90) have demonstrated an unusual selectivity for tumor cells despite its ubiquitous expression. This phenomenon has remained unexplained, but could be influenced by ectopically expressed Hsp90 in tumors. In this work ... Full text Link to item Cite

Type III TGF-β receptor downregulation generates an immunotolerant tumor microenvironment.

Journal Article J Clin Invest · September 2013 Cancers subvert the host immune system to facilitate disease progression. These evolved immunosuppressive mechanisms are also implicated in circumventing immunotherapeutic strategies. Emerging data indicate that local tumor-associated DC populations exhibi ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Biomarkers and Correlative Endpoints for Immunotherapy Trials: What Can We Learn in Lung Cancer from Other Tumor Types?

Journal Article American Society of Clinical Oncology Educational Book · May 2013 Immunotherapies for lung cancer are reaching phase III clinical trial, but the ultimate success likely will depend on developing biomarkers to guide development and choosing patient populations most likely to benefit. Because the immune response to ... Full text Cite

Abstract 5681: Modulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling by niclosamide and related derivatives.

Conference Cancer Research · April 15, 2013 AbstractThe Wnt signal transduction pathway is dysregulated in many cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC) where activating mutations in this pathway occur in over 80% of sporadic colorectal cancers. As ... Full text Cite

Abstract 5298: Two distinctive single nucleotide polymorphisms determine liver metastases responses to docetaxel plus thiotepa for metastatic breast cancer patients.

Conference Cancer Research · April 15, 2013 AbstractThe successful predictively treatment of metastatic breast cancer (MBC) remains a major challenge. Until now there is no definite marker to distinguish responder from non-responder and more and more ... Full text Cite

Abstract LB-164: Treatment of advanced stage colorectal cancer with ETBX-011 immunotherapeutic.

Conference Cancer Research · April 15, 2013 AbstractIn this Phase 1/2a non-randomized study, 32 patients having advanced stage metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) were treated with a novel immunotherapeutic, ETBX-011 (Ad5 [E1-, E2b-]-CEA(6D)). The tri ... Full text Cite

Constitutive internalization of the leucine-rich G protein-coupled receptor-5 (LGR5) to the trans-Golgi network.

Journal Article J Biol Chem · April 12, 2013 LGR5 is a Wnt pathway associated G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that serves as a molecular determinant of stem cells in numerous tissues including the intestine, stomach, hair follicle, eye, and mammary gland. Despite its importance as a marker for this ... Full text Link to item Cite

Small molecule modulators of Wnt/β-catenin signaling.

Journal Article Bioorg Med Chem Lett · April 1, 2013 The Wnt signal transduction pathway is dysregulated in many highly prevalent diseases, including cancer. Unfortunately, drug discovery efforts have been hampered by the paucity of targets and drug-like lead molecules amenable to drug discovery. Recently, w ... Full text Link to item Cite

Minimization of heatwave morbidity and mortality.

Journal Article Am J Prev Med · March 2013 Global climate change is projected to increase the frequency and duration of periods of extremely high temperatures. Both the general populace and public health authorities often underestimate the impact of high temperatures on human health. To highlight t ... Full text Link to item Cite

A molecular profile of colorectal cancer to guide prognosis and therapy after resection of primary or metastatic disease.

Conference Journal of Clinical Oncology · February 1, 2013 339 Background: Biomarkers used to identify patients at high risk for recurrence after surgical resection of colorectal cancer (CRC) lack predictive capacity and are applicable only to localized disease. As the use of adjuvant th ... Full text Cite

Immunologic targeting of FOXP3 in inflammatory breast cancer cells.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2013 The forkhead transcription factor FOXP3 is necessary for induction of regulatory T lymphocytes (Tregs) and their immunosuppressive function. We have previously demonstrated that targeting Tregs by vaccination of mice with murine FOXP3 mRNA-transfected dend ... Full text Link to item Cite

Regulation of hedgehog signaling by Myc-interacting zinc finger protein 1, Miz1.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2013 Smoothened (Smo) mediated Hedgehog (Hh) signaling plays an essential role in regulating embryonic development and postnatal tissue homeostasis. Aberrant activation of the Hh pathway contributes to the formation and progression of various cancers. In verteb ... Full text Link to item Cite

Biomarkers and correlative endpoints for immunotherapy trials.

Journal Article Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book · 2013 Immunotherapies for lung cancer are reaching phase III clinical trial, but the ultimate success likely will depend on developing biomarkers to guide development and choosing patient populations most likely to benefit. Because the immune response to cancer ... Full text Link to item Cite

Bridging the information gap between health and the environment in North Carolina.

Journal Article J Public Health Manag Pract · 2013 OBJECTIVE: To better understand relationships between health and environmental hazards in North Carolina, a transdisciplinary group of participants from government and nongovernmental organizations (NFPs and universities) were appointed by the Research Tri ... Full text Link to item Cite

Modulation of Immune System Inhibitory Checkpoints in Colorectal Cancer

Journal Article Current Colorectal Cancer Reports · 2013 Cite

An heregulin-EGFR-HER3 autocrine signaling axis can mediate acquired lapatinib resistance in HER2+ breast cancer models.

Journal Article Breast Cancer Res · 2013 INTRODUCTION: The human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) oncogene is an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of HER2-addicted tumors. Although lapatinib, an FDA-approved small-molecule HER2 and epidermal g ... Full text Link to item Cite

Abstract P4-08-07: Novel insight into the tumor “flare” phenomenon and lapatinib resistance

Journal Article Cancer Research · December 15, 2012 AbstractBACKGROUND: Resistance to lapatinib generally develops in approximately half of patients within one year of initiating treatment. When lapatinib is withdrawn, there is often a rapid progression of di ... Full text Cite

Identification of a novel Smoothened antagonist that potently suppresses Hedgehog signaling.

Journal Article Bioorg Med Chem · November 15, 2012 The Hedgehog signaling pathway plays an essential role in embryo development and adult tissue homeostasis, in regulating stem cells and is abnormally activated in many cancers. Given the importance of this signaling pathway, we developed a novel and versat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Co-delivery of antigen and IL-12 by Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus replicon particles enhances antigen-specific immune responses and antitumor effects.

Journal Article Cancer Immunol Immunother · November 2012 We recently demonstrated that Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus-based replicon particle (VRPs) encoding tumor antigens could break tolerance in the immunomodulatory environment of advanced cancer. We hypothesized that local injection of VRP-expressing i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ad5 immunity after multiple safe, homologous immunizations against tumor-associated antigens with new recombinant Ad5 vector.

Journal Article J Clin Oncol · October 20, 2012 85 Background: The major limitation for the use of Ad5 and other vectored vaccines is the inability to be effective in the presence of pre-existing or concomitant vector immunity. An Ad5-based vector with deletions of the E1 and the E2b regions (Ad5 [E1-, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Differential effects of arsenic trioxide on chemosensitization in human hepatic tumor and stellate cell lines.

Journal Article BMC Cancer · September 10, 2012 BACKGROUND: Crosstalk between malignant hepatocytes and the surrounding peritumoral stroma is a key modulator of hepatocarcinogenesis and therapeutic resistance. To examine the chemotherapy resistance of these two cellular compartments in vitro, we evaluat ... Full text Link to item Cite

The insecticide synergist piperonyl butoxide inhibits hedgehog signaling: assessing chemical risks.

Journal Article Toxicol Sci · August 2012 The spread of chemicals, including insecticides, into the environment often raises public health concerns, as exemplified by a recent epidemiologic study associating in utero piperonyl butoxide (PBO) exposure with delayed mental development. The insecticid ... Full text Link to item Cite

Recombinant human endostatin could eliminate the pro-angiogenesis priority of SP cells sorted from non-small cell lung cancer cells.

Journal Article Clin Transl Oncol · August 2012 PURPOSE: To ascertain the biologic significance of lung cancer Side population (SP) cells, which represent putative cancer stem cells (CSC) in the absence of consensus biomarkers for tumor-specific CSC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We sorted and analyzed the ang ... Full text Link to item Cite

Non-genetic risk factors and predicting efficacy for docetaxel--drug-induced liver injury among metastatic breast cancer patients.

Journal Article J Gastroenterol Hepatol · August 2012 BACKGROUND AND AIM: Docetaxel has been chosen as one of the most popular anticancer drugs in the treatment of breast cancer for more than a decade. There is increasingly awareness for the occurrence of docetaxel and/or docetaxel-drug-induced liver injury ( ... Full text Link to item Cite

Characterization of an oxaliplatin sensitivity predictor in a preclinical murine model of colorectal cancer.

Journal Article Mol Cancer Ther · July 2012 Despite advances in contemporary chemotherapeutic strategies, long-term survival still remains elusive for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. A better understanding of the molecular markers of drug sensitivity to match therapy with patient is need ... Full text Link to item Cite

Polyclonal HER2-specific antibodies induced by vaccination mediate receptor internalization and degradation in tumor cells.

Journal Article Breast Cancer Res · June 7, 2012 INTRODUCTION: Sustained HER2 signaling at the cell surface is an oncogenic mechanism in a significant proportion of breast cancers. While clinically effective therapies targeting HER2 such as mAbs and tyrosine kinase inhibitors exist, tumors overexpressing ... Full text Link to item Cite

Novel recombinant alphaviral and adenoviral vectors for cancer immunotherapy.

Journal Article Semin Oncol · June 2012 Although cellular immunotherapy based on autolgous dendritic cells (DCs) targeting antigens expressed by metastatic cancer has demonstrated clinical efficacy, the logistical challenges in generating an individualized cell product create an imperative to de ... Full text Link to item Cite

Amplification and high-level expression of heat shock protein 90 marks aggressive phenotypes of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative breast cancer.

Journal Article Breast Cancer Res · April 17, 2012 INTRODUCTION: Although human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positive or estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancers are treated with clinically validated anti-HER2 or anti-estrogen therapies, intrinsic and acquired resistance to these therapi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Phase 1 clinical trial of HER2-specific immunotherapy with concomitant HER2 kinase inhibition [corrected].

Journal Article J Transl Med · February 10, 2012 BACKGROUND: Patients with HER2-overexpressing metastatic breast cancer, despite initially benefiting from the monoclonal antibody trastuzumab and the EGFR/HER2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor lapatinib, will eventually have progressive disease. HER2-based vaccin ... Full text Link to item Cite

Predictive and prognostic markers of recurrence after resection of primary or metastatic colorectal cancer.

Journal Article J Clin Oncol · February 2012 447 Background: Current biomarkers for colorectal cancer sub-classify tumors based on single mutations, such as KRAS; however, studies of single mutations belie the molecular complexity of colorectal cancer in which an average of 14 key genes per tumor is ... Link to item Cite

Discovering pathways in the tumor microenvironment important for recurrence-free survival in patients with colorectal liver metastasis.

