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David Stephen Pisetsky

David Stephen Pisetsky

Professor of Medicine
Medicine, Rheumatology and Immunology
David.Pisetsky@duke.edu
VA Med Ctr, 508 Fulton St, Durham, NC 27705
VA Med Ctr, 508 Fulton St, Durham, NC 27705

Selected Publications

Reply.

Journal Article Arthritis Rheumatol · May 2026 Full text Link to item Cite

Z-GENIE: a user-friendly R/Shiny resource for predicting Z-DNA forming regions in DNA.

Journal Article BMC Genomics · October 27, 2025 BACKGROUND: Z-DNA is a left-handed DNA conformation with a zigzag backbone whose formation depends on base composition, modifications, and environmental factors. Although energetically unfavorable, Z-DNA has been implicated in both normal physiology and di ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pain in systemic lupus erythematosus: emerging insights and paradigms.

Journal Article Nat Rev Rheumatol · October 2025 Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by protean clinical manifestations that are associated with immune system dysregulation. Of these manifestations, pain and pain-related symptoms such as fatigue, mood disturba ... Full text Link to item Cite

DNA coronas resist nuclease degradation.

Journal Article Biophys J · July 15, 2025 The interaction of cell-free DNA with biological particles has been linked to autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, but mechanistic details are lacking. Our recent work has shown that DNA adsorbed on the surface of synthetic particles, ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Meaning of Goodbye.

Journal Article N Engl J Med · May 29, 2025 Full text Link to item Cite

Characterization of autoantibody profiles in clusters of systemic lupus erythematosus using a novel autoantigen discovery technology.

Journal Article J Immunol · May 1, 2025 Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex systemic autoimmune disease characterized by a wide range of clinical and immunologic manifestations, most prominently, the production of autoantibodies to nuclear components (ANAs). A previous study delineat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patterns of autoantibody expression in multiple sclerosis identified through development of an autoantigen discovery technology.

Journal Article J Clin Invest · March 3, 2025 Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating autoimmune disease of the CNS, which is characterized by demyelination and axonal injury and frequently preceded by a demyelinating event called clinically isolated syndrome (CIS). Despite the importance of B cells ... Full text Link to item Cite

Highlights from the 2024 Rheumatoid Arthritis Research Summit.

Journal Article Semin Arthritis Rheum · February 2025 Full text Link to item Cite

The Limitation of HLA Diversity as a Risk Factor for Pediatric-Onset Autoimmune Rheumatic Disease.

Journal Article J Clin Med · January 30, 2025 Background: HLA homozygosity of specific alleles at a single locus is associated with increased risk for autoimmunity and/or more severe clinical phenotypes. However, the contribution of the overall limitation of HLA diversity across multiple loci to autoi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Perspectives of Rheumatologists on the Type 1 and 2 Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Model.

Journal Article ACR Open Rheumatol · December 2024 OBJECTIVE: The Type 1 and 2 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) Model was developed to encapsulate all signs and symptoms that patients with SLE experience. Our previous qualitative work demonstrated the model accurately reflects the lived experience of peo ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

In symptomatic knee OA, adding oral methotrexate to usual analgesia reduced pain at 6 mo.

Journal Article Ann Intern Med · November 2024 Kingsbury SR, Tharmanathan P, Keding A, et al. Pain reduction with oral methotrexate in knee osteoarthritis: a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Ann Intern Med. 2024;177:1145-1156. 39074374. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Unique Interplay Between Antinuclear Antibodies and Nuclear Molecules in the Pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Journal Article Arthritis Rheumatol · September 2024 Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypic autoimmune disease that primarily affects young women and causes a wide range of inflammatory manifestations. The hallmark of SLE is the production of antibodies to components of the cell nucleus (antinucl ... Full text Link to item Cite

In patients at high risk for RA, abatacept reduced inflammation and RA development at 6 mo.

Journal Article Ann Intern Med · July 2024 Rech J, Tascilar K, Hagen M, et al. Abatacept inhibits inflammation and onset of rheumatoid arthritis in individuals at high risk (ARIAA): a randomised, international, multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2024;403:850-859. 38364841. ... Full text Link to item Cite

The role of DNA in the pathogenesis of SLE: DNA as a molecular chameleon.

Journal Article Ann Rheum Dis · June 12, 2024 Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypic autoimmune disease characterised by antibodies to DNA (anti-DNA) and other nuclear macromolecules. Anti-DNA antibodies are markers for classification and disease activity and promote pathogenesis by formin ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patient and Physician Perspectives of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Flare: A Qualitative Study.

Journal Article J Rheumatol · May 1, 2024 OBJECTIVE: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) flares are associated with increased damage and decreased health-related quality of life. We hypothesized that there is discordance between physicians' and patients' views of SLE flare. In this study, we aimed ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evaluation of Type 2 SLE symptoms in patients with a range of lupus nephritis activity.

Journal Article Clin Rheumatol · April 2024 BACKGROUND: Type 2 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) symptoms, including fatigue, fibromyalgia, and brain fog, contribute to poor health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with lupus. To test the hypothesis that Type 1 (classical inflammatory lup ... Full text Link to item Cite

DNA corona on nanoparticles leads to an enhanced immunostimulatory effect with implications for autoimmune diseases.

Journal Article Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · March 12, 2024 Autoimmune and inflammatory diseases are highly complex, limiting treatment and the development of new therapies. Recent work has shown that cell-free DNA bound to biological microparticles is linked to systemic lupus erythematosus, a prototypic autoimmune ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Type 1 & 2 systemic lupus erythematosus model: Perspectives of people living with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Journal Article Lupus · March 2024 OBJECTIVE: In the new Type 1 & 2 model for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Type 1 SLE represents classic inflammatory manifestations, such as arthritis, while Type 2 SLE encompasses symptoms such as pain and fatigue where the relationship to inflammati ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Binding Properties of Antibodies to Z-DNA in the Sera of Normal Healthy Subjects.

Journal Article Int J Mol Sci · February 22, 2024 Antibodies to DNA are a diverse set of antibodies that bind sites on DNA, a polymeric macromolecule that displays various conformations. In a previous study, we showed that sera of normal healthy subjects (NHS) contain IgG antibodies to Z-DNA, a left-hande ... Full text Link to item Cite

2023 International Consensus Guidance for the use of Tripterygium Wilfordii Hook F in the treatment of active rheumatoid arthritis.

Journal Article J Autoimmun · January 2024 BACKGROUND: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder that affects the joints and produces pain, swelling, and stiffness. It has a lifetime prevalence of up to 1% worldwide. An extract of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (TwHF), a member of t ... Full text Link to item Cite

A Medical Education

Chapter · January 1, 2024 Like many physicians of my age (I was born in 1945), I trained in a medical education system so vastly different from that of today that any relevance to current trainees is coincidental at best. I obtained my MD and PhD degrees at the Albert Einstein Coll ... Full text Cite

Using PROMIS-29 to determine symptom burdens in the context of the Type 1 and 2 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) model: a cross sectional study.

Journal Article J Patient Rep Outcomes · December 21, 2023 OBJECTIVE: To account for heterogeneity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and bridge discrepancies between patient- and physician-perceived SLE activity, we developed the Type 1 and 2 SLE model. We examined PROMIS-29 scores, a composite patient-reporte ... Full text Link to item Cite

Development and psychometric evaluation of a physician global assessment for type 2 systemic lupus erythematosus symptoms.

Journal Article Lupus Sci Med · December 17, 2023 OBJECTIVE: Manifestations of SLE can be categorised as type 1 (classic signs and symptoms of SLE) or type 2 (fatigue, widespread pain and brain fog with an unclear relationship to inflammation). While measures of type 1 SLE activity exist, most current phy ... Full text Link to item Cite

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases collection on autoantibodies in the rheumatic diseases: new insights into pathogenesis and the development of novel biomarkers.

Journal Article Ann Rheum Dis · October 2023 The rheumatic diseases are a diverse group of conditions that can display autoantibody production, functional immune disturbances and systemic disease manifestations. These autoantibodies can serve as markers for classification, diagnosis, prognosis and di ... Full text Link to item Cite

The expression of antibodies to Z-DNA in the blood of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: Relationship to autoantibodies to B-DNA.

Journal Article Clin Immunol · October 2023 To explore the antibody response to Z-DNA, a DNA conformation with a zig-zag structure, blood of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and otherwise healthy individuals (NHS) were assayed by ELISA using brominated poly(dGdC), a synthetic Z-DNA a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pathogenesis of autoimmune disease.

Journal Article Nat Rev Nephrol · August 2023 Autoimmune diseases are a diverse group of conditions characterized by aberrant B cell and T cell reactivity to normal constituents of the host. These diseases occur widely and affect individuals of all ages, especially women. Among these diseases, the mos ... Full text Link to item Cite

In relapsing AAV with rituximab-induced remission, maintenance rituximab vs. azathioprine reduced relapse at ≥32 mo.

Journal Article Ann Intern Med · August 2023 Smith RM, Jones RB, Specks U, et al; RITAZAREM co-investigators. Rituximab versus azathioprine for maintenance of remission for patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis and relapsing disease: an international randomised controlled trial. Ann Rheum Dis. 202 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Moonlighting chromatin: when DNA escapes nuclear control.

Journal Article Cell Death Differ · April 2023 Extracellular chromatin, for example in the form of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), is an important element that propels the pathological progression of a plethora of diseases. DNA drives the interferon system, serves as autoantigen, and forms the e ... Full text Link to item Cite

Artificial intelligence and high-dimensional technologies in the theragnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Journal Article Lancet Rheumatol · March 2023 Systemic lupus erythematosus is a complex, systemic autoimmune disease characterised by immune dysregulation. Pathogenesis is multifactorial, contributing to clinical heterogeneity and posing challenges for diagnosis and treatment. Although strides in trea ... Full text Link to item Cite

Efficacy and Safety of the Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Evobrutinib in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Results of a Phase II, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Dose-Ranging Trial.

Journal Article ACR Open Rheumatol · January 2023 OBJECTIVE: Evobrutinib is a highly selective, orally administered Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor. The objective of this phase II, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of evobrutin ... Full text Link to item Cite

In glucocorticoid-dependent polymyalgia rheumatica, tocilizumab improved a composite clinical outcome at 24 wk.

Journal Article Ann Intern Med · January 2023 Devauchelle-Pensec V, Carvajal-Alegria G, Dernis E, et al. Effect of tocilizumab on disease activity in patients with active polymyalgia rheumatica receiving glucocorticoid therapy: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2022;328:1053-62. 36125471. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Molecular endotypes of type 1 and type 2 SLE.

Journal Article Lupus Sci Med · January 2023 OBJECTIVE: To character the molecular landscape of patients with type 1 and type 2 SLE by analysing gene expression profiles from peripheral blood. METHODS: Full transcriptomic RNA sequencing was carried out on whole blood samples from 18 subjects with SLE ... Full text Link to item Cite

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Chapter · January 1, 2023 • Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is the prototypical autoimmune disease, associated with autoantibody production and evidence for immune complex deposition among the many aspects of its pathophysiology. • SLE occurs most commonly in women during their ... Full text Cite

Laboratory Testing in the Rheumatic Diseases

Chapter · January 1, 2023 The laboratory evaluation for the rheumatic diseases involves both nonspecific and specific biomarkers to determine the extent of tissue injury, the presence of inflammation and autoimmunity, and serologic evidence for the diagnosis. Nonspecific markers of ... Full text Cite

Mixed-surface polyamidoamine polymer variants retain nucleic acid-scavenger ability with reduced toxicity.

Journal Article iScience · December 22, 2022 Nucleic acid-binding polymers can have anti-inflammatory properties and beneficial effects in animal models of infection, trauma, cancer, and autoimmunity. PAMAM G3, a polyamidoamine dendrimer, is fully cationic bearing 32 protonable surface amines. Howeve ... Full text Link to item Cite

Intermittent and Persistent Type 2 lupus: patient perspectives on two distinct patterns of Type 2 SLE symptoms.

Journal Article Lupus Sci Med · August 2022 OBJECTIVE: We have developed a new conceptual model to characterise the signs and symptoms of SLE: the Type 1 and 2 SLE Model. Within the original model, Type 1 SLE consists of inflammatory manifestations like arthritis, nephritis and rashes; Type 2 SLE in ... Full text Link to item Cite

The impact of antinuclear antibody testing on the naming and misnaming of disease

Chapter · June 13, 2022 The naming of an illness is an essential element in the care of patients and often depends on laboratory testing. Among tests to evaluate for possible autoimmunity, the antinuclear antibody (ANA) provides information that can be difficult to interpret and, ... Full text Cite

Detection of Anti-DNA antibodies

Chapter · June 1, 2022 Antibodies to DNA (anti-DNA) are prototypic autoantibodies found prominently in the sera of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). While DNAs from various species likely differ in antigenic structure, anti-DNA antibodies in SLE sera appear to bi ... Full text Cite

The Interaction of Anti-DNA Antibodies with DNA: Evidence for Unconventional Binding Mechanisms.

Journal Article Int J Mol Sci · May 7, 2022 Antibodies to DNA (anti-DNA) are the serological hallmark of systemic lupus erythematosus, a prototypic autoimmune disease. These antibodies bind to conserved sites on single-stranded and double-stranded DNA and display variable region somatic mutations co ... Full text Link to item Cite

Anti-RNP antibodies are associated with the interferon gene signature but not decreased complement levels in SLE.

Journal Article Ann Rheum Dis · May 2022 OBJECTIVES: The goals of these studies were to elucidate the inter-relationships of specific anti-nuclear antibody (ANA), complement, and the interferon gene signature (IGS) in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS: Data from the ... Full text Link to item Cite

The use of patient-reported outcome measures to classify type 1 and 2 systemic lupus erythematosus activity.

Journal Article Lupus · May 2022 OBJECTIVE: We developed a model that categorizes systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) activity into two dimensions: Type 1 SLE consists of inflammatory activity, including arthritis, nephritis, and rashes; Type 2 SLE includes fatigue, myalgia, mood disturban ... Full text Link to item Cite

Metabolomics analysis identifies a lipidomic profile in treatment-naïve juvenile dermatomyositis patients vs healthy control subjects.

Journal Article Rheumatology (Oxford) · April 11, 2022 OBJECTIVES: To perform an exploratory study to identify a JDM serum metabolic profile that differs from healthy controls (HCs) and responds to immunosuppressive treatment. METHODS: Blood was collected from 9 HCs and 10 patients diagnosed with probable (n = ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Binding Mechanisms of Antibodies to DNA from Healthy Subjects and Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: The Role of Monogamous Bivalency and Fc Dependence.

Journal Article Immunohorizons · October 8, 2021 Abs to DNA (anti-DNA) are a unique population of Abs that bind structural determinants on the DNA molecule. In systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), anti-DNA Abs bind to conserved antigenic determinants, with the phosphodiester backbone being the most likely ... Full text Link to item Cite

The interaction of anti-DNA antibodies with DNA antigen: Evidence for hysteresis for high avidity binding.

Journal Article Clin Immunol · October 2021 Antibodies to DNA (anti-DNA) are the serological hallmark of systemic lupus erythematosus. Previous studies have indicated that the phosphodiester backbone is the main antigenic target, with electrostatic interactions important for high avidity. To define ... Full text Link to item Cite

Some disease-modifying osteoarthritis drugs make small improvements in knee and hip osteoarthritis.

Journal Article Ann Intern Med · September 2021 Yang W, Sun C, He SQ, et al. The efficacy and safety of disease-modifying osteoarthritis drugs for knee and hip osteoarthritis-a systematic review and network meta-analysis. J Gen Intern Med. 2021;36:2085-93. 33846938. ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Binding of Monoclonal and Polyclonal Anti-Z-DNA Antibodies to DNA of Various Species Origin.

Journal Article Int J Mol Sci · August 19, 2021 DNA is a polymeric macromolecule that can display a variety of backbone conformations. While the classical B-DNA is a right-handed double helix, Z-DNA is a left-handed helix with a zig-zag orientation. The Z conformation depends upon the base sequence, bas ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Categorization of Pain in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Journal Article Rheum Dis Clin North Am · May 2021 Systemic lupus erythematous is a systemic autoimmune disease that can cause severe pain and impair quality of life. Pain in lupus can arise from a variety of mechanisms and is usually assessed in terms of activity and damage. In contrast, categorization of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Using Clinical Characteristics and Patient-Reported Outcome Measures to Categorize Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Subtypes.

Journal Article Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) · March 2021 OBJECTIVE: The type 1 and type 2 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) categorization system was recently proposed to validate the patients' perspective of disease and to capture a more comprehensive spectrum of symptoms. The objective of this study was to ch ... Full text Link to item Cite

Response to: "How to communicate in science" by Klareskog et al.

Journal Article Ann Rheum Dis · December 2020 Featured Publication Full text Link to item Cite

New insights into the role of antinuclear antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Journal Article Nat Rev Rheumatol · October 2020 Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypic autoimmune disease characterized by antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) that form immune complexes that mediate pathogenesis by tissue deposition or cytokine induction. Some ANAs bind DNA or associated nucleosom ... Full text Link to item Cite

DNA-nanoparticle interactions: Formation of a DNA corona and its effects on a protein corona.

Journal Article Biointerphases · October 1, 2020 There has been much recent interest in the protein "corona," the nonspecific adsorption of proteins on the surface of nanoparticles used in biological applications. This research investigates an analogous DNA corona. We find that particles (200 nm and 1 μm ... Full text Link to item Cite

Clinical advances - from bench to bedside.

Journal Article Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol · October 2020 Full text Link to item Cite

Hopefulness of 'Hope'.