Journal Article J Clin Oncol · February 2012 480 Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. Curative treatment for CRC liver metastasis can be achieved by surgical resection, but 5 year survival ranges between 20-40%. Current treatmen ... Link to item Cite

Predictive and prognostic markers of recurrence after resection of primary or metastatic colorectal cancer.

Journal Article Journal of Clinical Oncology · February 1, 2012 447 Background: Current biomarkers for colorectal cancer sub-classify tumors based on single mutations, such as KRAS; however, studies of single mutations belie the molecular complexity of colorectal cancer in which an average of ... Full text Cite

Discovering pathways in the tumor microenvironment important for recurrence-free survival in patients with colorectal liver metastasis.

Journal Article Journal of Clinical Oncology · February 1, 2012 480 Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. Curative treatment for CRC liver metastasis can be achieved by surgical resection, but 5 year survival ranges betwe ... Full text Cite

ErbB1/2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor mediates oxidative stress-induced apoptosis in inflammatory breast cancer cells.

Journal Article Breast Cancer Res Treat · February 2012 Overexpression of epidermal growth factor receptors (ErbB) is frequently seen in inflammatory breast cancer (IBC). Treatment with ErbB1/2-targeting agents (lapatinib) mediates tumor apoptosis by downregulating ErbB1/2 phosphorylation and downstream surviva ... Full text Link to item Cite

SMOOTHENED RECEPTOR MODULATORS

Journal Article · 2012 The present invention relates, in general, to the Smoothened receptor and, in particular, to a method of modulating Smoothened receptor activity and to compounds and compositions suitable for use in such a method. ... Cite

Evaluating the number of stages in development of squamous cell and adenocarcinomas across cancer sites using human population-based cancer modeling.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2012 BACKGROUND: Adenocarcinomas (ACs) and squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) differ by clinical and molecular characteristics. We evaluated the characteristics of carcinogenesis by modeling the age patterns of incidence rates of ACs and SCCs of various organs to ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Depleting regulatory T cells with arginine-rich, cell-penetrating, peptide-conjugated morpholino oligomer targeting FOXP3 inhibits regulatory T-cell function.

Journal Article Cancer Gene Ther · January 2012 CD4+CD25+regulatory T cells (T(reg)) impair anti-tumor and anti-viral immunity. As there are higher T(reg) levels in cancer patients compared with healthy individuals, there is considerable interest in eliminating them or altering their function as part of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Histological and molecular evaluation of patient-derived colorectal cancer explants.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2012 Mouse models have been developed to investigate colorectal cancer etiology and evaluate new anti-cancer therapies. While genetically engineered and carcinogen-induced mouse models have provided important information with regard to the mechanisms underlying ... Full text Link to item Cite

P1-13-03: Zoledronic Acid Induces an Immune Response in Breast Cancer Patients through Stimulation of Central Memory and Effector Memory gamma/delta T-Cells.

Journal Article Cancer Research · December 15, 2011 AbstractBackground Zoledronic acid (ZA) in combination with endocrine therapy (ET) and ovarian ablation (OA) reported a DFS advantage in premenopausal women with early stage breast cancer (EBC) in ABCSG-12. ... Full text Cite

Increasing vaccine potency through exosome antigen targeting.

Journal Article Vaccine · November 21, 2011 While many tumor associated antigens (TAAs) have been identified in human cancers, efforts to develop efficient TAA "cancer vaccines" using classical vaccine approaches have been largely ineffective. Recently, a process to specifically target proteins to e ... Full text Link to item Cite

Need for global partnership in cancer care: perceptions of cancer care researchers attending the 2010 australia and Asia pacific clinical oncology research development workshop.

Journal Article J Oncol Pract · September 2011 PURPOSE: To understand the diversity of issues and the breadth of growing clinical care, professional education, and clinical research needs of developing countries, not typically represented in Western or European surveys of cancer care and research. METH ... Full text Link to item Cite

Truncated ErbB2 expressed in tumor cell nuclei contributes to acquired therapeutic resistance to ErbB2 kinase inhibitors.

Journal Article Mol Cancer Ther · August 2011 ErbB2 tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) block tyrosine autophosphorylation and activation of the full-length transmembrane ErbB2 receptor (p185(ErbB2)). In addition to p185(ErbB2), truncated forms of ErbB2 exist in breast cancer cell lines and clinical tumo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Phase I study utilizing a novel antigen-presenting cell-targeted vaccine with Toll-like receptor stimulation to induce immunity to self-antigens in cancer patients.

Journal Article Clin Cancer Res · July 15, 2011 PURPOSE: The use of tumor-derived proteins as cancer vaccines is complicated by tolerance to these self-antigens. Tolerance may be broken by immunization with activated, autologous, ex vivo generated and antigen-loaded, antigen-presenting cells (APC); howe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Breast cancer as heterogeneous disease: contributing factors and carcinogenesis mechanisms.

Journal Article Breast Cancer Res Treat · July 2011 The observed bimodal patterns of breast cancer incidence in the U.S. suggested that breast cancer may be viewed as more than one biological entity. We studied the factors potentially contributing to this phenomenon, specifically focusing on how disease het ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

HER2 overexpression elicits a proinflammatory IL-6 autocrine signaling loop that is critical for tumorigenesis.

Journal Article Cancer Res · July 1, 2011 HER2 overexpression occurs in approximately 25% of breast cancers, where it correlates with poor prognosis. Likewise, systemic inflammation in breast cancer correlates with poor prognosis, although the process is not understood. In this study, we explored ... Full text Link to item Cite

Antihelminth compound niclosamide downregulates Wnt signaling and elicits antitumor responses in tumors with activating APC mutations.

Journal Article Cancer Res · June 15, 2011 Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation caused by adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) mutations occurs in approximately 80% of sporadic colorectal cancers (CRC). The antihelminth compound niclosamide downregulates components of the Wnt pathway, specifically Dishevel ... Full text Link to item Cite

A dendritic cell-based vaccine effects on T-cell responses compared with a viral vector vaccine when administered to patients following resection of colorectal metastases in a randomized phase II study.

Journal Article J Clin Oncol · May 20, 2011 2533 Background: CD8+ T cell responses to colorectal cancer are associated with longer survival. This has led to the hypothesis that cancer vaccines, capable of activating T cell responses, may improve clinical outcome. Vaccines based on antigen-presenting ... Link to item Cite

Survival rates among patients vaccinated following resection of colorectal cancer metastases in a phase II randomized study compared with contemporary controls.

Journal Article J Clin Oncol · May 20, 2011 3557 Background: Patients with completely resected metastases from colorectal cancer (CRC) remain at high risk of recurrence and death despite adjuvant chemotherapy. Recently, survival of prostate cancer patients was enhanced by antigen-presenting cell the ... Link to item Cite

Role of the type III TGF-β receptor in modulating antitumor immunity during breast cancer progression.

Journal Article J Clin Oncol · May 20, 2011 10540 Background: We have shown that breast cancers downregulate the expression of the type III TGF-β receptor (TβRIII) tumor suppressor during tumor progression. Previous work has shown TβRIII to undergo ectodomain shedding, enabling the sequestration of ... Link to item Cite

MHC class I-presented tumor antigens identified in ovarian cancer by immunoproteomic analysis are targets for T-cell responses against breast and ovarian cancer.

Journal Article Clin Cancer Res · May 15, 2011 PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to test whether peptide epitopes chosen from among those naturally processed and overpresented within MHC molecules by malignant, but not normal cells, when formulated into cancer vaccines, could activate antitumor T-c ... Full text Link to item Cite

Targeting GLI1 expression in human inflammatory breast cancer cells enhances apoptosis and attenuates migration.

Journal Article Br J Cancer · May 10, 2011 BACKGROUND: Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer with distinct molecular profiles. Gene expression profiling previously identified sonic hedgehog (SHH) as part of a gene signature that is differentially regulated in IB ... Full text Link to item Cite

Correlates of quality of life-related outcomes in breast cancer patients participating in the Pathfinders pilot study.

Journal Article Psychooncology · May 2011 OBJECTIVE: In a pilot study, participation in the Pathfinders program was associated with reductions in distress and despair and improvements in quality of life (QOL) among advanced breast cancer patients. This study explores the relationship between psych ... Full text Link to item Cite

MHC class I-presented lung cancer-associated tumor antigens identified by immunoproteomics analysis are targets for cancer-specific T cell response.

Journal Article J Proteomics · May 1, 2011 The development of potent cancer vaccines for common malignancies such as lung cancer requires identification of suitable target antigens. We hypothesized that peptide epitopes naturally presented by MHC class I molecules on the surface of cancer cells wou ... Full text Link to item Cite

Polyclonal immune responses to antigens associated with cancer signaling pathways and new strategies to enhance cancer vaccines.

Journal Article Immunol Res · April 2011 Aberrant signaling pathways are a hallmark of cancer. A variety of strategies for inhibiting signaling pathways have been developed, but monoclonal antibodies against receptor tyrosine kinases have been among the most successful. A challenge for these ther ... Full text Link to item Cite

ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17 (ADAM17) is naturally processed through major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules and is a potential immunotherapeutic target in breast, ovarian and prostate cancers.

Journal Article Clin Exp Immunol · March 2011 Selection of suitable antigens is critical for the development of cancer vaccines. Most desirable are over-expressed cell surface proteins that may serve as targets for both antibodies and T cells, thus maximizing a concerted immune response. Towards this ... Full text Link to item Cite

Development of an assay to predict oxaliplatin sensitivity from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) colorectal cancer tissues.

Conference Journal of Clinical Oncology · February 1, 2011 429 Background: Genomic profiling has improved our understanding of the underlying biology of tumors, accuracy of diagnosing disease, predictions of the courses of disease, and ability to determine the therapeutic agents that wil ... Full text Cite

Development of an assay to predict oxaliplatin sensitivity from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) colorectal cancer tissues.

Journal Article J Clin Oncol · February 2011 429 Background: Genomic profiling has improved our understanding of the underlying biology of tumors, accuracy of diagnosing disease, predictions of the courses of disease, and ability to determine the therapeutic agents that will be most effective in the ... Link to item Cite

TREATMENT OF WNT/FRIZZLED-RELATED DISEASES

Journal Article · 2011 Methods of treating Wnt/Frizzled-related diseases, comprising administering niclosamide compounds are provided. Methods of predicting whether a disease will respond to treatment with a niclosamide compound are also provided. ... Cite

SMOOTHENED RECEPTOR MODULATORS

Journal Article · 2011 Cite

Depletion of human regulatory T cells.

Journal Article Methods Mol Biol · 2011 Regulatory T cells (Treg) have become increasingly relevant in the study of human disease including cancer. Treg cells have been shown to inhibit anti-tumor immune responses, and elevated Treg levels have been associated with certain types of cancer. Simil ... Full text Link to item Cite

CSPG4 protein as a new target for the antibody-based immunotherapy of triple-negative breast cancer.

Journal Article J Natl Cancer Inst · October 6, 2010 BACKGROUND: The cell surface proteoglycan, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 (CSPG4), is a potential target for monoclonal antibody (mAb)-based immunotherapy for many types of cancer. The lack of effective therapy for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ligand-independent toll-like receptor signals generated by ectopic overexpression of MyD88 generate local and systemic antitumor immunity.

Journal Article Cancer Res · September 15, 2010 Although critical for initiating and regulating immune responses, the therapeutic use of individual cytokines as anticancer immunotherapeutic agents has achieved only modest clinical success. Consequently, many current strategies have focused on the use of ... Full text Link to item Cite

An alphavirus vector overcomes the presence of neutralizing antibodies and elevated numbers of Tregs to induce immune responses in humans with advanced cancer.

Journal Article J Clin Invest · September 2010 Therapeutic anticancer vaccines are designed to boost patients' immune responses to tumors. One approach is to use a viral vector to deliver antigen to in situ DCs, which then activate tumor-specific T cell and antibody responses. However, vector-specific ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Immune signatures predict prognosis in localized cancer.

Journal Article Cancer Invest · August 2010 The host immune response can impact cancer growth, prognosis, and response to therapy. In colorectal cancer, the presence of cells involved with T-cell-mediated adaptive immunity predicts survival better than the current staging method. We used the express ... Full text Link to item Cite

Phase 2 pilot study of Pathfinders: a psychosocial intervention for cancer patients.

Journal Article Support Care Cancer · July 2010 PURPOSE: Pathfinders is a multi-faceted psychosocial care program for cancer patients; it was developed in community oncology and adapted to the academic oncology setting. This prospective, single-arm, phase 2 pilot study examined the acceptability and fea ... Full text Link to item Cite

Anti-tumor immunotherapy despite immunity to adenovirus using a novel adenoviral vector Ad5 [E1-, E2b-]-CEA.

Journal Article Cancer Immunol Immunother · July 2010 Adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) has been widely used in clinical trials because it expresses inserted transgenes robustly and augments the innate immune response. Strategies to improve Ad5 vectors that can circumvent Ad5 immunity have become a critical issue, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Synergism from combined immunologic and pharmacologic inhibition of HER2 in vivo.

Journal Article Int J Cancer · June 15, 2010 The monoclonal antibody trastuzumab and the EGFR/HER2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor lapatinib improve the clinical outcome of patients with HER2-overexpressing breast cancer. However, the majority of metastatic cancers will eventually progress, suggesting the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Adenovirus vaccine immunotherapy targeting WT1-expressing tumors.

Journal Article Expert Opin Biol Ther · June 2010 IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD: Tumor associated antigens (TAAs) offer specific targets for developing cancer immunotherapies. In particular, viral vectors encoding transgenic TAAs have been used in recent vaccination strategies. Wilm's Tumor gene (WT1) is a robu ... Full text Link to item Cite

Electronic patient-reported data capture as a foundation of rapid learning cancer care.

Journal Article Med Care · June 2010 BACKGROUND: "Rapid learning healthcare" presents a new infrastructure to support comparative effectiveness research. By leveraging heterogeneous datasets (eg, clinical, administrative, genomic, registry, and research), health information technology, and so ... Full text Link to item Cite

Identification of select glucocorticoids as Smoothened agonists: potential utility for regenerative medicine.

Journal Article Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · May 18, 2010 Regenerative medicine holds the promise of replacing damaged tissues largely by stem cell activation. Hedgehog signaling through the plasma membrane receptor Smoothened (Smo) is an important process for regulating stem cell proliferation. The development o ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein inhibits apoptosis in inflammatory breast cancer cells with acquired resistance to an ErbB1/2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor.

Journal Article Mol Cancer Ther · May 2010 Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is a highly aggressive subtype of breast cancer that is often characterized by ErbB2 overexpression. ErbB2 targeting is clinically relevant using trastuzumab (anti-ErbB2 antibody) and lapatinib (small-molecule ErbB1/2 inhib ... Full text Link to item Cite

Abstract 5338: Metastatic colorectal cancer cells from patients previously treated with chemotherapy are sensitive to T cell killing mediated by CEA/CD3-bispecific T cell-engaging BiTE antibody

Journal Article Cancer Research · April 15, 2010 AbstractCarcinoembryonic antigen (CEA; CD66e, CEACAM5) is a well-characterized tumor-associated antigen that is frequently and uniformly over-expressed in human carcinomas. A novel bispecific single-chain an ... Full text Cite

An adenoviral vaccine encoding full-length inactivated human Her2 exhibits potent immunogenicty and enhanced therapeutic efficacy without oncogenicity.

Journal Article Clin Cancer Res · March 1, 2010 PURPOSE: Overexpression of the breast cancer oncogene HER2 correlates with poor survival. Current HER2-directed therapies confer limited clinical benefits and most patients experience progressive disease. Because refractory tumors remain strongly HER2+, va ... Full text Link to item Cite

Metastatic colorectal cancer cells from patients previously treated with chemotherapy are sensitive to T-cell killing mediated by CEA/CD3-bispecific T-cell-engaging BiTE antibody.

Journal Article Br J Cancer · January 5, 2010 BACKGROUND: Novel technologies to redirect T-cell killing against cancer cells are emerging. We hypothesised that metastatic human colorectal cancer (CRC) previously treated with conventional chemotherapy would be sensitive to T-cell killing mediated by ca ... Full text Link to item Cite

The anti-helminthic niclosamide inhibits Wnt/Frizzled1 signaling.

Journal Article Biochemistry · November 3, 2009 Wnt proteins bind to seven-transmembrane Frizzled receptors to mediate the important developmental, morphogenetic, and stem cell related tissue-regenerative effects of Wnt signaling. Dysregulated Wnt signaling is associated with many cancers. Currently, th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Quantitative Trait Loci and Epistasis for Oat Winter-Hardiness Component Traits

Journal Article Crop science. · November 2009 Winter hardiness is a complex trait and poor winter hardiness limits commercial production of winter oat (Avena spp.). The objective of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for five winter-hardiness component traits in a recombinant inb ... Full text Cite

Optimization of vaccine responses with an E1, E2b and E3-deleted Ad5 vector circumvents pre-existing anti-vector immunity.

Journal Article Cancer Gene Ther · September 2009 Recombinant serotype 5 adenovirus (Ad5) vectors lacking E1 expression induce robust immune responses against encoded transgenes in pre-clinical models, but have muted responses in human trials because of widespread pre-existing anti-adenovirus immunity. At ... Full text Link to item Cite

Physiology and therapeutics of vascular endothelial growth factor in tumor immunosuppression.

Journal Article Curr Mol Med · August 2009 Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), known as a primary mediator of tumor-induced angiogenesis, is now understood to have a role in tumor-associated immunosuppression. Initially, VEGF was identified to alter the growth and maturation of the immature ... Full text Link to item Cite

MLH1 expression sensitises ovarian cancer cells to cell death mediated by XIAP inhibition.

Journal Article Br J Cancer · July 21, 2009 BACKGROUND: The X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), an endogenous apoptosis suppressor, can determine the level of caspase accumulation and the resultant response to apoptosis-inducing agents such as cisplatin in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) ... Full text Link to item Cite

Feasibility and acceptability to patients of a longitudinal system for evaluating cancer-related symptoms and quality of life: pilot study of an e/Tablet data-collection system in academic oncology.

Journal Article J Pain Symptom Manage · June 2009 Programmed, notebook-style, personal computers ("e/Tablets") can collect symptom and quality-of-life (QOL) data at the point of care. Patients use an e/Tablet in the clinic waiting area to complete electronic surveys. Information then travels wirelessly to ... Full text Link to item Cite

Impact of a psychosocial intervention on performance status and coping.

Journal Article J Clin Oncol · May 20, 2009 9611 Background: Psychosocial distress is a critical cancer comorbidity; new interventions are needed. Pathfinders, a manualized psychosocial care program, provides patient navigation, counseling, coping skills training, mind/body techniques, and lifestyle ... Link to item Cite

Electronic patient-reported data capture as the foundation of a learning health care system.

Journal Article J Clin Oncol · May 20, 2009 6522 Background: In a "learning healthcare system" clinical decisions are supported by accurate information delivered at point of care; information gathered today iteratively informs future care and research. METHODS: Customized software on wireless tablet ... Link to item Cite

Impact of a psychosocial intervention on performance status and coping

Conference JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY · May 20, 2009 Link to item Cite

Induction of Wilms' tumor protein (WT1)-specific antitumor immunity using a truncated WT1-expressing adenovirus vaccine.

Journal Article Clin Cancer Res · April 15, 2009 PURPOSE: Wilms' tumor protein (WT1) is overexpressed in most leukemias and many solid tumors and is a promising target for tumor immunotherapy. WT1 peptide-based cancer vaccines have been reported but have limited application due to HLA restriction of the ... Full text Link to item Cite

SMOOTHENED RECEPTOR MODULATORS

Journal Article · 2009 The present invention relates, in general, to the Smoothened receptor and, in particular, to a method of modulating Smoothened receptor activity and to compounds and compositions suitable for use in such a method. ... Cite

Use of tablet personal computers for sensitive patient-reported information.

Journal Article J Support Oncol · 2009 Notebook-style computers (e/Tablets) are increasingly replacing paper methods for collecting patient-reported information. Discrepancies in data between these methods have been found in oncology for sexuality-related questions. A study was performed to for ... Link to item Cite

Improving health care efficiency and quality using tablet personal computers to collect research-quality, patient-reported data.

Journal Article Health Serv Res · December 2008 OBJECTIVE: To determine whether e/Tablets (wireless tablet computers used in community oncology clinics to collect review of systems information at point of care) are feasible, acceptable, and valid for collecting research-quality data in academic oncology ... Full text Link to item Cite

Translational Research Working Group developmental pathway for immune response modifiers.

Journal Article Clin Cancer Res · September 15, 2008 The Translational Research Working Group (TRWG) was created as a national initiative to evaluate the current status of the investment of National Cancer Institute in translational research and envision its future. The Translational Research Working Group c ... Full text Link to item Cite

The effect of anti-VEGF therapy on immature myeloid cell and dendritic cells in cancer patients.

Journal Article Cancer Immunol Immunother · August 2008 Impairment of dendritic cells (DC), the most effective activators of anticancer immune responses, is one mechanism for defective antitumor immunity, but the causes of DC impairment are incompletely understood. We evaluated the association of impaired DC di ... Full text Link to item Cite

Depletion of human regulatory T cells specifically enhances antigen-specific immune responses to cancer vaccines.