Journal Article Ann Rheum Dis · July 2020 Full text Link to item Cite

Evolving story of autoantibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Journal Article J Autoimmun · June 2020 Featured Publication Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypic autoimmune disease characterized by antinuclear antibody (ANA) production. ANAs bind to DNA, RNA and complexes of proteins and nucleic acids and are important markers for diagnosis and activity. According ... Full text Link to item Cite

The basic and translational science year in review: Confucius in the era of Big Data.

Journal Article Semin Arthritis Rheum · June 2020 Personalized medicine is an important goal for the treatment of rheumatic disease that seeks to improve outcomes by matching therapy more precisely with the underlying pathogenetic disturbances in the individual patient. Realization of this goal requires a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Analysis of the Mechanisms of Anti-DNA Antibody Binding to DNA

Thesis Dissertation · May 8, 2020 Antibodies to DNA (anti-DNA) are a canonical marker for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a prototypic autoimmune disease that is most common in young women and has highly variable immunological and clinical manifestations. Anti-DNA antibodies play a key ... Open Access Cite

The binding of SLE autoantibodies to mitochondria.

Journal Article Clin Immunol · March 2020 Featured Publication Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypic autoimmune disease characterized by immune complexes. Because these complexes contain mitochondrial components, we assessed the presence of antibodies to whole mitochondria (wMITO) using an ELISA in which ... Full text Link to item Cite

Of mice, men and microbes: the impact of the microbiome on immune responses.

Journal Article Ann Rheum Dis · February 2020 Featured Publication Full text Link to item Cite

ANA as an entry criterion for the classification of SLE.

Journal Article Autoimmun Rev · December 2019 Featured Publication Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypic autoimmune disease with highly variable clinical and immunological manifestations. In the classification of patients with this condition, the presence of an antinuclear antibody (ANA) is an important eleme ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mechanisms of immune-related adverse events during the treatment of cancer with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Journal Article Rheumatology (Oxford) · December 1, 2019 Immune checkpoint inhibitors are novel biologic agents to treat cancer by inhibiting the regulatory interactions that limit T cell cytotoxicity to tumours. Current agents target either CTLA-4 or the PD-1/PD-L1 axis. Because checkpoints may also regulate au ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Variability in Antinuclear Antibody Testing to Assess Patient Eligibility for Clinical Trials of Novel Treatments for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Journal Article Arthritis Rheumatol · September 2019 OBJECTIVE: In the development of novel therapies for systemic lupus erythematosus, antinuclear antibody (ANA) positivity represents a criterion for trial eligibility. Since as many as 30% of patients enrolled in trials have been ANA negative, we evaluated ... Full text Link to item Cite

Microparticles in the blood of patients with SLE: Size, content of mitochondria and role in circulating immune complexes.

Journal Article J Autoimmun · August 2019 Featured Publication OBJECTIVE: Microparticles (MPs) are small extracellular vesicles released from apoptotic or activated cells through a blebbing process. MPs express surface molecules from their parental cells and they bind IgG to form circulating immune complexes (MP-ICs) ... Full text Link to item Cite

The central role of nucleic acids in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Journal Article F1000Res · 2019 Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypic autoimmune disease whose pathogenesis can be conceptualized by a model based on a central role for immune complexes (ICs) between antinuclear antibodies and nucleic acids. According to this model, ICs can ... Full text Link to item Cite

Microparticles as autoantigens in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Journal Article Eur J Clin Invest · December 2018 Featured Publication Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypic autoimmune disease characterized by the production of antibodies to components of the cell nucleus (antinuclear antibodies or ANAs) and the formation of immune complexes with nuclear antigens. These comple ... Full text Link to item Cite

The SLE-key test serological signature: new insights into the course of lupus.

Journal Article Rheumatology (Oxford) · September 1, 2018 Featured Publication OBJECTIVE: We previously described the multiplex autoantibody SLE-key Rule-Out test, which detects a signature of autoantibody reactivity that distinguishes healthy subjects from SLE patients with 94% sensitivity, 75% specificity and 93% negative predictiv ... Full text Link to item Cite

Induction of sustained remission in early inflammatory arthritis with the combination of infliximab plus methotrexate: the DINORA trial.

Journal Article Arthritis Res Ther · August 9, 2018 BACKGROUND: In the present study, we explored the effects of immediate induction therapy with the anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF)α antibody infliximab (IFX) plus methotrexate (MTX) compared with MTX alone and with placebo (PL) in patients with very early ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assay variation in the detection of antinuclear antibodies in the sera of patients with established SLE.

Journal Article Ann Rheum Dis · June 2018 Featured Publication OBJECTIVE: The expression of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) is considered almost constant in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), although recent experience has suggested that many subjects with SLE considered for clinical trials are ANA negative at screening ... Full text Link to item Cite

How the gut inflames the joints.

Journal Article Ann Rheum Dis · May 2018 Featured Publication Full text Link to item Cite

Polymer-Mediated Inhibition of Pro-invasive Nucleic Acid DAMPs and Microvesicles Limits Pancreatic Cancer Metastasis.

Journal Article Mol Ther · April 4, 2018 Featured Publication Nucleic acid binding polymers (NABPs) have been extensively used as vehicles for DNA and RNA delivery. More recently, we discovered that a subset of these NABPs can also serve as anti-inflammatory agents by capturing pro-inflammatory extracellular nucleic ... Full text Link to item Cite

The release of microparticles and mitochondria from RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells undergoing necroptotic cell death in vitro.

Journal Article Exp Cell Res · February 15, 2018 Featured Publication Microparticles (MPs) are small membrane-bound vesicles released from activated or dying cells. As shown previously, LPS stimulation of the RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line can induce MP release, with the caspase inhibitor Z-VAD increasing the extent of this ... Full text Link to item Cite

TLR3 Ligand Poly(I:C) Exerts Distinct Actions in Synovial Fibroblasts When Delivered by Extracellular Vesicles.

Journal Article Front Immunol · 2018 Featured Publication Extracellular vesicles (EV) can modulate the responses of cells to toll-like receptor (TLR) ligation; conversely, TLR ligands such as double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) can enhance the release of EV and influence of the composition and functions of EV cargos. Inf ... Full text Link to item Cite

Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles 2018 (MISEV2018): a position statement of the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles and update of the MISEV2014 guidelines.

Journal Article J Extracell Vesicles · 2018 The last decade has seen a sharp increase in the number of scientific publications describing physiological and pathological functions of extracellular vesicles (EVs), a collective term covering various subtypes of cell-released, membranous structures, cal ... Full text Link to item Cite

Lupus biomarkers

Chapter · January 1, 2018 Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypic autoimmune disease characterized by diverse clinical manifestations in association with widespread immune cell dysfunction. Because of the complexity of SLE, biomarkers have been important in delineating d ... Full text Cite

The biological functions of DNA: from the sublime to the slime.

Journal Article Arthritis Res Ther · December 15, 2017 Featured Publication Full text Link to item Cite

Eating Disorders, Autoimmune, and Autoinflammatory Disease.

Journal Article Pediatrics · December 2017 Featured Publication OBJECTIVES: Identifying factors associated with risk for eating disorders is important for clarifying etiology and for enhancing early detection of eating disorders in primary care. We hypothesized that autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases would be ass ... Full text Link to item Cite

Antinuclear antibody testing - misunderstood or misbegotten?

Journal Article Nat Rev Rheumatol · August 2017 Featured Publication Antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) are a diverse group of autoantibodies that recognize nuclear macromolecules and their complexes. ANAs represent key biomarkers in the evaluation of rheumatic diseases, most prominently systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and A ... Full text Link to item Cite

EULAR recommendations for disease management: guidance not guidelines.

Journal Article Ann Rheum Dis · June 2017 Featured Publication Full text Link to item Cite

Mechanisms of Chromatin Remodeling and Repurposing During Extracellular Translocation.

Journal Article Adv Protein Chem Struct Biol · 2017 Featured Publication Chromatin is a highly conserved molecular structure that provides genetic information to regulate cell function. Comprised of DNA, histones and interacting proteins, chromatin is inherently dynamic and subject to remodeling. While usually conceptualized as ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mechanistic Modelling of Drug-Induced Liver Injury: Investigating the Role of Innate Immune Responses.

Journal Article Gene Regul Syst Bio · 2017 Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) remains an adverse event of significant concern for drug development and marketed drugs, and the field would benefit from better tools to identify liver liabilities early in development and/or to mitigate potential DILI ris ... Full text Link to item Cite

Advances in the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis: Costs and Challenges.

Journal Article N C Med J · 2017 Featured Publication Rheumatoid arthritis is the most common form of inflammatory arthritis. Because of advances in therapy, clinical outcomes have improved dramatically and remission is possible for many patients. These advances have come with many challenges, prompting consi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pain management in rheumatology research, training, and practice.

Journal Article Clin Exp Rheumatol · 2017 The Pain Management Task Force of the American College of Rheumatology published a report in 2010 highlighting pain management as a fundamental aspect of clinical practice, training and research. In the interim, the consideration of pain as a focus of atte ... Link to item Cite

Microparticles in the blood of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): phenotypic characterization and clinical associations.

Journal Article Sci Rep · October 25, 2016 Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypic autoimmune disease characterized by circulating autoantibodies and the formation of immune complexes. In these responses, the selecting self-antigens likely derive from the remains of dead and dying cells, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Tapering biologic and conventional DMARD therapy in rheumatoid arthritis: current evidence and future directions.

Journal Article Ann Rheum Dis · August 2016 Improvements in the control of inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by conventional synthetic and biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) have led to a substantial change in the clinical outcomes of patients during the last 30 years. C ... Full text Link to item Cite

The expression of microvesicles in the blood of patients with Graves' disease and its relationship to treatment.

Journal Article Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) · May 2016 Featured Publication OBJECTIVE: Graves' disease (GD) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the presence of circulating autoantibodies against thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor. Despite extensive research, the pathogenic mechanisms remain unclear. Immune responses ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Alarmin Properties of DNA and DNA-associated Nuclear Proteins.

Journal Article Clin Ther · May 2016 Featured Publication PURPOSE: The communication of cell injury and death is a critical element in host defense. Although immune cells can serve this function by elaborating cytokines and chemokines, somatic cells can repurpose nuclear macromolecules to function as damage-assoc ... Full text Link to item Cite

The role of monogamous bivalency and Fc interactions in the binding of anti-DNA antibodies to DNA antigen.

Journal Article Clin Immunol · May 2016 Featured Publication Antibodies to DNA (anti-DNA) are the serological hallmark of systemic lupus erythematosus. These antibodies can bind DNA avidly by monogamous bivalency, a mechanism which requires the interaction of both Fab combining regions with antigenic determinants on ... Full text Link to item Cite

Bone loss, pain and inflammation: three faces of ACPA in RA pathogenesis.

Journal Article Ann Rheum Dis · April 2016 Featured Publication Full text Link to item Cite

Anti-DNA antibodies--quintessential biomarkers of SLE.

Journal Article Nat Rev Rheumatol · February 2016 Featured Publication Antibodies that recognize and bind to DNA (anti-DNA antibodies) are serological hallmarks of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and key markers for diagnosis and disease activity. In addition to common use in the clinic, anti-DNA antibody testing now also ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Use of Poly-L-Lysine as a Capture Agent to Enhance the Detection of Antinuclear Antibodies by ELISA.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2016 Antibodies to nuclear antigens (antinuclear antibodies or ANAs) are the serological hallmark of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). These antibodies bind diverse nuclear antigens that include DNA, histones and non-histone proteins as well as complexes of p ... Full text Link to item Cite

Oligonucleotide-Based Drug Development: Considerations for Clinical Pharmacology and Immunogenicity.

Journal Article Ther Innov Regul Sci · November 2015 Featured Publication The field of oligonucleotide (OGN)-based therapeutics has been growing dramatically in the past decade, providing innovative platforms to develop agents for the treatment of a wide variety of clinical conditions. OGN agents have unique physicochemical prop ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Role of Cell Death in the Pathogenesis of SLE: Is Pyroptosis the Missing Link?

Journal Article Scand J Immunol · September 2015 Featured Publication Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypic autoimmune disease characterized by the production of antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) in association with systemic inflammation and organ damage. In addition to genetic factors, a contribution of infection t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Rheumatoid vasculitis: going, going, but not yet gone.

Journal Article Arthritis Res Ther · May 8, 2015 Featured Publication Full text Link to item Cite

CD40L expression in plasma of volunteers following LPS administration: A comparison between assay of CD40L on platelet microvesicles and soluble CD40L.

Journal Article Platelets · 2015 Featured Publication CD40 ligand (CD40L) is a transmembrane protein that is mainly expressed on activated T cells and platelets. This protein, however, may also be shed from cells and circulate in the blood in a soluble form. "Soluble CD40L" has attracted interest as a biomark ... Full text Link to item Cite

Relevant concepts of functioning for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus identified in a Delphi exercise of experts and a literature review.

Journal Article Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) · December 2014 Featured Publication OBJECTIVE: To identify in a Delphi exercise of international systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) experts and a systematic literature review the most relevant concepts that impact on the functioning of SLE patients. METHODS: Sixty SLE experts participated in ... Full text Link to item Cite

The complex role of DNA, histones and HMGB1 in the pathogenesis of SLE.

Journal Article Autoimmunity · December 2014 Featured Publication Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypic autoimmune disease characterized by the production of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) in association with protean clinic manifestations. ANA can bind to nuclear molecules, most prominently DNA and histones in ... Full text Link to item Cite

The role of antigen specificity in the binding of murine monoclonal anti-DNA antibodies to microparticles from apoptotic cells.

Journal Article Clin Immunol · October 2014 Featured Publication Antibodies to DNA (anti-DNA) are the serological hallmark of systemic lupus erythematosus and markers of underlying immune system disturbances. These antibodies bind to both single-stranded and double-stranded DNA, mediating pathogenesis by forming immune ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hydroxychloroquine Dosing and Disease Activity in a Large Multi-Racial Lupus Cohort

Journal Article ARTHRITIS & RHEUMATOLOGY · October 1, 2014 Featured Publication Link to item Cite

The expression of cytokines and chemokines in the blood of patients with severe weight loss from anorexia nervosa: an exploratory study.

Journal Article Cytokine · September 2014 Featured Publication Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a serious, potentially life-threatening disorder characterized by severe weight loss, dysregulated eating, and often excessive exercise. While psychiatric illnesses such as depression are associated with increased levels of pro-inf ... Full text Link to item Cite

The expression of HMGB1 on microparticles from Jurkat and HL-60 cells undergoing apoptosis in vitro.

Journal Article Scand J Immunol · August 2014 Featured Publication HMGB1 is a highly conserved nuclear protein that displays important biological activities inside as well as outside the cell and serves as a prototypic alarmin to activate innate immunity. The translocation of HMGB1 from inside to outside the cell occurs w ... Full text Link to item Cite

The effect of polyamines on the binding of anti-DNA antibodies from patients with SLE and normal human subjects.

Journal Article Clin Immunol · July 2014 Featured Publication Antibodies to DNA (anti-DNA) are the serological hallmark of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). To elucidate specificity further, the effect of polyamines on the binding of anti-DNA antibodies from patients with lupus was tested by ELISA to calf thymus (C ... Full text Link to item Cite

The expression of HMGB1 on microparticles released during cell activation and cell death in vitro and in vivo.

Journal Article Mol Med · April 1, 2014 Featured Publication High mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1) is a nonhistone nuclear protein that is a prototypic alarmin that can stimulate innate immunity and drive the pathogenesis of a wide range of inflammatory diseases. While HMGB1 can be released from both activated a ... Full text Link to item Cite

The properties of microparticles from RAW 264.7 macrophage cells undergoing in vitro activation or apoptosis.

Journal Article Innate Immun · April 2014 Featured Publication Microparticles (MPs) are small, membrane-bound vesicles that arise from dead and dying cells, and display pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic activity. As shown previously, the RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cell line can release MPs following stimulation wit ... Full text Link to item Cite

The role of HMGB1 in the pathogenesis of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.

Journal Article Mol Med · March 24, 2014 Featured Publication High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein is a highly abundant protein that can promote the pathogenesis of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases once it is in an extracellular location. This translocation can occur with immune cell activation as well as ce ... Full text Link to item Cite

The translocation of nuclear molecules during inflammation and cell death.

Journal Article Antioxid Redox Signal · March 1, 2014 SIGNIFICANCE: Inflammation is a complex biological process that represents the body's response to infection and/or injury. Endogenous molecules that induce inflammation are called death- or damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). Among cellular const ... Full text Link to item Cite

The effects of smoking on levels of endothelial progenitor cells and microparticles in the blood of healthy volunteers.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2014 Featured Publication BACKGROUND: Cigarette smoking, both active and passive, is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in cardiovascular disease. To assess the impact of brief smoking on the vasculature, we determined levels of circulating endothelial progenitor ... Full text Link to item Cite

Tumor necrosis factor: is it time to change the name?

Journal Article Arthritis Res Ther · 2014 Featured Publication Full text Link to item Cite

Gout, tophi and the wonders of NETs.

Journal Article Arthritis Res Ther · 2014 Featured Publication Full text Link to item Cite

Gout, tophi and the wonders of NETs

Journal Article Arthritis research & therapy · January 1, 2014 Featured Publication Cite

Immune activation by histones: plusses and minuses in inflammation.

Journal Article Eur J Immunol · December 2013 Featured Publication Histones are highly cationic proteins that are essential components of the cell nucleus, interacting with DNA to form the nucleosome and regulating transcription. Histones, however, can transit from the cell nucleus during cell death and, once in an extrac ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assessment of gene expression in peripheral blood using RNAseq before and after weight restoration in anorexia nervosa.