Journal Article Blood · August 1, 2008 CD4(+)CD25(high)FoxP3(+) regulatory T (Treg) cells limit antigen-specific immune responses and are a cause of suppressed anticancer immunity. In preclinical and clinical studies, we assessed the immune consequences of FoxP3(+) Treg-cell depletion in patien ... Full text Link to item Cite

Depletion of human regulatory T cells (Treg) and antigen-specific immune responses to cancer vaccines.

Journal Article J Clin Oncol · May 20, 2008 3010 Background: CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (Treg) limit antigen-specific immune responses and are a cause of suppressed anticancer immunity. Conversely, depletion of Treg leads to immune enhancement. The immunotoxin denileukin diftitox which selec ... Link to item Cite

E/Tablets to collect research-quality, patient-reported data.

Journal Article J Clin Oncol · May 20, 2008 17528 Background: Programmed, wireless, notebook-and-pen style, computers ("e/Tablets") can collect review of systems data at the point of care, for use in the clinic visit. Can e/Tablets deployed in outpatient oncology clinics be used to collect research ... Link to item Cite

E/Tablets to collect research-quality, patient-reported data

Conference Journal of Clinical Oncology · May 20, 2008 Full text Cite

Precision and linearity targets for validation of an IFNgamma ELISPOT, cytokine flow cytometry, and tetramer assay using CMV peptides.

Journal Article BMC Immunol · March 17, 2008 BACKGROUND: Single-cell assays of immune function are increasingly used to monitor T cell responses in immunotherapy clinical trials. Standardization and validation of such assays are therefore important to interpretation of the clinical trial data. Here w ... Full text Link to item Cite

Tumor antigens

Chapter · January 1, 2008 The concept of specific immunotherapy depends on the notion that tumors may be specifically targeted by immune effectors such as T cells and antibodies that distinguish distinct differences between normal tissues and tumors. This is in contrast to the conc ... Full text Cite

INHIBITION OF BREAST CARCINOMA STEM CELL GROWTH AND METASTASIS.

Journal Article · 2008 Disclosed is a method for inhibiting the growth of breast carcinoma stem cells, that express High Molecular Weight-Melanoma Associated Antigen (HMW-MAA). The method comprises administering to an individual a composition comprising an antibody reactive with ... Cite

Trastuzumab signaling in ErbB2-overexpressing inflammatory breast cancer correlates with X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein expression.

Journal Article Mol Cancer Ther · January 2008 Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) patients show poor survival and a significant incidence of epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (ErbB2) overexpression. A distinct mechanism involving increased expression of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Detailed analysis of cytomegalovirus (CMV)-specific T cells expanded for adoptive immunotherapy of CMV infection following allogeneic stem cell transplantation for malignant disease.

Journal Article Cytotherapy · 2008 BACKGROUND: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and its treatment causes significant morbidity following allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) for malignancies. We studied the phenotype, function and growth kinetics of CMV pp65 antigen (Ag)-specific T cel ... Full text Link to item Cite

Current immunotherapeutic strategies in colon cancer.

Journal Article Surg Oncol Clin N Am · October 2007 Because chemotherapy is standard in the treatment of colorectal cancer, it is important to demonstrate whether immunizations may be given to patients receiving systemic chemotherapy. Although some studies have demonstrated immune responses in patients with ... Full text Link to item Cite

Targeting hedgehog signaling in medulloblastoma

Conference NEURO-ONCOLOGY · October 1, 2007 Link to item Cite

Long term disease-free survival and T cell and antibody responses in women with high-risk Her2+ breast cancer following vaccination against Her2.

Journal Article J Transl Med · September 6, 2007 BACKGROUND: The HER2-inhibiting antibody trastuzumab, in combination with chemotherapy, significantly improves survival of women with resected, HER2-overexpressing breast cancers, but is associated with toxicities including a risk of cardiomyopathy. Additi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Natural killer cell activation and dendritic cell-based vaccines

Journal Article Minerva Biotecnologica · September 1, 2007 Natural killer (NK) cells are the key players of the innate immune system, which can immediately limit or eliminate dangerous challenges by pathogens or tumor cells to the host. Recent studies have demonstrated the reciprocal activation of NK cell and dend ... Cite

CPG-7909 (PF-3512676, ProMune): toll-like receptor-9 agonist in cancer therapy.

Journal Article Expert Opin Biol Ther · August 2007 Stimulation of toll-like receptor (TLR)9 activates human plasmacytoid dendritic cells and B cells, and induces potent innate immune responses in preclinical tumor models and in patients. CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) are TLR9 agonists that show promisin ... Full text Link to item Cite

Aging is associated with a rapid decline in frequency, alterations in subset composition, and enhanced Th2 response in CD1d-restricted NKT cells from human peripheral blood.

Journal Article Exp Gerontol · August 2007 NKT cells are important for initiating and regulating immune responses. We investigated the age-related changes in the CD1d-restricted semi-invariant NKT (iNKT) cells in peripheral blood of healthy adults. The iNKT cell frequency was 2.5- to 10.7-fold less ... Full text Link to item Cite

Investigation of HIFU-induced anti-tumor immunity in a murine tumor model.

Journal Article J Transl Med · July 11, 2007 BACKGROUND: High intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is an emerging non-invasive treatment modality for localized treatment of cancers. While current clinical strategies employ HIFU exclusively for thermal ablation of the target sites, biological responses ... Full text Link to item Cite

E-tablets to collect research-quality patient-reported data

Conference JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY · June 20, 2007 Link to item Cite

Dendritic cell vaccines.

Journal Article Front Biosci · May 1, 2007 Dendritic cells are antigen-presenting cells that have been shown to stimulate tumor antigen-specific T cell responses in preclinical studies. Consequently, there has been intense interest in developing dendritic cell based cancer vaccines. A variety of me ... Full text Link to item Cite

Vascular endothelial growth factor and immunosuppression in cancer: current knowledge and potential for new therapy.

Journal Article Expert Opin Biol Ther · April 2007 Two decades of research into the role of immunosuppression and angiogenesis in tumor biology have revealed multiple links between the two. Vascular endothelial growth factor, originally thought to be solely involved in vascular growth and permeability, has ... Full text Link to item Cite

Immunotherapeutic targeting of Wilms' tumor protein.

Journal Article Curr Opin Mol Ther · February 2007 The expression of Wilms' tumor protein (WT1)-derived peptides on malignant cell surfaces and recognition of those peptides by cellular and humoral immune responses suggest that WT1 may be a promising potential target antigen in immunotherapeutic trials. Wi ... Link to item Cite

INHIBITION OF BREAST CARCINOMA STEM CELL GROWTH AND METASTASIS

Journal Article · 2007 Disclosed is a method for inhibiting the growth of breast carcinoma stem cells, that express High Molecular Weight-Melanoma Associated Antigen (HMW-MAA). The method comprises administering to an individual a composition comprising an antibody reactive with ... Cite

Inhibition of breast carcinoma stem cell growth and metastasis

Journal Article · 2007 Disclosed is a method for inhibiting the growth of breast carcinoma stem cells. that express High Molecular Weight -Melanoma Associated Antigen (HMW-MAA). The method comprises administering to an individual a composition comprising an antibody reactive wit ... Cite

Recent clinical progress in virus-based therapies for cancer.

Journal Article Expert Opin Biol Ther · November 2006 As our knowledge of the molecular basis of cancer expands, viral vectors have been increasingly studied as potential antitumour therapeutic agents. With their ability to invade and replicate within target cells, viruses have been utilised as oncolytic agen ... Full text Link to item Cite

Gene therapy for lung cancer.

Journal Article J Cell Biochem · September 1, 2006 Lung cancer patients suffer a 15% overall survival despite advances in chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery. This unacceptably low survival rate is due to the usual finding of advanced disease at diagnosis. However, multimodality strategies using c ... Full text Link to item Cite

NK cell activation by dendritic cell vaccine: a mechanism of action for clinical activity.

Journal Article Cancer Immunol Immunother · September 2006 Recent reports revealed that dendritic cell (DC)-natural killer (NK) cell interaction plays an important role in tumor immunity, but few DC vaccine studies have attempted to evaluate the non-specific, yet potentially clinically relevant, NK response to imm ... Full text Link to item Cite

Investigation of HIFU-induced anti-tumor immunity in a murine tumor model

Journal Article AIP Conference Proceedings · May 8, 2006 To determine whether HIFU treatment can elicit a systemic, anti-tumor immune response in vivo, MC-38 solid tumors grown subcutaneously at the right hindlimbs of C57BL/6 mice were treated in an experimental HIFU system. Three different treatment strategies ... Full text Cite

Role of natural killer cell function in dendritic cell-based vaccines.

Journal Article Expert Rev Vaccines · February 2006 Recent studies have elucidated the functional links between natural killer (NK) cells and, demonstrating the reciprocal activation of these cell types through NK-DC interactions. The subsets of cells and molecular pathways involved in such interactions hav ... Full text Link to item Cite

Maximizing the retention of antigen specific lymphocyte function after cryopreservation.

Journal Article J Immunol Methods · January 20, 2006 The ability to cryopreserve lymphocytes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to retain their function after thawing is critical to the analysis of cancer immunotherapy studies. We evaluated a variety of cryopreservation strategies with the aim of d ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dendritic cell-based immunotherapy.

Journal Article Int Rev Immunol · 2006 Dendritic cells (DCs) play a crucial role in the induction of antigen-specific T-cell responses, and therefore their use for the active immunotherapy of malignancies has been studied with considerable interest. More than a decade has passed since the publi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Intracellular Cytokine Assays

Chapter · December 1, 2005 This chapter provides an overview of intracellular cytokine assays. Intracellular cytokine assays are a relatively new method of identifying cytokine production by individual T cells and have the ability to correlate cytokine expression with cell surface p ... Full text Cite

Release of endogenous danger signals from HIFU-treated tumor cells and their stimulatory effects on APCs.

Journal Article Biochem Biophys Res Commun · September 16, 2005 The effects of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) on the release of endogenous danger signals from tumor cells and subsequent activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) were evaluated in vitro. MC-38 mouse tumor cells were treated using a 1.1 MHz ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ex vivo expanded human CD4+ regulatory NKT cells suppress expansion of tumor antigen-specific CTLs.

Journal Article Int Immunol · September 2005 NKT cells can produce large amounts of both Th1- and Th2-type cytokines and are an important regulatory cell type. To elucidate their role in acquired immunity, we examined the effect of human Valpha24+Vbeta11+ NKT cells or CD1d-specific ligand alpha-galac ... Full text Link to item Cite

The development of therapeutic and preventive vaccines for gastric cancer and Helicobacter pylori.

Journal Article Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev · August 2005 Gastric cancer is one of the most important worldwide public health problems. Convincing epidemiologic and etiologic associations have been made between the development of gastric cancer and infection with Helicobacter pylori. H. pylori not only has adapte ... Full text Link to item Cite

Impact of cryopreservation on tetramer, cytokine flow cytometry, and ELISPOT.

Journal Article BMC Immunol · July 18, 2005 BACKGROUND: Cryopreservation of PBMC and/or overnight shipping of samples are required for many clinical trials, despite their potentially adverse effects upon immune monitoring assays such as MHC-peptide tetramer staining, cytokine flow cytometry (CFC), a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Correlation of clinical outcome with natural killer (NK) response to an anti-cancer, dendritic cell-based vaccine.

Journal Article J Clin Oncol · June 2005 2585 Background: Cancer vaccines have generally been developed to activate antigen-specific T cell responses, but few studies have attempted to evaluate the non-specific, yet potentially clinically-relevant, NK response to immunization. We hypothesized tha ... Link to item Cite

Phase I study of immunization with dendritic cells modified with fowlpox encoding carcinoembryonic antigen and costimulatory molecules.

Journal Article Clin Cancer Res · April 15, 2005 PURPOSE: To determine the safety and immunologic and clinical efficacy of a dendritic cell vaccine modified to hyperexpress costimulatory molecules and tumor antigen. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: In this phase I study, we administered one or two cycles of four tri ... Full text Link to item Cite

A phase I study of dexosome immunotherapy in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Journal Article J Transl Med · February 21, 2005 BACKGROUND: There is a continued need to develop more effective cancer immunotherapy strategies. Exosomes, cell-derived lipid vesicles that express high levels of a narrow spectrum of cell proteins represent a novel platform for delivering high levels of a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Recent developments in therapeutic cancer vaccines.

Journal Article Nat Clin Pract Oncol · February 2005 Therapeutic cancer vaccines are being developed with the intention of treating existing tumors or preventing tumor recurrence. While the results of clinical trials, predominantly in the metastatic setting have been sobering, the central hypothesis of activ ... Full text Link to item Cite

Enumerating antigen-specific T-cell responses in peripheral blood: a comparison of peptide MHC Tetramer, ELISpot, and intracellular cytokine analysis.

Journal Article J Immunother · 2005 Detection of the circulating antigen-specific T-cell response to immunization is an important biologic end point in clinical trials of cancer vaccines. Typically employed assays are peptide MHC tetramer, ELISpot, and intracellular cytokine analysis. Althou ... Full text Link to item Cite

Immune monitoring.

Journal Article Cancer Treat Res · 2005 A wide array of immunologic tests are available for immune monitoring in cancer vaccine trials, and the number of novel assays and technical modifications continues to burgeon. Because only a small fraction of all proposed vaccine trials tested in phase I- ... Full text Link to item Cite

Immunotherapy of surgical malignancies: Commentary

Other Diseases of the Colon and Rectum · January 1, 2005 Cite

Intracellular Cytokine Assays

Chapter · December 30, 2004 This chapter provides an overview of intracellular cytokine assays. Intracellular cytokine assays are a relatively new method of identifying cytokine production by individual T cells and have the ability to correlate cytokine expression with cell surface p ... Full text Cite

Active immunotherapy with Flt3-ligand mobilized peripheral blood dendritic cells loaded with carcinoembryonic antigen peptide in patients with metastatic malignancies

Journal Article Journal of Applied Research · December 1, 2004 Background: Dendritic cells (DC) loaded with tumor antigens induce immune responses in some cancer patients. However, the most commonly used method for obtaining clinical grade DC requires in vitro generation over 7 days in media containing cytokine, incre ... Cite

Flt3-ligand as a vaccine adjuvant: Results in a study of Flt3-ligand plus tetanus toxoid immunization

Journal Article Journal of Applied Research · December 1, 2004 Dendritic cells (DC) efficiently process and present antigens to the effector arm of the immune system, thereby stimulating immunity against antigens of both foreign and self origin. Administration of Flt3-ligand (FL) has been reported to increase dendriti ... Cite

Regulatory and effector T cell subsets and dendritic cells in breast cancer.

Journal Article J Clin Oncol · July 15, 2004 9697 Background: Successful immune responses against breast cancer may depend on the balance between immune stimulation mediated through dendritic cells (DC) & cytolytic T cells, and immune inhibition mediated in part by CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Treg) ... Link to item Cite

Safety profile of therapeutic pox virus-based vaccines for cancer.

Journal Article J Clin Oncol · July 15, 2004 2513 Background: The eradication of smallpox is, in part, attributed to the effectiveness of vaccination with poxvirus vaccines. Recombinant poxviruses have now been developed as core components of therapeutic tumor vaccines. To date >700 patients received ... Link to item Cite

Phase I study of immunization with dendritic cells (DC) modified with recombinant fowlpox encoding carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and the triad of costimulatory molecules CD54, CD58, and CD80 (rF-CEA(6D)-TRICOM) in patients with advanced malignancies.

Journal Article J Clin Oncol · July 15, 2004 2508 Background: We hypothesize that the activity of vaccines based on DC loaded with tumor antigens will be enhanced by modifications that increase antigen expression and costimulatory activity of the DC. METHODS: In an ongoing phase I study, we are admin ... Link to item Cite

Safety profile of therapeutic pox virus-based vaccines for cancer.

Conference JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY · July 15, 2004 Link to item Cite

Accelerated partial breast irradiation after conservative surgery for breast cancer.

Journal Article Ann Surg · March 2004 OBJECTIVE: To critically review the theoretical and actual risks and benefits of accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) after breast-conserving surgery. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Because of rapid evolution of radiation therapy techniques related to b ... Full text Link to item Cite

Handbook of Cancer Vaccines

Book · January 1, 2004 Michael A. Morse, Timothy M. Clay, H. Kim Lyerly. cellular vaccines poses new issues for the Food and Drug Administration and other regulators. Regulatory requirements for cellbased vaccines are discussed in Chapter 37. ... Cite

Thoracic paravertebral blockade for ambulatory breast cancer surgery

Conference BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT · January 1, 2004 Link to item Cite

Magnitude and duration of antigen-specific immune response may affect clinical response

Conference Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy · December 1, 2003 Cite

Tackling T-cell tumors

Other Blood · October 1, 2003 Full text Cite

Preparation of peptide-loaded dendritic cells for cancer immunotherapy.

Journal Article Mol Biotechnol · September 2003 Dendritic cell-based vaccines are being evaluated in clinical trials to determine their ability to activate clinically relevant tumor antigen-specific immune responses. Although some groups isolate dendritic cells from peripheral blood, most have found it ... Full text Link to item Cite

Immunotherapy with autologous, human dendritic cells transfected with carcinoembryonic antigen mRNA.

Journal Article Cancer Invest · June 2003 Featured Publication Immunizations with dendritic cells (DC) transfected with RNA encoding tumor antigens induce potent tumor antigen-specific immune responses in vitro and in murine models. We performed a phase I study of patients with advanced carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)- ... Full text Link to item Cite

HER2 dendritic cell vaccines.

Journal Article Clin Breast Cancer · February 2003 Featured Publication HER2/neu, a tumor antigen overexpressed by a third of breast cancers, is a potential target for vaccine therapies. A particularly potent immunization strategy to induce T-cell responses against tumor antigens is to use dendritic cells (DCs) loaded with the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Proteomics for monitoring immune responses to cancer vaccines.

Journal Article Curr Opin Mol Ther · February 2003 Standardized biomarkers for the detection of clinically significant immunological responses would be extremely valuable in immunotherapy trials. Most available assays measure either the frequency or function of antigen-specific T-cells, or the titers of an ... Link to item Cite

Recent areas of development for dendritic cell vaccines.

Journal Article Cancer Chemother Biol Response Modif · 2003 Full text Link to item Cite

Current status of dendritic cell immunotherapy of malignancies.

Journal Article Int Rev Immunol · 2003 Because dendritic cells (DC) are central to the induction of antigen-specific T cell responses, their use for the active immunotherapy of malignancies has been of considerable interest. Since clinical trials with DC-based vaccines have been initiated, a nu ... Full text Link to item Cite

Immunoregulatory T cells in cancer immunotherapy.

Journal Article Expert Opin Biol Ther · December 2002 Many of the tumour antigens targeted by active immunisation strategies are in fact self-antigens. Successful anticancer immunotherapy will therefore require not only potent methods of T cell activation, but also successful interference with mechanisms of i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dendritic cell-based vaccines in cancer: Clinical experience to date

Journal Article American Journal of Cancer · December 1, 2002 Therapeutic vaccines that can activate the immune system to destroy malignancies hold the promise of a low-toxicity, precisely targeted anticancer treatment modality. Because dendritic cells (DCs) are central to the activation of antigen-specific immune re ... Full text Cite

Multiple signals are required for maturation of human dendritic cells mobilized in vivo with Flt3 ligand.

Journal Article J Leukoc Biol · September 2002 Featured Publication The ligand for the receptor tyrosine kinase fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (Flt3L) is a growth factor for hematopoietic progenitors and induces expansion of the two distinct lineages of dendritic cells (DC) that have been described in humans. These two lineage ... Link to item Cite

Dendritic cell recovery following nonmyeloablative allogeneic stem cell transplants.

Journal Article J Hematother Stem Cell Res · August 2002 Featured Publication Nonmyeloablative allogeneic stem cell transplantation (NMSCT) may destroy some malignancies through a graft-versus-tumor (GVT) effect, but tumor relapse and viral reactivation remain challenges for which immunizations may be helpful. Dendritic cells (DC), ... Full text Link to item Cite

DNA and RNA modified dendritic cell vaccines.

Journal Article World J Surg · July 2002 Featured Publication The purpose of this paper is to describe the strategies for genetic modification of dendritic cells for use in active immunotherapy for the treatment of malignancies. An accruing body of data supports the concept of directing a therapeutic immune response, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Redirecting cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses with T-cell receptor transgenes.

Journal Article Expert Opin Biol Ther · April 2002 Featured Publication In cancer and viral diseases, a great deal of research has focused on generating T-cell responses that might prove therapeutic. These efforts stem from our understanding of the immune system. It is known that the natural immune response can protect or supp ... Full text Link to item Cite

Induction of tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in cancer patients by autologous tumor RNA-transfected dendritic cells.

Journal Article Ann Surg · April 2002 OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the feasibility of inducing tumor antigen-specific immune responses in patients with metastatic cancer using total tumor RNA-loaded dendritic cells (DCs). SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: The authors have shown that DCs transfected with m ... Full text Link to item Cite

Current status of adoptive immunotherapy of malignancies.