Journal Article Psychiatry Res · November 30, 2013 Featured Publication We examined gene expression in the blood of six females with anorexia nervosa (AN) before and after weight restoration using RNAseq. AN cases (aged 19-39) completed clinical assessments and had blood drawn for RNA at hospital admission (T1,<~75% ideal body ... Full text Link to item Cite

The immunopathogenesis and immunopathology of systemic lupus erythematosus

Chapter · September 1, 2013 Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypic autoimmune disease characterized by the production of antinuclear antibodies (ANAs). These antibodies can bind protein and nucleic acid components of the cell nucleus to form immune complexes to drive path ... Full text Cite

Predictors of preterm birth in patients with mild systemic lupus erythematosus.

Journal Article Ann Rheum Dis · September 1, 2013 OBJECTIVE: While increased disease activity is the best predictor of preterm birth in women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), even women with low disease activity are at increased risk of this complication. Biomarkers that would identify at-risk pre ... Full text Link to item Cite

The danger of sex and death in Scarf1(-/-) autoimmune mice.

Journal Article Nat Immunol · September 2013 Featured Publication Full text Link to item Cite

The Choosing Wisely initiative: does it have your back?

Journal Article Arthritis Res Ther · August 22, 2013 Featured Publication Full text Link to item Cite

Modeling nuclear molecule release during in vitro cell death.

Journal Article Autoimmunity · August 2013 The extracellular release of nuclear molecules occurs prominently during cell death and can determine the immune properties of dead and dying cells. Depending on inciting events and environmental conditions, cells can die by apoptosis or necrosis, although ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of cartilage impact with and without fracture on chondrocyte viability and the release of inflammatory markers.

Journal Article J Orthop Res · August 2013 Post-traumatic arthritis (PTA) frequently develops after intra-articular fracture of weight bearing joints. Loss of cartilage viability and post-injury inflammation have both been implicated as possible contributing factors to PTA progression. To further i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of lipopolysaccharide administration on the number, phenotype and content of nuclear molecules in blood microparticles of normal human subjects.

Journal Article Scand J Immunol · August 2013 Featured Publication Microparticles (MPs) are small membrane-bound vesicles that arise from activated and dying cells and promote inflammation and thrombosis. To characterize the in vivo release of MPs, we used flow cytometry to measure MPs in the blood of 15 healthy volunteer ... Full text Link to item Cite

The role of microparticles in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus.

Journal Article Scand J Immunol · August 2013 Featured Publication Microparticles (MPs) are small membrane-bound vesicles with potent biological activities that can promote the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). These particles contain diverse cellular components and are shed from ... Full text Link to item Cite

Standardization of anti-DNA antibody assays.

Journal Article Immunol Res · July 2013 Antibodies to DNA (anti-DNA) are the serological hallmark of systemic lupus erythematosus and represent important biomarkers for clinical and research purposes. These antibodies are part of a family of antibodies to nucleosomes and bind to conserved sites ... Full text Link to item Cite

Translation, treatises, and tweets.

Journal Article Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) · June 2013 Full text Link to item Cite

The butterfly rash of lupus: an example of aposematism?

Journal Article Arthritis Res Ther · February 19, 2013 Full text Link to item Cite

The 2013 ACR meeting: mad macs at the Marina.

Journal Article Arthritis Res Ther · 2013 Featured Publication Full text Link to item Cite

The role of microparticles in the generation of immune complexes in murine lupus.

Journal Article Clin Immunol · January 2013 Systemic lupus erythematosus is a systemic inflammatory disease characterized by antibodies to nuclear molecules in association with immune complex deposition. As shown previously, microparticles (MPs), which are small membrane-bound vesicles released from ... Full text Link to item Cite

The effectors of innate immunity: DAMPs, DAMEs, or DIMEs?

Journal Article Arthritis Res Ther · 2013 Featured Publication Full text Link to item Cite

Microparticles as mediators and biomarkers of rheumatic disease.

Journal Article Rheumatology (Oxford) · October 2012 Microparticles (MPs) are small membrane-bound vesicles that arise from activated and dying cells and enter the blood to display pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic activities. MPs are 0.1-1.0 μm in size and incorporate nuclear, cytoplasmic and membrane mol ... Full text Link to item Cite

The extracellular release of DNA and HMGB1 from Jurkat T cells during in vitro necrotic cell death.

Journal Article Innate Immun · October 2012 In innate immunity, dead and dying cells release internal constituents that can serve as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) or alarmins. This release occurs more abundantly during necrosis than apoptosis and may account for the differences in the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Antinuclear antibodies in rheumatic disease: a proposal for a function-based classification.

Journal Article Scand J Immunol · September 2012 Antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) are a diverse group of autoantibodies that bind macromolecular components of the cell nucleus. While some ANAs occur in normal individuals, others are expressed almost exclusively in patients with rheumatic disease and serve a ... Full text Link to item Cite

The effects of heparins on the liver: application of mechanistic serum biomarkers in a randomized study in healthy volunteers.

Journal Article Clin Pharmacol Ther · August 2012 Heparins have been reported to cause elevations in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) but have not been associated with clinically significant liver injury. The mechanisms underlying these benign laboratory abnormalit ... Full text Link to item Cite

The origin and properties of extracellular DNA: from PAMP to DAMP.

Journal Article Clin Immunol · July 2012 DNA is a polymeric macromolecule whose biological activities depend on location as well as binding to associated molecules. Inside the cell, DNA is the source of genetic information and binds histones to form nucleosomes. DNA can exit the cell, however, to ... Full text Link to item Cite

The LE cell: crime scene or crime stopper?

Journal Article Arthritis Res Ther · June 26, 2012 Full text Link to item Cite

Advances in the treatment of inflammatory arthritis.

Journal Article Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol · April 2012 The inflammatory arthritides are a diverse group of conditions characterised by joint inflammation which can lead to pain, deformity and disability. Of these diseases, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and spondyloarthritis are two of the most common. While the cl ... Full text Link to item Cite

HMGB1: a smoking gun in lupus nephritis?

Journal Article Arthritis Res Ther · March 14, 2012 High-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) is a prototypic alarmin that is released from activated and dying cells. Because of its proinflammatory activities, HMGB1 could mediate key events in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus, a possibility ... Full text Link to item Cite

The BRIC-GARN Meeting 2011: of mice and men.

Journal Article Arthritis Res Ther · February 24, 2012 Full text Link to item Cite

Gene expression profiles of RAW264.7 macrophages stimulated with preparations of LPS differing in isolation and purity.

Journal Article Innate Immun · February 2012 Featured Publication Lipopolysaccharide is a major component of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria and a potent stimulator of innate immune response via TLR4. Studies on the LPS action both in vivo and in vitro have used different preparations of LPS, including ultra-pure ... Full text Link to item Cite

HMGB1: a multifunctional alarmin driving autoimmune and inflammatory disease.

Journal Article Nat Rev Rheumatol · January 31, 2012 HMGB1 is a non-histone nuclear protein that can serve as an alarmin to drive the pathogenesis of inflammatory and autoimmune disease. Although primarily located in the cell nucleus, HMGB1 can translocate to the cytoplasm, as well as the extracellular space ... Full text Link to item Cite

The inhibition of anti-DNA binding to DNA by nucleic acid binding polymers.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2012 Antibodies to DNA (anti-DNA) are the serological hallmark of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and can mediate disease pathogenesis by the formation of immune complexes. Since blocking immune complex formation can attenuate disease manifestations, the eff ... Full text Link to item Cite

Microparticles as antigenic targets in human and murine SLE

Conference ARTHRITIS RESEARCH & THERAPY · January 1, 2012 Link to item Cite

Pus: The Rodney Dangerfield of immunology

Journal Article Arthritis Research and Therapy · October 26, 2011 Full text Cite

HMGB1 and microparticles as mediators of the immune response to cell death.

Journal Article Antioxid Redox Signal · October 15, 2011 In a wide variety of diseases, cell death represents both an outcome and an important step in pathogenesis. This duality occurs because cell death leads to the extracellular release of molecules and structures that can potently induce the innate immune sys ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Association of Intratumoral Germinal Centers with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer.

Journal Article J Thorac Oncol · October 2011 INTRODUCTION: Lung cancers can display immune cell infiltration although the role of an adaptive immune response in disease pathogenesis is unknown. To investigate the possibility of a functional humoral response to the tumor, we surveyed histologic sectio ... Full text Link to item Cite

Identification of novel innate immune genes by transcriptional profiling of macrophages stimulated with TLR ligands.

Journal Article Mol Immunol · September 2011 Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are key receptors in innate immunity and trigger responses following interaction with pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). TLR3, TLR4 and TLR9 recognize double stranded RNA, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and CpG DNA, respec ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of progesterone and estradiol sex hormones on the release of microparticles by RAW 264.7 macrophages stimulated by Poly(I:C).

Journal Article Clin Vaccine Immunol · September 2011 Microparticles (MPs) are small membrane-bound vesicles that display proinflammatory and prothrombotic properties. These particles can be released by macrophages stimulated by ligands of the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in a process that depends on nitric oxi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Nucleic acid-binding polymers as anti-inflammatory agents.

Journal Article Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · August 23, 2011 Dead and dying cells release nucleic acids. These extracellular RNAs and DNAs can be taken up by inflammatory cells and activate multiple nucleic acid-sensing toll-like receptors (TLR3, 7, 8, and 9). The inappropriate activation of these TLRs can engender ... Full text Link to item Cite

Are autoantibodies the targets of B-cell-directed therapy?

Journal Article Nat Rev Rheumatol · August 2, 2011 B-cell-directed therapy-the use of agents that eliminate B cells or block cytokines important for B-cell function-is emerging as a promising approach to the treatment of rheumatic disease. Target diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), disp ... Full text Link to item Cite

Induction of apoptosis in circulating angiogenic cells by microparticles.

Journal Article Arthritis Rheum · July 2011 Featured Publication OBJECTIVE: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease marked by aberrant activation and apoptosis of endothelial cells (ECs) and decreased numbers of circulating angiogenic cells (CACs). The aim of this study was to analyze whether microparticles mi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Microparticles as antigenic targets of antibodies to DNA and nucleosomes in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Journal Article J Autoimmun · May 2011 Featured Publication Systemic lupus erythematosus is a prototypic autoimmune disease characterized by antibodies to DNA and other nuclear molecules. While these antibodies can form immune complexes, the mechanisms generating the bound nuclear antigens are not known. These stud ... Full text Link to item Cite

Antinuclear antibodies in healthy people: the tip of autoimmunity's iceberg?

Journal Article Arthritis Res Ther · April 21, 2011 Antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) are venerable biomarkers for assessing the diagnosis and prognosis of patients with autoimmunity. While closely associated with diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, ANA expression occurs commonly in healthy people. T ... Full text Link to item Cite

Microparticles as a source of extracellular DNA.

Journal Article Immunol Res · April 2011 Featured Publication Microparticles are small membrane-bound vesicles that display pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic activities important in the pathogenesis of a wide variety of diseases. These particles are released from activated and dying cells and incorporate nuclear an ... Full text Link to item Cite

Platelet microparticles: making blood a bad humor.

Journal Article J Rheumatol · April 2011 Featured Publication Full text Link to item Cite

Gamow, guppies, and the search for GOD

Chapter · January 1, 2011 The term physician-scientist is one of those compound words that have been created to unite disparate elements. Our language has others: student-athlete, warrior-statesman, and player-coach. The hyphen is a convenient way to keep the words together, but th ... Full text Cite

Pus: the Rodney Dangerfield of immunology.

Journal Article Arthritis Res Ther · 2011 Full text Link to item Cite

Cell death in the pathogenesis of immune-mediated diseases: the role of HMGB1 and DAMP-PAMP complexes.

Journal Article Swiss Med Wkly · 2011 Cell death is a ubiquitous process whose immunological consequences can influence the course of infectious, autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. While cell death has long been dichotomised in terms of apoptosis and necrosis, other forms of death can occur ... Full text Link to item Cite

The blood nucleome in the pathogenesis of SLE.

Journal Article Autoimmun Rev · November 2010 Featured Publication Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is prototypic autoimmune disease characterized by the production of autoantibodies to DNA among other nuclear molecules. These antibodies can form immune complexes that promote pathogenesis by stimulating cytokine product ... Full text Link to item Cite

Charlie's List.

Journal Article Ann Intern Med · September 7, 2010 Featured Publication Full text Link to item Cite

Microparticles as autoadjuvants in the pathogenesis of SLE.

Journal Article Nat Rev Rheumatol · June 2010 Featured Publication Nucleic acids represent the main source of autoantigens in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). DNA and RNA can exit the cell during cell death and, in the extracellular space, can be immunostimulatory. Also extracellularly, DNA and RNA can be incorporated ... Full text Link to item Cite

The release of microparticles by RAW 264.7 macrophage cells stimulated with TLR ligands.

Journal Article J Leukoc Biol · June 2010 Featured Publication MPs are small membrane-bound particles that originate from activated and dying cells and mediate intercellular communication. Once released from cells, MPs can serve as novel signaling elements in innate immunity, with levels elevated in immune-mediated di ... Full text Link to item Cite

The release of microparticles by Jurkat leukemia T cells treated with staurosporine and related kinase inhibitors to induce apoptosis.

Journal Article Apoptosis · May 2010 Featured Publication Microparticles (MPs) are small membrane-bound vesicles released from cells undergoing activation or cell death. These particles display potent biological activities that can impact on physiologic and pathologic processes. Previous studies with the Jurkat T ... Full text Link to item Cite

HMGB1: a dangerous player in lupus pathogenesis.

Journal Article J Rheumatol · April 2010 Featured Publication Full text Link to item Cite

Use of SYTO 13, a fluorescent dye binding nucleic acids, for the detection of microparticles in in vitro systems.

Journal Article Cytometry A · March 2010 Featured Publication Microparticles (MPs) are small membrane-bound vesicles that are released from activated or dying cells by a blebbing process. These particles contain nuclear and cytoplasmic components and represent unique biomarkers for disease. The small size of particle ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of HMGB1 on in vitro responses of isolated muscle fibers and functional aspects in skeletal muscles of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies.

Journal Article FASEB J · February 2010 Featured Publication Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) are heterogeneous rheumatic disorders of unknown cause characterized by muscle weakness, inflammatory cell infiltrates, and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I expression on muscle fibers. The nonhistone ... Full text Link to item Cite

The role of microparticles in the pathogenesis of rheumatic diseases.

Journal Article Nat Rev Rheumatol · January 2010 Featured Publication Microparticles (MPs) are small membrane-bound vesicles that are emerging as important elements in the pathogenesis of rheumatic diseases owing to their pleiotropic effects on thrombosis, vascular reactivity, angiogenesis and inflammation. Released from cel ... Full text Link to item Cite

Antibodies to DNA: infection or genetics?

Journal Article Lupus · November 2009 Featured Publication Antibodies to DNA (anti-DNA) are the serological hallmark of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and unique markers of the immunological disturbances critical to disease pathogenesis. In the form of immune complexes, anti-DNA autoantibodies can deposit in t ... Full text Link to item Cite

The role of extracellular DNA in autoimmunity in SLE.

Journal Article Scand J Immunol · September 2009 Featured Publication Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypic autoimmune disease characterized by the expression of antibodies to DNA. These antibodies form immune complexes that can stimulate cytokine production as well as deposit in the tissues to incite inflammati ... Full text Link to item Cite

Systemic lupus erythematosus: a matter of life and death.

Journal Article Arthritis Rheum · June 2009 Featured Publication Full text Link to item Cite

The translocation of HMGB1 during cell activation and cell death.

Journal Article Autoimmunity · May 2009 Featured Publication High-mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1) is a non-histone nuclear protein with alarmin activity. When present in an extracellular location, HMGB1 can activate the innate immune system and promote inflammation in conditions such as sepsis. To exert these a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Post-Translational Modification of HMGB1 and Its Role in Immune Activation

Journal Article · April 29, 2009 High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) functions as an alarmin following release from activated or necrotic cells and mediates inflammation. Translocation and extracellular release ofHMGB1can also occur during apoptosis. This translocation ofHMGB1from the nucle ... Full text Cite

Glomerular type 1 angiotensin receptors augment kidney injury and inflammation in murine autoimmune nephritis.

Journal Article J Clin Invest · April 2009 Featured Publication Studies in humans and animal models indicate a key contribution of angiotensin II to the pathogenesis of glomerular diseases. To examine the role of type 1 angiotensin (AT1) receptors in glomerular inflammation associated with autoimmune disease, we genera ... Full text Link to item Cite

The content of DNA and RNA in microparticles released by Jurkat and HL-60 cells undergoing in vitro apoptosis.

Journal Article Exp Cell Res · March 10, 2009 Featured Publication Microparticles are small membrane-bound vesicles that are released from apoptotic cells during blebbing. These particles contain DNA and RNA and display important functional activities, including immune system activation. Furthermore, nucleic acids inside ... Full text Link to item Cite

Microparticles as biomarkers in autoimmunity: from dust bin to center stage.

Journal Article Arthritis Res Ther · 2009 Featured Publication Microparticles are small membrane-bound vesicles released from activated and dying cells. As shown in a study of primary Sjogren's syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis, levels of microparticles in the blood, as measured by a soli ... Full text Link to item Cite

The role of innate immunity in the induction of autoimmunity.

Journal Article Autoimmun Rev · October 2008 The autoimmune diseases are a diverse group of conditions characterized by abnormal B and T cell reactivity in association with autoantibody production. Among these diseases, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is notable for the expression of antibodies to ... Full text Link to item Cite

The relationship between plasma microparticles and disease manifestations in patients with systemic sclerosis.

Journal Article Arthritis Rheum · September 2008 OBJECTIVE: Microparticles are small, membrane-coated vesicles that can serve as novel signaling structures between cells. The aim of the present study was to analyze the profile of microparticles in the blood of patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc; scler ... Full text Link to item Cite

Induction of plasma (TRAIL), TNFR-2, Fas ligand, and plasma microparticles after human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transmission: implications for HIV-1 vaccine design.

Journal Article J Virol · August 2008 The death of CD4(+) CCR5(+) T cells is a hallmark of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We studied the plasma levels of cell death mediators and products--tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), Fas ligand, TNF rec ... Full text Link to item Cite

The induction of HMGB1 release from RAW 264.7 cells by transfected DNA.

Journal Article Mol Immunol · April 2008 High mobility group protein 1 (HMGB1) is a non-histone nuclear protein that can activate innate immunity when in an extracellular location. As shown in in vitro studies, while polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly (I:C)] and LPS, TLR3 and TLR4 ligands, res ... Full text Link to item Cite

Rheumatology in the current era: the challenge of success.

Journal Article Nat Clin Pract Rheumatol · April 2008 Full text Link to item Cite

The release of DNA into the plasma of mice following hepatic cell death by apoptosis and necrosis.

Journal Article Biomarkers · March 2008 The goal of these investigations was to measure levels of DNA in the plasma of mice following administration of hepatotoxic agents to induce apoptotic or necrotic cell death and determine any differences in the release of this marker depending upon death p ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pivotal advance: inhibition of HMGB1 nuclear translocation as a mechanism for the anti-rheumatic effects of gold sodium thiomalate.

Journal Article J Leukoc Biol · January 2008 Gold compounds such as gold sodium thiomalate (GST) can reduce the symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), although their mechanism of action is not well defined. As the proinflammatory mediator high mobility group box chromosomal protein 1 (HMGB1) may play ... Full text Link to item Cite

The role of cell death in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disease: HMGB1 and microparticles as intercellular mediators of inflammation.

Journal Article Mod Rheumatol · 2008 Cell death is critical to normal homeostasis, although this process, when increased aberrantly, can lead to the production of pro-inflammatory mediators promoting autoimmunity. Two novel intercellular mediators of inflammation generated during cell death a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Developments in the scientific understanding of lupus.

Journal Article Arthritis Res Ther · 2008 Systemic lupus erythematosus is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by the production of antinuclear antibodies (ANAs). Recent research into human and murine lupus suggests that disease susceptibility results from genetic polymorphisms regulating i ... Full text Link to item Cite

High-mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1): an alarmin mediating the pathogenesis of rheumatic disease.

Journal Article Arthritis Res Ther · 2008 High-mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1) is a non-histone nuclear protein that has a dual function. Inside the cell, HMGB1 binds DNA, regulating transcription and determining chromosomal architecture. Outside the cell, HMGB1 can serve as an alarmin to act ... Full text Link to item Cite

Antibodies to DNA

Journal Article · December 1, 2007 Full text Cite

Microparticles stimulate the synthesis of prostaglandin E(2) via induction of cyclooxygenase 2 and microsomal prostaglandin E synthase 1.

Journal Article Arthritis Rheum · November 2007 OBJECTIVE: Microparticles are small vesicles that are released from activated or dying cells and that occur abundantly in the synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The goal of these studies was to elucidate the mechanisms by which micr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Clinician's comment on the management of pain in arthritis.

Journal Article Health Psychol · November 2007 The arthritic diseases are major sources of pain or disability, although they differ in etiology and treatment approach. For diseases such as RA, inflammation is the predominant mechanism that leads to systemic complaints such as pain as well as local dest ... Full text Link to item Cite

Role of Toll-like receptors in HMGB1 release from macrophages.

Journal Article Ann N Y Acad Sci · August 2007 HMGB1 is a nonhistone nuclear protein that can serve as a cytokine and activate innate immunity. The translocation of this molecule from the inside to the outside of cells is a critical event in inflammation, occurring following activation of certain Toll- ... Full text Link to item Cite

The role of nuclear macromolecules in innate immunity.

Journal Article Proc Am Thorac Soc · July 2007 Nuclear macromolecules, in addition to their intracellular role in regulating cell function, can translocate into the extracellular space where they can activate innate immunity. This translocation can occur in various settings and reflects the dynamic nat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Autoimmunity: the nuclear arsenal of autoimmunity.

Journal Article Immunol Cell Biol · July 2007 Full text Link to item Cite

The origin of extracellular DNA during the clearance of dead and dying cells.

Journal Article Autoimmunity · June 2007 DNA is a nuclear molecule that has both an intracellular and extracellular role. Inside the cell, it is the essential molecule of heredity while outside the cell it can have immunological activity, both alone and in the context of immune complexes. Further ... Full text Link to item Cite

The relationship between apoptosis and high-mobility group protein 1 release from murine macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharide or polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid.

Journal Article J Immunol · May 15, 2007 High-mobility group protein 1 (HMGB1) is a nonhistone nuclear protein whose function depends on cellular location. Inside the cell, HMGB1 modulates a variety of important cellular processes, including transcription, whereas outside the cell, HMGB1 acts as ... Full text Link to item Cite

Early rheumatoid arthritis.

Journal Article Curr Opin Rheumatol · May 2007 PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease in which early aggressive therapy with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs can improve outcome and prevent joint damage. While such therapy is effective, its application can be lim ... Full text Link to item Cite

Formative research in clinical trial development: attitudes of patients with arthritis in enhancing prevention trials.

Journal Article Ann Rheum Dis · April 2007 In preparation for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in patients with early inflammatory arthritis (EIA), formative research was conducted to enhance the design of such trials. The objectives of this research were ... Full text Link to item Cite

The role of membrane lipids in the induction of macrophage apoptosis by microparticles.

Journal Article Apoptosis · February 2007 Microparticles are membrane-derived vesicles that are released from cells during activation or cell death. These particles can serve as mediators of intercellular cross-talk and induce a variety of cellular responses. Previous studies have shown that macro ... Full text Link to item Cite

Vaccination against the forkhead family transcription factor Foxp3 enhances tumor immunity.

Journal Article Cancer Res · January 1, 2007 Depletion of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Treg) by treatment with alphaCD25 antibody synergizes with vaccination protocols to engender protective immunity in mice. The effectiveness of targeting CD25 to eliminate Treg is limited by the fact that CD25, the ... Full text Link to item Cite

The role of microparticles in inflammation and thrombosis.

Journal Article Scand J Immunol · 2007 Microparticles (MP) are small membrane-bound vesicles that circulate in the peripheral blood and play active roles in thrombosis, inflammation and vascular reactivity. While MP can be released from nearly every cell type, most investigation has focused on ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mechanisms of Disease: the role of high-mobility group protein 1 in the pathogenesis of inflammatory arthritis.

Journal Article Nat Clin Pract Rheumatol · January 2007 High-mobility group protein 1 (HMG1) is a nonhistone nuclear protein that is a prototype of a dual-function alarmin whose immune activity is dependent upon its cellular location. Inside the cell, HMG1 binds to DNA and has a role in transcriptional regulati ... Full text Link to item Cite

Microparticles as mediators of cellular cross-talk in inflammatory disease.

Journal Article Autoimmunity · December 2006 Microparticles are a heterogeneous population of membrane-coated vesicles which can be released from virtually all cell types during activation or apoptosis. Release occurs from the cell surface in an exogenous budding process involving local rearrangement ... Full text Link to item Cite

The extracellular release of HMGB1 during apoptotic cell death.

Journal Article Am J Physiol Cell Physiol · December 2006 High mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) is a non-histone nuclear protein with dual function. Inside the cell, HMGB1 binds DNA and regulates transcription, whereas outside the cell, it serves as a cytokine and mediates the late effects of LPS. The movemen ... Full text Link to item Cite

The generation of extracellular DNA in SLE: the role of death and sex.

Journal Article Scand J Immunol · September 2006 DNA is a large macromolecule that plays a central role in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), serving as a target antigen of autoantibodies as well as a major component of immune complexes. These complexes can both promote immune distur ... Full text Link to item Cite

The role of IFN-alpha and nitric oxide in the release of HMGB1 by RAW 264.7 cells stimulated with polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid or lipopolysaccharide.

Journal Article J Immunol · September 1, 2006 High mobility group protein 1 (HMGB1) is a nonhistone nuclear protein with a dual function. Inside the cell, HMGB1 binds to DNA and modulates a variety of processes, including transcription. Outside the cell, HMGB1 displays cytokine activity and can promot ... Full text Link to item Cite

Serum, urinary, and salivary nitric oxide in rheumatoid arthritis: complexities of interpreting nitric oxide measures.

Journal Article Arthritis Res Ther · 2006 Nitric oxide (NO) may play important roles in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). RA is an inflammatory disease involving joints and other systems including salivary glands. To assess NO production in RA patients, we compared levels of serum, urine, and salivary ni ... Full text Link to item Cite

In vitro assay of immunostimulatory activities of plasmid vectors.

Journal Article Methods Mol Med · 2006 DNA vaccination represents a novel and potentially important approach to induce immune responses against protein antigens. In this approach, the vaccine is a plasmid DNA vector that can be taken up by cells to produce a protein, encoded by the vector, to b ... Full text Link to item Cite

Rheumatology in 2006: crossroads or crisis?

Journal Article Bull NYU Hosp Jt Dis · 2006 Rheumatology has made remarkable advances in patient treatment in the past decade related to the impressive array of new drugs that have been approved or are undergoing clinical trial. While this situation should engender optimism for the future, concerns ... Link to item Cite

ICF core sets: how to specify impairment and function in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Journal Article Lupus · 2006 The World Health Organization's International Classification of Function (ICF) is a tool to characterize and illuminate better the full of array of problems a patient faces when affected by disease. Specifying these problems is a particular challenge in a ... Full text Link to item Cite

The binding of sera of patients with SLE to bacterial and mammalian DNA.

Journal Article Clin Immunol · 2006 Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypic autoimmune disease characterized by antibodies to DNA (anti-DNA). Although these antibodies have features of antigen drive, the source of this DNA is not defined. To assess the potential role of foreign an ... Full text Link to item Cite

The effects of CpG DNA on HMGB1 release by murine macrophage cell lines.

Journal Article J Leukoc Biol · October 2005 DNA containing cytosine-guanine dinucleotide (CpG) motifs (CpG DNA) has potent immunostimulatory activities that resemble those of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in its effects on the innate immune system. Among its activities, LPS can induce the release of high ... Full text Link to item Cite

The influence of oxygen tension on the induction of nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2 by mechanical stress in articular cartilage.

Journal Article Osteoarthritis Cartilage · October 2005 OBJECTIVES: Articular cartilage is an avascular tissue that exists at low oxygen tension. Oxygen tension can influence the production of the pro-inflammatory mediators nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE(2)) in cartilage, which are increased in ost ... Full text Link to item Cite

The release of microparticles by apoptotic cells and their effects on macrophages.

Journal Article Apoptosis · August 2005 Microparticles are small membrane vesicles released from the cell membrane by exogenous budding. To elucidate the interactions of microparticles with macrophages, the effect of microparticles released from Jurkat T cells on RAW 264.7 cells was determined. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Role of thromboxane A2 in the induction of apoptosis of immature thymocytes by lipopolysaccharide.

Journal Article Clin Diagn Lab Immunol · August 2005 Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) causes apoptotic deletion of CD4(+) CD8(+) thymocytes, a phenomenon that has been linked to immune dysfunction and poor survival during sepsis. Given the abundance of thromboxane-prostanoid (TP) receptors in CD4(+) CD8(+) thymocyte ... Full text Link to item Cite

The role of macrophages in the in vitro generation of extracellular DNA from apoptotic and necrotic cells.

Journal Article Immunology · May 2005 Cell death is a ubiquitous process that occurs by apoptosis or necrosis depending on the triggering event. While apoptotic and necrotic cells differ biochemically, both are cleared by macrophages for elimination. The process is very efficient, although DNA ... Full text Link to item Cite

The effect of inflammation on the generation of plasma DNA from dead and dying cells in the peritoneum.

Journal Article J Leukoc Biol · March 2005 To assess the effects of inflammation on the generation of circulating DNA from dead and dying cells, plasma DNA levels were determined in BALB/c mice, administered apoptotic or necrotic Jurkat cells following induction of peritonitis by treatment with thi ... Full text Link to item Cite

The induction of matrix metalloproteinase and cytokine expression in synovial fibroblasts stimulated with immune cell microparticles.

Journal Article Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · February 22, 2005 Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by destruction of cartilage and bone that is mediated by synovial fibroblasts. To determine the mechanisms by which these cells are activated to produce matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), ... Full text Link to item Cite

The effects of cyclic mechanical strain and tumor necrosis factor alpha on the response of cells of the meniscus.

Journal Article Osteoarthritis Cartilage · December 2004 OBJECTIVES: Cells of the knee meniscus respond to changes in their biochemical and biomechanical environments with alterations in the biosynthesis of matrix constituents and inflammatory mediators. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) is a pro-inflammat ... Full text Link to item Cite

The immune response to cell death in SLE.

Journal Article Autoimmun Rev · November 2004 Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypic autoimmune disease characterized by the production of antinuclear antibodies (ANA). These antibodies target a wide variety of antigens whose presence in an immunologically active form may result from cell ... Full text Link to item Cite

Toll-like receptors in the pathogenesis of human disease.

Journal Article Nat Immunol · October 2004 Members of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family are key regulators of both innate and adaptive immune responses. The function of TLRs in various human diseases has been investigated by comparison of the incidence of disease among people having different pol ... Full text Link to item Cite

DNA as a marker of cell death in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Journal Article Rheum Dis Clin North Am · August 2004 DNA circulates in the blood in systemic lupus erythematosus, among other conditions, and plays a role in immunopathogenesis in the form of immune complexes. As shown in experiments in mice, blood DNA levels rise following treatments to induce apoptosis and ... Full text Link to item Cite

The role of biomechanics and inflammation in cartilage injury and repair.

Journal Article Clin Orthop Relat Res · June 2004 Osteoarthritis is a painful and debilitating disease characterized by progressive degenerative changes in the articular cartilage and other joint tissues. Biomechanical factors play a critical role in the initiation and progression of this disease, as evid ... Full text Link to item Cite

Induction of immune activation by a novel immunomodulatory oligonucleotide without thymocyte apoptosis.

Journal Article Biochem Biophys Res Commun · May 21, 2004 Bacterial DNA and synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) containing unmethylated CpG motifs (CpG DNA) can potently stimulate innate immunity. While the actions of CpG DNA resemble those of LPS, these molecules stimulate distinct Toll-like receptors as well ... Full text Link to item Cite

The effect of dexamethasone on the generation of plasma DNA from dead and dying cells.

Journal Article Am J Pathol · May 2004 To determine the effects of glucocorticoids on the clearance of apoptotic and necrotic cells, the influence of dexamethasone on plasma levels of DNA was assessed in BALB/c mice receiving Jurkat cells treated with etoposide or ethanol. In untreated mice, ad ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mechanisms of activation of the RAW264.7 macrophage cell line by transfected mammalian DNA.

Journal Article Cell Immunol · May 2004 Bacterial DNA can stimulate the production of cytokines and nitric oxide (NO), while mammalian DNA can block these responses. If mammalian DNA is transfected into macrophages, however, it can stimulate NO production, without inducing IL-12. To define furth ... Full text Link to item Cite

OutOfDate.

Journal Article Pharos Alpha Omega Alpha Honor Med Soc · 2004 Link to item Cite

Release of DNA from dead and dying lymphocyte and monocyte cell lines in vitro.

Journal Article Scand J Immunol · 2004 DNA is a nuclear macromolecule that circulates in the blood where its levels can reflect the activity of inflammatory and malignant diseases. While dead and dying cells have usually been considered the source of blood DNA, the mechanisms for its release du ... Full text Link to item Cite

Apoptosis in the rheumatic diseases

Journal Article Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America · January 1, 2004 Full text Cite

Specificity and immunochemical properties of anti-DNA antibodies induced in normal mice by immunization with mammalian DNA with a CpG oligonucleotide as adjuvant.

Journal Article Clin Immunol · December 2003 To elucidate the role of DNA antigen drive in the anti-DNA response, the specificity and immunochemical properties of anti-DNA antibodies induced in normal mice by immunization with double stranded (ds) mammalian DNA with a CpG oligonucleotide (ODN) adjuva ... Full text Link to item Cite

The pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus

Journal Article Bulletin on the Rheumatic Diseases · December 1, 2003 Cite

Role of macrophages in the generation of circulating blood nucleosomes from dead and dying cells.

Journal Article Blood · September 15, 2003 After apoptosis or necrosis, macrophages clear dead cells by phagocytosis. Although this process is efficient, circulating nucleosomes can occur in certain diseases, presumably reflecting either increased production or impaired clearance. To investigate th ... Full text Link to item Cite

B lymphocytes and systemic lupus erythematosus.

Journal Article Curr Rheumatol Rep · August 2003 Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypic autoimmune disease characterized by B cell hyperactivity in association with autoantibodies, most prominently those directed to components of the cell nucleus. The source of the antigens that drive B cell ... Full text Link to item Cite

Regulation of matrix turnover in meniscal explants: role of mechanical stress, interleukin-1, and nitric oxide.

Journal Article J Appl Physiol (1985) · July 2003 The meniscus is an intra-articular fibrocartilaginous structure that serves essential biomechanical roles in the knee. With injury or arthritis, the meniscus may be exposed to significant changes in its biochemical and biomechanical environments that likel ... Full text Link to item Cite

Informed consent in a clinical trial of a novel treatment for rheumatoid arthritis.

Journal Article Arthritis Rheum · June 15, 2003 OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the informed consent process for a clinical trial of intravenous doxycycline for rheumatoid arthritis. METHODS: Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire about the consent process at baseline and 16 weeks following enr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of cytofectins on the immune response of murine macrophages to mammalian DNA.