Journal Article Expert Opin Biol Ther · March 2002 Featured Publication Adoptive immunotherapy involves the transfer of immune effectors with antitumour activity into the tumour bearing host. Early approaches such as lymphokine activator killer (LAK) cells and tumour infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have yielded occasional clin ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pocket Surgery

Book · January 2002 Pocket Surgery contains brief synopses of the basic steps of common operative procedures, including general/transplant surgery, vascular surgery, pediatric surgery, and other invasive procedures. ... Cite

Immunologic monitoring of cancer vaccine therapy: results of a workshop sponsored by the Society for Biological Therapy.

Journal Article J Immunother · 2002 Featured Publication The Society for Biological Therapy held a Workshop last fall devoted to immune monitoring for cancer immunotherapy trials. Participants included members of the academic and pharmaceutical communities as well as the National Cancer Institute and the Food an ... Full text Link to item Cite

CEA loaded dendritic cell vaccines.

Journal Article Cancer Chemother Biol Response Modif · 2002 Link to item Cite

The feasibility and safety of immunotherapy with dendritic cells loaded with CEA mRNA following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and resection of pancreatic cancer.

Journal Article Int J Gastrointest Cancer · 2002 Featured Publication BACKGROUND: Resected pancreatic cancer has a high risk of recurrence and mortality despite the the use of chemoradiotherapy. Because pancreatic cancers express tumor antigens such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), it may be possible to immunize patients t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dendritic cell maturation in active immunotherapy strategies.

Journal Article Expert Opin Biol Ther · January 2002 Dendritic cells (DCs) loaded with tumour antigen have become the centrepiece of clinical trials testing active immunotherapy strategies. Important variables include the source of DCs, the choice of antigens, the method of antigen loading and the route and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Molecular basis for cell tropism of CXCR4-dependent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates.

Journal Article J Virol · August 2001 Laboratory isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) that utilize CXCR4 as a coreceptor infect primary human macrophages inefficiently even though these express a low but detectable level of cell surface CXCR4. In contrast, infection of prima ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assays for monitoring cellular immune responses to active immunotherapy of cancer.

Journal Article Clin Cancer Res · May 2001 Numerous cancer immunotherapy strategies are currently being tested in clinical trials. Although clinical efficacy will be the final test of these approaches, the long and complicated developmental pathway for these agents necessitates evaluating immunolog ... Link to item Cite

Surrogate markers of response to cancer immunotherapy.

Other Expert Opin Biol Ther · March 2001 Clinically effective cancer immunotherapy has been sought for more than 100 years and has been recently applied most successfully in strategies that passively deliver immune effectors such as monoclonal antibodies (anti-CD20 for lymphoma and anti-HER2/neu ... Full text Link to item Cite

Direct detection of cellular immune responses to cancer vaccines.

Journal Article Surgery · March 2001 The evaluation of cancer immunotherapy is predicated on the hypothesis that markers of tumor antigen-specific T-cell immunity will cone-late with clinical efficacy. Establishing which candidate vaccines should enter large-scale clinical trials will necessi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Monitoring cellular immune responses to cancer immunotherapy.

Journal Article Curr Opin Mol Ther · February 2001 Many clinical trials are testing the feasibility of stimulating the immune system to treat cancer. Although the efficacy of this approach will ultimately be determined by clinically relevant endpoints, detection of the magnitude and activity of the immune ... Link to item Cite

Quantitating therapeutically relevant T-cell responses to cancer vaccines.

Journal Article Crit Rev Immunol · 2001 Successful application of active immunotherapy to the treatment of cancer will require stimulation of potent antigen-specific T-cell responses. It is not known how numerous or how potent these T cells must be in order to abrogate tumors, but the levels of ... Link to item Cite

Preoperative mobilization of circulating dendritic cells by Flt3 ligand administration to patients with metastatic colon cancer.

Journal Article J Clin Oncol · December 1, 2000 Featured Publication PURPOSE: To evaluate preoperative dendritic cell (DC) mobilization and tumor infiltration after administration of Flt3 ligand (Flt3L) to patients with metastatic colon cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twelve patients with colon cancer metastatic to the liver ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dendritic cell (DC) reconstitution after nonmyeloablative allogeneic stem cell transplants

Conference Blood · December 1, 2000 Non-myeloablative allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplants {mini-allo PBSCT) are being evaluated as a lower toxicity alternative to conventional allogeneic transplantation for harnessing graft versus tumor effects. Induction of anti-tumor immunity ... Cite

A subset of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells expresses high levels of interleukin-12 in response to combined CD40 ligand and interferon-gamma treatment.

Journal Article Blood · November 15, 2000 Featured Publication Dendritic cells (DCs) may arise from multiple lineages and progress through a series of intermediate stages until fully mature, at which time they are capable of optimal antigen presentation and T-cell activation. High cell surface expression of CD83 is pr ... Link to item Cite

Blocking the initiation of coagulation by RNA aptamers to factor VIIa.

Journal Article Thromb Haemost · November 2000 The tissue factor/factor VIIa complex is thought to be the primary initiator of most physiologic blood coagulation events. Because of its proximal role in this process, we sought to generate new inhibitors of tissue factor/factor VIIa activity by targeting ... Link to item Cite

Tumor-specific recognition of human myeloma cells by idiotype-induced CD8(+) T cells.

Journal Article Blood · October 15, 2000 Featured Publication Immunoglobulin secreted by myeloma cells contains a unique antigenic determinant (idiotype [Id]) that may serve as a tumor-specific antigen. Although Id-protein-specific T-cell responses have been reported in patients with myeloma, it is not known whether ... Link to item Cite

Optimizing dendritic cell function by genetic modification.

Journal Article J Natl Cancer Inst · August 2, 2000 Featured Publication Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy and thymic transplantation on immunoreconstitution in HIV infection.

Journal Article AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses · March 20, 2000 Featured Publication The purpose of this study was to determine whether thymic transplantation in addition to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) will restore T cell function in HIV infection. Eight treatment-naive HIV-infected patients with CD4+ T cell counts of 200- ... Full text Link to item Cite

Induction of tumor immunity and cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses using dendritic cells transfected with messenger RNA amplified from tumor cells.

Journal Article Cancer Res · February 15, 2000 Featured Publication Unique patient-specific tumor antigens may constitute the dominant antigens in the antitumor immune response. Hence, vaccination with the patient's own repertoire of tumor antigens may offer a superior strategy to elicit protective immunity. We have shown ... Link to item Cite

Clinical applications of dendritic cell vaccines.

Journal Article Curr Opin Mol Ther · February 2000 Dendritic cells play a central role in the presentation of antigen to naïve T-cells and the induction of primary immune responses. Preclinical studies have established that dendritic cells loaded with antigens ex vivo induce potent antitumor and antiviral ... Link to item Cite

Gene therapy for lung cancer.

Journal Article Clin Lung Cancer · February 2000 Gene therapy is emerging as a promising modality for the treatment of lung cancer. Diverse strategies employing gene therapy for lung cancer have been investigated in vitro and in animal models, and a number of these approaches have met with promising resu ... Full text Link to item Cite

A comparative study of the generation of dendritic cells from mobilized peripheral blood progenitor cells of patients undergoing high-dose chemotherapy.

Journal Article J Hematother Stem Cell Res · December 1999 Featured Publication Immunization with ex vivo-generated, tumor antigen-loaded dendritic cells (DC) has been proposed as a strategy for reducing relapses following high-dose chemotherapy, but the ideal time and method for obtaining DC progenitors are unknown. We determined the ... Full text Link to item Cite

The role of IL-13 in the generation of dendritic cells in vitro.

Journal Article J Immunother · November 1999 Featured Publication Clinical trials of active immunotherapy strategies against viral infections and malignancies are increasingly using dendritic cells (DC) generated in vitro from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in media supplemented with granulocyte macrophage col ... Full text Link to item Cite

Induction of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses in vitro using autologous dendritic cells loaded with CEA peptide or CEA RNA in patients with metastatic malignancies expressing CEA.

Journal Article Int J Cancer · July 2, 1999 Featured Publication The application of dendritic cells (DC) to the active immunotherapy of cancer currently relies on the generation of potent DC capable of presenting tumor antigens such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). It is unknown whether the T cells of patients with ad ... Full text Link to item Cite

A Phase I study of active immunotherapy with carcinoembryonic antigen peptide (CAP-1)-pulsed, autologous human cultured dendritic cells in patients with metastatic malignancies expressing carcinoembryonic antigen.

Journal Article Clin Cancer Res · June 1999 Featured Publication Dendritic cells (DCs), antigen-presenting cells capable of priming naive T cells to specific antigens in an HLA-restricted fashion, have been demonstrated to induce protective T cell-mediated immunity in tumor-bearing animals. We performed this study to te ... Link to item Cite

Isolation of RNA aptamers to block coagulation

Journal Article FASEB JOURNAL · April 23, 1999 Link to item Cite

Cellular and biological therapies of gastrointestinal tumors: overview of clinical trials.

Journal Article Ann Surg Oncol · March 1999 Because of the high relapse rate of resected gastrointestinal malignancies and the modest responses of metastatic disease to currently available therapies, biologic agents that harness host-tumor immunologic interactions have received increased attention. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Migration of human dendritic cells after injection in patients with metastatic malignancies.

Journal Article Cancer Res · January 1, 1999 Featured Publication Present clinical studies of active immunotherapy for malignancies using dendritic cells (DCs) require elucidation of the sites where DCs localize after injection. We evaluated the pattern of distribution of in vitro-generated, antigen-loaded, human DCs lab ... Link to item Cite

Dendritic cell-based approaches to cancer immunotherapy.

Journal Article Expert Opin Investig Drugs · October 1998 Immunologic approaches to the treatment of malignancies are currently enjoying a resurgence of enthusiasm due to the discovery of tumour-associated antigens and the requirements for stimulating a tumour antigen-specific immune response. The goal of the new ... Full text Link to item Cite

AIDS-related malignancies.

Journal Article Ann Med · August 1998 In the US over one million persons are currently infected with the HIV, over half a million have had AIDS, and over 300,000 have died from AIDS. Worldwide, it is estimated that more than 17 million people are currently infected with HIV, and over 1,200,000 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dendritic cells improve the generation of Epstein-Barr virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes for the treatment of posttransplantation lymphoma.

Journal Article Surgery · August 1998 BACKGROUND: The use of immunosuppressive therapies after solid organ transplantation has been shown to increase a patient's risk for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated lymphoma. A potential therapy for this disorder is the adoptive transfer of EBV-specifi ... Link to item Cite

Optimization of the sequence of antigen loading and CD40-ligand-induced maturation of dendritic cells.