Journal Article Immunology · June 2003 DNA, depending on base sequence, can induce a wide range of immune responses. While bacterial DNA is stimulatory, mammalian DNA is inactive alone and can, moreover, inhibit the response to bacterial DNA. To determine whether the mode of cell entry affects ... Full text Link to item Cite

The use of fluorometric assays to assess the immune response to DNA in murine systemic lupus erythematosus.

Journal Article Scand J Immunol · June 2003 Antibodies to DNA (anti-DNA) play an important role in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In blood, these antibodies may exist in a free, unbound state or as part of complexes with DNA. Furthermore, circulating DNA may be either comple ... Full text Link to item Cite

Enhancing immunogenicity by CpG DNA.

Journal Article Curr Opin Mol Ther · April 2003 Bacterial DNA and oligonucleotides containing unmethylated CpG dinucleotides (CpG DNA) can stimulate immune responses and have potential for use as novel agents to enhance immunogenicity. CpG DNA can interact with toll-like receptor 9 and cause activation ... Link to item Cite

Screening the genome for rheumatoid arthritis susceptibility genes: a replication study and combined analysis of 512 multicase families.

Journal Article Arthritis Rheum · April 2003 OBJECTIVE: A number of non-HLA loci that have shown evidence (P < 0.05) for linkage with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have been previously identified. The present study attempts to confirm these findings. METHODS: We performed a second genome-wide screen of 2 ... Full text Link to item Cite

The expression of plasma nucleosomes in mice undergoing in vivo apoptosis.

Journal Article Clin Immunol · February 2003 Nucleosomes occur in the blood of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and are thought to result from in vivo cell death. To determine the conditions for the release of nucleosomes into the blood, normal mice were treated with four agents that have t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Inhibition of murine dendritic cell activation by synthetic phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides.

Journal Article J Leukoc Biol · December 2002 Depending on sequence and backbone structure, DNA can inhibit as well as stimulate immune responses. As previously shown, single-base phosphorothioate (Ps) oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) can inhibit murine macrophage activation. To determine whether these com ... Link to item Cite

Induction of cyclooxygenase-2 by mechanical stress through a nitric oxide-regulated pathway.

Journal Article Osteoarthritis Cartilage · October 2002 OBJECTIVE: Biomechanical signals play important roles in regulating the homeostasis of articular cartilage, but under abnormal conditions may be a critical factor in the onset and progression of arthritis. Prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) and nitric oxide (NO), ... Full text Link to item Cite

A walk on the beach.

Journal Article Ann Intern Med · September 3, 2002 Full text Link to item Cite

Inhibition of murine macrophage nitric oxide production by synthetic oligonucleotides.

Journal Article J Leukoc Biol · April 2002 Synthetic 30-mer phosphorothioate (Ps) oligonucleotides (ODN) comprised of single bases (SdA30, SdC30, SdG30, and SdT30) were assessed for their effects on nitric oxide (NO) production by murine bone marrow macrophages (BMMC) and macrophage cell lines J774 ... Link to item Cite

Influence of hypoxia and reoxygenation on cytokine-induced production of proinflammatory mediators in articular cartilage.

Journal Article Arthritis Rheum · April 2002 OBJECTIVE: Articular cartilage is an avascular tissue that functions at a lower oxygen tension than do most tissues. With mobilization, arthritic joints may undergo cycles of hypoxia and reoxygenation. The goal of this study was to determine the effects of ... Full text Link to item Cite

A medical education.

Journal Article Lancet (London, England) · February 2002 Full text Cite

The role of surface ig binding in the activation of human B cells by phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides.

Journal Article Scand J Immunol · December 2001 Phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides (sODNs) can induce T-cell-independent polyclonal activation of human B cells by a mechanism that depends on both sequence and back-bone structure. Because matrix-bound as well as soluble sODNs are mitogenic, this stim ... Full text Link to item Cite

Host response to infection: the role of CpG DNA in induction of cyclooxygenase 2 and nitric oxide synthase 2 in murine macrophages.

Journal Article Infect Immun · December 2001 Depending on sequence, bacterial and synthetic DNAs can activate the host immune system and influence the host response to infection. The purpose of this study was to determine the abilities of various phosphorothioate oligonucleotides with cytosine-guanos ... Full text Link to item Cite

Immune response to DNA in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Journal Article Isr Med Assoc J · November 2001 Antibodies to DNA occur prominently in systemic lupus erythematosus and have been extensively studied as probes for underlying immune disturbances. These antibodies have features of DNA antigen drive. While previous models for this response posited DNA as ... Link to item Cite

Role of the heat shock protein 90 in immune response stimulation by bacterial DNA and synthetic oligonucleotides.

Journal Article Infect Immun · September 2001 To elucidate the mechanisms of immunostimulation by bacterial DNA and synthetic oligonucleotides, the effects of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibitors on the activation of murine spleen cells and macrophages by these molecules were investigated. Murine ... Full text Link to item Cite

Interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and interleukin-17 synergistically up-regulate nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2 production in explants of human osteoarthritic knee menisci.

Journal Article Arthritis Rheum · September 2001 OBJECTIVE: In osteoarthritis (OA), a combination of biochemical and biomechanical factors may damage both menisci and articular cartilage. Nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) have been implicated as mediators of inflammation in OA. The goals of t ... Full text Link to item Cite

The role of cpg sequences in the induction of anti-DNA antibodies.

Journal Article Clin Immunol · August 2001 To investigate the role of CpG sequences in anti-DNA induction, immunization experiments were performed in mice to assess the immunogenicity of native Escherichia coli (EC) and calf thymus (CT) in incomplete Freund's adjuvant. The effects of CpG sequences ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mechanical stress and nitric oxide influence leukotriene production in cartilage.

Journal Article Biochem Biophys Res Commun · July 20, 2001 Nitric oxide (NO) and leukotrienes regulate a variety of processes in joint tissues and are frequently elevated in arthritis. Mechanical stress can induce biochemical and functional changes in cartilage that may influence mediator production. To investigat ... Full text Link to item Cite

The effects of static and intermittent compression on nitric oxide production in articular cartilage explants.

Journal Article J Orthop Res · July 2001 Nitric oxide (NO) production and NO synthase (NOS) expression are increased in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, suggesting that NO may play a role in the destruction of articular cartilage. To test the hypothesis that mechanical stress may increase ... Full text Link to item Cite

The effect of dynamic mechanical compression on nitric oxide production in the meniscus.

Journal Article Osteoarthritis Cartilage · July 2001 OBJECTIVE: The menisci play an important role in the biomechanics of the knee, and loss of meniscal function has been associated with progressive degenerative changes of the joint in rheumatoid arthritis as well as in osteoarthritis. However, little is kno ... Full text Link to item Cite

The role of the macrophage scavenger receptor in immune stimulation by bacterial DNA and synthetic oligonucleotides.

Journal Article Immunology · June 2001 To assess the role of the macrophage scavenger receptor type A (SRA) in immune activation by CpG DNA, cytokine induction and DNA uptake were tested in vitro and in vivo using SRA knockout (SRA-/-) and wild type (WT) mice. As a source of CpG DNA, Escherichi ... Full text Link to item Cite

The effects of intravenous doxycycline therapy for rheumatoid arthritis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Journal Article Arthritis Rheum · May 2001 OBJECTIVE: To determine the feasibility, safety, and potential clinical efficacy of intravenous (IV) doxycycline therapy for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), as well as its possible effects on serum and urinary markers of collagen breakdown. METHODS: The explora ... Full text Link to item Cite

A genomewide screen in multiplex rheumatoid arthritis families suggests genetic overlap with other autoimmune diseases.

Journal Article Am J Hum Genet · April 2001 Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune/inflammatory disorder with a complex genetic component. We report the first major genomewide screen of multiplex families with RA gathered in the United States. The North American Rheumatoid Arthritis Consortium, ... Full text Link to item Cite

The American College of Rheumatology Journals: New directions for Y2K + 1

Journal Article Arthritis and Rheumatism · February 13, 2001 Full text Cite

Inhibition of murine macrophage IL-12 production by natural and synthetic DNA.

Journal Article Clin Immunol · September 2000 DNA is a complex macromolecule whose immunological properties vary with sequence and structure. To determine whether DNA can inhibit immune responses, the effects of mammalian DNA and synthetic phosphodiester (Po) and phosphorothioate (Ps) oligonucleotides ... Full text Link to item Cite

Anti-DNA and autoantibodies.

Journal Article Curr Opin Rheumatol · September 2000 Systemic lupus erythematosus is a prototypic autoimmune disease characterized by antinuclear antibodies (ANAs), including pathogenic specificities to DNA. As shown by recent research, ANA production is a genetically determined process in which self antigen ... Full text Link to item Cite

The role of cell surface receptors in the activation of human B cells by phosphorothioate oligonucleotides.

Journal Article J Immunol · August 1, 2000 Phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides (sODN) containing the CpG motif or TCG repeats induce T cell-independent polyclonal activation of human B cells. To elucidate the mechanism of this response, the role of cell surface receptors was investigated. Sephar ... Full text Link to item Cite

Stimulation of thymocyte proliferation by phosphorothioate DNA oligonucleotides.

Journal Article Cell Immunol · April 10, 2000 DNA is a complex macromolecule the immunological properties of which depend on short sequence motifs called CpG motifs or immunostimulatory sequences (ISS). These sequences are mitogenic for B cells and can stimulate macrophage cytokine production. While t ... Full text Link to item Cite

The role of bacterial DNA in autoantibody induction.

Journal Article Curr Top Microbiol Immunol · 2000 Bacterial DNA has potent immunological properties that can stimulate the immune system in SLE in both specific and non-specific ways. As such, this molecule may play an important role in disease pathogenesis, because it can exert immunomodulatory activity ... Full text Link to item Cite

In vitro assay of immunostimulatory activities of plasmid vectors.

Journal Article Methods Mol Med · 2000 DNA vaccination represents a powerful new approach for the elicitation of long-lived protective immunity against a broad range of protein antigens (1,2). In this approach, the vaccine is a plasmid DNA vector that encodes a foreign protein to be targeted fo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Immune responses to DNA in normal and aberrant immunity.

Journal Article Immunol Res · 2000 Because of structural microheterogeneity, DNA can exert powerful effects that lead to immune system activation as well as antibody induction. These activating effects resemble those ofendotoxin and result from sequences that occur much more commonly in bac ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mechanisms of immune stimulation by bacterial DNA.

Journal Article Springer Semin Immunopathol · 2000 Full text Link to item Cite

Influence of backbone chemistry on immune activation by synthetic oligonucleotides.

Journal Article Biochem Pharmacol · December 15, 1999 Depending on base sequence, DNA displays immunological activities relevant to the design of novel therapeutic agents. To determine the influence of backbone structure on these activities, we tested a series of synthetic phosphodiester and phosphorothioate ... Full text Link to item Cite

Multivalent cross-linking of membrane Ig sensitizes murine B cells to a broader spectrum of CpG-containing oligodeoxynucleotide motifs, including their methylated counterparts, for stimulation of proliferation and Ig secretion.

Journal Article Int Immunol · October 1999 We have previously reported that B cells that are activated by multivalent but not bivalent membrane Ig cross-linking ligands synergize with various B cell activators culminating in enhanced B cell proliferation. In this study we asked whether B cells that ... Full text Link to item Cite

The influence of lipofectin on the in vitro stimulation of murine spleen cells by bacterial DNA and plasmid DNA vectors.

Journal Article J Interferon Cytokine Res · October 1999 Lipofectin is a mixture of two cationic lipids, N-[1-(2,3-dioleyloxy)propyl]-n,n,n-trimethylammonium chloride (DOTMA) and dioleoyl phosphotidylethanolamine (DOPE), and has been commonly used to promote transfection of plasmid vectors in vitro and in vivo. ... Full text Link to item Cite

A piece of my mind. What we are made of.

Journal Article JAMA · September 22, 1999 Full text Link to item Cite

Specificity of antibodies to bacterial DNA in the sera of healthy human subjects and patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Journal Article J Rheumatol · September 1999 OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the epitope structure to DNA by identifying antigenic determinants on bacterial DNA bound by anti-DNA antibodies from normal human subjects (NHS) and patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS: Sera from NHS and patie ... Link to item Cite

Deficiency of 5-lipoxygenase abolishes sex-related survival differences in MRL-lpr/lpr mice.

Journal Article J Immunol · July 1, 1999 Leukotrienes, the 5-lipoxygenase (5LO) products of arachidonic acid metabolism, have many proinflammatory actions that have been implicated in the pathogenesis of a variety of inflammatory diseases. To investigate the role of LTs in autoimmune disease, we ... Link to item Cite

The influence of DNA size on the binding of antibodies to DNA in the sera of normal human subjects and patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Journal Article Clin Exp Immunol · May 1999 To elucidate antibody recognition of DNA in normal and aberrant immunity, the binding of sera of normal human subjects (NHS) and patients with SLE was tested with mammalian and bacterial DNA varying in size. Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) and calf thymus (CT) ... Full text Link to item Cite

A college for its teachers.

Journal Article Arthritis Rheum · April 1999 Full text Link to item Cite

Pain in the rheumatic diseases. Practical aspects of diagnosis and treatment.

Journal Article Rheum Dis Clin North Am · February 1999 Patients with rheumatic disease experience pain that can be intense, persistent, and disabling. This pain is frequently multifactorial in origin and has both central and peripheral components. Because of the array of conditions that can cause musculoskelet ... Full text Link to item Cite

Immunostimulatory properties of genomic DNA from different bacterial species.

Journal Article Immunobiology · February 1999 Bacterial DNA has potent immunological properties because of its content of immunostimulatory sequences centering on CpG motifs. To investigate whether DNA from various bacterial species differ in these properties, the activity of a panel of DNA was assess ... Full text Link to item Cite

Doing everything.

Journal Article Ann Intern Med · January 19, 1999 Full text Link to item Cite

The influence of base sequence on the immunostimulatory properties of DNA.

Journal Article Immunol Res · 1999 DNA is a complex macromolecule whose immunological properties vary with base sequences. As shown with synthetic oligonucleotides, potent immune stimulation results from six base motifs called CpG motifs or immunostimulatory sequences (ISS). These sequences ... Full text Link to item Cite

Preface

Journal Article Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America · January 1, 1999 Full text Cite

The binding of anti-DNA antibodies to phosphorothioate oligonucleotides in a solid phase immunoassay.

Journal Article Mol Immunol · December 1998 Phosphorothioate oligonucleotides (S-oligos) are nucleic acid derivatives that are commonly used as antisense agents. These compounds, similar to bacterial DNA and CpG oligonucleotides, display a variety of immunological activities in vitro and in vivo. To ... Full text Link to item Cite

New treatments for rheumatoid arthritis.

Journal Article Health News · November 20, 1998 Link to item Cite

The influence of base sequence on the immunological properties of defined oligonucleotides.

Journal Article Immunopharmacology · November 1998 To assess the influence of base sequence on the immunostimulatory activities of DNA, cell binding and mitogenicity of a series of 30-mer phosphodiester oligonucleotides were tested using murine spleen cells. These compounds consisted of either a single bas ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of bacterial DNA on cytokine production by (NZB/NZW)F1 mice.

Journal Article J Immunol · October 15, 1998 Microbial DNA has multiple immune effects including the capacity to induce polyclonal B cell activation and cytokine production in normal mice. We recently described the accelerated induction of anti-DNA Abs in NZB/NZW mice immunized with Escherichia coli ... Link to item Cite

The influence of DNA sequence on the immunostimulatory properties of plasmid DNA vectors.

Journal Article Hum Gene Ther · July 1, 1998 To determine the influence of DNA sequence on immunostimulatory properties of vaccine vectors, we tested the induction of in vitro and in vivo immune responses by plasmids modified to contain extended runs of dG sequences. Studies with oligonucleotides ind ... Full text Link to item Cite

Doing everything.

Journal Article Ann Intern Med · May 15, 1998 Full text Link to item Cite

Immune recognition of DNA in SLE.

Journal Article Clin Immunol Immunopathol · January 1998 Full text Link to item Cite

The influence of susceptibility factors on the immune response to DNA.

Journal Article Environ Toxicol Pharmacol · December 1997 Susceptibility to autoimmune disease results from genetic factors that determine the pattern of immune responsiveness to self as well as foreign antigens. These factors may influence the immune response to DNA, a complex macromolecule that can induce antib ... Full text Link to item Cite

Till death do us part.

Journal Article J Gen Intern Med · November 1997 Full text Link to item Cite

Clinical and serologic manifestations of autoimmune disease in MRL-lpr/lpr mice lacking nitric oxide synthase type 2.

Journal Article J Exp Med · August 4, 1997 Nitric oxide (NO) is an important mediator of the inflammatory response. MRL-lpr/lpr mice overexpress inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2) and overproduce NO in parallel with the development of an autoimmune syndrome with a variety of inflammatory manife ... Full text Link to item Cite

Specificity and immunochemical properties of antibodies to bacterial DNA in sera of normal human subjects and patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Journal Article Clin Exp Immunol · July 1997 To elucidate the mechanisms of anti-DNA production, we assessed the binding of sera of normal human subjects (NHS) and patients with SLE to a panel of bacterial and mammalian DNA. Using single-stranded DNA as antigens in an ELISA, NHS showed significant bi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Deficient expression of antibodies specific for bacterial DNA by patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Journal Article Proc Assoc Am Physicians · May 1997 Antibodies to DNA occur commonly in the sera of normal human subjects and bind to nonconserved sites exclusive to DNA from certain bacterial species. These antibodies are primarily IgG2 and differ from anti-DNA antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus (S ... Link to item Cite

Molecular properties of anti-DNA induced in preautoimmune NZB/W mice by immunization with bacterial DNA.