Journal Article Cancer Res · July 15, 1998 Featured Publication Dendritic cells (DCs), matured by CD40-ligand (CD40L), undergo marked changes in their ability to process and present antigen, resulting in augmented lymphocyte stimulatory activity. We demonstrate that the form of the tumor antigen (peptide or genetic mat ... Link to item Cite

Immunotherapy of cancer with dendritic-cell-based vaccines.

Journal Article Cancer Immunol Immunother · April 1998 Animal studies have shown that vaccination with genetically modified tumor cells or with dendritic cells (DC) pulsed with tumor antigens are potent strategies to elicit protective immunity in tumor-bearing animals, more potent than "conventional" strategie ... Full text Link to item Cite

Use of paravertebral block anesthesia in the surgical management of breast cancer: experience in 156 cases.

Journal Article Ann Surg · April 1998 OBJECTIVE: To assess safety and efficacy of the regional anesthetic technique paravertebral block for operative treatment of breast cancer, and to compare postoperative pain, nausea, vomiting, and length of hospital stay in patients undergoing breast surge ... Full text Link to item Cite

Induction of primary carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in vitro using human dendritic cells transfected with RNA.

Journal Article Nat Biotechnol · April 1998 Dendritic cells (DC) generated from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy individuals or from cancer patients transfected with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) mRNA stimulate a potent CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response in vitro. DCs are e ... Full text Link to item Cite

Immunotherapy of cancer using dendritic cells.

Journal Article Cytokines Cell Mol Ther · March 1998 While the promise of harnessing the immune system for a therapeutic effect has remained largely unfulfilled for many years, the discovery of the central role of dendritic cells in stimulating antigen-specific immune responses has prompted new enthusiasm fo ... Link to item Cite

Activation/maturation of Peripheral blood derived dendritic cells by CD40 ligand

Journal Article JOURNAL OF LEUKOCYTE BIOLOGY · January 1, 1998 Link to item Cite

Gene therapy and pancreatic cancer.

Journal Article Surg Oncol Clin N Am · January 1998 In the short time since the inception of gene therapy, significant advances have been realized. Although this progress has not realized definitive breakthroughs in the treatment of solid organ tumors, including pancreatic cancer, the hope is that advances ... Link to item Cite

Cancer immunotherapy with tumor RNA transfected dendritic cell vaccines.

Conference JOURNAL OF LEUKOCYTE BIOLOGY · January 1, 1998 Link to item Cite

Active immunization using dendritic cells mixed with tumor cells inhibits the growth of primary breast cancer.

Journal Article Surgery · August 1997 BACKGROUND: Dendritic cells (DCs) are potent antigen-presenting cells regarded as crucial in the priming of an immune response. The goal of our study was to test whether bone marrow-generated DCs are capable of inducing protective immunity against a murine ... Full text Link to item Cite

Generation of dendritic cells in vitro from peripheral blood mononuclear cells with granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor, interleukin-4, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha for use in cancer immunotherapy.

Journal Article Ann Surg · July 1997 Featured Publication OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to characterize the requirements in terms of precursors, developmental pathways, and media for the generation of large numbers of mature dendritic cells (DC) under conditions acceptable for use in adjuvant, active im ... Full text Link to item Cite

Letter to the Editor

Journal Article Annals of Surgery · March 1997 Full text Cite

Textbook of Surgery Pocket Companion

Book · 1997 The Pocket Companion is designed to provide an immediate source of key information on each surgical topic covered in the Textbook of Surgery: The Biological Basis of Modern Surgical Practice. It should be especially helpful in urgent ... ... Cite

Local recurrence of rectal cancer: evaluation with F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose PET imaging.

Journal Article Abdom Imaging · 1997 BACKGROUND: Positron emission tomography (PET) with F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) is a useful technique for detection of malignancy. The purpose of this study was to determine if FDG-PET scanning using visual and quantitative analyses can identify patients ... Full text Link to item Cite

Active immunization with tumor cells transduced by a novel AAV plasmid-based gene delivery system.

Journal Article J Immunother · January 1997 Ex vivo genetically engineered cytokine-secreting tumor cell vaccines have been shown to prevent metastatic disease in animal models of lung and breast cancer. Because of the inefficiency of existing modes of gene delivery in transducing primary human tumo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Inhibition of established pancreatic cancers following specific active immunotherapy with interleukin-2 gene-transduced tumor cells.

Journal Article Cancer Gene Ther · 1997 Pancreatic cancer has a poor prognosis even when complete resection can be accomplished. Recent studies have demonstrated that the immune system is capable of mounting effective tumor-specific immune responses even against "nonimmunogenic" tumors. The stud ... Link to item Cite

Active immunotherapy of pancreatic cancer with tumor cells genetically engineered to secrete multiple cytokines.

Journal Article Surgery · August 1996 BACKGROUND: Vaccination of tumor-bearing animals with tumor cells genetically engineered to secrete cytokines including interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) has been shown to induce effective tumor-specific immune responses capable of inhi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Paravertebral block for breast cancer surgery.

Journal Article Can J Anaesth · August 1996 PURPOSE: Major breast cancer surgery is associated with a high incidence of postoperative nausea, vomiting and pain. Regional anaesthesia, with intraoperative sedation, would seem an ideal alternative to general anaesthesia for this type of surgery. We rep ... Full text Link to item Cite

Active immunotherapy with transiently transfected cytokine-secreting tumor cells inhibits breast cancer metastases in tumor-bearing animals.

Journal Article Surgery · August 1996 BACKGROUND: Metastatic disease remains the most frequent cause of treatment failure in the management of patients with breast cancer. A novel method that allows delivery of a gene into primary tumor cells was used to generate tumor cell vaccines to inhibit ... Full text Link to item Cite

Gene therapy in surgery.

Other Ann Surg · February 1996 Full text Link to item Cite

Gene modification of primary tumor cells for active immunotherapy of human breast and ovarian cancer.

Journal Article Clin Cancer Res · January 1996 We have previously shown that cationic liposomes facilitate adeno-associated virus (AAV) plasmid transfections of primary and cultured cell types. To test the clinical feasibility of using genetically modified tumor vaccines for the treatment of breast and ... Link to item Cite

MAGE-1-specific precursor cytotoxic T-lymphocytes present among tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes from a patient with breast cancer: characterization and antigen-specific activation.

Journal Article Cancer Res · January 1, 1996 A potential target for development of tumor-specific immunotherapeutic strategies is the MAGE-1 gene. We have utilized a recently developed recombinant canarypox (ALVAC) virus vector containing the MAGE-1 gene (vCP235) to activate CTLs from a breast cancer ... Link to item Cite

Gene transfer to the thymus. A means of abrogating the immune response to recombinant adenovirus.

Journal Article Ann Surg · September 1995 OBJECTIVE: The authors investigated whether adenoviral gene transfer to the thymus could be accomplished in vivo and whether immunologic unresponsiveness to recombinant adenovirus could be induced by intrathymic inoculation. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: A majo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ambulatory surgical management of breast carcinoma using paravertebral block.

Journal Article Ann Surg · July 1995 OBJECTIVE: The authors describe an initial experience using paravertebral block for ambulatory or short-stay operations for breast cancer. BACKGROUND: Rising hospital costs have focused attention on limiting the length of stay for patients undergoing surgi ... Full text Link to item Cite

UNTITLED

Other ANNALS OF SURGERY · February 1, 1995 Link to item Cite

Transmissible agents and the surgeon.

Other J Am Coll Surg · January 1995 Link to item Cite

Immunotherapy of cancer using cytokine gene-modified tumor vaccines.

Journal Article Semin Cancer Biol · December 1994 Distant metastasis is the major cause for therapeutic failures in clinical oncology. Active immunotherapy of patients with low tumor burden would not only contribute to further reduction of the remaining tumor burden to subclinical levels, but it would als ... Link to item Cite

T cells or active Epstein-Barr virus infection in the development of lymphoproliferative disease in human B cell-injected severe combined immunodeficient mice.

Journal Article Ann Surg Oncol · September 1994 BACKGROUND: Severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice develop Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) containing human lymphoproliferative disease (LPD) tumors when reconstituted with human peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) from EBV-seropositive donors, but LPD tumors ... Full text Link to item Cite

Directed enzyme pro-drug gene therapy for pancreatic cancer in vivo.

Journal Article Surgery · August 1994 BACKGROUND: Directed enzyme pro-drug therapy incorporates the delivery of a gene to a cancer cell that will be specifically expressed and will confer sensitivity to a therapeutic agent. Tumor-specific gene expression can be achieved by coupling the promote ... Link to item Cite

In vitro and in vivo kinetics of recombinant vaccinia virus cancer-gene therapy.

Journal Article Surgery · August 1994 BACKGROUND: Gene therapy of cancer is a promising therapeutic modality. Recombinant vaccinia viruses (RecVV), engineered to produce cytokines, may be effective in this area. This study's purpose was to investigate the kinetics of RecVV infection, measuring ... Link to item Cite

DIRECT GENE-TRANSFER AND MOLECULAR INTERVENTIONS FOR AIDS AND CANCER

Conference AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES · August 1, 1994 Link to item Cite

HER2/neu-derived peptides are shared antigens among human non-small cell lung cancer and ovarian cancer.

Journal Article Cancer Res · July 1, 1994 Previously, we have reported a correlation between the expression of HER2/neu and sensitivity to HLA-A2-restricted cytotoxic T-cells (CTL) in ovarian cancer. To investigate the role of HER2/neu in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we established au ... Link to item Cite

Laparoscopic ileostomy and colostomy.

Journal Article Ann Surg · March 1994 OBJECTIVE: The technical features of laparoscopic ileostomy and colostomy are described. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: A diverting ileostomy or colostomy can be performed with minimal trauma by laparoscopic techniques. This is distinct from the complex laparosc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sabiston Essentials of Surgery

Book · 1994 This 2nd Edition presents the key features necessary for basic surgical practice. ... Cite

RETROVIRAL VECTOR-MEDIATED GAMMA-IFN GENE-TRANSFER TO TUMOR-CELLS FOR CANCER-THERAPY

Journal Article JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY · January 1, 1994 Link to item Cite

Cytomegalovirus sialadenitis in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: a potential diagnostic pitfall with fine-needle aspiration cytology.

Journal Article Diagn Cytopathol · 1994 We report three cases of cytomegalovirus (CMV) sialadenitis which presented as parotid gland nodules in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. While CMV is known to widely infect patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) ... Full text Link to item Cite

Gene delivery systems in surgery.

Journal Article Arch Surg · November 1993 Increased understanding of the genetic basis of human disease has led to a number of potential gene-based therapies for various medical and surgical disorders. The development of efficient methods for delivering genes to mammalian cells in vitro has increa ... Full text Link to item Cite

Phenotypic and functional consequences of herpesvirus saimiri infection of human CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes.