Journal Article J Immunol · May 1, 1997 To elucidate the mechanism of Ag drive in the anti-DNA response, the Ab response to bacterial DNA has been analyzed in normal and autoimmune mice. Preautoimmune NZB/W mice immunized with Escherichia coli dsDNA produce Abs that resemble spontaneous autoanti ... Link to item Cite

DNA and the immune system.

Journal Article Ann Intern Med · January 15, 1997 Full text Link to item Cite

Systemic lupus erythematosus. Diagnosis and treatment.

Journal Article Med Clin North Am · January 1997 Systemic lupus erythematosus is a multisystem inflammatory disease characterized by antinuclear antibody production. The diagnosis of this disease is established on the basis of a constellation of clinical and serologic features. Therapy is directed to spe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Specificity and immunochemical properties of antibodies to bacterial DNA.

Journal Article Methods · January 1997 DNA is a structurally heterogeneous molecule that elicits antibody production in both normal and aberrant immunity. In the prototypic autoimmune disease systemic lupus erythematosus, anti-DNA antibodies occur prominently and are serological markers for dia ... Full text Link to item Cite

Human b cell activation induced by specific oligodeoxynucleotides

Journal Article FASEB Journal · December 1, 1996 To investigate the potential of DNA to elicit immune responses, we examined the capacity of a variety of oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) to stimulate highly purified T cell depleted human peripheral blood B cells. Among 34 ODNs tested, three specific phosphor ... Cite

CD19 regulates B lymphocyte signaling thresholds critical for the development of B-1 lineage cells and autoimmunity.

Journal Article J Immunol · November 15, 1996 CD19 serves as a cell surface response regulator that establishes signaling thresholds critical for B lymphocyte development and activation. B lymphocytes from CD19-deficient mice are hyporesponsive to transmembrane signals, while B lymphocytes from mice t ... Link to item Cite

Interleukin-2 receptor levels in sera of patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with sulfasalazine, parenteral gold, or placebo.

Journal Article J Rheumatol · November 1996 OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the associations of soluble serum interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with clinical and laboratory measures of disease activity and the predicted response to therapy. METHODS: sIL-2R leve ... Link to item Cite

Activation of human B cells by phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides.

Journal Article J Clin Invest · September 1, 1996 To investigate the potential of DNA to elicit immune responses in man, we examined the capacity of a variety of oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) to stimulate highly purified T cell-depleted human peripheral blood B cells. Among 47 ODNs of various sequences tes ... Full text Link to item Cite

Differences in V kappa gene utilization and VH CDR3 sequence among anti-DNA from C3H-lpr mice and lupus mice with nephritis.

Journal Article Eur J Immunol · September 1996 To investigate the molecular properties of anti-DNA from lpr mice that express high levels of anti-DNA without immune-mediated nephritis, the sequences of VH and V kappa genes encoding 11 monoclonal anti-DNA antibodies derived from C3H-lpr/lpr (C3H-lpr) mi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Increased expression of blood mononuclear cell nitric oxide synthase type 2 in rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Journal Article J Exp Med · September 1, 1996 Nitric oxide (NO) is an important inflammatory mediator in nonhuman animal models of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The purpose of the present study was to determine whether blood mononuclear cells from patients with active RA (as compared to control subjects) ... Full text Link to item Cite

Final act.

Journal Article Arthritis Care Res · August 1996 Full text Link to item Cite

Fact or fiction?

Journal Article Ann Intern Med · June 1, 1996 Full text Link to item Cite

Modulation of renal disease in autoimmune NZB/NZW mice by immunization with bacterial DNA.

Journal Article J Exp Med · April 1, 1996 Preautoimmune New Zealand Black/White (NZB/NZW) mice immunized with Escherichia coli (EC) double standard (ds) DNA produce antibodies that bind mammalian dsDNA and display specificities similar to spontaneous lupus anti-DNA. Since calf thymus (CT) dsDNA fa ... Full text Link to item Cite

A multicenter trial of recombinant human interferon gamma in patients with systemic sclerosis: effects on cutaneous fibrosis and interleukin 2 receptor levels.

Journal Article J Rheumatol · April 1996 OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the acute toxicity, potential efficacy, and effects on the soluble interleukin 2 receptor (sIL-2R) of recombinant human interferon gamma (rIFN-gamma) in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). METHODS: A multicentered, pilot clinical ... Link to item Cite

A piece of my mind. Moments of love.

Journal Article JAMA · February 14, 1996 Full text Link to item Cite

The breakthrough.

Journal Article Ann Intern Med · February 1, 1996 Full text Link to item Cite

Restoring our health.

Journal Article Arthritis care and research : the official journal of the Arthritis Health Professions Association · February 1996 Full text Cite

The immunologic properties of DNA.

Journal Article J Immunol · January 15, 1996 Link to item Cite

Bacterial DNA induces murine interferon-gamma production by stimulation of interleukin-12 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha.

Journal Article Cell Immunol · January 10, 1996 Bacterial, but not mammalian DNA, can induce interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in murine splenocytes. To elucidate the basis of this activity, we have assessed in vitro cytokine production by C3H/HeJ splenocytes stimulated with either DNA from Escherichia coli ... Full text Link to item Cite

American Dream

Journal Article Journal of Medical Humanities · January 1, 1996 Full text Cite

Consultation at twilight.

Journal Article N C Med J · December 1995 Link to item Cite

Immunological properties of bacterial DNA.

Journal Article Ann N Y Acad Sci · November 27, 1995 Full text Link to item Cite

The influence of variable-region somatic mutations on the specificity and pathogenicity of murine monoclonal anti-DNA antibodies.

Journal Article Clin Immunol Immunopathol · July 1995 Antibodies to DNA (anti-DNA) occur prominently in systemic lupus erythematosus and provoke inflammatory damage in the kidneys. To determine the factors that confer pathogenicity on antibodies of this specificity, we investigated the in vitro and in vivo gl ... Full text Link to item Cite

Letters to the Editor

Journal Article Clinical Immunology and Immunopathology · July 1, 1995 Full text Cite

The effects of short-term treatment with the prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) analog misoprostol on inflammatory mediator production in murine lupus nephritis.

Journal Article Clin Immunol Immunopathol · May 1995 MRL-lpr/lpr mice spontaneously develop an autoimmune disease with nephritis similar to human systemic lupus erythematosus. In these animals, treatment with E-series prostaglandins ameliorates renal disease and prolongs survival, perhaps by modulating produ ... Full text Link to item Cite

Induction of cross-reactive anti-dsDNA antibodies in preautoimmune NZB/NZW mice by immunization with bacterial DNA.

Journal Article J Clin Invest · March 1995 To investigate the role of antigen drive in anti-double-stranded (ds) DNA production, the antibody response induced in lupus-prone NZB/NZW mice by E. coli (EC) dsDNA was evaluated. Preautoimmune NZB/NZW female mice were immunized with complexes of EC dsDNA ... Full text Link to item Cite

In vitro inhibition of murine IFN gamma production by phosphorothioate deoxyguanosine oligomers.

Journal Article Immunopharmacology · February 1995 Phosphorothioate (PT) oligonucleotides are designed as specific agents for antisense therapy although they have been reported to exert non-specific immunomodulatory effects. To elucidate further their actions, the effect of PT deoxyguanosine oligomers (S-o ... Full text Link to item Cite

Serial measurement of serum interleukin-2 receptor levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: limited evidence for a role of T cell activation in clinical exacerbations.

Journal Article Clin Immunol Immunopathol · December 1994 To investigate the association of T cell activation with clinical exacerbations of RA, we measured serum levels of soluble interleukin-2 receptors (sIL2R), a marker of T cell activation, in serial samples obtained from 23 patients with RA. sIL2R measuremen ... Full text Link to item Cite

The mechanism of autoantibody production in an autoimmune MRL/lpr mouse.

Journal Article J Immunol · December 1, 1994 Rheumatoid factors (RF) and anti-DNA Abs from MRL/lpr mice have features similar to Abs directed toward foreign Ags, indicating a role of specific activation by Ags during disease. But our previous studies and analogous studies from others concentrated on ... Link to item Cite

Fish oil feeding modulates leukotriene production in murine lupus nephritis.

Journal Article Prostaglandins · November 1994 Diets enriched with fish oil (FO) ameliorate kidney disease in the MRL-lpr/lpr murine model of lupus nephritis. Although the mechanisms of this effect are not known, FO is rich in the polyunsaturated fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) which may have pr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Characterization of antibodies to bacterial double-stranded DNA in the sera of normal human subjects.

Journal Article Int Arch Allergy Immunol · October 1994 To assess the human antibody response to bacterial double-stranded (ds) DNA, sera from normal human subjects (NHS) were tested by ELISA for binding to highly purified dsDNA from Micrococcus lysodeikticus (MC). Of 38 NHS tested, 19 demonstrated significant ... Full text Link to item Cite

The influence of DNA size on the binding of anti-DNA antibodies in the solid and fluid phase.

Journal Article Clin Immunol Immunopathol · September 1994 To elucidate the interaction of anti-DNA antibodies with DNA, the reactivity of lupus sera with single-stranded fragments from calf thymus, Escherichia coli, and salmon testes DNA was investigated. These fragments were generated by digestion with the restr ... Full text Link to item Cite

The anti-La response of a single MRL/Mp-lpr/lpr mouse: specificity for DNA and VH gene usage.

Journal Article Eur J Immunol · June 1994 Autoantibodies to ribonucleoproteins (RNP) occur prominently in human systemic lupus erythematosus and murine lupus models. In previous studies we demonstrated a relationship in MRL/Mp-lpr/lpr (MRL/lpr) mice between antibodies to Sm, an RNP autoantigen, an ... Full text Link to item Cite

The role of nitric oxide in the pathogenesis of spontaneous murine autoimmune disease: increased nitric oxide production and nitric oxide synthase expression in MRL-lpr/lpr mice, and reduction of spontaneous glomerulonephritis and arthritis by orally administered NG-monomethyl-L-arginine.

Journal Article J Exp Med · February 1, 1994 MRL-lpr/lpr mice spontaneously develop various manifestations of autoimmunity including an inflammatory arthropathy and immune complex glomerulonephritis. This study examines the role of nitric oxide, a molecule with proinflammatory actions, in the pathoge ... Full text Link to item Cite

Stimulation of murine lymphocyte proliferation by a phosphorothioate oligonucleotide with antisense activity for herpes simplex virus.

Journal Article Life Sci · 1994 To investigate further the immunological properties of nucleic acids, the mitogenicity of a phosphorothioate oligonucleotide (S-oligo 1082) with antisense activity for herpes simplex virus was tested. This compound stimulated proliferation and antibody pro ... Full text Link to item Cite

Interleukin-2 receptor levels in the sera of rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with methotrexate.

Journal Article Arthritis Rheum · January 1994 OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association of the level of soluble serum interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) with disease activity and response to therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: The sIL-2R levels of 148 patients with refractory RA wer ... Full text Link to item Cite

Antinuclear antibodies

Journal Article Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America · January 1, 1994 ANAs are important serologic markers of the rheumatic diseases, although their role in pathogenesis has been difficult to conceptualize because their target antigens are ubiquitous among cells and seemingly well protected in the cell interior. Future direc ... Full text Cite

DNA vaccination. A clue to memory?

Journal Article Hum Immunol · December 1993 Full text Link to item Cite

The effects of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug therapy in early rheumatoid arthritis on serum levels of soluble interleukin 2 receptor, CD4, and CD8.

Journal Article J Rheumatol · November 1993 OBJECTIVE: Cell surface molecules can be shed by activated T lymphocytes and measured in serum to assess in vivo T cell activation. To evaluate the relationship between these serum markers and disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), we determined le ... Link to item Cite

Stimulation of in vitro proliferation of murine lymphocytes by synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides.

Journal Article Mol Biol Rep · October 1993 To elucidate the properties of mitogenic nucleic acids, the ability of oligodeoxynucleotides to stimulate the in vitro proliferation of murine lymphocytes was investigated. The compounds tested were a series of oligodeoxynucleotides, synthesized with eithe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Induction of immune-mediated glomerulonephritis in normal mice immunized with bacterial DNA.

Journal Article Clin Immunol Immunopathol · September 1993 Normal mice immunized with bacterial DNA produce high titers of anti-DNA antibodies and represent a new model for autoantibody production in systemic lupus erythematosus. To determine whether DNA immunization can also provoke clinical manifestations of lup ... Full text Link to item Cite

Autoantibodies and their significance.

Journal Article Curr Opin Rheumatol · September 1993 In systemic lupus erythematosus, autoantibodies have structural features that indicate in vivo selection by a T cell-dependent, antigen-driven process. The B-cell component of these responses resembles a conventional antibody response, whereas the T-cell c ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of sex on the induction of anti-DNA antibodies in normal mice immunized with bacterial DNA.

Journal Article Lupus · August 1993 Immunization of normal mice with bacterial DNA elicits a significant IgG anti-DNA response and has been explored as a model of systemic lupus erythematosus. To determine whether this induced response is influenced by sex, we have measured anti-DNA levels i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Molecular characterization of anti-DNA antibodies induced in normal mice by immunization with bacterial DNA. Differences from spontaneous anti-DNA in the content and location of VH CDR3 arginines.

Journal Article J Immunol · August 1, 1993 Immunization of normal mice with bacterial DNA induces a significant anti-DNA response that includes antibodies resembling some lupus anti-DNA in their binding properties, although lacking specificity for mammalian dsDNA. To determine the structure of thes ... Link to item Cite

Murine monoclonal antibodies specific for conserved and non-conserved antigenic determinants of the human and murine Ku autoantigens.

Journal Article Mol Biol Rep · June 1993 The Ku autoantigen is a DNA binding factor consisting of 70 and approximately 80 kDa proteins (p70 and p80, respectively) which form a heterodimer. The p70/p80 dimer appears to be crucial for the function of a 350 kDa DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) ... Full text Link to item Cite

The influence of DNA structure on the in vitro stimulation of murine lymphocytes by natural and synthetic polynucleotide antigens.

Journal Article Cell Immunol · March 1993 Although DNA is generally considered to be a poor immunogen, recent evidence suggests that DNA from various species differ in their immunological activity and that bacterial DNA can induce the in vitro proliferation of normal murine B cells. To delineate s ... Full text Link to item Cite

V region gene analysis of anti-Sm hybridomas from MRL/Mp-lpr/lpr mice.

Journal Article J Immunol · February 15, 1993 Anti-Sm autoantibodies are unique to SLE, but are present in only 25% of patients with this disease. This response also occurs at a similar frequency in mice of the autoimmune MRL strains. Previous analyses of the anti-Sm response in these mice indicate th ... Link to item Cite

Characterization of glomerular thromboxane receptors in murine lupus nephritis.

Journal Article J Pharmacol Exp Ther · February 1993 Renal thromboxane (Tx) production is increased in the MRL-lpr murine model of lupus nephritis. To investigate the relationship between increased Tx production and number and affinity of Tx receptors, we measured binding of the Tx receptor antagonist [3H][S ... Link to item Cite

The fine specificity of monoclonal anti-DNA antibodies induced in normal mice by immunization with bacterial DNA.

Journal Article J Autoimmun · February 1993 To evaluate further bacterial DNA immunization as a model to study antigen drive in the anti-DNA response, the specificity of induced monoclonal anti-DNA antibodies was characterized. A panel of IgM and IgG monoclonal anti-DNA antibodies was produced from ... Full text Link to item Cite

Genetic analysis of MRL-lpr mice: relationship of the Fas apoptosis gene to disease manifestations and renal disease-modifying loci.

Journal Article J Exp Med · December 1, 1992 In MRL mice, the mostly recessive lpr mutation results in both the accumulation of CD4-, CD8-, CD3+ T cells in lymphoid tissue and many features of generalized autoimmune disease, including immune complex glomerulonephritis. To positionally clone the lpr m ... Full text Link to item Cite

Autoantibodies and their idiotypes.

Journal Article Curr Opin Rheumatol · October 1992 Antinuclear antibodies occur prominently in systemic lupus erythematosus and serve as markers of underlying pathogenetic disturbances. Although these antibodies display features indicative of genetic control and in vivo selection by self-antigen, other mec ... Link to item Cite

Effect of anti-CD4 antibody treatment on inflammatory arthritis in MRL-lpr/lpr mice.

Journal Article Clin Immunol Immunopathol · August 1992 MRL-lpr/lpr mice develop an inflammatory arthritis in association with other manifestations of autoimmunity. Although a variety of immune cell disturbances have been described in these mice, the relationship of these abnormalities to the pathogenesis of ar ... Full text Link to item Cite

A defect in the humoral immune response to protein antigens and haptens in immunoglobulin mu heavy-chain transgenic mice.

Journal Article Mol Immunol · June 1992 We have examined the antibody response in mice expressing a functionally rearranged mu Ig heavy chain derived from a hybridoma antibody with specificity for the hapten 4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl (NP). Transgenic mice and their normal littermates were immunize ... Full text Link to item Cite

Anti-DNA antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Journal Article Rheum Dis Clin North Am · May 1992 Anti-DNA antibodies are the serologic hallmark of systemic lupus erythematosus and important markers for diagnosis and prognosis. Although a number of mechanisms for anti-DNA production have been proposed, recent evidence from human as well as murine lupus ... Link to item Cite

Thromboxane receptor blockade reduces renal injury in murine lupus nephritis.