Journal Article J Virol · October 1993 Herpesvirus saimiri (HVS) was used to infect and transform human CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), and the phenotypic and functional consequences of HVS infection of CD8+ T lymphocytes were investigated. HVS-transformed CTL no longer require antigen rest ... Full text Link to item Cite

Adoptive transfer of cytotoxic T lymphocytes for the treatment of transplant-associated lymphoma.

Journal Article Surgery · August 1993 BACKGROUND: Immunocompromised organ transplant recipients have a high incidence of B cell lymphomas (BCL). Severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice develop human BCL when engrafted with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) transformed and immortalized B lymphoblast ... Link to item Cite

TRANSDOMINANT REV PROTEIN INHIBITS HIV REPLICATION WITHOUT AFFECTING T-CELL FUNCTION

Conference JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES AND HUMAN RETROVIROLOGY · June 1, 1993 Link to item Cite

DIRECT GENE-TRANSFER AND MOLECULAR INTERVENTIONS FOR AIDS AND CANCER

Conference JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY · March 29, 1993 Link to item Cite

Retroviral gene transduction of circulating progenitor cells in patients with metastatic breast cancer.

Journal Article Surg Oncol · 1993 The use of somatic gene therapy for the treatment of breast cancer has many potential applications. Because chemotherapeutic protocols for breast cancer are commonly limited by bone marrow toxicity, transduction of genes into pleuripotent stem cells may al ... Full text Link to item Cite

Stable expression of transdominant Rev protein in human T cells inhibits human immunodeficiency virus replication.

Journal Article J Exp Med · October 1, 1992 The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Rev protein is essential for viral structural protein expression (Gag, Pol, and Env) and, hence, for viral replication. In transient transfection assays, mutant forms of Rev have been identified that inhibit wild-type ... Full text Link to item Cite

Derivation of a biologically contained replication system for human immunodeficiency virus type 1.

Journal Article Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · August 15, 1992 Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) proviral mutants that lack viral regulatory genes are unable to replicate unless rescued by complementation in trans. Structurally intact virus can be produced by infecting recombinant cell lines expressing the d ... Full text Link to item Cite

Human B-cell lymphoma in severe combined immunodeficient mice after active infection with Epstein-Barr virus.

Journal Article Surgery · August 1992 BACKGROUND: B-cell lymphomas (BCL) occur with increased frequency in immunosuppressed patients. BCL develop in severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice after engraftment with human peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL; hu-PBL-SCID mice) and infection with E ... Link to item Cite

Identification of envelope V3 loop as the major determinant of CD4 neutralization sensitivity of HIV-1.

Journal Article Science · July 24, 1992 Laboratory isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) such as HTLV-IIIB are generally T cell line-tropic and highly sensitive to neutralization by soluble CD4 (sCD4), a potential antiviral agent that is undergoing clinical trial. However, many ... Full text Link to item Cite

PH-INDEPENDENT HIV-1 ENTRY INTO MACROPHAGE

Conference AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES · May 1, 1992 Link to item Cite

THE ENVELOPE V3 LOOP IS THE PRIMARY DETERMINANT OF CELL TROPISM IN HIV-1

Conference AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES · May 1, 1992 Link to item Cite

Effects of cyclosporine on human B-cell lymphoma development in vivo.

Journal Article Surg Oncol · February 1992 Cyclosporine (CsA) is a potent immunosuppressive agent primarily affecting T-lymphocyte function. Patients receive CsA following organ transplantation to prevent rejection. These patients are at high risk for developing Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-induced lym ... Full text Link to item Cite

Identification of the envelope V3 loop as the primary determinant of cell tropism in HIV-1.

Journal Article Science · July 5, 1991 Cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage are targets for human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection in vivo. However, many laboratory strains of HIV-1 that efficiently infect transformed T cell lines replicate poorly in macrophages. A 20-amino acid s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Commercially available surgical gowns do not prevent penetration by HIV-1

Journal Article Surgical Forum · December 1, 1990 Cite

Alterations in antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity during the course of HIV-1 infection. Humoral and cellular defects.

Journal Article J Immunol · May 1, 1990 HIV-1-specific cell-mediated cytotoxicity (CMC) is a form of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in which HIV-1-specific antibodies arm NK cells directly to become cytotoxic for targets bearing HIV-1 antigenic determinants. This non-MHC-restric ... Link to item Cite

Measurement of direct and indirect forms of anti-HIV-1 ADCC: implications for other retroviral disease.

Journal Article Dev Biol Stand · 1990 Among the varied cytotoxic immune reactivities elicited as a result of HIV-1 infection are two forms of non-MHC restricted cytotoxicity--namely, indirect and direct ADCC. Since these reactivities are directed at both HIV-1 infected as well as gp120 coated ... Link to item Cite

Survey: Invited commentary (I)

Other Archives of Surgery · January 1, 1990 Cite

HIV-1 GP120-mediated immune suppression and lymphocyte destruction in the absence of viral infection.

Journal Article J Immunol · May 1, 1989 The magnitude of immunologic defects observed in HIV-1-infected individuals before the development of overt AIDS is disproportionately high in comparison to the levels of infectious virus in these patients--suggesting that factors other than direct virus-i ... Link to item Cite

Utility of Doppler color flow imaging for identification of femoral arterial complications of cardiac catheterization.

Journal Article Am Heart J · March 1989 Doppler color flow and two-dimensional ultrasonographic images of the femoral region were obtained in 25 patients referred for suspected vascular complications of cardiac catheterization. Five patients had normal findings, while 23 abnormalities were noted ... Full text Link to item Cite

GP120 specific cellular cytotoxicity in HIV-1 seropositive individuals. Evidence for circulating CD16+ effector cells armed in vivo with cytophilic antibody.

Journal Article J Immunol · February 15, 1989 Fresh circulating PBMC from HIV-1 seropositive individuals have been found to mediate specific, non-MHC restricted lysis of targets expressing the major envelope glycoprotein of HIV-1, gp120, in 6-h 51Cr release assays. This gp120 specific cell-mediated cy ... Link to item Cite

Cellular immune response to viral peptides in patients exposed to HIV.

Journal Article AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses · August 1988 In efforts to identify B cell and T cell epitopes of HIV-1 structural components, serum as well as lymphocytes from HIV-1-seropositive individuals were reacted with several recombinant and native peptides representing defined viral gag and env determinants ... Full text Link to item Cite

Characteristics of a neutralizing monoclonal antibody to the HIV envelope glycoprotein.

Journal Article AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses · June 1988 We have studied the biologic and physical properties of a monoclonal antibody that binds to gp120, the exterior envelope glycoprotein of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) strain HTLV-IIIB. Designated 9284, the antibody possesses viral neutralizing act ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cellular anti-GP120 cytolytic reactivities in HIV-1 seropositive individuals.

Journal Article Lancet · April 23, 1988 Forty-one patients seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) were assessed for cell-mediated cytotoxicity (CMC) against autologous target cells bearing the major envelope glycoprotein of HIV-1, gp120. Effector lymphocytes from over 85% o ... Full text Link to item Cite

Humoral immune response to the entire human immunodeficiency virus envelope glycoprotein made in insect cells.

Journal Article Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · October 1987 The human immunodeficiency virus envelope gene was expressed in insect cells by using a Baculovirus expression vector. The protein has an apparent molecular mass of 160 kDa, appears on the surface of infected insect cells, and does not appear to be cleaved ... Full text Link to item Cite

Interaction between the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type IIIB envelope glycoprotein gp120 and the surface antigen CD4: role of carbohydrate in binding and cell fusion.

Journal Article Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · August 1987 Interactions between retroviruses associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and their receptors on lymphocytes represent the initial steps in the process of infection and are also involved in multinucleated giant cell formation, which is one form ... Full text Link to item Cite

Human T-cell lymphotropic virus IIIB glycoprotein (gp120) bound to CD4 determinants on normal lymphocytes and expressed by infected cells serves as target for immune attack.

Journal Article Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · July 1987 The lymphocyte differentiation antigen CD4 serves as a receptor for human retroviruses associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) through its interaction with the major envelope virion glycoprotein, gp120, which is also expressed on the surf ... Full text Link to item Cite

Transmission of HIV by antigen presenting cells during T-cell activation: prevention by 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine.

Journal Article AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses · 1987 Tetanus toxoid (TT) reactive CD4+ cells were infected with HTLV-IIIB and exposed to TT at various times throughout a 7-day interval. Acute infection per se failed to produce overt cytopathology. However, exposure of infected cells to TT resulted in a rapid ... Full text Link to item Cite

Anti-GP 120 antibodies from HIV seropositive individuals mediate broadly reactive anti-HIV ADCC.

Journal Article AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses · 1987 Cytophilic antibodies which mediate antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against envelope antigens of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can be found in seropositive individuals. In these experiments, sera from a wide spectrum of HIV infected pa ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prospects for development of a vaccine against HIV-related disorders

Other Clinical Immunology Newsletter · January 1, 1987 Full text Cite

Augmentation of anti-HIV ADCC with interleukin-2

Journal Article Surgical Forum · January 1, 1987 Cite

TYPE SPECIFIC BINDING OF SURFACE EXPRESSED GP120 BY ANTI-GP120 SERUM

Conference JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY · January 1, 1987 Link to item Cite

Administration of 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine, an inhibitor of HTLV-III/LAV replication, to patients with AIDS or AIDS-related complex.

Journal Article Lancet · March 15, 1986 In a 6-week clinical trial 4 dose regimens of 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT), a thymidine analogue with potent anti-viral activity against HTLV-III in vitro, were examined in 19 patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or AIDS-related ... Full text Link to item Cite

Radiographic findings in pulmonary hypertension from unresolved embolism.

Journal Article AJR Am J Roentgenol · April 1985 Pulmonary artery hypertension with chronic pulmonary embolism is an uncommon entity that is potentially treatable with pulmonary embolectomy. Although the classic radiographic features have been described, several recent investigators report a significant ... Full text Link to item Cite

Surgical management of chronic pulmonary embolism.

Journal Article Ann Surg · January 1985 Recurrent pulmonary emboli ultimately may produce respiratory insufficiency, severe hypoxemia, and progressive pulmonary hypertension. In many patients this syndrome is silent in its initial phases, and when thrombophlebitis is present it is often unrespon ... Link to item Cite

Voluntary control of the human vestibulo-ocular reflex.

Journal Article Acta Otolaryngol · 1984 The ability of normal subjects to increase their vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) gain with an imagined stationary frame of reference was dependent on their strategy and the test conditions. With large amplitude sinusoidal rotation (greater than 50 degrees) s ... Full text Link to item Cite