Journal Article Kidney Int · April 1992 To investigate the role of thromboxane A2 (TxA2) in murine lupus, we assessed the effects of the specific thromboxane receptor antagonist GR32191 on immune complex glomerulonephritis in MRL-lpr/lpr mice. Forty mg/kg/day GR32191 was given by twice daily sub ... Full text Link to item Cite

Analysis of the expression of CD5 by human B cells and correlation with functional activity.

Journal Article Cell Immunol · January 1992 B cells expressing the CD5 marker in the mouse have been suggested to be a separate lineage and a major source of autoantibody production. In man, this relationship is less clear. Studies were therefore undertaken to determine whether human CD5+ B cells re ... Full text Link to item Cite

Immunochemical properties of anti-DNA antibodies in the sera of patients with Escherichia coli bacteremia.

Journal Article Int Arch Allergy Immunol · 1992 To assess the role of infection in anti-DNA antibody production, the DNA-binding activity of sera from patients with Escherichia coli bacteremia was analyzed. Among 8 patients with bacteremia documented by blood culture, 5 demonstrated increased levels of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patterns of heavy and light chain utilization in the antibody response to single-stranded bacterial DNA in normal human subjects and patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Journal Article Clin Immunol Immunopathol · January 1992 Although anti-DNA antibodies are generally considered to be specific markers for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), antibodies binding DNA from certain bacterial species can be found in the sera of normal subjects. To characterize the immunochemical prope ... Full text Link to item Cite

Specificity analysis of antibodies to single-stranded micrococcal DNA in the sera of normal human subjects and patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Journal Article Clin Exp Rheumatol · 1992 To evaluate the properties of antibodies to bacterial DNA in the sera of normal human subjects (NHS) and patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the effects of ionic strength and pH on their binding to single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) from Micrococcus ... Link to item Cite

Systemic lupus erythematosus.

Journal Article Curr Opin Immunol · December 1991 Systemic lupus erythematosus is a prototypic autoimmune disease characterized by antinuclear antibody production. In recent investigations, the contributions of various polymorphic immune response gene systems to disease pathogenesis have been analyzed. Un ... Full text Link to item Cite

Autoantibodies and their idiotypes.

Journal Article Curr Opin Rheumatol · October 1991 Idiotypes are serologically defined markers in the variable region of an antibody molecule. In the study of autoimmunity, these markers have been valuable probes in defining patterns of autoantibody variable region gene utilization, mechanisms of immune dy ... Full text Link to item Cite

Stimulation of in vitro murine lymphocyte proliferation by bacterial DNA.

Journal Article J Immunol · September 15, 1991 Although DNA is generally considered to be a poor immunogen, recent evidence suggests that DNA from various species differ in their immunologic activity and that bacterial DNA, unlike mammalian DNA, can induce significant antibody responses in mice. To exp ... Link to item Cite

Soluble interleukin-2 receptor levels in patients with dermatitis herpetiformis.

Journal Article J Invest Dermatol · September 1991 To determine the role of T-cell activation in dermatitis herpetiformis (DH), soluble IL-2R levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in the sera of 30 patients with DH. Levels of this shed receptor are considered to be a measure of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Genetic control of inflammatory arthritis and glomerulonephritis in congenic lpr mice and their F1 hybrids.

Journal Article J Autoimmun · August 1991 MRL-lpr/lpr mice spontaneously develop a complex immunological disease characterized by glomerulonephritis, inflammatory erosive arthritis and the production of rheumatoid factors (RF) and anti-DNA antibodies. We have previously reported that, of congenic ... Full text Link to item Cite

Physiologic role for enhanced renal thromboxane production in murine lupus nephritis.

Journal Article Prostaglandins · July 1991 To investigate the physiologic significance of enhanced renal thromboxane production in murine lupus nephritis, we measured renal hemodynamics and eicosanoid production in MRL-lpr/lpr mice from 8 to 20 weeks of age. Over this age range, MRL-lpr/lpr mice de ... Full text Link to item Cite

The specialized centers of research in rheumatoid arthritis. Recent progress and prospects for future advances.

Journal Article Hum Immunol · June 1991 Specialized Centers of Research (SCOR) in arthritis are interdisciplinary research programs to investigate disease pathogenesis as well as advance diagnosis and treatment. A recent meeting of investigators from the three SCOR programs in rheumatoid arthrit ... Full text Link to item Cite

Specificity of anti-DNA antibodies induced in normal mice by immunization with bacterial DNA.

Journal Article Clin Immunol Immunopathol · May 1991 To determine the specificity of anti-DNA antibodies induced in normal mice by immunization with bacterial DNA, sera from BALB/c mice immunized with single-stranded DNA from Escherichia coli (EC) were tested for binding to a panel of synthetic DNA and RNA h ... Full text Link to item Cite

Serum immunoglobulin levels in systemic lupus erythematosus: the effects of age, sex, race and disease duration.

Journal Article J Rheumatol · April 1991 To determine whether factors other than disease activity influence immunoglobulin levels in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the effect of age, sex, race, and duration of disease on serum IgG and IgM levels in 170 patients with SLE were in ... Link to item Cite

Anti-La antibody production by MRL-1pr/1pr mice. Analysis of fine specificity.

Journal Article J Immunol · March 15, 1991 In evaluating the origin of autoantibodies, patterns of self-Ag recognition have been interpreted to reflect the relative role of Ag in stimulating a response. Few studies, however, have assessed whether human autoantibodies display patterns of autoantigen ... Link to item Cite

The relationship between soluble interleukin 2 receptor levels and antidouble stranded DNA antibody levels in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Journal Article J Rheumatol · February 1991 Levels of soluble interleukin 2 receptors (IL-2R) have been found to be elevated in the serum of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and are considered an indication of immune system activation in this disease. To assess the relationship betwe ... Link to item Cite

Enhanced renal leukotriene production in murine lupus: role of lipoxygenase metabolites.

Journal Article Kidney Int · January 1991 To investigate the potential role of leukotrienes in murine lupus, we measured renal hemodynamics and renal leukotriene production in MRL-lpr/lpr mice at 12 and 20 weeks of age. Over this age range, these animals develop overt manifestations of autoimmune ... Full text Link to item Cite

IgG binding of monoclonal anti-nuclear antibodies from MRL-lpr/lpr mice.

Journal Article Immunology · December 1990 To assess the specificity of anti-nuclear antibodies with cross-reactive rheumatoid factor (RF) activity, monoclonal anti-DNA and anti-Sm antibodies from MRL-lpr/lpr mice were tested for binding to a variety of IgG antigens. These antibodies had all been p ... Link to item Cite

Heavy and light chain utilization in autoantibodies of elderly patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Journal Article Clin Immunol Immunopathol · November 1990 To determine whether age-related changes in immune function affect patterns of autoantibody production, we have examined the isotype and light chain utilization in autoantibodies of elderly patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Enzyme-linked im ... Full text Link to item Cite

Serum interleukin-2 receptor responses to immunization.

Journal Article Clin Immunol Immunopathol · October 1990 Serum interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) levels have been used to assess immune activation in inflammatory and infectious illnesses, although the cellular origin of these receptors and the dynamics of their production are not well defined. To investigate the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Selective recognition of DNA antigenic determinants by murine monoclonal anti-DNA antibodies.

Journal Article Clin Exp Immunol · October 1990 To assess the immune recognition of DNA in systemic lupus erythematosus, the antigenic specificity of monoclonal anti-DNA antibodies from autoimmune MRL-lpr/lpr mice was investigated Determinant specificity was assessed by ELISA in terms of binding to a pa ... Link to item Cite

Cellular requirements for anti-DNA production induced in mice by immunization with bacterial DNA.

Journal Article Eur J Immunol · August 1990 To further define DNA immunization as a model for anti-DNA production, we investigated the cellular requirements for this response in mice immunized with single-stranded DNA from E. coli. The anti-DNA responses of genetically immune-deficient mice and cong ... Full text Link to item Cite

The fine specificity of anti-La antibodies induced in mice by immunization with recombinant human La autoantigen.

Journal Article J Immunol · May 15, 1990 Because of increasing evidence suggesting that anti-La autoantibodies are induced in humans by an Ag-specific mechanism, we investigated the antibody response of animals immunized with the human La Ag and studied its relationship to the anti-La response of ... Link to item Cite

Expression of IgM and IgG autoantibodies in pediatric and adult systemic lupus erythematosus.

Journal Article Clin Immunol Immunopathol · May 1990 To compare patterns of autoantibody responses in pediatric and adult patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). IgG and IgM antibodies to single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), Sm, and the 70-kDa protein component of the RNP antigen (70-kDa RNP) were measured ... Full text Link to item Cite

Correlation between erythrocyte CR1 reduction and other blood proteinase markers in patients with malignant and inflammatory disorders.

Journal Article Blood · April 15, 1990 Erythrocyte CR1, a C3b/C4b-binding complement-regulatory protein, is sensitive to proteolysis in vitro. To test the hypothesis that in vivo erythrocyte CR1 reduction results from intravascular proteinase activities, we used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assa ... Link to item Cite

In vitro autoantibody production by normal adult and cord blood B cells.

Journal Article J Clin Invest · March 1990 To investigate the repertoire of autoantibodies in humans, anti-DNA and rheumatoid factor (RF) production in vitro was assessed in cultures of adult peripheral blood B cells and neonatal umbilical venous blood B cells. B cells were stimulated under various ... Full text Link to item Cite

Expression of autoantibodies to recombinant (U1) RNP-associated 70K antigen in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Journal Article Clin Immunol Immunopathol · February 1990 To determine the specificity of antibodies to the (U1) ribonucleoprotein antigen in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), patient sera were tested for binding to a recombinant human 70K antigen. By solid-phase immunoassay, we detected anti-70K reactivity in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Temporal correlation of antibody responses to different epitopes of the human La autoantigen.

Journal Article J Clin Invest · February 1990 To investigate the temporal relationship of antibody responses to different La epitopes, sequential sera from nine patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and Sjogren's syndrome were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for antibody binding to a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Regulation of the anti-Sm autoantibody response in systemic lupus erythematosus mice by monoclonal anti-Sm antibodies.

Journal Article J Clin Invest · January 1990 The administration of certain monoclonal anti-Sm antibodies (2G7, 7.13) induced most MRL/lpr mice to become anti-Sm positive by 5 mo of age, although other anti-Sm monoclonals (Y2, Y12) suppressed the spontaneous response. Positive anti-Sm antibody enhance ... Full text Link to item Cite

Anti-DNA antibodies from autoimmune mice arise by clonal expansion and somatic mutation.

Journal Article J Exp Med · January 1, 1990 The proximate cause of autoantibodies characteristic of systemic autoimmune diseases has been controversial. One hypothesis is that autoantibodies are the result of polyclonal nonspecific B cell activation. Alternatively, autoantibodies could be the result ... Full text Link to item Cite

Polyspecific binding of Escherichia coli beta-galactosidase by murine antibodies to DNA.

Journal Article J Immunol · December 1, 1989 To characterize further polyspecific interactions of antibodies to DNA, the binding of sera from autoimmune MRL-lpr/lpr mice to Escherichia coli beta-galactosidase (beta-gal) was analyzed. This protein was selected for study because of preliminary observat ... Link to item Cite

Genetic control of inflammatory arthritis in congenic lpr mice.

Journal Article Clin Immunol Immunopathol · December 1989 To determine the genetic requirements for the development of inflammatory arthritis in MRL-lpr/lpr mice, clinical, serologic, and pathologic features of lpr/lpr and +/+ mice of MRL, B6, C3H, and AKR strains were studied. Arthritis was evaluated by histopat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patterns of autoantibody expression in pediatric and adult systemic lupus erythematosus.

Journal Article J Rheumatol · October 1989 To characterize patterns of autoantibody expression in pediatric and adult systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), IgG and IgM antibodies to cardiolipin (aCL) and single-stranded DNA (anti-DNA) were measured in sera from 32 pediatric and 36 adult patients. Ant ... Link to item Cite

Epitope specificity of anti-La antibodies from patients with Sjögren's syndrome.

Journal Article J Autoimmun · August 1989 To investigate patterns of autoreactivity in Sjögren's syndrome, the epitope specificity of anti-La antibodies was determined using recombinant antigens bearing sequences of the amino, middle, and carboxyl portions of the La molecule. Sera from patients wi ... Full text Link to item Cite

The antibody response of normal mice to immunization with single-stranded DNA of various species origin.

Journal Article Clin Immunol Immunopathol · June 1989 To further assess the mechanism for the induction of anti-DNA antibodies, the response of BALB/c mice to immunization with single-stranded DNA of various species origin was determined. Anti-DNA levels of mice immunized with Escherichia coli DNA as complexe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Antidouble stranded DNA antibody assays in systemic lupus erythematosus: correlations of longitudinal antibody measurements.

Journal Article J Rheumatol · May 1989 To determine whether different assays of antidouble stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) antibodies provide comparable information in quantitative antibody assessment over time, longitudinal correlations between 3 anti-dsDNA antibody methods were derived. Determinati ... Link to item Cite

Induction of anti-double stranded DNA antibodies in normal mice by immunization with bacterial DNA.

Journal Article J Immunol · March 1, 1989 Because of recent observations suggesting that bacterial DNA is immunogenic, the induction in normal mice of antibodies to Escherichia coli (EC) dsDNA was investigated. BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice were immunized with dsEC or ds calf thymus (CT) DNA complexed t ... Link to item Cite

The genetics of autoantibody production in MRL/lpr lupus mice.

Journal Article Clin Exp Rheumatol · 1989 We have investigated the influence of background genes in the MRL strain, as compared to C57BL/6, on the induction of autoimmunity in homozygous lpr/lpr mice. We have concentrated on two autoantibodies, anti-Sm and anti-chromatin. The propensity to make an ... Link to item Cite

Analysis of autoantibody binding to different regions of the human La antigen expressed in recombinant fusion proteins.

Journal Article J Immunol · December 15, 1988 To determine the specificity of autoantibodies for various antigenic sites on a self-protein molecule, sera from 19 patients with anti-La antibodies were tested for their reactivity with molecularly cloned La protein fragments. By quantitative ELISA, anti- ... Link to item Cite

Methotrexate-associated hepatotoxicity: retrospective analysis of 210 patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Journal Article Am J Med · December 1988 PURPOSE: Beginning in the 1980s, methotrexate has been used successfully to treat rheumatoid arthritis. The magnitude and severity of short- and long-term methotrexate toxicity, however, have not been adequately investigated. Our study was performed to det ... Full text Link to item Cite

Immunization with the Sm nuclear antigen induces anti-Sm antibodies in normal and MRL mice.

Journal Article Immunology · November 1988 The spontaneous occurrence of antibodies against the Sm nuclear antigen is a highly specific marker for the diagnosis of SLE. We have previously shown that anti-Sm can be elicited by immunization of SLE-prone mice with purified Sm antigen. In the present s ... Link to item Cite

Mike's treatment.

Journal Article Am J Med · October 1988 Full text Link to item Cite

The relationship of anticardiolipin antibodies to disease manifestations in pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus.

Journal Article J Rheumatol · September 1988 To determine the prevalence of anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) in pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and their possible association with clinical manifestations, aCL were measured in sera of 32 patients with the onset of SLE before age 16. IgM a ... Link to item Cite

Quantitative immunoassay of anti-La antibodies using purified recombinant La antigen.

Journal Article Arthritis Rheum · April 1988 A purified recombinant La fusion protein was tested in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to quantitate anti-La responses. This protein contained the immunodominant region of the La molecule fused to beta-galactosidase. In solid-phase assays, recombinant ... Full text Link to item Cite

Spontaneous expression of antibodies to DNA of various species origin in sera of normal subjects and patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Journal Article J Immunol · January 15, 1988 To investigate mechanisms for the induction of anti-DNA antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the specificity of anti-DNA antibodies was determined in sera from SLE patients and normal control subjects. As a marker of these responses, the react ... Link to item Cite

Mechanisms of anti-DNA production in human and murine SLE.

Journal Article In Vivo · 1988 Antibodies to DNA occur prominently in systemic lupus erythematosus and play a central role in pathogenesis. Recent studies on the production of anti-DNA antibodies in both mouse and man suggest that this response can result from a variety of immunoregulat ... Link to item Cite

Inhibition of in vitro NZB antibody responses by cyclosporine.

Journal Article Clin Exp Immunol · January 1988 To characterize functional abnormalities of B cells in murine autoimmunity, the effect of cyclosporine (CsA) on antibody responses of NZB and control BALB/c spleen cells was investigated in vitro. Under conditions of high cell density, both NZB and BALB/c ... Link to item Cite

Mechanisms of antinuclear antibody production in the rheumatic diseases.

Journal Article Rheum Dis Clin North Am · December 1987 Recent investigations on the mechanisms of ANA production in the rheumatic diseases suggest that these responses frequently emerge in the setting of nonspecific immunoregulatory disturbances. However, the expansion and maturation of these responses to gene ... Link to item Cite

Structure and function of anti-DNA autoantibodies derived from a single autoimmune mouse.

Journal Article Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · December 1987 Four monoclonal anti-DNA antibodies derived from a single autoimmune MRL/lpr mouse were studied. Three of these antibodies showed similarities in DNA binding; the fourth had a much higher specific activity for single-stranded DNA and, in addition, was uniq ... Full text Link to item Cite

A new method for the cytological analysis of autoantibody specificities using whole-mount, surface-spread meiotic nuclei.

Journal Article J Immunol Methods · November 23, 1987 A new method for the cytological analysis of antinuclear antibody binding offers several advantages over conventional techniques. Nuclei in meiosis, prepared by surface-spreading spermatocytes, provide a detailed examination of the constituents of the nucl ... Full text Link to item Cite

Polyspecific reactivity of a murine monoclonal antibody that binds to nuclear matrix-associated, chromatin-bound autoantigens.

Journal Article Clin Immunol Immunopathol · August 1987 To investigate polyspecific autoantibody interactions, we have characterized the binding of a cloned murine monoclonal IgM antibody termed (RTE-23) of strain BALB/c origin. By indirect immunofluorescence this antibody displayed a nuclear speckled and perip ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cyclosporine inhibition of CH series murine B-cell lymphomas.

Journal Article Cell Immunol · June 1987 To investigate the mechanisms by which cyclosporine (CsA) inhibits B-cell function, the effect of this agent on murine B-lymphoma cell lines of the CH series was tested. These lymphomas appear to be derived from a restricted B-cell population on the basis ... Full text Link to item Cite

Characterization of monoclonal antibodies with specificity for DNA and the synthetic polypeptide antigen (T,G)-A-L.

Journal Article Mol Immunol · April 1987 Because of evidence for structural similarity of variable region genes of anti-DNA and anti-(T,G)-A-L antibodies, polyspecific interactions of monoclonal anti-DNA and anti-(T,G)-A-L antibodies were investigated. Of 20 monoclonal antibodies from C57BL/10 mi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Specificity analysis of monoclonal anti-DNA antibodies.

Journal Article Immunology · April 1987 The specificity of a panel of murine monoclonal anti-DNA antibodies for DNA antigenic determinants was evaluated by testing their relative binding to various animal and bacterial DNAs. The antibody panel consisted of six monoclonal anti-DNAs of MRL-lpr/lpr ... Link to item Cite

Functional alterations of macrophages in autoimmune MRL-lpr/lpr mice.

Journal Article J Immunol · March 15, 1987 To assess the role of macrophages (MAC) in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus, we investigated functional aspects of peritoneal MAC obtained from autoimmune MRL/MpJ-lpr/lpr (MRL-lpr) mice. MRL-lpr and control C3H/HeN MAC were obtained from un ... Link to item Cite

IgG antinuclear antibodies with cross-reactive rheumatoid factor activity.

Journal Article J Immunol · December 15, 1986 To investigate whether IgG antinuclear antibodies have cross-reactive rheumatoid factor activity, monoclonal IgG antibodies to DNA and Sm from autoimmune MRL-lpr/lpr mice were assayed by ELISA for binding to IgG antigens. Of the nine anti-DNA and anti-Sm m ... Link to item Cite

Antibodies to DNA. A perspective.

Journal Article Arthritis Rheum · December 1986 Full text Link to item Cite

The intravenous insulin tolerance test in type I diabetes.

Journal Article Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol · September 1986 The intravenous insulin tolerance test (ITT) allows general assessment of insulin sensitivity by determining the fall in plasma glucose after injection of 0.1 unit/kg regular insulin. To evaluate the usefulness of this test diagnostically in distinguishing ... Link to item Cite

The clearance of a monoclonal anti-DNA antibody following administration of DNA in normal and autoimmune mice.

Journal Article Clin Immunol Immunopathol · April 1986 To study the assembly of DNA-anti-DNA complexes in vivo, we have measured the clearance from blood and organ localization of a murine IgG2a monoclonal anti-DNA antibody, called 6/0, following the infusion of DNA intravenously or intraperitoneally. Intraper ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cyclosporine inhibition of a murine B cell lymphoma.

Journal Article Clin Exp Immunol · March 1986 The effect of cyclosporine (CsA) on the CH12 murine B cell lymphoma was investigated to determine whether sensitivity to this agent is retained by malignant B cells. This tumour produces an antibody to bromelain-treated red blood cells and may represent tr ... Link to item Cite

Systemic lupus erythematosus.

Journal Article Med Clin North Am · March 1986 Systemic lupus erythematosus is a multisystem inflammatory disease characterized by autoantibody production. Recent investigations are providing insights into the immunoregulatory disturbances underlying this disease, and are clarifying the approach to dia ... Full text Link to item Cite

Specificity and idiotypic analysis of a monoclonal anti-Sm antibody with anti-DNA activity.

Journal Article J Immunol · December 1985 To investigate the mechanisms of anti-Sm expression in murine systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the idiotypic determinants of a monoclonal anti-Sm antibody were studied. This antibody, 2G7, was derived from the fusion of spleen cells of an autoimmune MRL ... Link to item Cite

Anti-Sm autoantibodies in MRL mice: analysis of precursor frequency.

Journal Article Cell Immunol · December 1985 Individual MRL-lpr mice vary in their capacity to generate anti-Sm autoantibodies spontaneously. We have compared the frequency of B-cell precursors for this autoantibody in serologically negative and serologically positive MRL-lpr mice, and in normals. An ... Full text Link to item Cite

The influence of Yaa on anti-DNA responses of B6-lpr mice.

Journal Article Clin Immunol Immunopathol · December 1985 The anti-DNA autoantibody responses of mice congenic for lpr and the Y-linked autoimmune accelerator (Yaa) genes were studied to evaluate genetic interactions in murine autoimmunity. Male B6-lpr, + mice failed to generate significant anti-DNA responses in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Inhibition of in vitro anti-DNA B-cell responses by cyclosporine.

Journal Article Cell Immunol · August 1985 The action of the immunosuppressive agent cyclosporine (CsA) on anti-DNA B-cell responses was investigated in an in vitro system. Spleen cells from autoimmune MRL-lpr/lpr or control BALB/c mice, when cultured at high cell density, spontaneously produced si ... Full text Link to item Cite

Defects in mononuclear phagocytic system (MPS) function in autoimmune MRL-lpr/lpr mice.

Journal Article Clin Immunol Immunopathol · July 1985 MRL-lpr/lpr mice develop an autoimmune disease similar to systemic lupus erythematosus. To determine whether mice of this strain develop defects in mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) function similar to those observed in patients, the pattern of sequestrat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Antinuclear antibodies and nuclear antigens in NZB myeloma ascitic fluids.

Journal Article Clin Immunol Immunopathol · June 1985 Approximately 5-10% of ascitic fluids from 411 NZB myeloma tumors were found to possess either antinuclear (ANA) or Coombs antibodies. Some fluids showed anti-SM specificity, which is thought to be unique to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In addition, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Expression of a highly conserved anti-DNA idiotype in normal and autoimmune mice.

Journal Article Clin Immunol Immunopathol · March 1985 The specificity and idiotypic relationships of a monoclonal anti-DNA antibody were investigated to evaluate genetic control in this autoantibody response. 6/0 is an IgG2a monoclonal anti-DNA derived by the fusion of spleen cells from an autoimmune MRL-lpr/ ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hyper-Ia antigen expression on B cells from B6-lpr/lpr mice correlates with manifestations of the autoimmune state.

Journal Article Clin Immunol Immunopathol · January 1985 To investigate the state of activation of B cells from mice with the lpr gene defect, membrane Ia antigen (mIa) expression was analyzed on B cells from B6-lpr/lpr (lpr) and control B6- +/-/+/- mice. B cells from lpr mice exhibited marked increases in level ... Full text Link to item Cite

Monoclonal rheumatoid factors from B6-lpr/lpr mice.

Journal Article Clin Exp Immunol · December 1984 Monoclonal rheumatoid factors (MoRF) were prepared from autoimmune B6-lpr/lpr mice to investigate the influence of strain background on the specificity of these autoantibodies. Using screening assays for binding to heterologous rabbit IgG, four IgM MoRF we ... Link to item Cite

Influence of assay conditions on ELISA determinations of anti-DNA antibodies.

Journal Article J Immunol Methods · November 30, 1984 The influence of assay conditions on anti-DNA determinations by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was investigated to evaluate the detection of various DNA antigenic specificities. Among 4 monoclonal anti-DNA antibodies of MRL-lpr/lpr strain ori ... Full text Link to item Cite

Idiotypic analysis of a monoclonal anti-Sm antibody. II. Strain distribution of a common idiotypic determinant and its relationship to anti-Sm expression.

Journal Article J Immunol · October 1984 The idiotypes borne by Y2, a monoclonal anti-Sm antibody of MRL-lpr/lpr mouse strain origin, were investigated to elucidate genetic mechanisms in this autoantibody response. An anti-Y2 anti-idiotypic antiserum was raised in a rabbit and was rendered specif ... Link to item Cite

Characterization and idiotypic analysis of an anti-RNP monoclonal antibody.

Journal Article Clin Exp Immunol · June 1984 To investigate mechanisms of anti-RNP antibody expression in autoimmune disease, idiotypes of a monoclonal anti-RNP of murine origin were analysed. This antibody, designated 4L1, was obtained from a MRL-lpr/lpr mouse and shown to have anti-RNP specificity ... Link to item Cite

Specificity analysis of monoclonal anti-DNA antibodies from B6-lpr/lpr mice.

Journal Article Arthritis Rheum · May 1984 The binding properties of B6-lpr/lpr anti-DNA monoclonal antibodies were characterized to evaluate the influence of genetic background on the diversity and specificity of lpr-induced autoantibody responses. Six anti-DNA antibodies were produced from fusion ... Full text Link to item Cite

The influence of the lpr gene on B cell activation: differential antibody expression in lpr congenic mouse strains.

Journal Article Clin Immunol Immunopathol · April 1984 Spontaneous immunoglobulin production in four strains of lpr/lpr congenic mice was investigated to identify genetic interactions in lpr-induced polyclonal B cell activation. Sera were obtained from male and female lpr/lpr mice of the MRL, B6, C3H, and AKR ... Full text Link to item Cite

Idiotypic cross-reaction between MRL monoclonal autoantibodies with different antigen specificity.

Journal Article Clin Immunol Immunopathol · March 1984 The idiotypic determinants borne by Y2, a monoclonal anti-SM antibody of MRL mouse strain origin, were investigated to elucidate mechanisms for the generation of autoantibodies. Using an ELISA assay, a rabbit anti-Y2 anti-idiotypic antiserum was tested for ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mechanisms of polyclonal B-cell activation in autoimmune B6-lpr/lpr mice.

Journal Article Cell Immunol · March 1984 The influence of the lpr gene on spontaneous and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced immunoglobulin production was studied in B6 mice homozygous for the mutant lpr gene (B6-lpr/lpr). Male and female mice of this congenic strain were followed for 1 year and se ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cloning of B cells from autoimmune MRL-lpr/lpr and MRL.xid mice.

Journal Article Cell Immunol · March 1984 The relationship between colony formation (cloning) of B cells and their activation in murine autoimmunity was investigated in MRL-lpr/lpr and MRL.xid mice. Cells from MRL-lpr/lpr mice showed similar requirements for in vitro growth as normal CBA/J and BAL ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effect os xid on anti-DNA B-cell precursors.

Journal Article Cell Immunol · June 1983 The influence of the xid gene on murine autoimmunity was investigated by precursor frequency analysis of anti-DNA-producing B cells in non-xid and congenic xid autoimmune and normal mice. Antibody responses were induced in vitro by lipopolysaccharides unde ... Full text Link to item Cite

Idiotypic cross-reaction between MRL autoantibodies and a BALB/c myeloma.

Journal Article Mol Immunol · June 1983 Y2, a monoclonal anti-Sm antibody of MRL origin, demonstrates an idiotype commonly expressed in autoimmune MRL mice, although not necessarily associated with anti-Sm activity. To identify non-anti-Sm antibodies with this common idiotype, a rabbit anti-Y2 a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Specificity and idiotype analysis of a monoclonal anti-DNA antibody.

Journal Article Clin Immunol Immunopathol · June 1983 The binding properties and idiotypes of a monoclonal anti-DNA antibody were studied to investigate the control of specificity in this autoimmune response. This antibody, A9, was derived from the fusion of spleen cells of an MRL-lpr/lpr mouse and the cell l ... Full text Link to item Cite

Idiotypic analysis of a monoclonal anti-Sm antibody.

Journal Article J Immunol · October 1982 Among murine models of autoimmunity, MRL mice are unique in their expression of antibodies to the nuclear antigen Sm. To assess genetic mechanisms in the control of this response, the idiotypes borne by a monoclonal anti-Sm antibody of MRL-Ipr/Ipr origin w ... Link to item Cite

Ipr gene control of the anti-DNA antibody response.

Journal Article J Immunol · May 1982 The influence of the Ipr gene on the anti-DNA antibody response was investigated in MRL and B6 Ipr/Ipr inbred mice, MRL +/+ mice less than a yr of age produced low levels of anti-DNA antibody, whereas older animals of this strain demonstrated levels in som ... Link to item Cite

Binding specificity of a monoclonal anti-DNA antibody.

Journal Article Mol Immunol · May 1982 To investigate the interaction of DNA and anti-DNA antibodies in the immune complex disease of systemic lupus erythematosus, the fine specificity of binding of a monoclonal anti-DNA antibody was determined. This antibody, termed Cll, was derived from the f ... Full text Link to item Cite

Lymphocytic lymphoma and systemic lupus erythematosus: their coexistence with antibody to the Sm antigen.

Journal Article Arch Pathol Lab Med · April 1982 The serologic and clinical features of a 32-year-old women with coexistent systemic lupus erythematosus and lymphoma were studied. A cervical node biopsy specimen demonstrated nodular, poorly differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma; subsequent development of p ... Link to item Cite

Independent expression of autoantibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Journal Article J Rheumatol · 1982 Antibodies to components of the cell nucleus have been viewed as specific serological markers of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). To determine whether these autoantibodies exhibit common regulation of their expression, antibody levels have been quantita ... Link to item Cite

Lpr gene control of the anti-DNA antibody response

Journal Article Journal of Immunology · January 1, 1982 The influence of the Lpr gene on the anti-DNA antibody response was investigated in MRL and B6 Lpr Lpr inbred mice. MRL +/+ mice less than a yr of age produced low levels of anti-DNA antibody, whereas older animals of this strain demonstrated levels in som ... Cite

Ir genes of different high responder haplotypes for staphylococcal nuclease are not allelic.

Journal Article J Immunol · December 1981 The Ir gene controlling high responsiveness to staphylococcal nuclease in the H-2d haplotype has been mapped to the I-A subregion, in contrast to that in the H-2k and H-2a haplotypes, which maps in the I-B subregion. The nonallelic high responder genes als ... Link to item Cite

The induction of tolerance and suppression in autoimmune MRL mice using hapten-modified self.

Journal Article J Immunol · August 1981 Disturbances in suppressor cell function have been considered important in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a conclusion supported by studies with New Zealand mice. To determine whether other SLE mice display similar immunoregulatory ... Link to item Cite

A simple enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for antibodies to native DNA.

Journal Article J Immunol Methods · 1981 A simple and highly sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has been developed for the measurement of anti-native DNA (anti-nDNA) antibodies in sera from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). A solid-phase support for the assay was ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mechanisms of autoantibody production in autoimmune MRL mice.

Journal Article J Exp Med · November 1, 1980 The quantitative expression of anti-DNA and anti-Sm antibodies has been investigated in autoimmune MRL-lpr/lpr and MRL-+/+ mice. Anti-Sm antibodies were detected in sera from 21/23 lpr/lpr and 10/16 +/+ mice, with individual animals showing striking variat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Genetic control of the immune response to staphylococcal nuclease. IX. Recombination between genes determining BALB/c antinuclease idiotypes and the heavy chain allotype locus.

Journal Article J Immunol · March 1979 The genetic linkage relationship of two antinuclease idiotypes produced by the BALB/c strain was investigated in the backcross (BALB/c x CB.20) X CB.20. These two idiotypes were detected by Lewis rat anti-idiotypic antisera prepared against affinity-purifi ... Link to item Cite

Genetic control of the immune response to staphylococcal nuclease. VIII. Mapping of genes for antibodies to different antigenic regions of nuclease.

Journal Article J Exp Med · May 1, 1978 Antibodies to staphylococcal nuclease have been fractionated into two populations on the basis of their ability to bind to the cyanogen bromide cleavage product of nuclease comprising the C-terminal portion of the molecule from the 99th to the 149th amino ... Full text Link to item Cite

Genetic control of the immune response to staphylococcal nuclease. VII. Role of non-H2-linked genes in the control of the anti-nuclease antibody response.

Journal Article J Exp Med · February 1, 1978 The role of non-H-2-linked genes in the control of the antibody response to staphylococcal nuclease has been investigated. 3 wk after immunization with nuclease in complete Freund's adjuvant, strain A/J (H-2 a) mice produced significantly higher titers of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Genetic control of the immune response to staphylococcal nuclease in mice.

Journal Article Adv Exp Med Biol · 1978 Genetic control of the immune response to staphylococcal nuclease in mice is detectable at several levels. At least one H-2-linked Ir gene controls 1) the relative proportions of antibodies to different determinants on nuclease when whole nuclease is the i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Genetic control of the immune response to staphylococcal nuclease

Journal Article Springer Seminars in Immunopathology · January 1, 1978 Full text Cite

The genetic control of the immune response to staphylococcal nuclease VI. Recombination between genes determining the A/J anti-nuclease idiotypes and the heavy chain allotype locus.

Journal Article J Exp Med · December 1, 1977 Rat antisera detecting binding site-specific idiotypic determinants on anti-nuclease antibodies from A/J mice have been used to define the A/J anti-nuclease idiotype and to investigate its genetic linkage as a variable region marker. Analysis of the segreg ... Full text Link to item Cite

Genetic control of the immune response to nuclease. V. Genetic linkage and strain distribution of anti-nuclease idiotypes.

Journal Article J Exp Med · March 1, 1977 Rat antisera raised against anti-nuclease antibodies from mouse strains A/J and SJL detect strain-specific idiotypic determinants related to the antigen-combining site. These antisera have been used to investigate the genetic linkage and strain distributio ... Full text Link to item Cite

Role of ATP in DNA synthesis in Escherichia coli.

Journal Article J Mol Biol · November 28, 1972 Full text Link to item Cite